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Lin Q, Liang Y, Luo X, Liu Z. Spatial evolution of global petrochemical risk and the influence by industrialization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:95566-95578. [PMID: 37552449 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The petrochemical industry is an integral contributor to the global economy and plays a critical role in improving the lives of people worldwide. However, its development has also led to frequent accidents, and the evolution and global impact of these risks have not been adequately assessed. This study is aimed at quantitatively analyzing the current state of petrochemical risk and its impact on industrial development in 58 coastal countries (regions) worldwide by identifying petrochemical risk impact indicators and constructing threshold regression models. We showed that the global petrochemical risk has been unevenly decreasing in recent years. In some countries (regions), the petrochemical risk remains unchanged or is increasing; in particular, coastal provinces of China need to address this issue. Moreover, when industrialization and economic development levels are < 53.6 and 34,918.4 USD/person, respectively, petrochemical accidents negatively affect industrial development; however, above these thresholds, they do not impact industrial development. Coastal areas of China and some developing countries are far below these thresholds. Therefore, the risk from petrochemicals remains a critical factor affecting industrial development in countries with low industrialization levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yahui Liang
- National Marine Environment Monitoring Center, Dalian, China.
| | - Xue Luo
- Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Zun Liu
- Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
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2
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He Y, Liu G, Hu S, Wang X, Jia J, Zhou H, Yan X. Implementing comprehensive machine learning models of multispecies toxicity assessment to improve regulation of organic compounds. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131942. [PMID: 37390684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning has made significant progress in assessing the risk associated with hazardous chemicals. However, most models were constructed by randomly selecting one algorithm and one toxicity endpoint towards single species, which may cause biased regulation of chemicals. In the present study, we implemented comprehensive prediction models involving multiple advanced machine learning and end-to-end deep learning to assess the aquatic toxicity of chemicals. The generated optimal models accurately unravel the quantitative structure-toxicity relationships, with the correlation coefficients of all training sets from 0.59 to 0.81 and of the test sets from 0.56 to 0.83. For each chemical, its ecological risk was determined from the toxicity information towards multiple species. The results also revealed the toxicity mechanism of chemicals was species sensitivity, and the high-level organisms were faced with more serious side effects from hazardous substances. The proposed approach was finally applied to screen over 16,000 compounds and identify high-risk chemicals. We believe that the current approach can provide a useful tool for predicting the toxicity of diverse organic chemicals and help regulatory authorities make more reasonable decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guohong Liu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun 558000, China
| | - Song Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianbo Jia
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiliang Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun 558000, China.
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Chen YPV, Zhuo Z, Huang Z, Li W. Environmental regulation and ESG of SMEs in China: Porter hypothesis re-tested. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:157967. [PMID: 35964737 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We examined the policy impact on the environmental and economic performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which is understudied in the literature. Using the Chinese National Private Firm Biannual Survey data from 2006 to 2014 for empirical testing, we found evidence for the positive effects of environmental regulation on firm environmental investment (weak Porter hypothesis) and predictive power of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors for firm profitability. Particularly, resources allocated for fulfilling social responsibilities (both internal and external) contribute to firm profitability, and firm owners/managers' membership with the Federation of Industry and Commerce and involvement in firm decision-making both are profit-enhancing but hindering environmental investment. Besides offering a large-N evaluative study of regulatory impact on SMEs, the results can also inform regulators and/or investors of screening strategies in engaging SMEs in sustainability transition, which has implications for both the success of the regulatory regime and the advancement of environmental and social wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiu Por Vincent Chen
- International Labor Organisation, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Genève 22, Switzerland
| | - Zihan Zhuo
- China Institute, Fudan University, No. 220 Handan Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zeying Huang
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics, Michigan State University, 426 Auditorium Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States of America.
| | - Wanxin Li
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Sadeghi F, Dehdashti A, Gilanic N, Fatemi F, Alizadeh SS, Khoshmanesh B. Prediction of time in industrial chemical accidents: A survival analysis. Work 2022; 74:1115-1124. [PMID: 36463476 DOI: 10.3233/wor-211333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chemical accidents have imposed casualties and high economic and social consequences to Iranian industries and society. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effect of risk factors involved in occurrences of the chemical accidents and predicted the time of occurrences in Iranian chemical factories. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was implemented in 574 chemical facilities with more than 25 employees from 2018 to 2020. Collecting data instruments were 2 checklists with 15 and 25 three-point Likert scale questions, respectively. Chi square and Monte Carlo tests assessed the relationships between independent risk factors and dependent hazardous chemical accidents. Cox semi-parametric and log-normal parametric models were used to predict the upcoming time of chemical accidents based on the impacts of risk factors understudy. Data analyses were performed using Stata and R software. RESULTS: The results showed that safety data sheets, labeling, fire extinguishing system, safe chemicals storage, separation, loading, transportation and training were statistically significant with occurrences of the chemical accidents (P-value < 0.05). Loading and transportation were mostly related to chemical incidents and reduced significantly the expected time of chemical events (P-value = 0.028). CONCLUSION: Establishing a comprehensive chemical accidents dataset and strict governmental supervision on chemical safety regulations are suggested to decrease the chemical accidents at regional and local levels in chemical plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadeghi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Dehdashti
- Research Center for Health Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Neda Gilanic
- Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farin Fatemi
- Research Center for Health Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Behnoush Khoshmanesh
- Department of Environmental, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran
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Zhu S, Zhang S, Lang H, Jiang C, Xing Y. The Situation of Hazardous Materials Accidents during Road Transportation in China from 2013 to 2019. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9632. [PMID: 35954988 PMCID: PMC9368641 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The safety situation of hazardous materials (hazmat) accidents during road transportation in China is severe and very serious accidents occurred frequently. Such accidents not only have a huge impact on the environment but also have serious consequences for people and the economy, such as fires and explosions. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the characteristics and laws of road transport accidents of hazmat systematically. This paper investigated 2777 hazmat transportation accidents in China from 2013 to 2019 to identify the characteristics, consequences, and causes of the accident. The results show that August (10.05%) and December (9.76%) are the peak periods of hazmat transportation accidents, while most hazmat transportation accidents occurred in the early morning (6:00-9:00 a.m.) and at noon (9:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.) hours. For the geographical location, the accidents mainly occurred in the east China (34.35%) and the northwest China areas (14.87%). The main types of hazmat transportation accidents were rollover (35.36%), rear-end (22.58%), and collision (14.87%), where the probability of a major leak was high. The most common hazmat transportation accidents involve gas (17.79%), flammable liquid (56.07%), and corrosive substance (12.28%). The most common consequences of the hazmat transportation accidents were leakage (80.34%), followed by fire release (8.32%) and explosion release (2.34%). Human factor (26.74%) is the main cause of hazmat transportation accidents. These findings could help hazmat transportation managers and planners develop appropriate measures for improving hazmat transportation safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxue Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Traffic and Transportation Security, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- China Eastern Technology Application Research and Development Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Hong Lang
- The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Chenming Jiang
- China Institute of FTZ Supply Chain, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yingying Xing
- The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
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A Statistical Analysis of Hazardous Chemical Fatalities (HCFs) in China between 2015 and 2021. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14042435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To study the occurrence characteristics of hazardous chemical accidents in China, mathematical analysis methods were used to study hazardous chemical fatalities (HCFs) in recent years. This research focused on selecting seven accident characteristics including time characteristics, geographical characteristics, accident type characteristics, hazardous chemical types, hazardous chemical production links, accident cause characteristics, and accident classification. The research results show that: (1) the occurrence of HCFs has obvious time-domain and regional characteristics, the number of casualties on Wednesday working days is the largest, 9:00–11:00 (inclusive) and 15:00–16:00 (inclusive) in a day are the two time periods with the largest number of incidents, the number of hazardous chemical accidents and deaths in economically developed coastal provinces is relatively high; (2) Analyze according to the type of accident statistics, the number of accidents and deaths caused by explosions, poisoning, asphyxiation, and fire are the largest; (3) Analyze according to the type of hazardous chemicals, drugs, compressed gas and liquefied gas, flammable solids, and spontaneous combustion materials, as well as flammable materials when wet are the types of hazardous chemicals that cause the most casualties; (4) Analyze according to the type of hazardous chemical accidents, the number of accidents and deaths caused in the production process is the largest; (5) Analyze according to the type of unsafe behavior by personnel, operator errors, the ignorance of safety, and the ignorance of warnings are the main causes of injuries and deaths caused by hazardous chemicals.; (6) Through single-factor feature analysis and multi-feature comprehensive cross-discussion, countermeasures, and suggestions for preventing and controlling accidents in hazardous chemical enterprises are put forward according to the characteristics of accidents caused by different accident characteristics.
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Huang Y, Mi F, Wang J, Yang X, Yu T. Water pollution incidents and their influencing factors in China during the past 20 years. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:182. [PMID: 35157150 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09838-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to explore the current situation of China's water pollution incidents for policymaking, accident prevention, and risk mitigation. This study analyzed 1528 water pollution incidents in China from 2001 to 2020 and explored the spatiotemporal characteristics and causes of incidents and consequent damage. The frequency of water pollution accidents increased in 2004, peaked in 2006, and decreased thereafter with a significant decline in 2016. Due to the developed river networks, high population densities, and increasing environmental awareness, pollution incidents were mostly concentrated in China's relatively industrially developed eastern coastal regions. Illegal emission is the major cause, accounting for 51% of all incidents, but with pipeline construction gradually approaching a peak, pipeline leakage poses a noteworthy risk in the future. Although the severity of accidents has reduced recently, it is still necessary to strengthen the risk prevention strategies for general and major accidents. Furthermore, three key factors, including economic development, regulations and legal system, and public participation in pollution supervision and control, which affect the trends and characteristics of water pollution incidents in China, were discussed. This paper offers valuable insights and suggestions that may have useful implications for policymaking and the prevention of water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Fengjiang Mi
- Xi'an Municipal Facilities Administration, Xi'an, 710016, China
| | - Jue Wang
- CCCC Third Highway Engineering Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100304, China
| | - Xuefu Yang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
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9
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Hao Y, Xu L, Guo Y, Wu H. The inducing factors of environmental emergencies: Do environmental decentralization and regional corruption matter? JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 302:114098. [PMID: 34794054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental emergencies are associated with great harm, sudden onset and high publicity and cause serious damage to a broad range of ecological environmental, human health and social properties in a short period of time. Environmental decentralization can help local governments strengthen their independence and make better use of the advantages of environmental information to curb the occurrence of environmental emergencies, but regional corruption significantly weakens its effectiveness. Therefore, based on panel data of China's 30 provincial administrative regions between 2005 and 2016, this paper applies the panel threshold model to explore the relationship between environmental emergencies, environmental decentralization, and regional corruption. The results indicate that, first, environmental decentralization, environmental administrative decentralization, environmental monitoring decentralization, and environmental supervision decentralization all have a negative influence on environmental emergencies; second, as the degree of corruption in a region increases, the effect of environmental decentralization on restraining environmental emergencies decreases; and finally, there is heterogeneity in the relationship between environmental emergencies and environmental decentralization in various regions. Environmental decentralization in the eastern and western regions negatively affects environmental emergencies, while there is a positive relationship between the two in the central region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hao
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing, 314001, China; Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China; Beijing Key Lab of Energy Economics and Environmental Management, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lu Xu
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yunxia Guo
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Li J, Goerlandt F, Reniers G, Feng C, Liu Y. Chinese international process safety research: Collaborations, research trends, and intellectual basis. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2021.104657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ma Y, Huang P, Cao J, Zhang J, Huang Y, Chen B. Analysis of a more sustainable method for recycling waste lead batteries: Surface renewal promotes desulfurization agent regeneration. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 137:319-328. [PMID: 34837743 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The traditional sodium desulfurization process for waste lead-acid batteries is beneficial to the environment; however, it is limited by poor economic viability as the cost of desulfurizer is much higher than the value of desulfurization by-products. This study proposes a new closed-loop pre-desulfurization process for lead paste, which consumes only lime as the indirect desulfurizer, produces sodium sulfate as a by-product, and regenerates sodium hydroxide as the direct desulfurizer. The concentration of prepared sodium hydroxide reached 2.57 mol/L when the reaction was conducted at room temperature for 2.0 h, with a sodium oxalate: calcium oxide molar ratio of 1:1.3, a CaO: water mass ratio of 1:6, and magnetic stirring at 600 rpm. Cost estimation and economic analyses were also conducted. The cost of lead paste generated by this new pre-desulfurization process was 37.62 dollars/ton lower than traditional high-temperature smelting, and 44.42 dollars/ton lower than direct sodium pre-desulfurization. Thus, this process provides a practical and feasible clean recycling method for waste lead-acid batteries with significant environmental and economic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ma
- Department of Chemistry of Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Peizhen Huang
- Department of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Chemistry of Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China; Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection of Engineering Technology Center of Air Complex Pollution Control (XTU), Xiangtan 411105, PR China.
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Biao Chen
- Department of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
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Cheng Z, Liu Y, Lin Z, Chen J, Chen Y. Research on emergency treatment technology for water pollution accidents where the pollutants are not included in the emergency database. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:2318-2334. [PMID: 34810314 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
At present, emergency treatment methods are selected based on case or technical database, and it is limited to chemicals in pollution accidents covered by the database. Based on the existing emergency treatment technical database, this paper adds a new chemical characteristics database from the physicochemical properties of chemicals such as toxicity and solubility. Combining the weight of characteristic indexes calculated by the Criteria Importance Though Intercriteria Correlation method combined with the Entropy Weight (CRITIC-EW) method and Manhattan distance, a model is constructed to preliminarily select alternative technologies for a target pollutant. Then, Decision-Makers (DMs) can evaluate alternative technologies using the compound language combined comparative language based on hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set (HFLTS) and single language. And alternative technologies are ranked by applying Technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method. The closest alternative technology is the most suitable. Taking Bisphenol A (BPA) pollution accident as an example, this method is verified. By analyzing physicochemical properties, forms, and uses between similar chemicals and BPA, as well as applicability of alternative technologies, the emergency treatment method proposed in this study is proved feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Cheng
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China E-mail:
| | - Ying Liu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China E-mail:
| | - Zhengjiang Lin
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China E-mail:
| | - Junwen Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China E-mail:
| | - Yu Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China E-mail:
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Huang YJ, Tao J, Yang FQ, Chen C. Construction Safety during Pandemics: Learning from the Xinjia Express Hotel Collapse during COVID-19 in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111498. [PMID: 34770013 PMCID: PMC8582799 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many construction accidents occur in China each year, leading to a large number of deaths, injures, and property losses. Due to the outbreak of COVID-19, little attention is paid to construction safety, resulting in severe accidents. To prevent construction accidents and learn to how address safety issues in future pandemics, this study proposed an improved STAMP (Systems Theoretic Accident Modeling and Processes) model to analyze the collapse accident of the Xinjia Express Hotel used for COVID-19 quarantine in China. Through the application of the STAMP approach, the causes of the construction accident and the relationship between various causal factors are analyzed from a systematic perspective. The identified causes are divided into five categories: contractors, management of organizations, technical methods, participants, and interactive feedback. Finally, safety recommendations are drawn from this study to improve construction safety and safety management in pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Huang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;
| | - Jing Tao
- School of Law, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;
| | - Fu-Qiang Yang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;
- Correspondence: (F.-Q.Y.); (C.C.)
| | - Chao Chen
- Safety and Security Science Group, Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, 2628 BX Delft, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (F.-Q.Y.); (C.C.)
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Jia Q, Fu G, Xie X, Hu S, Wu Y, Li J. LPG leakage and explosion accident analysis based on a new SAA method. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2021.104467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Shen X, Wei S. Severity analysis of road transport accidents of hazardous materials with machine learning. TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION 2021; 22:324-329. [PMID: 33849325 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2021.1900569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore a suitable method for analyzing road transport accidents that involve hazardous materials and to explore the main factors that influence the occurrence of accidents of varying severity. METHODS The 2015-2019 reported crash data from the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China were obtained, and road transport crashes involving hazardous materials were extracted as the analysis data. The dataset was classified into three injury severity categories: property damage only (PDO), injured (INJ), and fatal (FAT). A statistical model and three machine learning-based models were developed: a random parameters logit model (RPLM), multilayer perceptron (MLP), decision tree C5.0 (C5.0) and support vector machine (SVM). The four models were trained/estimated using the training/estimation dataset, and the best model was used to model accidents of the three different severity levels. The main factors that influence the occurrence of accidents at each crash severity level were obtained. RESULTS C5.0 had the best modeling performance. The direct accident form (DAF), indirect accident form (IAF) and road segment (RS) were determined to be the critical determinants of PDO accidents. The DAF, IAF, road type, RS and time had a substantial effect on INJ accidents. The DAF, IAF, hazardous material type (HMT) and road surface condition were important factors in the occurrence of FAT accidents. CONCLUSIONS Different data have unique characteristics, and the best modeling and analysis method should be chosen accordingly. The safety of road transport of hazardous materials in China is poor, and the losses caused by accidents are substantial. Strengthening the monitoring of travel speed and travel time; improving driver safety awareness, driving skills and the ability to mitigate emergencies; improving the configuration of vehicle safety equipment and the linkage with the control center and rescue center; improving the environmental differences between inside a tunnel and outside a tunnel; reducing the design of long downhill and steep slope sections; reducing the transport plan in unsafe environments; and improving the ability of road management to mitigate bad environments can be effective measures to reduce the severity of road transport accidents involving hazardous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Shen
- School of Automobile, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- School of Automobile, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
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Hou J, Gai WM, Cheng WY, Deng YF. Survey-based analysis of evacuation preparation behaviors in a chemical leakage accident: A case study. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2020.104219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Jiang W, Han W, Zhou J, Huang Z. Analysis of Human Factors Relationship in Hazardous Chemical Storage Accidents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176217. [PMID: 32867124 PMCID: PMC7504537 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Human factors are important causes of hazardous chemical storage accidents, and clarifying the relationship between human factors can help to identify the logical chain between unsafe behaviors and influential factors in accidents. Therefore, the human factor relationship of hazardous chemical storage accidents was studied in this paper. First, the human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS), which originated from accident analysis in the aviation field, was introduced. Since some items were designed for aviation accident analysis, such as the item "Crew Resource Management", it is not fully applicable to the analysis of hazardous chemical storage accidents. Therefore, this article introduced some modifications and changes to make the HFACS model suitable for the analysis of hazardous chemical storage accidents. Based on the improved HFACS model, 42 hazardous chemicals storage accidents were analyzed, and the causes were classified. After analysis, we found that under the HFACS framework, the most frequent cause of accidents is resource management, followed by violations and inadequate supervision, and finally the organizational process and technological environment. Finally, according to the statistical results for the various causes of accidents obtained from the improved HFACS analysis, the chi-square test and odds ratio analysis were used to further explore the relevance of human factors in hazardous chemical storage accidents. The 16 groups of significant causal relationships among the four levels of factors include resource management and inadequate supervision, planned inappropriate operations and technological environment, inadequate supervision and physical/mental limitations, and technological environment and skill-based errors, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; (J.Z.); (Z.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Wei Han
- Chongqing Banan Port and Shipping Management Center, Chongqing 400054, China;
| | - Jiankai Zhou
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; (J.Z.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhishun Huang
- School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; (J.Z.); (Z.H.)
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18
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Wang J, Fan Y, Gao Y. Revising HFACS for SMEs in the chemical industry: HFACS-CSMEs. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2020.104138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Hu X, Chen H, Yu M. Exploring the non-technical competencies for on-scene public health responders in chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear emergencies: a qualitative study. Public Health 2020; 183:23-29. [PMID: 32413805 PMCID: PMC7167558 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to define and delineate specific non-technical competencies for first-line public health responders in Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) emergencies in China. Study design A qualitative study was conducted in China involving interviews with key informants in the field of health response to CBRN disasters. Methods One-on-one in-depth interviews were carried out with 20 participants, including expert members of National Medical Response Teams for CBRN disasters, officials at emergency management authorities, and scholars of academic institutions related to CBRN emergency. Interviews were recorded using audio equipment, transcribed, and coded into codable passages as per grounded theory using NVivo software. Themes were identified within the transcriptions by using thematic analysis. Results A total of 159 codable passages were produced. Eight domains of non-technical core competencies were identified: (1) situation awareness, (2) communication skills, (3) collaboration, (4) resource management, (5) task management, (6) cultural competency, (7) austere environment skills, and (8) physical stamina. Conclusions The study identified a variety of competencies for on-scene public health responders in CBRN emergencies. The findings of this study could specifically benefit development of strategy and improvement of content of education and training. Further research that involves input from the disaster response community at large is needed for the validation of these competencies. Non-technical competencies affect performance of health response to Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) disasters. Austere environment skills and physical stamina are priority non-technical competencies for on-site public health responders in CBRN events. Effective CBRN health emergency training should integrate and synchronize courses based on non-technical/technical competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Hu
- Department of Health Services Administration, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - H Chen
- Department of Health Services Administration, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - M Yu
- Department of Health Services Administration, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Health Services Administration, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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20
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Tong R, Yang X, Zhao H, Parker T, Wang Q. Process safety management in China: Progress and performance over the last 10 years and future development. PROCESS SAFETY PROGRESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/prs.12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruipeng Tong
- College of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Beijing China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- College of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Beijing China
| | - Hui Zhao
- College of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Beijing China
| | - Trent Parker
- Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
| | - Qingsheng Wang
- Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
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21
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Ma C, Zhou J, Yang D. Causation Analysis of Hazardous Material Road Transportation Accidents Based on the Ordered Logit Regression Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17041259. [PMID: 32075317 PMCID: PMC7068377 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the influence factors and related causation of hazardous materials can improve hazardous materials drivers' safety awareness and help traffic professionals to develop effective countermeasures. This study investigates the statistical distribution characteristics, such as types of hazardous materials transportation accidents, driver properties, vehicle properties, environmental properties, road properties. In total, 343 data regarding hazardous materials accidents were collected from the chemical accident information network of China. An ordered logit regression (OLR) model is proposed to account for the unobserved heterogeneity across observations. Four independent variables, such as hazardous materials drivers' properties, vehicle properties, environmental properties, and road properties are employed based on the OLR model, an ordered multinomial logistic regression (MLR) is estimated the OLR model parameters. Both parameter estimates and odds ratio (OR) are employed to interpret the impact of influence factors on the severity of hazardous materials accidents. The model estimation results show that 10 factors such as violations, unsafe driving behaviors, vehicle faults, and so on are closely related to accidents severity of hazardous materials transportation. Furthermore, three enforcement countermeasures are proposed to prevent accidents when transporting hazardous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxi Ma
- School of Traffic and Transportation, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jibiao Zhou
- College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200082, China
- Intelligent Transport System (ITS) R & D Center, Shanghai Urban Construction Design and Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200082, China
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (J.Z.)
| | - Dong Yang
- School of Traffic and Transportation, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
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22
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You Z, Yu J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang B. A summary of the investigation report on the Tianjiayi explosion incident (21 March 2019). PROCESS SAFETY PROGRESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/prs.12132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuoling You
- Department of Safety Science & EngineeringChina University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao China
| | - Jing Yu
- Global Process Safety Group, CORTEVA™ Agriscience Shanghai China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Safety Science & EngineeringChina University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao China
| | - Yunrui Zhang
- Department of Safety Science & EngineeringChina University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Safety Science & EngineeringChina University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao China
- Centre for Offshore Engineering and Safety Technology (COEST)China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao China
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23
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Yang S, Feng X, Liu L, Zhang Z, Deng C, Du J, Zhao J, Qian Y. Research advances on process systems integration and process safety in China. REV CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2017-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Process systems engineering research focuses on the planning, design, operation, and safety of process systems rather than unit operations. In response to the rapid growth of the chemical process industry in the last 20 years in China, advanced system integration and process safety technologies are investigated and applied for better resource utilization, less environmental impact, and safer working places. In this regard, the review in this article consists of four main achievements: (1) process synthesis, (2) energy system integration, (3) water system integration, and (4) process safety management. The purpose of process synthesis and integration is to improve resource and energy utilization, at the same time lowering by-products and emissions. Optimization is conducted on process structure and operation, following the principles of resource coupling and energy cascade utilization. Typical examples are coupling of coal and hydrogen-rich resources and integration of coal-based polygeneration process of chemicals, electricity, and heat. Energy integration implements the coordinated optimization of total site energy systems. Reviews are made on specific methodologies based on the thermodynamics and applications of design and retrofit in ethylene, oil refining, and synthetic ammonia industries. There are energy savings by 10%–20% and yields increasing by 20%–30%. In addition, waste heat recovery and cold energy utilization are also important research areas. Reviews on the progress of water system integration and its industrial applications are also conducted. It includes the direct reuse, regeneration, and reuse/recycle in water systems and systems with internal water mains. Finally, safety management and technologies are also indispensable technological advancements of the process. The legislation system and the work safety-related standard system have been gradually established and enforced. Process safety research progress is reviewed, and questions are proposed for improving the accident prevention and safety management agenda.
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24
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North Pacific Baleen Whales as a Potential Source of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in the Diet of the Indigenous Peoples of the Eastern Arctic Coasts. TOXICS 2019; 7:toxics7040065. [PMID: 31861083 PMCID: PMC6958457 DOI: 10.3390/toxics7040065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Among marine mammals, gray and bowhead whales contain large amounts of fat and thereby constitute crucial dietary components of the traditional diet of indigenous peoples of the Eastern Arctic. Despite the high nutritional and cultural value of gray and bowhead whales, there is a risk of persistent organic pollutant (POP) intake by indigenous individuals who use marine mammals as their main source of fat. POPs are lipophilic pollutants and are known to accumulate and magnify along the marine food web. Consumption of foods contaminated by POPs can perturb the endocrine, reproductive, and immune systems, and can potentially cause cancer. Moderate to relatively high concentrations of POPs have indeed been reported in the edible tissues of gray and bowhead whales consumed by indigenous peoples of the North Pacific Ocean. Even though their consumption is potentially harmful, there is no regular monitoring of eco-toxicants in the foods consumed by the indigenous peoples of the Eastern Arctic. In our view, the routine analyses of consumable parts of whales and of comparable nutritional items need to be included in the Russian Arctic Biomonitoring Programme.
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25
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Yu Y, Yu Z, Xiang M, Zhou Z, Hu G, Zhang Y, Ma R, Li H. Screening and prioritization of chemical hazards for deriving human health ambient water quality criteria in China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 245:223-229. [PMID: 31154168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A two-step screening and prioritization approach of the chemical hazard to derive water quality criteria for the protection of human health in China was developed. Seventy-five potential candidate chemicals were identified in Step 1, and then were screened and scored in Step 2, based on three characteristics: detection frequency, toxicity, and human exposure. Substances with a score above 900 were considered the proposed candidates. Using this approach, 18 chemicals were successfully identified, and ranked in the following order: zinc, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, trichloromethane, arsenic, cadmium, gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), copper, benzo[a]pyrene, lead, benzene, fluoranthene, mercury, beta-HCH, anthracene, p,p'-DDT, and alpha-HCH. Additional chemical contaminants, including thallium, antimony, chromium (VI), and nitrobenzene, suggested by the Ministry of Environmental Protection for consideration during the development of the water quality criteria, brought the final number of proposed candidates to 22. These candidates belong to different groups: nine metals, four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), four pesticides, two phthalic acid esters, one halogenated hydrocarbon, and two monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. This list of pollutants will provide guidance when selecting the substances to be considered during the development of water quality criteria for the protection of human health in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences. Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Ziling Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences. Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Mingdeng Xiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences. Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhou
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Guocheng Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences. Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Ruixue Ma
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences. Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
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26
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Zhang N, Shen S, Zhou A, Chen J. A brief report on the March 21, 2019 explosions at a chemical factory in Xiangshui, China. PROCESS SAFETY PROGRESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/prs.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean, and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Shui‐Long Shen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of EngineeringShantou University Shantou Guangdong China
- Discipline of Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, School of EngineeringRoyal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) Victoria Australia
| | - An‐Nan Zhou
- Discipline of Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, School of EngineeringRoyal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) Victoria Australia
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean, and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
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27
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Hou HR, Tong Y, Ren C, Meng QH. A gas source declaration scheme based on a tetrahedral sensor structure in three-dimensional airflow environments. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:024104. [PMID: 30831740 DOI: 10.1063/1.5023137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A gas source declaration scheme based on a tetrahedral sensor structure in three-dimensional airflow environments is proposed. First, a tetrahedral sensor structure was established. Based on the tetrahedral structure, the gas source declaration problem was converted into a two-class classification issue. Then a classification algorithm combining an extreme learning machine (ELM, a fast neural network classifier) with a gas mass flux criterion is proposed. A novel calculation method for the mass flux through a closed tetrahedral surface is presented, and a mass flux criterion was developed which acts as a training sample filter for the ELM. The source declaration scheme was validated by using both regular and irregular tetrahedron experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Rang Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Institute of Robotics and Autonomous Systems, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuan Tong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Institute of Robotics and Autonomous Systems, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chao Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Institute of Robotics and Autonomous Systems, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qing-Hao Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Institute of Robotics and Autonomous Systems, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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28
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Athar M, Mohd Shariff A, Buang A, Shuaib Shaikh M, Ishaq Khan M. Review of Process Industry Accidents Analysis towards Safety System Improvement and Sustainable Process Design. Chem Eng Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201800215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Athar
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONASCentre of Advanced Process Safety (CAPS)Chemical Engineering Department 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan Malaysia
| | - Azmi Mohd Shariff
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONASCentre of Advanced Process Safety (CAPS)Chemical Engineering Department 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan Malaysia
| | - Azizul Buang
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONASCentre of Advanced Process Safety (CAPS)Chemical Engineering Department 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Shuaib Shaikh
- Mehran University of Engineering and TechnologyDepartment of Chemical Engineering 76062 Jamshoro, Sindh Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishaq Khan
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONASCentre of Advanced Process Safety (CAPS)Chemical Engineering Department 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan Malaysia
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29
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Wang B, Wu C, Reniers G, Huang L, Kang L, Zhang L. The future of hazardous chemical safety in China: Opportunities, problems, challenges and tasks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 643:1-11. [PMID: 29935358 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
China is a major country producing and using hazardous chemicals. Unfortunately, the hazardous chemical industry is still one of the most high-risk industries in China. In recent years, especially after two devastating hazardous chemical accidents, namely "Qingdao 11.2 Crude Oil Leaking and Explosion Accident" and "Tianjin Port 8.12 Fire and Explosion Accident" which occurred in 2013 and 2015 respectively, China has attached great importance to hazardous chemical safety. The period between 2016 and 2017 is a crucial period for the future direction of hazardous chemical safety in China because China released a series of important government documents (such as 'Thirteenth Five-Year (2016-2020) Plan for Hazardous Chemical Safety' and 'Comprehensive Plan for Hazardous Chemical Safety Management (December 2016-November 2019)') to promote hazardous chemical safety in the future. What is the future development of China's hazardous chemical safety? To answer this question, this paper attempts to briefly analyze and introduce the opportunities, problems, challenges and tasks of the future of safety with hazardous chemical industrial activities in China, according to the current situation of hazardous chemical safety in China and using the latest government documents and studies. Obviously, this study can provide useful evidence and suggestions for the future of safety management in the hazardous chemical industry both within China and in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China; Safety & Security Theory Innovation and Promotion Center, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Chao Wu
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China; Safety & Security Theory Innovation and Promotion Center, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China
| | - Genserik Reniers
- Safety and Security Science Group (S3G), Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, TU Delft, 2628 BX Delft, Netherlands; Faculty of Applied Economics, Dept. ENM, University of Antwerp, Prinsstraat 13, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium; RIVM, Dutch Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Lang Huang
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China; Safety & Security Theory Innovation and Promotion Center, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China
| | - Liangguo Kang
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China; Safety & Security Theory Innovation and Promotion Center, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China
| | - Laobing Zhang
- Safety and Security Science Group (S3G), Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, TU Delft, 2628 BX Delft, Netherlands
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30
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Jiang J, Cui F, Shen S, Guo X, Ni L, Pan Y. New Thermal Runaway Risk Assessment Methods for Two Step Synthesis Reactions. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Colege of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fusheng Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Colege of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Saili Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Colege of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuxia Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Colege of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Ni
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Colege of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Colege of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
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31
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Gao Y, Fan Y, Wang J, Pei J. Procedural management of safety regulations and rules for the chemical industry. PROCESS SAFETY PROGRESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/prs.11999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunxiao Fan
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jingjing Pei
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
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32
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An Analysis of Hazardous Chemical Accidents in China between 2006 and 2017. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10082935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
From the perspective of characteristics and causes, probability and forecast, and safety management evaluation, this paper analyzes 3974 hazardous chemical casualty accidents that occurred between 2006 and 2017 in China. The trends, monthly and hourly distributions, lifecycles, chemical and accident types, and the direct and indirect causes of casualty accidents are analyzed first. To estimate the probability of casualty accidents, the Poisson regression model is employed. The time series model is developed to forecast the number of casualty accidents. The safety management of hazardous chemicals is evaluated based on an inverted U-shaped curve that fits the relationship between the number of casualty accidents and petrochemical industry outputs. Moreover, measures for improving the safety management of hazardous chemicals are provided based on the analysis, forecast, and evaluation. The results show that the probability of 200–600 casualty accidents occurring per year in China is 59.10%. Sixteen of thirty provinces are identified as having better safety management with regard to hazardous chemicals.
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33
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Cao G, Yang L, Liu L, Ma Z, Wang J, Bi J. Environmental incidents in China: Lessons from 2006 to 2015. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 633:1165-1172. [PMID: 29758868 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental incidents are among the most significant environmental challenges in China. Hundreds of environmental incidents occur every year, endangering human health and ecosystems. In this paper, we conducted an analytical study of environmental incidents from 2006 to 2015 in China. We first examined the spatiotemporal characteristics of the total 5213 incidents based on the statistical data collected from the China Statistical Yearbook on Environment. We then examined the characteristics of the sources of risk, causes of harm and resulting damage of environmental incidents based on first-hand data from 1369 cases collected by the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) of China, which obtains detailed incident information. The results show that (1) there was a significant downward trend in the overall number of environmental incidents between 2006 and 2015, and developed eastern regions were high incidence areas; (2) hazardous chemicals were the main risk stressors; (3) production safety accidents and traffic accidents were the two major causes, and (4) most of these incidents resulted in polluted water and air. This paper is the first to provide a longitudinal analysis of the full scope of environmental incidents across the different regions of China, which has useful implications for policy-making and environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Planning and Policy Simulation, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingxuan Liu
- Lancaster University Management School, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Zongwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jinnan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Planning and Policy Simulation, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing, China.
| | - Jun Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Ren C, Wu Q, Zhang C, Zhang S. A Normal Distribution-Based Methodology for Analysis of Fatal Accidents in Land Hazardous Material Transportation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15071437. [PMID: 29986506 PMCID: PMC6068662 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The deaths of accident occurring in land hazardous material transport (rail and road) is a scale standard for judging accident severity in safety programmes. The f-N curve is a common practice to express the results from past scattered accident data through curve fitting method, which only estimate the overall trend. For this reason, this paper proposed a simple methodology by combination of normal distribution and f-N curve. To verify the method, the following three sets of statistical data were selected and analysed in this study: 1932 accidents in over 95 countries (1931⁻2004) and 322 accidents in China (2000⁻2008) available in the literature, and 2046 accidents investigated in China (2013⁻2017). It was found that the mean value curve is almost identical or even better than the best-fitted curve, while the predicted upper and lower limits with 96% reliability (±2σ) covering nearly all the statistical data are beyond the scope of common curve fitting. The result explains the inherent relation between accumulated frequency and deaths in different transport mode, in different country and at different period. This study also provides insights on the evolution of accident severity with the development of social economy and the requirement of safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Ren
- School of Economics and Management, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China.
| | - Qunqi Wu
- School of Economics and Management, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China.
| | - Chunguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology and Equipment, MOE, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China.
| | - Shengzhong Zhang
- School of Economics and Management, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China.
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Wu D, Song Y, Xie K, Zhang B. Traits and causes of environmental loss-related chemical accidents in China based on co-word analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:18189-18199. [PMID: 29696537 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical accidents are major causes of environmental losses and have been debated due to the potential threat to human beings and environment. Compared with the single statistical analysis, co-word analysis of chemical accidents illustrates significant traits at various levels and presents data into a visual network. This study utilizes a co-word analysis of the keywords extracted from the Web crawling texts of environmental loss-related chemical accidents and uses the Pearson's correlation coefficient to examine the internal attributes. To visualize the keywords of the accidents, this study carries out a multidimensional scaling analysis applying PROXSCAL and centrality identification. The research results show that an enormous environmental cost is exacted, especially given the expected environmental loss-related chemical accidents with geographical features. Meanwhile, each event often brings more than one environmental impact. Large number of chemical substances are released in the form of solid, liquid, and gas, leading to serious results. Eight clusters that represent the traits of these accidents are formed, including "leakage," "poisoning," "explosion," "pipeline crack," "river pollution," "dust pollution," "emission," and "industrial effluent." "Explosion" and "gas" possess a strong correlation with "poisoning," located at the center of visualization map.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desheng Wu
- Stockholm Business School, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Song
- Stockholm Business School, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
- School of Management, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Kefan Xie
- School of Management, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Baofeng Zhang
- Stockholm Business School, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, JinZhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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36
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Xu Y, Li J, Tan Q, Peters AL, Yang C. Global status of recycling waste solar panels: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 75:450-458. [PMID: 29472153 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With the enormous growth in the development and utilization of solar-energy resources, the proliferation of waste solar panels has become problematic. While current research into solar panels has focused on how to improve the efficiency of the production capacity, the dismantling and recycling of end-of-life (EOL) panels are seldom considered, as can be seen, for instance, in the lack of dedicated solar-panel recycling plants. EOL solar-panel recycling can effectively save natural resources and reduce the cost of production. To address the environmental conservation and resource recycling issues posed by the huge amount of waste solar panels regarding environmental conservation and resource recycling, the status of the management and recycling technologies for waste solar panels are systemically reviewed and discussed in this article. This review can provide a quantitative basis to support the recycling of PV panels, and suggests future directions for public policy makers. At present, from the technical aspect, the research on solar panel recovery is facing many problems, and we need to further develop an economically feasible and non-toxic technology. The research on solar photovoltaic panels' management at the end of life is just beginning in many countries, and there is a need for further improvement and expansion of producer responsibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Quanyin Tan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Anesia Lauren Peters
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Congren Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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37
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Peng D, Ouyang F, Liang X, Guo X, Dang Z, Zheng L. Sorption of crude oil by enzyme-modified corn stalk vs. chemically treated corn stalk. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.01.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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38
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Zhang H, Duan H, Zuo J, Song M, Zhang Y, Yang B, Niu Y. Characterization of post-disaster environmental management for Hazardous Materials Incidents: Lessons learnt from the Tianjin warehouse explosion, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 199:21-30. [PMID: 28525808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous Materials Incidents (HMIs) have attracted a growing public concern worldwide. The health risks and environmental implications associated with HMIs are almost invariably severe, and underscore the urgency for sound management. Hazardous Materials Explosion incidents (HMEIs) belong to a category of extremely serious HMIs. Existing studies placed focuses predominately on the promptness and efficiency of emergency responses to HMIs and HMEIs. By contrast, post-disaster environmental management has been largely overlooked. Very few studies attempted to examine the post-disaster environmental management plan particularly its effectiveness and sufficiency. In the event of the Tianjin warehouse explosion (TWE), apart from the immediate emergency response, the post-disaster environmental management systems (P-EMSs) have been reported to be effective and sufficient in dealing with the environmental concerns. Therefore, this study aims to critically investigate the P-EMSs for the TWE, and consequently to propose a framework and procedures for P-EMSs in general for HMIs, particularly for HMEIs. These findings provide a useful reference to develop P-EMSs for HMIs in the future, not only in China but also other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Smart City Research Institute, College of Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huabo Duan
- Smart City Research Institute, College of Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jian Zuo
- School of Architecture & Built Environment, Entrepreneurship, Commercialisation and Innovation Centre (ECIC), The University of Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - MingWei Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yukui Zhang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEP, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yongning Niu
- Smart City Research Institute, College of Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China.
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39
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Kumar S, Chawla S, Zou MC. Calixarenes based materials for gas sensing applications: a review. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-017-0728-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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40
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Qu J, Meng X, Ye X, You H. Characteristic variation and original analysis of emergent water source pollution accidents in China between 1985 and 2013. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:19675-19685. [PMID: 27402253 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7164-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
China has suffered various water source pollution incidents in the past decades, which have resulted in severe threats to the safety of the water supply for millions of residents. From the aspects of quantity fluctuation, temporal volatility, regional inequality, pollutant category variation, and accident type differences, this study first characterizes the current status of water source contaminations in China by analyzing 340 pollution events for the period spanning from 1985 to 2013. The results show a general increase in the number of accidents during the period 1985-2006 and then a rapid decline starting in 2007. Spring and summer are high-incidence seasons for pollution, and the accident rate in developed southeastern coastal areas is far higher than that in the northwestern regions. Hazardous chemicals and petroleum are the most frequently occurring pollutants, whereas heavy metals and tailings are becoming emerging contaminants during occasional pollutions. Most of the accidents that occurred before 2005 were blamed on illegal emissions or traffic accidents; however, leakage in production has gradually become a major accident type in the past decade. Then, in combination with government actions and policy constraints, this paper explores the deep inducements and offers valuable insight into measures that should be taken to ensure future prevention and mitigation of emergent source water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Qu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Xianlin Meng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Xiuqing Ye
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Hong You
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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41
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Qu J, Meng X, You H. Multi-stage ranking of emergency technology alternatives for water source pollution accidents using a fuzzy group decision making tool. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 310:68-81. [PMID: 26897576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to the increasing number of unexpected water source pollution events, selection of the most appropriate disposal technology for a specific pollution scenario is of crucial importance to the security of urban water supplies. However, the formulation of the optimum option is considerably difficult owing to the substantial uncertainty of such accidents. In this research, a multi-stage technical screening and evaluation tool is proposed to determine the optimal technique scheme, considering the areas of pollutant elimination both in drinking water sources and water treatment plants. In stage 1, a CBR-based group decision tool was developed to screen available technologies for different scenarios. Then, the threat degree caused by the pollution was estimated in stage 2 using a threat evaluation system and was partitioned into four levels. For each threat level, a corresponding set of technique evaluation criteria weights was obtained using Group-G1. To identify the optimization alternatives corresponding to the different threat levels, an extension of TOPSIS, a multi-criteria interval-valued trapezoidal fuzzy decision making technique containing the four arrays of criteria weights, to a group decision environment was investigated in stage 3. The effectiveness of the developed tool was elaborated by two actual thallium-contaminated scenarios associated with different threat levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Qu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xianlin Meng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Hong You
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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42
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Long Y, Xu G, Ma C, Chen L. Emergency control system based on the analytical hierarchy process and coordinated development degree model for sudden water pollution accidents in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:12332-12342. [PMID: 26979314 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Water transfer projects are important for realizing reasonable allocation of water resources, but once a water pollution accident occurs during such a project, the water environment is exposed to enormous risks. Therefore, it is critical to determine an appropriate emergency control system (ECS) for sudden water pollution accidents that occur in water transfer projects. In this study, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) integrated with the coordinated development degree model (CDDM) was used to develop the ECS. This ECS was developed into two parts, including the emergency risk assessment and the emergency control. Feasible emergency control targets and control technology were also proposed for different sudden water pollution accidents. A demonstrative project was conducted in the Fangshui to Puyang channel, which is part of the Beijing-Shijiazhuang Emergency Water Supply Project (BSP) in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project (MR-SNWTP) in China. However, we could not use an actual toxic soluble pollutant to validate our ECS, so we performed the experiment with sucrose to test the ECS based on its concentration variation. The relative error of peak sucrose concentration was less than 20 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Long
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Guobin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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43
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44
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Water Quality Assessment and Pollution Source Identification of the Eastern Poyang Lake Basin Using Multivariate Statistical Methods. SUSTAINABILITY 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/su8020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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45
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Tang C, Yi Y, Yang Z, Sun J. Risk analysis of emergent water pollution accidents based on a Bayesian Network. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 165:199-205. [PMID: 26433361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To guarantee the security of water quality in water transfer channels, especially in open channels, analysis of potential emergent pollution sources in the water transfer process is critical. It is also indispensable for forewarnings and protection from emergent pollution accidents. Bridges above open channels with large amounts of truck traffic are the main locations where emergent accidents could occur. A Bayesian Network model, which consists of six root nodes and three middle layer nodes, was developed in this paper, and was employed to identify the possibility of potential pollution risk. Dianbei Bridge is reviewed as a typical bridge on an open channel of the Middle Route of the South to North Water Transfer Project where emergent traffic accidents could occur. Risk of water pollutions caused by leakage of pollutants into water is focused in this study. The risk for potential traffic accidents at the Dianbei Bridge implies a risk for water pollution in the canal. Based on survey data, statistical analysis, and domain specialist knowledge, a Bayesian Network model was established. The human factor of emergent accidents has been considered in this model. Additionally, this model has been employed to describe the probability of accidents and the risk level. The sensitive reasons for pollution accidents have been deduced. The case has also been simulated that sensitive factors are in a state of most likely to lead to accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Science, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yujun Yi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Science, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Zhifeng Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Science, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Science, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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46
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Spatial-Temporal Hotspot Pattern Analysis of Provincial Environmental Pollution Incidents and Related Regional Sustainable Management in China in the Period 1995–2012. SUSTAINABILITY 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/su71014385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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47
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Duan W, He B. Emergency Response System for Pollution Accidents in Chemical Industrial Parks, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:7868-85. [PMID: 26184260 PMCID: PMC4515696 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120707868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In addition to property damage and loss of lives, environment pollution, such as water pollution and air pollution caused by accidents in chemical industrial parks (CIPs) is a significant issue in China. An emergency response system (ERS) was therefore planned to properly and proactively cope with safety incidents including fire and explosions occurring in the CIPs in this study. Using a scenario analysis, the stages of emergency response were divided into three levels, after introducing the domino effect, and fundamental requirements of ERS design were confirmed. The framework of ERS was composed mainly of a monitoring system, an emergency command center, an action system, and a supporting system. On this basis, six main emergency rescue steps containing alarm receipt, emergency evaluation, launched corresponding emergency plans, emergency rescue actions, emergency recovery, and result evaluation and feedback were determined. Finally, an example from the XiaoHu Chemical Industrial Park (XHCIP) was presented to check on the integrality, reliability, and maneuverability of the ERS, and the result of the first emergency drill with this ERS indicated that the developed ERS can reduce delays, improve usage efficiency of resources, and raise emergency rescue efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Duan
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Bin He
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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48
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Palanisamy S, Sebastian J, Venkatesan S. Safety analysis on hazardous chemicals transportation by Indian roads. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5897/sre2014.6142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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49
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Hydrological Stream Flow Modelling for Calibration and Uncertainty Analysis Using SWAT Model in the Xedone River Basin, Lao PDR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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50
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Ni H, Rui Y, Wang J, Cheng L. A synthetic method for atmospheric diffusion simulation and environmental impact assessment of accidental pollution in the chemical industry in a WEBGIS context. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:9238-55. [PMID: 25198686 PMCID: PMC4199017 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110909238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The chemical industry poses a potential security risk to factory personnel and neighboring residents. In order to mitigate prospective damage, a synthetic method must be developed for an emergency response. With the development of environmental numeric simulation models, model integration methods, and modern information technology, many Decision Support Systems (DSSs) have been established. However, existing systems still have limitations, in terms of synthetic simulation and network interoperation. In order to resolve these limitations, the matured simulation model for chemical accidents was integrated into the WEB Geographic Information System (WEBGIS) platform. The complete workflow of the emergency response, including raw data (meteorology information, and accident information) management, numeric simulation of different kinds of accidents, environmental impact assessments, and representation of the simulation results were achieved. This allowed comprehensive and real-time simulation of acute accidents in the chemical industry. The main contribution of this paper is that an organizational mechanism of the model set, based on the accident type and pollutant substance; a scheduling mechanism for the parallel processing of multi-accident-type, multi-accident-substance, and multi-simulation-model; and finally a presentation method for scalar and vector data on the web browser on the integration of a WEB Geographic Information System (WEBGIS) platform. The outcomes demonstrated that this method could provide effective support for deciding emergency responses of acute chemical accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Ni
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Yikang Rui
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Jiechen Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Liang Cheng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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