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Zhang Y, Meng J, Su G, Li Q, Sun B, Gu Y, Shi B. Recognition of screening out hierarchical toxic contaminants tuned by quantified pseudo-components from complex engineering co-combustion. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135029. [PMID: 38959830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Co-combustion of industrial and municipal solid wastes has emerged as the most promising disposal technology, yet its effect on unknown contaminants generation remains rarely revealed due to waste complexity. Hence, six batches of large-scale engineering experiments were designed in an incinerator of 650 t/d, which overcame the inauthenticity and deviation of laboratory tests. 953-1772 non-targeted compounds were screened in fly ash. Targeting the impact of co-combustion, a pseudo-component matrix model was innovatively integrated to quantitatively extract nine components from complex wastes grouped into biomass and plastic. Thus, the influence was evaluated across eight dimensions, covering molecular characteristics and toxicity. The effect of co-combustion with biomass pseudo-components was insignificant. However, co-combustion with high ratios of plastic pseudo-components induced higher potential risks, significantly promoting the formation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, highly unsaturated compounds (DBE≥15), and cyclic compounds by 19 %- 49 %, 17 %- 31 %, and 7 %- 27 %, respectively. Especially, blending with high ratios of PET plastic pseudo-components produced more species of contaminants. Unique 2 Level I toxicants, bromomethyl benzene and benzofuran-2-carbaldehyde, as well as 4 Level II toxicants, were locked, receiving no concern in previous combustion. The results highlighted risks during high proportion plastics co-combustion, which can help pollution reduction by tuning source wastes to enable healthy co-combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guijin Su
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qianqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bohua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yangyang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Wang Y, Jia L, Guo B, Li J, Bai T, Jin Z, Jin Y. Investigation on the interaction mechanism during co-combustion of sewage sludge and coal slime: The effect of coal slime type and pretreatment method. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172419. [PMID: 38614335 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Co-combustion of sewage sludge (SS) and coal slime (CS) is the preferred method for mitigating their environmental impact and increasing their added value. However, the interaction mechanism between SS and CS during the co-combustion process has not yet developed a unified understanding. This work aims to obtain the effect of CS types on SS-CS co-combustion and reveal the interaction mechanism between SS and CS based on the influence of pretreatment methods on the interaction. The results showed that during co-combustion, SS reduced the ignition and burnout temperatures, and CS with high fixed carbon content (e.g., XCS) improved the comprehensive combustion characteristics. Principal component analysis showed that the effect of CS on co-combustion was more significant. The interaction between SS and CS mainly occurred within 100-700 °C, in which inhibition and synergism coexisted. The large differences in the interactions before and after de-volatilization and pickling treatments revealed that the volatiles and ash in SS were the main interaction factors. The analysis of the interaction mechanisms showed that the free radicals and heat released from the SS volatiles combustion accelerated the weight loss of CS, but the formation of tars from its incomplete combustion may inhibit the decomposition of CS. The interaction in the fixed carbon combustion stage was mainly caused by SS ash, which can catalyze the combustion of CS fixed carbon, but for the high ash CS (e.g., QCS), the combustion of fixed carbon was hindered by the addition of SS ash higher than 10 %. The final manifestation (synergy or inhibition) of SS and CS interactions was the result of the competitive balance of the above interactive behaviors. This work provides a more comprehensive understanding of the interaction between SS and CS during co-combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Wang
- School of Electric Power, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Jia
- School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Baihe Guo
- School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingkuan Li
- School of Electric Power, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Tao Bai
- School of Electric Power, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhiping Jin
- School of Electric Power, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Jin
- School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China.
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Sun G, Li L, Duan Y, Chen Y, Gu Q, Wang Y, Sun Z, Mao J, Qian X, Duan L. Evaluating combustion kinetics and quantifying fuel-N conversion tendency of shoe manufacturing waste. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118339. [PMID: 38325791 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Combustion is an effective and cost-efficient thermochemical conversion method for solid waste, showing promise for the resource utilization of shoe manufacturing waste (SMW). However, SMW is generally composed of different components, which can lead to unstable combustion and excessive pollutant emissions, especially NOx. To date, combustion characteristics, reaction mechanism and fuel nitrogen (fuel-N) conversion of different SMW components remain unclear. In this work, the combustion behavior of typical SMW components combustion was investigated using Thermogravimetric coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectrum (TG-FTIR). A simplified single-step reaction mechanism was proposed according to the temperature interval to estimate reaction mechanism of SMW. Additionally, the relationship between fuel-N conversion tendency and fuel properties was established. The results indicate that the values for the comprehensive combustion performance index (S) and flammability index (C) range from 1.65 to 0.44 and 3.98 to 1.37, respectively. This demonstrates the significant variability in combustion behavior among different SMW components. Cardboard, leather and sponge have higher values of S and C, suggesting a better ignition characteristic and a stable combustion process. During the combustion of SMW, nitrogen oxides (NO and N2O) are the main nitrogen-containing compounds in the flue gases, with NO being the major contributor, accounting for over 82.97 % of the nitrogen oxides. NO has a negative correlation with nitrogen content, but it is opposite for N2O, HCN and NH3. Furthermore, the conversion of NO, N2O and NH3 is proportional to logarithmic values of O/N, while its conversion to HCN is proportional to logarithmic values of VM/N. These findings facilitate the prediction of the fuel-N conversion of solid waste combustion. This work might shed light on combustion optimization and in-situ pollutant emission control in solid waste combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Yuanqiang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Everbright Greentech Management (Shenzhen) Ltd., Shenzhen 518066, China
| | - Quanbin Gu
- Wuxi Huaguang Environment & Energy Group Co. Ltd., Wuxi 214028, China
| | - Yueming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Zhenkun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Junhua Mao
- Wuxi Huaguang Environment & Energy Group Co. Ltd., Wuxi 214028, China
| | - Xiaodong Qian
- Everbright Greentech Management (Shenzhen) Ltd., Shenzhen 518066, China
| | - Lunbo Duan
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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Li J, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Wu J, Guo C, Jin Y, Wang Y. Effects of alkali and alkaline earth metals on co-combustion of sewage sludge and coal slime: Combustion characteristics, interactions, and kinetics. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120735. [PMID: 38537474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The co-combustion of sewage sludge (SS) and coal slime (CS) is a preferred method for their resource utilization, however, alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) in SS may affect the co-combustion process. In this work, the co-combustion behavior of AAEMs-rich SS and CS was investigated in terms of combustion characteristics, interactions, and combustion kinetics using a thermogravimetric analyzer. Further, the role of AAEMs in co-combustion was evaluated by loading Ca, K, Na, and Mg individually after pickling. The results revealed that co-combustion compensated for the limitations of the individual combustion processes, with SS reducing ignition and burnout temperatures and CS improving the comprehensive combustion characterization. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the effect of CS on co-combustion was more significant compared to SS. Significant synergies were observed in the weight loss phase of fixed carbon in the blends with 40%, 50%, and 60% CS ratios, where the peak temperature of fixed carbon combustion was reduced by 9.8 °C, 12.6 °C, and 13.1 °C, respectively, compared to the theoretical values. The effects of AAEMs on combustion were as follows: all AAEMs promoted the precipitation of volatiles except Ca, which showed inhibition of light volatiles; AAEMs had a significant catalytic effect on fixed carbon combustion. The improvement effect of AAEMs on the comprehensive combustion characteristics during co-combustion was Na > K > Mg > Ca. The catalytic effect of Na on fixed carbon was strongest at a loading of 5%, leading to a decrease in the apparent activation energy of fixed carbon combustion by 22.2 kJ/mol and a change in reactor order from n = 1 to n = 1.2 during co-combustion. This work provides a better understanding of the role of AAEMs in SS-CS co-combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingkuan Li
- School of Electric Power, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiao Wu
- School of Electric Power, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Congxiu Guo
- School of Electric Power, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Jin
- School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- School of Electric Power, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China.
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5
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Ding Z, Li W, Chen Z, Wang L, Huang S, Evrendilek F, Yang C, Cai H, Zhong S, Yang Z, Liu J. Microplastics as emerging contaminants in textile dyeing sludge: Their impacts on co-combustion/pyrolysis products, residual metals, and temperature dependency of emissions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133465. [PMID: 38246059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
As emerging contaminants in textile dyeing sludge (TDS), the presence and types of microplastics (MPs) inevitably influence the combustion and pyrolysis of TDS. Their effects on the co-combustion/pyrolysis emissions and residual metals of TDS remain poorly understood. This study aimed to quantify the impacts of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) on the transports and transformations of gaseous emissions and residual metals generated during the TDS combustion and pyrolysis in the air, oxy-fuel, and nitrogen atmospheres. Thermal degradation of the MPs in TDS occurred between 242-600 °C. MPs decomposed and interacted with the organic components of TDS to the extent that they increased the release of VOCs, dominated by oxygenated VOCs and hydrocarbons under the incineration and pyrolysis conditions, respectively. The presence of PE exerted a limited impact on the concentration and chemical form of metals, while PP reduced the residual amount of most metals due to the decomposition of mineral additives. Also, PP (with CaCO3 filler) reduced the acid-extractable content of cadmium, copper, and manganese in the bottom slag or coke but increased that of chromium. This study provides actionable insights into optimizing gas emissions, energy recovery, and ash reuse, thus reinforcing the pollution control strategies for both the MPs and TDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Ding
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weijie Li
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510535, China.
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Wang
- China Construction Fourth Engineering Division Corp, Ltd, China
| | - Shenzheng Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fatih Evrendilek
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- School of Guangdong University of Technology, Analysis and Test Center 51006, China
| | - Haiming Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sheng Zhong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zuoyi Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingyong Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Qu B, Liu C, Wang Y, Li A, Qu Y, Zhang YS, Ji G. Fast pyrolysis kinetics of waste tires and its products studied by a wireless-powered thermo-balance. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132494. [PMID: 37683345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Fast pyrolysis is commonly used in industrial reactors to convert waste tires into fine chemicals and fuels. However, current thermogravimetric analyzers are facing limitations that prevent the acquisition of kinetic information. To better understand the reaction kinetics, we designed a novel thermo-balance device that was capable of in-situ weight measurement during rapid heating. The results showed that the reaction rate substantially increased, with significant reductions in reaction time and apparent activation energy compared to slow pyrolysis. The change of reaction mechanism from the reaction order model to the nucleation and growth model was responsible for the increase in the degradation rate. Fast pyrolysis led to the generation of more trimers of isoprene as primary pyrolytic volatiles, which we further supported through density functional theory calculations. The findings suggested that fast pyrolysis has a higher chance of overcoming the high energy barrier to form trimers of isoprene. This comprehensive and in-depth understanding of fast pyrolysis kinetics and product distribution could reveal a more realistic process of waste pyrolysis, which benefited the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science & Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chuanqun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science & Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yinxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science & Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science & Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science & Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ye Shui Zhang
- School of Engineering, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK.
| | - Guozhao Ji
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science & Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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Lin Z, Liu J, Cai H, Evrendilek F, Zhu C, Liang F, Huang W, Li W, He C, Yang C, Yang Z, Zhong S, Xie W, He Y. Actionable insights into hazard mitigation of typical 3D printing waste via pyrolysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132414. [PMID: 37677970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
3D printing waste (3DPW) contains hazardous substances, such as photosensitizers and pigments, and may cause environmental pollution when improperly disposed of. Pyrolysis treatment can reduce hazards and turn waste into useful resources. This study coupled thermogravimetric (TG), TG-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and rapid pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis to evaluate the pyrolytic reaction mechanisms, products, and possible decomposition pathways of the three typical 3DPW of photosensitive resin waste (PRW), polyamide waste (PAW), and polycaprolactone waste (PCLW). The main degradation stages of the typical 3DPW occurred at 320-580 °C. The most appropriate reaction mechanisms of PRW, PAW and PCLW were D1, A1.2 and A1.5, respectively. The main pyrolysis processes were the decomposition of the complex organic polymers of PRW, the breaking of the NH-CH2 bond and dehydration of -CO-NH- of PAW, and the breaking and reorganization of the molecular chains of PCLW, mainly resulting in toluene (C7H8), undecylenitrile (C11H21N), tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O), respectively. Unlike the slow pyrolysis, the rapid pyrolysis produced volatiles consisting mainly of phenol, 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bis- (C15H16O2) for PRW; 1,10-dicyanodecane (C12H20N2) for PAW; and ɛ-caprolactone (C6H10O2) for PCLW. These pyrolysis products hold great potential for applications. The findings of the study offer actionable insights into the hazard reduction and resource recovery of 3D printing waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziting Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingyong Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Haiming Cai
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fatih Evrendilek
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Chuanghai Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fanjin Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenxiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Radioactive and Rare Scattered Minerals, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Mining Applications, Guangdong 512026, China
| | - Weixin Li
- Key Laboratory of Radioactive and Rare Scattered Minerals, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Mining Applications, Guangdong 512026, China
| | - Chao He
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- School of Analysis and Test Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zuoyi Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sheng Zhong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wuming Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yao He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Chen G, Liu T, Luan P, Li N, Sun Y, Tao J, Yan B, Cheng Z. Distribution, migration, and removal of N-containing products during polyurethane pyrolysis: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 453:131406. [PMID: 37084514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to the wide applications of polyurethane (PU), production is constantly increasing, accounting for 8% of produced plastics. PU has been regarded as the 6th most used polymer in the world. Improper disposal of waste PU will result in serious environmental consequences. The pyrolysis of polymers is one of the most commonly used disposal methods, but PU pyrolysis easily produces toxic and harmful nitrogen-containing substances due to its high nitrogen content. This paper reviews the decomposition pathways, kinetic characteristics, and migration of N-element by product distribution during PU pyrolysis. PU ester bonds break to produce isocyanates and alcohols or decarboxylate to produce primary amines, which are then further decomposed to MDI, MAI, and MDA. The nitrogenous products, including NH3, HCN, and benzene derivatives, are released by the breakage of C-C and C-N bonds. The N-element migration mechanism is concluded. Meanwhile, this paper reviews the removal of gaseous pollution from PU pyrolysis and discusses the removal mechanism in depth. Among the catalysts for pollutant removal, CaO has the most superior catalytic performance and can convert fuel-N to N2 by adsorption and dehydrogenation reactions. At the end of the review, new challenges for the utilization and high-quality recycling of PU are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Waste Utilization, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Energy of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastes Safe Disposal and Energy Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, PR China
| | - Tiecheng Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Pengpeng Luan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Waste Utilization, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Energy of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastes Safe Disposal and Energy Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yunan Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, PR China
| | - Junyu Tao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, PR China
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Waste Utilization, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Energy of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastes Safe Disposal and Energy Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhanjun Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Waste Utilization, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Energy of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastes Safe Disposal and Energy Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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9
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Han F, Yu L, Mo X, Zhang L, Jia J, Dong J, Gu S. Measurement and control of containing-fluorine particulate matter emission during spent pot lining combustion detoxification process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 447:130748. [PMID: 36669415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The particle size distribution (PSD), composition, morphology, and formation mechanism of particulate matter (PM) released from the combustion of spent pot lining with and without CaSiO3 were investigated. The results showed that NaF and Na3AlF6 were found to be the main compositions of PM, and the particle size distribution of PM shows a bimodal distribution. CaSiO3 substantially inhibited the emission of PM by transforming NaF, Na3AlF6, and CaF2 into stable Ca4Si2O7F2. Moreover, CaSiO3 also limited the formation of high hazardous PM0.2 by providing SiO2, Al2O3, and NaAlSiO4 with high melting points as the core of promoting the growth of PM in particle size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funian Han
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Liang Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Xinyun Mo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jiaqi Jia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jingmeng Dong
- College of Resources and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shaopeng Gu
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
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10
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Optimization of Briquette Fuels by Co-Torrefaction of Residual Biomass and Plastic Waste Using Response Surface Methodology. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062568. [PMID: 36985540 PMCID: PMC10051558 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining biomass, a clean and renewable energy source, with waste plastic, which serves as a good auxiliary fuel, can produce high-quality clean fuel. The performance of biomass-derived fuel can be improved by torrefaction. This study optimized the co-torrefaction of fungus bran and polypropylene (PP) waste plastic to obtain clean solid biofuel with high calorific value and low ash content (AC) using response surface methodology. Two sets of mixed biochars were investigated using a multiobjective optimization method: mass yield–higher heating value–ash content (MY-HHV-AC) and energy yield–ash content (EY-AC). PP increased the heat value, decreased AC, and acted as a binder. The optimal operating conditions regarding reaction temperature, reaction time, and PP blending ratio were 230.68 °C, 30 min, and 20%, respectively, for the MY-HHV-AC set and 220 °C, 30 min, 20%, respectively, for the EY-AC set. The MY-HHV-AC set had properties close to those of peat and lignite. Furthermore, compared with that of the pure biochar, the AC of the two sets decreased by 15.71% and 14.88%, respectively, indicating that the prepared mixed biochars served as ideal biofuels. Finally, a circular economy framework for biobriquette fuel was proposed and prospects for preparing pellets provided.
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11
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Costa-Gómez I, Suarez-Suarez M, Moreno JM, Moreno-Grau S, Negral L, Arroyo-Manzanares N, López-García I, Peñalver R. A novel application of thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry for polystyrene quantification in the PM 10 and PM 2.5 fractions of airborne microplastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159041. [PMID: 36174703 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have appeared as emerging pollutants due to the diverse applications of plastics in today's world. Growing evidence points to the negative impacts that airborne microplastics have on human health, as they can enter the human body through respiration. Our aim was to quantify polystyrene airborne microplastics in smaller fractions, thoracic (PM10) and alveolar (PM2.5), as they have scarcely been studied. In this work, we proposed a methodology based on thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectrometry that requires minimal sample preparation and does not limit particle size. We applied this methodology to quantify the airborne polystyrene in PM10 and PM2.5 fractions in mass units of microplastics per m3 of air in an urban and agricultural region during the summer of 2021. The mean concentrations of polystyrene found in the PM10 and PM2.5 fractions were 2.09 and 1.81 ng m-3, respectively. Therefore, the majority of airborne polystyrene microplastics are found in the alveolar fraction which, is associated with severe cardiopulmonary and respiratory diseases. According to air mass backward trajectories, it was noted that the main sources of these emerging pollutants could be related to local agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Costa-Gómez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Technical University of Cartagena, Dr. Fleming sn, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Mariel Suarez-Suarez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Technical University of Cartagena, Dr. Fleming sn, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - José María Moreno
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Technical University of Cartagena, Dr. Fleming sn, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Stella Moreno-Grau
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Technical University of Cartagena, Dr. Fleming sn, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - L Negral
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Technical University of Cartagena, Dr. Fleming sn, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Natalia Arroyo-Manzanares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ignacio López-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosa Peñalver
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
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12
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Wang Y, Jia L, Guo B, Shen X, Zheng X, Xiang J, Jin Y. Investigation of interaction mechanisms during co-combustion of sewage sludge and coal slime: Combustion characteristics and NO/SO 2 emission behavior. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158166. [PMID: 35988607 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Co-combustion of sewage sludge (SS) and coal slime (CS) is a promising method to achieve resource utilization of both solid wastes. However, the emission characteristics of NO/SO2 and the interaction mechanisms between SS and CS are unclear. In this paper, the co-combustion characteristics and NO/SO2 emission behavior of SS and CS were investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer and a tube furnace combustion system, and the interactions between SS and CS were explored. The results revealed the presence of remarkable interactions between SS and CS during the co-combustion. For the combustion characteristics, non-catalytic factors (interaction between volatiles and heat synergy) and catalytic factors (catalysis of inorganic components) controlled the combustion stage of the heavy volatiles and fixed carbon of the blends, respectively, leading to an earlier combustion process. For NO and SO2 emission characteristics, SS-CS co-combustion had significant NO in-situ reduction and self-desulphurization characteristics at 800 °C and 900 °C. The best inhibition occurred at 900 °C and 50 % CS ratio, and NO and SO2 emission amounts were reduced by 0.25 mg/g and 1.37 mg/g, respectively, compared to the theoretical values. At 1000 °C, co-combustion promoted the emissions of both NO and SO2. The interaction mechanisms suggested that the reducing atmosphere created and the reducing gases released by SS combustion promoted the reduction of CS-NO, while the char formed by CS exhibited a significant reduction of SS-NO. In addition, the effect of CS addition on the mass transfer process enhanced the sulfur fixation of inorganic components in SS, which led to the suppression of SO2 production. These findings provide a better understanding of the interactions between SS and CS during SS-CS co-combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Wang
- School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Jia
- School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Baihe Guo
- School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Shen
- School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Jun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Jin
- School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China.
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13
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Li J, Zheng D, Yao Z, Wang S, Xu R, Deng S, Chen B, Wang J. Formation Mechanism of Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons during Pyrolysis of Styrene Butadiene Rubber in Waste Passenger Car Tires. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:42890-42900. [PMID: 36467943 PMCID: PMC9713895 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The production of aromatic hydrocarbons from the waste tire pyrolysis attracts more and more attention because of its tremendous potential. Based on styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), which is the main rubber in the waste passenger car tires, this work studies the temperature influence on primary pyrolysis product distribution by experimental techniques (Py-GC/MS, TG-MS), and then, the formation mechanism of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) observed in the experiment was analyzed by first-principles calculations. The experimental results show that the MAHs during the pyrolysis mainly include styrene, toluene, and xylene, and subsequent calculations showed that these compounds were formed through a series of primary and secondary reactions. The formation pathways of these typical MAHs were studied via the reaction energy barrier analysis, respectively. It shows that the MAHs were not only derived from the benzene ring in the SBR chain but also generated from short-chain alkenes through the Diels-Alder reaction. The obtained pyrolysis reaction mechanism provides theoretical guidance for the regulation of the pyrolysis product distribution of MAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Li
- Institute
of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, State Key
Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Dahai Zheng
- Faculty
of Environment and Life, Beijing University
of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zihao Yao
- Institute
of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, State Key
Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Shixin Wang
- Institute
of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, State Key
Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Ruinian Xu
- Faculty
of Environment and Life, Beijing University
of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shengwei Deng
- Institute
of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, State Key
Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
- Ningbo
Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Biaohua Chen
- Faculty
of Environment and Life, Beijing University
of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Institute
of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, State Key
Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
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14
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Mao R, Shao J, Wang G, Wang F, Wang C. Thermal behavior and kinetics analysis of co-combustion of petroleum coke and paper sludge-derived hydrochar. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 153:405-414. [PMID: 36202049 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The co-combustion reactivity and kinetics of petroleum coke (PC) and paper sludge-derived hydrochar (PS) were investigated via thermogravimetric analysis. The physical and chemical structure features were also systematically tested. The results show that the combustion process of PS could be divided into three stages, while for PC only one stage could be clarified. Due to high volatile content, developed pore structure and low carbon-order degree, the combustion reactivity of PS was higher than that of PC. Although the ignition property of the blends could be significantly improved by addition of PS, it changed little for the burnout temperature and as a result the combustion intensity was deteriorated. For the samples with addition of PS from 20 % to 80 %, the comprehensive combustion index decreased from 3.69 × 10-15 to 2.12 × 10-15. The Kissinger AkahiraSunose model-free method was used in the co-combustion reaction of PC and PS, and good fitting results were obtained. For different samples with varying addition of PS, the activation energies were in the range of 107.51-198.44 kJ/mol, with the lowest value obtained at 20 % of PS, which was also the optimum proportion for co-combustion of PC and PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Mao
- Research Institute of Iron and Steel of Jiangsu Shasteel, Zhangjiagang 215625, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiugang Shao
- Research Institute of Iron and Steel of Jiangsu Shasteel, Zhangjiagang 215625, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangwei Wang
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Research Institute of Iron and Steel of Jiangsu Shasteel, Zhangjiagang 215625, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Swerim AB, SE-971 25 Lulea, Sweden; Material Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Tian L, Li R, Sun Y, Zou J, Liu S, Ma P, Tao H, Qing C, Li C, Yellezuome D, Cai J. Insight into derivative Weibull mixture model in describing simulated distributed activation energy model and distillers dried grains with solubles pyrolysis processes. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 153:219-228. [PMID: 36116216 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of biomass pyrolysis is fundamental for exploring its mechanisms and optimizing its processes, which is helpful for designing its systems. The derivative Weibull mixture model was proposed for kinetic description of the simulated distribution energy model (DAEM) processes and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) pyrolysis processes. The conversion rate data of these processes at different heating rates could be accurately described by the derivative Weibull mixture model. Moreover, the proposed model could effectively smooth the noises contained in the experimental conversion rate data of DDGS pyrolysis. The derivative Weibull mixture model separated DDGS pyrolysis reactions into several individual processes, and provided some data required for further isoconversional kinetic analysis. The predicted curves from the derivative Weibull mixture model allowed us to obtain the effective activation energies of DDGS pyrolysis, which varied significantly from 170 to 330 kJ mol-1 in the conversion range between 0.1 and 0.9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Tian
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ruotong Li
- Biomass Energy Engineering Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yilan Sun
- Biomass Energy Engineering Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianfeng Zou
- Biomass Energy Engineering Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shengyong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Peng Ma
- Research and Development Center of High Value Utilization of Biomass, Zhengzhou University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450044, China
| | - Hongge Tao
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chunyao Qing
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chong Li
- Biomass Energy Engineering Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dominic Yellezuome
- Biomass Energy Engineering Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Junmeng Cai
- Biomass Energy Engineering Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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16
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Nawaz A, Kumar P. Thermal degradation of hazardous 3-layered COVID-19 face mask through pyrolysis: Kinetic, thermodynamic, prediction modelling using ANN and volatile product characterization. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022; 139:104538. [PMID: 36193262 PMCID: PMC9518071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, wearing a 3-layered face mask (3LFM) to protect against coronavirus illness (COVID-19) has become commonplace, resulting in massive, hazardous solid waste. Since most of them are infected with viruses, a secure way of disposal is necessary to prevent further virus spread. Pyrolysis treatment has recently developed as an effective method for disposing of such hazardous waste and consequently converting them into energy products. In this regard, the goal of the present study is to physicochemically characterize the 3LFM followed by pyrolysis in a TGA to evaluate the pyrolysis performance, kinetic, and thermodynamic parameters and in a semi-batch reactor to characterize the volatile product. Furthermore, an artificial neural network (ANN) was used to forecast thermal deterioration data. The results demonstrated a strong correlation between real and anticipated values. The study proved the relevance of the ANN model and the applicability of pyrolysis for disposing of 3LFM while simultaneously producing energy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Nawaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
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17
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Shi X, Li J, Shang L, Wang S, Chen S, Liu J, Mei M, Xue Y, Wang T. Microplastics in dyeing sludge: Whether do they affect sludge incineration? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129394. [PMID: 35749899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), as emerging contaminant detected in dyeing sludge (DS), inevitably affected the subsequent treatment and disposal of DS. However, the effect of MPs on the predominant disposal path (incineration) of DS remains far from explicit. This study used thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-MS) method to explore the effect of representative MPs, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), on combustion characteristics, gas evolution and kinetics on DS combustion. Results showed that PET inhibited the whole combustion of DS by physical barrier. Relatively, PVC delayed the combustion of light volatile but promoted heavy volatile and char reaction due to HCl catalyst. Generally, MPs deteriorated the combustibility, burnout performance and combustion stability of DS. MPs aggravated HCl and gaseous N emissions. Noticeably, the interactions between DS and PVC accelerated the emissions of gaseous pollutants, especially under high dose condition. DAEM and FWO models could well describe the combustion kinetic of DS containing MPs. MPs led to an increase in activation energy of DS, namely, it deteriorated the combustion efficiency of DS. The combustion mechanisms could be divided into two stages: (1) diffusion (D3) stage: melted MPs blocked the gas channels, (2) chemical reaction (F3): the residual chars were thermally stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoao Shi
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Jinping Li
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Lingna Shang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Si Chen
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Jingxin Liu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Meng Mei
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Yongjie Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Teng Wang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China.
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18
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Chen Q, Xu F, Zong P, Song F, Wang B, Tian Y, Wu F, Zhao X, Qiao Y. Influence of CaO on the thermal kinetics and formation mechanism of high value-added products during waste tire pyrolysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129220. [PMID: 35739742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a lack of detailed research on the production of isoprene and D-limonene by solid base-catalysed thermal depolymerization of waste tires (WTs). This work aimed to investigate the thermal decomposition characteristics, reaction kinetics, high value-added products production and potential mechanisms during WT pyrolysis in the presence of calcium oxide (CaO) via Thermogravimetry-Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer (TG-FTIR) and Pyrolyzer-Gas Chromatography/Mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The results obtained from TG indicated that CaO accelerated depolymerization in terms of reducing the reaction temperature, which is also reflected in the kinetic parameters. It can be found that the content of D-limonene increased by 13.76% and that of isoprene increased by 37.57%, which were attributed to differences in the depolymerization mechanisms in the presence of CaO. Furthermore, CaO had a profound impact on desulfurization by reducing benzothiazole, sulfoacid, and thiophene. The potential catalytic mechanisms of isoprene and D-limonene production and desulfurization were also proposed. This work deepens the understanding of the catalytic pyrolysis of WT under CaO and unambiguously demonstrates the great potential of CaO in enhancing isoprene and D-limonene production, providing new insight for the cleaner production of high value-added products from WT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Fanfan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; Energy Engineering, Division of Energy Science, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 97187, Sweden.
| | - Peijie Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Fanhao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; Sinopec Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, China Petrochemical Corporation, Dalian 116045, China.
| | - Yuanyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center of High Carbon Low Carbonization, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yingyun Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center of High Carbon Low Carbonization, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
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19
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Sun Y, Zhang H, Zhang F, Tao J, Cheng Z, Yan B, Chen G. Pyrolysis properties and kinetics of photocured waste from photopolymerization-based 3D printing: A TG-FTIR/GC-MS study. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 150:151-160. [PMID: 35839750 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The emerging photopolymerization-based 3D printing industry has led to a growing concern for the disposal of photocured waste (PCW), which is inevitably generated during the life cycle of photopolymerization-based 3D printing. In order to shed light on suitable thermochemical treatment and utilization approaches of PCW, this work comprehensively investigated the properties and kinetics during PCW pyrolysis via TG-FTIR/GC-MS analysis. The results demonstrated that the main decomposition of PCW sample happened in the range 320-550 °C with a total weight loss of 93.34 wt%. According to the result of four kinetic models, the activation energy of PCW sample was approximately 228.58-245.05 kJ/mol. Finally, the FTIR and GC-MS results manifested that the main components of volatiles released at different heating rates were the same. The volatiles mainly include (S)-(+)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylprop, benzaldehyde, benzophenone (photo-initiator), benzoic acid, benzoylformic acid etc., which have a multitude of potential applications. However, these volatiles produced by PCW pyrolysis have a certain toxicity and potential hazard. This study demonstrates insightful fundamentals for thermochemical disposal of PCW, which appears to be potentially valuable with the rapid development of the photopolymerization-based 3D printing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Hongnan Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Junyu Tao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China.
| | - Zhanjun Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass Wastes Utilization/Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Bio Gas/Oil Technology, Tianjin 300072, China; Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastes Safe Disposal and Energy Utilization, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass Wastes Utilization/Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Bio Gas/Oil Technology, Tianjin 300072, China; Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastes Safe Disposal and Energy Utilization, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guanyi Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
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Zheng D, Cheng J, Dai C, Xu R, Wang X, Liu N, Wang N, Yu G, Chen B. Study of passenger-car-waste-tire pyrolysis: Behavior and mechanism under kinetical regime. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 148:71-82. [PMID: 35667238 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The pyrolysis of passenger-car-waste-tires (PCWT) has recently attracted widespread attention because it is a highly effective disposal method. However, a comprehensive understanding of real tire pyrolytic processes is limited owing to the complicated PCWT pyrolysis reaction system, particularly regarding the reaction mechanism. This study investigated the PCWT pyrolytic processes using a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with mass spectrometry and analyzed all the pyrolytic products using pyrolysis-gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The composition and distribution of the PCWT pyrolytic products were investigated under a kinetic regime to eliminate other influences on the intrinsic reaction. The pyrolytic products mainly consisted of chain and cyclic alkenes, and monocylic aromatics. Importantly, an integral pyrolytic mechanism network for the PCWT was established based on the pyrolysis of single rubbers (natural, styrene butadiene, and butadiene rubbers). The reaction routes for the main products were determined according to the mechanism. Moreover, a kinetic study of the PCWT pyrolysis revealed the activation energy for this complicated reaction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahai Zheng
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Chengna Dai
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Ruinian Xu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xingli Wang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Gangqiang Yu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Biaohua Chen
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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21
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Yuan Z, Luo J, Ndudi EA, Ma W, Zhu N, Lou Z. Systematic understanding of char-volatile evolution and interaction mechanism during sewage sludge pyrolysis through in-situ tracking solid-state reaction and products fate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128669. [PMID: 35349847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of sludge components and the heterogeneity of pyrolysis products make it challenging to trace char-volatile evolutions and interaction mechanisms during pyrolysis. Herein, we systematically dissected the solid-state reactions and volatile dynamic variations via in-situ infrared/mass spectral probes coupled signal amplification techniques. The identification of hidden reactions was further enhanced by comparing the discrepancies in the pyrolysis of three systems: raw sludge, sludge-extracted organics, and pseudo-components of organics. A three-stage sludge pyrolysis of bond cleavage (α = 0.2-0.5), intermediates diffusion (α = 0.5-0.7), and interface interaction (α = 0.7-0.8) was proposed through solid-state reaction tracing, and the pyrolysis reaction was found to be dominated by the first two stages. The generation of reactive intermediates accelerated the collision frequency between reactants, which increased the order of solid-state reactions and raised the energy barrier from 148 to 180-261-297 kJ/mol. The temperature-response sequence of the major pyrolysis volatiles was H2O/CO2/furans/alcohols (<250 °C), amine-N/acids/ketones/esters (250-350 °C), heterocyclic-N/phenols/C2-3 (300-400 °C), CH4/aromatics/nitrile-N (350-450 °C), and CO/HCN (>450 °C). The temperature-dependent evolution of these volatiles was consistent with the variations of chars in terms of pyrolysis behaviors, reaction models, and surface characteristics. The comprehensive understanding of the staged pyrolysis pathways and the char-volatile interaction mechanisms may provide critical information for pyrolysis procedure design and product targeted regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihang Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinming Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Efomah Andrew Ndudi
- Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300350 Tianjin, China
| | - Wenchao Ma
- Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300350 Tianjin, China
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ziyang Lou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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