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Hourigan D, Stefanovic E, Hill C, Ross RP. Promiscuous, persistent and problematic: insights into current enterococcal genomics to guide therapeutic strategy. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:103. [PMID: 38539119 PMCID: PMC10976773 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are major opportunistic pathogens and the causative agents of serious diseases, such as urinary tract infections and endocarditis. VRE strains mainly include species of Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis which can colonise the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of patients and, following growth and persistence in the gut, can transfer to blood resulting in systemic dissemination in the body. Advancements in genomics have revealed that hospital-associated VRE strains are characterised by increased numbers of mobile genetic elements, higher numbers of antibiotic resistance genes and often lack active CRISPR-Cas systems. Additionally, comparative genomics have increased our understanding of dissemination routes among patients and healthcare workers. Since the efficiency of currently available antibiotics is rapidly declining, new measures to control infection and dissemination of these persistent pathogens are urgently needed. These approaches include combinatory administration of antibiotics, strengthening colonisation resistance of the gut microbiota to reduce VRE proliferation through commensals or probiotic bacteria, or switching to non-antibiotic bacterial killers, such as bacteriophages or bacteriocins. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the genomics of VRE isolates and state-of-the-art therapeutic advances against VRE infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hourigan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, Biosciences Research Institute, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ewelina Stefanovic
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, Biosciences Research Institute, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Moorepark West, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, Biosciences Research Institute, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, Biosciences Research Institute, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland.
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Rd, University College, Cork, Ireland.
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Moorepark West, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.
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2
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The Many Faces of Enterococcus spp.-Commensal, Probiotic and Opportunistic Pathogen. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091900. [PMID: 34576796 PMCID: PMC8470767 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus spp. are Gram-positive, facultative, anaerobic cocci, which are found in the intestinal flora and, less frequently, in the vagina or mouth. Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are the most common species found in humans. As commensals, enterococci colonize the digestive system and participate in the modulation of the immune system in humans and animals. For many years reference enterococcal strains have been used as probiotic food additives or have been recommended as supplements for the treatment of intestinal dysbiosis and other conditions. The use of Enterococcus strains as probiotics has recently become controversial due to the ease of acquiring different virulence factors and resistance to various classes of antibiotics. Enterococci are also seen as opportunistic pathogens. This problem is especially relevant in hospital environments, where enterococcal outbreaks often occur. Their ability to translocate from the gastro-intestinal tract to various tissues and organs as well as their virulence and antibiotic resistance are risk factors that hinder eradication. Due to numerous reports on the plasticity of the enterococcal genome and the acquisition of pathogenic microbial features, we ask ourselves, how far is this commensal genus from acquiring pathogenicity? This paper discusses both the beneficial properties of these microorganisms and the risk factors related to their evolution towards pathogenicity.
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Havlikova J, May RC, Styles IB, Cooper HJ. Liquid Extraction Surface Analysis Mass Spectrometry of ESKAPE Pathogens. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:1345-1351. [PMID: 33647207 PMCID: PMC8176453 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter cloacae) represent clinically important bacterial species that are responsible for most hospital-acquired drug-resistant infections; hence, the need for rapid identification is of high importance. Previous work has demonstrated the suitability of liquid extraction surface analysis mass spectrometry (LESA MS) for the direct analysis of colonies of two of the ESKAPE pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) growing on agar. Here, we apply LESA MS to the remaining four ESKAPE species (E. faecium E745, K. pneumoniae KP257, A. baumannii AYE, and E. cloacae S11) as well as E. faecalis V583 (a close relative of E. faecium) and a clinical isolate of A. baumannii AC02 using an optimized solvent sampling system. In each case, top-down LESA MS/MS was employed for protein identification. In total, 24 proteins were identified from 37 MS/MS spectra by searching against protein databases for the individual species. The MS/MS spectra for the identified proteins were subsequently searched against multiple databases from multiple species in an automated data analysis workflow with a view to determining the accuracy of identification of unknowns. Out of 24 proteins, 19 were correctly assigned at the protein and species level, corresponding to an identification success rate of 79%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Havlikova
- EPSRC
Centre for Doctoral Training in Physical Sciences for Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- School
of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Robin C. May
- Institute
of Microbiology and Infection, University
of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
| | - Iain B. Styles
- EPSRC
Centre for Doctoral Training in Physical Sciences for Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- School
of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Helen J. Cooper
- School
of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Phone: +44 (0)121 414 7527; . (H.J.C.)
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Pinto L, Torres C, Gil C, Santos HM, Capelo JL, Borges V, Gomes JP, Silva C, Vieira L, Poeta P, Igrejas G. Multiomics Substrates of Resistance to Emerging Pathogens? Transcriptome and Proteome Profile of a Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Clinical Strain. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2020; 24:81-95. [PMID: 32073998 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2019.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance and hospital acquired infections are on the rise worldwide. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci have been reported in clinical settings in recent decades. In this multiomics study, we provide comprehensive proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolate from a patient with a urinary tract infection. The previous genotypic profile of the strain C2620 indicated the presence of antibiotic resistance genes characteristic of the vanB cluster. To further investigate the transcriptome of this pathogenic strain, we used whole genome sequencing and RNA-sequencing to detect and quantify the genes expressed. In parallel, we used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by MALDI-TOF/MS (Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-Time-of-flight/Mass spectrometry) to identify the proteins in the proteome. We studied the membrane and cytoplasm subproteomes separately. From a total of 207 analysis spots, we identified 118 proteins. The protein list was compared to the results obtained from the full transcriptome assay. Several genes and proteins related to stress and cellular response were identified, as well as some linked to antibiotic and drug responses, which is consistent with the known state of multiresistance. Even though the correlation between transcriptome and proteome data is not yet fully understood, the use of multiomics approaches has proven to be increasingly relevant to achieve deeper insights into the survival ability of pathogenic bacteria found in health care facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Pinto
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Veterinary Science Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carmen Torres
- Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Concha Gil
- Departamento de Microbiologia II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hugo M Santos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Luís Capelo
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vítor Borges
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Gomes
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Silva
- Innovation and Technology Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Vieira
- Innovation and Technology Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Poeta
- Veterinary Science Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Igrejas
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Wang L, Wang J, Wang J, Zhu L, Conkle JL, Yang R. Soil types influence the characteristic of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse soil with long-term manure application. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 392:122334. [PMID: 32092657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Composted livestock and poultry manure, which may contain antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), is widely used as natural fertilizer in China. But the influence of soil types on ARGs is not well characterized, particularly at greenhouse sites with long-term manure application. We investigated the distribution of ARGs in the cinnamon, fluvo-aquic and saline-alkali soils in greenhouse of Yellow River Delta region, China. A total of 193 ARGs subtypes were detected, with multidrug and aminoglycoside resistance genes as the most universal ARGs subtypes. Soil types influenced the ARGs distribution, where higher levels of diversity and relative abundance of ARGs in the fluvo-aquic and saline-alkali soils compared with those in the cinnamon soils. Among abiotic factors, sand, pH and Zn contributed more to the pattern of ARGs in the cinnamon soils, whereas sand and Cd, clay and Pb contributed the most in the fluvo-aquic and saline-alkali soils respectively. Furthermore, positive correlations between the relative abundances of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the fluvo-aquic soils, suggesting higher dissemination potential of ARGs in this type of soil. Overall, MGEs played a positive primary role in the ARGs distribution in greenhouse soil than heavy metal co-selection and soil physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanjun Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Jeremy L Conkle
- Department of Physical & Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, 78412, United States.
| | - Rui Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
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Sun L, Xu J, Wang W, He F. Emergence of vanA-Type Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium ST 78 Strain with a rep2-Type Plasmid Carrying a Tn1546-Like Element Isolated from a Urinary Tract Infection in China. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:949-955. [PMID: 32308438 PMCID: PMC7135120 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s247569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) dramatically narrows therapeutic options. Although the prevalence of VRE in China has maintained a low level, VRE outbreaks have been reported in some tertiary hospitals in the developed areas of China. The clonal background of vanA-positive Enterococcus faecium strains has not been well characterized in China. Here, we report the whole-genome sequence of a vanA-type vancomycin-resistant E. faecium belonging to sequence type (ST) 78 isolated from a urinary tract infection in China. Patients and Methods A vancomycin-resistant E. faecium was isolated from a 66-year-old male patient diagnosed with brainstem hemorrhage. Antibiotic susceptibility assays were performed according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Complete genome sequencing was performed using both the HiSeqTM 4000 platform and the MinION platform. Plasmid, genomic and phylogenetic relationship analysis were further performed. Results E. faecium VRE1 was resistant to all antimicrobials tested except for tetracyclines and oxazolidinones. The whole genome of E. faecium VRE1 was composed of one chromosomal DNA and four plasmids. Two virulence genes and five antimicrobial resistance genes were identified. In silico multilocus sequence typing (MLST) showed that it belonged to ST78 (clonal complex CC17), a well-known epidemic clone that is widespread in Europe and the United States. Three antimicrobial resistance genes, including aminoglycoside resistance genes ant(6)-Ia and aph(3ʹ)-III; and glycopeptide resistance gene vanA, were located on a rep2-type plasmid carrying a Tn1546-like element that has not been reported. The most closely related strain harboring a similar plasmid backbone was recovered from fodder sample in China that differed by 178 cgMLST loci. Conclusion Our study characterizes the genomic feature of a vancomycin-resistant E. faecium ST78 strain harboring a vanA-carrying plasmid in China. The ST78 clonal group possessed the potential to emerge as a successful vanA-carrying epidemic lineage in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Xu
- Institute of Hygiene, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, People's Republic of China
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Sun L, Chen Y, Hua X, Chen Y, Hong J, Wu X, Jiang Y, van Schaik W, Qu T, Yu Y. Tandem amplification of the vanM gene cluster drives vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-variable enterococci. J Antimicrob Chemother 2020; 75:283-291. [PMID: 31742612 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkz461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vancomycin-variable enterococci (VVE) are a potential risk factor for vancomycin resistance gene dissemination and clinical treatment failure. vanM has emerged as a new prevalent resistance determinant among clinical enterococci in China. A total of 54 vancomycin-susceptible enterococci (VSE) isolates carrying incomplete vanM gene clusters were isolated in our previous study. OBJECTIVES To determine the potential of vanM-carrying VSE to develop vancomycin resistance and investigate the mechanism of alteration of the resistance phenotype. METHODS Fifty-four vanM-positive VSE strains were induced in vitro by culturing in increasing concentrations of vancomycin. Genetic changes between three parent VVE strains and their resistant variants were analysed using Illumina and long-read sequencing technologies, quantitative PCR and Southern blot hybridization. Changes in expression level were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS Twenty-five of the 54 VSE strains carrying vanM became resistant upon vancomycin exposure. A significant increase in vanM copy number was observed ranging from 5.28 to 127.64 copies per cell in induced resistant VVE strains. The vanM transposon was identified as tandem repeats with IS1216E between them, and occurred in either the plasmid or the chromosome of resistant VVE cells. In addition, an increase in vanM expression was observed after resistance conversion in VVE. CONCLUSIONS This study identified tandem amplification of the vanM gene cluster as a new mechanism for vancomycin resistance in VVE strains, offering a competitive advantage for VVE under antibiotic pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoting Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yiyi Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xueqing Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Willem van Schaik
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tingting Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Fujikura Y, Hamamoto T, Kanayama A, Kaku K, Yamagishi J, Kawana A. Bayesian reconstruction of a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus transmission route using epidemiologic data and genomic variants from whole genome sequencing. J Hosp Infect 2019; 103:395-403. [PMID: 31425718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outbreaks of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) are a serious problem in hospitals. Inferring the transmission route is an important factor to institute appropriate infection control measures; however, the methodology has not been fully established. AIM To reconstruct and evaluate the transmission model using sequence variants extracted from whole genome sequencing (WGS) data and epidemiological information from patients involved in a VRE outbreak. METHODS During a VRE outbreak in our hospital, 23 samples were collected from patients and environmental surfaces and analysed using WGS. By combining genome alignment information with patient epidemiological data, the VRE transmission route was reconstructed using a Bayesian approach. With the transmission model, evaluation and further analyses were performed to identify risk factors that contributed to the outbreak. FINDINGS All VREs were identified as Enterococcus faecium belonging to sequence type 17, which consisted of two VRE genotypes: vanA (N = 8, including one environmental sample) and vanB (N = 15). The reconstruction model using the Bayesian approach showed the transmission direction with posterior probability and revealed transmission through an environmental surface. In addition, some cases acting as VRE spreaders were identified, which can interfere with appropriate infection control. Vancomycin administration was identified as a significant risk factor for spreaders. CONCLUSION A Bayesian approach for transmission route reconstruction using epidemiologic data and genomic variants from WGS can be applied in actual VRE outbreaks. This may contribute to the design and implementation of effective infection control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fujikura
- Department of Medical Risk Management and Infection Control, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Saitama, Japan; Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.
| | - T Hamamoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - A Kanayama
- Division of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Control, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Kaku
- Division of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Control, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - J Yamagishi
- Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - A Kawana
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
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Lépesová K, Olejníková P, Mackuľak T, Tichý J, Birošová L. Annual changes in the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant coliform bacteria and enterococci in municipal wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:18470-18483. [PMID: 31049859 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater contains subinhibitory concentrations of different micropollutants such as antibiotics that create selective pressure on bacteria. This phenomenon is also caused by insufficient wastewater treatment technology leading to the development and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistance genes into the environment. Therefore, this work focused on monitoring of antibiotic-resistant coliform bacteria and enterococci in influent and effluent wastewaters taken from the second biggest wastewater treatment plant (Petržalka) in the capital of Slovakia during 1 year. Antibiotic-resistant strains were isolated, identified, and characterized in terms of susceptibility and biofilm production. All of 27 antibiotic-resistant isolates were identified mainly as Morganella morganii, Citrobacter spp., and E. coli. Multidrug-resistance was detected in 58% of isolated strains. All tested isolates could form biofilm; two strains were very strong producers, and 74% formed biofilm by strong intensity. The flow rate of the influent wastewater had a more significant impact on the number of studied bacteria than the temperature. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristína Lépesová
- Department of Nutrition and Food Quality Assessment, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Petra Olejníková
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Mackuľak
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Tichý
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Birošová
- Department of Nutrition and Food Quality Assessment, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Talaga-Ćwiertnia K, Bulanda M. DRUG RESISTANCE IN THE GENUS ENTEROCOCCUS - CURRENT PROBLEM IN HUMANS AND ANIMALS. ADVANCEMENTS OF MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.21307/pm-2018.57.3.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Yee RA, Leifels M, Scott C, Ashbolt NJ, Liu Y. Evaluating Microbial and Chemical Hazards in Commercial Struvite Recovered from Wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:5378-5386. [PMID: 30964655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Controlled struvite (NH4MgPO4·6H2O) precipitation has become a well-known process for nutrient recovery from wastewater treatment systems to alleviate the pressures of diminishing, finite rock phosphate reservoirs. Nonetheless, coprecipitation of potential microbial and chemical hazards is poorly understood. On the other hand, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global public health concern and wastewater is thought to disseminate resistance genes within bacteria. Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) are typically used as measures of treatment quality, and with multiresistant E. coli and Enterococcus spp. rising in concern, the quantification of FIB can be used as a preliminary method to assess the risk of AMR. Focusing on struvite produced from full-scale operations, culture and qPCR methods were utilized to identify FIB, antibiotic resistance genes, and human enteric viruses in the final product. Detection of these hazards occurred in both wet and dry struvite samples indicating that there is a potential risk that needs further consideration. Chemical and biological analyses support the idea that the presence of other wastewater components can impact struvite formation through ion and microbial interference. While heavy metal concentrations met current fertilizer standards, the presence of K, Na, Ca, and Fe ions can impact struvite purity yet provide benefit for agricultural uses. Additionally, the quantified hazards detected varied among struvite samples produced from different methods and sources, thus indicating that production methods could be a large factor in the risk associated with wastewater-recovered struvite. In all, coprecipitation of metals, fecal indicator bacteria, antimicrobial resistance genes, and human enteric viruses with struvite was shown to be likely, and future engineered wastewater systems producing struvite may require additional step(s) to manage these newly identified public health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Yee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2R3 , Canada
| | - Mats Leifels
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU) , University Duisburg-Essen , Essen , 47057 , Germany
- School of Public Health , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2R3 , Canada
| | - Candis Scott
- School of Public Health , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2R3 , Canada
| | - Nicholas J Ashbolt
- School of Public Health , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2R3 , Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2R3 , Canada
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Sun L, Qu T, Wang D, Chen Y, Fu Y, Yang Q, Yu Y. Characterization of vanM carrying clinical Enterococcus isolates and diversity of the suppressed vanM gene cluster. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2019; 68:145-152. [PMID: 30553064 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the prevalence of the suppressed vanM gene cluster as a reservoir of vancomycin resistance genes. Among 1284 clinical isolates of enterococci from four hospitals in Hangzhou, China, 55 isolates of Enterococcus faecium and one isolate of Enterococcus faecalis were screened positive for the vanM genotype. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that 55 of the 56 vanM-positive isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin. Most of them (54/56) belonged to the main epidemic lineage CC17, mostly the ST78 type. The vanM gene clusters in the 55 vancomycin-susceptible isolates showed sequence diversity owing to different insertion locations of IS1216E. The vanM transposons could be classified into five types and they all carried two or more IS1216E elements, leading to complete or partial deletions of vanR, vanS, or vanX. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that the expression level of vanM was significantly lower in the vancomycin-susceptible isolates than in the vancomycin-resistant isolate. Considering the prevalence of the vanM genotype and the potential for conversion to a resistant phenotype, vanM might act as an important determinant of glycopeptide resistance in the future. It is essential to strengthen the surveillance of vanM-containing enterococci to control the dissemination of vancomycin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tingting Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Danying Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Huang QQ, Liu BB, Zhu HF, Ma JJ, Tsoi M, Yao BQ, Yao LC, Wu Q, Mu XQ, Liu SL. Rapid and sensitive detection of the vanA resistance gene from clinical Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis isolates by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2018; 16:262-265. [PMID: 30339895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus spp., mediated mainly by the vanA resistance gene, has become a major health concern as it has spread worldwide. Therefore, a rapid method is urgently required to detect the vanA gene for timely and appropriate antimicrobial control of resistant Enterococcus infections. METHODS The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was optimised for vanA detection in Enterococcus spp. isolates. RESULTS The LAMP primer set designed in this study could reliably recognise seven distinct regions of the vanA gene and amplify the gene within 25min at an isothermal temperature of 65°C with high specificity. The sensitivity of the optimised assay was high, with a detection limit for vanA as low as 100pg/μL, which is 100-fold more sensitive than the PCR assay. A special advantage of this optimised LAMP method is that the vanA gene could be detected directly from clinical specimens. CONCLUSION This optimised LAMP assay has great application potential for efficient detection of vanA in clinical diagnosis and epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Huang
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; HMU-UCCSM Center for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bin-Bin Liu
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; HMU-UCCSM Center for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui-Fen Zhu
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; HMU-UCCSM Center for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jian-Jia Ma
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; HMU-UCCSM Center for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Madeleine Tsoi
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; HMU-UCCSM Center for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bing-Qing Yao
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; HMU-UCCSM Center for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li-Chen Yao
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; HMU-UCCSM Center for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; HMU-UCCSM Center for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Mu
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; HMU-UCCSM Center for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; HMU-UCCSM Center for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
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Sun L, Zhang P, Qu T, Chen Y, Hua X, Shi K, Yu Y. Identification of Novel Conjugative Plasmids with Multiple Copies of fosB that Confer High-Level Fosfomycin Resistance to Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1541. [PMID: 28861056 PMCID: PMC5559704 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To further characterize the fosB-carrying plasmids of 19 vancomycin-resistant enterococci, the complete sequences of the fosB- and vanA-containing plasmids of Enterococcus faecium (pEMA120) and E. avium (pEA19081) were obtained by single-molecule, real-time sequencing. We found that these two plasmids are essentially identical (99.99% nucleotide sequence identity), which proved the possibility of interspecies transmission. Comparative analysis of the plasmids revealed that the backbone of pEMA120 is 99% similar to a conjugative fosB-negative E. faecium plasmid, pZB18. There is a traE disrupted in the transfer region of pEMA120, in comparison to pZB18 with an intact traE. The difference of their transfer frequencies between pEMA120 and pZB18 suggests this interruption of traE might affect conjugative transfer. Two copies of the fosB gene linked to a tnpA gene, forming an ISL3-like transposon, were found at separate locations within pEMA120, which had not been reported previously. These two fosB-carrying transposons were confirmed to form circular intermediates by inverse PCR. The hybridization of plasmid DNA digested by BsaI, having restriction site within the fosB sequence, demonstrated that the presence of multiple copies of fosB per plasmid is common. The total copy number of the fosB gene as revealed by qRT-PCR did not correlate with fosfomycin MICs or growth rates at sub-MICs of fosfomycin in different transconjugants. From susceptibility tests, the fosB gene, regardless of the copy number, conferred high fosfomycin MICs that ranged from 16384 to 65536 μg/ml. This first complete nucleotide sequence of a plasmid carrying two copies of fosB in VRE suggests that the fosB gene can transfer to multiple loci of plasmids by the ISL3 family transposase TnpA, possibly in the form of circular intermediates, leading to the dissemination of high fosfomycin resistance in VRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Keren Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
| | - Yunsong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou, China
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Żesławska E, Korona-Głowniak I, Szczesio M, Olczak A, Żylewska A, Tejchman W, Malm A. Structural analysis and antimicrobial activity of 2[1H]-pyrimidinethione/selenone derivatives. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Desguin B, Soumillion P, Hausinger RP, Hols P. Unexpected complexity in the lactate racemization system of lactic acid bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2017; 41:S71-S83. [DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fux021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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17
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Caicedo-Ochoa EY, Urrutia-Gómez JA, Fernández-Niño DS, Guío-Guerra SA, Méndez-Fandiño YR. Tratamiento de la bacteriemia por enterococo resistente a vancomicina con daptomicina versus linezolid: revisión sistemática y metanálisis. IATREIA 2017. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.iatreia.v30n1a01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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18
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Icgen B. VanA-Type MRSA (VRSA) Emerged in Surface Waters. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 97:359-366. [PMID: 27216737 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1827-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to the widespread occurrence of mecA-encoded methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), treatment of staphylococcal infections is shifted to glycopeptide antibiotics like vancomycin and teicoplanin. The selective pressure of glycopeptides has eventually led to the emergence of staphylococci with increased resistance. Of great concern is vanA-encoded high level vancomycin and teicoplanin resistance in MRSA (VRSA). Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the occurrence of VRSA in surface waters. Out of 290, two staphylococcal isolates identified as MRSA Al11, Ba01, and one as MRS Co11 through 16S rRNA sequencing, also displayed high level resistance towards vancomycin and teicoplanin. These staphylococcal isolates were found to harbor vanA gene with sequence similarities of 99 %-100 % to the vanA gene extracted from vancomycin- and teicoplanin-resistant enterococcal (VRE) surface water isolates of Enterococcus faecalis Cr07, E07, Pb06 and E. faecium E330. High level glycopeptide resistance rendering protein encoded by the vanA gene, D-alanine-D-lactate ligase found in VRE, was also shown to be present in all vanA-type staphylococcal isolates through western blot. Current study elucidated that surface waters provide high potential for enterococcal vanA gene being transferred to MRSA, so called VRSA, and require special scientific consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Icgen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
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19
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Haghshenas B, Haghshenas M, Nami Y, Yari Khosroushahi A, Abdullah N, Barzegari A, Rosli R, Hejazi MS. Probiotic Assessment of Lactobacillus plantarum 15HN and Enterococcus mundtii 50H Isolated from Traditional Dairies Microbiota. Adv Pharm Bull 2016; 6:37-47. [PMID: 27123416 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2016.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Probiotics are microorganisms, which show beneficial health effects on hosts once consumed in sufficient amounts. Among probiotic bacteria, the bioactive compounds from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) group can be utilized as preservative agents. LAB group can be isolated and characterized from traditional dairy sources. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and biologically characterize probiotic LAB strains from Iranian traditional dairy products. METHODS A total of 19 LAB strains were identified by sequencing of their 16S rRNA genes. They were examined for adherence to human intestinal Caco-2 cells and tolerance to low pH/high bile salts and simulated in vitro digestion conditions. Moreover, they were evaluated further to assess their ability to prevent the adhesion of Escherichia coli 026 to the intestinal mucosa, inhibitory functions against pathogens, and sensitivity to conventional antibiotics. RESULTS L. plantarum 15HN and E. mundtii 50H strains displayed ≥ 71% survival rates at low pH/high bile salts and ≥ 40% survival rates in digestive conditions. Their adherences to Caco-2 cells were 3.2×105 and 2.6×105 CFU mL-1 respectively and high values of anti-adhesion capability were observed (≥36%). They inhibited the growth of 13 and 11 indicator pathogens respectively. Moreover, they were sensitive or semi-sensitive to seven and three out of eight antibiotics respectively. CONCLUSION L. plantarum 15HN and E. mundtii 50H, which were isolated from shiraz product, displayed above-average results for all of the criteria. Therefore, they can be introduced as novel candidate probiotics that could be used in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Haghshenas
- Institute of Biosciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Minoo Haghshenas
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Nami
- Institute of Biosciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Norhafizah Abdullah
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abolfazl Barzegari
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Therapy Lab, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rozita Rosli
- Institute of Biosciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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20
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Haghshenas B, Haghshenas M, Nami Y, Yari Khosroushahi A, Abdullah N, Barzegari A, Rosli R, Hejazi MS. Probiotic Assessment of Lactobacillus plantarum 15HN and Enterococcus mundtii 50H Isolated from Traditional Dairies Microbiota. Adv Pharm Bull 2016; 6:37-47. [PMID: 27123416 PMCID: PMC4845554 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2016.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Probiotics are microorganisms, which show beneficial health effects on hosts once consumed in sufficient amounts. Among probiotic bacteria, the bioactive compounds from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) group can be utilized as preservative agents. LAB group can be isolated and characterized from traditional dairy sources. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and biologically characterize probiotic LAB strains from Iranian traditional dairy products. METHODS A total of 19 LAB strains were identified by sequencing of their 16S rRNA genes. They were examined for adherence to human intestinal Caco-2 cells and tolerance to low pH/high bile salts and simulated in vitro digestion conditions. Moreover, they were evaluated further to assess their ability to prevent the adhesion of Escherichia coli 026 to the intestinal mucosa, inhibitory functions against pathogens, and sensitivity to conventional antibiotics. RESULTS L. plantarum 15HN and E. mundtii 50H strains displayed ≥ 71% survival rates at low pH/high bile salts and ≥ 40% survival rates in digestive conditions. Their adherences to Caco-2 cells were 3.2×105 and 2.6×105 CFU mL-1 respectively and high values of anti-adhesion capability were observed (≥36%). They inhibited the growth of 13 and 11 indicator pathogens respectively. Moreover, they were sensitive or semi-sensitive to seven and three out of eight antibiotics respectively. CONCLUSION L. plantarum 15HN and E. mundtii 50H, which were isolated from shiraz product, displayed above-average results for all of the criteria. Therefore, they can be introduced as novel candidate probiotics that could be used in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Haghshenas
- Institute of Biosciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Minoo Haghshenas
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Nami
- Institute of Biosciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Norhafizah Abdullah
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abolfazl Barzegari
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Therapy Lab, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rozita Rosli
- Institute of Biosciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Valle DL, Andrade JI, Puzon JJM, Cabrera EC, Rivera WL. Antibacterial activities of ethanol extracts of Philippine medicinal plants against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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