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Liu M, Zhao L, Lin L, Zhang Y, Huang H, Deng W, He Y, Tao J, Hu Y, Nan L, Zhu YX. Distribution characteristics, sources and risk assessment of heavy metals in the surface sediments from the largest tributary of the Lancang River in the Tibet Plateau, China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:414. [PMID: 39230752 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Angqu, positioned in the eastern expanse of the Tibet Plateau, claims the title of the largest tributary to the Lancang River. In October and December of 2018, in the sediment of Angqu, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on nine heavy metals-arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni). This investigation aimed to scrutinize the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of these metals, assess the pollution status and ecological risks associated with the sediments, and delve into the sources contributing to their presence. The research results indicate that the average concentrations of As, Hg, and Cd in Angqu sediments exceed the soil background values of Tibet, while the concentrations of other heavy metals are below the soil background values of Tibet. Notably, arsenic poses potential ecological risks. In Angqu sediments, the concentrations of Mn, Cu, Ni, and Pb are generally higher in the wet season, but the seasonal variations of heavy metals in Angqu sediments are not significant. The sediments in the Angqu Basin are predominantly affected by mercury Hg, Cd, and As, with varying degrees of pollution at different sampling points. In the main stream of Angqu (City section), Hg pollution has reached above a moderate level, whereas As pollution near the tributary is only slightly polluted. The analysis of heavy metal sources reveals that there are five primary contributors to heavy metals in surface sediments of Angqu: parent material, agricultural activities, groundwater, atmospheric deposition, and other unidentified sources. Mn, Cr, Pb, and Ni are mainly derived from soil parent material, accounting for more than 50%. About 60.82% of As comes primarily from groundwater. Zn and Cd are mainly sourced from agricultural activities, accounting for 41.25% and 34.33%, respectively. Additionally, 20.6% of Hg originates from atmospheric deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of River and Basin Water Researchources and Ecoenvironental Sciences, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Changjiang River Scientifific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- Chang Jiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co. Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Liangyuan Zhao
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of River and Basin Water Researchources and Ecoenvironental Sciences, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China.
- Changjiang River Scientifific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China.
- Innovation Team for Basin Water Environmental Protection and Governance of Changjiang Water Researchources Commission, Wuhan, 430010, China.
- Chang Jiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co. Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, China.
| | - Li Lin
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of River and Basin Water Researchources and Ecoenvironental Sciences, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Changjiang River Scientifific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Innovation Team for Basin Water Environmental Protection and Governance of Changjiang Water Researchources Commission, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Chang Jiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co. Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of River and Basin Water Researchources and Ecoenvironental Sciences, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Changjiang River Scientifific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Chang Jiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co. Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Huawei Huang
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of River and Basin Water Researchources and Ecoenvironental Sciences, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Changjiang River Scientifific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Chang Jiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co. Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of River and Basin Water Researchources and Ecoenvironental Sciences, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Changjiang River Scientifific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Chang Jiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co. Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Yunjiao He
- Innovation Team for Basin Water Environmental Protection and Governance of Changjiang Water Researchources Commission, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Chang Jiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co. Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Jingxiang Tao
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of River and Basin Water Researchources and Ecoenvironental Sciences, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Changjiang River Scientifific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Chang Jiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co. Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of River and Basin Water Researchources and Ecoenvironental Sciences, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Changjiang River Scientifific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Chang Jiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co. Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Luyi Nan
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of River and Basin Water Researchources and Ecoenvironental Sciences, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Changjiang River Scientifific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Chang Jiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co. Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Yu Xuan Zhu
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of River and Basin Water Researchources and Ecoenvironental Sciences, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Changjiang River Scientifific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
- Chang Jiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co. Ltd, Wuhan, 430010, China
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Kim JG, Sarrouf S, Ehsan MF, Alshawabkeh AN, Baek K. In-situ groundwater remediation of contaminant mixture of As(III), Cr(VI), and sulfanilamide via electrochemical degradation/transformation using pyrite. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134648. [PMID: 38781853 PMCID: PMC11166511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) are effective in removing persistent contaminants from groundwater. However, their practical applicability depends significantly on various site-specific characteristics. Therefore, the primary objective of this investigation was to study the feasibility of EAOPs and pyrite, which is a sulfide mineral, to effectively remove the mixture of arsenic (As (III)), chromium (Cr (VI)), and sulfanilamide in groundwater. We conducted a comparison of three systems: (1) EAOP alone, (2) pyrite alone, and (3) a combined EAOP and pyrite system. In EAOP alone, sulfanilamide was effectively oxidized (80%), while the electrochemical transformation of As(III)/Cr(VI) into As(V)/Cr(III) was limited. In just the pyrite system, As(III), Cr(VI), and sulfanilamide were adsorbed onto the surface of pyrite (60%, 20%, and 18%). Neither the EAOP nor the pyrite system alone could effectively treat the contaminants mixture. Nonetheless, the combined system completely removed As(III), Cr(VI), and sulfanilamide by the synergistic reaction. This could be attributed to the formation of green rust, a natural adsorbent mineral produced as a reaction of dissolved iron, generated via electrochemical pyrite oxidation, with the groundwater electrolyte (e.g., CO3 or SO4). This system harmonized the combined approach of EAOP and pyrite to effectively eliminate both organic and inorganic contaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: A paper proposed electrochemical oxidation (EO) with pyrite to remove both organic and inorganic contaminants from groundwater. The removal performance of the combined system was evaluated, and the synergistic mechanism was revealed. The combination of EO and pyrite with synergistic removal effectively removed the mixture of both contaminants. This could be attributed by the formation of green-rust by electrochemical activation for pyrite. Compared to the single system of EO and pyrite alone, the combined system with EO and pyrite improved removal performance. Results suggested that the combined system could be used for green groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Gook Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston 02115, MA, USA; Department of Environment & Energy and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, the Republic of Korea
| | - Stephanie Sarrouf
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| | - Muhammad Fahad Ehsan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| | - Akram N Alshawabkeh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| | - Kitae Baek
- Department of Environment & Energy and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, the Republic of Korea; Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, the Republic of Korea.
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3
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Park J, Lee D, Kim H, Woo NC. Effects of water-table changes following rainfall events on arsenic fate and transport in groundwater-surface water mixing zones. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:173200. [PMID: 38750763 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of groundwater-surface water (GW-SW) interactions on the fate and transport of arsenic (As) following rainfall events and subsequent water-table changes in GW-SW mixing zones, comprising the riparian and hyporheic zones, near an abandoned gold mine. During the dry and wet periods, stream conditions changed from flow-through to gaining, respectively. Water-table changes caused by rainfall events controlled flow paths between riparian zones and the stream, affecting spatiotemporal variation in the redox and pH conditions of the aquatic environment. Subsequently, the fate and transport of As in GW-SW mixing zones was responsive to variations in redox and pH conditions. Through the oxidative dissolution of As-bearing sulfide minerals and the reductive dissolution of iron (Fe) oxides with adsorbed As, As was released into the groundwater in the riparian zones and transported to the stream and streambed along the baseflow discharge. However, As was also immobilized in the sediment through adsorption onto Fe-oxides and coprecipitation with calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn), suggesting that the sediment acts as a sink-and-source of As in aquatic environments. Therefore, water-table changes and GW-SW interactions could play an important role in the fate and transport of As in aquatic environments, specifically groundwater-riparian-streambed-stream systems. The findings of this study will provide scientific insights into the mechanisms of As in aquatic environments, aiding in improved decision-making to ensure safe and sustainable water management in response to future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghoon Park
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Institute for Future Earth, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyeop Lee
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Kim
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam C Woo
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Vergara-Sáez C, Prommer H, Siade AJ, Sun J, Higginson S. Process-Based and Probabilistic Quantification of Co and Ni Mobilization Risks Induced by Managed Aquifer Recharge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:7567-7576. [PMID: 38624010 PMCID: PMC11064215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is an increasingly used water management technique that enhances water availability while commonly generating water quality benefits. However, MAR activities may also trigger adverse geochemical reactions, especially during the injection of oxidant-enriched waters into reducing aquifers. Where this occurs, the environmental risks and the viability of mitigating them must be well understood. Here, we develop a rigorous approach for assessing and managing the risks from MAR-induced metal mobilization. First, we develop a process-based reactive transport model to identify and quantify the main hydrogeochemical drivers that control the release of metals and their mobility. We then apply a probabilistic framework to interrogate the inherent uncertainty associated with adjustable model parameters and consider this uncertainty (i) in long-term predictions of groundwater quality changes and (ii) in scenarios that investigate the effectiveness of modifications in the water treatment process to mitigate metal release and mobility. The results suggested that Co, Ni, Zn, and Mn were comobilized during pyrite oxidation and that metal mobility was controlled (i) by the sediment pH buffering capacity and (ii) by the sorption capacity of the native aquifer sediments. Both tested mitigation strategies were shown to be effective at reducing the risk of elevated metal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Vergara-Sáez
- School
of Earth Sciences, University of Western
Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- CSIRO
Environment, Private
Bag No. 5, Wembley, Western
Australia 6913, Australia
| | - Henning Prommer
- School
of Earth Sciences, University of Western
Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- CSIRO
Environment, Private
Bag No. 5, Wembley, Western
Australia 6913, Australia
| | - Adam J. Siade
- School
of Earth Sciences, University of Western
Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- CSIRO
Environment, Private
Bag No. 5, Wembley, Western
Australia 6913, Australia
| | - Jing Sun
- School
of Earth Sciences, University of Western
Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- CSIRO
Environment, Private
Bag No. 5, Wembley, Western
Australia 6913, Australia
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Simon Higginson
- Water
Corporation of Western Australia, Leederville, Western Australia 6007, Australia
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de Souza Viana LM, Pestana IA, Tostes ECL, Constantino WD, Luze FHR, de Barros Salomão MSM, de Jesus TB, de Carvalho CEV. Understanding seasonal variations in As and Pb river fluxes and their regulatory mechanisms through monitoring data. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:333. [PMID: 38430282 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12469-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The Doce River Basin (DRB) suffers with the adverse impacts of mining activities, due to its high level of urbanization and numerous industrial operations. In this study, we present novel insights into contaminant flow dynamics, seasonal variations, and the primary factors driving concentration levels within the region. We conducted an extensive analysis using a database sourced from the literature, which contained data on the contamination of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) in the Doce River. Our primary aim was to investigate the patterns of As and Pb flow throughout the entire basin, their response to seasonal fluctuations, and the key parameters influencing their concentration levels. The results showed significant seasonal fluctuations in As and Pb fluxes, peaking during the rainy season. The 2015 Fundão dam breach in the DRB led to notable changes, elevating elemental concentrations, particularly As and Pb, which were subsequently transported to the Atlantic Ocean. These increased concentrations were primarily associated with iron and manganese oxides, hydroxides, and sulfates, rather than precipitation, as evidenced by regressions with low R2 values for both As (R2 = 0.07) and Pb (R2 < 0.001), concerning precipitation. The PCA analysis further supports the connection between these elements and the oxides and hydroxides of Fe and Mn. The approach employed in this study has proven to be highly effective in comprehending biogeochemical phenomena by leveraging data from the literature and could be a model for optimizing resources by capitalizing on existing information to provide valuable insights for drainage basin management, particularly during crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Maria de Souza Viana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Inácio Abreu Pestana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eloá Corrêa Lessa Tostes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wendel Dias Constantino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe Henrique Rossi Luze
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos Sarmet Moreira de Barros Salomão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Taíse Bomfim de Jesus
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Veiga de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Zhang Y, Xie X, Sun S, Wang Y. Arsenic transformation and redistribution in groundwater induced by the complex geochemical cycling of iron and sulfur. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 894:164941. [PMID: 37343891 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Iron (hydr)oxides are effective sorbents of arsenic that undergo reductive dissolution when exposed to dissolved sulfide, which significantly impacts the movement and repartition of arsenic in groundwater. This study investigated the sulfidation of As-bearing ferrihydrite and its consequences on arsenic repartitioning as well as formation and transformation of secondary minerals induced by sulfide in batch experiments. The sulfidation of As(III) and As(V) adsorbed on ferrihydrite shows very different results. In the As(V) system, sulfidation resulted in the production of significant amounts of elemental sulfur (S0) and Fe2+, and Fe2+ and sulfide combine to form mackinawite. Subsequently, Fe2+ adsorbed and catalyzed the conversion of residual ferrihydrite to lepidocrocite. However, in the As(III) system, As(III) was protonated in the presence of sulfide to produce thioarsenate, which accounted for 87.9 % of the total aqueous arsenic concentration. The formation of thioarsenate also consumed the S0 produced by the sulfidation, resulting in no detectable S0 during solid phase characterization. The adsorption of thioarsenate on iron minerals notably affected the surface charge density of ferrihydrite, hindering the further formation of secondary minerals. Studies on the influence of thiolation on As-Fe-S system are of great significance for understanding the migration and redistribution of arsenic in groundwater systems under sulfur-rich conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 430074 Wuhan, China.
| | - Shutang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 430074 Wuhan, China
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Wang S, Liao P, Cen L, Cheng H, Liu Q. Biochar Promotes Arsenopyrite Weathering in Simulated Alkaline Soils: Electrochemical Mechanism and Environmental Implications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37224024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation dissolution of arsenopyrite (FeAsS) is one of the important sources of arsenic contamination in soil and groundwater. Biochar, a commonly used soil amendment and environmental remediation agent, is widespread in ecosystems, where it participates in and influences the redox-active geochemical processes of sulfide minerals associated with arsenic and iron. This study investigated the critical role of biochar on the oxidation process of arsenopyrite in simulated alkaline soil solutions by a combination of electrochemical techniques, immersion tests, and solid characterizations. Polarization curves indicated that the elevated temperature (5-45 °C) and biochar concentration (0-1.2 g·L-1) accelerated arsenopyrite oxidation. This is further confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, which showed that biochar substantially reduced the charge transfer resistance in the double layer, resulting in smaller activation energy (Ea = 37.38-29.56 kJ·mol-1) and activation enthalpy (ΔH* = 34.91-27.09 kJ·mol-1). These observations are likely attributed to the abundance of aromatic and quinoid groups in biochar, which could reduce Fe(III) and As(V) as well as adsorb or complex with Fe(III). This hinders the formation of passivation films consisting of iron arsenate and iron (oxyhydr)oxide. Further observation found that the presence of biochar exacerbates acidic drainage and arsenic contamination in areas containing arsenopyrite. This study highlighted the possible negative impact of biochar on soil and water, suggesting that the different physicochemical properties of biochar produced from different feedstock and under different pyrolysis conditions should be taken into account before large-scale applications to prevent potential risks to ecology and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Peng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Ling Cen
- Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Qingyou Liu
- Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
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8
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Lee KS, Suh GY, Chung DY. Arsenic Release from Various Sizes of Excavated Crushed Rock Mixed with Soil at Various Ratios under Three Mass Water Contents for Cropland. TOXICS 2023; 11:267. [PMID: 36977032 PMCID: PMC10056356 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the feasibility of treating arsenopyrite-containing excavated crushed rock (ECR) in cropland by examining the amounts of arsenic released from various sizes of ECR mixed with soils at different ratios under three water levels using a batch incubation experiment. A total of 4 particle sizes of ECR were mixed with soil from 0% to 100% in 25% increments under three mass water contents such as 15%, 27%, and saturation. The results showed that the amount of As released from ECR mixed with soil was in the order of 27% saturation and 15% for 180 days regardless of the ECR:soil ratios, and the increase in the amount of As released before 90 days was slightly greater than that after 90 days. The maximum and minimum contents of released As were observed at 350.3 mg·kg-1 (ECR:Soil = 100:0, ECR size = 0.0-0.053 mm, and Ɵm = 32.2%), indicating that the smaller the ECR particle size resulted in a higher extractable As concentration. The amount of As released was higher than the relevant standard (25 mg·kg-1), except for ECR with a mixing ratio (25:75) and particle size (4.75-10.0 mm). In conclusion, we assumed that the amount of As released from ECR was influenced by the higher surface area of smaller ECR particle sizes and mass water content, which determine the porosity of the soil. However, further studies are needed on the transport and adsorption of released As depending on the physical and hydrological properties of the soil to determine the size and incorporation rate of ECR into the soil in view of the government standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyo-Suk Lee
- Institute of Agriculture Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Yong Suh
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Doug-Young Chung
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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Zhou X, Zhang ZF, Bao CJ, Chen MJ, Pan G, Wan R, Wang JS, Liu Y, Yang H. Impact of H 2O on the Microscopic Oxidation Mechanism of Lollingite: Experimental and Theoretical Analyses. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:1019-1033. [PMID: 36629142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lollingite (FeAs2) is considered an arsenic-bearing mineral that is oxidized faster than arsenopyrite. The geometric configuration, chemical valence bond, and microscopic reaction of the oxidation on the surface of lollingite were systematically studied, which are of great significance for understanding the mechanism of oxidative dissolution. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to characterize the (101) surface oxidation process of lollingite under the O2/O2 + H2O conditions. XPS results confirmed that the participation of water molecules can promote the formation of abundant OH structures on the surface of lollingite, while the relative concentration of O, As(III), and Fe(III) increased. Moreover, the DFT results demonstrated that the (101) As-terminal plane of FeAs2 was the most stable surface with the lowest surface energy. H2O molecules were physically adsorbed onto the Fe atoms of the lollingite surface, while oxygen molecules can readily be adsorbed on the Fe-As2 site by chemical adsorption processes. The oxidation process of the lollingite surface with water includes the following mechanisms: adsorption, dissociation, formation of the hydrogen bond, and desorption. The dissociation of the H2O molecule into OH and H led to the hydroxylation of both Fe and As atoms and the formation of hydrogen bonding. The participation of H2O molecules can also reduce the reaction energy barrier and accelerate the oxidation reaction of the lollingite surface, especially as far as the water dissociation and formation of hydrogen bonds are concerned. According to PDOS data, there is considerable hybridization between the d orbitals of bonded Fe atoms and the p orbitals of O atoms, as well as between the p orbitals of bonded As atoms and the p orbitals of O atoms. Due to a strong propensity for orbital hybridization and bonding between the s orbitals of the H atoms in H2O molecules and the p orbitals of the O atoms on the (101) surface, water molecules have the ability to speed up the oxidation on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhou
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
- Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Company Limited, Kunming650031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming650093, China
| | - Zheng-Fu Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
| | - Chong-Jun Bao
- Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Company Limited, Kunming650031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming650093, China
| | - Man-Jiao Chen
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
| | - Gechuanqi Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Guandong523808, China
| | - Rundong Wan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
| | - Jin-Song Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
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10
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Varner TS, Kulkarni HV, Nguyen W, Kwak K, Cardenas MB, Knappett PSK, Ojeda AS, Malina N, Bhuiyan MU, Ahmed KM, Datta S. Contribution of sedimentary organic matter to arsenic mobilization along a potential natural reactive barrier (NRB) near a river: The Meghna river, Bangladesh. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136289. [PMID: 36058378 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Elevated dissolved arsenic (As) concentrations in the shallow aquifers of Bangladesh are primarily caused by microbially-mediated reduction of As-bearing iron (Fe) (oxy)hydroxides in organic matter (OM) rich, reducing environments. Along the Meghna River in Bangladesh, interactions between the river and groundwater within the hyporheic zone cause fluctuating redox conditions responsible for the formation of a Fe-rich natural reactive barrier (NRB) capable of sequestering As. To understand the NRB's impact on As mobility, the geochemistry of riverbank sediment (<3 m depth) and the underlying aquifer sediment (up to 37 m depth) was analyzed. A 24-hr sediment-water extraction experiment was performed to simulate interactions of these sediments with oxic river water. The sediment and the sediment-water extracts were analyzed for inorganic and organic chemical parameters. Results revealed no differences between the elemental composition of riverbank and aquifer sediments, which contained 40 ± 12 g/kg of Fe and 7 ± 2 mg/kg of As, respectively. Yet the amounts of inorganic and organic constituents extracted were substantially different between riverbank and aquifer sediments. The water extracted 6.4 ± 16.1 mg/kg of Fe and 0.03 ± 0.02 mg/kg of As from riverbank sediments, compared to 154.0 ± 98.1 mg/kg of Fe and 0.55 ± 0.40 mg/kg of As from aquifer sediments. The riverbank and aquifer sands contained similar amounts of sedimentary organic matter (SOM) (17,705.2 ± 5157.6 mg/kg). However, the water-extractable fraction of SOM varied substantially, i.e., 67.4 ± 72.3 mg/kg in riverbank sands, and 1330.3 ± 226.6 mg/kg in aquifer sands. Detailed characterization showed that the riverbank SOM was protein-like, fresh, low molecular weight, and labile, whereas SOM in aquifer sands was humic-like, older, high molecular weight, and recalcitrant. During the dry season, oxic conditions in the riverbank may promote aerobic metabolisms, limiting As mobility within the NRB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Varner
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA.
| | - Harshad V Kulkarni
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA.
| | - William Nguyen
- Department of Geological Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Kyungwon Kwak
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - M Bayani Cardenas
- Department of Geological Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Peter S K Knappett
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ann S Ojeda
- Department of Geosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Natalia Malina
- Department of Geosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | | | - Kazi M Ahmed
- Department Geology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Saugata Datta
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA.
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11
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Yang H, Zhou X, Wang JS, Liu DW. Simultaneous stabilization/solidification of arsenic in acidic wastewater and tin mine tailings with synthetic multiple solid waste base geopolymer. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 320:115783. [PMID: 35940009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Stabilization/Solidification (S/S) is considered as a feasible technology for the treatment of arsenic (As) in acidic wastewater (AW) and tin mine tailings (TMTs); however, high cost, high carbon footprint, and strict reaction conditions are the main limitations. Herein, a novel alkali-activated geopolymer material (AAGM) for S/S As was synthesized by combining AW, TMT, gypsum (GP), and metakaolin (MK). At room temperature, an initial As concentration of 3914 mg/L, a NaOH content of 4.98%, and an MK content of 20% decreased the As leaching concentration to 1.55 mg/L (<5 mg/L). The main S/S mechanisms of As included physical encapsulation of C-(A)-S-H and geopolymer structures, ion exchange of ettringite, and formation of Fe-As and Ca-As precipitates. Further studies showed that increasing initial As concentration and MK content facilitated the formation of Ca-As precipitates and C-(A)-S-H gels. The semi-dynamic leaching tests revealed that the leaching mechanism of As was surface wash-off. The effective diffusion coefficients of the samples were less than 10-13 cm2/s, and the respective leachability indexes were greater than 9, indicating that AAGM was effective in preventing the leaching of As. Therefore, this study provides a green and low cost solution for the synergistic utilization of AW, TMT, GP, and MK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Xian Zhou
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Co. LTD, Kunming, 650031, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Jin-Song Wang
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Dian-Wen Liu
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
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12
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Li C, Bundschuh J, Gao X, Li Y, Zhang X, Luo W, Pan Z. Occurrence and behavior of arsenic in groundwater-aquifer system of irrigated areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155991. [PMID: 35588806 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater arsenic pollution has received much attention worldwide for decades as a serious threat to public health, but the mechanisms responsible for arsenic mobilization are not fully understood. Groundwater and bore drilling sediment samples from Qiji county, a small geographical agricultural area with endemic arsenicosis, are collected for demonstrating the occurrence and speciation of arsenic in groundwater and sediments, and arsenic release between solid-liquid phase influenced by human activities. Results show that arsenic concentrations in groundwater vary from 5 μg/L to 19.6 μg/L, with 80% exceeding the maximum permissible limits required by WHO (10 μg/L) for drinking water and therefore constituting a health risk for humans. In a weak oxidizing environment (oxidation-reduction potential (ORP): 12.9 mV-151 mV), inorganic As(V) accounts for 85% of total dissolved As, which to some extent alleviates the harm of As pollution on humans. Total As content in the sediments is in the range of 6.98 mg/kg and 14.34 mg/kg (median of 10.71 mg/kg), three times higher than the average value of many countries. Sequential chemical leaching indicates that 11% of arsenic in sediments is labile bound and may be closely related to the arsenic in groundwater. Additionally, irrigation intensity contributes to arsenic release with diverse As3+/As5+ by dissolving weakly bound arsenic rapidly. Subsequently part of As(III) is oxidized to As(V). Competitive and/or alkaline desorption of As(V), which had been adsorbed by FeMn (hydrous)-oxides and carbonates in the unsaturated zone and the aquifer, exerts a significant role in releasing arsenic into the groundwater. Our study indicates that systematic management and regulation of irrigation intensity are required to prevent further deterioration of groundwater resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China; School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xubo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhendong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China
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13
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Keltie E, Hood KM, Cui Y, Sweeney E, Ilie G, Adisesh A, Dummer T, Bharti V, Kim JS. Arsenic Speciation and Metallomics Profiling of Human Toenails as a Biomarker to Assess Prostate Cancer Cases: Atlantic PATH Cohort Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:818069. [PMID: 35875010 PMCID: PMC9301242 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.818069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic and trace metals has been linked to prostate cancer, and altered arsenic methylation capacity may have an important role in arsenic carcinogenesis. Biomarkers may be able to elucidate this role. Our objectives were to characterize profiles of arsenic species and metallome in toenails and urine samples, compare profiles between prostate cancer cases and controls, and determine the discriminant ability of toenail and urine biomarkers. Toenail samples (n = 576), urine samples (n = 152), and questionnaire data were sourced from the Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (PATH) cohort study. Healthy controls were matched to prostate cancer cases (3:1 ratio) on sex, age, smoking status, and the province of residence. Metallome profiles and proportions of arsenic species were measured in toenail and urine samples. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the mean percent monomethylarsonic acid (%MMA), dimethylarsonic acid (%DMA), inorganic arsenic (%iAs), primary methylation index (PMI, MMA/iAs), and secondary methylation index (SMI, DMA/MMA). Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to compare selected metal concentrations. Mean %MMA was significantly lower and SMI was significantly higher in toenails from prostate cancer cases compared to controls in unadjusted and adjusted models. Proportions of arsenic species were correlated with total arsenic in toenails. Arsenic speciation in urine was not different between cases and controls, nor were metallome profiles in toenails and urine. Our results indicate that toenails are a viable biomarker for altered arsenic speciation in prostate cancer cases and may have greater utility than urine in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Keltie
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,Health and Environments Research Centre (HERC) Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Kalli M. Hood
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,Health and Environments Research Centre (HERC) Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Yunsong Cui
- Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (PATH), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ellen Sweeney
- Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (PATH), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Gabriela Ilie
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Anil Adisesh
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Medicine, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Trevor Dummer
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Veni Bharti
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,Health and Environments Research Centre (HERC) Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jong Sung Kim
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,Health and Environments Research Centre (HERC) Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada,*Correspondence: Jong Sung Kim
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14
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Stolze L, Battistel M, Rolle M. Oxidative Dissolution of Arsenic-Bearing Sulfide Minerals in Groundwater: Impact of Hydrochemical and Hydrodynamic Conditions on Arsenic Release and Surface Evolution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:5049-5061. [PMID: 35377625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The dissolution of sulfide minerals can lead to hazardous arsenic levels in groundwater. This study investigates the oxidative dissolution of natural As-bearing sulfide minerals and the related release of arsenic under flow-through conditions. Column experiments were performed using reactive As-bearing sulfide minerals (arsenopyrite and löllingite) embedded in a sandy matrix and injecting oxic solutions into the initially anoxic porous media to trigger the mineral dissolution. Noninvasive oxygen measurements, analyses of ionic species at the outlet, and scanning electron microscopy allowed tracking the propagation of the oxidative dissolution fronts, the mineral dissolution progress, and the change in mineral surface composition. Process-based reactive transport simulations were performed to quantitatively interpret the geochemical processes. The experimental and modeling outcomes show that pore-water acidity exerts a key control on the dissolution of sulfide minerals and arsenic release since it determines the precipitation of secondary mineral phases causing the sequestration of arsenic and the passivation of the reactive mineral surfaces. The impact of surface passivation strongly depends on the flow velocity and on the spatial distribution of the reactive minerals. These results highlight the fundamental interplay of reactive mineral distribution and hydrochemical and hydrodynamic conditions on the mobilization of arsenic from sulfide minerals in flow-through systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Stolze
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Maria Battistel
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Massimo Rolle
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
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15
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Stolze L, Rolle M. Surface complexation reactions in sandy porous media: Effects of incomplete mixing and mass-transfer limitations in flow-through systems. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2022; 246:103965. [PMID: 35168032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2022.103965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although mixing and surface complexation reactions are key processes for solute transport in porous media, their coupling has not been extensively investigated. In this work, we study the impact of mass-transfer limitations on heterogeneous reactions taking place at the solid-solution interface of a natural sandy porous medium under advection-dominated flow-through conditions. A comprehensive set of 36 column experiments with different grain sizes (0.64, 1.3 and 2.3 mm), seepage velocities (1, 30 and 90 m/day), and hydrochemical conditions were performed. The injection of NaBr solutions of different concentrations (1-100 mM) led to the release of protons via deprotonation reactions of the quartz surface. pH and solute concentration breakthrough curves were measured at the outlet of the columns and the propagation of pH fronts in the column setups was tracked inside the porous medium with non-invasive optode sensors. The experimental results show that the deprotonation of the reactive surfaces, resulting from their interactions with the injected ionic species, strongly depends on the hydrodynamic conditions and differs among the tested porous media despite their apparent similar surface properties. Reactive transport modeling was used to quantitatively interpret the experimental results and to analyze the effects of mass-transfer limited physical processes on surface complexation reactions, propagation of pH fronts, transport of major ions and spatio-temporal evolution of surface composition. A dual domain mass transfer formulation (DDMT) combined with a surface complexation model (SCM) allowed capturing the effects of incomplete mixing on the surface reactions and to reproduce the experimental observations collected in the experiments with high flow velocities. The SCM was parameterized with a single set of surface complexation parameters, accounting for the similar surface properties of the porous media, and was capable of describing the surface complexation mechanisms and their impact on the hydrochemistry over the large range of tested ionic strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Stolze
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Massimo Rolle
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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16
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Zhou YH, Wang C, Liu HC, Xue Z, Nie ZY, Liu Y, Wan JL, Yang Y, Shu WS, Xia JL. Correlation Between Fe/S/As Speciation Transformation and Depth Distribution of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidiphilium acidophilum in Simulated Acidic Water Column. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:819804. [PMID: 35222314 PMCID: PMC8863614 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.819804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that speciation transformations of As(III) vs. As(V) in acid mine drainage (AMD) are mainly driven by microbially mediated redox reactions of Fe and S. However, these processes are rarely investigated. In this study, columns containing mine water were inoculated with two typical acidophilic Fe/S-oxidizing/reducing bacteria [the chemoautotrophic Acidithiobacillus (At.) ferrooxidans and the heterotrophic Acidiphilium (Aph.) acidophilum], and three typical energy substrates (Fe2+, S0, and glucose) and two concentrations of As(III) (2.0 and 4.5 mM) were added. The correlation between Fe/S/As speciation transformation and bacterial depth distribution at three different depths, i.e., 15, 55, and 105 cm from the top of the columns, was comparatively investigated. The results show that the cell growth at the top and in the middle of the columns was much more significantly inhibited by the additions of As(III) than at the bottom, where the cell growth was promoted even on days 24–44. At. ferrooxidans dominated over Aph. acidophilum in most samples collected from the three depths, but the elevated proportions of Aph. acidophilum were observed in the top and bottom column samples when 4.5 mM As(III) was added. Fe2+ bio-oxidation and Fe3+ reduction coupled to As(III) oxidation occurred for all three column depths. At the column top surfaces, jarosites were formed, and the addition of As(III) could lead to the formation of the amorphous FeAsO4⋅2H2O. Furthermore, the higher As(III) concentration could inhibit Fe2+ bio-oxidation and the formation of FeAsO4⋅2H2O and jarosites. S oxidation coupled to Fe3+ reduction occurred at the bottom of the columns, with the formations of FeAsO4⋅2H2O precipitate and S intermediates. The formed FeAsO4⋅2H2O and jarosites at the top and bottom of the columns could adsorb to and coprecipitate with As(III) and As(V), resulting in the transfer of As from solution to solid phases, thus further affecting As speciation transformation. The distribution difference of Fe/S energy substrates could apparently affect Fe/S/As speciation transformation and bacterial depth distribution between the top and bottom of the water columns. These findings are valuable for elucidating As fate and toxicity mediated by microbially driven Fe/S redox in AMD environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hang Zhou
- Key Lab of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education of China, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Wang
- Key Lab of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education of China, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Chang Liu
- Key Lab of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education of China, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Xue
- Key Lab of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education of China, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen-Yuan Nie
- Key Lab of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education of China, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Lab of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education of China, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiao-Li Wan
- Key Lab of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education of China, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Key Lab of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education of China, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Sheng Shu
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Lan Xia
- Key Lab of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education of China, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
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17
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Xu S, Dai S, Shen Y, Yu T, Zhang H, Cao H, Zheng G. Speciation characterization of arsenic-bearing phase in arsenic sulfide sludge and the sequential leaching mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127035. [PMID: 34474362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic sulfide sludge (ASS) is a kind of deleterious waste which contains various valuable metallic elements, such as Re and Pb, which are always associated with arsenic-bearing phases in ASS. The leaching speed and efficiency of valuable elements may depend on the phase constitution. Here, we proposed a sequential leaching method to thoroughly understand the constitution of arsenic-bearing phase and the distribution of valuable elements in ASS. The results show that five major arsenic-bearing phases exist in ASS: amorphous As2S3, crystalline As4S4, As2O3, and As atoms dissolved into the lattice of PbS and PbSO4 phases. Re is mainly distributed in As2S3 and As4S4 phases. During the leaching process, the dissolution of As2O3 particles and As2O3 layers on the surface of As2S3/As4S4 particles occurs first. Then, the reaction between As2S3/As4S4 particles and copper sulfate happens. The order of leaching sequence is As2O3, amorphous As2S3 and crystalline As4S4. The majority of Re element exists in the solution while almost all Pb element remains in the solid residues, which is beneficial for the separation and purification valuable elements individually. This work not only detailed determines the arsenic-bearing species, but also provides significant theoretical bases for extracting valuable elements from ASS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghang Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Siqin Dai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yukun Shen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Tanna Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Huibin Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Huazhen Cao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Guoqu Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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18
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Zhou X, Zhang ZF, Yang H, Bao CJ, Wang JS, Sun YH, Liu DW, Shen PL, Su C. Red mud-metakaolin based cementitious material for remediation of arsenic pollution: Stabilization mechanism and leaching behavior of arsenic in lollingite. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113715. [PMID: 34649326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The proper treatment of lollingite is of great significance due to its rapid oxidation leading to release of arsenic into the environment. Herein, a green multi-solid waste geopolymer, consisting of red mud, metakaolin, blast furnace slag, and flue gas desulfurization gypsum, was developed. The obtained red mud-metakaolin-based (RMM) geopolymer demonstrated good arsenic retention capability. The results showed that the replacement of SO42- in ettringite with AsO42- via ion exchange, formation of Ca-As and Fe-As precipitates, and physical encapsulation with aluminosilicate gel were the main mechanisms that prevented the release of arsenic. Further dissolution of ettringite in RMM was alleviated by adding a suitable amount of Ca(OH)2 and controlling the pH of the leachate. TCLP results verified that RMM materials possessed an outstanding ability to stabilize arsenic, with a leaching rate below the permitted value of 5 mg/L for safe disposal. The low leachability of the RMM geopolymers (<0.50 mg/L) is potentially related to the pH buffering capacity of the hydration products at a pH range of 2-5. RMM geopolymers showed a high compressive strength (>15 MPa) and low arsenic leaching concentration (<2.66 mg/L) after 28 days of curing. These results demonstrate the potential of RMM geopolymers to be utilized as an environmentally friendly backfilling cementitious material for sustainable remediation of arsenic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhou
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China; Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Co. LTD, Kunming, 650031, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Zheng-Fu Zhang
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China.
| | - Hui Yang
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Chong-Jun Bao
- Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Co. LTD, Kunming, 650031, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Jing-Song Wang
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Yan-Hua Sun
- Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Co. LTD, Kunming, 650031, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Dian-Wen Liu
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Pei-Lun Shen
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Chen Su
- Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, 116028, China
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19
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Probability of Non-Exceedance of Arsenic Concentration in Groundwater Estimated Using Stochastic Multicomponent Reactive Transport Modeling. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13213086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stochastic multicomponent reactive transport modeling is a powerful approach to quantify the probability of non-exceedance (PNE) of arsenic (As) critical concentration thresholds in groundwater. The approach is applied to a well-characterized shallow alluvial aquifer near Venice, Italy. Here, As mobility depends primarily on rainfall-controlled redox-dependent precipitation-dissolution of iron hydroxides. A Monte-Carlo analysis based on a calibrated three-dimensional flow and transport model targeted the geochemical initial conditions as the main source of uncertainty of As concentrations in the studied aquifer. It was found that, during 115 simulated days, the fraction of the entire aquifer volume with As > 10 μgL−1 decreased on average from ~43% to ~39% and the average As concentration from ~32 μgL−1 to ~27 μgL−1. Meanwhile, PNE increased from 55% to 60% when 10 μgL−1 was set as target threshold, and from 71% to 78% for 50 μgL−1. The time dependence of As attenuation can be ascribed to the increase of oxidizing conditions during rainfall-dependent aquifer recharge, which causes As sorption on precipitating iron hydroxides. When computing the same statistics for the shallowest 6 m, As attenuation was even more evident. The volume fraction of aquifer with As > 10μgL−1 dropped from 40% to 28% and the average As concentration from 31 μgL−1 to 20 μgL−1, whereas PNE increased from 58% to 70% for As < 10 μgL−1 and from 71% to 86% for As < 50 μgL−1. Thus, the wells screen depth in the aquifer can be a critical aspect when estimating As risk, owing to the depth-dependent relative change in redox conditions during rainfall events.
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20
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Fakhreddine S, Prommer H, Scanlon BR, Ying SC, Nicot JP. Mobilization of Arsenic and Other Naturally Occurring Contaminants during Managed Aquifer Recharge: A Critical Review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:2208-2223. [PMID: 33503373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Population growth and climate variability highlight the need to enhance freshwater security and diversify water supplies. Subsurface storage of water in depleted aquifers is increasingly used globally to alleviate disparities in water supply and demand often caused by climate extremes including floods and droughts. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) stores excess water supplies during wet periods via infiltration into shallow underlying aquifers or direct injection into deep aquifers for recovery during dry seasons. Additionally, MAR can be designed to improve recharge water quality, particularly in the case of soil aquifer treatment and riverbank filtration. While there are many potential benefits to MAR, introduction of recharge water can alter the native geochemical and hydrological conditions in the receiving aquifer, potentially mobilizing toxic, naturally occurring (geogenic) contaminants from sediments into groundwater where they pose a much larger threat to human and ecosystem health. On the basis of the present literature, arsenic poses the most widespread challenge at MAR sites due to its ubiquity in subsurface sediments and toxicity at trace concentrations. Other geogenic contaminants of concern include fluoride, molybdenum, manganese, and iron. Water quality degradation threatens the viability of some MAR projects with several sites abandoning operations due to arsenic or other contaminant mobilization. Here, we provide a critical review of studies that have uncovered the geochemical and hydrological mechanisms controlling mobilization of arsenic and other geogenic contaminants at MAR sites worldwide, including both infiltration and injection sites. These mechanisms were evaluated based on site-specific characteristics, including hydrological setting, native aquifer geochemistry, and operational site parameters (e.g., source of recharge water and recharge/recovery cycling). Observed mechanisms of geogenic contaminant mobilization during MAR via injection include shifting redox conditions and, to a lesser extent, pH-promoted desorption, mineral solubility, and competitive ligand exchange. The relative importance of these mechanisms depends on various site-specific, operational parameters, including pretreatment of injection water and duration of injection, storage, and recovery phases. This critical review synthesizes findings across case studies in various geochemical, hydrological, and operational settings to better understand controls on arsenic and other geogenic contaminant mobilization and inform the planning and design of future MAR projects to protect groundwater quality. This critical review concludes with an evaluation of proposed management strategies for geogenic contaminants and identification of knowledge gaps regarding fate and transport of geogenic contaminants during MAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Fakhreddine
- Bureau of Economic Geology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, United States
| | - Henning Prommer
- CSIRO Land and Water, Wembley, Western Australia 6913, Australia
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6913, Australia
| | - Bridget R Scanlon
- Bureau of Economic Geology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, United States
| | - Samantha C Ying
- Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jean-Philippe Nicot
- Bureau of Economic Geology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, United States
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