1
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Chai L, Li T, Liu X, Dai S, Liu X, Sun Y, Pan J. Rapid recovery of high pure PbO from spent lead acid battery without desulfation and chemicals consumption method. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 184:52-62. [PMID: 38795540 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The direct recovery of high-purity PbO from spent lead paste without a pre-desulfation process has significant industrial promise. Herein, we propose a recyclable, ultra-fast, and high value-added closed-loop of high-purity PbO recovery process by intensive multidentate coordination of histidine with crude 2PbO·PbSO4 by a rotating liquid-film (RLF) reactor and CO2 carbonation-dissociation. Parameter optimizations and kinetic calculations show the leaching time is shortened from 40 min to 60 s with 99.14 % leaching rate and 99.99 % PbO purity by internal diffusion control, where the RLF reactor promotes mass transfer and reaction rates by instantly renewing the surface of crude 2PbO·PbSO4. Furthermore, all 5 batches reveal that the separation of SO42- ions from the regenerated mother liquid with Ba(OH)2 significantly improves the recycling rate of the mother liquid and high-purity PbO product. This new strategy reveals a bright prospect of a highly efficient, high value-added, and environmentally friendly recycling route for solid waste resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Chilwee Power Group, Changxing 313100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaozhen Dai
- Chilwee Power Group, Changxing 313100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanzhi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Junqing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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2
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Li C, Li S, Guo P, Li Y, Liu X. Recycling lead from copper plant residue (CPR) using brine leaching - Precipitation - Calcination process. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140489. [PMID: 37865206 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Copper plant residue (CPR) is a hazardous industrial by-product possessing both high toxicity and valuable metal content, necessitating its high value-added utilization. Traditional practices in smelters involve stockpiling and landfilling of CPR, leading to substantial land occupation and water contamination. This study focused on the preparation of PbO and Pb3O4 using the HCl-NaCl leaching-conversion-thermal decomposition process, employing CPR as the primary raw material. The effect of various leaching process conditions on the metal leaching rate was explored. A maximum lead leaching rate of 87.65% was achieved under optimal conditions including leaching temperature, liquid-solid ratio, leaching time, HCl molar concentration, NaCl mass concentration, and particle size. The lead content in the leachate was 15.85 g/L. Experimental data indicated that ash diffusion control served as the rate-limiting step in the HCl-NaCl leaching process. The apparent activation energy was determined to be 18.374 kJ mol-1, with a reaction order of 0.8986 concerning the HCl concentration and an L/S ratio of 0.8124. Additionally, response surface methodology enabled the determination of technological parameters for refining PbCl2 into PbCO3 precursors, yielding a conversion rate exceeding 96.50%. Moreover, the technical indicators of PbO and Pb3O4 obtained through low-temperature thermal decomposition of PbCO3 were investigated. The fabricated PbO and Pb3O4 exhibited purities of 99.65% and 99.26%, respectively, effectively transforming CPR from hazardous waste residue into valuable products. The process ensures the efficient recovery of lead to its maximum extent and promotes residue recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Suqin Li
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Penghui Guo
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yongkui Li
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing, 100088, China
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3
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Rada S, Pintea A, Opre R, Unguresan M, Popa A. Recycled and Nickel- or Cobalt-Doped Lead Materials from Lead Acid Battery: Voltammetric and Spectroscopic Studies. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4507. [PMID: 37444821 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The active mass of the plates of aspent car battery with higher wear after an efficient desulfatization can be used as sources of a new electrode. This paper proposes the recycling of spent electrodes from a lead acid battery and the incorporation of NiO or Co3O4 contents by the melt-quenching method in order to enrich the electrochemical properties. The analysis of X-ray diffractograms indicates the gradual decrease in the sulfated crystalline phases, respectively, 4PbO·PbSO4 and PbO·PbSO4 phases, until their disappearance for higher dopant concentrations. Infrared (IR) spectra show a decreasing trend in the intensity of the bands corresponding to the sulfate ions and a conversion of [PbO3] pyramidal units into [PbO4] tetrahedral units by doping with high dopant levels, yielding to the apparition of the PbO2 crystalline phase. The observed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra confirm three signals located on the gyromagnetic factor, g~2, 2.2 and 8 assigned to the nickel ions in higher oxidation states as well as the metallic nickel nanoparticles. This compositional evolution can be explained by considering a process of the drastic reduction in nickel ions from the superior oxidation states to metallic nickel. The linewidth and the intensity of the resonance lines situated at about g~2, 2.17, 4.22 and 7.8 are attributed to the Co+2 ions from the EPR data. The best reversibility of the cyclic voltammograms was highlighted for the samples with x = 10 mol% of NiO and 15 mol% of Co3O4, which are recommended as suitable in applications as new electrodes for the lead acid battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Rada
- Physics and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400020 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Pintea
- Physics and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400020 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Razvan Opre
- Physics and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400020 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Unguresan
- Physics and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400020 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Popa
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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4
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Kung TA, Chen PJ. Exploring specific biomarkers regarding neurobehavioral toxicity of lead dioxide nanoparticles in medaka fish in different water matrices. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159268. [PMID: 36208768 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nano-scale lead dioxide (nPbO2) is an industrial metal oxide nanoparticle that can be also formed as a corrosion by-product from chlorination of Pb-containing plumbing materials. nPbO2 governs release of toxic lead ion in drinking water and receiving organisms; however, its modes of toxic action regarding neurobehavioral toxicity remain unclear. This study evaluated the toxicity mechanism of nPbO2 (10 and 20 mg/L) versus its released Pb(II)aq (100 μg/L) in terms of aqueous chemistry, bioavailability and neurobehavioral toxicity to medaka fish in different water matrices. In very hard water (VHW), dissolved salts enhanced the aggregation and sedimentation of nPbO2, resulting in higher bioavailability and altered locomotion of treated fish than those fish exposed to nPbO2 in soft water with humic acid (SW + HA). Transcriptomic results identified six differentially expressed genes with greater altered expression with nPbO2 than the control or Pb(II)aq exposure. With VHW exposure, nPbO2 caused greater altered expression of genes involved in cell adhesion (nlgn1 and epd), cell cytoskeleton (α1-tubulin), and relevant apoptosis (c-fos, birc5.1-a and casp3), as compared with SW + HA or Pb(II)aq exposure. This study provides novel molecular mechanistic insights into the neurobehavioral nanotoxicity using nPbO2 and medaka fish as surrogates, suggesting nPbO2 promotes neurobehavioral dysfunction, leading to adverse outcomes from gene alteration to the organismal level. The identified biomarkers responded specifically to the nPbO2-induced neurotoxicity in different water matrices can be used for evaluating toxicity risks of small metal oxide particulates on human or aquatic life under environmentally relevant exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-An Kung
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Institute of Food Safety Management, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen Chen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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5
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Chang C, Yang S, Li Y, Xiang C, Wang H, Liu S, Luo T, Chen Y. Green hydrometallurgical extraction of metallic lead from spent lead paste in the methanesulfonic acid system. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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6
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Structure, XAS analysis, and voltammetric study of copper–manganese-doped electrode materials obtained by recycling of a lead–acid battery. J Solid State Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-022-05264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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7
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TOPE D, AZEEZ S, JIMOH A. Chemical synthesis kinetics and dimensional characterization of nano-lead oxide powder. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.928341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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8
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A. S. Souza B, L. N. Sousa F, Oliveira DM, Pinto L, Freitas DV, Navarro M. Pb-MOF electrosynthesis based on recycling of lead-acid battery electrodes for hydrogen sulfide colorimetric detection. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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9
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Liu W, Qin Q, Li D, Li G, Cen Y, Liang J. Lead recovery from spent lead acid battery paste by hydrometallurgical conversion and thermal degradation. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2020; 38:263-270. [PMID: 31522656 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x19872263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spent lead paste is the main component in lead-acid batteries reaching end of life. It contains about 55% lead sulphate and 35% lead dioxide, as well as minor amounts of lead oxide. It is necessary to recycle spent lead paste with minimal pollution and low energy consumption instead of the conventional smelting method. In this study, a novel approach involving hydrometallurgical desulphurisation and thermal degradation is developed to recover lead as PbO products from spent lead acid batteries. First, the desulphurisation effects and phase compositions of products with different transforming agents were compared, and the optimum conditions using (NH4)2CO3 as a transforming agent were determined. And then, the thermal degradation processes of both precursors lead carbonate and lead dioxide were investigated to prepare α-PbO, Pb3O4, and β-PbO products in argon and air atmospheres, respectively. Both the desulphurisation precursors and the calcination products were characterised by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the lead oxide products were prepared, including α-PbO at 450°C in argon, Pb3O4 and β-PbO at 480°C and 620°C in air, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Qingwei Qin
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Dengqi Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Guangqiang Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Yinjie Cen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jianyu Liang
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
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10
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Dai F, Huang H, Chen B, Zhang P, He Y, Guo Z. Recovery of high purity lead from spent lead paste via direct electrolysis and process evaluation. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Electrochemical synthesis of PPy composites with nanostructured MnOx, CoOx, NiOx, and FeOx in acetonitrile for supercapacitor applications. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Zhu X, Zhang W, Zhang L, Zuo Q, Yang J, Han L. A green recycling process of the spent lead paste from discarded lead-acid battery by a hydrometallurgical process. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2019; 37:508-515. [PMID: 30808267 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x19830175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a green recycling process of discarded lead-acid battery paste, which could avoid both the smelting and electro-winning route has been developed. Leaching reagents containing sodium citrate, acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide were reacted with spent lead paste in aqueous media at the pH of 5-6. Lead paste was leached and formed into lead citrate precursor, which was recrystallized and separated from the solution. The optimal conditions for the leaching process at room temperature were found to be the: concentration of acetic acid solution of 0.92 mol L-1; concentration of sodium citrate solution of 0.478 mol L-1; initial mass ratio of solid spent lead paste to liquid (solid/liquid ratio) of 1/5 g/mL; and reaction time of 2 hours. The results showed that the desulphurization efficiency of lead paste was up to 99.9%. The optimal conditions for lead citrate re-crystallization from the leaching mixed solution were found to be the re-crystallization temperature of 55oC for 5 hours in a water bath. The lead citrate precursor synthesized from discarded lead-acid battery pastes was the chemical formula of Pb3(C6H5O7)2·3H2O with columnar shape in the length of 30-50 μm, which was easily separated from the leaching solution. The results of kilogram-scale experiments made progress easier for obtaining the ultrafine lead oxide product (PbO and Pb) from discarded lead-acid battery paste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Zhu
- 1 Department of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- 2 School of Water Conservancy & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
- 4 Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Pingdingshan, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Zhang
- 2 School of Water Conservancy & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiting Zuo
- 2 School of Water Conservancy & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- 3 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Han
- 1 Department of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Çelebi S, Yetiş Ü, Ünlü K. Identification of management strategies and generation factors for spent lead acid battery recovery plant wastes in Turkey. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2019; 37:199-209. [PMID: 30355066 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x18804028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The recovery of spent or waste lead acid batteries is important both for the management of lead input to the environment and to meet the lead demand of the market in a more energy and cost effective manner than primary production. As an important producer of lead acid batteries for the Middle Eastern and Eastern European market, Turkey seems to meet 22%-52% of its total lead demand by waste lead acid battery recovery. In this study, the wastes from Turkish waste lead acid battery recovery plants are identified and management strategies that are both technically sufficient and economically feasible for each of these wastes are complied. Furthermore, ranges of the amount of each waste generated per mass of final lead produced in these plants are estimated. Some of the most significantly generated wastes are lead containing dusts, wash water treatment sludges and slags from smelting furnaces with generation rates between 5-250, 1-150 and 5-100 kg t-1 of product lead, respectively. Many of these can be fed back to the recovery process inside the plants except a subset of slags that are called 'final slag' and have low (5%-6%) lead content. Final slags can either be recovered for the production of cement, road-filling materials or abrasives proven that they are in a non-leachable, stable state or should be stored at hazardous waste landfills. For improved environmental performance, newly emerging techniques that eliminate the generation of such slags are also discussed and suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarp Çelebi
- Environmental Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Cankaya/Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ülkü Yetiş
- Environmental Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Cankaya/Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kahraman Ünlü
- Environmental Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Cankaya/Ankara, Turkey
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14
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Rada S, Cuibus D, Vermesan H, Rada M, Culea E. Structural and electrochemical properties of recycled active electrodes from spent lead acid battery and modified with different manganese dioxide contents. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.02.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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15
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Zhang X, Li L, Fan E, Xue Q, Bian Y, Wu F, Chen R. Toward sustainable and systematic recycling of spent rechargeable batteries. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7239-7302. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00297e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive and novel view on battery recycling is provided in terms of the science and technology, engineering, and policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- China
| | - Ersha Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- China
| | - Qing Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- China
| | - Yifan Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- China
| | - Feng Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- China
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16
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Nassar AM, Abo Zeid EF, Elseman AM, Alotaibi NF. A novel heterometallic compound for design and study of electrical properties of silver nanoparticles-decorated lead compounds. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03682e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel Ag-NPs decorated on hexagonal-like PbCO3 was constructed with a novel heterometallic compound (AgPb(C2O4)(NO3)) through thermal heating at 523 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Nassar
- Chemistry Department
- College of Science
- Aljouf University
- Aljouf
- Saudi Arabia
| | - E. F. Abo Zeid
- Physics Department
- Faculty of Science
- Assiut University
- Assiut
- Egypt
| | - A. M. Elseman
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources
- North China Electric Power University
- Beijing 102206
- China
- Electronic and Magnetic Materials Department
| | - N. F. Alotaibi
- Chemistry Department
- College of Science
- Aljouf University
- Aljouf
- Saudi Arabia
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17
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Drzewiecka-Antonik A, Koziol AE, Rejmak P, Lawniczak-Jablonska K, Nittler L, Lis T. Novel Ba(II) and Pb(II) coordination polymers based on citric acid: Synthesis, crystal structure and DFT studies. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Sun Z, Cao H, Zhang X, Lin X, Zheng W, Cao G, Sun Y, Zhang Y. Spent lead-acid battery recycling in China - A review and sustainable analyses on mass flow of lead. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 64:190-201. [PMID: 28318961 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lead is classified to be one of the top heavy metal pollutants in China. The corresponding environmental issues especially during the management of spent lead-acid battery have already caused significant public awareness and concern. This research gives a brief overview on the recycling situation based on an investigation of the lead industry in China and also the development of technologies for spent lead-acid batteries. The main principles and research focuses of different technologies including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy and greener technologies are summarized and compared. Subsequently, the circulability of lead based on the entire life cycle analyses of lead-acid battery is calculated. By considering different recycling schemes, the recycling situation of spent lead-acid battery in China can be understood semi-quantitatively. According to this research, 30% of the primary lead production can be shut down that the lead production can still ensure consecutive life cycle operation of lead-acid battery, if proper management of the spent lead-acid battery is implemented according to current lead industry situation in China. This research provides a methodology on the view of lead circulability in the whole life cycle of a specific product and is aiming to contribute more quantitative guidelines for efficient organization of lead industry in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Hongbin Cao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Xihua Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenwen Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guoqing Cao
- China Battery Industry Association, Beijing 100740, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Edith Cowan University School of Engineering, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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19
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Electrochemical property of α-PbO prepared from the spent negative powders of lead acid batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3333-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Dong J, Wu X, Chen Y, Brandon N, Li X, Yang J, Yu J, Zhang W, Hu Y, Yu W, Wang J, Liang S, Hu J, Hou H, Liu B, Yang C. A study on Pb2+/Pb electrodes for soluble lead redox flow cells prepared with methanesulfonic acid and recycled lead. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-016-0980-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Pan J, Zhang X, Sun Y, Song S, Li W, Wan P. Preparation of High Purity Lead Oxide from Spent Lead Acid Batteries via Desulfurization and Recrystallization in Sodium Hydroxide. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b04221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shuang Song
- Chilwee Power Group, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313100, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department
of Engineering Technology and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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22
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Liu W, Ma B, Li F, Fu Y, Tai J, Zhou Y, Lei L. Reduction of lead dioxide with oxalic acid to prepare lead oxide as the positive electrode material for lead acid batteries. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23671e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sponge-like lead oxides prepared from PbO2can discharge a capacity of 115.2 mA h g−1after 50 cycles at 100 mA g−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Beibei Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Fajun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Yan Fu
- Office of Academic Affairs
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Jian Tai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Lixu Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
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23
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Yuan X, Hu J, Xu J, Hu Y, Zhang W, Dong J, Liang S, Hou H, Wu X, Yang J. The effect of barium sulfate-doped lead oxide as a positive active material on the performance of lead acid batteries. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01873d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Barium sulfate (BaSO4) is a common impurity in recycled lead paste, and the effect of this impurity in positive active materials on the performance of recycled lead acid batteries was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqing Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Jingping Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Yucheng Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Jinxin Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Xu Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
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24
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Ma C, Shu Y, Chen H. Preparation of high-purity lead oxide from spent lead paste by low temperature burning and hydrometallurgical processing with ammonium acetate solution. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23559f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead sulfate, lead dioxide and lead oxide are the main components of lead paste in a spent lead-acid battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ma
- School of Chemistry and Environment
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - Yuehong Shu
- School of Chemistry and Environment
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environment
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou
- PR China
- Production
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25
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Ma C, Shu Y, Chen H. Recycling lead from spent lead pastes using oxalate and sodium oxalate and preparation of novel lead oxide for lead-acid batteries. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18627g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A sustainable method, with minimal pollution and low energy cost in comparison with the conventional smelting method, is proposed for treating components of spent lead acid batteries with oxalate and sodium oxalate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ma
- School of Chemistry and Environment
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - Yuehong Shu
- School of Chemistry and Environment
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environment
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou
- PR China
- Production, Teaching & Research Demonstration Base of Guangdong University for Energy Storage and Power Battery
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26
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Buzatu T, Petrescu MI, Ghica VG, Buzatu M, Iacob G. Processing oxidic waste of lead-acid batteries in order to recover lead. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.1854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Traian Buzatu
- Remat Scholz Filiala Oltenia SRL; Cerneti Str., No. 14, Drobeta Turnu Serverin 220236 Mehedinti Romania
| | - Mircea Ionut Petrescu
- Materials Science and Engineering Faculty; Politehnica University of Bucharest; Splaiul Independentei Blvd., No. 313 060042 Bucharest Romania
| | - Valeriu Gabriel Ghica
- Materials Science and Engineering Faculty; Politehnica University of Bucharest; Splaiul Independentei Blvd., No. 313 060042 Bucharest Romania
| | - Mihai Buzatu
- Materials Science and Engineering Faculty; Politehnica University of Bucharest; Splaiul Independentei Blvd., No. 313 060042 Bucharest Romania
| | - Gheorghe Iacob
- Materials Science and Engineering Faculty; Politehnica University of Bucharest; Splaiul Independentei Blvd., No. 313 060042 Bucharest Romania
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27
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Zhu X, He X, Yang J, Gao L, Liu J, Yang D, Sun X, Zhang W, Wang Q, Kumar RV. Leaching of spent lead acid battery paste components by sodium citrate and acetic acid. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 250-251:387-396. [PMID: 23500418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Revised: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A sustainable method, with minimal pollution and low energy cost in comparison with the conventional smelting methods, is proposed for treating components of spent lead-acid battery pastes in aqueous organic acid(s). In this study, PbO, PbO2, and PbSO4, the three major components in a spent lead paste, were individually reacted with a mixture of aqueous sodium citrate and acetic acid solution. Pure lead citrate precursor of Pb3(C6H5O7)2 · 3H2O is the only product crystallized in each leaching experiment. Conditions were optimized for individual lead compounds which were then used as the basis for leaching real industrial spent paste. In this work, efficient leaching process is achieved and raw material cost is reduced by using aqueous sodium citrate and acetic acid, instead of aqueous sodium citrate and citric acid as reported in a pioneering hydrometallurgical method earlier. Acetic acid is not only cheaper than citric acid but is also more effective in aiding dissolution of the lead compounds thus speeding up the leaching process in comparison with citric acid. Lead citrate is readily crystallized from the aqueous solution due to its low solubility and can be combusted to directly produce leady oxide as a precursor for making new battery pastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China
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