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Anti–Zika Virus Activity and Isolation of Flavonoids from Ethanol Extracts of Curatella americana L. Leaves. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062546. [PMID: 36985517 PMCID: PMC10054362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The ethnomedicinal plant Curatella americana L. (Dilleniaceae) is a common shrub in the Brazilian Cerrado, whose ethanolic extract showed significant in vitro anti–Zika virus activity by the MTT colorimetric method. Currently, there is no drug in clinical use specifically for the treatment of this virus; therefore, in this work, the antiviral and cytotoxic properties of the ethanolic extract, fractions, and compounds were evaluated. The ethanolic extract of the leaves showed no cytotoxicity for the human MRC-5 cell and was moderately cytotoxic for the Vero cell (CC50 161.5 ± 2.01 µg/mL). This extract inhibited the Zika virus multiplication cycle with an EC50 of 85.2 ± 1.65 µg/mL. This extract was fractionated using the liquid–liquid partition technique, and the ethyl acetate fraction showed significant activity against the Zika virus with an EC50 of 40.7 ± 2.33 µg/mL. From the ethyl acetate fraction, the flavonoids quercetin-3-O-hexosylgallate (1), quercetin-3-O-glucoside (2), and quercetin (5) were isolated, and in addition to these compounds, a mixture of quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (3) and quercetin-3-O-arabinoside (4) was also obtained. The isolated compounds quercetin and quercetin-3-O-hexosylgallate inhibited the viral cytopathic effect at an EC50 of 18.6 ± 2.8 and 152.8 ± 2.0, respectively. Additionally, analyses by liquid chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer allowed the identification of another 24 minor phenolic constituents present in the ethanolic extract and in the ethyl acetate fraction of this species.
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Mahata D, Mukherjee D, Duraivelan K, Malviya V, Parida P, Mukherjee G. Targeting ‘immunogenic hotspots’ in Dengue and Zika virus: an in silico approach to a common vaccine candidate. Future Virol 2023. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Aim: Dengue and Zika viruses cause significant mortality globally. Considering high sequence similarity between the viral proteins, we designed common multi-epitope vaccine candidates against these pathogens. Methods: We identified multiple T and B cell epitope-rich conserved ‘immunogenic hotspots’ from highly antigenic and phylogenetically related viral proteins and used these to design the multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) candidates, ensuring high global population coverage. Results: Four MEV candidates containing conserved immunogenic hotspots from E and NS5 proteins with the highest structural integrity could favorably interact with TLR4-MD2 complex in molecular docking studies, indicating activation of TLR-mediated immune responses. MEVs also induced memory responses in silico, hallmarks of a good vaccine candidate. Conclusion: Conserved immunogenic hotspots can be utilized to design cross-protective MEV candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhrubajyoti Mahata
- School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Debangshu Mukherjee
- School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Kheerthana Duraivelan
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Vanshika Malviya
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Pratap Parida
- School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Gayatri Mukherjee
- School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
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Vaziri S, Pour SH, Akrami-Mohajeri F. Zika virus as an emerging arbovirus of international public health concern. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2022; 13:341-351. [DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) was identified in 1947 in a rhesus monkey during an investigation of the yellow fever virus in the Zika Forest of Uganda; it was also isolated later from humans in Nigeria. The main distribution areas of ZIKV were the African mainland and South-East Asia in the 1980s, Micronesia in 2007, and more recently the Americas in 2014. ZIKV belongs to the Flaviviridae family and Flavivirus genus. ZIKV infection, which is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, is an emerging arbovirus disease. The clinical symptoms of ZIKV infection are fever, headache, rashes, arthralgia, and conjunctivitis, which clinically resemble dengue fever syndrome. Sometimes, ZIKV infection has been associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome and microcephaly. At the end of 2015, following an increase in cases of ZIKV infection associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome and microcephaly in newborns in Brazil, the World Health Organization declared a global emergency. Therefore, considering the global distribution and pathogenic nature of this virus, the current study aimed at reviewing the virologic features, transmission patterns, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of ZIKV infection.
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de Jesus Santos A, Macêdo NA, de Holanda Cavalcanti SC, Sarmento VHV, Moreira Lira AA, Dos Santos CP, La Corte Santos R, Souza Nunes RD. Larvicidal formulation containing N-tosylindole: A viable alternative to chemical control of Aedes aegypti. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 213:112380. [PMID: 35151995 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is currently a major public health problem. This mosquito is responsible for the spread of infectious diseases that have been causing epidemics worldwide. Surfactant-stabilized systems, such as microemulsions, liquid-crystalline precursors and liquid crystals, are promising sustained delivery formulations of hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances. These systems are biocompatible water-soluble reservoirs for N-tosylindole exhibiting biological activity against Aedes aegypti Linn. (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae. The ternary diagram displayed four regions: microemulsion (ME), liquid crystal (LC), emulsion (EM) and phase separation (PS). PLM and SAXS distinguished microemulsions, lamellar and hexagonal phase liquid crystals. The system had a lethal concentration of 50% (LC50 = 0.1 ppm, 0.36 µM) lower than pure N-tosylindole (0.24 ppm, 0.88 µM), which has limitations in aqueous media. Furthermore, the formulation displayed no toxicity to Artemia sp., a non-target organism. The system exhibited excellent larvicidal activity as an alternative to commercial larvicides that have shown resistance and toxicity to the environment by Ae. aegypti larvae due to prolonged use. In addition, a two-fold increase in potency was observed.
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Suleman S, Farooqui A, Sharma P, Malhotra N, Yadav N, Narang J, Hasnain MS, Nayak AK. Borderline microscopic organism and lockdown impacted across the borders-global shakers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:8091-8108. [PMID: 34841487 PMCID: PMC8627845 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17641-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are the potential cause of several diseases including novel corona virus-19, flu, small pox, chicken pox, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, severe acute respiratory syndrome etc. The objectives of this review article are to summarize the reasons behind the epidemics caused by several emerging viruses and bacteria, how to control the infection and preventive strategies. We have explained the causes of epidemics along with their preventive measures, the impact of lockdown on the health of people and the economy of a country. Several reports have revealed the transmission of infection during epidemic from the contact of an infected person to the public that can be prevented by implementing the lockdown by the government of a country. Though lockdown has been considered as one of the significant parameters to control the diseases, however, it has some negative consequences on the health of people as they can be more prone to other ailments like obesity, diabetes, cardiac problems etc. and drastic decline in the economy of a country. Therefore, the transmission of diseases can be prevented by warning the people about the severity of diseases, avoiding their public transportation, keeping themselves isolated, strictly following the guidelines of lockdown and encouraging regular exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shariq Suleman
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Asim Farooqui
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Pradakshina Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Nitesh Malhotra
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research & Studies, Faridabad, India
| | - Neelam Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Sonepat (Haryana), Murthal, 131039, India
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak (Haryana), 124001, India
| | - Jagriti Narang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Md Saquib Hasnain
- Department of Pharmacy, Palamau Institute of Pharmacy, Chianki, Daltonganj, Jharkhand, 822102, India.
| | - Amit Kumar Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Seemanta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jharpokharia, Mayurbhanj, Odisha, 757086, India
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Ribeiro MO, Godoy DT, Fontana-Maurell M, Costa EM, Andrade EF, Rocha DR, Ferreira AGP, Brindeiro R, Tanuri A, Alvarez P. Analytical and clinical performance of molecular assay used by the Brazilian public laboratory network to detect and discriminate Zika, Dengue and Chikungunya viruses in blood. Braz J Infect Dis 2021; 25:101542. [PMID: 33587923 PMCID: PMC9392074 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2021.101542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to the Zika epidemics in Brazil, the ZDC molecular assay (Bio-Manguinhos) was developed and registered at the Brazilian Regulatory Agency of Health Surveillance - ANVISA. The circulation of Zika (ZIKV) Dengue (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses and their clinical similarities are challenges to correctly diagnose these viruses. The simultaneous detection of ZIKV, DENV and CHIKV is an important tool for diagnosis and surveillance. Here, we present the analytical and clinical performance evaluation of ZDC molecular assay (Bio-Manguinhos) at the public health laboratories three years after its registration at ANVISA. The clinical performance demonstrates the ZDC molecular assay (Bio-Manguinhos) has 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity to detect and discriminate ZIKV, CHIKV, and DENV from clinical plasma samples. The ZDC molecular assay (Bio-Manguinhos) results were highly reproducible and no cross-reactivity was seen during testing with a panel of other infectious agents. In conclusion, the ZDC molecular assay (Bio-Manguinhos) is an accurate and reliable tool to monitor Zika, dengue and chikungunya infections in countries like Brazil with simultaneous circulation of the three viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa O Ribeiro
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Fiocruz, Institute of Technology in Immunobiology Bio-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniela T Godoy
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Fiocruz, Institute of Technology in Immunobiology Bio-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcela Fontana-Maurell
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Fiocruz, Institute of Technology in Immunobiology Bio-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elaine M Costa
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Fiocruz, Institute of Technology in Immunobiology Bio-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elisabete F Andrade
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Fiocruz, Institute of Technology in Immunobiology Bio-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniele R Rocha
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Fiocruz, Institute of Technology in Immunobiology Bio-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antônio G P Ferreira
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Fiocruz, Institute of Technology in Immunobiology Bio-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Brindeiro
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Amilcar Tanuri
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Alvarez
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Fiocruz, Institute of Technology in Immunobiology Bio-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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do Amaral YNDV, Malacarne J, Brandão PG, Brasil P, Nielsen-Saines K, Moreira MEL. Time to Evaluate the Clinical Repercussions of Zika Virus Vertical Transmission? A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:699115. [PMID: 34526920 PMCID: PMC8435783 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.699115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vertical transmission of Zika Virus (ZIKV) can be associated with several clinical features in newborn infants. The goal of the present review was to analyze the current state of knowledge regarding clinical repercussions following perinatal exposure to ZIKV in children up to 3 years of age. Methods: A systematic review of published studies was carried out, without the restriction of language or date of publication, identified in the databases PubMed, Virtual Health Library (BVS), Scopus, and Web of Science and the catalog for CAPES theses and dissertations. According to the proposed flowchart, the bibliographic search resulted in 1,563 papers. Of these, according to the eligibility criteria, 70 were selected for systematic review; all were published between 2016 and 2021. Results: Regarding clinical findings, 19 papers evaluated clinical imaging alterations, 21 ophthalmic manifestations, and 39 evaluated the central nervous system; of these, 15 analyzed neuro-psychomotor development. The remainder evaluated audiological (n = 14), nutritional (n = 14), orthopedic (n = 7), cardiorespiratory (n = 5), genitourinary (n = 3) or endocrinological (n = 1) manifestations. Conclusion: It is critical for studies to continue monitoring children with antenatal ZIKV exposure as they grow, given the unknown long-term repercussions of ZIKV and the recognized postnatal complications of this infection during pregnancy. Broader descriptions of observed clinical findings are also important in order to characterize the entire spectrum of disease in children. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO REGISTER: CRD42020205947.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jocieli Malacarne
- Department of Pediatrics, Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Brasil
- Department of Acute Febrile Illnesses, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karin Nielsen-Saines
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Silva NM, Santos NC, Martins IC. Dengue and Zika Viruses: Epidemiological History, Potential Therapies, and Promising Vaccines. Trop Med Infect Dis 2020; 5:E150. [PMID: 32977703 PMCID: PMC7709709 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed5040150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV), which can lead to fatal hemorrhagic fever, affects 390 million people worldwide. The closely related Zika virus (ZIKV) causes microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Both viruses are mostly transmitted by Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which, due to globalization of trade and travel alongside climate change, are spreading worldwide, paving the way to DENV and ZIKV transmission and the occurrence of new epidemics. Local outbreaks have already occurred in temperate climates, even in Europe. As there are no specific treatments, these viruses are an international public health concern. Here, we analyze and discuss DENV and ZIKV outbreaks history, clinical and pathogenesis features, and modes of transmission, supplementing with information on advances on potential therapies and restraining measures. Taking advantage of the knowledge of the structure and biological function of the capsid (C) protein, a relatively conserved protein among flaviviruses, within a genus that includes DENV and ZIKV, we designed and patented a new drug lead, pep14-23 (WO2008/028939A1). It was demonstrated that it inhibits the interaction of DENV C protein with the host lipid system, a process essential for viral replication. Such an approach can be used to develop new therapies for related viruses, such as ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuno C. Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Ivo C. Martins
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
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MacLeod HJ, Dimopoulos G. Detailed Analyses of Zika Virus Tropism in Culex quinquefasciatus Reveal Systemic Refractoriness. mBio 2020; 11:e01765-20. [PMID: 32817107 PMCID: PMC7439479 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01765-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of Culex quinquefasciatus in Zika virus transmission has been debated since the epidemic of Zika occurred in the Americas in 2015 to 2016. The majority of studies have found no evidence that C. quinquefasciatus or other Culex species are competent vectors of Zika virus, and the few studies that have proposed Zika vector status for C. quinquefasciatus have relied predominantly on quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) for viral detection. We assessed the infectious range of pre- and post-epidemic Zika virus isolates in order to classify mosquito samples based on titer infectiousness and demonstrated that two strains of C. quinquefasciatus, including one previously found to be competent, are highly resistant to infection with these Zika isolates compared to Aedes aegypti and are not competent for virus transmission. Further dissection of the dynamics of Zika exposure in both A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus revealed that while virus transmission by C. quinquefasciatus is blocked at the levels of the midgut and salivary glands, viral RNA persists in these tissues for prolonged periods post-exposure. We assessed Zika entry dynamics in both Aedes and Culex cells, and our results suggest that Zika virus infection in Culex cells may be blocked downstream of cell entry. These findings strongly suggest that C. quinquefasciatus is not a vector of Zika virus and additionally inform the use of qRT-PCR in vector competence assays as well as our understanding of barriers to arbovirus infection in non-susceptible mosquito species.IMPORTANCE Understanding which mosquito species transmit an emerging arbovirus is critical to effective vector control. During the Zika virus epidemic in 2015 to 2016, Aedes mosquitoes were confirmed as vectors. However, studies addressing the vector status of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes presented conflicting evidence and remain an outstanding source of confusion in the field. Here, we established a robust cell-based assay to identify infectious titers of Zika virus and assessed the virus titers in C. quinquefasciatus by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). We found that while low levels of virus were detected in C. quinquefasciatus, these titers did not correspond to infectious virus, and these mosquitoes did not transmit virus in the saliva. We also present evidence that the virus may enter Culex cells before infection is disrupted. Our findings are important for future studies incriminating vector species using qRT-PCR for virus detection and offer new information on how virus transmission is blocked by mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J MacLeod
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - George Dimopoulos
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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An antibody panel for highly specific detection and differentiation of Zika virus. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11906. [PMID: 32681135 PMCID: PMC7367842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68635-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitos. ZIKV can be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy and can cause microcephaly and other birth defects. Effective vaccines for Zika are yet to be approved. Detection of the ZIKV is based on serological testing that often shows cross-reactivity with the Dengue virus (DENV) and other flaviviruses. We aimed to assemble a highly specific anti-Zika antibody panel to be utilized in the development of a highly specific and cost-effective ZIKV rapid quantification assay for viral load monitoring at point-of-care settings. To this end, we tested the affinity and specificity of twenty one commercially available monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against ZIKV and DENV envelope proteins utilizing nine ZIKV and twelve DENV strains. We finalized and tested a panel of five antibodies for the specific detection and differentiation of ZIKV and DENV infected samples.
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Jeong HJ, Jimenez Z, Mukhambetiyar K, Seo M, Choi JW, Park TE. Engineering Human Brain Organoids: From Basic Research to Tissue Regeneration. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 17:747-757. [PMID: 32329023 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00250-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain organoids are self-organized from human pluripotent stem cells and developed into various brain region following the developmental process of brain. Brain organoids provide promising approach for studying brain development process and neurological diseases and for tissue regeneration. METHODS In this review, we summarized the development of brain organoids technology, potential applications focusing on disease modeling for regeneration medicine, and multidisciplinary approaches to overcome current limitations of the technology. RESULTS Generations of brain organoids are categorized into two major classes by depending on the patterning method. In order to guide the differentiation into specific brain region, the extrinsic factors such as growth factors, small molecules, and biomaterials are actively studied. For better modelling of diseases with brain organoids and clinical application for tissue regeneration, improvement of the brain organoid maturation is one of the most important steps. CONCLUSION Brain organoids have potential to develop into an innovative platform for pharmacological studies and tissue engineering. However, they are not identical replicas of their in vivo counterpart and there are still a lot of limitations to move forward to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Jeong
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Zuly Jimenez
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Karakoz Mukhambetiyar
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwook Seo
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Won Choi
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Eun Park
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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Kazmi SS, Ali W, Bibi N, Nouroz F. A review on Zika virus outbreak, epidemiology, transmission and infection dynamics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:5. [PMID: 32158705 PMCID: PMC7057477 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-020-00115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a newly emergent relative of the Flaviviridae family and linked to dengue (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIVKV). ZIKV is one of the rising pathogens promptly surpassing geographical borders. ZIKV infection was characterized by mild disease with fever, headache, rash, arthralgia and conjunctivitis, with exceptional reports of an association with Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS) and microcephaly. However, since the end of 2015, an increase in the number of GBS associated cases and an astonishing number of microcephaly in fetus and new-borns in Brazil have been related to ZIKV infection, raising serious worldwide public health concerns. ZIKV is transmitted by the bite of infected female mosquitoes of Aedes species. Clarifying such worrisome relationships is, thus, a current unavoidable goal. Here, we extensively described the current understanding of the effects of ZIKV on heath, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment options based on modern, alternative and complementary medicines regarding the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Sidra Kazmi
- 1Department of Bioinformatics, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ali
- 1Department of Bioinformatics, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Nousheen Bibi
- 1Department of Bioinformatics, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Nouroz
- 1Department of Bioinformatics, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan.,2Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan
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Pinchoff J, Serino A, Merritt AP, Hunter G, Silva M, Parikh P, Hewett PC. Evidence-Based Process for Prioritizing Positive Behaviors for Promotion: Zika Prevention in Latin America and the Caribbean and Applicability to Future Health Emergency Responses. GLOBAL HEALTH: SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2019; 7:404-417. [PMID: 31558597 PMCID: PMC6816817 DOI: 10.9745/ghsp-d-19-00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
To maximize the impact of Zika prevention programming efforts, a prioritization process for social and behavior change programming was developed based on a combination of research evidence and programmatic experience. Prioritized behaviors were: application of mosquito repellent, use of condoms, removing unintentional standing water, covering and scrubbing walls of water storage containers, seeking prenatal care, and seeking counseling on family planning if not planning to get pregnant. Since the 2015 Zika outbreak in Latin America and the Caribbean, a plethora of behavior change messages have been promoted to reduce Zika transmission. One year after the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) initiated its Zika response, more than 30 variants of preventive behaviors were being promoted. This situation challenged social and behavior change (SBC) programming efforts that require a coordinated response and agreed upon set of focus behaviors to be effective. To support USAID implementing partners in harmonizing prevention efforts to reduce Zika infection, we developed an evidence-based process to identify behaviors with the highest potential to reduce Zika infection and transmission. We compiled a full list of behaviors and selected the most promising for a full evidence review. The review included systematic keyword searches on Google Scholar, extraction of all relevant published articles on Aedes-borne diseases between 2012 and 2018, review of seminal papers, and review of gray literature. We examined articles to determine each behavior's potential effectiveness in preventing Zika transmission or reducing the Aedes aegypti population. We also developed assessment criteria to delineate the ease with which the target population could adopt each behavior, including: (1) required frequency; (2) feasibility of the behavior; and (3) accessibility and cost of the necessary materials in the setting. These behaviors were refined through a consensus-building process with USAID's Zika implementing partners, considering contextual factors. The resulting 7 evidence-based preventive behaviors have high potential to strengthen SBC programming's impact in USAID's Zika response: (1) apply mosquito repellent, (2) use condoms during pregnancy, (3) remove standing water, (4) cover water storage containers, (5) clean/remove mosquito eggs from water containers, (6) seek antenatal care, and (7) seek family planning counseling. This case study documents a flexible process that can be adapted to inform the prioritization of behaviors when there is limited evidence available, as during many emergency responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arianna Serino
- United States Agency for International Development, Washington DC, USA
| | | | - Gabrielle Hunter
- Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, Baltimore MD, USA
| | | | - Priya Parikh
- Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, Baltimore MD, USA
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14
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Abdul-Ghani R, Mahdy MAK, Al-Eryani SMA, Fouque F, Lenhart AE, Alkwri A, Al-Mikhlafi AM, Wilke ABB, Thabet AAQ, Beier JC. Impact of population displacement and forced movements on the transmission and outbreaks of Aedes-borne viral diseases: Dengue as a model. Acta Trop 2019; 197:105066. [PMID: 31226251 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Population displacement and other forced movement patterns following natural disasters, armed conflicts or due to socioeconomic reasons contribute to the global emergence of Aedes-borne viral disease epidemics. In particular, dengue epidemiology is critically affected by situations of displacement and forced movement patterns, particularly within and across borders. In this respect, waves of human movements have been a major driver for the changing epidemiology and outbreaks of the disease on local, regional and global scales. Both emerging dengue autochthonous transmission and outbreaks in countries known to be non-endemic and co-circulation and hyperendemicity with multiple dengue virus serotypes have led to the emergence of severe disease forms such as dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. This paper reviews the emergence of dengue outbreaks driven by population displacement and forced movements following natural disasters and conflicts within the context of regional and sub-regional groupings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashad Abdul-Ghani
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen; Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen.
| | - Mohammed A K Mahdy
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen; Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Samira M A Al-Eryani
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Florence Fouque
- UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Audrey E Lenhart
- Center for Global Health/Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria/Entomology Branch, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Abdulsamad Alkwri
- Integrated Vector Management Unit, National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Public Health and Population, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Abdulsalam M Al-Mikhlafi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - André B B Wilke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ahmed A Q Thabet
- Neglected Tropical Diseases and Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Department, WHO Office, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - John C Beier
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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15
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Pilot E, Nittas V, Murthy GVS. The Organization, Implementation, and Functioning of Dengue Surveillance in India-A Systematic Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16040661. [PMID: 30813470 PMCID: PMC6407027 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16040661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dengue´s re-emerging epidemiology poses a major global health threat. In India, dengue contributes significantly to the global communicable disease burden, and has been declared highly endemic. This study aims to identify and critically appraise India's dengue surveillance system. We conducted a systematic literature review, searching Medline, Web of Sciences, Global Health, and Indian Journals. We conducted a narrative synthesis and thematic analysis. Eighteen studies fulfilled eligibility. Organizationally, most studies referred to the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, primarily responsible for overall vector and disease control, as well as the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme, responsible for reporting, outbreak identification, and integration. Surveillance implementation was mostly framed as passive, sentinel, and hospital-based. Reporting varies from weekly to monthly, flowing from primary healthcare centres to district and national authorities. Dengue confirmation is only recognized if conducted with government-distributed MAC-ELISA tests. The surveillance system predominantly relies on public reporting units. In terms of functioning, current surveillance seems to have improved dengue reporting as well the system's detection capacities. Emergency and outbreak responses are often described as timely; however, they are challenged by underreporting, weak data reliability, lack of private reporting, and system fragmentation. Concluding, India's dengue surveillance structure remains weak. Efforts to create an infrastructure of communication, cooperation, and integration are evident, however, not achieved yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pilot
- Department of Health, Ethics and Society, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229HA Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Maastricht Centre for Global Health, Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, 6229HA Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Vasileios Nittas
- Department of Health, Ethics and Society, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229HA Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Gudlavalleti Venkata S Murthy
- Public Health Foundation India, Indian Institute of Public Health Hyderabad, Telangana 500033, India.
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
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16
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Woon YL, Lim MF, Tg Abd Rashid TR, Thayan R, Chidambaram SK, Syed Abdul Rahim SS, Mudin RN, Sivasampu S. Zika virus infection in Malaysia: an epidemiological, clinical and virological analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:152. [PMID: 30760239 PMCID: PMC6375198 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3786-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major outbreak of the Zika virus (ZIKV) has been reported in Brazil in 2015. Since then, it spread further to other countries in the Americas and resulted in declaration of the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by World Health Organization. In 2016, Singapore reported its first minor ZIKV epidemic. Malaysia shares similar ecological environment as Brazil and Singapore which may also favor ZIKV transmission. However, no ZIKV outbreak has been reported in Malaysia to date. This study aimed to discuss all confirmed ZIKV cases captured under Malaysia ZIKV surveillance system after declaration of the PHEIC; and explore why Malaysia did not suffer a similar ZIKV outbreak as the other two countries. METHODS This was an observational study reviewing all confirmed ZIKV cases detected in Malaysia through the ZIKV clinical surveillance and Flavivirus laboratory surveillance between June 2015 and December 2017. All basic demographic characteristics, co-morbidities, clinical, laboratory and outcome data of the confirmed ZIKV cases were collected from the source documents. RESULTS Only eight out of 4043 cases tested positive for ZIKV infection during that period. The median age of infected patients was 48.6 years and majority was Chinese. Two of the subjects were pregnant. The median interval between the onset of disease and the first detection of ZIKV Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) in body fluid was 3 days. Six cases had ZIKV RNA detected in both serum and urine samples. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that isolates from the 7 cases of ZIKV infection came from two clusters, both of which were local circulating strains. CONCLUSION Despite similar ecological background characteristics, Malaysia was not as affected by the recent ZIKV outbreak compared to Brazil and Singapore. This could be related to pre-existing immunity against ZIKV in this population, which developed after the first introduction of the ZIKV in Malaysia decades ago. A serosurvey to determine the seroprevalence of ZIKV in Malaysia was carried out in 2017. The differences in circulating ZIKV strains could be another reason as to why Malaysia seemed to be protected from an outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang Woon
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, National Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Level 2, Block B4, National Institute of Health, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Mei Fong Lim
- Healthcare Statistics Unit, National Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Level 4, Block B4, National Institute of Health, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Tg Rogayah Tg Abd Rashid
- Virology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ravindran Thayan
- Virology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suresh Kumar Chidambaram
- Department of General Medicine, Hospital Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | | | - Rose Nani Mudin
- Sector of Vector-Borne Disease, Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 62590, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Sheamini Sivasampu
- Healthcare Statistics Unit, National Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Level 4, Block B4, National Institute of Health, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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17
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Tricot T, Helsen N, Kaptein SJF, Neyts J, Verfaillie CM. Human stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells support Zika virus replication and provide a relevant model to assess the efficacy of potential antivirals. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209097. [PMID: 30566505 PMCID: PMC6300258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy has been extensively linked to microcephaly in newborns. High levels of ZIKV RNA were, however, also detected in mice and non-human primates in organs other than the brain, such as the liver. As ZIKV is a flavivirus closely related to the dengue and yellow fever virus, which are known to cause hepatitis, we here examined whether human hepatocytes are susceptible to ZIKV infection. We demonstrated that both human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) and the Huh7 hepatoma cell line support the complete ZIKV replication cycle. Of three antiviral molecules that inhibit ZIKV infection in Vero cells, only 7-deaza-2'-C-methyladenosine (7DMA) inhibited ZIKV replication in hPSC-HLCs, while all drugs inhibited ZIKV infection in Huh7 cells. ZIKV-infected hPSC-HLCs but not Huh7 cells mounted an innate immune and NFκβ response, which may explain the more extensive cytopathic effect observed in Huh7 cells. In conclusion, ZIKV productively infects human hepatocytes in vitro. However, significant differences in the innate immune response against ZIKV and antiviral drug sensitivity were observed when comparing hPSC-HLCs and hepatoma cells, highlighting the need to assess ZIKV infection as well as antiviral activity not only in hepatoma cells, but also in more physiologically relevant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Tricot
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicky Helsen
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Suzanne J F Kaptein
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Neyts
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
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18
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Tavakoli A, Esghaei M, Karbalaie Niya MH, Marjani A, Tabibzadeh A, Karimzadeh M, Monavari SH. A comprehensive review of Zika virus infection. THE JOURNAL OF QAZVIN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/qums.22.5.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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19
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Lei Y, Takeda K, Yu L. Impaired heterologous protein-protein interaction is an essential cause for non-viability of WNV/DENV recombinants. Virology 2018; 524:140-150. [PMID: 30195251 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Flavivirus RNA replication starts at 3'-end, where it folds into a highly conserved stem-loop structure. We attempted to identify the viral non-structural proteins (NSPs) that might specifically interact with the 3'-stemloop (3'SL) through a genetic approach. WNV/DENV2 chimeric recombinants that contain Dengue2 (DENV2) gene(s) in West Nile virus (WNV) backbone were tested for replication competence. Three of seven recombinant viruses, containing the DENV2 NS1, NS2A, or NS4B gene and terminated with a mutated 3'SL (MutC 3'SL), were viable. Of these three, only those bearing the DENV2 NS1 and NS2A substitutions remained infectious when the MutC 3'SL was replaced by the wildtype WNV 3'SL. However, none of the seven chimeric recombinants bearing the DENV2 3'SL were viable. We then investigated the causes for failed replication of WNV/DENV2 chimeric recombinants. Proteolytic cleavage of NS polyproteins was defective by heterologous protease NS2B/3, but was efficient by homologous DENV2 NS2B/3 protease. Whereas, the heterologous polyproteins that contained DENV2 homologous protease were found to produce abnormal vesicles. WNV/DENV2 recombinants expressing the DENV2 homologous protease did not produce infectious virus either. We examined NS protein-protein interaction (PPI) and found that heterologous PPI (hPPI) between WNV and DENV2 NSPs were impaired to various degrees. Insufficient PPIs occurred mainly between heterologous NS2B and NS3; NS2B and NS4A; NS3 and NS5, correlating to those non-viability of substitution mutants. Our results indicate that impaired PPI may decrease protease activity and affect vesicle formation, and is the essential cause for non-viability of the WNV/DENV2 recombinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfen Lei
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; Department of Microbiology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 17 Changle Xilu, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China
| | - Kazuyo Takeda
- Microscopy and Imaging Core Facility, Office of Vaccines Research and Review Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Li Yu
- Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
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20
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Karkhah A, Nouri HR, Javanian M, Koppolu V, Masrour-Roudsari J, Kazemi S, Ebrahimpour S. Zika virus: epidemiology, clinical aspects, diagnosis, and control of infection. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 37:2035-2043. [PMID: 30167886 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-018-3354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging pathogen of huge public health significance to human beings. Although majority of infections are benign with self-limiting symptoms, the recent outbreak has established an association with the increased incidence of some congenital anomalies such as microcephaly. In other words, due to the large extent of the virus and mosquito vectors, the infection has become a thoughtful health problem for human societies, though now, there are no antiviral therapies or vaccines against this virus. In spite of extensive research carried out by scientists, not so much information has been gathered about this viral infection. In the current review, we prepared an overview of the remarkable progress made in understanding about the epidemiology, immunology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis methods of ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Karkhah
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nouri
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mostafa Javanian
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Veerendra Koppolu
- Scientist Biopharmaceutical Development Medimmune, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Jila Masrour-Roudsari
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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21
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Wu W, Wang J, Yu N, Yan J, Zhuo Z, Chen M, Su X, Fang M, He S, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Ge S, Xia N. Development of multiplex real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay for simultaneous detection of Zika, dengue, yellow fever, and chikungunya viruses in a single tube. J Med Virol 2018; 90:1681-1686. [PMID: 29979812 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), dengue virus (DENV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and yellow fever virus (YFV) share the same mosquito vectors and have similar clinical manifestations early stage of infection. Therefore, simultaneously differentiating these viruses from each other is necessary. We developed a multiplex real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for the differentiation of these four viruses in a single tube. The linear range was established by regression analysis, and the R2 value for each virus was ≥0.98, and the 95% lower limit of detection for each virus was as follows (copies/reaction): ZIKV-Asian, 9; ZIKV-Africa, 15; CHIKV, 11; DENV-1, 19; DENV-2, 13; DENV-3, 24; DENV-4, 36; and YFV, 17. Meanwhile, our multiplex real-time RT-PCR has a good consistency with the commercial singleplex assay. In summary, the developed assay can be effectively used for the diagnosis of ZIKV, DENV, CHIKV, and YFV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wu
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jin Wang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Nan Yu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Diagonosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juying Yan
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Zhuo
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mengyuan Chen
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaosong Su
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mujin Fang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuizhen He
- Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, China
| | - Shiyin Zhang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengxiang Ge
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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22
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Teixeira GA, Dantas DNA, Carvalho GAFDL, Silva AND, Lira ALBDC, Enders BC. [Analysis of the concept of the Zika Virus congenital syndrome]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2018; 25:567-574. [PMID: 32022196 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232020252.30002017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The scope of this article is to analyze the concept of the Zika Virus Congenital Syndrome. It is a conceptual analysis, based on Walker and Avant. In order to operationalize the search, a systematic review was conducted. The essence of the concept of the Zika Virus Congenital Syndrome is determined by the following attributes: intracranial calcification, ventriculomegaly, and diminished brain volume. For this syndrome to occur, it is necessary to have the following antecedents: transplacental transmission of a mother infected by the bite of the Aedes SSP mosquito or by sexual contact. Accordingly, this entails a set of signs and symptoms that go beyond fetal or postnatal microcephaly, such as, for example, delayed neuropsychomotor development, auditory and visual abnormalities, craniofacial disproportion, overlapping cranial sutures, prominent occipital bone, excess nuchal skin, epilepsy, irritability, dyskinesia, hypertonia, hypotonia, hemiplegia, hemiparesis, spasticity and hyperreflexia. The concept of the Zika Virus Congenital Syndrome is newly acknowledged. The presence of the set of signs and symptoms by the Zika Virus Congenital Syndrome is determined by intracranial calcification and decreased brain volume, and the baby may present microcephaly at birth or subsequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracimary Alves Teixeira
- Escola de Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Av. Senador Salgado Filho s/n, Lagoa Nova. 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brasil.
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23
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Draz MS, Moazeni M, Venkataramani M, Lakshminarayanan H, Saygili E, Lakshminaraasimulu NK, Kochehbyoki KM, Kanakasabapathy MK, Shabahang S, Vasan A, Bijarchi MA, Memic A, Shafiee H. Hybrid Paper-Plastic Microchip for Flexible and High-Performance Point-of-Care Diagnostics. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2018; 28:1707161. [PMID: 30416415 PMCID: PMC6223320 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201707161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A low-cost and easy-to-fabricate microchip remains a key challenge for the development of true point-of-care (POC) diagnostics. Cellulose paper and plastic are thin, light, flexible, and abundant raw materials, which make them excellent substrates for mass production of POC devices. Herein, a hybrid paper-plastic microchip (PPMC) is developed, which can be used for both single and multiplexed detection of different targets, providing flexibility in the design and fabrication of the microchip. The developed PPMC with printed electronics is evaluated for sensitive and reliable detection of a broad range of targets, such as liver and colon cancer protein biomarkers, intact Zika virus, and human papillomavirus nucleic acid amplicons. The presented approach allows a highly specific detection of the tested targets with detection limits as low as 102 ng mL-1 for protein biomarkers, 103 particle per milliliter for virus particles, and 102 copies per microliter for a target nucleic acid. This approach can potentially be considered for the development of inexpensive and stable POC microchip diagnostics and is suitable for the detection of a wide range of microbial infections and cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Shehata Draz
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Maryam Moazeni
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manasa Venkataramani
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Harini Lakshminarayanan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ecem Saygili
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nivethitha Kota Lakshminaraasimulu
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kamyar Mehrabi Kochehbyoki
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar Kanakasabapathy
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shirin Shabahang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anish Vasan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mohamad Ali Bijarchi
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adnan Memic
- Center for Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi Shafiee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Muppalla R, Miller M, Banerjee T, Romine W. Discovering explanatory models to identify relevant tweets on Zika. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2018; 2017:1194-1197. [PMID: 29060089 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8037044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus has caught the worlds attention, and has led people to share their opinions and concerns on social media like Twitter. Using text-based features, extracted with the help of Parts of Speech (POS) taggers and N-gram, a classifier was built to detect Zika related tweets from Twitter. With a simple logistic classifier, the system was successful in detecting Zika related tweets from Twitter with a 92% accuracy. Moreover, key features were identified that provide deeper insights on the content of tweets relevant to Zika. This system can be leveraged by domain experts to perform sentiment analysis, and understand the temporal and spatial spread of Zika.
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Draz MS, Lakshminaraasimulu NK, Krishnakumar S, Battalapalli D, Vasan A, Kanakasabapathy MK, Sreeram A, Kallakuri S, Thirumalaraju P, Li Y, Hua S, Yu XG, Kuritzkes DR, Shafiee H. Motion-Based Immunological Detection of Zika Virus Using Pt-Nanomotors and a Cellphone. ACS NANO 2018; 12:5709-5718. [PMID: 29767504 PMCID: PMC6860978 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is an emerging pandemic threat to humans that can be fatal in newborns. Advances in digital health systems and nanoparticles can facilitate the development of sensitive and portable detection technologies for timely management of emerging viral infections. Here we report a nanomotor-based bead-motion cellphone (NBC) system for the immunological detection of ZIKV. The presence of virus in a testing sample results in the accumulation of platinum (Pt)-nanomotors on the surface of beads, causing their motion in H2O2 solution. Then the virus concentration is detected in correlation with the change in beads motion. The developed NBC system was capable of detecting ZIKV in samples with virus concentrations as low as 1 particle/μL. The NBC system allowed a highly specific detection of ZIKV in the presence of the closely related dengue virus and other neurotropic viruses, such as herpes simplex virus type 1 and human cytomegalovirus. The NBC platform technology has the potential to be used in the development of point-of-care diagnostics for pathogen detection and disease management in developed and developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Shehata Draz
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Nivethitha Kota Lakshminaraasimulu
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sanchana Krishnakumar
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dheerendranath Battalapalli
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Anish Vasan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Manoj Kumar Kanakasabapathy
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Aparna Sreeram
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Shantanu Kallakuri
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Prudhvi Thirumalaraju
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yudong Li
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephane Hua
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Xu G. Yu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Daniel R. Kuritzkes
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hadi Shafiee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Corresponding Author
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Villamil-Gómez WE, Sánchez-Herrera ÁR, Hernández-Prado H, Hernández-Iriarte J, Díaz-Ricardo K, Vergara-Serpa O, Castellanos J, Portela-Gaviria JE, Patiño-Valencia S, Vargas-Bedoya DC, Orozco-Villa AF, Reyes-Guerrero SS, Castrillón-Spitia JD, Murillo-García DR, Henao-SanMartin V, Londoño JJ, Bedoya-Rendón H, de Jesús Cárdenas-Pérez J, Cardona-Ospina JA, Lagos-Grisales GJ, Rodríguez-Morales AJ. Zika virus and HIV co-infection in five patients from two areas of Colombia. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 117:856-858. [PMID: 29914733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wilmer E Villamil-Gómez
- Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Research Group, Hospital Universitario de Sincelejo, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia; Clínica Santa María, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia
| | | | | | - Jayder Hernández-Iriarte
- Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Research Group, Hospital Universitario de Sincelejo, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia
| | - Kelly Díaz-Ricardo
- Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Research Group, Hospital Universitario de Sincelejo, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia
| | - Oscar Vergara-Serpa
- Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Research Group, Hospital Universitario de Sincelejo, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia
| | | | - Juan Esteban Portela-Gaviria
- Public Health and Infection Group of Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Sarita Patiño-Valencia
- Public Health and Infection Group of Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Dana C Vargas-Bedoya
- Public Health and Infection Group of Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Andrés F Orozco-Villa
- Public Health and Infection Group of Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Sara S Reyes-Guerrero
- Public Health and Infection Group of Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Juan Daniel Castrillón-Spitia
- Public Health and Infection Group of Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Biomedicina, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; ESE Hospital San Pedro y San Pablo, La Virginia, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - David R Murillo-García
- Public Health and Infection Group of Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Valentina Henao-SanMartin
- Public Health and Infection Group of Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - José J Londoño
- ESE Hospital San Pedro y San Pablo, La Virginia, Risaralda, Colombia
| | | | | | - Jaime A Cardona-Ospina
- Public Health and Infection Group of Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Infection and Immunity Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Guillermo J Lagos-Grisales
- Public Health and Infection Group of Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Alfonso J Rodríguez-Morales
- Public Health and Infection Group of Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Infection and Immunity Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, UniFranz, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
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27
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Kumar Pandey R, Ojha R, Mishra A, Kumar Prajapati V. Designing B- and T-cell multi-epitope based subunit vaccine using immunoinformatics approach to control Zika virus infection. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7631-7642. [PMID: 29900580 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Zika virus is a rapidly spreading Aedes mosquito-borne sickness, which creates an unanticipated linkage birth deformity and neurological turmoil. This study represents the use of the combinatorial immunoinformatics approach to develop a multiepitope subunit vaccine using the structural and nonstructural proteins of the Zika virus. The designed subunit vaccine consists of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte and helper T-lymphocyte epitopes accompanied by suitable adjuvant and linkers. The presence of humoral immune response specific B-cell epitopes was also confirmed by B-cell epitope mapping among vaccine protein. Further, the vaccine protein was characterized for its allergenicity, antigenicity, and physiochemical parameters and found to be safe and immunogenic. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies of the vaccine protein with the toll-like receptor-3 were performed to ensure the binding affinity and stability of their complex. Finally, in silico cloning was performed for the effective expression of vaccine construct in the microbial system (Escherichia coli K12 strain). Aforementioned approaches result in the multiepitope subunit vaccine which may have the ability to induce cellular as well as humoral immune response. Moreover, this study needs the experimental validation to prove the immunogenic and protective behavior of the developed subunit vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rupal Ojha
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
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Panwar U, Singh SK. An Overview on Zika Virus and the Importance of Computational Drug Discovery. JOURNAL OF EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 3:43-51. [DOI: 10.14218/jerp.2017.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Cabral-Miranda G, Cardoso AR, Ferreira LCS, Sales MGF, Bachmann MF. Biosensor-based selective detection of Zika virus specific antibodies in infected individuals. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 113:101-107. [PMID: 29751200 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) recently emerged as a global threat subsequent to its global spread because it induces microencephaly and other brain damages in infants born to infected mothers. Epidemiological monitoring of infection has been hampered by the absence of reliable serological tests capable to distinguish between ZIKV and other Flavivirus infections, in particular Dengue virus (DENV). As both viruses are transmitted by the same mosquito-species, their distributions largely overlap and reliable serological distinction between the viruses is essential. Here we develop a novel biosensor which is based on recombinant forms of ZIKV non-structural protein 1 (NS1) and the domain III of the envelope protein (EDIII). Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and square wave voltammetry (SWV), we demonstrate that in addition to extremely sensitive detection of ZIKV-specific antibodies in serum and saliva, the biosensor promptly distinguished ZIKV and DENV-specific antibodies. Hence, this novel biosensor allows assessing ZIKV antibodies in blood and saliva and results are unaffected by presence of DENV virus-specific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Cabral-Miranda
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ana R Cardoso
- BioMark-Centre of Biological Engineering/ISEP, School of Engineering of the Polytechnique School of Porto, Portugal
| | - Luis C S Ferreira
- Institute of Biomedical Science; University of São Paulo (ICB-USP), Brazil
| | - M Goreti F Sales
- BioMark-Centre of Biological Engineering/ISEP, School of Engineering of the Polytechnique School of Porto, Portugal.
| | - Martin F Bachmann
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Immunology, RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is an emergent worldwide public health problem. Historically, 84 countries have reported vector-borne ZIKV transmission, 61 of which report on-going transmission. It is a Flavivirus transmitted through arthropods belonging to the Aedes genus. Since 2015, ZIKV infections have increased dramatically; with 1.3 million people infected during 2015 in Brazil alone. This paper's objective is to highlight the conjectural epidemiological points of the virus' dissemination. The digital archives Pubmed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane were searched for papers that assessed aspects of ZIKV transmission and epidemiology. The first isolation occurred in Uganda in 1947. Since then, important outbreaks were documented globally. Consequently, an emergent public health problem arose from a rapidly increasing incidence and its association with the development of neurological diseases such as microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Key factors in the successful containment of outbreaks include surveillance of mosquitos in the neighbourhood, an early mosquito control treatment, an assertive information campaign, and the involvement of the local population and healthcare workers. As such, while ZIKV seems to be spreading globally in a similar manner to other arboviruses, such as Dengue and Chikungunya viruses, it can also be rapidly contained due to the pre-existing availability of necessary resources and regulatory tools as control measures. This review aims to provide a description of those characteristics of ZIKV infection that may be useful in the construction of effective outbreak control strategies.
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31
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Dodson BL, Pujhari S, Rasgon JL. Vector competence of selected North American Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes for Zika virus. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4324. [PMID: 29472998 PMCID: PMC5816964 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a vector-borne flavivirus that has caused recent outbreaks associated with serious disease in infants and newborns in the Americas. Aedes mosquitoes are the primary vectors for ZIKV, but little is known about the diversity of mosquitoes that can transmit ZIKV in North America. We chose three abundant North American mosquito species (Anopheles freeborni, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, and Culex tarsalis) and one known vector species (Aedes aegypti), fed them blood meals supplemented with a recent outbreak ZIKV strain, and tested bodies, legs, and saliva for infectious ZIKV. ZIKV was able to infect, disseminate, and be transmitted by Aedes aegypti. However, Anopheles freeborni, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, and Culex tarsalis were unable to be infected. We conclude that these species are unlikely to be involved in ZIKV transmission in North America. However, we should continue to examine the ability for other mosquito species to potentially act as ZIKV vectors in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Dodson
- The Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Sujit Pujhari
- The Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Jason L Rasgon
- The Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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32
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Kamgang B, Yougang AP, Tchoupo M, Riveron JM, Wondji C. Temporal distribution and insecticide resistance profile of two major arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:469. [PMID: 29017606 PMCID: PMC5635539 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are the major epidemic vectors of several arbovirus diseases such as yellow fever, dengue, Zika and chikungunya worldwide. Both Aedes vectors are presents in Cameroon; however, knowledge on the dynamic of the distribution of these species across cities and their resistance profile to insecticide are limited. Here, we assessed the current distribution of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in Yaoundé, the Capital City, established the resistance profile to insecticides and explored the resistance mechanisms involved. METHODS Immature stages of Aedes were sampled in several breeding sites in December 2015 (dry season) and June 2016 (rainy season) in three central neighborhoods and four peripheral neighborhoods and reared to adult stage. The G0 adults were used for molecular identification and genotyping of F1534C mutation in Ae. aegypti. Bioassays and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) assays were carried out according to WHO guidelines. RESULTS Analysis revealed that both species Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus are present in all prospected sites in Yaounde. However, in the dry season Ae. aegypti is most abundant in neighborhoods located in downtown. In contrast, Ae. albopictus was found most prevalent in suburbs whatever the season and in downtown during the rainy season. Bioassay analysis showed that both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, are resistant to 0.05% deltamethrin, 0.1% bendiocarb and 4% dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). A decreased of susceptibility to 0.75% permethrin and a full susceptibility to malathion 5% was observed. The mortality rate was increased after pre-exposure to synergist PBO. None of Ae. aegypti assayed revealed the presence of F1534C mutation. CONCLUSION These findings are useful to planning vector control programme against arbovirus vectors in Cameroon and can be used as baseline in Africa where data on Aedes resistance is very scarce to plan further works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basile Kamgang
- Research Unit Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine/Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale, P.O. Box 288, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Aurelie P Yougang
- Research Unit Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine/Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale, P.O. Box 288, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Micareme Tchoupo
- Research Unit Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine/Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale, P.O. Box 288, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Jacob M Riveron
- Research Unit Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine/Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale, P.O. Box 288, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Charles Wondji
- Research Unit Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine/Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale, P.O. Box 288, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
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Marques-Toledo CDA, Degener CM, Vinhal L, Coelho G, Meira W, Codeço CT, Teixeira MM. Dengue prediction by the web: Tweets are a useful tool for estimating and forecasting Dengue at country and city level. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005729. [PMID: 28719659 PMCID: PMC5533462 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infectious diseases are a leading threat to public health. Accurate and timely monitoring of disease risk and progress can reduce their impact. Mentioning a disease in social networks is correlated with physician visits by patients, and can be used to estimate disease activity. Dengue is the fastest growing mosquito-borne viral disease, with an estimated annual incidence of 390 million infections, of which 96 million manifest clinically. Dengue burden is likely to increase in the future owing to trends toward increased urbanization, scarce water supplies and, possibly, environmental change. The epidemiological dynamic of Dengue is complex and difficult to predict, partly due to costly and slow surveillance systems. METHODOLOGY / PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this study, we aimed to quantitatively assess the usefulness of data acquired by Twitter for the early detection and monitoring of Dengue epidemics, both at country and city level at a weekly basis. Here, we evaluated and demonstrated the potential of tweets modeling for Dengue estimation and forecast, in comparison with other available web-based data, Google Trends and Wikipedia access logs. Also, we studied the factors that might influence the goodness-of-fit of the model. We built a simple model based on tweets that was able to 'nowcast', i.e. estimate disease numbers in the same week, but also 'forecast' disease in future weeks. At the country level, tweets are strongly associated with Dengue cases, and can estimate present and future Dengue cases until 8 weeks in advance. At city level, tweets are also useful for estimating Dengue activity. Our model can be applied successfully to small and less developed cities, suggesting a robust construction, even though it may be influenced by the incidence of the disease, the activity of Twitter locally, and social factors, including human development index and internet access. CONCLUSIONS Tweets association with Dengue cases is valuable to assist traditional Dengue surveillance at real-time and low-cost. Tweets are able to successfully nowcast, i.e. estimate Dengue in the present week, but also forecast, i.e. predict Dengue at until 8 weeks in the future, both at country and city level with high estimation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia de Almeida Marques-Toledo
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia do Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Consultoria Tecnica, Ecovec LTDA, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carolin Marlen Degener
- Programa de Computacao Cientifica, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Livia Vinhal
- Secretaria de Vigilancia em Saude, Ministerio da Saude, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Giovanini Coelho
- Secretaria de Vigilancia em Saude, Ministerio da Saude, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Wagner Meira
- Departamento de Ciencia da Computacao do Instituto de Ciencias Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Claudia Torres Codeço
- Programa de Computacao Cientifica, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia do Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Miller M, Banerjee T, Muppalla R, Romine W, Sheth A. What Are People Tweeting About Zika? An Exploratory Study Concerning Its Symptoms, Treatment, Transmission, and Prevention. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2017. [PMID: 28630032 PMCID: PMC5495967 DOI: 10.2196/publichealth.7157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In order to harness what people are tweeting about Zika, there needs to be a computational framework that leverages machine learning techniques to recognize relevant Zika tweets and, further, categorize these into disease-specific categories to address specific societal concerns related to the prevention, transmission, symptoms, and treatment of Zika virus. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the relevancy of the tweets and what people were tweeting about the 4 disease characteristics of Zika: symptoms, transmission, prevention, and treatment. Methods A combination of natural language processing and machine learning techniques was used to determine what people were tweeting about Zika. Specifically, a two-stage classifier system was built to find relevant tweets about Zika, and then the tweets were categorized into 4 disease categories. Tweets in each disease category were then examined using latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to determine the 5 main tweet topics for each disease characteristic. Results Over 4 months, 1,234,605 tweets were collected. The number of tweets by males and females was similar (28.47% [351,453/1,234,605] and 23.02% [284,207/1,234,605], respectively). The classifier performed well on the training and test data for relevancy (F1 score=0.87 and 0.99, respectively) and disease characteristics (F1 score=0.79 and 0.90, respectively). Five topics for each category were found and discussed, with a focus on the symptoms category. Conclusions We demonstrate how categories of discussion on Twitter about an epidemic can be discovered so that public health officials can understand specific societal concerns within the disease-specific categories. Our two-stage classifier was able to identify relevant tweets to enable more specific analysis, including the specific aspects of Zika that were being discussed as well as misinformation being expressed. Future studies can capture sentiments and opinions on epidemic outbreaks like Zika virus in real time, which will likely inform efforts to educate the public at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Miller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Tanvi Banerjee
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States.,Kno.e.sis, Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Roopteja Muppalla
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States.,Kno.e.sis, Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - William Romine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Amit Sheth
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States.,Kno.e.sis, Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
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Li R, Ding J, Ding G, Fan X, He Y, Wang X, Zhang H, Ji J, Li H. Zika virus infections, a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrid.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Artika IM, Ma'roef CN. Laboratory biosafety for handling emerging viruses. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017; 7:483-491. [PMID: 32289025 PMCID: PMC7103938 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging viruses are viruses whose occurrence has risen within the past twenty years, or whose presence is likely to increase in the near future. Diseases caused by emerging viruses are a major threat to global public health. In spite of greater awareness of safety and containment procedures, the handling of pathogenic viruses remains a likely source of infection, and mortality, among laboratory workers. There is a steady increase in both the number of laboratories and scientist handling emerging viruses for diagnostics and research. The potential for harm associated to work with these infectious agents can be minimized through the application of sound biosafety concepts and practices. The main factors to the prevention of laboratory-acquired infection are well-trained personnel who are knowledgable and biohazard aware, who are perceptive of the various ways of transmission, and who are professional in safe laboratory practice management. In addition, we should emphasize that appropriate facilities, practices and procedures are to be used by the laboratory workers for the handling of emerging viruses in a safe and secure manner. This review is aimed at providing researchers and laboratory personnel with basic biosafety principles to protect themselves from exposure to emerging viruses while working in the laboratory. This paper focuses on what emerging viruses are, why emerging viruses can cause laboratory-acquired infection, how to assess the risk of working with emerging viruses, and how laboratory-acquired infection can be prevented. Control measures used in the laboratory designed as such that they protect workers from emerging viruses and safeguard the public through the safe disposal of infectious wastes are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Made Artika
- Biosafety Level 3 Unit, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jalan Diponegoro 69, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Chairin Nisa Ma'roef
- Emerging Virus Research Unit, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jalan Diponegoro 69, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
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Dodson BL, Rasgon JL. Vector competence of Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes for Zika virus. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3096. [PMID: 28316896 PMCID: PMC5354110 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus is a newly emergent mosquito-borne flavivirus that has caused recent large outbreaks in the new world, leading to dramatic increases in serious disease pathology including Guillain-Barre syndrome, newborn microcephaly, and infant brain damage. Although Aedes mosquitoes are thought to be the primary mosquito species driving infection, the virus has been isolated from dozens of mosquito species, including Culex and Anopheles species, and we lack a thorough understanding of which mosquito species to target for vector control. We exposed Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes to blood meals supplemented with two Zika virus strains. Mosquito bodies, legs, and saliva were collected five, seven, and 14 days post blood meal and tested for infectious virus by plaque assay. Regardless of titer, virus strain, or timepoint, Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were refractory to Zika virus infection. We conclude that Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes likely do not contribute significantly to Zika virus transmission to humans. However, future studies should continue to explore the potential for other novel potential vectors to transmit the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L. Dodson
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Jason L. Rasgon
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
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Sharma A, Lal SK. Zika Virus: Transmission, Detection, Control, and Prevention. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:110. [PMID: 28217114 PMCID: PMC5290000 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus discovered in Uganda in the 1940s. To date, three major ZIKV outbreaks have been reported. ZIKV infections have known to be primarily asymptomatic while causing mild illness in a few cases. However, the recent emergence and spread of ZIKV in the Americas has resulted in the declaration of "Public Health Emergency of International Concern" due to the potential association between the infection and prenatal microcephaly or other brain anomalies. In Brazil, a 20-fold increase in prenatal microcephaly cases and 19% increase in Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) cases were reported in 2015, as compared to the preceding year. The probable deleterious effects of ZIKV infection prompt the urgent development of diagnostics and therapeutics. To this end, the existing evidences supporting the increasingly common prenatal microcephaly and GBS association and the current known ZIKV transmission dynamics, modes of detection (molecular and serology-based), and current control strategies are summarized in this review. This review also emphasizes the importance of understanding ZIKV transmission in order to design a sensitive yet cost and time-efficient detection technique. Development of an efficient detection technique would subsequently allow for better surveillance and control of ZIKV infection. Currently, limited literature is available on the pathogenesis of ZIKV, hence, focusing on the modes of ZIKV transmission could potentially contribute to the understanding of the disease spectrum and formulation of targeted treatment and control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunil K. Lal
- School of Science, Monash UniversitySelangor, Malaysia
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Medin CL, Rothman AL. Zika Virus: The Agent and Its Biology, With Relevance to Pathology. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2016; 141:33-42. [PMID: 27763795 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2016-0409-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Once obscure, Zika virus (ZIKV) has attracted significant medical and scientific attention in the past year because of large outbreaks associated with the recent introduction of this virus into the Western hemisphere. In particular, the occurrence of severe congenital infections and cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome has placed this virus squarely in the eyes of clinical and anatomic pathologists. This review article provides a basic introduction to ZIKV, its genetics, its structural characteristics, and its biology. A multidisciplinary effort will be essential to establish clinicopathologic correlations of the basic virology of ZIKV in order to advance development of diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan L Rothman
- From the Institute for Immunology and Informatics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Providence. Drs Medin and Rothman both contributed equally to the manuscript
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Wong SSY. Reply to comments on "Zika virus transmission: What to concern on its transmission apart from mosquito control" by Viroj Wiwanitkit. J Formos Med Assoc 2016; 115:685-6. [PMID: 27174386 PMCID: PMC7134775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samson Sai-Yin Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Research Centre for Infection and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Wiwanitkit V. Zika virus transmission: What should we be concerned about apart from mosquito control. J Formos Med Assoc 2016; 115:684. [PMID: 27265325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viroj Wiwanitkit
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China; Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia; Department of Biological Science, Joseph Ayobabalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Nigeria; Medical College, Dr DY Patil Medical University, Pune, India; Public Health Curriculum, Surin Rajabhat University, Thailand.
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How can we deal with Zika virus infection? J Formos Med Assoc 2016; 115:221-2. [PMID: 27013108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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