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Hefnawy MA, Medany SS, Fadlallah SA, El-Sherif RM, Hassan SS. Novel Self-assembly Pd(II)-Schiff Base Complex Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Electrochemical Detection of Paracetamol. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-022-00741-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA self-assembly Pd-Schiff base complex was synthesized and used as an electrochemical sensor in phosphate buffer solution, where it enhanced the electrocatalytic activity toward the paracetamol detection. The Schiff base {(HL) = (4-(((Z)-3-(hydroxyimino) butan-2-ylidene) amino)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one)} was selected to prepare Pd-based complexes due to its high antimicrobial activity. A linear calibration curve was constructed using GC/Pd-SB in paracetamol concentration range of 1–50 μM and its detection limit was calculated as 0.067 μM. The modified electrode, GC/Pd-SB, could successfully determine the paracetamol concentration in human blood serum and commercial drug tablets with high sensitivity. The prepared metal complex was characterized using techniques, namely, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, electrochemical studies were performed using different electrochemical techniques like cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). DFT calculations were used to estimate the equilibrium geometry, molecular orbital, ground-state properties, and interaction energy between paracetamol and palladium.
Graphical Abstract
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Emami L, Khabnadideh S, Faghih Z, Solhjoo A, Malek S, Mohammadian A, Divar M, Faghih Z. Novel
N‐Substituted Isatin‐Ampyrone
Schiff Bases as a New Class of Antiproliferative Agents: Design, Synthesis, Molecular Modeling and
in Vitro
Cytotoxic Activity. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Emami
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz I.R.Iran
| | - Soghra Khabnadideh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz I.R.Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Zahra Faghih
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Aida Solhjoo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Saba Malek
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz I.R.Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Amir Mohammadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz I.R.Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Masoumeh Divar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz I.R.Iran
| | - Zeinab Faghih
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz I.R.Iran
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Saeed A, Akhtar M, Zulfiqar S, Hanif F, Alsafari IA, Agboola PO, Haider S, Warsi MF, Shakir I. Thiamine-functionalized silver–copper bimetallic nanoparticles-based electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of anti-inflammatory drug 4-aminoantipyrine. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-02042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Hassan SS, Khalf‐Alla PA. Anti‐hepatocellular carcinoma, antioxidant, anti‐inflammation and antimicrobial investigation of some novel first and second transition metal complexes. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Safaa S. Hassan
- Department of chemistry, Faculty of ScienceCairo University Giza Egypt
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Dey S, Maity A, Shyamal M, Das D, Maity S, Giri PK, Mudi N, Samanta SS, Hazra P, Misra A. An antipyrine based fluorescence "turn-on" dual sensor for Zn 2+ and Al 3+ and its selective fluorescence "turn-off" sensing towards 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) in the aggregated state. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2717-2729. [PMID: 31560015 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00226j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A 2,6-diformyl-p-cresol (DFC)-4-amino antipyrine (AP) based dual signaling fluorescent Schiff base ligand (DFCAP) is found to exhibit colorimetric and fluorescence turn on selective sensing towards metal ions, Zn2+ and Al3+. It also exhibits a significant aggregation induced emission (AIE) phenomenon by controlling the water-THF solvent ratio which provides robust green emissive fluorogenic aggregates with well-defined morphologies. Turn-on fluorescence enhancements as high as 195 fold and 168 fold in methanol for Al3+ and Zn2+ at 480 nm and 508 nm, respectively, were noticed. The binding constants and stoichiometry determined from the fluorescence titration data are K = 7.63 × 104 M-1 and 3.42 × 104 M-1 and 1 : 1 complexation for both Al3+ and Zn2+ respectively, supported by Job's method. DFCAP shows high sensitivity towards the detection of Zn2+ and Al3+ ions with very low detection limit values of ca. ∼21 nM and 30 nM respectively. Besides by applying its attractive AIE feature, the green emissive hydrosol functions as a good chemosensor with high sensitivity for a selected explosive TNP through ground state complexation with a LOD value of ca. ∼1.74 μM and especially a high Stern-Volmer quenching constant of ca. ∼4.14 × 105 M-1. For instant 'naked eye' response for the trace detection of TNP in the solution state, we fabricated a simple paper strip that could detect TNP on-site in a fast, inexpensive and simple way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipto Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore-721102, W.B., India.
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Naglah AM, Al-Omar MA, Kalmouch A, Gobouri AA, Abdel-Hafez SH, El-Megharbel SM, Refat MS. Synthesis, Spectroscopy, and Anticancer Activity of Two New Nanoscale Au(III) N4 Schiff Base Complexes. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363219080255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ertem B, Sarkı G, Yalazan H, Bıyıklıoğlu Z, Kantekin H. The synthesis and electrochemical characterization of new metallophthalocyanines containing 4-aminoantipyrine moieties on peripherally positions. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Shyamal M, Maity S, Mazumdar P, Sahoo GP, Maity R, Misra A. Synthesis of an efficient Pyrene based AIE active functional material for selective sensing of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Adam AMA, Refat MS, Hegab MS, Saad HA. Spectrophotometric and thermodynamic studies on the 1:1 charge transfer interaction of several clinically important drugs with tetracyanoethylene in solution-state: Part one. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Fadda AA, Rabie R, Bondock S, Etman HA. Derivational, Structural, and Biological Studies of Some New Pyrazolyl, Isoxazolyl, Pyrimidinyl, Pyridazinyl, and Pyridopyridazinyl from 4-Substituted Antipyrine. J Heterocycl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. Fadda
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; El-gomhuria Street ET-35516 Mansoura Egypt
| | - Ramy Rabie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; El-gomhuria Street ET-35516 Mansoura Egypt
| | - Samir Bondock
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; El-gomhuria Street ET-35516 Mansoura Egypt
| | - Hassan A. Etman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; El-gomhuria Street ET-35516 Mansoura Egypt
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11
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Jing M, Liu Y, Song W, Yan Y, Yan W, Liu R. Oxidative damage induced by copper in mouse primary hepatocytes by single-cell analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:1335-1343. [PMID: 26358217 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5360-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Copper can disturb the intracellular redox balance, induce oxidative stress, and subsequently cause irreversible damage, leading to a variety of diseases. In the present study, mouse primary hepatocytes were chosen to elucidate the in vitro oxidative damage of short-term copper exposure (10-200 μM) by single-cell analysis. We evaluated the toxicity of copper by reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), and oxidative DNA damage at the single-cell level. Oxidative damage induced by copper was verified by the morphological changes, persistent elevations of excessive ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA), a decrease in GSH level, and the oxidative DNA damage. Furthermore, the average ROS generation, GSH consumption, and the indicators in DNA damage did not significantly change at relatively low concentrations (10 or 50 μM), but we can find the alterations of parameters in some single cells clearly. Emphasis on the analysis of single cells is conducive to gain a better understanding on the toxicity of copper. This study will also complement studies on the environmental risk assessment of copper pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Jing
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 27# Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 27# Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 27# Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shandanan Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbao Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 27# Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 27# Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
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Chitradevi A, Suresh Kumar S, Athimoolam S, Asath Bahadur S, Sridhar B. Single crystal XRD, vibrational spectra, quantum chemical and thermal studies on a new semi-organic crystal: 4-Aminium antipyrine chloride. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Synthesis, characterization and anti-breast cancer activity of new 4-aminoantipyrine-based heterocycles. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:7539-53. [PMID: 24798749 PMCID: PMC4057689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15057539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
4-Aminoantipyrine was utilized as key intermediate for the synthesis of pyrazolone derivatives bearing biologically active moieties. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectral and microanalytical studies. The compounds were screened as anticancer agents against a human tumor breast cancer cell line MCF7, and the results showed that (Z)-4-((3-amino-5-imino-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4(5H)-ylidene)methylamino)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one 5, 3-(4-bromophenyl) -1-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile 13, 1-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1-Hpyrazol- 4-yl)-3-(4-iodophenyl)-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile 14, 3,3′-(4,4′-sulfonylbis(4,1-phenylene))bis(1-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol- 4-yl)-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile) 16, (Z)-1-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-hydrazono-4-oxo-3-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile 17, (Z)-1-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-4-oxo-3-phenyl-2-(2-phenylhydrazono)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile 18, and (Z)-4-(3-amino-6-hydrazono-7-phenyl-6,7-dihydro pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one 19 were the most active compounds with IC50 values ranging from 30.68 to 60.72 μM compared with Doxorubicin as positive control with the IC50 value 71.8 μM.
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Tarhan L, Kayalı HA, Karacali S. The glutathione-related detoxication responses to juvenile and ecdysone hormones in Galleria mellonella. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 158:117-21. [PMID: 23684736 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The effect of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and juvenile hormone (JH) on the glutathione pathway of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was determined by investigating glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione S-transferases (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities as well as reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH and GSSG) content with respect to developmental stage. The continuous decreases of GSH-Px and GST activities dependent on the growth period of G. mellonella occurred in JH and 20E groups over and under their controls, respectively. While the GR activities of G. mellonella showed increases in young pupa (YP) for both control and in old larvae (OL) for the 20E groups after the minimum at these periods, they also increased after old pupa (OP) for the JH group with a maximum in OL period. Although GR activity levels in the JH group were significantly higher compared with controls and 20E groups up to OP period, the activity levels for the control and 20E groups were higher than those of the JH group at adult (AD) and old pupa (OP) periods, respectively. In spite of increases in the GR activity of 20E and control groups of G. mellonella, decreased GSH and increased GSSG levels were observed at aging period. GSH levels in the JH group reached a maximum at prepupa (PP) and then decreased with non-significant changes from OL to AD period. According to the results, GSH and GSSG levels, as well as GSH/GSSG ratios, were below and over control levels in 20E and JH groups, respectively, during all of the investigated developmental stages. On the contrary, the LPO levels were higher than the control for 20E and lower for the JH groups during the developmental period. These results show that while ecdysone hormone has a negative effect on the glutathione-related detoxication capacity of G. mellonella, the juvenile hormone has a positive effect on this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leman Tarhan
- Biochemistry Division, Science Faculty, Chemistry Department, University of DokuzEylul, 35160, Izmir, Turkey.
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Qin P, Liu R. Oxidative stress response of two fluoroquinolones with catalase and erythrocytes: a combined molecular and cellular study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 252-253:321-9. [PMID: 23542600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (CPFX) and enrofloxacin (ENFX), two representatives of fluoroquinolones (FQs), pose potential threats to health for their wide exposures in environment. The aim of the study is to characterize the harmful effects of oxidative stress induced by CPFX and ENFX from the structure and function of catalase (CAT), a vital enzyme involved in protection against oxidative damage. The cellular tests firstly confirmed an enhanced oxidative stress in FQs treated erythrocytes from the depletion of GSH contents and decrease of CAT activity. Besides, CPFX posed more of an oxidative threat than ENFX. During the spectroscopic and computational investigations, both FQs could bind into its central cavity with only one binding site and interact with Arg 65, Arg 362 and His 363 mainly through electrostatic forces. Furthermore, the binding of two FQs not only caused the conformational and micro-environmental changes of CAT, but also inhibited its molecular activity, consistent with the cellular activity measurements. All these results suggested that the structural and functional changes of CAT were closely associated with increased risk of oxidative stress induced by both FQs. The established methods in this work can help to comprehensively understanding the oxidative stress-induced cellular damage of other pollutants via antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Qin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 27# Shanda South Road, Jinan 250100, PR China
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Li R, Wang L, Gao X, Du G, Zhai H, Wang X, Guo G, Pu Q. Rapid separation and sensitive determination of banned aromatic amines with plastic microchip electrophoresis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 248-249:268-275. [PMID: 23385207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Rapid analysis of trace amount of aromatic amines in environmental samples and daily necessities has attracted considerable attentions because some of them are strongly toxic and carcinogenic. In this study, fast and efficient electrophoretic separation and sensitive determination of 5 banned aromatic amines were explored for practical analysis using disposable plastic microchips combined with a low-cost laser-induced fluorescence detector. The effect of running buffer and its additive was systematically investigated. Under the selected condition, 5 fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled aromatic amines could be baseline separated within 90s by using a 10mmol/L borate buffer containing 2% (w/v) hydroxypropyl cellulose. Calibration curves of peak areas vs. concentrations were linear up to 40 or 120μmol/L for different analytes and limits of detection were in a range of 1-3nmol/L. Theoretical plate numbers of 6.8-8.5×10(5)/m were readily achieved. The method exhibited good repeatability, relative standard deviations (n=5) of peak areas and migration times were no more than 4.6% and 0.9%, respectively. The established method was successfully applied in the quantitative analysis of these banned aromatic amines in real samples of waste water and textile, recoveries of added standards were 85-110%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
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Adam AMA. Structural, thermal, morphological and biological studies of proton-transfer complexes formed from 4-aminoantipyrine with quinol and picric acid. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 104:1-13. [PMID: 23274251 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
4-Aminoantipyrine (4AAP) is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, biochemical experiments and environmental monitoring. However, residual amounts of 4AAP in the environment may pose a threat to human health. To provide basic data that can be used to extract or eliminate 4AAP from the environment, the proton-transfer complexes of 4AAP with quinol (QL) and picric acid (PA) were synthesized and spectroscopically investigated. The interactions afforded two new proton-transfer salts named 1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-aminium-4-hydroxyphenolate and 1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-aminium-2,4,6-trinitrophenolate for QL and PA, respectively, via a 1:1 stoichiometry. Elemental analysis (CHN), electronic absorption, spectrophotometric titration, IR, Raman, (1)H NMR and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the new products. The thermal stability of the synthesized CT complexes was investigated using thermogravimetric (TG) analyses, and the morphology and particle size of these complexes were obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that PA and 4AAP immediately formed a yellow precipitate with a remarkable sponge-like morphology and good thermal stability up to 180°C. Finally, the biological activities of the newly synthesized CT complexes were tested for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. The results indicated that the [(4AAP)(QL)] complex exhibited strong antimicrobial activities against various bacterial and fungal strains compared with standard drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Majid A Adam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, PO Box 888, Zip Code 21974, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
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