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Fernandez M, Callegari EA, Paez MD, González PS, Agostini E. Functional response of Acinetobacter guillouiae SFC 500-1A to tannery wastewater as revealed by a complementary proteomic approach. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 342:118333. [PMID: 37320920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter guillouiae SFC 500-1 A is a promising candidate for the bioremediation of tannery wastewater. In this study, we applied shotgun proteomic technology in conjunction with a gel-based assay (Gel-LC) to explore the strain's intracellular protein profile when grown in tannery wastewater as opposed to normal culture conditions. A total of 1775 proteins were identified, 52 of which were unique to the tannery wastewater treatment. Many of them were connected to the degradation of aromatic compounds and siderophore biosynthesis. On the other hand, 1598 proteins overlapped both conditions but were differentially expressed in each. Those that were upregulated in wastewater (109) were involved in the processes mentioned above, as well as in oxidative stress mitigation and intracellular redox state regulation. Particularly interesting were the downregulated proteins under the same treatment (318), which were diverse but mainly linked to the regulation of basic cellular functions (replication, transcription, translation, cell cycle, and wall biogenesis); metabolism (amino acids, lipids, sulphate, energetic processes); and other more complex responses (cell motility, exopolysaccharide production, biofilm formation, and quorum sensing). The findings suggest that SFC 500-1 A engages in survival and stress management strategies to cope with the toxic effects of tannery wastewater, and that such strategies may be mostly oriented at keeping metabolic processes to a minimum. Altogether, the results might be useful in the near future to improve the strain's effectiveness if it will be applied for bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilina Fernandez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS-CONICET), Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Eduardo A Callegari
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA.
| | - María D Paez
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA.
| | - Paola S González
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS-CONICET), Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Elizabeth Agostini
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS-CONICET), Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Metabolites produced by inoculated Vigna radiata during bacterial assisted phytoremediation of Pb, Ni and Cr polluted soil. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277101. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoremediation assisted with plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) is a green technology to remediate metal contaminated soils. Plants usually produce secondary metabolites to tolerate metal toxicity. Present study was designed to explore the phytoremediation potential of Vigna radiata var. NM-II in the presence of metal resistant PGPB and comparison of metabolites produced under heavy metal stresses (Pb, Ni, Cr). Three PGPB selected for present study include Bacillus pumilus MB246, Serratia nematodiphila MB307 and Delftia Lacustris MB322. Pot experiments were conducted with inoculated V. radiata NM-II seeds grown in soil artificially contaminated with lead (Pb), Nickle (Ni) and chromium (Cr) at a concentration of 300, 200 and 100 mg/kg respectively. After harvesting various growth parameters were studied (root length, shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight). Bacterial colonization on root surfaces of harvested plants was observed through Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Elemental composition was recorded through Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) attached with SEM. Metabolic response of harvested plants was studied through Gas chromatography Mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis. Metal accumulation in roots, shoots and soil was analysed by acid digestion method from which Bioaccumulation factor (BF) and Translocation factor (TF) of metal from soil to plant was calculated. Results revealed stimulatory effect of PGPB on growth and phytoextraction ability of V. radiata. Soil metal removal efficiency was in the order Pb>Ni>Cr, whereas metal distribution in each part of plant was root>stem>leaf. The BF and TF values suggested V. radiata as Pb and Ni excluder while moderate accumulator for Cr. Elemental analysis through Energy Dispersive X- ray spectroscopy (EDX) found potassium (K+)and calcium (Ca+)as highly abundant nutrients with least accumulation of sulphur (S). Metabolites study through GC-MS revealed variety of compounds (carbohydrates, amino acids, fatty acids, steroids etc) detected differentially under each metal treatment and their concentration was influenced by different bacterial inoculations. Overall 9-Octadecenamide was found as commonly present lipid compound in most of the treatments which is required for detoxification in plants. The study concluded beneficial role of PGPB for successful phytoremediation of heavy metals and differential response of metabolites towards each metal stress that is related to metal tolerance ability of V. radiata.
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Roskova Z, Skarohlid R, McGachy L. Siderophores: an alternative bioremediation strategy? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 819:153144. [PMID: 35038542 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Siderophores are small molecular weight iron scavengers that are mainly produced by bacteria, fungi, and plants. Recently, they have attracted increasing attention because of their potential role in environmental bioremediation. Although siderophores are generally considered to exhibit high specificity for iron, they have also been reported to bind to various metal and metalloid ions. This unique ability allows siderophores to solubilise and mobilise heavy metals and metalloids from soil, thereby facilitating their bioremediation. In addition, because of their redox nature, they can mediate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and thus promote the biodegradation of organic contaminants. The aim of this review is to summarise the existing knowledge on the developed strategies of siderophore-assisted bioremediation of metals, metalloids, and organic contaminants. Additionally, this review also includes the biosynthesis and classification of microbial and plant siderophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Roskova
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Skarohlid
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka McGachy
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Meesungnoen O, Chantiratikul P, Thumanu K, Nuengchamnong N, Hokura A, Nakbanpote W. Elucidation of crude siderophore extracts from supernatants of Pseudomonas sp. ZnCd2003 cultivated in nutrient broth supplemented with Zn, Cd, and Zn plus Cd. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:2863-2874. [PMID: 33751172 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This research aimed to study siderophores secreted from Pseudomonas sp. PDMZnCd2003, a Zn/Cd tolerant bacterium. The effects of Zn and/or Cd stress were examined in nutrient broth to achieve the actual environmental conditions. Acid and alkali supernatants and liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate and butanol were carried out to obtain crude extracts containing different amounts of the metals. The bacterial growth, UV-visible spectra of the supernatants and siderophore production indicated that the production of siderophores tended to be linked to primary metabolites. Pyocyanin was produced in all treatments, while pyoverdine was induced by stress from the metals, especially Cd. FT-IR spectra showed C=O groups and sulfur functional groups that were involved in binding with the metals. LC-MS revealed that pyocyanin, 1-hydroxy phenazine, pyoverdine, and pyochelin were present in the crude extracts. S K-edge XANES spectra showed that the main sulfur species in the extracts were the reduced forms of sulfide, thiol, and disulfide, and their oxidation states were affected by coordination with Zn and/or Cd. In addition, Zn K-edge EXAFS spectra and Cd K-edge EXAFS spectra presented Zn-O and Cd-O as coordination in the first shell, in case the extracts contained less metal. Although the mix O/S ligands had chelation bonding with Zn and Cd in the other extracts. For the role of S groups in pyochelin binding with the metals, this was the first report. The results of these experiments could be extended to Pseudomonas that respond to metal contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orapan Meesungnoen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kamrieng, Kantaravichai, 44150, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Piyanete Chantiratikul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kamrieng, Kantaravichai, 44150, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Kanjana Thumanu
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Nitra Nuengchamnong
- Science Laboratory Centre, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Akiko Hokura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Denki University, Adachi, Tokyo, 120-8551, Japan
| | - Woranan Nakbanpote
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kamrieng, Kantaravichai, 44150, Mahasarakham, Thailand.
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Hofmann M, Heine T, Malik L, Hofmann S, Joffroy K, Senges CHR, Bandow JE, Tischler D. Screening for Microbial Metal-Chelating Siderophores for the Removal of Metal Ions from Solutions. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9010111. [PMID: 33466508 PMCID: PMC7824959 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To guarantee the supply of critical elements in the future, the development of new technologies is essential. Siderophores have high potential in the recovery and recycling of valuable metals due to their metal-chelating properties. Using the Chrome azurol S assay, 75 bacterial strains were screened to obtain a high-yield siderophore with the ability to complex valuable critical metal ions. The siderophore production of the four selected strains Nocardioides simplex 3E, Pseudomonas chlororaphis DSM 50083, Variovorax paradoxus EPS, and Rhodococcus erythropolis B7g was optimized, resulting in significantly increased siderophore production of N. simplex and R. erythropolis. Produced siderophore amounts and velocities were highly dependent on the carbon source. The genomes of N. simplex and P. chlororaphis were sequenced. Bioinformatical analyses revealed the occurrence of an achromobactin and a pyoverdine gene cluster in P. chlororaphis, a heterobactin and a requichelin gene cluster in R. erythropolis, and a desferrioxamine gene cluster in N. simplex. Finally, the results of the previous metal-binding screening were validated by a proof-of-concept development for the recovery of metal ions from aqueous solutions utilizing C18 columns functionalized with siderophores. We demonstrated the recovery of the critical metal ions V(III), Ga(III), and In(III) from mixed metal solutions with immobilized siderophores of N. simplex and R. erythropolis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Hofmann
- Institute of Biosciences, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany; (T.H.); (L.M.); (S.H.); (K.J.)
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (D.T.)
| | - Thomas Heine
- Institute of Biosciences, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany; (T.H.); (L.M.); (S.H.); (K.J.)
| | - Luise Malik
- Institute of Biosciences, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany; (T.H.); (L.M.); (S.H.); (K.J.)
| | - Sarah Hofmann
- Institute of Biosciences, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany; (T.H.); (L.M.); (S.H.); (K.J.)
| | - Kristin Joffroy
- Institute of Biosciences, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany; (T.H.); (L.M.); (S.H.); (K.J.)
| | - Christoph Helmut Rudi Senges
- Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; (C.H.R.S.); (J.E.B.)
| | - Julia Elisabeth Bandow
- Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; (C.H.R.S.); (J.E.B.)
| | - Dirk Tischler
- Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (D.T.)
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Schwabe R, Anke MK, Szymańska K, Wiche O, Tischler D. Analysis of desferrioxamine-like siderophores and their capability to selectively bind metals and metalloids: development of a robust analytical RP-HPLC method. Res Microbiol 2018; 169:598-607. [PMID: 30138722 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The Actinobacterium Gordonia rubripertincta CWB2 (DSM 46758) produces hydroxamate-type siderophores (188 mg L-1) under iron limitation. Analytical reversed-phase HPLC allowed determining a single peak of ferric iron chelating compounds from culture broth which was confirmed by the Fe-CAS assay. Elution profile and its absorbance spectrum were similar to those of commercial (des)ferrioxamine B which was used as reference compound. This confirms previously made assumptions and shows for the first time that the genus Gordonia produces desferrioxamine-like siderophores. The reversed-phase HPLC protocol was optimized to separate metal-free and -loaded oxamines. This allowed to determine siderophore concentrations in solutions as well as metal affinity. The metal loading of oxamines was confirmed by ICP-MS. As a result, it was demonstrated that desferrioxamine prefers trivalent metal ions (Fe3+ > Ga3+ > V3+ > Al3+) over divalent ones. In addition, we aimed to show the applicability of the newly established reversed-phase HPLC protocol and to increase the re-usability of desferrioxamines as metal chelators by immobilization on mesocellular silica foam carriers. The siderophores obtained from strain CWB2 and commercial desferrioxamine B were successfully linked to the carrier with a high yield (up to 95%) which was verified by the HPLC method. Metal binding studies demonstrated that metals can be bound to non-immobilized and to the covalently linked desferrioxamines, but also to the carrier material itself. The latter was found to be unspecific and, therefore, the effect of the carrier material remains a field of future research. By means of a reversed CAS assay for various elements (Nd, Gd, La, Er, Al, Ga, V, Au, Fe, As) it was possible to demonstrate improved Ga3+- and Nd3+-binding to desferrioxamine loaded mesoporous silica carriers. The combination of the robust reversed-phase HPLC method and various CAS assays provides new avenues to screen for siderophore producing strains, and to control purification and immobilization of siderophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ringo Schwabe
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Environmental Microbiology Group, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, 09599, Freiberg, Germany.
| | - Marlene Kirstin Anke
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Environmental Microbiology Group, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, 09599, Freiberg, Germany.
| | - Katarzyna Szymańska
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Design, Silesian University of Technology, Ks. M. Strzody 7, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Oliver Wiche
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Biology and Ecology Group, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, 09599, Freiberg, Germany.
| | - Dirk Tischler
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Environmental Microbiology Group, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, 09599, Freiberg, Germany; Microbial Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.
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Sharma R, Bhardwaj R, Gautam V, Kohli SK, Kaur P, Bali RS, Saini P, Thukral AK, Arora S, Vig AP. Microbial Siderophores in Metal Detoxification and Therapeutics: Recent Prospective and Applications. PLANT MICROBIOME: STRESS RESPONSE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5514-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Kurth C, Kage H, Nett M. Siderophores as molecular tools in medical and environmental applications. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:8212-27. [PMID: 27492756 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01400c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Almost all life forms depend on iron as an essential micronutrient that is needed for electron transport and metabolic processes. Siderophores are low-molecular-weight iron chelators that safeguard the supply of this important metal to bacteria, fungi and graminaceous plants. Although animals and the majority of plants do not utilise siderophores and have alternative means of iron acquisition, siderophores have found important clinical and agricultural applications. In this review, we will highlight the different uses of these iron-chelating molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette Kurth
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, D-07745 Jena, Germany
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Johnstone TC, Nolan EM. Beyond iron: non-classical biological functions of bacterial siderophores. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:6320-39. [PMID: 25764171 PMCID: PMC4375017 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03559c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria secrete small molecules known as siderophores to acquire iron from their surroundings. For over 60 years, investigations into the bioinorganic chemistry of these molecules, including fundamental coordination chemistry studies, have provided insight into the crucial role that siderophores play in bacterial iron homeostasis. The importance of understanding the fundamental chemistry underlying bacterial life has been highlighted evermore in recent years because of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the need to prevent the global rise of these superbugs. Increasing reports of siderophores functioning in capacities other than iron transport have appeared recently, but reports of "non-classical" siderophore functions have long paralleled those of iron transport. One particular non-classical function of these iron chelators, namely antibiotic activity, was documented before the role of siderophores in iron transport was established. In this Perspective, we present an exposition of past and current work into non-classical functions of siderophores and highlight the directions in which we anticipate that this research is headed. Examples include the ability of siderophores to function as zincophores, chalkophores, and metallophores for a variety of other metals, sequester heavy metal toxins, transport boron, act as signalling molecules, regulate oxidative stress, and provide antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Papageorgiou SK, Katsaros FK, Favvas EP, Romanos GE, Athanasekou CP, Beltsios KG, Tzialla OI, Falaras P. Alginate fibers as photocatalyst immobilizing agents applied in hybrid photocatalytic/ultrafiltration water treatment processes. WATER RESEARCH 2012; 46:1858-1872. [PMID: 22284914 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ca alginate polymer fibers were developed to effectively disperse and stabilize an efficient photocatalyst such as AEROXIDE(®) TiO(2) P25 in their matrix. The biopolymer/TiO(2) fibers were prepared and tested either in the hydrogel non-porous form or in the highly porous aerogel form prepared by sc-CO(2) drying. Batch photocatalytic experiments showed that the porous, Ca alginate/TiO(2) fibers, exhibited high efficiency for the removal of methyl orange (MO) from polluted water. In addition, their high porosity and surface area led to high MO degradation rate which was faster than that observed not only for their non-porous analogs but also of the bulk P25 TiO(2) powder. Specifically, 90% removal for 20 μM MO was achieved within 220 min for the porous sc-CO(2) dried fibers while for their non-porous analogs at 325 min. The corresponding value (at 60 μM MO) for the porous sc-CO(2) dried fibers was 140 min over 240 min for the AEROXIDE(®) TiO(2) P25 as documented in the literature. Furthermore the composite alginate/photocatalyst porous fibers were combined with TiO(2) membranes in a continuous flow, hybrid photocatalytic/ultrafiltration water treatment process that led to a three fold enhancement of the MO removal efficiency at 400 ml of 20 μM MO total treated volume and to dilution rather than condensation in the membrane retentate as commonly observed in filtration processes. Furthermore the permeability of the photocatalytic membrane was enhanced in the presence of the fibers by almost 20%. This performance is achieved with 26 cm(2) and 31 cm(2) of membrane and stabilized photocatalyst surfaces respectively and in this context there is plenty of room for the up-scaling of both membranes and fibers and the achievement of much higher water yields since the methods applied for the development of the involved materials (CVD and dry-wet phase inversion in a spinning set-up) are easily up-scalable and are not expected to add significant cost to the proposed water treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Papageorgiou
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, NCSR Demokritos, 153 10 Agia Paraskevi Attikis, Greece.
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Chen L, Wang W, Sun W, Surette M, Duan K. Characterization of a cryptic plasmid from Pseudomonas sp. and utilization of its temperature-sensitive derivatives for genetic manipulation. Plasmid 2010; 64:110-7. [PMID: 20566404 DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Revised: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A new cryptic plasmid, named pMM101, in an environmental Pseudomonas sp. has been isolated, and its 2140-bp DNA sequence has been determined and analyzed. One open reading frame (Rep(MM)) similar to the rep gene of the rolling-circle replicon (RCR) group VIII has been allocated in the replication region where a putative double-strand origin dso and single-strand origin sso could also be identified. After in vitro mutagenesis by error-prone PCR and introduced into Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, a mutant plasmid which was stably maintained at 30 degrees C but not at 42 degrees C was isolated and analyzed. It had two nucleotide substitutions in the putative sso and dso regions. Replacing one of the two sites with wild type sequence resulted in similar instability at 42 degrees C, indicating either mutation could result in the temperature-sensitive trait. Using the mutant replicon, a Pseudomonas (temperature-sensitive)-Escherichia coli shuttle vector, pUM109, has been constructed and used successfully to disrupt P. aeruginosa genes. This temperature-sensitive vector provides an alternative tool for genetic manipulations in this industrially as well as medically important bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road North, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
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Braud A, Jézéquel K, Bazot S, Lebeau T. Enhanced phytoextraction of an agricultural Cr- and Pb-contaminated soil by bioaugmentation with siderophore-producing bacteria. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 74:280-6. [PMID: 18945474 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2008] [Revised: 09/07/2008] [Accepted: 09/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Bioaugmentation-assisted phytoextraction may enhance the phytoextraction efficiency thanks to larger metal mobilization by microbial metabolites. Green fluorescent protein-tagged cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens or Ralstonia metallidurans, able to produce siderophores, were inoculated in an agricultural soil containing Cr (488 mg kg(-1)) and Pb (382 mg kg(-1)) and maize was cultivated. Bacteria were inoculated as free or immobilized cells in Ca-alginate beads, with skim milk in the aim at improving both the bacterial survival and the in situ siderophore production. Skim milk addition increased inoculated Pseudomonads concentration in soil. Soil inoculation with free cells of R. metallidurans supplied with skim milk increased Cr accumulation in maize shoots by a factor of 5.2 and inoculation with immobilized P. aeruginosa cells supplied with skim milk increased Cr and Pb uptake by maize shoots by a factor of 5.4 and 3.8, respectively. However total metal taken up by the whole plant decreases almost always with bioaugmentation. Translocation factor also increased with P. aeruginosa or R. metallidurans by a factor of 6 up to 7. Inoculated bacteria concentration in soil was correlated with metals in the exchangeable fraction. Cr and Pb concentrations in the exchangeable fraction were correlated with metal contents in shoots or roots. Our results suggest that bioaugmentation-assisted phytoextraction is a relevant method in the aim at increasing the phytoextraction rate which usually limits the use of phytoremediation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Braud
- Equipe Dépollution Biologique des Sols, University of Haute-Alsace, 29, rue de Herrlisheim, BP 50568, 68 008 Colmar Cedex, France
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Lebeau T, Braud A, Jézéquel K. Performance of bioaugmentation-assisted phytoextraction applied to metal contaminated soils: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2008; 153:497-522. [PMID: 17981382 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2007] [Revised: 09/17/2007] [Accepted: 09/23/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bioaugmentation-assisted phytoextraction is a promising method for the cleaning-up of soils contaminated by metals. Bacteria mainly Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and fungi mainly Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) associated with hyperaccumulating or non-hyperaccumulating plants were analyzed on the basis of a bioprocess engineering approach (concentration and amount of metals extracted by plants, translocation and bioconcentration factor, and plant biomass). In average bioaugmentation increased metals accumulated by shoots by a factor of about 2 (metal concentration) and 5 (amount) without any obvious differences between bacteria and fungi. To optimize this process, new relevant microorganism-plant associations and field scale experiments are needed along with a common methodology for the comparison of all experiments on the same basis. Recommendations were suggested concerning both the microbial-plant selection and the implementation of bioaugmentation to enhance the microbial survival. The use of microbial consortia associated with plant was discussed notably for multi-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Lebeau
- Equipe Dépollution Biologique des Sols (EDBS), University of Haute-Alsace, 28, rue de Herrlisheim, BP 50 568, 68 008 Colmar Cedex, France.
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Bazot S, Lebeau T. Simultaneous mineralization of glyphosate and diuron by a consortium of three bacteria as free- and/or immobilized-cells formulations. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 77:1351-8. [PMID: 18026726 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-1259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2007] [Revised: 10/23/2007] [Accepted: 10/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A bacterial consortium able to mineralize two herbicides, glyphosate (Pseudomonas 4ASW) and diuron (Arthrobacter sp. N4 and Delftia acidovorans), was cultivated in both a synthetic culture medium without phosphate and a sediment extract medium. In the aim at optimizing glyphosate and diuron mineralization, all the combinations, i.e., free and/or immobilized cells in Ca-alginate beads were tested. With the synthetic medium, the simultaneous mineralization of glyphosate and diuron required at least the immobilization of Pseudomonas 4ASW. Conversely, with the sediment extract medium, only the mineralization of diuron was observed, most probably, because of both nutrient deficiency and phosphate in the sediment extract medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bazot
- Equipe Dépollution Biologique des Sols, Université de Haute Alsace, 68008, Colmar Cedex, France
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