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Lin J, Ding X, Gu J, Zhang L, Chao J, Zhang H, Feng S, Guo C, Xu J, Gao Z. Organophosphate esters (OPEs) pollution characteristics, bioaccumulation and human consumption implication in wild marine organisms from the Yellow River Estuary, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 206:116708. [PMID: 38986395 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
As the substitutes of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, organophosphate esters (OPEs) with high concentrations have accumulated in the estuaries, bays, and harbors. However, limited information is available about the OPEs in the estuary organism categories, especially under the multiple industrial pressure. This study investigated the occurrence, bioaccumulation and human consumption implication in wild marine organisms from the Yellow River Estuary, where located many petroleum and chemical manufacturing industries. This study found that concentrations of Σ13OPEs ranged from 547 ng/L to 1164 ng/L in seawater (median: 802 ng/L), from 384 to 1366 ng/g dw in the sediment (median: 601 ng/g dw), and from 419 to 959 ng/g dw (median: 560 ng/g dw) in the marine organisms. The congener compositions in the organisms were dominated by alkyl-OPEs (80.7 %), followed by halogenated-OPEs (18.8 %) and aryl-OPEs (0.5 %). Based on the principal component analysis, petrochemical pollution, and industrial wastewater discharge were distinguished as the main plausible sources of OPEs to the YRE ecosystem. Most OPEs had potential or strong bioaccumulation capacity on the organisms, with a positive correlation between log BAF (Bioaccumulation Factor) and log Kow of OPEs. The highest estimated daily intake value of OPEs was tri-n-propyl phosphate, exceeding 300 ng/kg·bw/day via consuming fish. The highest hazard quotients from OPEs ranged from 0.001 to 0.1, indicating a low risk to human health by consuming marine organisms in the YRE. As the consumption of OPEs increases year by year, the risks of OPEs still cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Lin
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Xinshu Ding
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Jinzeng Gu
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Lutao Zhang
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Jinyu Chao
- School of Civil Engineering and Construction and Environment of Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, PR China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Song Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Changsheng Guo
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
| | - Jian Xu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Zhenhui Gao
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
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Bai Y, Wang Y, Wu D, Zhu J, Zou B, Ma Z, Xu J, Li L. Identify the seasonal differences in water quality and pollution sources between river-connected and gate-controlled lakes in the Yangtze River basin. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 206:116760. [PMID: 39079476 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
The river-connected Dongting Lake (DT) and Poyang Lake (PY), and the gate-controlled Taihu Lake (TH) and Chaohu Lake (CH) are the four important lakes in the Yangtze River Basin. The comprehensive Water Quality Index (WQI), the Eutrophication Integrated Index (TLI(Σ)), and the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model were employed to evaluate water quality and the contribution of pollution sources for these lakes. The results show that WQI for all lakes indicated generally good water quality, with DT scoring 73.52-86.18, the highest among them. During the wet season, the eutrophication degree of river-connected lake was medium, and that of gate-controlled lakes was high. The surface runoff and agricultural non-point sources are the main pollution sources for both types of lakes, but their impact is more pronounced in gate-controlled lakes during the wet season. The study provides evidence support for scientific understanding of water quality problems and management strategies in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- School of Resources & Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, PR China
| | - Yinuo Wang
- Information Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Daishe Wu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337000, PR China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Binchun Zou
- School of Resources & Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, PR China
| | - Zhifei Ma
- School of Resources & Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, PR China.
| | - Jinying Xu
- School of Resources & Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, PR China
| | - Liangzhong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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Zhao Q, Zhang Y, Li X, Hu X, Huang R, Xu J, Yin Z, Gu X, Xu Y, Yin J, Zhou Q, Li A, Shi P. Evaluating a river's ecological health: A multidimensional approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 21:100423. [PMID: 38693993 PMCID: PMC11061703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Evaluating the health of river surface water is essential, as rivers support significant biological resources and serve as vital drinking water sources. While the Water Quality Index (WQI) is commonly employed to evaluate surface water quality, it fails to consider biodiversity and does not fully capture the ecological health of rivers. Here we show a comprehensive assessment of the ecological health of surface water in the lower Yangtze River (LYR), integrating chemical and biological metrics. According to traditional WQI metrics, the LYR's surface water generally meets China's Class II standards. However, it also contains 43 high-risk emerging contaminants; nitrobenzenes are found at the highest concentrations, representing 25-90% of total detections, while polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present the most substantial environmental risks, accounting for 81-93% of the total risk quotient. Notably, the plankton-based index of biological integrity (P-IBI) rates the ecological health of the majority of LYR water samples (59.7%) as 'fair', with significantly better health observed in autumn compared to other seasons (p < 0.01). Our findings suggest that including emerging contaminants and P-IBI as additional metrics can enhance the traditional WQI analysis in evaluating surface water's ecological health. These results highlight the need for a multidimensional assessment approach and call for improvements to LYR's ecological health, focusing on emerging contaminants and biodiversity rather than solely on reducing conventional indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiuwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jixiong Xu
- Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zilong Yin
- Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xinjie Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuncheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jinbao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Peng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Lu Z, Tian W, Chen Z, Chu M, Zhang S, Liu B, Zhao J, Zou M, Huo B, Xu G. Release of PAHs from sediments to seawater under wave: Indoor microcosms and level IV fugacity models. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134799. [PMID: 38838527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Estuaries and coasts are located at the land-sea interface, where sediment liquefaction due to strong wave action results in significant material exchange at the sediment-seawater system. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as organic pollutants, are distributed across various media. Herein, the impact of wave was studied on the release of PAHs through indoor microcosmic experiments combined with a level IV fugacity model. Comparison revealed that the release amount and rate of PAHs during static consolidation stage were minimal, whereas wave action substantially enhanced the release. Particularly the sediments in a liquefied state, the PAHs release in Stage III was 1.55-1.86 times that in Stage II, reaching 84.73 μg/L. The loss of soil strength and strong hydrodynamic effects resulted in a substantial release of PAHs into seawater along with suspended solids. Due to volatility of 2-ring PAHs and difficult desorption of 6-ring PAHs, 3-5-ring PAHs are the main contributors to releases into seawater. The model results also indicated that the three PAHs had different fates in the sediment-seawater system, with sediment serving as an important "reservoir" for benzo[a]pyrene entering seawater, while functioning as both a "sink" and a "source" for pyrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Weijun Tian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
| | - Zhuo Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Meile Chu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Surong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Bingkun Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Mengyuan Zou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Bingjie Huo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Guohui Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, PR China
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Huang C, Gong X, Qin Y, Zhang L, Cai Y, Feng S, Zhang Y, Zhao Z. Risk assessment of China's Eastern Route of the South-to-north Water Diversion Project from the perspective of Phthalate Esters occurrence in the impounded lakes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134511. [PMID: 38772103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are widely utilized and can accumulate in lacustrine ecosystems, posing significant ecological and human health hazards. Most studies on PAEs focus on individual lakes, lacking a comprehensive and systematic perspective. In response, we have focused our investigation on characteristic lakes situated along the Eastern Route of the South-to-north Water Diversion Project (SNWDP-ER) in China. We have detected 16 PAE compounds in the impounded lakes of the SNWDP-ER by collecting surface water samples using solid-phase extraction followed by gas chromatography analysis. The concentration of PAEs were found to between 0.80 to 12.92 μg L-1. Among them, Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the most prevalent, with mean concentration of 1.56 ± 0.62 μg L-1 (48.44%), followed by Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), 0.64 ± 1.40 μg L-1 (19.87%). Spatial distribution showed an increasing trend in the direction of water flow. Retention of DEHP and DIBP has led to increased environmental risks. DEHP, Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) etc. determined by agriculture and human activities. Additionally, Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and DIBP mainly related to the use of agricultural products. To mitigate the PAEs risk, focusing on integrated management of the lakes, along with the implementation of stringent regulations to control the use of plasticizes in products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xionghu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Yongjiu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shaoyuan Feng
- College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Youliang Zhang
- College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Zhonghua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Wang X, Chen Y, Chen T, Guo L, Yang Z, Chen Y, Yu Z, Liu X, Wang H. Lagging pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the rebuilt e-waste site: From the perspective of characteristics, sources, and risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172406. [PMID: 38642745 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Little information is known regarding how the lagged pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) influenced the environment and human health after an e-waste dismantling site was rebuilt. This study investigated the characteristics, sources, and risk assessment of PAHs in a rebuilt e-waste site and its surrounding farmland by analyzing the samples of soil, dust, water, and vegetable. Concentrations of PAHs in soil, vegetable and water in the rebuilt site were relatively higher than in its surrounding farmland. The concentrations in surface soils, soil columns, dust, vegetables, and water varied from 55.4 to 3990 ng g-1, 1.65 to 5060 ng g-1, 2190 to 2420 ng g-1, 2670 to 10,300 ng g-1, and 46.8 to 110 μg L-1 in the e-waste site, respectively. On the farmland, PAH concentrations in surface soils, vegetables, and water ranged from 41.5 to 2760 ng g-1, 506 to 7640 ng g-1, and 56.6 to 89.2 μg L-1, respectively. A higher proportion of high-molecular-weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) appeared in all multimedia compared with low-molecular-weight PAHs (LMW-PAHs). Diagnostic ratio together with positive matrix factorization (PMF) revealed that vehicle emission was the primary source in this area, and the activity of e-waste disposal was another important source in the rebuilt e-waste site. Based on the deterministic health risks, people working in the reconstructed e-waste site were exposed to low risks, whereas the residents living near the surrounding farmland were exposed to low risk. Sensitivity analyses indicated that exposure frequency and PAH concentrations were the main factors that influenced exposure risk. This study provides valuable insight into the comprehension of the lagging pollution effects of PAH on the environment and human health after the e-waste site was rebuilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yandao Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Longxiu Guo
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhiyang Yu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- College of Environment & Resource Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources & Environment of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Zhang S, Xu D, Tian W, Lu Z, Zhou Y, Chu M, Zhao J, Liu B, Cao H, Zhang R, Chen Z. The effect of bioturbation on the release behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from sediments: A sediment-seawater microcosm experiment combined with a fugacity model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123933. [PMID: 38583795 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The effects of two benthonic species, Perinereis aibuhitensis and Matuta planipes Fabricius, on the release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from sediments were investigated using a sediment-seawater microcosm. A Level IV fugacity model was used to simulate the behavior and fate of PAHs in the environment. This study revealed that both benthos significantly influenced the release of PAHs, and Matuta planipes Fabricius had a stronger disturbance effect than another. The final concentrations of Matuta planipes Fabricius group, Perinereis aibuhitensis group and the control group in the seawater phase reached 10.8, 9.94 and 7.90 μg/L, respectively. There were certain differences in the behaviour of the two benthonic species. Matuta planipes Fabricius caused more sediment resuspension, while Perinereis aibuhitensis increased the total organic carbon (TOC) content in the environment. The vertical concentration distribution of sediment indicated that vertical mixing was slightly stronger in the Matuta planipes Fabricius group than that in the Perinereis aibuhitensis group. The fugacity model effectively simulated the release behavior of PAHs, providing insight into PAH transport and distribution. The results demonstrated that bioturbation could promote the release of PAHs from seawater. The amount of PAHs released was significantly correlated with the biological habits of the benthos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Dongpo Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Weijun Tian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, PR China.
| | - Zhiyang Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Yuhang Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China; Standard Testing Group Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Meile Chu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Bingkun Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Huimin Cao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Ruijuan Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
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Bensadi L, Azzoug M, Benslimane A, Benlaribi R, Bouledouar S, Merzeg FA. Distribution, levels, sources and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the bottom sediments of a Mediterranean river under multiple anthropopressures (Soummam River), Algeria. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 202:116416. [PMID: 38669853 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The Soummam River, a vital watercourse in Algeria is threatened by anthropogenic activities despite its protected wetland status. This study is the first to assess sediment pollution in the Soummam River, examining levels, compositions, sources of 16 PAHs and their effects on the environment and human health. Analysis employing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and molecular diagnostic ratios pointed to petrogenic sources, likely stemming from petroleum leaks originating from aging pipeline and vehicles, as well as pyrogenic sources arising from vehicle exhaust and biomass combustion. Environmental and health risks were assessed through risk quotients (RQ), Sediments Quality Guidelines (SQG) and Total Lifetime Cancer Risk (TLCR). Ecological risk was found to range from moderate to high, with anticipated biological impacts, while cancer risk was deemed low. Toxicity assessment, measured by TEQ, revealed that the majority of monitoring stations exceeded safe levels. Consequently, urgent action by local authorities is warranted to implement ecosystem rehabilitation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Bensadi
- Université de Bejaia, Faculté de Technologie, Laboratoire des Procédés Membranaires et des Techniques de Séparation et de Récupération (LPMTSR), 06000 Bejaia, Algeria.
| | - Moufok Azzoug
- Université de Bejaia, Faculté de Technologie, Laboratoire des Procédés Membranaires et des Techniques de Séparation et de Récupération (LPMTSR), 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Abdelhakim Benslimane
- Université de Bejaia, Faculté de Technologie, Laboratoire Mécanique, Matériaux et Energétique, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Rabia Benlaribi
- Institut National de Criminalistique et de Criminologie de la Gendarmerie Nationale (INCC/GN), Cheraga, Algeria
| | - Samira Bouledouar
- Université de Bejaia, Faculté de Technologie, Laboratory of Materials and Process Engineering (LTMGP), 06000 Bejaia, Algeria; Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physical and Chemical Analyses (CRAPC), BP 384 Bou-Ismail, RP 42004 Tipaza, Algeria
| | - Farid Ait Merzeg
- Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physical and Chemical Analyses (CRAPC), BP 384 Bou-Ismail, RP 42004 Tipaza, Algeria; Research Unit in Physico-Chemical Analyzes of Fluids and Soils (URAPC-FS), 11 Chemin, Doudou Mokhtar, Ben Aknoun, 16028 Alger, Algeria; Technical Platform for Physico-chemical Analyzes (PTAPC-Bejaia), Targa Ouzemmour, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
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Wang C, Wang W, Shao S, Deng W, Wang C, Liu X, Li H, Wen M, Zhang X, Li G, An T. Occurrence of BTX and PAHs in underground drinking water of coking contaminated sites: Linkage with altitude and health risk assessment by boiling-modified models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170407. [PMID: 38296073 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The safety of underground drinking water has received widespread attention. However, few studies have focused on the occurrence and health risks of pollutants in underground drinking water of coking contaminated sites. In this study, the distribution characteristics, sources, and human health risks of benzene, toluene, xylene (BTX) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in underground drinking water from a typical coking contaminated site in Shanxi of China were investigated. The average concentrations of BTX and PAHs in coking plant (CP) were 5.1 and 4.8 times higher than those in residential area (RA), respectively. Toluene and Benzene were the main BTX, while Acenaphthene, Fluorene, and Pyrene were the main PAHs. Concentrations of BTX/PAHs were negatively correlated with altitude, revealing altitude might be an important geological factor influencing spatial distribution of BTX/PAHs. PMF model demonstrated that the BTX/PAHs pollution in RA mainly originated from coking industrial activities. Health risk assessments were conducted by a modified US EPA-based model, in which environmental concentrations were replaced by residual concentrations after boiling. Residual ratios of different BTX/PAHs were determined by boiling experiments to be 9.4-93.8 %. The average total carcinogenic risks after boiling were decreased from 2.6 × 10-6 to 1.4 × 10-6 for adults, and from 4.3 × 10-6 to 2.1 × 10-6 for children, suggesting boiling was an effective strategy to reduce the carcinogenic risks from BTX/PAHs, especially for ingestion pathway. Monte Carlo simulation results matched well with the calculated results, suggesting the uncertainty was acceptable and the risk assessment results were reliable. This study provided useful information for revealing the spatial distribution of BTX/PAHs in underground drinking water of coking contaminated sites, understanding their linkage with altitude, and also helped to more accurately evaluate the health risks by using the newly established boiling-modified models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wanjun Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shaobin Shao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weiqiang Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Congqing Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinyuan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hailing Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meicheng Wen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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10
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Deng X, Mao L, Peng M, Cai Y, Wang T, Luo Z, Kumar A. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coastal rivers in Jiangsu Province, China: Spatial distribution, source apportionment and human impacts. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133576. [PMID: 38278070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The ocean is the ultimate sink for all pollutants, rivers are important channels for land-based pollutants to enter the oceans. Riverine transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to coastal seas in China poses environmental threats. This study examined the spatial and temporal distribution of PAHs in coastal rivers in Yancheng City in Jiangsu Province of China, with the aim of identifying their likely sources, concentrations, and influencing factors. Surface sediments were taken from the Xinyanggang River (XYR) and the Sheyang River (SYR). The concentrations of Ʃ16PAHs in river sediments were measured on average 477.05 ng/g dry weight (dw), with values varying from 2.18 to 6351.42 ng/g, indicating a moderate pollution level, with a dominance of high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs. The XYR exhibited significantly higher PAHs concentrations compared to the SYR. The key sources of PAHs were vehicle emissions (47.87%), coal and natural gas combustion (35.07%). Geographically weighted regression and redundancy analysis linked PAHs pollution to distinct land use patterns and socioeconomic indicators, highlighting urban land as the major contributor, driven by high urbanization and industrialization (70.91%). In XYR, industrial activities and transport emissions were major contributors, while in SYR, agricultural activities predominantly influenced PAHs pollution. Urgent mitigation strategies are needed to reduce PAHs pollution in river sediments, mitigating ecological and human risks associated with these contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Deng
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Longjiang Mao
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Mo Peng
- Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Yuqi Cai
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zhuhua Luo
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Amit Kumar
- School of Hydrology and Water resources, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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11
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Wang Z, Liu Y, Zhang A, Yang L, Wei C, Chen Y, Liu Z, Li Z. Occurrence characteristics, environmental trend, and source analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the water environment of industrial zones. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:118053. [PMID: 38160976 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The middle reaches of the Yellow River are rich in energy resources, with the Kuye River, a first-class river in this region, serving as a vital hub for the coal chemical industry within China. This study investigated the occurrence patterns, environmental trends, and ecological risks associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Kuye River Basin, offering insights into the environmental dynamics of regions. The findings indicated that the river sediments primarily contained PAHs with medium to high-molecular weights, exhibiting levels ranging from 402.92 ng/g dw to 16,783.72 ng/g dw, while water bodies predominantly featured PAHs with low to medium molecular weights, ranging from 299.34 ng/L to 10,930.9 ng/L. The source analysis of PAHs indicated that industrial and traffic exhaust emissions were the primary contributors to PAHs in the Kuye basin, with sediments serving as a secondary release source based on fugacity fraction. The content of PAHs in sediment correlated closely with the environmental factors, and the PAHs inventory of the basin was 19.97 tons. The increased overall PAH concentration in the basin posed significant ecological and public health concerns, necessitating urgent attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Aining Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Chunxiao Wei
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yan Xiang Road. No.97, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
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12
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Frapiccini E, De Marco R, Grilli F, Marini M, Annibaldi A, Prezioso E, Tramontana M, Spagnoli F. Anthropogenic contribution, transport, and accumulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in sediments of the continental shelf and slope in the Mediterranean Sea. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141285. [PMID: 38286310 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
A multidisciplinary approach, involving geochemical, sedimentological and oceanographic analyses, was employed to examine the distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a strongly anthropized area of the marginal Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean basin). The investigation into PAH distribution considered the grain size and biogeochemical properties of the sediments, as well as in relation to the main oceanographic processes and river inputs. Both biogeochemical and hydrographical inputs regulated the sedimentation of organic particles, influencing the distribution of PAHs. The results indicated PAH levels in 116 marine surface sediments ranging from 4 to 235 ng g-1 (average 55 ng g-1). The distribution of PAHs in Adriatic Sea surface sediments aligned with a higher clayey sedimentation in the deeper basin areas of the Middle Adriatic Depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Frapiccini
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Rocco De Marco
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Grilli
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mauro Marini
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies (FMC), 61032, Fano, Italy
| | - Anna Annibaldi
- Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies (FMC), 61032, Fano, Italy; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Emanuela Prezioso
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mario Tramontana
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Campus Scientifico E. Mattei, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Federico Spagnoli
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy; University of Camerino, School of Science and Technology, Geology Division, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
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13
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Li Z, Qi R, Li Y, Miao J, Li Y, He Z, Zhang N, Pan L. The assessment of bioavailability and environmental risk of dissolved and particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the seawater of typical bays. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169124. [PMID: 38092200 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The pollution of dissolved and particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coastal waters has been increasing in recent decades. However, limited research has been conducted on the characteristics of dissolved and particulate PAHs in seawater and their associated risk assessment. Here, we focused on the bioavailability and environmental risk of PAHs in four typical bays of Shandong Province, China, and used scallop Chlamys farreri and clam Mactra veneriformis as sentinel species. The results revealed that dissolved PAHs tended to bioaccumulate in scallop C. farreri, and their ecological risk exhibited a significant correlation with the health risk of bioaccumulated PAHs and the bioeffect of screened biomarkers in scallop. Conversely, particulate PAHs demonstrated a higher bioaccumulation potential in the clam M. veneriformis, showing a stronger correlation between their ecological risk, health risk, and bioeffect in clams. This study provides the first elucidation of the connection between the ecological risk, health risk, and bioeffect of PAHs. Furthermore, based on the better correlation of health risk and bioeffect caused by PAHs with total PAHs in seawater, we propose that the clam M. veneriformis is a more suitable sentinel species for assessing environmental risk in typical bays of Shandong Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ruicheng Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yufen Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yaobing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zhiheng He
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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14
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He F, Luo X, Heman A, Chen Z, Jia J. Anthropogenic perturbations on heavy metals transport in sediments in a river-dominated estuary (Modaomen, China) during 2003-2021. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:115970. [PMID: 38171160 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollutants in sediment greatly impact the estuarine environment and ecosystems, increasingly influenced by anthropogenic perturbations. Here, we examined the surface sediments of the Modaomen estuary in 2003, 2015, and 2021 to understand how human-induced changes influence the fate of heavy metals in the estuary's sediments. The potential ecological risk index (RI) suggests Cd should be the priority pollutant for environmental pollution control due to its high toxicity coefficient. In each sampling period, two main sources were identified through normalized heavy metals and PCA-MLR: natural and mixed anthropogenic sources (agricultural, industrial, and traffic activities), reflecting an increase in heavy metals pollution, later mitigated by successful environmental protection measures. Moreover, anthropogenic activities have not only impacted the sources discharge of heavy metals but have also influenced their spatial and temporal distribution through factors such as land reclamation, leading to sediment coarsening and reduced heavy metal content in specific areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangting He
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Marine Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiangxin Luo
- Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research/State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Estuarine Hydraulic Technology, School of Ocean Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Ali Heman
- Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research/State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Estuarine Hydraulic Technology, School of Ocean Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhenkai Chen
- Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research/State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Estuarine Hydraulic Technology, School of Ocean Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jianjun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Marine Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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15
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Liu H, Zeng W, Lai Z, He M, Lin C, Ouyang W, Liu X. Comparison of antimony and arsenic behaviour at the river-lake junction in the middle of the Yangtze River Basin. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 136:189-200. [PMID: 37923429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
As typical metalloid toxic elements widely distributed in environmental media, the geochemical behaviour of antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) affects environmental safety. We selected the surface waters and sediments at the river-lake junction of Dongting Lake as the research objects, analysed the concentration and chemical partitioning of Sb and As, assessed its contamination and ecological risk levels, and discussed its sources and potential influencing factors. The concentrations of dissolved Sb and As in surface waters were low (< 5.46 µg/L), and the concentrations of Sb and As in surface sediments were 2.49-22.65 mg/kg and 11.10-136.34 mg/kg, respectively. Antimony and As in sediments were mainly enriched in the fraction of residues, but the proportion of As in bioavailability was significantly higher than that of Sb. Although the contamination level of Sb was higher than that of As, the risk assessment code (RAC) showed that the ecological risk level of As was higher than that of Sb. Rainwater erosion and mining activities (in the midstream of Zijiang River) were the main contaminated sources of Sb, while As was affect mainly by rainwater erosion. The contamination and ecological risk of Sb in the inlet of the Zijiang River should receive considerable attention, while those of As in the inlet of the Xiangjiang River should also be seriously considered. This study highlights the need for multi-index-based assessments of contamination and ecological risk and the importance of further studies on the environmental behaviour of metalloids in specific hydrological conditions, such as river-lake junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ziyang Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mengchang He
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Chunye Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Xitao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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16
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Gong X, Xiong L, Xing J, Deng Y, Qihui S, Sun J, Qin Y, Zhao Z, Zhang L. Implications on freshwater lake-river ecosystem protection suggested by organic micropollutant (OMP) priority list. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132580. [PMID: 37738851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Lake-river complex systems represent interconnected ecosystems wherein inflow rivers significantly influence the migration of terrigenous contaminants, particularly organic micropollutants (OMPs), into lakes. Given the extensive array of OMPs, screening for those with the highest potential hazard is crucial for safeguarding freshwater lake-river ecosystems. In this study, an optimized multi-criteria scoring method was applied to prioritize OMPs. Flux estimation was then performed to identify the contamination load contributed by the Le'an River to Poyang Lake. Higher concentrations of phthalate esters (PAEs) were detected in the lake-river system, ranging from 1154.5 to 22,732.8 ng/L, followed by antibiotics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), while historical pollutant residues were comparably lower. Based on the prioritization methodology, 27 compounds, encompassing eight PAEs, six organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), six polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), five PAHs and two antibiotics, emerged as priority pollutants. Multiple risk assessments revealed that priority PAEs posed relatively high ecological and human health risks; concurrently, the annual fluxes of individual priority PAEs into the lake all exceeded 1000 kg, with DBP, DEHP and BBP fluxes reaching 18,352, 10,429, and 7825 kg, respectively. This research offers valuable insights stemming from OMP prioritization to aid in the conservation of freshwater lake ecosystems, particularly concerning lake-river system integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xionghu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Lili Xiong
- Jiangxi Hydrological Monitoring Center, Hydrology Bureau of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Jiusheng Xing
- Jiangxi Hydrological Monitoring Center, Hydrology Bureau of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Yanqing Deng
- Jiangxi Hydrological Monitoring Center, Hydrology Bureau of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Su Qihui
- Xinjiang and Raohe Hydrology and Water Resources Monitoring Center, Hydrology Bureau of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Jing Sun
- Xinjiang and Raohe Hydrology and Water Resources Monitoring Center, Hydrology Bureau of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Yu Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
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17
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da Silva CA, Zacché DS, Lehrback BD, Cagnin RC, Costa ES, Longhini CM, Bernardino AF, Sá F, Neto RR. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in estuarine sediments as a consequence of the mine tailings remobilization and transport in the Rio Doce basin. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2024; 20:169-178. [PMID: 37608432 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The Fundão dam failure in 2015 severely impaired the economy, the lives of riverine communities, and the aquatic ecosystems of the Rio Doce basin in southeast Brazil. Several contaminants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), were transported downstream, deposited in the estuary, and released into the Atlantic Ocean. The high concentration of PAHs in estuarine sediments may pose ecological risks and deleterious effects to benthic organisms, so here we aimed at determining the source and fate of these compounds before and after the tailings' arrival. The mean concentration of the analyzed Σ16PAHs increased from 34.05 µg kg-1 in the prefailure period to 751.77 µg kg-1 one year after the arrival of the tailing. The classification of the sediment quality changed from low to moderate contamination. Our results suggest that there was PAHs remobilization by mine tailings along the Rio Doce basin. The target analytes exhibited mostly a pyrolytic profile from fossil fuel and biomass burning. In addition to other contaminants deposited in the estuary after the arrival of the tailings, this study revealed that the profile change of PAHs in the estuary region is a consequence of the mud's erosive power. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:169-178. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar A da Silva
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Danillo S Zacché
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Bethânia D Lehrback
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Renata C Cagnin
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo S Costa
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Cybelle M Longhini
- Laboratory of Marine Biogeochemistry, Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Center of Bioscience, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Angelo F Bernardino
- Grupo de Ecologia Bêntica, Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Fabian Sá
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Renato R Neto
- Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry and Marine Pollution, Department of Oceanography, Center of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Yang H, Guo W, Wang H. Anthropogenic intensification of the eco-hydrothermal regime transition in regulated rivers: The cumulative effect of cascade reservoirs. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119478. [PMID: 37951105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Although more reservoirs are under construction, research on the cumulative effects of cascade reservoirs remains insufficient. In addition, there is a lack of detailed metrics for the extreme hydrothermal events. We develop a comprehensive framework that focuses on changes in the eco-hydrothermal regime of rivers and the cumulative effects of cascade reservoirs. The framework integrates 29 eco-hydrothermal indicators (existing and newly proposed), including Magnitude, Thermal suitability, Timing, Rate of change, and Extreme hydrothermal conditions. A coupled method of the long short-term memory (LSTM) and air2stream models is used to reconstruct multi-scenario water temperature under non-cascade reservoir regulation. Results show that the eco-hydrothermal regime in the upper Yangtze River has undergone significant changes, with the most pronounced change observed in extreme hydrothermal events, where the duration, severity, and kurtosis have increased, with an overall RVA value of 0.87. Cascade reservoir regulation is the main cause of eco-hydrothermal changes, promoting the homogenization of hydrothermal processes, reducing thermal suitability for the Four Famous Major Carp and Chinese Sturgeon during spawning, and delaying the window of thermal signals. The study found that while climate change has enhanced extreme thermal conditions in the upper Yangtze River, the aggravation of extreme high and low hydrothermal conditions is primarily controlled by cascade reservoirs. In terms of the impacts calculated, the duration corresponds to 104-117 days and 32-36 days, severity corresponds to 277.85-287.21 °C2 and -84.53∼-90.2 °C2, and kurtosis corresponds to 1.94-2.42 °C2 and -0.85∼-1.15 °C2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
| | - Wenxian Guo
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China.
| | - Hongxiang Wang
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
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Xing X, Liu W, Li P, Su Y, Li X, Shi M, Hu T, Zhang Y, Liu L, Zhang J, Qi S. Insight into the effect mechanism of sedimentary record of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon: Isotopic evidence for lake organic matter deposition and regional development model. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117380. [PMID: 37832771 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Deciphering the temporal patterns of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediment cores, and the effect mechanism of sedimentary organic matter (OM) and regional development model on PAHs are crucial for pollution control and environmental management. Herein, sediment core was collected from Chenhu international wetland in Wuhan, central China. Meanwhile, historical trend and source of PAHs and sedimentary OM were presented, respectively. Result demonstrated that the most significant growth of PAHs (increased by 158.8%) was attributed to the significant enhancement of traffic emission (5.57 times), coal combustion (4.59 times), and biomass burning (8.09 times). Similarly, the percentage of phytoplankton (stage Ⅲ: 37.9%; stage Ⅳ: 31.2%) and terrestrial C3 plants (stage Ⅲ: 24.6%; stage Ⅳ: 29.2%) to sedimentary OM hold the dominant position after the stage Ⅱ. The obvious shifts of historical trend and sources in PAHs were highly related to economic development models (r = 0.72, p < 0.001) and sedimentary OM (r = 0.82, p < 0.001). It demonstrated that eutrophication of lake accelerated the burial of PAHs. Redundancy analysis results suggested that TOC was dominating driver of sedimentary PAHs (16.56%) and phytoplankton occupied 9.58%. To further confirm the significant role of economic development models, three different historical trends of PAHs in different regions of China were presented. The result of this study provides the new insight into the geochemistry mechanism of lake sedimentary OM and PAHs. Meanwhile, the relationship of regional development model and sedimentary PAHs was highlighted in this study. Significantly, the main environmental implications of this study are as follows: (1) lake eutrophication of phytoplankton OM accelerated the burial of PAHs in lake sediment; (2) economic development models and energy structure significantly influence the sedimentary PAHs. This study highlights the coupling relationship between OM burial and PAHs sedimentation, and the importance of accelerating the transformation of economic energy structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Xing
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China.
| | - Weijie Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Geological Bureau, Wuhan, 430034, China
| | - Yewang Su
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xingyu Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Mingming Shi
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Tianpeng Hu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Hubei Geological Bureau, Wuhan, 430034, China
| | - Li Liu
- Hubei Geological Bureau, Wuhan, 430034, China
| | - Jiaquan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Shihua Qi
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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20
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Wu J, Yang G, Chen H, Zhai Y, Teng Y, Li J, Chen R. Source apportionment and source specific health risk assessment of HMs and PAHs in soils with an integrated framework in a typical cold agricultural region in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:167337. [PMID: 37748612 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
A new innovative methodology system framework for source apportionment and source-specific risk assessment has been proposed and actively applied to identify the contamination characteristics, oriented sources and health risks associated with contamination levels of Heavy metals (HMs) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils, a typical cold agricultural region in Northeastern China. To achieve this meaningful goal, a large-scale dataset including 1780 top soil samples, 10 HMs and 16 priority PAHs has been organized and collected from a typical study area in China. The total concentrations of the 10 selected HMs in study area range from 0.05 to 2147.40 mg/kg, with an average of 549.25 ± 541.37 mg/kg. The average concentrations of PAHs for (3-6)-rings are 16.60 ± 18.90, 26.40 ± 28.20, 9.51 ± 13.00 and 1.99 ± 5.30 ng/g, respectively. On the base of optimized literature source fingerprints for HM and PAH, a widely used receptor model, positive matrix factorization (PMF) has been applied to apportion the contamination sources HMs and PAHs in soils. Then source-specific health risk of soil HMs and PAHs have been assessed using the probabilistic incremental lifetime cancer risk model incorporated with source apportionment results data. Fertilizer residues/coke oven comprise the primary contamination source contributors of HMs and PAHs with corresponding contributions of 32.23 % and 27.93 % for HMs and 37.94 % for PAHs. Fertilizer/pesticide residues contributes most to the risks of soil HMs (28.8 %), followed by fossil fuel combustion (24.6 %), mining activities (20.2 %), traffic and vehicle emission (16.3 %) and electroplating/dyeing (14.1 %). Meanwhile, the ranking of health risks from the five identified contamination sources of soil PAHs are resident discharge, coal-fired boilers, coke oven emission, gasoline combustion and power plant, with the contribution of 27.1 %, 25.3 %, 17.3 %, 15.5 % and 14.8 %. And relatively, source-specific risk assessment demonstrates fossil fuel and coal combustion contribute the greatest impact to the total risk of HMs and PAHs (61.7 % and 56.1 %), respectively. This study provides a good example of how the source specific health risk assessment can be utilized to reduce the contamination in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wu
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Development Research Center, Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuanzheng Zhai
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yanguo Teng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Ruihui Chen
- Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100048, China.
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Tan H, Wang L, Mo L, Wu C, Xing Q, Zhang X, Deng X, Li Y, Li Q. Occurrence and ecological risks of flonicamid and its metabolites in multiple substrates from intensive rice-vegetable rotations in tropical China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165571. [PMID: 37459992 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Rice-vegetable rotations are dominant in (sub)-tropical agriculture worldwide. However, fate and risks of the insecticide flonicamid (FLO) and its main degradates (collectively called FLOMs) in multiple substrates from those cropping systems remain largely unknown. In this study, we characterized residual concentrations, driving factors, transport, and potential ecological risks of FLOMs in different substrates in 28 tropical rice-vegetable rotations. Concentrations (median) of FLOMs were 0.013-3.03 (0.42) ng g-1 in plants, 0.012-1.92 (0.23) ng g-1 in soil, 0.029-0.63 (0.126) μg L-1 in water, and 0.002-0.398 (0.055) ng g-1 in sediments. Flonicamid and its metabolite N-(4-trifluoromethylnicotinoyl) glycine were the dominant species in the four substrates (84.1 % to 88.5 %). Plants had the highest levels of FLOMs, with the highest bioconcentration factor in peppers. According to boosted regression trees coupled with a partial least squares structural equation model, levels and composition of FLOMs showed high spatiotemporal and crop-related patterns in different substrates, with patterns highly codetermined by agricultural practices (e.g., crop type and FLO/neonicotinoid/pyrethroid applications), substrate parameters (e.g., pH, organic matter or total organic carbon), and climate features (e.g., wet/dry seasons). Moreover, a fugacity method indicated differences in transport and partitioning patterns in different substrates during rice and vegetable planting periods. Integrated substrate risk assessment of FLOMs contamination was conducted based on species-sensitive distributions and substrate weight index. Although overall risks of FLOM contamination in tropical rice-vegetable rotations were negligible to low, the highest risks were in soils, vegetable planting periods, and a central intensively planted area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadong Tan
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Danzhou 571737, PR China; Hainan Engineering Research Center for Non-point Source and Heavy Metal Pollution Control, Danzhou 571737, PR China
| | - Licheng Wang
- Hainan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Haikou 571126, PR China
| | - Ling Mo
- Hainan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Haikou 571126, PR China
| | - Chunyuan Wu
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Danzhou 571737, PR China; Hainan Engineering Research Center for Non-point Source and Heavy Metal Pollution Control, Danzhou 571737, PR China.
| | - Qiao Xing
- Hainan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Haikou 571126, PR China.
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Proving Ground, Danzhou 571737, PR China
| | - Xiao Deng
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Danzhou 571737, PR China; Hainan Engineering Research Center for Non-point Source and Heavy Metal Pollution Control, Danzhou 571737, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Danzhou 571737, PR China; Hainan Engineering Research Center for Non-point Source and Heavy Metal Pollution Control, Danzhou 571737, PR China
| | - Qinfen Li
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Danzhou 571737, PR China; Hainan Engineering Research Center for Non-point Source and Heavy Metal Pollution Control, Danzhou 571737, PR China
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22
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Guo W, Yang H, Hu J, Hong F, Ma Y, Wang H. Driving forces of hydrological health and multifractal response of fish habitat in regulated rivers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118844. [PMID: 37604102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and anthropogenic activities are major influences on the hydrological cycle, further altering river hydrological health. However, the characteristics of the forces in driving the variations of hydrological health at long-short time scales (annual, seasonal, monthly), as well as the potential impacts of these variations on aquatic habitats, remain unclear. In this study, the flow threshold method was introduced to identify the inherent characteristics of river hydrological health degree (RHD) evolution in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River (URYR) through the extreme-point symmetric modal decomposition (ESMD) method and range of variation approach (RVA). The RHD under unregulated conditions was reconstructed to quantify the impacts of anthropogenic activities and climate change. Subsequently, a multifractal model was proposed to establish the relationship between RHD and habitat-weighted usage area (WUA) during the spawning period of the Four Famous Major Carps, aiming to analyze the response mechanisms of habitat conditions to RHD fluctuations. The results showed that the RHD in the URYR exhibited degradation characteristics, experiencing a moderate change with a value of 0.44. Climate change was identified as the dominant factor causing the annual-scale decline in RHD, with an average impact weight of 62.9%. At the annual scale, Anthropogenic activities exacerbate (-3.4), counteract (20.1), and counteract (20.5) the adverse climatic impacts at Yichang, Cuntan, and Zhutuo stations, respectively. Additionally, the effect of human activities during the flood season is slight, with the most favorable and unfavorable impacts occurring in December (50.7) at the Zhutuo station and in October (-27.2) at the Yichang station. Under the influence of driving forces, the multifractal correlation of the RHD-WUA system tended to homogenized as the time window increased, indicating the presence of potential nonlinear dependence, asymmetric fractal characteristics, and positive-to-negative persistence transitions. Therefore, modeling river health considering fish habitat cannot be limited to linear paradigms. The findings provide valuable insights for the management and restoration of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxian Guo
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Huan Yang
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Jianwen Hu
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Fengtian Hong
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yinchu Ma
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Hongxiang Wang
- North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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23
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Qi A, Wang P, Lv J, Zhao T, Huang Q, Wang Y, Zhang X, Wang M, Xiao Y, Yang L, Ji Y, Wang W. Distributions of PAHs, NPAHs, OPAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs in air, bulk deposition, soil, and water in the Shandong Peninsula, China: Urban-rural gradient, interface exchange, and long-range transport. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115494. [PMID: 37742577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
A systematic study of the movement of PAHs (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and their derivatives through air, soil, and water is key to understanding the exchange and transport mechanisms of these pollutants in the environment and for ultimately improving environmental quality. PAHs and their derivatives, such as nitrated PAHs (NPAHs), oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs), brominated PAHs (BrPAHs) and chlorinated PAHs (ClPAHs), were analyzed in air, bulk deposition, soil, and water samples collected from urban, rural, field, and background sites on the eastern coast of China. The goal was to investigate and discuss their spatiotemporal variations, exchange fluxes, and transport potential. The concentrations of PAHs and their derivatives in the air and bulk deposition displayed distinct seasonal patterns, with higher concentrations observed during the winter and spring and lower concentrations during the summer and autumn. NPAHs exhibited the opposite trend. Significant urban-rural gradients were observed for most of the PAHs and their derivatives. According to the air-soil fugacity calculations, 2-3 ring PAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs were found to volatilize from the soil into the air, while 4-7 ring PAHs, OPAHs, and NPAHs deposited from the air into the soil. The air-water fugacity of the PAHs and their derivatives indicated that surface water was an important source for the ambient atmosphere in Qingdao. The characteristic travel distances (CTDs) and persistence (Pov) for atmospheric transport were much lower than that for the water samples, which may be due to the longer half-lives of PAHs and their derivatives in water. NPAHs and ClPAHs with long transport distances and strong persistence in water could lead to a significant impact on marine pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anan Qi
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jianhua Lv
- Qingdao Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Qingdao Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiongfei Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Miao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lingxiao Yang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Yaqin Ji
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Wenxing Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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Chen Y, Song R, Li P, Wang Y, Tan Y, Ma Y, Yang L, Wu L, Du Z, Qi X, Zhang Z. Spatiotemporal distribution, sources apportionment and ecological risks of PAHs: a study in the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:7405-7424. [PMID: 36788152 PMCID: PMC9928594 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01500-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the sources, contamination and ecological risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) based on their spatiotemporal distribution in aquatic environment in the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River (WYR). The fugacity ratio evaluation indicated that sediment was secondary release sources of two- and three-ring PAHs and sinks of four- and five-ring PAHs. The total concentrations of PAHs (Σ16PAHs) ranged from 2.51 to 102.5 ng/L in water with the dominant contribution of 47.8% by two-ring PAHs. Σ16PAHs in sediments varied from 5.90 to 2926 ng/g with the contribution of 35.4% by four-ring PAHs. The higher levels of PAHs occurred around developed industrial areas during the wet season, which was related to local industrial emissions and influenced by rainfall/runoff. Annual flux of Σ16PAHs was estimated of 28.77 t. The PMF model analysis revealed that petroleum and industrial emissions were the dominant sources in water accounting for 58.5% of the total pollution, although traffic emission was the main source for sediment accounting for 44.6%. Risk assessments showed that PAHs in water were at low risks, whereas about 44% of the sediments were identified as medium risks. Therefore, energy structure adjustment and further implement of regulation and monitoring are necessary to reduce PAH emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ranran Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ping Li
- China-UK Water and Soil Resources Sustainable Utilization Joint Research Centre, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Yile Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yongfei Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lie Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhenjie Du
- China-UK Water and Soil Resources Sustainable Utilization Joint Research Centre, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Xuebin Qi
- China-UK Water and Soil Resources Sustainable Utilization Joint Research Centre, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Zulin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, UK.
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25
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Liu X, Dong Z, Baccolo G, Gao W, Li Q, Wei T, Qin X. Distribution, composition and risk assessment of PAHs and PCBs in cryospheric watersheds of the eastern Tibetan Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 890:164234. [PMID: 37230341 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are significant components of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and pose a threat to both ecosystems and human health. To explore their spatial distribution, origins, and risk assessment, we collected 25 glacial meltwater and downstream river water samples in the eastern Tibetan Plateau (including the Qilian Mountains in the northeast) during the summer of 2022 (June-July). Our results showed that ∑PAHs and ∑PCBs were present in a wide range from ND-1380 ng/L and ND-1421 ng/L, respectively. Compared to other studies worldwide, the ∑PAHs and ∑PCBs in the Hengduan Mountains were at high levels. The PAHs and PCBs mainly consisted of low-molecular-weight homologs, including Ace, Flu, Phe, and PCB52. Phe was the primary component of PAHs. Glacial meltwater samples generally exhibited low concentration of PAHs and PCB52, whereas downstream river water samples typically showed high concentration of PAHs and PCB52. We attributed this characteristic to the influence of pollutants physicochemical properties, altitude effect, long-range transport (LRT), and local environmental conditions. In the eastern Tibetan Plateau glacier basin (especially in the Hailuogou watersheds), the concentration of PAHs and PCB52 in runoff generally increased with decreasing elevation. We believe that the primary factor affecting the concentration of PAHs and PCB52 in the region is the difference in local human activity inputs from various altitudes. The composition characteristics of PAHs and PCBs suggested that incomplete coal combustion and coking discharge mainly caused PAHs, while the combustion of coal and charcoal and the release of capacitors primarily caused PCBs. We assessed the carcinogenic risk of PAHs and PCBs in the glacier basin of the TP and found that the potential threat of PAHs was stronger than that of PCBs. Overall, this study provides new insights into the ecological security of water resources in eastern Tibetan Plateau. It is significant for controlling PAHs and PCBs emissions, assessing the ecological environment of the glacier watershed, and regional human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; College of Environment and Planning, National Demonstration Center for Geography and Environment, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhiwen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Giovanni Baccolo
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wenhua Gao
- College of Environment and Planning, National Demonstration Center for Geography and Environment, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Quanlian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ting Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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Xi J, Cao Y, Wang Y, You X, Liu W, Wang T, Yin J, Ma J, Wang Z, Wu N, Zhang X, Duan H, Luan Y. PIG-A gene mutation as a mutagenicity biomarker among coke oven workers. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 178:113872. [PMID: 37271276 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PIG-A gene mutations can be detected in humans, and PIG-A assays can potentially predict the risk of exposure to carcinogens. However, extensive, population-based studies to validate this are lacking. We studied a cohort of occupational coke oven workers with chronic high exposure to carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are well-studied genotoxins classified by the IARC as carcinogenic to humans. Peripheral blood erythrocytes of workers were assessed for gene mutations using a PIG-A assay, and chromosome damage using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus test with lymphocytes. Two sample populations from a non-industrialized city and new employees in industrial plants were selected as controls. We observed a significantly elevated PIG-A mutation frequency (MF) and increased frequencies of micronuclei (MN) and nuclear buds (NBUDs) in coke oven workers, compared with levels in the control groups. We found that the coke oven workers with different lengths of service had a relatively high mutation frequency. Overall, the study findings showed that occupational exposure of coke oven workers increases the genetic damage and the PIG-A MF could be a potential biomarker for risk assessment of carcinogen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyi Cao
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue You
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiying Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Junxiang Ma
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huawei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Yang Luan
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Cheng J, Wang Y, Li Y, Kong L, Wang X, Han J. A Multiphase Coupled Hydrodynamic Model for Fate and Transport Simulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in a Semi-Closed Narrow Bay. TOXICS 2023; 11:634. [PMID: 37505599 PMCID: PMC10384533 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
With their unique geographical characteristics, semi-closed narrow bays are important places for human survival but vulnerable to pollution. Because pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs) migrate and undergo transformation through a dynamic mechanism in bays of this type, environmental authorities have formulated a series of effective measures for pollution prevention and control, but these are difficult to realize. Based on monitoring and historical data, a multiphase-coupled hydrodynamic model combined with a carcinogenic risk-assessment model was able to solve the challenging environmental problem. Results showed that the hydrodynamic condition in the semi-closed narrow bay was very complex. A weaker hydrodynamic force had an adverse influence on the diffusion of pollutants, further amplified in part by the head of the semi-closed narrow bay, resulting in a higher ecological risk. The prediction results indicated that the total amount of PAHs transported from seawater to sediments was about 4.7 × 1013 ng/year, which might cause serious threats to aquaculture or human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Cheng
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center 1, No. 42 Linghe Str., Shahekou District, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ying Wang
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center 1, No. 42 Linghe Str., Shahekou District, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yuxia Li
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center 1, No. 42 Linghe Str., Shahekou District, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Lingna Kong
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center 1, No. 42 Linghe Str., Shahekou District, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center 1, No. 42 Linghe Str., Shahekou District, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jianbo Han
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center 1, No. 42 Linghe Str., Shahekou District, Dalian 116023, China
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Wang H, Huang X, Kuang Z, Zheng X, Zhao M, Yang J, Huang H, Fan Z. Source apportionment and human health risk of PAHs accumulated in edible marine organisms: A perspective of "source-organism-human". JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 453:131372. [PMID: 37060753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Most PAHs produced by human activities can be absorbed and accumulated by edible organisms and pose a potential hazard to human health. However, the source apportionment and human health risk of PAHs accumulated in edible organisms remains largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted source analysis and health risk assessment based on the PAH concentrations in ten marine fish from coastal areas of Guangdong, China. Results showed that the pollution of PAHs in fish organisms was at "Minimally polluted" level, and that all marine fish had the ability to accumulate PAHs. Risk assessment indicated Carcinogenic risk of PAHs in four populations was at a "Cautionary risk" level, with urban children suffered the highest risk. Petroleum pollution, Coal and biomass combustion, and Marine transport emissions were identified as the main anthropogenic sources for PAHs in organisms, and Marine transport emissions accounted for the highest Carcinogenic risk. The Acceptable daily intake for all populations were far below their actual daily intake without causing "Cautionary risk". Our findings provide new insights into the source apportionment and health risk of PAHs from a "source-organism-human" perspective, and suggested that joint management of three anthropogenic sources would be an effective way to prevent the health risks of PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Xinmiao Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zexing Kuang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Menglu Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jing Yang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Honghui Huang
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510300, China.
| | - Zhengqiu Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
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29
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Wu Y, Zhang Z, Huang W, Liu H, Zhang R, Jiao H, Sun A, Chen J, Shi X. Environmental profile, potential sources, and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a typical coastal bay and outer bay area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27885-3. [PMID: 37264168 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27885-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As a class of persistent organic pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely present and accumulate in multimedia environments. The pollution characteristics, spatiotemporal distribution, potential sources, influencing factors, and ecological risks of 16 PAHs were investigated in the water-sediment system of the Hangzhou Bay and outer bay area (HZB and OBA, respectively). The total concentrations of 16 PAHs (∑PAHs) were 220 ± 97.0 and 130 ± 36.0 ng/L in the seawater and 343 ± 179 and 505 ± 415 μg/kg (dry weight) in the sediments of the HZB and OBA, respectively. The pollution level of PAHs in the HZB seawater was higher than that in the OBA seawater, but the opposite result was found in the sediments. Moreover, ∑PAHs exhibited high temporal variability in the HZB seawater (rainy season > dry season), whereas ∑PAHs in the sediments showed no significant difference between seasons. The molecular diagnostic ratio method was used to identify pollution sources and showed that the PAHs in seawater came from different pollution sources (fuel combustion and petroleum), whereas the PAHs in the sediments originated from coincident sources (mixed combustion). Correlation analysis revealed that temperature was positively related to ∑PAHs, whereas salinity was negatively related to seawater ∑PAHs values. Ecological risk assessment demonstrated that the potential for adverse ecological effects was low to moderate in seawater but moderate to high in the sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics and Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Jiao
- College of Biological and Environment Science, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, People's Republic of China
| | - Aili Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Rokhbar M, Keshavarzi B, Moore F, Zarei M, Hooda PS, Risk MJ. Occurrence and source of PAHs in Miankaleh International Wetland in Iran. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 321:138140. [PMID: 36791821 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We examined the occurrence and sources of 16 priority PAHs in the water and sediment samples of the Miankaleh Wetland (Coastal Biosphere Reserve), famous for harbouring huge flocks of migrating birds. The water and sediment samples collected from various locations were visualized and processed using a self-organizing map, positive matrix factorization and GIS. All the sediment samples, and >90% of the water samples, showed some degree of PAHs contamination. Higher PAH levels occur near the Chopoghi Channel, powerplants, sewage outfalls, and near fishing operations. Compared with previous study in this area, the PAHs concentration in the sediments of aquatic ecosystem of Miankaleh Wetland is increasing. The levels of PAH contamination seem too low to account for the mass deaths of migratory birds, and botulinus contamination seems the likely cause. Fugacity calculations show that the sediments act as a sink for PAHs. According to PMF and SOM analyses, three origins of PAHs were recognized: (i) fossil fuel and vehicular emissions with high-molecular weight PAHs (4-5 ring); (ii) municipal and industrial sewages characterized by low-molecular weight PAHs (2-3 ring) typical of petrogenic sources; and (iii) port activity characterized by prevalence of petrogenic influence and petroleum-related activities (combustion PAHs and low-molecular weight PAHs) consistent with port activity. This wetland needs serious attention because of continuous input of pollutants. The results and the methods used in this study may assist in improving coastal wetlands management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Rokhbar
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behnam Keshavarzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Farid Moore
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Zarei
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Peter S Hooda
- Department of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Kingston University London, Kingston Upon Thames, KT12EE, UK
| | - Michael J Risk
- Department of Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
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31
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Guo M, Li M, Fu H, Zhang Y, Chen T, Tang H, Zhang T, Li H. Quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) combined with Random Forest. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 287:122057. [PMID: 36332395 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have strong carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, mutagenicity and other adverse effects on human beings. They are one of the most dangerous pollutants, which have attracted great attention in the past decades. In this work, aiming at the actual problems that water environment is polluted and human health is threatened by PAHs, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) combined with Random Forest (RF) calibration models were used to quantitative analysis of phenanthrene and fluoranthene in water. Firstly, the SERS data was collected after samples mixed with Ag NPs, after 31 PAHs samples were prepared. Secondly, it was discussed how spectral preprocessing integration strategies affect on the prediction performance of the RF calibration models. And then, the effect of mutual information (MI) variable selection method on the performance of RF calibration models was explored. Finally, the RF calibration models were established for phenanthrene and fluoranthene. For the prediction set, a lowest mean relative error (MRE) and a largest determination coefficient (R2) were obtained. For quantitative analysis of phenanthrene, the final prediction performance results show that R2p is 0.9780, and MREp is 0.0369 based on the D1st-WT-RF calibration model. For fluoranthene, WT-D1st-MI-RF is a better calibration model, and corresponding to R2p and MREp are 0.9770 and 0.0694, respectively. Hence, a rapid and accurate quantitative method of PAHs is established for the real-time detection of water environmental pollution, which is intended to provide new ideas and methods for the quantitative analysis of PAHs in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Maogang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Han Fu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Xi'an Wanlong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Hongsheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Tianlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
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32
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Liu Y, He Y, Liu Y, Liu H, Tao S, Liu W. Source identification and ecological risks of parent and substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in river surface sediment-pore water systems: Effects of multiple factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159921. [PMID: 36343826 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (SPAHs) have shown higher health and ecological risks than the corresponding parent PAHs (PPAHs) from laboratory studies, their variations in freshwater system, especially in surface sediment and pore water, remain inadequate understanding. In this study, we revealed the coexistence, ecological risk, and multiple factors affecting variations and sources of PPAHs and SPAHs (nitrated PAHs (NPAHs), oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs)) in the surface sediment-pore water system from a typical urban river in Northern China. The concentration ranges of Σ26PPAHs, Σ10NPAHs, and Σ4OPAHs in the surface sediments were 153.0-5367.4, not detected (N.D.)-105.4, and 42.2-1177.0 ng·g-1 dry weight, and fell within 0.6-38.8, N.D.-297.9, and N.D.-212.6 ng·mL-1 in the pore waters. The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (SNE) coupled with the partitioning around medoids (PAM) elucidated spatiotemporal the variations in PAHs, emphasizing the impacts of industrial activities and sewage discharges. Besides the geochemical and hydrochemical conditions, SPAHs were affected by the potential secondary formation, especially during the wet season. The method comparisons indicated the advantages of principal component analysis-multivariate linear regression (PCA-MLR) and n-alkanes model on source identification. PAHs mainly originated from fossil fuel combustion and vehicular exhaust. The top risk quotient (RQ) values for PAHs occurred in the urban and industrial sections. A majority of the surface sediment samples emerged with low to moderate exposure risks, while all the pore water samples showed high exposure risks. The RQs of OPAHs were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than those of PPAHs. The results suggested the secondary formation of SPAHs as an important role in ecological risks of PAHs in the urban river system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yong He
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - HuiJuan Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shu Tao
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - WenXin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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33
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Areguamen OI, Calvin NN, Gimba CE, Okunola OJ, Abdulkadir AT, Elebo A. Assessment of seasonal variation in distribution, source identification, and risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated sediment of Ikpoba River, South-South Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:302. [PMID: 36645518 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to assess the seasonal variation in distribution, source identification, and risk of 20 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (20 PAHs) in the sediment of the Ikpoba River, south-south Nigeria. The PAHs were extracted in an ultrasonic bath with a mixture of n-hexane and dichloromethane (1:1 v/v). The extract was cleaned by silica-alumina gel mixed with anhydrous Na2SO4 in a chromatography column, eluted by n-hexane, and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The range of the average PAHs in mg.kg-dw was 0.15 (Nap)-0.54 (Acy) and 0.13 (D.al.P)-0.99 (Acy) in wet and dry periods correspondingly, indicating an increase in concentration from wet to dry period. However, the rings of the average concentration of the PAHs show 6 and 3 rings to be the highest values during the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Based on the human health risk analysis, the hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk indices showed low non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk for both seasons. The ecological risk analysis showed the mean effect range median quotient (mERMQ) recorded a medium-low effect on the biota of the locations, except in AS3 during the wet season and also in WS8 and WS9 during the dry season. The minimum value of the toxic equivalent quotient (TEQ) was > 0.2 mg/kg, which indicated a recommendation for the clean-up of the Ikpoba River. The isomer ratio and the principal component analysis (PCA) revealed the sources of the PAHs to be majorly combustion, followed by pyrolytic and petrogenic sources for both seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Abuchi Elebo
- Chemistry Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
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Shang N, Wang C, Kong J, Yu H, Li J, Hao W, Huang T, Yang H, He H, Huang C. Dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs-d) in response to hydrology variation and anthropogenic activities in the Yangtze River, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116673. [PMID: 36375425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their bioavailability and toxicity, the dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs-d) loaded in rivers are harmful to both inland and marine ecosystems. Thus, exploring the changes in PAHs-d levels and sources is important for controlling PAHs pollution. In this study, the concentration of PAHs-d in the mainstream of the Yangtze River during dry and wet seasons was investigated and the source was analyzed using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to assess the response of PAHs-d to hydrological and anthropogenic activities changes. The concentration of PAHs-d in the wet season (166.2 ± 52.51 ng/L) was significantly higher than that in the dry season (89.05 ± 20.89 ng/L) (ANOVA, P < 0.001), and the sampling sites with high pollution were mainly distributed in the downstream urban agglomeration. Herein, 2-3 rings were identified to play a dominant role in the composition of PAHs-d. Compared with the dry season, the proportion of the low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs-d were relatively depleted and the high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs-d were accumulated in the wet season. Coal and coke combustion were identified as the main sources of PAHs-d (65.9% in the dry season and 59.2% in the wet season), followed by vehicle emissions, petroleum sources, and biomass combustion. Owing to the change in energy consumption structure and climate characteristics, the sources of PAHs-d displayed seasonal variation and spatial heterogeneity. Further, flow was identified as the most important factor affecting PAHs-d in the hydrological parameters. Increases of flow, pH, and SPM decreased the proportion of LMW PAHs-d, and increased that of HMW PAHs-d. The increase in anthropogenic activities intensified the residual levels of 2-3rings and 5-6 rings in water, but had no significant impact on the levels of 4 rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Shang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Chuan Wang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jijie Kong
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Heyu Yu
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jianhong Li
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Weiyue Hao
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Tao Huang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecological and Resource Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, 354300, China
| | - Changchun Huang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210023, China
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35
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Wang Q, Xu H, Yin J, Du S, Liu C, Li JY. Significance of the great protection of the Yangtze River: Riverine input contributes primarily to the presence of PAHs and HMs in its estuary and the adjacent sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 186:114366. [PMID: 36436271 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Yangtze River protection strategies are expected to improve the water quality and ecological function of the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE). The concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 6 heavy metals (HMs) in the YRE were measured and the riverine fluxes were calculated subsequently. In particular, the concentrations of low molecular weight PAHs (LMW-PAHs), arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) in seawater decreased over time, while those of other studied pollutants did not change a lot. In sediments, the concentration changes for all the pollutants were insignificant. For the present pollutants, the river input is the dominant source, and the flux decreased after the protection. The contribution of the discharge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) was quantified. Its influence cannot be ignored. The seafood quality remained stable and the risk via diet was insignificant. Long-term monitoring is necessary, and the positive impact of the Protection Strategy is gradually emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanwen Xu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengnan Du
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Caicai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies, The Ministry of Nature Resources, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan-Ying Li
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Pudong, Shanghai, China.
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Zhang H, Yuan L, Xue J, Wu H. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface water and sediment from Shanghai port, China: spatial distribution, source apportionment, and potential risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:7973-7986. [PMID: 36048385 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22706-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution, sources, and potential risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were systematically investigated in Shanghai port, one of the most important hubs in international trade. The 16 priority PAHs in surface water and sediment were determined. Total concentrations of 16 PAHs (Σ16PAHs) ranged from 140.6 to 647.4 ng/L in surface water and from 12.7 to 573.2 ng/g (dry weight, dw) in sediment, respectively. The 2-ring and 3-ring PAHs with low molecular weight were main components in water, while the 3-ring and 4-ring PAHs were abundant in sediment. Flu was the main component of the Σ16PAHs in water and sediment. According to the source apportionment, the PAHs in water mostly originated from combustion of fossil fuels and petroleum and petroleum combustion were the main contributors to the PAHs in sediment. The results obtained from potential risk assessment indicate that the PAHs in surface water present a moderate ecological risk, whereas the PAHs in sediment show low ecological risk indicating a less possibility of toxic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Centre for Research On the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Centre for Research On the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Junzeng Xue
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Centre for Research On the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Huixian Wu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- Centre for Research On the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Hu T, Shi M, Mao Y, Liu W, Li M, Yu Y, Yu H, Cheng C, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Xing X, Qi S. The characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals in water and sediment of dajiuhu subalpine wetland, shennongjia, central China, 2018-2020: Insights for sources, sediment-water exchange, and ecological risk. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136788. [PMID: 36220429 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals (HMs) are persistent environmental issues. Secondary emissions are produced as a result of climate change and human activity. To observe spatio-temporal variations of PAHs and HMs and to discuss the sources as well as the source or sink of PAHs for sediment and peat, twelve surface sediment and surface water sites were chosen along the direction of the flow to down hole in the Dajiuhu area, simultaneously, surface peat and water samples were collected in peatland. Samples were continuously taken for three years (Sep. 2018, Sep. 2019, and Sep. 2020, respectively). The results showed that PAHs and HMs are common in sediment and peat. PAHs concentration is generally higher in peat and water, while HMs concentration is relatively higher in water and relatively low in sediment and peat, and the ecological risk of sediment was low. HMs in sediment are mainly affected by rock weathering, while PAHs are mainly affected by atmospheric deposition, biomass and coal combustion and vehicle emission. HMs and PAHs can be used as an indicator of rock weathering and human activity in Dajiuhu area, respectively. A water-sediment fugacity analysis revealed that peat is a sink for PAHs, confirming that it has a high capacity for adsorbing organic contaminants, and that sediments are secondary sources of PAHs that can release them into water. Attention should be paid to the increased fugacity fraction (ff) value in peatland, indicating that peat might be converted from a sink to a source of PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpeng Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Mingming Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Yao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Weijie Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Miao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Haikuo Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhiqi Zhang
- Shennongjia National Park Administration, Shennongjia, 442400, China
| | - Jiaquan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Xinli Xing
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China.
| | - Shihua Qi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Basin Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
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Ghadrshenas A, Tabatabaie T, Amiri F, Pazira AR. Distribution, source finding, ecological hazard assessment, and water-sediment exchange rate of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in South Pars Industrial Zone, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:157. [PMID: 36441256 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
South Pars Industrial Zone is located near an Assaluyeh city on the coast of the Persian Gulf and is known as the energy capital of Iran. In this study, environmental and health effects due to PCB congeners had an assessment. In this study, 10 air stations, 10 seawater, and sediments stations were systematically selected and sampled in two seasons. Air, seawater, and sediment pollution made by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were evaluated. Seawater-sediment exchange conditions using the fugacity coefficient reviewed. PCB levels in marine sediments, seawater, and air based on the analysis of the obtained data were 107.33-172.92 ng/g, ND-135.68 ng/L, and ND-4.4 ng/m3, respectively. The highest concentration was observed in the vicinity of refineries, petrochemicals, and petroleum export facilities. These values had increased significantly compared to values of studies, conducted in similar areas. The sources were electrical wastes, storage sites, power generation units, and wastewater treatment. The ecological risk of seawater was assessed to be low to high, while sediment risks were reported with a low to moderate risk range. In 70% of the stations, the predominant transfer was from sediments to seawater; sediments were in fact the secondary source of seawater pollution. It is suggested for the area to be continuously monitored, while engineering and management measures should be adopted to improve the situation and also prevent the spread of pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ghadrshenas
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Tabatabaie
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Fazel Amiri
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Abdul Rahim Pazira
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
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Deng YL, Yang P, Wang YX, Liu C, Luo Q, Shi T, Zeng JY, Lu TT, Chen PP, Miao Y, Zhang M, Cui FP, Lu WQ, Zeng Q. Urinary concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and phthalate metabolite mixtures in relation to semen quality among men attending an infertility clinic. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:81749-81759. [PMID: 35737263 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21525-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that exposure to phthalates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is individually associated with altered semen quality, but no human studies have evaluated their joint effects of exposure mixtures, a more real-world scenario. We aimed to explore urinary metabolite mixtures of phthalates and PAHs in associations with semen quality. Repeated spot-urine samples gathered from 695 men attending a fertility clinic were analyzed for urinary metabolites of eight phthalates and ten monohydroxylated-PAHs (OH-PAHs). Principal component analysis (PCA)-multivariable linear regression (MLR) model, quantile g-computation (qg-comp), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were applied to estimate the associations of urinary mixtures of phthalate and OH-PAH metabolites with semen quality. The overall effects of urinary mixtures of phthalate and PAH metabolites on semen quality were not statistically significant. However, hydroxynaphthalene (OHNa) factor identified from PCA was monotonically associated with decreased total sperm count and sperm concentration, whereas di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) factor was non-monotonically related to increased progressive sperm motility and total sperm motility. Qg-comp and BKMR models confirmed these findings and identified 2-OHNa and 2-OHFlu as the primary negative contributors, whereas MEOHP and MEHP as the primary positive contributors. Our findings suggest that exposure to mixtures of naphthalene and DEHP is associated with altered semen quality. The finding is warranted to confirm in further well-designed epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yue Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Lu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan-Pan Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Peng Cui
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qing Lu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Li JM, Yao CL, Lin WH, Surampalli RY, Zhang TC, Tseng TY, Kao CM. Toxicity determination, pollution source delineation, and microbial diversity evaluation of PAHs-contaminated sediments for an urban river. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10810. [PMID: 36433735 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Feng-Sang River is a metropolitan river in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. In this study, Feng-Sang River sediments were analyzed to investigate the distributions and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs), potentially carcinogenic PAHs (TEQcarc), and toxic equivalence quotient (TEQ) were applied to evaluate influences of PAHs on ecosystems and microbial diversities. Results indicate that PAHs concentrations varied between seasons and locations. The concentrations of ∑16PAHs ranged from 73.6 to 603.8 ng/kg in dry seasons and from 2.3 to 199.3 ng/kg in wet seasons. This could be because of the flushing effect during wet seasons, which caused the movement and dilution of the PAH-contaminated sediments. Diagnostic ratio analysis infers that high PAHs levels were generated by combustion processes and vehicle traffic, and results from multivariate descriptive statistical analysis also demonstrate that the vehicular traffic pollution could be the major emission source of PAHs contamination. Comparisons of PAHs with SQGs indicate that PAHs concentrations in sediment were below the effects range low (ERL) values, and thus, the immediate threat to organisms might not be significant. The diagnostic ratio analyses are effective methods for PAH source appointment. The metagenomic assay results imply that sediments contained essential microbial species with eminent diversity. The detected PAH-degrading bacteria (Desulfatiglans, Dechloromonas, Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium, Rhodobacter, Clostridium, and Exiguobacterium) played a key role in PAHs biotransformation, and Dechloromonas and Rhodobacter had a higher relative abundance. Results of microbial diversity analyses indicate that the contaminated environment induced the changes of governing microbial groups in sediments. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Diagnostic ratio analyses are effective methods for PAHs source appointment. Microbial composition in sediments are highly affected by anthropogenic pollution. Combustion and vehicle traffic contribute to urban river sediments pollution by PAHs. Dechloromonas and Rhodobacter are dominant PAHs-degrading bacteria in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Min Li
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ling Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Han Lin
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Rao Y Surampalli
- Global Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainability, Lenexa, Kansas, USA
| | - Tian C Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Tsung-Yu Tseng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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41
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Hasanoglu S, Göktaş RK. Fugacity-based analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution in Izmit Bay, Turkey: An analytical framework for assessment with limited data. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 182:113990. [PMID: 35939930 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An analytical framework was proposed for analyzing long-term chemical pollution in a coastal region with limited environmental data. The framework consists of compiling and synthesizing the available knowledge including the chemical's properties and the environmentally relevant data, as well as the data obtained by past monitoring studies. The gathered data is analyzed to assess multimedia fate of the pollutant by using fugacity-based intermedia transport calculations. Uncertainty analysis by applying Monte Carlo simulations is an integrated part of the framework. Dispersion factor (k) values were adopted, enabling a unified and intuitive way to define lognormal uncertainty distributions. The proposed framework was applied to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollution in Izmit Bay, a coastal region in Turkey, impacted by industrialization and population growth. The analysis showed the importance of atmospheric pollution as a PAH source and indicated that Izmit Bay sediments may be at steady state for most PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeyye Hasanoglu
- Environmental Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Environmental Engineering, Kocaeli University, 41001 Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Recep Kaya Göktaş
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kocaeli University, 41001 Kocaeli, Turkey
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42
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Şimşek İ, Bilgili A. Investigation of monthly residues of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediment samples from Kirikkale Kizilirmak River Basin. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:683. [PMID: 35978225 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10344-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contain two or more benzene rings and are categorized as general environmentally harmful pollutants. PAHs occur because of various combustion and pyrolysis processes with different environmental and anthropogenic sources. The Kizilirmak River is one of the major important water sources used for drinking water and irrigation purposes in Turkey. There are important industrial facilities around the river and PAH pollution is important in terms of environmental health. This study was carried out to determine the residues of PAHs in water and sediment samples according to month and to identify the pollution sources. Thus, water and sediment samples were collected from five different stations in the Kirikkale basin of the Kizilirmak River every 15 days for a year. In this way, 120 water and 120 sediment samples were collected over a year and analyzed in terms of 16 priority PAHs according to the Environmental Protection Agency. The monthly average of the water and sediment samples was calculated. Analyses were carried out with high-performance liquid chromatography based on solid phase extraction. GC-MS was used for confirmation. Acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, and dibenzo[a,h]anthracene were not found in the water samples. The total PAH levels in water and sediment were detected in the range of 0.04 to 1.545 μg/L and 43.15-386.115 μg/kg, respectively. PAHs found in water and sediment samples had pyrogenic and petrogenic origin and pollution changed significantly between autumn and winter. As a result, precautions should be taken in terms of preventing environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlker Şimşek
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Environmental Health Program, Eldivan Vocational School of Health Services, Cankiri University, 18700, Cankiri, Turkey.
| | - Ali Bilgili
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
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43
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Zhang ZM, Dou WK, Zhang XQ, Sun AL, Chen J, Shi XZ. Organophosphate esters in the mariculture ecosystem: Environmental occurrence and risk assessments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129219. [PMID: 35739741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Most investigations on organophosphate esters (OPEs) are conducted predominantly in a separate biological or abiotic medium, and few joint analyses have been performed in the mariculture ecosystem based on yearly sampling. Herein, we investigated the occurrence, load estimation, phase distribution, source diagnostics, and risks of 20 OPEs in seawater, sediment, and aquaculture organisms from a typical mariculture area in China. The total of these OPEs (∑OPEs) ranged within 3.97-1068 ng/L, 0.39-65.5 ng/g (dw), and 4.09-16.3 ng/g (ww) in seawater, sediment and organisms, respectively. Chlorinated OPEs were the predominant congeners detected in seawater, whereas alkyl-OPEs were the leading contributors in sediment and biological samples. Seasonal variations of ∑OPEs in seawater were more distinct than those in sedimentary environments. Load estimation indicated that approximately 70% of the OPEs in the study area existed in the water bodies. Source identification performed using the U.S. EPA positive matrix factorization indicated that polyurethane foam/plastics and hydraulic oil made the greatest contributions in seawater, whereas chemical production was the predominant source in sediment. Indices of ecological and health risks of OPEs were lower than their risk threshold, indicating that the OPEs detected in this study posed a low risk to the aquatic environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Wen-Ke Dou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qian Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Ai-Li Sun
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Xi-Zhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
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Chen W, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Wang X, Wang L, Xiong J, Qian Z, Xiong S, Zhao R, Liu W, Su Q, Zhou J, Zhou H, Qi S, Jones KC. Distribution, sources and transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in karst spring systems from Western Hubei, Central China. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134502. [PMID: 35395255 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Karst groundwater is an important water resource but it is vulnerable to contaminants, due to the distinctive geological features of abundant transmissive fractures and conduits in the karst area which connect the surface to the underground systems. Anthropogenic activity-derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the surface environment could enter groundwater easily and rapidly and threaten water security in karst areas. Samples in the multimedia environment from 10 specific karst spring systems from Western Hubei of Central China were collected to analyze 16 priority PAHs and to investigate their transport in these karst spring systems. The total concentrations of PAHs in the soil, river water, river sediments, spring water, and spring sediments ranged between 6.04 and 67.7 ng g-1, 4.56 and 11.4 ng L-1, 29.9 and 1041 ng g-1, 4.09 and 222 ng L-1, and 5.88 and 83.0 ng g-1, respectively. Levels of PAHs in this area were relatively low when compared to other karst areas. Proportions of low-molecular-weight (LMW)-PAHs in the water, sediments and soil (average 58.2-78.8%) were much higher than those of high-molecular-weight (HMW)-PAHs. The proportion of LMW-PAHs in the sediments (especially in river sediments) was higher than that in the soil. Characteristic ratio analysis and principal component analysis showed that PAHs were from high-temperature combustion of the mixture of coal and biomass, and vehicle emission, where coal and biomass combustion were the dominant sources. Significant correlations of PAH compositions in different media of karst spring systems were observed, especially in the Yuquangdong (YQD)-Migongquan (MGQ), Jiuzhenziquan (JZZQ), Xianyudong (XYD) and Fengdong (FD) karst spring systems, indicating the rapid PAH transport from the recharge area soil to the discharge area of spring water and sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, and School of Environmental Studies, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Water Science in the Yangtze River Basin, and Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Systematic Water Pollution Control, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China; Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Ecological Environment Monitoring Station, Ninth Division, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tacheng, Xinjiang, 834601, China
| | - Ziqiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, and School of Environmental Studies, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Water Science in the Yangtze River Basin, and Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Systematic Water Pollution Control, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xianzhen Wang
- Geological Exploration Institute of Shandong Zhengyuan, China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Longliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, and School of Environmental Studies, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Water Science in the Yangtze River Basin, and Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Systematic Water Pollution Control, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junwu Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, and School of Environmental Studies, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Water Science in the Yangtze River Basin, and Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Systematic Water Pollution Control, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Zhe Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, and School of Environmental Studies, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Water Science in the Yangtze River Basin, and Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Systematic Water Pollution Control, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Shuai Xiong
- Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ruichao Zhao
- Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Qiuke Su
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- Geological Exploration Institute of Shandong Zhengyuan, China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Weifang, 261021, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shihua Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, and School of Environmental Studies, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Water Science in the Yangtze River Basin, and Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Systematic Water Pollution Control, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Kevin C Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
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Chen J, Zhang H, Xue J, Yuan L, Yao W, Wu H. Study on spatial distribution, potential sources and ecological risk of heavy metals in the surface water and sediments at Shanghai Port, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 181:113923. [PMID: 35843161 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal concentrations in surface waters and sediments of Shanghai port were measured to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics, sources and pollution degrees. The southern Shanghai port was heavily polluted by Cd, Pb, Cr and Cu in water, and the concentrations of Pb, Hg and Zn in sediments exceeded Effects Range Low. Cu, Pb, Cd and Cr in water were positively correlated in group, and they probably derived from industrial and domestic sewage, fossil fuel burning and vehicular pollution and represented 82.47 % of the contribution. Zn, Hg and As contaminations represented industrial and agricultural effluent sources and accounted for the remaining 17.53 %. Heavy metal pollution of Yangshan Port water was at high pollution, and the remaining sites were at low pollution. Most of the sampling sites were at moderate ecological risk in sediments, and the pollution of Cd, Hg and Zn were serious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Chen
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Center for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Center for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Junzeng Xue
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Center for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Center for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Shanghai Coscoshipping industry co.ltd, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Huixian Wu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Center for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Dai Q, Wang Y, Chen L, Li P, Xia S, Huang Q. Contamination of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban source water at the tidal reach of the Yangtze River. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:61222-61235. [PMID: 35438400 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20052-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To explore the occurrence, source, and risk of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban source water at the tidal reach of the Yangtze River, eighty-nine surface water samples were collected in 8 field campaigns from July 2018 to November 2019. Fifteen of 16 PAHs except for dibenz(a,h)anthracene (DBA) were found in the water. Detection frequencies were observed between 53 and 72% for PAHs with 4 rings, while most of other PAHs were less detected, e.g., benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) in 31% of samples. The total concentrations of 16 priority PAHs reached up to 2.8 µg·L-1 and increased during the tidal transitions from flood to ebb. The average concentrations of PAHs in ebb tides were higher than those in flood tides. PAH concentrations and compositions showed great variation with different sampling campaigns, and higher levels and more components were observed in the rainy months and cold months. Those priority PAHs in the tidal water source are mainly from combustion activities (especially fossil fuel combustion), but the contribution from oil spills/leakage is also important in rainy months. High-molecular-weight PAHs in this tidal water source may pose risks to aquatic life, while they pose no carcinogenic risk to human health via ingestion of drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Pan Li
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shengji Xia
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qinghui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Dissolved Phase, Particulate Matter, and Sediment of the Sele River, Southern Italy: A Focus on Distribution, Risk Assessment, and Sources. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10070401. [PMID: 35878306 PMCID: PMC9324633 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10070401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The Sele River, located in the Campania Region (southern Italy), is one of the most important rivers and the second in the region by average water volume, behind the Volturno River. To understand the distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Sele River, water sediment samples were collected from areas around the Sele plain at 10 sites in four seasons. In addition, the ecosystem health risk and the seasonal and spatial distribution of PAHs in samples of water and sediment were assessed. Contaminant discharges of PAHs into the sea were calculated at about 1807.9 kg/year. The concentration ranges of 16 PAHs in surface water (DP), suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediment were 10.1–567.23 ng/L, 121.23–654.36 ng/L, and 331.75–871.96 ng/g, respectively. Isomeric ratio and principal component analyses indicated that the PAH concentrations in the water and sediment near the Sele River were influenced by industrial wastewater and vehicle emissions. The fugacity fraction approach was applied to determine the trends for the water-sediment exchange of 16 priority PAHs; the results indicated that fluxes, for the most part, were from the water into the sediment. The toxic equivalent concentration (TEQ) of carcinogenic PAHs ranged from 137.3 to 292.6 ngTEQ g−1, suggesting that the Sele River basin presents a definite carcinogenic risk.
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Zaghden H, Barhoumi B, Jlaiel L, Guigue C, Chouba L, Touil S, Sayadi S, Tedetti M. Occurrence, origin and potential ecological risk of dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorines in surface waters of the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia, Southern Mediterranean Sea). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 180:113737. [PMID: 35597001 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the occurrence, origin, and potential ecological risk of dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in 27 surface water samples collected from a highly anthropized and industrialized area in the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia, Southern Mediterranean Sea) in October-November 2017. The results demonstrated a wide range of concentrations (ng L-1) with the following decreasing order: Ʃ16 PAHs (17.6-71.2) > Ʃ20 PCBs (2.9-33.7) > Ʃ6 DDTs (1.1-12.1) > Ʃ4 HCHs (1.1-14.8). Selected diagnostic ratios indicated a mixture of both pyrolytic and petrogenic sources of PAHs, with a predominance of petrogenic sources. PCB compositions showed distinct contamination signatures for tetra- to hepta-chlorinated PCBs, characteristic of contamination by commercial (Aroclor) PCB mixtures. The dominant OCP congeners were γ-HCH, 2,4'-DDD and 2,4'-DDE, reflecting past use of Lindane and DDTs in the study area. Agricultural, industrial and domestic activities, as well as atmospheric transport are identified as potential sources of PAHs, PCBs and OCPs in surface waters of the Gulf of Gabès. Toxic equivalents (TEQs) suggested a low carcinogenic potential for PAHs in seawater samples (mean of 0.14 ng TEQ L-1). Evaluation of risk coefficients revealed low risk for PAHs and PCBs, and moderate to severe risk for OCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Zaghden
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, BP 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia; Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Badreddine Barhoumi
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, BP 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia; Laboratory of Hetero-Organic Compounds and Nanostructured Materials (LR18ES11), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
| | - Lobna Jlaiel
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, BP 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Catherine Guigue
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO UM 110, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Lassaad Chouba
- Laboratory of Marine Environment, National Institute of Marine Science and Technology (INSTM), Goulette, Tunisia
| | - Soufiane Touil
- Laboratory of Hetero-Organic Compounds and Nanostructured Materials (LR18ES11), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Biotechnology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Marc Tedetti
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, BP 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia; Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO UM 110, 13288, Marseille, France.
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Li X, Lu Y, Shi Y, Wang P, Cao X, Cui H, Zhang M, Du D. Effects of urbanization on the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in China's estuarine rivers. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 301:119001. [PMID: 35176410 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine rivers are the primary medium for transporting pollutants from human activities to the ocean. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have substantial toxicity and pose a significant risk to ecosystem and human health. However, the influences of urbanization on their distribution, particularly in China where urbanization is occurring rapidly, remain unclear. This study took three coastal economic circles of China as research areas, and investigated PAHs (16 species) in the estuarine river water. 95.9% of the sampling sites demonstrated moderate PAHs pollution and moderate ecological risk. Coal and petroleum combustion was the primary source of PAHs, but the source composition varied among the regions. Air pollution caused by energy emissions, particularly carbon emissions, has a critical and differential effect on PAHs distribution and deposition. With the increasing use of clean energy, PAHs emissions have been gradually reduced, which provides an effective option for PAHs reduction in a rapidly urbanizing coastal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yonglong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361102, China.
| | - Yajuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Xianghui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Haotian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Di Du
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, 10019, China
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Qiao M, Qi W, Liu H, Qu J. Oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface water environment: Occurrence, ecotoxicity, and sources. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 163:107232. [PMID: 35427839 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) have been ubiquitously detected in atmospheric, soil, sediment, and water environments, some of which show higher concentrations and toxicities than the parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The occurrence, source, fate, risks and methods of analysis for OPAHs in the atmosphere, soil, and the whole environment (comprising the atmosphere, soil, water, and biota) have been reviewed, but reviews focusing on OPAHs in the water environment have been lacking. Due to the higher polarity and water solubility of OPAHs than PAHs, OPAHs exist preferentially in water environments. In this review, the occurrence, ecological toxicity and source of OPAHs in surface water environments are investigated in detail. Most OPAHs show higher concentrations than the corresponding PAHs in surface water environments. OPAHs pose non-ignorable ecological risks to surface water ecosystems. Wastewater treatment plant effluent, atmospheric deposition, surface runoff, photochemical and microbiological transformation, and sediment release are possible sources for OPAHs in surface water. This review will fill important knowledge gaps on the migration and transformation of typical OPAHs in multiple media and their environmental impact on surface water environments. Further studies on OPAHs in the surface environment, including their ecotoxicity with the co-existing PAHs and mass flows of OPAHs from atmospheric deposition, surface runoff, transformation from PAHs, and sediment release, are also encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Weixiao Qi
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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