1
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Mustafa D, Overhulse JM, Kashemirov BA, McKenna CE. Microwave-Accelerated McKenna Synthesis of Phosphonic Acids: An Investigation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083497. [PMID: 37110732 PMCID: PMC10144917 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphonic acids represent one of the most important categories of organophosphorus compounds, with myriad examples found in chemical biology, medicine, materials, and other domains. Phosphonic acids are rapidly and conveniently prepared from their simple dialkyl esters by silyldealkylation with bromotrimethylsilane (BTMS), followed by desilylation upon contact with water or methanol. Introduced originally by McKenna, the BTMS route to phosphonic acids has long been a favored method due to its convenience, high yields, very mild conditions, and chemoselectivity. We systematically investigated microwave irradiation as a means to accelerate the BTMS silyldealkylations (MW-BTMS) of a series of dialkyl methylphosphonates with respect to solvent polarity (ACN, dioxane, neat BTMS, DMF, and sulfolane), alkyl group (Me, Et, and iPr), electron-withdrawing P-substitution, and phosphonate-carboxylate triester chemoselectivity. Control reactions were performed using conventional heating. We also applied MW-BTMS to the preparation of three acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs, an important class of antiviral and anticancer drugs), which were reported to undergo partial nucleoside degradation under MW hydrolysis with HCl at 130-140 °C (MW-HCl, a proposed alternative to BTMS). In all cases, MW-BTMS dramatically accelerated quantitative silyldealkylation compared to BTMS with conventional heating and was highly chemoselective, confirming it to be an important enhancement of the conventional BTMS method with significant advantages over the MW-HCl method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Justin M Overhulse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Boris A Kashemirov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Charles E McKenna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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2
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Shearan SJI, Andreoli E, Taddei M. An alternative C–P cross-coupling route for the synthesis of novel V-shaped aryldiphosphonic acids. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:1518-1523. [DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of phosphonate esters is a topic of interest for various fields, including the preparation of phosphonic acids to be employed as organic linkers for the construction of metal phosphonate materials. We report an alternative method that requires no solvent and involves a different order of addition of reactants to perform the transition-metal-catalyzed C–P cross-coupling reaction, often referred to as the Tavs reaction, employing NiCl2 as a pre-catalyst in the phosphonylation of aryl bromide substrates using triisopropyl phosphite. This new method was employed in the synthesis of three novel aryl diphosphonate esters which were subsequently transformed to phosphonic acids through silylation and hydrolysis.
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3
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Harsági N, Keglevich G. The Hydrolysis of Phosphinates and Phosphonates: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102840. [PMID: 34064764 PMCID: PMC8150351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphinic and phosphonic acids are useful intermediates and biologically active compounds which may be prepared from their esters, phosphinates and phosphonates, respectively, by hydrolysis or dealkylation. The hydrolysis may take place both under acidic and basic conditions, but the C-O bond may also be cleaved by trimethylsilyl halides. The hydrolysis of P-esters is a challenging task because, in most cases, the optimized reaction conditions have not yet been explored. Despite the importance of the hydrolysis of P-esters, this field has not yet been fully surveyed. In order to fill this gap, examples of acidic and alkaline hydrolysis, as well as the dealkylation of phosphinates and phosphonates, are summarized in this review.
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4
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The surprising diacylation of diethyl (ethoxycarbonylmethyl)phosphonate. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Ash J, Huang H, Cordero P, Kang JY. Selective hydrolysis of phosphorus(V) compounds to form organophosphorus monoacids. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6007-6014. [PMID: 34165127 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00881a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An azide and transition metal-free method for the synthesis of elusive phosphonic, phosphinic, and phosphoric monoacids has been developed. Inert pentavalent P(v)-compounds (phosphonate, phosphinate, and phosphate) are activated by triflate anhydride (Tf2O)/pyridine system to form a highly reactive phosphoryl pyridinium intermediate that undergoes nucleophilic substitution with H2O to selectively deprotect one alkoxy group and form organophosphorus monoacids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Ash
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, USA.
| | - Hai Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
| | - Paula Cordero
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, USA.
| | - Jun Yong Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, USA.
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6
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Haratipour P, Minard C, Nakhjiri M, Negahbani A, Chamberlain BT, Osuna J, Upton TG, Zhao M, Kashemirov BA, McKenna CE. Completing the β,γ-CXY-dNTP Stereochemical Probe Toolkit: Synthetic Access to the dCTP Diastereomers and 31P and 19F NMR Correlations with Absolute Configurations. J Org Chem 2020; 85:14592-14609. [PMID: 33125847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside 5'-triphosphate (dNTP) analogues in which the β,γ-oxygen is mimicked by a CXY group (β,γ-CXY-dNTPs) have provided information about DNA polymerase catalysis and fidelity. Definition of CXY stereochemistry is important to elucidate precise binding modes. We previously reported the (R)- and (S)-β,γ-CHX-dGTP diastereomers (X = F, Cl), prepared via P,C-dimorpholinamide CHCl (6a, 6b) and CHF (7a, 7b) bisphosphonates (BPs) equipped with an (R)-mandelic acid as a chiral auxiliary, with final deprotection using H2/Pd. This method also affords the β,γ-CHCl-dTTP (11a, 11b), β,γ-CHF (12a, 12b), and β,γ-CHCl (13a, 13b) dATP diastereomers as documented here, but the reductive deprotection step is not compatible with dCTP or the bromo substituent in β,γ-CHBr-dNTP analogues. To complete assembly of the toolkit, we describe an alternative synthetic strategy featuring ethylbenzylamine or phenylglycine-derived chiral BP synthons incorporating a photolabile protecting group. After acid-catalyzed removal of the (R)-(+)-α-ethylbenzylamine auxiliary, coupling with activated dCMP and photochemical deprotection, the individual diastereomers of β,γ-CHBr- (33a, 33b), β,γ-CHCl- (34a, 34b), β,γ-CHF-dCTP (35a, 35b) were obtained. The β,γ-CH(CH3)-dATPs (44a, 44b) were obtained using a methyl (R)-(-)-phenylglycinate auxiliary. 31P and 19F NMR Δδ values are correlated with CXY stereochemistry and pKa2-4 values for 13 CXY-bisphosphonic acids and imidodiphosphonic acid are tabulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Haratipour
- Department of Chemistry, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, University Park Campus, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Corinne Minard
- Department of Chemistry, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, University Park Campus, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Maryam Nakhjiri
- Department of Chemistry, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, University Park Campus, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Amirsoheil Negahbani
- Department of Chemistry, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, University Park Campus, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Brian T Chamberlain
- Department of Chemistry, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, University Park Campus, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Jorge Osuna
- Department of Chemistry, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, University Park Campus, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Thomas G Upton
- Department of Chemistry, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, University Park Campus, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Michelle Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, University Park Campus, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Boris A Kashemirov
- Department of Chemistry, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, University Park Campus, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Charles E McKenna
- Department of Chemistry, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, University Park Campus, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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7
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Menzel S, Demadis KD, Janiak C, Hägele G. The fully deprotonated anion of 1,3,5-benzene-triphosphonic acid: 1H, 31P, and 13C{ 1H} NMR and some comments on corresponding [AX] 3 and AXX′ 2 spin systems and spectra. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2020.1757675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Menzel
- Institut für Anorganische und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Konstantinos D. Demadis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, Crystal Engineering, Growth and Design Laboratory, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerhard Hägele
- Institut für Anorganische und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
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8
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Justyna K, Małolepsza J, Kusy D, Maniukiewicz W, Błażewska KM. The McKenna reaction - avoiding side reactions in phosphonate deprotection. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:1436-1446. [PMID: 32647545 PMCID: PMC7323628 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The McKenna reaction is a well-known and popular method for the efficient and mild synthesis of organophosphorus acids. Bromotrimethylsilane (BTMS) is the main reagent in this reaction, which transforms dialkyl phosphonate esters into bis(trimethylsilyl)esters, which are then easily converted into the target acids. However, the versatile character of the McKenna reaction is not always used to its full extent, due to formation of side products. Herein, demonstrated by using model examples we have not only analyzed the typical side processes accompanying the McKenna reaction, but also uncovered new ones. Further, we discovered that some commonly recommended precautions did not always circumvent the side reactions. The proposed results and recommendations may facilitate the synthesis of phosphonic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Justyna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego St. 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Małolepsza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego St. 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Damian Kusy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego St. 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Waldemar Maniukiewicz
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego St. 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna M Błażewska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego St. 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
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9
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Romanenko VD. α-Heteroatom-substituted gem-Bisphosphonates: Advances in the Synthesis and Prospects for Biomedical Application. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666190401141844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized gem-bisphosphonic acid derivatives being pyrophosphate isosteres are of great synthetic and biological interest since they are currently the most important class of drugs developed for the treatment of diseases associated with the disorder of calcium metabolism, including osteoporosis, Paget’s disease, and hypercalcemia. In this article, we will try to give an in-depth overview of the methods for obtaining α- heteroatom-substituted methylenebisphosphonates and acquaint the reader with the synthetic strategies that are used to develop biologically important compounds of this type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim D. Romanenko
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1-Murmanska Street, Kyiv-94, 02660, Ukraine
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10
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Sevrain CM, Berchel M, Couthon H, Jaffrès PA. Phosphonic acid: preparation and applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2186-2213. [PMID: 29114326 PMCID: PMC5669239 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphonic acid functional group, which is characterized by a phosphorus atom bonded to three oxygen atoms (two hydroxy groups and one P=O double bond) and one carbon atom, is employed for many applications due to its structural analogy with the phosphate moiety or to its coordination or supramolecular properties. Phosphonic acids were used for their bioactive properties (drug, pro-drug), for bone targeting, for the design of supramolecular or hybrid materials, for the functionalization of surfaces, for analytical purposes, for medical imaging or as phosphoantigen. These applications are covering a large panel of research fields including chemistry, biology and physics thus making the synthesis of phosphonic acids a determinant question for numerous research projects. This review gives, first, an overview of the different fields of application of phosphonic acids that are illustrated with studies mainly selected over the last 20 years. Further, this review reports the different methods that can be used for the synthesis of phosphonic acids from dialkyl or diaryl phosphonate, from dichlorophosphine or dichlorophosphine oxide, from phosphonodiamide, or by oxidation of phosphinic acid. Direct methods that make use of phosphorous acid (H3PO3) and that produce a phosphonic acid functional group simultaneously to the formation of the P-C bond, are also surveyed. Among all these methods, the dealkylation of dialkyl phosphonates under either acidic conditions (HCl) or using the McKenna procedure (a two-step reaction that makes use of bromotrimethylsilane followed by methanolysis) constitute the best methods to prepare phosphonic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Sevrain
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Mathieu Berchel
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Hélène Couthon
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Paul-Alain Jaffrès
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
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11
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Paritala H, Suzuki Y, Carroll KS. Design, synthesis and evaluation of Fe-S targeted adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase inhibitors. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2015; 34:199-220. [PMID: 25710356 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2014.978012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase (APR) is an iron-sulfur enzyme that is vital for survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during dormancy and is an attractive target for the treatment of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection. The 4Fe-4S cluster is coordinated to APR by sulfur atoms of four cysteine residues, is proximal to substrate, adenosine 5'-phopsphosulfate (APS), and is essential for catalytic activity. Herein, we present an approach for the development of a new class of APR inhibitors. As an initial step, we have employed an improved solid-phase chemistry method to prepare a series of N(6)-substituted adenosine analogues and their 5'-phosphates as well as adenosine 5'-phosphate diesters bearing different Fe and S binding groups, such as thiols or carboxylic and hydroxamic acid moieties. Evaluation of the resulting compounds indicates a clearly defined spacing requirement between the Fe-S targeting group and adenosine scaffold and that smaller Fe-S targeting groups are better tolerated. Molecular docking analysis suggests that the S atom of the most potent inhibitor may establish a favorable interaction with an S atom in the cluster. In summary, this study showcases an improved solid-phase method that expedites the preparation of adenosine and related 5'-phosphate derivatives and presents a unique Fe-S targeting strategy for the development of APR inhibitors.
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12
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Champagne PA, Desroches J, Hamel JD, Vandamme M, Paquin JF. Monofluorination of Organic Compounds: 10 Years of Innovation. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9073-174. [PMID: 25854146 DOI: 10.1021/cr500706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 673] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pier Alexandre Champagne
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Justine Desroches
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Jean-Denys Hamel
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Mathilde Vandamme
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Jean-François Paquin
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
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13
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Coxon FP, Joachimiak L, Najumudeen AK, Breen G, Gmach J, Oetken-Lindholm C, Way R, Dunford JE, Abankwa D, Błażewska KM. Synthesis and characterization of novel phosphonocarboxylate inhibitors of RGGT. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 84:77-89. [PMID: 25016230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Phosphonocarboxylate (PC) analogs of the anti-osteoporotic drugs, bisphosphonates, represent the first class of selective inhibitors of Rab geranylgeranyl transferase (RabGGTase, RGGT), an enzyme implicated in several diseases including ovarian, breast and skin cancer. Here we present the synthesis and biological characterization of an extended set of this class of compounds, including lipophilic derivatives of the known RGGT inhibitors. From this new panel of PCs, we have identified an inhibitor of RGGT that is of similar potency as the most active published phosphonocarboxylate, but of higher selectivity towards this enzyme compared to prenyl pyrophosphate synthases. New insights into structural requirements are also presented, showing that only PC analogs of the most potent 3rd generation bisphosphonates inhibit RGGT. In addition, the first phosphonocarboxylate-derived GGPPS inhibitor is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser P Coxon
- Musculoskeletal Programme, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB252ZD, UK
| | - Lukasz Joachimiak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Arafath Kaja Najumudeen
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6B, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - George Breen
- Musculoskeletal Programme, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB252ZD, UK
| | - Joanna Gmach
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Rebecca Way
- Musculoskeletal Programme, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB252ZD, UK
| | - James E Dunford
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The Botnar Research Center, UK
| | - Daniel Abankwa
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6B, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Katarzyna M Błażewska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
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14
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Hwang C, Kashemirov BA, McKenna CE. On the observation of discrete fluorine NMR spectra for uridine 5'-β,γ-fluoromethylenetriphosphate diastereomers at basic pH. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5315-9. [PMID: 24819695 PMCID: PMC4059216 DOI: 10.1021/jo500452b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Jakeman et al. recently reported the inability to distinguish the diastereomers of uridine 5'-β,γ-fluoromethylenetriphosphate (β,γ-CHF-UTP, 1) by (19)F NMR under conditions we previously prescribed for the resolution of the corresponding β,γ-CHF-dGTP spectra, stating further that 1 decomposed under these basic conditions. Here we show that the (19)F NMR spectra of 1 (~1:1 diastereomer mixture prepared by coupling of UMP-morpholidate with fluoromethylenebis(phosphonic acid)) in D2O at pH 10 are indeed readily distinguishable. 1 in this solution was stable for 24 h at rt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candy
S. Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, University of
Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Boris A. Kashemirov
- Department of Chemistry, University of
Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Charles E. McKenna
- Department of Chemistry, University of
Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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15
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Jiang F, Zhao Y, Hu J. Selective monofluorination of active methylene compounds: the important role of ZnCl2 in inhibiting overfluorination. Org Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00090k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ZnCl2 effectively facilitates selective monofluorination of methylene compounds by inhibiting the undesired overfluorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanzhou Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanchuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032, China
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16
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Opekar S, Pohl R, Beran P, Rulíšek L, Beier P. Diethyl Fluoronitromethylphosphonate: Synthesis and Application in Nucleophilic Fluoroalkyl Additions. Chemistry 2013; 20:1453-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Wu Y, Zakharova VM, Kashemirov BA, Goodman MF, Batra VK, Wilson SH, McKenna CE. β,γ-CHF- and β,γ-CHCl-dGTP diastereomers: synthesis, discrete 31P NMR signatures, and absolute configurations of new stereochemical probes for DNA polymerases. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:8734-7. [PMID: 22397499 PMCID: PMC3595068 DOI: 10.1021/ja300218x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphate analogues in which the β,γ-bridging oxygen has been replaced with a CXY group are useful chemical probes to investigate DNA polymerase catalytic and base-selection mechanisms. A limitation of such probes has been that conventional synthetic methods generate a mixture of diastereomers when the bridging carbon substitution is nonequivalent (X ≠ Y). We report here a general solution to this long-standing problem with four examples of β,γ-CXY dNTP diastereomers: (S)- and (R)-β,γ-CHCl-dGTP (12a-1/12a-2) and (S)- and (R)-β,γ-CHF-dGTP (12b-1/12b-2). Central to their preparation was conversion of the prochiral parent bisphosphonic acids to the P,C-dimorpholinamide derivatives 7 of their (R)-mandelic acid monoesters, which provided access to the individual diastereomers 7a-1, 7a-2, 7b-1, and 7b-2 by preparative HPLC. Selective acidic hydrolysis of the P-N bond then afforded "portal" diastereomers, which were readily coupled to morpholine-activated dGMP. Removal of the chiral auxiliary by H(2) (Pd/C) gave the four individual diastereomeric nucleotides 12, which were characterized by (31)P, (1)H, and (19)F NMR spectroscopy and by mass spectrometry. After treatment with Chelex-100 to remove traces of paramagnetic ions, at pH ~10 the diastereomer pairs 12a,b exhibit discrete P(α) and P(β)(31)P resonances. The more upfield P(α) and more downfield P(β) resonances (and also the more upfield (19)F NMR resonance in 12b) are assigned to the R configuration at the P(β)-CHX-P(γ) carbons on the basis of the absolute configurations of the individual diastereomers as determined from the X-ray crystallographic structures of their ternary complexes with DNA and polymerase β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Valeria M. Zakharova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Boris A. Kashemirov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Myron F. Goodman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Vinod K. Batra
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Samuel H. Wilson
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Charles E. McKenna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
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18
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Chamberlain BT, Upton TG, Kashemirov BA, McKenna CE. α-Azido bisphosphonates: synthesis and nucleotide analogues. J Org Chem 2011; 76:5132-6. [PMID: 21462930 PMCID: PMC3112310 DOI: 10.1021/jo200045a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first examples of α-azido bisphosphonates [(RO)(2)P(O)](2)CXN(3) (1, R = i-Pr, X = Me; 2, R = i-Pr, X = H; 3, R = H, X = Me; 4, R = H, X = H) and corresponding β,γ-CXN(3) dGTP (5-6) and α,β-CXN(3) dATP (7-8) analogues are described. The individual diastereomers of 7 (7a/b) were obtained by HPLC separation of the dADP synthetic precursor (14a/b).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Chamberlain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0744, USA
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19
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Chougrani K, Niel G, Boutevin B, David G. Regioselective ester cleavage during the preparation of bisphosphonate methacrylate monomers. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:364-8. [PMID: 21512600 PMCID: PMC3079116 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
New functional monomers bearing a methacrylate, a bisphosphonate function and, for most, an internal carboxylate group, were prepared for incorporation into copolymers with adhesive or anticorrosive properties. Methanolysis of some trimethylsilyl bisphosphonate esters not only deprotects the desired bisphosphonate function but also regioselectively cleaves the alkyl ester function without affecting the methacrylate ester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Chougrani
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR 5253 CNRS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, 8, rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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20
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Radwan-Olszewska K, Palacios F, Kafarski P. Selective synthesis of α-fluoro-β-keto- and α-fluoro-β-aminophosphonates via electrophilic fluorination by selectfluor. J Org Chem 2011; 76:1170-3. [PMID: 21244062 DOI: 10.1021/jo102276y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of α-mono- and α,α-difluoro-β-ketophosphonates were synthesized in moderate to good yields with excellent selectivities via electrophilic fluorination by Selectfluor. Subsequently, synthetic potential of the obtained α-monofluoro-β-ketophosphonates was demonstrated by their application in synthesis of α-monofluoro-β-aminophosphonates, useful building blocks in the preparation of phosphapeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Radwan-Olszewska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
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21
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Bala JLF, Kashemirov BA, McKenna CE. Synthesis of a Novel Bisphosphonic Acid Alkene Monomer. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910903531706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joy Lynn F. Bala
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Boris A. Kashemirov
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Charles E. McKenna
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California, USA
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22
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Upton TG, Kashemirov BA, McKenna CE, Goodman MF, Prakash GKS, Kultyshev R, Batra VK, Shock DD, Pedersen LC, Beard WA, Wilson SH. Alpha,beta-difluoromethylene deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphates: a convenient synthesis of useful probes for DNA polymerase beta structure and function. Org Lett 2009; 11:1883-6. [PMID: 19351147 PMCID: PMC2722935 DOI: 10.1021/ol701755k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alpha,beta-difluoromethylene deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphates (dNTPs, N = A or C) are advantageously obtained via phosphorylation of corresponding dNDP analogues using catalytic ATP, PEP, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, and pyruvate kinase. DNA pol beta K(d) values for the alpha,beta-CF(2) and unmodified dNTPs, alpha,beta-NH dUTP, and the alpha,beta-CH(2) analogues of dATP and dGTP are discussed in relation to the conformations of alpha,beta-CF(2) dTTP versus alpha,beta-NH dUTP bound into the enzyme active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Upton
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Boris A. Kashemirov
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Charles E. McKenna
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Myron F. Goodman
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - G. K. Surya Prakash
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Roman Kultyshev
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Vinod K. Batra
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - David D. Shock
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Lars C. Pedersen
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - William A. Beard
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Samuel H. Wilson
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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23
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McKenna CE, Kashemirov BA, Upton TG, Batra VK, Goodman MF, Pedersen LC, Beard WA, Wilson SH. (R)-beta,gamma-fluoromethylene-dGTP-DNA ternary complex with DNA polymerase beta. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:15412-3. [PMID: 18031037 PMCID: PMC2677377 DOI: 10.1021/ja072127v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles E McKenna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.
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24
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Marma MS, Xia Z, Stewart C, Coxon F, Dunford JE, Baron R, Kashemirov BA, Ebetino FH, Triffitt JT, Russell RGG, McKenna CE. Synthesis and biological evaluation of alpha-halogenated bisphosphonate and phosphonocarboxylate analogues of risedronate. J Med Chem 2007; 50:5967-75. [PMID: 17975902 DOI: 10.1021/jm0702884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-halogenated analogues of the anti-resorptive bisphosphonate risedronate (5, Ris) and its phosphonocarboxylate cognate (7, 3-PEHPC) were synthesized and compared with 5, 7, and the corresponding desoxy analogues in bone mineral affinity and mevalonate pathway inhibition assays. The Ris (5e-h) and 3-PEHPC (7e-h) analogues had decreased bone mineral affinity, confirming that the alpha-OH group in 5 and 7 enhances bone affinity. The 5 alpha-halo-analogues potently inhibited farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) with IC50 values from 16 (alpha-F) to 340 (alpha-Br) nM (5, 6 nM). In contrast, 7 alpha-halo-analogues were ineffective versus FPPS (IC50 > 600 microM), but inhibited Rab geranylgeranyl transferase (RGGT) (IC50 = 16-35 microM) similarly to 7 itself (IC50 = 24 microM). The alpha-F analogue 7e was 1-2 times as active as 7 in J774 cell viability and Rab11 prenylation inhibition assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mong S Marma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0744, USA
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25
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Romanenko VD, Kukhar VP. Fluorinated phosphonates: synthesis and biomedical application. Chem Rev 2007; 106:3868-935. [PMID: 16967924 DOI: 10.1021/cr051000q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim D Romanenko
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine, 1 Murmanska Street, Kyiv-94 02660, Ukraine
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