1
|
Li Q, Si H, Chen X, Mao M, Shang J. Influence of natural organic matter on the aggregation dynamics of biochar colloids derived from various feedstocks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174097. [PMID: 38908602 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Abundant biochar colloids (BCs) produced from a wide range of feedstocks, resulting from forest fires, agricultural production, and environmental restoration, exhibit varying aggregation behaviors influenced by feedstock type and natural organic matter. However, the impact of natural organic matter on the colloidal stability of BCs derived from different feedstocks remains poorly understood. In this study, six selected biochars were derived from various feedstocks as follows: sewage sludge (SS), rice husk (RH), oil seed rape straw pellets (OSR), wheat straw pellets (WS), miscanthus straw pellets (MS) and softwood pellets (SW). The colloidal stability of BCs, with the exogenous addition of organic matter, was further determined. The order of critical coagulation concentrations (CCCs) of BCs with the presence of humic acid (HA) was as follows: RH (989.48 mM) < MS (1084.69 mM) < SS (1149.76 mM) < WS (1338.99 mM) < OSR (2402.98 mM) < SW (3151.32 mM). This order was significantly positively correlated with the specific surface area and negatively correlated with the ash content of the bulk biochar. Compared to HA, bovine serum albumin (BSA) more effectively inhibited the aggregation behavior of BCs due to steric hindrance. The initial aggregation rate constant (k) of BCs at 3000 mM NaCl was as follows: MS (0.238 nm/s) > OSR (0.142 nm/s) > WS (0.128 nm/s) > SS (0.126 nm/s) > RH (0.118 nm/s) > SW (0.112 nm/s). The stabilizing effects of BSA on biochar colloids were independent of the physicochemical properties of bulk biochar. In the presence of BSA, a thin layer of protein corona significantly enhanced the stability of biochar colloids, particularly the BCs derived from MS. Our results underscore the importance of considering feedstock resources and natural organic matter type when assessing the aggregation and potential risks of BCs in aquatic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qirui Li
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Hongyu Si
- Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Xiuxiu Chen
- Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Meng Mao
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Jianying Shang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yin Y, Wang Y, Si H, Shang J. Temporal changes of exposure to water on physic-chemical, stability, and transport characteristics of pyrogenic carbon colloids. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122834. [PMID: 37926407 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the effect of the aging process on the properties of pyrogenic carbon (PyC) is critical for predicting and evaluating its transport and fate. Water exposure is a common application scenario of PyC entering aquatic systems or flooded paddy fields, which might significantly affect the aging process. However, only some studies focused on the changes in PyC properties by water exposure treatment. In this study, the effect of water exposure on the mobility of PyC was investigated. Fresh PyC, PyC with 1.5 years and 3.5 years of water exposure were selected and named as CK, 1.5WA, and 3.5WA, respectively. Our results revealed that CK had the lowest intensity of surface functional groups (-OH, CO, and C-O-C) and the intensity of 3.5WA was higher than that of 1.5WA. There was no significant change in dissolved organic matter (DOM) content between fresh and aged PyC colloids. However, UV absorbance and its parameters (E2/E3, E4/E6, and SR) exhibited a comparable tendency to the abundance of functional groups (-OH, CO, and C-O-C). The fresh and aged PyC colloids showed high stability in Na+ and Ca2+ solutions at varying pH values (A/A0 > 85%), which was also observed in groundwater. The mobility of fresh and aged PyC colloids differed in Na+ (21.74%-57.19%), Ca2+ (14.30%-40.12%) solutions and groundwater (28.50%-44.24%), but exhibited similar order (3.5WA > 1.5WA > CK). The mechanism of the effect of water exposure on the property and mobility of PyC colloids was explored. This study provides the fundamental information to estimate PyC fate and transport after long-term water exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Yin
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Hongyu Si
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Jianying Shang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pan Y, Chen C, Shang J. Effect of reduced inherent organic matter on stability and transport behaviors of black soil colloids. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139149. [PMID: 37307927 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil organic matter plays an important role in the stability, transport, and fate of soil colloids. At present, studies have mostly focused on the effects of adding exogenous organic matter on soil colloidal properties, while there is very limited research on the effect of reduced inherent soil organic matter on the environmental behavior of soil colloids. This study investigated the stability and transport behavior of black soil colloids (BSC) and black soil colloids with reduced inherent organic matter (BSC-ROM) under different ionic strength (5, 50 mM) and background solution pH (4.0, 7.0, and 9.0) conditions. Meanwhile, the release behavior of two soil colloids in the saturated sand column under transient ionic strength conditions was also studied. The results showed that both ionic strength reduction and pH increase increased the negative charges of BSC and BSC-ROM, and improved the electrostatic repulsion between soil colloids and grain surface, thereby promoting the stability and mobility of soil colloids. The decrease in inherent organic matter had little effect on the surface charge of soil colloids, suggesting that the electrostatic repulsive force was not the main force affecting the stability and mobility of BSC and BSC-ROM, and reducing inherent organic matter might significantly reduce the stability and mobility of soil colloids by weakening the steric hindrance interaction. The decrease of transient ionic strength reduced the depth of the energy minimum and activated the soil colloids retained on the surface of the grain at three pH conditions. This study is helpful to predict the potential impact of soil organic matter degradation on the fate of black soil colloids in natural environment system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Pan
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Chong Chen
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
| | - Jianying Shang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang K, Ma Y, Sun B, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Zhu L. Transport of silver nanoparticles coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone of various molecular sizes in porous media: Interplay of polymeric coatings and chemically heterogeneous surfaces. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 429:128247. [PMID: 35065312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are usually capped with stabilizing agents to protect their activities and improve stability. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is one of the most used capping agents of AgNPs, and may affect the transport of AgNPs in porous media. The transport and retention of AgNPs capped with PVPs of different molecular weights (PVP10-AgNP, PVP40-AgNP and PVP360-AgNP) in uncoated, and humic acid (HA)-, kaolinite (KL)- and ferrihydrite (FH)-coated sand porous media were investigated. Among the three AgNPs, PVP360-AgNP exhibited the highest mobility and eluted from all types of porous media. This is because PVPs of higher molecular weight provided stronger steric effect and electrostatic repulsive forces among PVP-AgNPs, inducing stronger blocking and shadow effects. The transport of the PVP-AgNPs increased in the HA-Sand columns, while decreased in the KL- and FH-Sand columns, especially for PVP10-AgNP and PVP40-AgNP. The simulation results using one-site kinetic model indicated that HA-Sand reduced the maximum retention capacity (Smax), while KL- and FH-Sand increased the Smax as well as the first-order attachment rate coefficients (katt), particularly at high ionic strength. The results shed light on the interplay of the capping agents of AgNPs and the surface heterogeneity on the transport of AgNPs in porous media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunkun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Yi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Binbin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Yinqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu Z, Wei Y, Li J, Ding GC. Integrating 16S rRNA amplicon metagenomics and selective culture for developing thermophilic bacterial inoculants to enhance manure composting. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 144:357-365. [PMID: 35436715 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Composting is an important method for treating and recycling organic waste, and the use of microbial inoculants can increase the efficiency of composting. Herein, we illustrate an approach that integrate 16S rRNA amplicon metagenomics and selective culture of thermophilic bacteria for the development of inoculants to improve manure composting. The 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis revealed that Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were dominant in the composting mixture, and that different microbial hubs succeeded during the thermophilic stage. All isolated thermophilic bacteria were affiliated with the order Bacillales, such as Geobacillus, Bacillus, and Aeribacillus. These isolated thermophilic bacteria were grouped into 11 phylotypes, which shared >99% sequence identity to 0.15% to 5.32% of 16S rRNA reads by the amplicon sequencing. Three of these phylotypes transiently enriched during the thermophilic stage. Six thermophilic bacteria were selected from the three phylotypes to obtain seven microbial inoculants. Five out of seven of the microbial inoculants enhanced the thermophilic stage of composting by 16.9% to 52.2%. Three-dimensional excitation emission matrix analysis further revealed that two inoculants (Thermoactinomyces intermedius and Ureibacillus thermophilus) stimulated humification. Additionally, the 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis revealed that inoculation with thermophilic bacteria enhanced the succession of the microbial community during composting. In conclusion, 16S rRNA amplicon metagenomics is a useful tool for the development of microbial inoculants to enhance manure composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixiu Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, 215128, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ji Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, 215128, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guo-Chun Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, 215128, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rong H, Li M, He L, Zhang M, Hsieh L, Wang S, Han P, Tong M. Transport and deposition behaviors of microplastics in porous media: Co-impacts of N fertilizers and humic acid. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:127787. [PMID: 34848067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the interaction of fertilizers with microplastics (MPs) and porous media, fertilization process would influence MPs transport and distributions in soil. The co-impacts of N fertilizers (both inorganic and organic N fertilizers) and humic substance on MPs transport/retention behaviors in porous media were examined in 10 mM KCl solutions at pH 6. NH4Cl and CO(NH2)2 were employed as inorganic and organic N fertilizers, respectively, while humic acid (HA) was used as model humic substance. We found that for all three sized MPs (0.2, 1 and 2 µm) without HA, both types of N fertilizers decreased their transport/increased their retention in porous media (both quartz sand and soil). N fertilizers adsorbed onto surfaces of MPs and sand/soil, lowering the electrostatic repulsion between MPs and porous media, thus contributed to the enhanced MPs deposition. MPs with N fertilizers in solutions more tightly attached onto porous media and thus were more difficult to be re-mobilized by low ionic strength solution elution. Via steric repulsion and increasing electrostatic repulsion between MPs and porous media due to adsorption onto their surfaces, HA could increase MPs transport with N fertilizers in solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Rong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Lei He
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Mengya Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Lichun Hsieh
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Shuai Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Peng Han
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Meiping Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu Y, Sintim HY, Astner AF, Hayes DG, Bary A, Zelenyuk A, Qafoku O, Kovarik L, Flury M. Enhanced Transport of TiO 2 in Unsaturated Sand and Soil after Release from Biodegradable Plastic during Composting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:2398-2406. [PMID: 35119274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics can reach full degradation when disposed of appropriately and thus alleviate plastic pollution caused by conventional plastics. However, additives can be released into the environment during degradation and the fate of these additives can be affected by the degradation process. Here, we characterized TiO2 particles released from a biodegradable plastic mulch during composting and studied the transport of the mulch-released TiO2 particles in inert sand and agricultural soil columns under unsaturated flow conditions. TiO2 particles (238 nm major axis and 154 nm minor axis) were released from the biodegradable plastic mulch in both single-particle and cluster forms. The mulch-released TiO2 particles were fully retained in unsaturated soil columns due to attachment onto the solid-water interface and straining. However, in unsaturated sand columns, the mulch-released TiO2 particles were highly mobile. A comparison with the pristine TiO2 revealed that the mobility of the mulch-released TiO2 particles was enhanced by humic acid present in the compost residues, which blocked attachment sites and imposed steric repulsion. This study demonstrates that TiO2 particles can be released during composting of biodegradable plastics and the transport potential of the plastic-released TiO2 particles in the terrestrial environment can be enhanced by compost residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Yu
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Puyallup Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, Washington 98371, United States
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Henry Y Sintim
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, Georgia 31793, United States
| | - Anton F Astner
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Douglas G Hayes
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Andrew Bary
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Puyallup Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, Washington 98371, United States
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Alla Zelenyuk
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Odeta Qafoku
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Libor Kovarik
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Markus Flury
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Puyallup Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, Washington 98371, United States
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Y, Liao M, Guo J, Xu N, Xie X, Fan Q. The co-transport of Cd(Ⅱ) with nanoscale As 2S 3 in soil-packed column: Effects of ionic strength. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131628. [PMID: 34333186 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To observe the co-transport of Cd(Ⅱ) with nanoscale As2S3 (nAs2S3) in a soil-packed column under different ionic strength (IS). A soil-packed column experiment with Cd(Ⅱ) and nAs2S3 was conducted. The results show that the transport of Cd(Ⅱ) was facilitated remarkably in the presence of nAs2S3, and nano-associated-Cd(Ⅱ) was the major migration type. However, the co-transport of Cd(Ⅱ) and nAs2S3 was affected by IS. The Cd(Ⅱ) concentration in the effluent to initial Cd(Ⅱ) concentration decreased from 38.75% to 29.95% and 22.28% as IS increased from 1 mM to 10 mM and 50 mM. When IS was 1 mm, 10 mm and 50 mm, the retention of nAs2S3 increased from 74.29% to 78.95% and 85.9% respectively. The agglomeration and sedimentation of nAs2S3 were the main reason for the rise of retention. Due to the increase of retention and reduction in adsorption capacity of nAs2S3 to Cd(Ⅱ), the ratio of migration in the form of nano-associated-Cd(Ⅱ) reduced from 53% (IS 1 mM) to 27.4% (IS 10 mM) and 18.2% (IS 50 mM). During the transport, the IS promoted desorption of Cd(Ⅱ) from nAs2S3 so that more soluble Cd was monitored in the effluent as IS increased. In general, these findings can provide references for controlling the risk caused by the co-transport of nAs2S3 and Cd(Ⅱ) in saline-alkali soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road No.866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Yuhangtang Road No.866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Min Liao
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road No.866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Yuhangtang Road No.866, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jiawen Guo
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road No.866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Yuhangtang Road No.866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Na Xu
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road No.866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Yuhangtang Road No.866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaomei Xie
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road No.866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Environmental and Resources Education (Zhejiang University), Yuhangtang Road No.866, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Qiyan Fan
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road No.866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Environmental and Resources Education (Zhejiang University), Yuhangtang Road No.866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|