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Shi CH, He BB, Zhao JL, Liu YH, Liu A. Characterising polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in road dusts and stormwater in urban environments. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:791. [PMID: 39110317 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
The presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution on urban road surfaces is one of the major environmental concerns. However, knowledge on the distribution variability of PAHs in road dusts (RDS) and stormwater is limited, which would restrict the further risk evaluation and mitigation implementation of PAHs in road stormwater runoff. This study collected RDS samples and stormwater samples on fourteen urban roads in Shenzhen, China. This study investigated the variation of sixteen PAHs species in RDS and stormwater, and further evaluated the intrinsic and extrinsic factors which influence PAHs accumulation on urban road surfaces. The research outcomes showed significant differences on spatial distribution of PAHs in RDS and in stormwater. The land use types, industrial, commercial and port areas and vehicular volume have a positive relationship with PAHs abundance while dust particle size showed a negative correlation with PAHs abundance. For two phases in stormwater, fluctuation of PAHs with the rainfall duration in total dissolved solid (TDS) was more intensive than in dissolved liquid phase (DLP). This indicated when PAHs attached to RDS enter stormwater, most of PAHs still tend to be on solid particles than in liquid. The study outcomes are expected to contribute to efficient designs of PAHs polluted stormwater mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hao Shi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Bei-Bei He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jian-Liang Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yue-Hong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - An Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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Kao CS, Wang YL, Jiang CB, Tai PJ, Chen YH, Chao HJ, Lo YC, Hseu ZY, Hsi HC, Chien LC. Assessment of sources and health risks of heavy metals in metropolitan household dust among preschool children: The LEAPP-HIT study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120015. [PMID: 38194873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The most common construction material used in Taiwan is concrete, potentially contaminated by geologic heavy metals (HMs). Younger children spend much time indoors, increasing HM exposure risks from household dust owing to their behaviors. We evaluated arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) concentrations in fingernails among 280 preschoolers between 2017 and 2023. We also analyzed HM concentrations, including As, Cd, Pb, chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn), in 90 household dust and 50 road dust samples from a residential area where children lived between 2019 and 2021 to deepen the understanding of sources and health risks of exposure to HMs from household dust. The average As, Cd, and Pb concentrations in fingernails were 0.12 ± 0.06, 0.05 ± 0.05, and 0.95 ± 0.77 μg/g, respectively. Soil parent materials, indoor construction activities, vehicle emissions, and mixed indoor combustion were the pollution sources of HMs in household dust. Higher Cr and Pb levels in household dust may pose non-carcinogenic risks to preschoolers. Addressing indoor construction and soil parent materials sources is vital for children's health. The finding of the present survey can be used for indoor environmental management to reduce the risks of HM exposure and avoid potential adverse health effects for younger children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Sian Kao
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Lin Wang
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Bin Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, SanZhi District, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ju Tai
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Jasmine Chao
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lo
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zeng-Yei Hseu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Cheng Hsi
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ling-Chu Chien
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Serdyukova AD, Vlasov DV, Popovicheva OB, Kosheleva NE, Chichaeva MA, Kasimov NS. Elemental composition of atmospheric PM 10 during COVID-19 lockdown and recovery periods in Moscow (April-July 2020). ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:7909-7931. [PMID: 37498434 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01698-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the concentrations of PM10-bound potentially toxic elements (PTEs) during the COVID-19 lockdown period and after the revocation of restrictions were analyzed using the data received at the Aerosol Complex of Moscow State University in April-July 2020. During the lockdown, the input of biomass combustion products enriched in PTEs from the Moscow region hindered the decrease in pollutant concentrations. After the introduction of the self-isolation regime, lower concentrations of most PTEs occurred due to the decrease in anthropogenic activity and the rainy meteorological conditions. After the revocation of restrictive measures, the PTE concentrations began to increase. Multivariate statistical analysis (APCA-MLR) identified the main sources of atmospheric pollutants as urban dust, non-exhaust traffic emissions, and combustion and exhaust traffic emissions. PM10 particles were significantly enriched with Sb, Cd, Sn, Bi, S, Pb, Cu, Mo, and Zn. The total non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, calculated according to the U.S. EPA model, decreased by 24% and 23% during the lockdown; after the removal of restrictions, they increased by 61% and 72%, respectively. The study provides insight into the PTE concentrations and their main sources at different levels of anthropogenic impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia D Serdyukova
- Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii V Vlasov
- Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.
- Department of Geography, Geology, and the Environment, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, 61790, USA.
| | - Olga B Popovicheva
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia E Kosheleva
- Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Marina A Chichaeva
- Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay S Kasimov
- Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
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Pinto U, Rao S, Phillip Svozil D, Wright A, Goonetilleke A. Understanding the role of land use for urban stormwater management in coastal waterways. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 245:120658. [PMID: 37776591 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
A holistic understanding of the quality and quantity of stormwater in the context of catchment land use plays a crucial role in stormwater management. This study investigated the quality and quantity of stormwater from forested, residential, industrial, and mixed land use areas. Water samples were collected from seven sites over two years at different stages of the runoff hydrograph using fixed sampling stations. Analysis of physicochemical and hydrological variables showed different patterns across the four land use types at various flow conditions highlighting the complex nature of stormwater quality influenced by catchment and rainfall characteristics. Mean concentrations of dissolved organic and oxidised nitrogen (DON and NOx-N) and dissolved organic and filterable reactive phosphorus (DOP and FRP) in stormwater from industrial, mixed-use and residential catchment types were statistically different from stormwater originating from a forested catchment. On average, residential, mixed-use and industrial catchments transported over 50 times more NOx-N to the receiving waters compared to forested catchments. Under high flow conditions, total phosphorus, FRP and total suspended solids (TSS) were mobilised, indicating that phosphorous export is directly related to sediment export regardless of the land use. The study outcomes contribute to the formulation of more effective stormwater management strategies to deal with the drivers of nutrients and TSS inputs resulting from modified land use types to minimise the urbanisation impacts on aquatic biota. In particular, the elevated dissolved nitrogen fractions from all the catchment types other than the forested catchment is a concern for receiving waters, as these can potentially impair water quality and impact the ecosystem health of downstream water bodies such as Intermittently Closed and Open Lakes or Lagoons (ICOLL). The stochastic nature of hydrology and corresponding nutrient loads should be prioritised in stormwater management action plans. However, as space limitations hinder the expansion of vegetation cover and retrofitting stormwater management devices, a paradigm shift in stormwater management is required to achieve the desired outcomes. The study outcomes further indicate that a one-size-fits-all approach to stormwater management may not deliver the desired outcomes, and a suite of tailor-made approaches targeting various flow conditions and catchment surface types is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uthpala Pinto
- Science Economics and Insights Division, Department of Planning, and Environment, PO Box 29 Lidcombe, New South Wales 1825, Australia.
| | - Shivanesh Rao
- Science Economics and Insights Division, Department of Planning, and Environment, PO Box 29 Lidcombe, New South Wales 1825, Australia
| | - Daniel Phillip Svozil
- Water Group, Department of Planning and Environment, 6 Stewart Avenue Newcastle, New South Wales 2300, Australia
| | - Aaron Wright
- Science Economics and Insights Division, Department of Planning, and Environment, PO Box 29 Lidcombe, New South Wales 1825, Australia
| | - Ashantha Goonetilleke
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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He B, Shi C, Chen B, Wu H, Goonetilleke A, Liu A. Occurrence and risk associated with urban road-deposited microplastics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132012. [PMID: 37467610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
An in-depth understanding of urban road-deposited MPs is important for the accurate prediction of the risk posed by MPs in different exposure scenarios. This study provides new insights into the intrinsic/extrinsic factors in terms of the variability of concentration and species in urban road-deposited MPs. The study results confirmed that a considerable abundance of road-deposited MPs can be identified with the average concentration ranging from 0.33 to 3.64 g m-2. Land use types and sediment particle size are the important factors that contribute to MPs abundance. The majority of detected MPs including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are mainly derived from anthropogenic activities in commercial and residential land uses while rubber MP particles in urban road surfaces are mainly derived from tyre wear. The significant correlation (p < 0.05) between MPs and fine dust particles (< 150 µm) indicated the high affinity of small dust particles for MPs. The risk scores from MPs varied greatly from 10 to 11,000 among the study sites, which indicated the significant spatial variation of potential environmental risks posed by road-deposited MPs. The hotspots of risks posed by MPs were in areas with a high fraction of industrial, commercial and residential land uses. Specifically, the highest risk from MPs was found in mixed industrial and residential areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chenhao Shi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bocheng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ashantha Goonetilleke
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), P.O. Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia
| | - An Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Li X, Zheng N, Zhang W, Sun S, An Q, Li Z, Ji Y, Wang S. Estimate of the maximum amount of dust adhering to skin and the upper limit of dust-skin adherence factor for young adults: An example from Changchun, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139754. [PMID: 37553043 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Contaminants present in dust adhering to the skin can pose a significant risk to human health through dermal absorption and hand-to-mouth contact. The adhesion capacity of dust differs significantly from that of soil due to its physicochemical properties. Therefore, applying the raw soil exposure parameters to estimate the health risks associated with dermal exposure to dust may lead to erroneous conclusions. In this study, we quantified the maximum amount of dust that adhered to the skin (MADmax) and the upper limit of dust-skin adherence factor (DSAFmax) in 26 adults using element markers as a proxy for dust. The volunteers were exposed to dust and rinse water samples were collected from their hands, forearms, lower legs, and feet. We analyzed both the raw dust samples and the rinse water samples for 11 element markers, including Be, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Ba, and Pb. The results showed that the MADmax of indoor dust and outdoor dust increased by 0.08-0.62 mg and 0.33-0.56 mg following a 1 cm2 increase in skin surface area, respectively. Based on best dust element markers, the body part-weighted dust-skin adherences (WDSAFmaxs) of indoor dust and outdoor dust were 0.35 and 0.64 mg/cm2, respectively. A smaller particle size and higher moisture content resulted in a larger DSAFmax. Only when indoor dust concentrations exceed 24.2 mg/m3 or outdoor dust concentrations exceed 44.3 mg/m3, can the WDSAFmax be applied directly in the health risk assessment of dermal exposure to dust. The method from this study can be re-applied in different regions, and the adherence data can help to improve future studies on the health effects of dermal exposure to dust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China; Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China.
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Qirui An
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Zimeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Yining Ji
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Sujing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
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Liu J, Peng J, Men Z, Fang T, Zhang J, Du Z, Zhang Q, Wang T, Wu L, Mao H. Brake wear-derived particles: Single-particle mass spectral signatures and real-world emissions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:100240. [PMID: 36926019 PMCID: PMC10011745 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Brake wear is an important but unregulated vehicle-related source of atmospheric particulate matter (PM). The single-particle spectral fingerprints of brake wear particles (BWPs) provide essential information for understanding their formation mechanism and atmospheric contributions. Herein, we obtained the single-particle mass spectra of BWPs by combining a brake dynamometer with an online single particle aerosol mass spectrometer and quantified real-world BWP emissions through a tunnel observation in Tianjin, China. The pure BWPs mainly include three distinct types of particles, namely, Ba-containing particles, mineral particles, and carbon-containing particles, accounting for 44.2%, 43.4%, and 10.3% of the total BWP number concentration, respectively. The diversified mass spectra indicate complex BWP formation pathways, such as mechanical, phase transition, and chemical processes. Notably, the mass spectra of Ba-containing particles are unique, which allows them to serve as an excellent indicator for estimating ambient BWP concentrations. By evaluating this indicator, we find that approximately 4.0% of the PM in the tunnel could be attributable to brake wear; the real-world fleet-average emission factor of 0.28 mg km-1 veh-1 is consistent with the estimation obtained using the receptor model. The results presented herein can be used to inform assessments of the environmental and health impacts of BWPs to formulate effective emissions control policies.
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Vlasov DV, Vasil'chuk JY, Kosheleva NE, Kasimov NS. Contamination levels and source apportionment of potentially toxic elements in size-fractionated road dust of Moscow. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:38099-38120. [PMID: 36576630 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24934-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The distributions of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) among PM1, PM1-10, PM10-50, and PM50-1000 fractions of the road dust were studied in the western and eastern parts of Moscow, impacted mainly by the road transport and the industrial sector, respectively. The partitioning of PTEs in road dust can provide more precise information on pollution sources and its further interpretation regarding human health risks. The concentrations of PTEs were analyzed by mass and atomic emission inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. Differences in the results between the western and eastern parts of the city were caused by the dissimilarity between traffic and industrial emissions. The source apportionment of the PTEs was carried out using absolute principal component analysis with multiple linear regressions (PCA/APCS-MLR). The contribution from anthropogenic sources was significant to PM1 and PM1-10 particles. In coarser fractions (PM10-50, PM50-1000), it decreased due to the input with the wind-induced resuspension of soil and rock particles. In the eastern part of the city, the accumulation of PTEs (especially Mo, Sb, Cd, Sn, Bi, Co, and As) is the most active in PM1-10, while in the western part, it is most pronounced in PM1 (especially Pb, Cu, Cr, and W) which is associated with differences in the size of particles coming from traffic and industrial sources. In the eastern part of Moscow, in comparison with the western part, the contribution from industrial sources to the accumulation of PTEs in all particle size fractions was higher by 10-30%. In the western part of Moscow, the finest particles PM1 and PM1-10 demonstrate the trend of rising pollution levels with the increase in road size, while in the eastern part of the city, only coarse particles PM50-1000 show the same trend. In the fractions PM1 and PM1-10 of road dust, a significant contribution was made by anthropogenic sources; however, its role decreased in the coarse fractions-PM10-50 and especially in PM50-1000- due to the influence of roadside soils and their parent material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii V Vlasov
- Department of Landscape Geochemistry and Soil Geography, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Jessica Yu Vasil'chuk
- Department of Landscape Geochemistry and Soil Geography, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia E Kosheleva
- Department of Landscape Geochemistry and Soil Geography, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay S Kasimov
- Department of Landscape Geochemistry and Soil Geography, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Bogaert P, Diélie G, Briffault A, de Saint-Hubert B, Verbanck MA. Identifying proxies and mapping heavy metals concentrations in city road dusts: A case study in the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13312. [PMID: 36755603 PMCID: PMC9900355 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper investigates the spatial distribution of heavy metals (HMs) concentrations in road dusts over a part of the Brussels-Capital Region (BCR), with the aim of identifying the most relevant factors impacting these concentrations and subsequently mapping them over all road segments. For this goal, a set of 128 samples of road dusts was collected over a three years time span in the Anderlecht municipality, that covers about a tenth of the BCR area. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn have been measured in the finest fraction ( ⌀ < 250 μm) using ICP-OES. In parallel, continuous and categorical-valued proxies have been collected over all road segments. Using a multivariate linear modeling (MLR) approach, the most influential proxies that have been identified are the distance to the center of the BCR, land use, road hierarchy and roadside parking occupation. The performance of the MLR models remains however limited, with adjusted R 2 values around 0.5 for all HMs. From a spatial analysis of the regression residuals, it is likely that some useful proxies could have been overlooked. Although these models have clear limitations for reliably predicting HMs concentrations at specific locations, the corresponding maps drawn over all road segments provide a useful overview and help designing sound monitoring policies as well appropriate implementation of mitigation measures at places where road dust pollutants tend to concentrate. Further studies are needed to confirm this, but it is expected that our models will perform reasonably well over a large part of the BCR. It is believed too that our findings are relevant for modeling road dusts pollution in other cities as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Bogaert
- Earth & Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Belgium,Corresponding author.
| | - Gwenaël Diélie
- Department of Water Pollution Control, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
| | - Axel Briffault
- Earth & Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Belgium
| | | | - Michel A. Verbanck
- Department of Water Pollution Control, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
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Chen H, Wu W, Cao L, Zhou X, Guo R, Nie L, Shang W. Source Analysis and Contamination Assessment of Potentially Toxic Element in Soil of Small Watershed in Mountainous Area of Southern Henan, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192013324. [PMID: 36293901 PMCID: PMC9602646 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the concentrations of potentially toxic elements in 283 topsoil samples were determined. Håkanson toxicity response coefficient modified matter element extension model was introduced to evaluate the soil elements contamination, and the results were compared with the pollution index method. The sources and spatial distribution of soil elements were analyzed by the combination of the PMF model and IDW interpolation. The results are as follows, 1: The concentration distribution of potentially toxic elements is different in space. Higher concentrations were found in the vicinity of the mining area and farmland. 2: The weight of all elements has changed significantly. The evaluation result of the matter-element extension model shows that 68.55% of the topsoil in the study area is clean soil, and Hg is the main contamination element. The evaluation result is roughly the same as that of the pollution index method, indicating that the evaluation result of the matter-element extension model with modified is accurate and reasonable. 3: Potentially toxic elements mainly come from the mixed sources of atmospheric sedimentation and agricultural activities (22.59%), the mixed sources of agricultural activities and mining (20.26%), the mixed sources of traffic activities, nature and mining (36.30%), the mixed sources of pesticide use and soil parent material (20.85%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Li Cao
- Binhai College, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Xiaode Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Rentai Guo
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Liwei Nie
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Wenxing Shang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710048, China
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Ghani J, Nawab J, Faiq ME, Ullah S, Alam A, Ahmad I, Ali SW, Khan S, Ahmad I, Muhammad A, Ur Rahman SA, Abbas M, Rashid A, Hasan SZ, Hamza A. Multi-geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and source apportionment of potentially toxic elements in urban children's park soils in Pakistan: A risk assessment study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119961. [PMID: 35977638 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, contamination of urban children's parks (UCPs) with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) has been attracting more and more interest; however, assessment of eco-environmental and child exposure risks particularly in developing countries remains limited. The current study investigated PTE (Cr, Ni, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) concentrations, potential sources, and their health risk assessment in UCP soils of 12 major cities in Pakistan. The results showed that the mean concentration of Ni exceeded the SEPA-permissible limit in all UCP sites, while other PTEs were found to be within acceptable limits. The soil properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, and soil particles size were determined in UCPs soils. The contamination factor and pollution load index results indicated low to moderate pollution levels (CF < 3) and (PLI<1) for all PTEs except Ni in some of the selected cities. Quantile-quantile (Q-Q) plotting determined the normal distribution line for all PTEs in the UCPs. Principal component analysis showed the mixed sources of contamination from industrial emissions, fossil fuel combustion, vehicular emissions, wastewater irrigation, as well as solid waste disposal and natural sources of soil parent materials in all park sites. ANOVA results showed that all the PTEs except Cd had moderate to higher contamination values than the reference site. The risk assessment study revealed that children had high exposure to the selected PTEs via all exposure pathways. The hazard index (HI) mean value (1.82E+00) of Ni for all exposure pathways was greater than 1, while total risk value of Cr (1.00E-03) had exceeded USEPA limit, indicating cancer risk. Consequently, the study of UCPs soils revealed PTEs contamination that could pose a potential health risk to the local population in the studied UCPs regions of Pakistan. Thus, the present study recommends that the influx of PTEs originating from natural and anthropogenic sources should be mitigated and government should implement strict enforcement of environmental regulations and proper management, as well as air quality monitoring guidelines for public health should be strictly adopted to reduce traffic- and industrial emission-related to PTEs in metropolitan areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Ghani
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Javed Nawab
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000, Pakistan.
| | - Mohammad Eshaq Faiq
- College of Marine and Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Sajid Ullah
- Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Nangarhar University, Jalalabad, 2600, Afghanistan
| | - Arshad Alam
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Syed Weqas Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sardar Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Imran Ahmad
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Asim Muhammad
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Syed Aziz Ur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rashid
- School of Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shah Zaib Hasan
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Amir Hamza
- Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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12
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From dust to the sources: The first quantitative assessment of the relative contributions of emissions sources to elements (toxic and non-toxic) in the urban roads of Tehran, Iran. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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13
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Hong N, Cheng Q, Wijesiri B, Bandala ER, Goonetilleke A, Liu A. Integrating Tank Model and adsorption/desorption characteristics of filter media to simulate outflow water quantity and quality of a bioretention basin: A case study of biochar-based bioretention basin. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 304:114282. [PMID: 34920283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reliable approaches for accurately assessing the performance of stormwater treatment systems is essential for their effective design, including filter media selection which can be a significant constituent in stormwater treatment systems. This study presents an innovative modelling approach integrating the Tank Model with the adsorption-desorption characteristics of the filter media. The resulting modelling approach was applied to simulate a field-scale bioretention basin where biochar was used as filter media with over ten years of rainfall records. The resulting outflow and overflow volumes were compared with observed data for calibration. The Stormwater Treatment Tank Model (STTM) was validated using the Leave-One-Out-Cross-Validation (LOOCV) method. The simulation outcomes include water outflow and overflow (quantity) from the bioretention basin as well as outflow water quality represented by three heavy metals (Pb, Cu, and Zn). The modelling approach developed was found to be capable of accurately simulating outflow and overflow volumes, with outlet water quantity being significantly influenced by the total rainfall depth. The modeling results also suggested that a sole treatment system would not be adequate, particularly for large rainfall events (>100 mm) and a treatment train would be more effective. Simulating long-term (over ten years) pollutant removal performance in the bioretention basin indicated that heavy metals outflow event mean concentration (EMCs) values calculated using simulated results of 30% biochar application rate generated the best pollutant removal with consistent values (2.7 μg/L, 3.0 μg/L, 17.2 μg/L for Pb, Cu, and Zn, respectively). These results confirm that the modelling approach is reliable for assessing long-term treatment performance, as well as a robust tool able to contribute to more effective treatment system design, particularly filter media selection and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Hong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Qin Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Buddhi Wijesiri
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld, 4001, Australia
| | - Erick R Bandala
- Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 755 E Flamingo Rd., Las Vegas, NV, 89119, USA
| | - Ashantha Goonetilleke
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld, 4001, Australia
| | - An Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; Water Science and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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14
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Stojanovic N, Glisovic J, Abdullah OI, Belhocine A, Grujic I. Particle formation due to brake wear, influence on the people health and measures for their reduction: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:9606-9625. [PMID: 34993797 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17907-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
For achieving the desired vehicle speed, the IC engine is very important, while for further vehicle speed maintaining and adaptation to road conditions, the braking system is important. With each brake's activation, wear products are forming, which are very harmful to the environment, because they can contain heavy metals. The braking working parameters (initial speed and braking pressure) are beside the achieved temperature in contact par, the most responsible, for particle formation and their release into the air. The particles forming can be divided by size on coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles, and which were observed in the paper. However, the greatest accent was placed on coarse and fine particles. For the determination of the composition of wear products, most often, laboratory tests were used. Particle composition greatly depends on the composition of brake pads, which can consist of about 30 components, and where some of these components have very unfavourable effects on people's health. So today, many researches are focused on finding such composition for brake pads, which will wear as less as possible, without disturbing the basic tribological properties. The conclusion of this paper shows that the applied materials for manufacturing the braking system are very important, as well as the construction, for the reduction of particle emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadica Stojanovic
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jasna Glisovic
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Oday I Abdullah
- Dept. of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
- Department of Mechanics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040
- System Technologies and Engineering Design Methodology, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ali Belhocine
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sciences and the Technology of Oran, L.P 1505 El -MNAOUER, Usto, 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | - Ivan Grujic
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
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15
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Miranda LS, Wijesiri B, Ayoko GA, Egodawatta P, Goonetilleke A. Water-sediment interactions and mobility of heavy metals in aquatic environments. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 202:117386. [PMID: 34229194 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption-desorption behaviour of heavy metals in aquatic environments is complex and the processes are regulated by the continuous interactions between water and sediments. This study provides a quantitative understanding of the effects of nutrients and key water and sediment properties on the adsorption-desorption behaviour of heavy metals in riverine and estuarine environments. The influence levels of the environmental factors were determined as conditional regression coefficients. The research outcomes indicate that the mineralogical composition of sediments, which influence other sediment properties, such as specific surface area and cation exchange capacity, play the most important role in the adsorption and desorption of heavy metals. It was found that particulate organic matter is the most influential nutrient in heavy metals adsorption in the riverine environment, while particulate phosphorus is more important under estuarine conditions. Dissolved nutrients do not exert a significant positive effect on the release of heavy metals in the riverine area, whilst dissolved phosphorus increases the transfer of specific metals from sediments to the overlying water under estuarine conditions. Furthermore, the positive interdependencies between marine-related ions and the release of most heavy metals in the riverine and estuarine environments indicate an increase in the mobility of heavy metals as a result of cation exchange reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena S Miranda
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Buddhi Wijesiri
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Godwin A Ayoko
- Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia; Centre for the Environment, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Prasanna Egodawatta
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia; Centre for the Environment, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Ashantha Goonetilleke
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia; Centre for the Environment, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia.
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16
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Järlskog I, Strömvall AM, Magnusson K, Galfi H, Björklund K, Polukarova M, Garção R, Markiewicz A, Aronsson M, Gustafsson M, Norin M, Blom L, Andersson-Sköld Y. Traffic-related microplastic particles, metals, and organic pollutants in an urban area under reconstruction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145503. [PMID: 33609838 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In urban environments, particularly areas under reconstruction, metals, organic pollutants (OP), and microplastics (MP), are released in large amounts due to heavy traffic. Road runoff, a major transport route for urban pollutants, contributes significantly to a deteriorated water quality in receiving waters. This study was conducted in Gothenburg, Sweden, and is unique because it simultaneously investigates the occurrence of OP, metals, and MP on roads and in stormwater from an urban area under reconstruction. Correlations between the various pollutants were also explored. The study was carried out by collecting washwater and sweepsand generated from street sweeping, road surface sampling, and flow-proportional stormwater sampling on several occasions. The liquid and solid samples were analyzed for metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), oxy-PAH, aliphatics, aromatics, phthalates, and MP. The occurrence of OP was also analyzed with a non-target screening method of selected samples. Microplastics, i.e. plastic fragments/fibers, paint fragments, tire wear particles (TWP) and bitumen, were analyzed with a method based on density separation with sodium iodide and identification with a stereo microscope, melt-tests, and tactile identification. MP concentrations amounted to 1500 particles/L in stormwater, 51,000 particles/L in washwater, and 2.6 × 106 particles/kg dw in sweepsand. In stormwater, washwater and sweepsand, MP ≥20 μm were found to be dominated by TWP (38%, 83% and 78%, respectively). The results confirm traffic as an important source to MP, OP, and metal emissions. Concentrations exceeding water and sediment quality guidelines for metals (e.g. Cu and Zn), PAH, phthalates, and aliphatic hydrocarbons in the C16-C35 fraction were found in most samples. The results show that the street sweeper collects large amounts of polluted materials and thereby prevents further spread of the pollutants to the receiving stormwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Järlskog
- VTI, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, SE-581 95 Linköping, Sweden; Geology and Geotechnics, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ann-Margret Strömvall
- Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Magnusson
- IVL, Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Kristineberg, SE-451 78 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden
| | - Helén Galfi
- Sustainable Waste and Water, City of Gothenburg, SE-424 23 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Björklund
- Kerr Wood Leidal Associates Ltd., 200 - 4185A Still Creek Drive Burnaby, British Columbia V5C 6G9, Canada
| | - Maria Polukarova
- VTI, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, SE-581 95 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Rita Garção
- Engineering and Sustainability, NCC Infrastructure, NCC, SE-405 14 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Markiewicz
- Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Aronsson
- Urban Transport Administration, City of Gothenburg, SE-403 16 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Gustafsson
- VTI, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, SE-581 95 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Malin Norin
- Engineering and Sustainability, NCC Infrastructure, NCC, SE-405 14 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Blom
- Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; Sustainable Waste and Water, City of Gothenburg, SE-424 23 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Andersson-Sköld
- VTI, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, SE-581 95 Linköping, Sweden; Geology and Geotechnics, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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