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Daaboul D, Kassem II, El Omari K, Dabboussi F, Oueslati S, Naas T, Osman M. The occurrence of the carbapenemase gene, bla NDM-5, on a transmissible IncX3 plasmid in multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from a farm dog. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2024; 36:59-61. [PMID: 38128725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In-depth phenotypic and genomic analyses on a carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli isolate, recovered from the faeces of a farm dog in Lebanon, focusing on its antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns and the underlying resistome. METHODS E. coli strain EC-106 was identified using MALDI-TOF-MS. Analyses using Carba NP, immunochromatographic assay NG Carba5, and other antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) using the Illumina technology and different software available at the Center of Genomic Epidemiology wwere used to predict the resistome, sequence type (ST), plasmid types, and virulence genes. RESULTS Susceptibility testing revealed that E. coli EC-106 was multi-drug resistant, including against newer antimicrobials such as imipenem-relebactam (MIC = 16 µg/mL), meropenem-vaborbactam (MIC = 16 µg/mL), and ceftazidime-avibactam (MIC > 32 µg/mL), but remained susceptible to aztreonam (MIC = 0.12 µg/mL), aztreonam-avibactam (MIC = 0.06 µg/mL), and cefiderocol (MIC = 0.5 µg/mL). WGS analyses showed that E. coli EC-106 carried 13 acquired resistance genes associated with resistance to β-lactams (blaNDM-5 and blaTEM-1B), aminoglycosides (aac(3)-IId, aph(3')-Ia, aadA1, and aadA2), tetracyclines (tetA), amphenicols (partial catA1), macrolides (mphA), sulphonamides (sul1 and sul3), trimethoprim (dfrA12), and quaternary ammonium compounds (partial qacE). The blaNDM-5 was located on an IncX3 plasmid. The isolate was predicted to be a human pathogen (92.9%) and belonged to ST1011. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first report of the detection of an IncX3 plasmid carrying the blaNDM-5 gene in animals in Lebanon, highlighting the severe AMR challenges in the country. Taken together, our current and previous findings suggest that blaNDM-5 might be spreading in different hosts and genetic backgrounds across clinical and non-clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Daaboul
- Team ReSIST, UMR1184, INSERM, CEA, Translational Research Building, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Issmat I Kassem
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Center for Food Safety, University of Georgia, Griffin, Georgia
| | - Khaled El Omari
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon; Quality Control Center Laboratories at the Chamber of Commerce, Industry & Agriculture of Tripoli & North Lebanon, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Fouad Dabboussi
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Saoussen Oueslati
- Team ReSIST, UMR1184, INSERM, CEA, Translational Research Building, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Bacteriology-Hygiene Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Paris-Saclay, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Thierry Naas
- Team ReSIST, UMR1184, INSERM, CEA, Translational Research Building, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Bacteriology-Hygiene Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Paris-Saclay, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Associated French National Reference Center for Antibiotic Resistance: Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marwan Osman
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
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Osman M, Yassine I, Hamze M, Al Mir H, Ghorbani Tajani A, Bisha B, Cummings KJ, Madec JY, Haenni M, Kassem II. Emergence of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin- and Colistin-Resistant Enterobacterales in Otherwise Healthy University Students. Microb Drug Resist 2024; 30:101-107. [PMID: 38011748 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2023.0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to last resort antibiotics has been increasing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Lebanon, which has well established challenges in antimicrobial stewardship and other public health and environmental issues. However, data on the emergence of antibiotic resistance in the community in Lebanon are limited. In this study, we assessed resistance to last resort antibiotics in the fecal samples of 111 otherwise healthy university students in north Lebanon. The results showed that 47.7% of the samples harbored extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant isolates, while 2.7% of the samples yielded colistin-resistant isolates. Furthermore, molecular analyses showed that the β-lactamase gene group, blaCTX-M-1 group, was detected in the majority (93%) of screened extended-spectrum β-lactamase isolates. In addition, the colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates carried mcr-1, including the novel mcr-1.26 variant, which was previously reported in clinical samples as well as in domesticated animals and the environment in Lebanon. Taken together, these findings highlight the occurrence of resistance to important antibiotics in the community, perhaps suggesting diffuse sources, including clinical and environmental settings, and multiple factors driving the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria and resistance determinants. There is a pressing need for comprehensive antimicrobial stewardship programs and the implementation of evidence-based practices in clinical and community settings to mitigate the increasing spread of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Osman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Iman Yassine
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Hiba Al Mir
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
- ANSES, Université de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
| | | | - Bledar Bisha
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| | - Kevin J Cummings
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jean-Yves Madec
- ANSES, Université de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
| | - Marisa Haenni
- ANSES, Université de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
| | - Issmat I Kassem
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Center for Food Safety, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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Santos AM, Júnior JA, Cézar SV, Araújo AA, Júnior LJ, Aragón DM, Serafini MR. Cyclodextrin inclusion complexes improving antibacterial drug profiles: an update systematic review. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:1363-1379. [PMID: 37910070 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The study aimed to review experimental models using cyclodextrins to improve antibacterial drugs' physicochemical characteristics and biological activities. Methods: The following terms and their combinations were used: cyclodextrins and antibacterial agents in title or abstract, and the total study search was conducted over a period up to October 2022. The review was carried out using PubMed, Scopus and Embase databases. A total of 1580 studies were identified, of which 27 articles were selected for discussion in this review. Results: The biological results revealed that the antibacterial effect of the inclusion complexes was extensively improved. Cyclodextrins can enhance the therapeutic effects of antibiotics already existing on the market, natural products and synthetic molecules. Conclusion: Overall, CDs as drug-delivery vehicles have been shown to improve antibiotics solubility, stability, and bioavailability, leading to enhanced antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria M Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - José Acn Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe,São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Silvia Vs Cézar
- Department of Pharmacy,Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Adriano As Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe,São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy,Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Lucindo Jq Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe,São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Diana M Aragón
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Mairim R Serafini
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe,São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy,Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
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El Safadi D, Osman M, Hanna A, Hajar I, Kassem II, Khalife S, Dabboussi F, Hamze M. Parasitic Contamination of Fresh Leafy Green Vegetables Sold in Northern Lebanon. Pathogens 2023; 12:1014. [PMID: 37623974 PMCID: PMC10459145 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12081014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Contaminated, raw or undercooked vegetables can transmit parasitic infections. Here, we investigated parasitic contamination of leafy green vegetables sold in local markets in the Tripoli district, Lebanon, during two consecutive autumn seasons (2020-2021). The study involved the microscopic examination of 300 samples of five different types of vegetables (60 samples per type) and used standardized qualitative parasitological techniques for some protozoa and helminths. The results showed that 16.7% (95% interval for p: 12.6%, 21.4%) (50/300) of the vegetable samples were contaminated with at least one parasite. The most frequently detected parasite was Blastocystis spp. (8.7%; 26/300); this was followed in frequency by Ascaris spp. (3.7%; 11/300). Among the different vegetable types, lettuce (23.3%; 14/60) was the most contaminated, while arugula was the least contaminated (11.7%; 7/60). The statistical analysis did not reveal any significant association between the prevalence of parasitic contamination and the investigated risk factors, which included collection date, vegetable type, market storage status, and wetness of vegetables at the time of purchase (p > 0.05). The high prevalence of parasitic contamination also suggested the potential presence of other microbial pathogens. These findings are important because leafy green vegetables are preferentially and heavily consumed raw in Lebanon. Thus, implementing effective measures that target the farm-to-fork continuum is recommended in order to reduce the spread of intestinal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dima El Safadi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L7 8XZ, UK;
- Laboratoire Microbiology, Santé et Environnement, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon; (A.H.); (I.H.); (F.D.); (M.H.)
| | - Marwan Osman
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Angel Hanna
- Laboratoire Microbiology, Santé et Environnement, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon; (A.H.); (I.H.); (F.D.); (M.H.)
| | - Iman Hajar
- Laboratoire Microbiology, Santé et Environnement, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon; (A.H.); (I.H.); (F.D.); (M.H.)
| | - Issmat I. Kassem
- Center for Food Safety, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA;
| | - Sara Khalife
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon;
| | - Fouad Dabboussi
- Laboratoire Microbiology, Santé et Environnement, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon; (A.H.); (I.H.); (F.D.); (M.H.)
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiology, Santé et Environnement, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon; (A.H.); (I.H.); (F.D.); (M.H.)
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Rima M, Pfennigwerth N, Cremanns M, Cirnski K, Oueslati S, Gatermann SG, d’Amélio N, Herrmann J, Müller R, Naas T. In Vitro Activity of Two Novel Antimicrobial Compounds on MDR-Resistant Clinical Isolates. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1265. [PMID: 37627685 PMCID: PMC10451163 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12081265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel antibiotics is mandatory to curb the growing antibiotic resistance problem resulting in difficult-to-treat bacterial infections. Here, we have determined the spectrum of activity of cystobactamids and chelocardins, two novel and promising classes of molecules with different modes of action. A panel of 297 clinically relevant Gram-negative and Gram-positive isolates with different antibiotic susceptibility profiles, going from wild type to multi- or even extremely drug resistant (MDR, XDR) and including carbapenem-resistant isolates, were tested using broth microdilution assays to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), MIC50s and MIC90s of two cystobactamids derivatives (CN-861-2 and CN-DM-861) and two chelocardin derivatives (CHD and CDCHD). Cystobactamids revealed potent activities on the majority of tested Enterobacterales (MIC50s ranging from 0.25 to 4 µg/mL), except for Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates (MIC50s is 128 µg/mL). Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii showed slightly higher MIC50s (4 µg/mL and 8 µg/mL, respectively) for cystobactamids. Chelocardins inhibited the growth of Enterobacterales and Stenotrophomas maltophilia at low to moderate MICs (0.25-16 µg/mL) and the chemically modified CDCHD was active at lower MICs. A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa were less susceptible to these molecules with MICs ranging from 0.5 to 32 µg/mL. These molecules show also interesting in vitro efficacies on clinically relevant Gram-positive bacteria with MICs of 0.125-8 µg/mL for cystobactamids and 0.5-8 µg/mL for chelocardins. Taken together, the cystobactamid CN-DM-861 and chelocardin CDCHD showed interesting antibiotic activities on MDR or XDR bacteria, without cross-resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics such as carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, and colistin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Rima
- Team “Resist”, UMR1184 “Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB)”, INSERM, Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, LabEx LERMIT, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; (M.R.); (S.O.)
| | - Niels Pfennigwerth
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruhr-University, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (N.P.); (M.C.); (S.G.G.)
| | - Martina Cremanns
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruhr-University, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (N.P.); (M.C.); (S.G.G.)
| | - Katarina Cirnski
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (K.C.); (J.H.); (R.M.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Saoussen Oueslati
- Team “Resist”, UMR1184 “Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB)”, INSERM, Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, LabEx LERMIT, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; (M.R.); (S.O.)
- Bacteriology-Hygiene Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Paris-Saclay, Bicêtre Hospital, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sören G. Gatermann
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruhr-University, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (N.P.); (M.C.); (S.G.G.)
| | - Nicola d’Amélio
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire UMR 7025 CNRS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80039 Amiens, France;
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (K.C.); (J.H.); (R.M.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (K.C.); (J.H.); (R.M.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thierry Naas
- Team “Resist”, UMR1184 “Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB)”, INSERM, Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, LabEx LERMIT, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; (M.R.); (S.O.)
- Bacteriology-Hygiene Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Paris-Saclay, Bicêtre Hospital, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Associated French National Reference Center for Antibiotic Resistance: Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Fadlallah M, Salman A, Salem-Sokhn E. Updates on the Status of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in Lebanon. Int J Microbiol 2023; 2023:8831804. [PMID: 37283804 PMCID: PMC10241595 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8831804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) pathogens have been increasingly isolated and reported in Lebanon. Several studies have been published over the last two decades about the CRE situation in the country. However, compared to the worldwide data, those studies are scarce and mostly restricted to single center studies. In this review, we aim to present a comprehensive and reliable report illustrating the current situation regarding CRE in Lebanon. Variable studies have shown an increasing pattern of carbapenem resistance in Enterobacterales since the first reports of CRE isolates in 2007 and 2008. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most detected ones. The OXA-48 class D carbapenemases were the most prevalent carbapenemases among CRE isolates. Moreover, the emergence of other carbapenemases like the NDM class B carbapenemase has been noticed. Strict infection control measures in hospitals, including the identification of CRE carriers, are needed in Lebanese hospitals since carriage is a potential risk for the spread of CRE in healthcare settings. The dissemination of CRE in the community is noticed and attributed to multiple causes, such as the refugee crisis, water contamination, and antimicrobial misuse. In conclusion, strict infection control measures in healthcare settings, in addition to accurate antimicrobial stewardship program implementation, are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Fadlallah
- Laboratory Medicine, Lebanese University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmad Salman
- Infectious Diseases, Lebanese University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elie Salem-Sokhn
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Beirut, Lebanon
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Somda NS, Tankoano A, Métuor-Dabiré A, Kaboré D, Bonkoungou JOI, Kpoda DS, Sambe-Ba B, Dabiré Y, Saba CKS, Ouoba IL, Sawadogo-Lingani H, Savadogo A. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Antibiotic Resistance of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria in West Africa Between 2010 and 2020. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100061. [PMID: 36916564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the past, studies on antimicrobial resistance were carried out on pathogens in the clinical areas. However, since then, this phenomenon has become a general case both in the environment and in the food sector. This systematic review aimed to review the various scientific publications on the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics in foods in West Africa. METHODS An extensive literature search was carried out through an electronic database including PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, and African Journals Online (AJOL). Articles published from fifteen countries of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) between 2010 and 2020 on antibiotic resistance of foodborne pathogens were included in the study. The titles and abstracts of the retrieved articles and then the full texts of the selected articles were reviewed. RESULTS Out of the 565 articles found in our initial research, 149 publications (26.55%) were considered suitable for inclusion in this review. Globally, 2018, 2019, and 2020 had more included papers (n = 21 to 25) than the other years. Of the 149 publications analyzed, four types of food commodities were identified as products of high consumption based on the number of publications in the field such as poultry (39/149), read-to-eat food (22/149), meat, and animal products (20/149). Most studies have shown that E. coli has the highest prevalence followed by Salmonella and Staphylococcus. Only 33 (22.14%) of the 149 publications were based on further molecular characterization of the isolates. Publications analyzed showed that the most prevalent detected genes were tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), tet(K) blaTEM, catA1, catA2, cmlA, blaCTXM and qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, parC, and qepA4. CONCLUSION From these results, antibiotic use in the food areas must be strongly regulated, especially in developing countries, particularly in Africa. This highlights the need to implement suitable and appropriate control strategies to reduce complications and prevent the dissemination of resistant bacteria isolates in foods. One health antimicrobial resistance surveillance system in the region must be a great concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Somda
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)/ IRSAT / Département Technologie Alimentaire (DTA) / Bobo-Dioulasso, 03 BP 2393 Bobo-Dioulasso 03, Burkina Faso; Laboratoire de Biochimie et d'Immunologie Appliquée (LABIA). UFR en Sciences de la vie et de la terre. Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies. Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - A Tankoano
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)/ IRSAT / Département Technologie Alimentaire (DTA) / Bobo-Dioulasso, 03 BP 2393 Bobo-Dioulasso 03, Burkina Faso; Laboratoire de Biochimie et d'Immunologie Appliquée (LABIA). UFR en Sciences de la vie et de la terre. Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies. Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - A Métuor-Dabiré
- Université de Dédougou, UFR/SAT, Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, BP 176 Dédougou, Burkina Faso.
| | - D Kaboré
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)/ IRSAT / Département Technologie Alimentaire (DTA). 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - J O I Bonkoungou
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire d'Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des agents Transmissibles par les Aliments (LaBESTA). Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, UFR/SVT 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - D S Kpoda
- Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Centre Universitaire de Ziniaré, 03 B.P. 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - B Sambe-Ba
- Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Pole de Microbiologie, 36, avenue Pasteur, BP 220, Senegal.
| | - Y Dabiré
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biotechnologie, Technologie Alimentaire et Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 PB 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - C K S Saba
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1882, Tamale, Ghana.
| | | | - H Sawadogo-Lingani
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)/ IRSAT / Département Technologie Alimentaire (DTA). 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - A Savadogo
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et d'Immunologie Appliquée (LABIA). UFR en Sciences de la vie et de la terre. Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies. Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
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Merhi G, Amayri S, Bitar I, Araj GF, Tokajian S. Whole Genome-Based Characterization of Multidrug Resistant Enterobacter and Klebsiella aerogenes Isolates from Lebanon. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0291722. [PMID: 36651778 PMCID: PMC9927356 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02917-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterobacter spp. and Klebsiella aerogenes are rod-shaped Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens. This study aimed at the molecular and genomic characterization of multidrug resistant Enterobacter spp. and K. aerogenes isolates recovered from hospitalized patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lebanon. A total of 59 Enterobacter spp. clinical isolates consisting of 41 carbapenem-resistant and 18 susceptible by Etest were included in this study. Genotypic identification through whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed and confirmed in silico. Resistance and plasmid profiles were studied using ResFinder4.0 and Plasmid-Finder2.1. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to determine the isolates' clonality. Using the average nucleotide identity (ANI) we identified and confirmed that 47 (80%) isolates were E. hormaechei, 11 (18%) were Klebsiella aerogenes and 1 (2%) was an E. cloacae. Carbapenem-resistance was detected among 41 isolates all showing an MIC90 of ≥ 32 μg/mL for ertapenem, imipenem, and meropenem. blaNDM-1 (58.5%), blaACT-16 (54%), and blaOXA-1 (54%) were the most common detected β-lactamases, while blaCTX-M-15 (68%) was the main detected extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) encoding gene. Chromosomal ampC, carbapenemase encoding genes, and porin modifications were among the detected carbapenem resistance determinants. The carbapenemase encoding genes were linked to three well-defined plasmid Inc groups, IncFII/IncFIB, IncX3, and IncL. MLST typing revealed the diversity within the studied isolates, with ST114 being the most common among the studied E. hormaechei.: The spread of carbapenem-resistant isolates in clinical settings in Lebanon is a serious challenge. Screening and continuous monitoring through WGS analysis could effectively limit the dissemination of drug-resistant isolates in hospitalized patients. IMPORTANCE Drug resistance is an increasing global public health threat that involves most disease-causing organisms and antimicrobial drugs. Drug-resistant organisms spread in health care settings, and resistance to multiple drugs is common. Our study demonstrated the mechanisms leading to resistance against the last resort antimicrobial agents among members of the Enterobacteriaceae family. The spread of carbapenem-resistant bacteria in clinical settings is a serious challenge. Screening and continuous monitoring could effectively limit the dissemination of drug-resistant isolates in hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Merhi
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Sara Amayri
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Ibrahim Bitar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - George F. Araj
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sima Tokajian
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
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9
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Osman M, Kassem II, Dabboussi F, Cummings KJ, Hamze M. The indelible toll of enteric pathogens: Prevalence, clinical characterization, and seasonal trends in patients with acute community-acquired diarrhea in disenfranchised communities. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282844. [PMID: 36913372 PMCID: PMC10010529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little information on the epidemiology of enteric pathogens in Lebanon, a low- and middle-income country that suffers from a myriad of public health challenges. To address this knowledge gap, we aimed to assess the prevalence of enteric pathogens, identify risk factors and seasonal variations, and describe associations between pathogens among diarrheic patients in the Lebanese community. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A multicenter cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in the north of Lebanon. Stool samples were collected from 360 outpatients suffering from acute diarrhea. Based on fecal examination using the BioFire® FilmArray® Gastrointestinal Panel assay, the overall prevalence of enteric infections was 86.1%. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) was the most frequently identified (41.7%), followed by enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (40.8%) and rotavirus A (27.5%). Notably, two cases of Vibrio cholerae were identified, while Cryptosporidium spp. (6.9%) was the most common parasitic agent. Overall, 27.7% (86/310) of the cases were single infections, and the majority, 73.3% (224/310), were mixed infections. Multivariable logistic regression models showed that enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and rotavirus A infections were significantly more likely to occur in the fall and winter compared to the summer. Rotavirus A infections significantly decreased with age but increased in patients living in rural areas or suffering from vomiting. We identified strong associations in the co-occurrence of EAEC, EPEC, and ETEC infections and a higher percentage of rotavirus A and norovirus GI/GII infections among EAEC-positive cases. CONCLUSIONS Several of the enteric pathogens reported in this study are not routinely tested in Lebanese clinical laboratories. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that diarrheal diseases are on the rise due to widespread pollution and the deterioration of the economy. Therefore, this study is of paramount importance to identify circulating etiologic agents and prioritize dwindling resources to control them and limit outbreaks in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Osman
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Issmat I. Kassem
- Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, United States of America
| | - Fouad Dabboussi
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Kevin J. Cummings
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
- * E-mail:
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10
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Kojok HE, Khalil M, Hage R, Jammoul R, Jammoul A, Darra NE. Microbiological and chemical evaluation of dairy products commercialized in the Lebanese market. Vet World 2022; 15:2575-2586. [PMID: 36590110 PMCID: PMC9798062 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2575-2586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Cheese is considered an essential component of the Lebanese table, however, several foodborne illnesses have been reported due to cheese consumption. This study aimed to assess the microbiological quality and the occurrence of antibiotic and pesticide residues in two traditional Lebanese cheeses, Akkawi and Baladiyeh. In addition, drug resistance of isolated pathogens from the cheese samples was evaluated. Materials and Methods Fifty Akkawi and Baladiyeh cheese samples were obtained in duplicate from 37 different commercial brands in supermarkets and shops from various regions of Lebanon. Samples of different weights were either individually vacuum packed or soaked in brine unpacked where it was placed in plastic bag after being purchased. Samples were homogenized to determine antibiotic and pesticide residues using liquid and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, and microbiological evaluation was performed according to the International Organization for Standardization reference analytical methods. The disk diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility of these isolates to antibiotics. Results Microbiologically, 17% of Akkawi and 14% of Baladiyeh samples were found to be non-conforming. The bacterial isolates (n = 29) were tested for their susceptibility to 11 different antibiotics commonly prescribed in the Lebanese community or used for treating infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria and listeriosis. Each isolate was found to be resistant to at least three antibiotics. Liquid and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy analysis showed the absence of pesticide residues in all samples. However, sulfamethazine antibiotic residue was found in 14% of the samples. Conclusion The results suggest that the cheese samples tested could cause foodborne illnesses due to the detection of pathogenic bacteria and are a public health concern due to the presence of antibiotic residues and the transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiyam El Kojok
- Department of Biological Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Faculty of Sciences, Tarik El Jedidah - Beirut, P.O. Box: 115020 Riad EL Solh 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Mahmoud Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Faculty of Sciences, Tarik El Jedidah - Beirut, P.O. Box: 115020 Riad EL Solh 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Rima Hage
- Department of Food, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar, Lebanon P.O. Box 2611, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Rola Jammoul
- Department of Food, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar, Lebanon P.O. Box 2611, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Adla Jammoul
- Department of Food, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar, Lebanon P.O. Box 2611, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon,Phytopharmacy Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture of Lebanon, Kfarchima, Lebanon
| | - Nada El Darra
- Beirut Arab University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tarik El Jedidah - Beirut, P.O. Box: 115020 Riad EL Solh 1107 2809, Lebanon,Corresponding author: Nada El Darra, e-mail: Co-authors: HE: , MK: , RH: , RJ: , AJ:
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11
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Joubrane K, Jammoul A, Daher R, Ayoub S, El Jed M, Hneino M, El Hawari K, Al Iskandarani M, Daher Z. Microbiological contamination, antimicrobial residues, and antimicrobial resistance in raw bovine milk in Lebanon. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2022.105455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Rima M, Oueslati S, Dabos L, Daaboul D, Mallat H, Bou Raad E, Achkar M, Mawlawi O, Bernabeu S, Bonnin RA, Girlich D, Osman M, Hamze M, Naas T. Prevalence and Molecular Mechanisms of Carbapenem Resistance among Gram-Negative Bacilli in Three Hospitals of Northern Lebanon. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101295. [PMID: 36289953 PMCID: PMC9598570 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem resistance (CR) is an emerging health issue. Epidemiological surveys on carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) in Lebanon remain scarce. In this study, we determined the prevalence of CR-GNB isolated between 2015 to 2019 in three hospitals in northern Lebanon: 311 CR-Enterobacterales (out of 11210; 2.8%), 155 CR-Pseudomonas (out of 1034; 15%) and 106 CR- Acinetobacter (out of 184; 57.6%) were identified. CR mechanisms were determined for 146 randomly chosen isolates: the Carba NP test revealed an enzymatic resistance to carbapenems in 109 isolates (out of 146, 74.7%). Produced carbapenemases were evaluated by the NG-Test Carba5, NG-Test OXA-23 immunochromatographic assays and PCR. Carbapenemase-producing (CP) Enterobacterales expressed blaOXA-48-like, blaNDM-like and blaVIM-like genes and CP-Pseudomonas expressed blaIMP-like and blaVIM-like genes, whereas CP-Acinetobacter expressed blaOXA-23-like genes. The NG-Test Carba5 results were confirmed by PCR sequencing and revealed several variants, such as NDM-19, VIM-62 and OXA-162, never described so far in Lebanon. Isolates with discordant results were sequenced by WGS and highlighted novel variants of the natural oxacillinases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: blaOXA-50-like genes. Their role in carbapenem resistance should be further studied. Overall, our findings highlight an alarming situation and encourage health care centers to establish performant registration systems that could help in limiting resistance spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Rima
- Team ReSIST, INSERM U1184, School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
| | - Saoussen Oueslati
- Team ReSIST, INSERM U1184, School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Bacteriology-Hygiene Unit, Bicêtre Hospital, APHP Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Laura Dabos
- Team ReSIST, INSERM U1184, School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Dina Daaboul
- Team ReSIST, INSERM U1184, School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Mallat
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
| | - Elie Bou Raad
- Clinical Laboratory, El Youssef Hospital Center, Halba 1302, Lebanon
| | - Marcel Achkar
- Clinical Laboratory, Nini Hospital, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
| | - Osman Mawlawi
- Clinical Laboratory, Tripoli Governmental Hospital, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
| | - Sandrine Bernabeu
- Team ReSIST, INSERM U1184, School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Bacteriology-Hygiene Unit, Bicêtre Hospital, APHP Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Rémy A. Bonnin
- Team ReSIST, INSERM U1184, School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- French National Reference Center for Antibiotic Resistance: Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Delphine Girlich
- Team ReSIST, INSERM U1184, School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marwan Osman
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
| | - Thierry Naas
- Team ReSIST, INSERM U1184, School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Bacteriology-Hygiene Unit, Bicêtre Hospital, APHP Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- French National Reference Center for Antibiotic Resistance: Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-4521-2019
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Dabbousi AA, Dabboussi F, Hamze M, Osman M, Kassem II. The Emergence and Dissemination of Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Lebanon: Current Status and Challenges during the Economic Crisis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11050687. [PMID: 35625331 PMCID: PMC9137902 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections and chronic airway diseases in non-clinical settings. P. aeruginosa is intrinsically resistant to a variety of antimicrobials and has the ability to acquire resistance to others, causing increasingly recalcitrant infections and elevating public health concerns. We reviewed the literature on multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa isolated from humans (nosocomial and community-associated), animals, and the environment in Lebanon, a country that has been suffering from a surge in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We identified 24 studies that described the epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of P. aeruginosa. Our analysis showed that the bacterium was predominant in lesions of patients on mechanical ventilation and in burn patients and those with diabetic foot infections and hematological malignancies. We also found that carbapenem resistance in P. aeruginosa isolates in Lebanon involved both enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms but depended predominantly on VIM-2 production (40.7%). Additionally, MDR P. aeruginosa was detected in animals, where a recent study reported the emergence of carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa in livestock in Lebanon. Notably, no studies evaluated the contribution of MDR P. aeruginosa in the environment to human infections. Taken together, our findings highlight the need for AMR surveillance programs and a national action plan to combat resistance in Lebanon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fouad Dabboussi
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon; (F.D.); (M.H.)
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon; (F.D.); (M.H.)
| | - Marwan Osman
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Correspondence: (M.O.); (I.I.K.)
| | - Issmat I. Kassem
- Center for Food Safety, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223-1797, USA
- Correspondence: (M.O.); (I.I.K.)
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14
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El Masri M, Haddad N, Saad T, Rizk NA, Zakhour R, Kanj SS, Zeenny RM. Evaluation of Carbapenem Use Before and After Implementation of an Antimicrobial Stewardship-Led Carbapenem-Sparing Strategy in a Lebanese Tertiary Hospital: A Retrospective Study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:729491. [PMID: 35402313 PMCID: PMC8990088 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.729491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The use of carbapenem before and after implementation of an antimicrobial stewardship-led carbapenem-sparing strategy at a tertiary care center in Lebanon was evaluated. Methods A retrospective, observational chart review was performed on all hospitalized pediatric and adult patients who received carbapenem therapy during January 2019 and January 2020. Patients who started their regimen before January or received carbapenems for less than 24 hours were excluded. Primary outcomes included the appropriateness of physician prescribing patterns and pharmacists’ interventions, as well as appropriateness and response rates of the latter. Secondary outcomes included the carbapenem defined daily dose (DDD) and days of therapy (DOT). Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis and a p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results A total of 157 and 150 patients charts were reviewed in January 2019 and January 2020, respectively. There was no difference in baseline characteristics except for inpatient services and rates of isolated multidrug-resistant organisms. When comparing the two timelines, the appropriateness of physicians’ prescribing patterns increased in terms of empirical therapy, targeted therapy, and duration of therapy but the results were not statistically significant. Pharmacists’ interventions significantly increased with regards to the duration of therapy (p= <0.001), dose adjustment (p<0.001), de-escalation to a narrower spectrum antibiotic (p=0.007), and use of extended infusion (p=0.042). The DDD and DOT were higher for ertapenem and lower for anti-pseudomonal carbapenems in January 2020. Conclusion The carbapenem-sparing strategy adopted by the antimicrobial stewardship program contributed to an increase in the number of interventions made by pharmacists on carbapenem therapy, including their appropriateness, and response rate. Despite an improvement in the physician-prescribing patterns, more awareness and education may be needed to achieve a better impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira El Masri
- Department of Pharmacy, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nisrine Haddad
- Department of Pharmacy, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Therese Saad
- Department of Pharmacy, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nesrine A. Rizk
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ramia Zakhour
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souha S. Kanj
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rony M. Zeenny
- Department of Pharmacy, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- *Correspondence: Rony M. Zeenny,
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15
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Megahed SH, Rasheed S, Herrmann J, El-Hossary EM, El-Shabrawy YI, Abadi AH, Engel M, Müller R, Abdel-Halim M, Hamed MM. Novel 2,4-disubstituted quinazoline analogs as antibacterial agents with improved cytotoxicity profile: Modification of the benzenoid part. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 59:128531. [PMID: 35007723 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to currently used antibiotics demands the development of novel antibacterial agents with good safety margins and sufficient efficacy against multi-drug resistant isolates. We have previously described the synthesis of N-butyl-2-(butylthio)quinazolin-4-amine (I) as an optimized hit with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and low cytotoxicity. In addition, we have identified a potential growing vector for this series of compounds. Herein, we describe further hit optimization which includes systematic diversifications of both the benzenoid part and the substituents at position 6 and 7 of compound I. Growing of the molecule beside the core modifications yielded several compounds with remarkable anti(myco)bacterial activity against a panel of pathogenic bacteria, including drug-resistant strains. Compound 12 showed a 2-4 fold improvement in activity than I against S. aureus Newman, S. pneumoniae DSM-20566 and E. faecalis DSM-20478. The compounds also showed a good safety profile towards human HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H Megahed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sari Rasheed
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ebaa M El-Hossary
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Ahmed El-Zomor St. 3, El-Zohoor Dist., Nasr City, 11765 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yahia I El-Shabrawy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf H Abadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Matthias Engel
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2.3, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mostafa M Hamed
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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Dankar I, Hassan H, Serhan M. Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of dairy farmers regarding antibiotic use: Lessons from a developing country. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:1519-1532. [PMID: 34998539 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In lower- and middle-income countries, uncontrolled use of antibiotics is causing antimicrobial resistance, affecting both animal welfare and public health. Meanwhile, studies on antibiotic use in these countries are limited. A crucial step to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is to examine the use of these drugs and identify its determinants. The aim of our study, the first of its kind in Lebanon, was to assess dairy farmers' knowledge and awareness of antimicrobial use (AMU) and AMR. For this, 18 farmers from different regions, educational backgrounds, experience levels, and herd sizes were interviewed. Results showed that owners of larger farms were more aware of AMU and AMR, and trying to implement preventive actions, whereas nonsystematic antimicrobial use was prevalent among the smaller farms. Mastitis and laminitis were the most treated diseases, and antibiotics used were oxytetracycline, penicillin, streptomycin, and florfenicol. Overall, antibiotic use was found as a preventive measure and a treatment of nonbacterial diseases. Irregular uses were linked to easy access of farmers to antibiotics, interrupted relations with veterinary authorities, and lack of self-assessment and inspection. Lebanese dairy farmers and owners reported feeling disadvantaged in their local trade field, facing illegal competition and unauthorized farms and industries, and lacking support from the government. Training and awareness programs must be implemented, and policies and regulations must be set, to reduce antibiotic use and hinder the spread of AMR in Lebanon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Dankar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Balamand, Al Koura, PO Box 100, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Hussein Hassan
- Nutrition Program, Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, PO Box 13-5053, Chouran 1102 2901, Lebanon.
| | - Mireille Serhan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Balamand, Al Koura, PO Box 100, Tripoli, Lebanon.
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17
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Occurrence of the Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 and Additional Antibiotic Resistance Genes in ESBL/AmpC-Producing Escherichia coli from Poultry in Lebanon: A Nationwide Survey. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0002521. [PMID: 34494875 PMCID: PMC8557922 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00025-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine genomic characteristics of expanded-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Escherichia coli spreading in healthy broilers in Lebanon in 2018. Rectal swabs (n = 280) from 56 farms were screened for the presence of ESC-resistant E. coli isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC production were determined by the disk diffusion method. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 102 representative isolates of E. coli was performed to determine their phylogenetic diversity, serotypes, sequence types (ST), acquired resistance genes, and virulence-associated genes. Fifty-two out of 56 farms housed broilers carrying ESC-resistant E. coli isolates. These farms had large and recurrent antimicrobial practices, using, for some of them, critically important antibiotics for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes. Among the 102 sequenced multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli isolates, the proportion of ESBL, plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase (pAmpC) producers, and ESBL/pAmpC coproducers was 60%, 27.6%, and 12.4%, respectively. The most prevalent ESBL/pAmpC genes were blaCMY-2, blaCTX-M-3, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-27, and blaCTX-M-14b (n = 42, n = 31, n =15, n = 9, and n = 7, respectively). These ESBL/pAmpC producers were distributed in different STs, most being well-known avian-associated and sometimes pathogenic STs (ST-10, ST-48, ST-93, ST-115, ST-117, and ST-457). Phylogenetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis confirmed their genetic diversity and wide dispersion across the Lebanese territory. Most isolates were also resistant to ciprofloxacin (101/102 with 3 QRDR mutations), and 19/102 isolates from 11 unrelated STs also carried the mobile resistance gene mcr-1. This survey illustrates the alarming prevalence of MDR E. coli resistant to medically important antibiotics in broilers in Lebanon. This advocates the need for surveillance programs of antimicrobial resistance in Lebanon and the reduction of excessive use of antibiotics to limit the spread of MDR E. coli in food-producing animals. IMPORTANCE Poultry production is a main contributor of the global trend of antimicrobial resistance arising from food-producing animals worldwide. In Lebanon, inappropriate use of antibiotics is frequent in chickens for prophylactic reasons and to improve productivity, resulting in an alarming prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli, also resistant to other medically important antibiotics (i.e., colistin and ciprofloxacin). Their complex genomic epidemiology highlighted by an important genetic diversity suggests that these resistance determinants are largely spreading in enteric bacteria in Lebanese poultry. Further molecular surveillance is needed to understand the country-specific epidemiology of ESBL/AmpC and mcr-1 genes in Lebanese poultry production. In addition, decisive interventions are urgently needed in order to ban the use of critically important antibiotics for human medicine in food-producing animals and limit the spread of antibiotic resistance in Lebanon.
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Aboushady D, Rasheed SS, Herrmann J, Maher A, El-Hossary EM, Ibrahim ES, Abadi AH, Engel M, Müller R, Abdel-Halim M, Hamed MM. Novel 2,4-disubstituted quinazoline analogs as antibacterial agents with improved cytotoxicity profile: Optimization of the 2,4-substituents. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105422. [PMID: 34700110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of bacterial resistance has triggered a multitude of efforts to develop new antibacterial agents. There are many compounds in literature that were reported as potent antibacterial agents, however, they lacked the required safety to mammalian cells or no clear picture about their toxicity profile was presented. Inspired by discovered hit from our in-house library and by previously reported 2,4-diaminosubstituted quinazolines, we describe the design and synthesis of novel 2,4-disubstituted-thioquinazolines (3-13 and 36), 2-thio-4-amino substituted quinazolines (14-33) and 6-substituted 2,4-diamonsubstituted quinazolines (37-39). The synthesized compounds showed potent antibacterial activity against a panel of Gram-positive, efflux deficient E.coli and Mycobacterium smegmatis. The panel also involved resistant strains including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, in addition to Mycobacterium smegmatis. The newly synthesized compounds revealed MIC values against the tested strains ranging from 1 to 64 µg/mL with a good safety profile. Most of the 2-thio-4-amino substituted-quinazolines showed significant antimycobacterial activity with the variations at position 2 and 4 offering additional antibacterial activity against the different strains. Compared to previously reported 2,4-diaminosubstituted quinazolines, the bioisosteric replacement of the 2-amino with sulfur offered a successful approach to keep the high antibacterial potency while substantially improving safety profile as indicated by the reduced activity on different cell lines and a lack of hemolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Aboushady
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sari S Rasheed
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ahmed Maher
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA University), 6(th) of October City, Egypt; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire hosted by Global Academic Foundation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebaa M El-Hossary
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Ahmed El-Zomor St. 3, El-Zohoor Dist., 11765 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eslam S Ibrahim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt; Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2/Bau D15, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ashraf H Abadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Matthias Engel
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2.3, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mostafa M Hamed
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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Al-Mir H, Osman M, Drapeau A, Hamze M, Madec JY, Haenni M. Spread of ESC-, carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli clones and plasmids within and between food workers in Lebanon. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 76:3135-3143. [PMID: 34534282 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Knowledge on the dynamic of MDR Escherichia coli in the human community is still limited, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Our goal was to decipher the dynamics of E. coli lineages and plasmids resistant to ESC, carbapenem and colistin within and between food workers in Lebanon using genomic-based approaches. METHODS Eighty-four healthy adults working in three bakeries were sampled twice at a 6 monthly interval. E. coli resistant to ESC (ESC-E), carbapenem (CP-E) and colistin (CO-E) were collected on selective plates. Non-duplicate isolates were whole-genome sequenced using the Illumina technology and plasmid transmission was assessed by long-read sequencing. Data were analysed using bioinformatics tools and SNP-based phylogeny. RESULTS ESC-E carriage rate reached 34.5% (t0) and 52.9% (t6), and 15 workers were positive at both t0 and t6. Carbapenem resistance (blaOXA-181, blaOXA-204, blaNDM-5) was found in five workers at t0 and two at t6, while colistin resistance (mcr-1.1) was found in five workers at t0 and one at t6. Forty-seven different STs were identified, of which three STs were predominant (ST131, n = 9; ST10, n = 5; ST69, n = 5). One worker presented the same ESC-E clone at t0 and t6. Twelve different events of clonal transmission among individuals were exemplified while plasmid transmission was only shown once. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed a high carriage rate of MDR E. coli (60.7%) and the emergence of CP and colistin resistance in the Lebanese community. Incidental and long-term ESC-E carriage was observed in 41.7% and 17.9% of the workers, respectively. The high clonal diversity suggests an important dynamic of acquisition and loss of MDR E. coli and limited plasmid spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Al-Mir
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.,Université de Lyon-ANSES laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
| | - Marwan Osman
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.,Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Antoine Drapeau
- Université de Lyon-ANSES laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Yves Madec
- Université de Lyon-ANSES laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
| | - Marisa Haenni
- Université de Lyon-ANSES laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
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Dagher LA, Hassan J, Kharroubi S, Jaafar H, Kassem II. Nationwide Assessment of Water Quality in Rivers across Lebanon by Quantifying Fecal Indicators Densities and Profiling Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10070883. [PMID: 34356804 PMCID: PMC8300662 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of contaminated water has been associated with severe disease outbreaks. Due to widespread pollution with untreated sewage, concerns have been raised over water quality in Lebanon, a country with well-documented challenges in infrastructure. Here, we evaluated the water quality of major rivers in Lebanon by quantifying the densities of fecal indicator bacteria (fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli). Additionally, we assessed the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant E. coli in river water. Composite water samples (n = 132) were collected from fourteen rivers, and 378 E. coli were isolated and analyzed. Fecal coliforms and E. coli were detected in 96.29% and 95.5% of the samples, respectively. Additionally, 73.48–61.3% and 31.81% of the samples exceeded the microbiological acceptability standards for irrigation and the fecal coliform limit for recreational activities, respectively. The E. coli exhibited resistance to ampicillin (40% of isolates), amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (42%), cefepime (4%), cefotaxime (14%), cefalexin (46%), cefixime (17%), doripenem (0.3%), imipenem (0.5%), gentamicin (6%), kanamycin (9%), streptomycin (35%), tetracycline (35%), ciprofloxacin (10%), norfloxacin (7%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (32%), and chloramphenicol (13%). Notably, 45.8% of the isolates were classified as multidrug resistant (MDR). Our results highlight the need to urgently address fecal pollution and the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in Lebanese rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea A. Dagher
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut (AUB), Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (L.A.D.); (S.K.)
| | - Jouman Hassan
- Center for Food Safety, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USA;
| | - Samer Kharroubi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut (AUB), Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (L.A.D.); (S.K.)
| | - Hadi Jaafar
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut (AUB), Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon;
| | - Issmat I. Kassem
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut (AUB), Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (L.A.D.); (S.K.)
- Center for Food Safety, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Osman M, Rafei R, Ismail MB, Omari SA, Mallat H, Dabboussi F, Cazer C, Karah N, Abbara A, Hamze M. Antimicrobial resistance in the protracted Syrian conflict: halting a war in the war. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:825-845. [PMID: 34223789 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Syrian conflict has damaged key infrastructure and indirectly affected almost all parts of the Middle East and Europe, with no end in sight. Exhausting conditions created by the Syrian crisis and related massive displacement promote the emergence of numerous public health problems that fuel antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development. Here, we explore the current situation of the Syrian displaced population, and AMR inside Syria and among refugees in host countries. We then suggest a roadmap of selected key interventions and strategies to address the threat of AMR in the context of the Syrian crisis. These recommendations are intended to urge health policy-makers in governments and international health organizations to optimize and push for implementing an effective policy taking into consideration the current obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Osman
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.,Department of Population Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Rayane Rafei
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad Bachar Ismail
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.,Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Sarah Al Omari
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Mallat
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Fouad Dabboussi
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Casey Cazer
- Department of Population Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Nabil Karah
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Aula Abbara
- Department of Infection, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
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Abboud Z, Galuppo L, Tolone M, Vitale M, Puleio R, Osman M, Loria GR, Hamze M. Molecular Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes of Bacterial Pathogens from Bovine and Caprine Mastitis in Northern Lebanon. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1148. [PMID: 34071800 PMCID: PMC8228836 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is an infectious disease encountered in dairy animals worldwide that is currently a growing concern in Lebanon. This study aimed at investigating the etiology of the main mastitis-causing pathogens in Northern Lebanon, determining their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and identifying their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. A total of 101 quarter milk samples were collected from 77 cows and 11 goats presenting symptoms of mastitis on 45 dairy farms. Bacterial identification was carried out through matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Molecular characterization included polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening for genes encoding extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and plasmid-mediated AmpC among Enterobacterales isolates, and virulence factors among Staphylococcus isolates. Escherichia coli isolates were subjected to phylogenetic typing by a quadruplex PCR method. The most frequently identified species were Streptococcus uberis (19.2%), Streptococcus agalactiae (15.1%), E. coli (12.3%), and Staphylococcus aureus (10.96%). Gram-positive bacteria were resistant to macrolides and tetracycline, whereas gram-negative bacteria displayed resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline. Two ESBL genes, blaTEM (83.3%) and blaOXA (16.7%), and one AmpC beta-lactamase gene, blaCMY-II (16.7%), were detected among six E. coli isolates, which mainly belonged to phylogenetic group B1. Among Staphylococcus spp., the mecA gene was present in three isolates. Furthermore, four isolates contained at least one toxin gene, and all S. aureus isolates carried the ica operon. These findings revealed the alarming risk of AMR in the Lebanese dairy chain and the importance of monitoring antimicrobial usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahie Abboud
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon;
| | - Lucia Galuppo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (L.G.); (M.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Marco Tolone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Maria Vitale
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (L.G.); (M.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Roberto Puleio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (L.G.); (M.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Marwan Osman
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon;
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Guido Ruggero Loria
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (L.G.); (M.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon;
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23
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Osman M, Bidon B, Abboud C, Zakaria A, Hamze B, Achcar ME, Mallat H, Dannaoui E, Dabboussi F, Papon N, Bouchara JP, Hamze M. Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Aspergillus clinical isolates in Lebanon. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:13-26. [PMID: 33438473 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We sought to provide first insights into the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility patterns of the aspergilli in Lebanon. Materials & methods: After species identification, antifungal susceptibility was investigated according to EUCAST recommendations. CYP51A gene was sequenced in resistant isolates and its expression level was evaluated by Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Results: Among the 73 Aspergillus isolates studied (mostly from ears), the predominant species was Aspergillus niger (54.8%). The overall drug resistance was highest for amphotericin B (38.4%), followed by itraconazole (31.5%), posaconazole (30.1%) and voriconazole (23.3%). In addition, CYP51A gene mutations were not the major cause of azole resistance among these isolates. Conclusion: Our findings indicate the paramount need for an integral One Health strategy and a national reference center for invasive mycoses and antifungals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Osman
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Baptiste Bidon
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, GEIHP, EA3142, SFR 4208 ICAT, Univ Angers, Univ Brest, Angers, France
| | - Cynthia Abboud
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.,Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, GEIHP, EA3142, SFR 4208 ICAT, Univ Angers, Univ Brest, Angers, France
| | - Ayate Zakaria
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Baraa Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | | | - Hassan Mallat
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Eric Dannaoui
- Paris-Descartes University, Faculty of Medicine, APHP, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Parasitology-Mycology Unit, Microbiology department, Paris, France
| | - Fouad Dabboussi
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Nicolas Papon
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, GEIHP, EA3142, SFR 4208 ICAT, Univ Angers, Univ Brest, Angers, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Bouchara
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, GEIHP, EA3142, SFR 4208 ICAT, Univ Angers, Univ Brest, Angers, France
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
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Osman M, B Halimeh F, Rafei R, Mallat H, Tom JE, Raad EB, M Diene S, Jamal S, Atrouni AA, Dabboussi F, Moudani W, Madec JY, Saras E, Lupo A, Haenni M, Rolain JM, Hamze M. Investigation of an XDR-Acinetobacter baumannii ST2 outbreak in an intensive care unit of a Lebanese tertiary care hospital. Future Microbiol 2020; 15:1535-1542. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We sought to investigate the genetic epidemiological relatedness of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) strains of a suspected outbreak in a Lebanese tertiary care hospital to implement necessary infection prevention and control measures. Methods: Twenty-eight nonduplicate CRAB isolates detected among hospitalized patients between January 2016 and July 2017 were studied by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing analyses. Results: Twenty-seven isolates harbored blaOXA-23, of which one also carried blaNDM-1. The isolates distributed temporally in two presumably episodes were stratified by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis into many clusters. Although several clones have become endemic in the hospital, we have rapidly implemented appropriate infection prevention and control measures, achieving full eradication from August 2017 to November 2019. Conclusion: We have successfully investigated and controlled a polyclonal outbreak of OXA-23 producing ST2 CRAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Osman
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Fatima B Halimeh
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, 19-21 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
| | - Rayane Rafei
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Mallat
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
- El Youssef Hospital Center, Halba, Lebanon
| | - Jad El Tom
- El Youssef Hospital Center, Halba, Lebanon
| | | | - Seydina M Diene
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, 19-21 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
| | - Sabah Jamal
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Ahmad Al Atrouni
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Fouad Dabboussi
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Walid Moudani
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Yves Madec
- Université de Lyon – ANSES laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, France
| | - Estelle Saras
- Université de Lyon – ANSES laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, France
| | - Agnese Lupo
- Université de Lyon – ANSES laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, France
| | - Marisa Haenni
- Université de Lyon – ANSES laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, France
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, 19-21 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
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Prevalence and Loads of Fecal Pollution Indicators and the Antibiotic Resistance Phenotypes of Escherichia coli in Raw Minced Beef in Lebanon. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111543. [PMID: 33114538 PMCID: PMC7692955 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat is an important source of high biological value proteins as well as many vitamins and minerals. In Lebanon, beef meats, including raw minced beef, are among the most consumed of the meat products. However, minced beef meat can also be an important source of foodborne illnesses. This is of a major concern, because food safety in Lebanon suffers from well-documented challenges. Consequently, the prevalence and loads of fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli were quantified to assess the microbiological acceptability of minced beef meat in Lebanon. Additionally, antibiotic resistance phenotypes of the E. coli were determined in response to concerns about the emergence of resistance in food matrices in Lebanon. A total of 50 meat samples and 120 E. coli isolates were analyzed. Results showed that 98% and 76% of meat samples harbored fecal coliforms and E. coli above the microbial acceptance level, respectively. All E. coli were resistant to at least one antibiotic, while 35% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The results suggest that Lebanon needs to (1) update food safety systems to track and reduce the levels of potential contamination in important foods and (2) implement programs to control the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance in food systems.
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Tanko N, Bolaji RO, Olayinka AT, Olayinka BO. A systematic review on the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria in Nigeria. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2020; 22:488-496. [PMID: 32348900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are numerous reported cases of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) producing Enterobacteriaceae in Nigeria. Yet, there are regions in Nigeria where cases of ESBL were under-reported. The review aims to assess the prevalence of ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria in Nigeria and the genes involved. METHODS An extensive literature search was carried out through an electronic database including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and African Journals Online (AJOL). Articles published between January 2004 and November 2019 were included in the study. The titles and abstracts of the retrieved articles were reviewed, and then the full texts of the selected articles were reviewed. Articles were divided according to geopolitical zones. RESULTS Among the 217 articles identified, 60 studies (10 from north-central, 4 from northeast, 7 from the northwest, 17 from the southeast, 10 from south-south, and 12 from southwest Nigeria) were included. The highest prevalence recorded was 82.3%, while the lowest was 7.5%. The genes TEM, SHV, and CTX-M were the predominant variant commonly found. The most frequently used phenotypic detection method is the double disc synergy test (DDST). CONCLUSION ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria in hospital and community settings in Nigeria were commonly found. The prevalence of ESBL is very high, with one of the geopolitical zones under-reported. Future research should be conducted in these zones where there are scant studies, and a holistic approach involving the clinicians, researchers, laboratory scientists, and patients will go a long way in reducing the dissemination of this resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuhu Tanko
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.
| | - Rebecca Olajumoke Bolaji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | - Busayo Olalekan Olayinka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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Al-Mir H, Osman M, Azar N, Madec JY, Hamze M, Haenni M. Emergence of clinical mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli in Lebanon. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 19:83-84. [PMID: 31493527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Al-Mir
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon; Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université de Lyon - ANSES Laboratoire de Lyon, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Marwan Osman
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Nadim Azar
- Department of Microbiology, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Yves Madec
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université de Lyon - ANSES Laboratoire de Lyon, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Marisa Haenni
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Université de Lyon - ANSES Laboratoire de Lyon, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.
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Osman M, Kamal-Dine K, El Omari K, Rafei R, Dabboussi F, Hamze M. Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant nasal carriage in food handlers in Lebanon: a potential source of transmission of virulent strains in the community. Access Microbiol 2019; 1:e000043. [PMID: 32974533 PMCID: PMC7470302 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the prevalence and virulence determinant genes of nasal colonization by Staphylococcus aureus among food handlers in Tripoli, Lebanon. Methodology Within a cross-sectional study design, nasal swab specimens were collected. Epidemiological and microbiological investigations were performed through conventional culture and MALDI-TOF-MS. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns and genetic virulence determinants including enterotoxin genes were also investigated for all isolates. Results The data herein show that S. aureus nasal carriage is highly prevalent (23.8 %), and that the rate of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) carriage was twice as high as in our last report in 2008. Several enterotoxin genes were detected in five isolates including one MRSA and four methicillin-sensitive S. aureus. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first investigation in the last decade to examine the carriage prevalence of S. aureus among food handlers in Lebanon. This work reports a concerning level of MRSA, and enterotoxin-producing S. aureus nasal carriage, which could potentially act as a contamination reservoir and lead to food poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Osman
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Khadija Kamal-Dine
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Khaled El Omari
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.,Quality Control Center Laboratories at the Chamber of Commerce, Industry & Agriculture of Tripoli & North Lebanon, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Rayane Rafei
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Fouad Dabboussi
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
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Khoder M, Osman M, Diene SM, Okdah L, Lalaoui R, Al Achkar M, Mallat H, Hamze M, Rolain JM. Evaluation of different testing tools for the identification of non-gonococcal Neisseria spp. isolated from Lebanese male semen: a strong and significant association with infertility. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:1012-1020. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- May Khoder
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, 19-21 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
| | - Marwan Osman
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Seydina M. Diene
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, 19-21 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
| | - Liliane Okdah
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, 19-21 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
| | - Rym Lalaoui
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, 19-21 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
| | | | - Hassan Mallat
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, 19-21 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
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