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Ge Q, Liu Y, Liu P, Yang Z, Yang L, Liu Z, Li Z. Research on a harmless treatment method for oily sludge in coal chemical wastewater and the pollutant transformation mechanism of oily sludge during the treatment process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 478:135568. [PMID: 39178785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
This study developed an ultrasound synergistic subcritical hydrothermal treatment method (U-SHT) to address the challenges posed by the high oil and water content, complex composition, and hazardous nature of oily sludge (OS) generated during the pretreatment of coal chemical wastewater. The study investigated the efficiency of this method for the harmless disposal and resource recovery of OS, and the migration-transformation mechanism of hazardous organic pollutants in OS. The findings revealed that U-SHT achieved a removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand in OS of 91.16 %, an oil resource recovery efficiency of 96.60 %, and a residual oil rate of 0.28 %, meeting API emission standards. Further research indicated that the solubilizing effect of the surfactant on the oil enhanced the demulsifying effect of ultrasonic cavitation on the emulsified structure of OS, enabling ultrasound to efficiently release and disperse pollutants within OS. This promoted the decomposition and transformation of pollutants under subcritical hydrothermal conditions, with synergistic removal efficiencies for typical pollutants such as long-chain alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and phenols reaching 96.61 %, 97.63 %, and 97.76 %, respectively. Economic evaluation indicated that the cost of OS treatment was $29.66/m3, significantly lower than existing methods, demonstrating promising practical application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ge
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Pan Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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Zhang P, Xu X, Luo X. Degradation pathways and product formation mechanisms of asphaltene in supercritical water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 478:135488. [PMID: 39141937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Asphaltene is the compound with the most complex structure and the most difficult degradation in oily sludge, which is the key to limit the efficiency of supercritical water oxidation treatment of oily sludge. In this paper, the supercritical water oxidation process of asphaltene was investigated in terms of free radical reaction, degradation pathway, and product generation mechanism using ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulation method. The results showed that increasing temperature, increasing O2, and increasing H2O have different effects on HO2·generation. Benzene rings undergo fusion and condensation through hydrogenation abstraction and oxygen addition reactions, subsequently breaking down into long-chain alkanes. Increasing O2 can effectively promote the ring-opening of nitrogen-containing heterocycles. -COOH is the most important intermediate fragment for CO and CO2 generation, and there is a reaction competition with -CHO3 and -CO3. When the number of oxygen molecules increases from 300 to 700, the reaction frequency of -CHO3 and -CO3 to generate CO and CO2 increases by 17.14 % and 12.77 %·H2O determines the production of H2 by controlling the number of H·radicals present. As the amount of H2O increases from 500 to 1500, the product ratio of H2 increases from 12.73 % to 21.31 %. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: Asphaltene is the most structurally complex organic matter in oily sludge, and its presence makes it difficult for oily sludge to be completely degraded by conventional treatment methods such as pyrolysis and incineration. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represented by asphaltene increase the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of oily sludge, and even irreversibly pollute soil and groundwater. Supercritical water oxidation, as an efficient organic waste treatment technology, can realize harmlessness in a green and efficient way. So the study on the mechanism of supercritical water oxidation of asphaltene is of great significance for environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation Safety, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xinbao Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation Safety, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xiaoming Luo
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation Safety, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
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Yan J, Shao Z, Cheng W, Xu S, Wen Q, He Z, Liu D, Li J, Lu X. Homogenizing microwave pyrolysis of oily sludge using nano-Fe 3O 4: volatile gas product analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:4670-4681. [PMID: 37946552 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2283057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
To improve the homogeneity of heating, the magnetic absorbing material Fe3O4 is considered to use in microwave pyrolysis of oily sludge. Therefore, the effect of Fe3O4 on the microwave pyrolysis of oily sludge is investigated based on gas volatile products. Thermogravimetric mass spectrometry result certifies that Fe3O4 will increase the weight-loss ratio from 13.0% to 14.1%. Also, the characteristic peak intensity of CO in gas products decreases from 5.41 × 10-10 A/g to 1.95 × 10-10 A/g, while H2O increases from 3.57 × 10-10 A/g to 7.32 × 10-10 A/g and CO2 increases from 6.87 × 10-10 A/g to 8.92 × 10-10 A/g. This is caused by the esterification of alcohols and esters and the reduction of Fe3O4 by CO. Based on the decrease in activation energy and enthalpy values of Stage II and IV, it infers that Fe3O4 catalyzes the pyrolysis process of oily sludge to some extent. Similarly, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry results show that Fe3O4 can make the types of gas products increase. Especially, the number of molecular species increases from 5 to 46 under 200-300 °C. Finally, a simple molecular dynamics simulation model is conducted, and the results are in agreement with the experimental results. This study shows that Fe3O4 improves the pyrolysis homogeneity and the pyrolysis efficiency also improves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencai Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, People's Republic of China
- National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shipei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wen
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng He
- Human Resources Department of Petrochina Sichuan Marketing Company, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dujiang Liu
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangbo Li
- Shengli Oilfield Company Limited, SINOPEC, Dongying, People's Republic of China
| | - Xirui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, People's Republic of China
- National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, People's Republic of China
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, People's Republic of China
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Liu Z, Peng Z, Yi L, Wang L, Chen J, Chen B, Guo L. Thermodynamic Model for Hydrogen Production from Rice Straw Supercritical Water Gasification. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3038. [PMID: 38930407 PMCID: PMC11206053 DOI: 10.3390/ma17123038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) technology is highly promising for its ability to cleanly and efficiently convert biomass to hydrogen. This paper developed a model for the gasification of rice straw in supercritical water (SCW) to predict the direction and limit of the reaction based on the Gibbs free energy minimization principle. The equilibrium distribution of rice straw gasification products was analyzed under a wide range of parameters including temperatures of 400-1200 °C, pressures of 20-50 MPa, and rice straw concentrations of 5-40 wt%. Coke may not be produced due to the excellent properties of supercritical water under thermodynamic constraints. Higher temperatures, lower pressures, and biomass concentrations facilitated the movement of the chemical equilibrium towards hydrogen production. The hydrogen yield was 47.17 mol/kg at a temperature of 650 °C, a pressure of 25 MPa, and a rice straw concentration of 5 wt%. Meanwhile, there is an absorptive process in the rice straw SCWG process for high-calorific value hydrogen production. Energy self-sufficiency of the SCWG process can be maintained by adding small amounts of oxygen (ER < 0.2). This work would be of great value in guiding rice straw SCWG experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (SKLMF), Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an 710049, China; (Z.L.); (B.C.)
- International Institute for Innovation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; (L.Y.); (L.W.)
| | - Zhiyong Peng
- International Institute for Innovation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; (L.Y.); (L.W.)
| | - Lei Yi
- International Institute for Innovation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; (L.Y.); (L.W.)
| | - Le Wang
- International Institute for Innovation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; (L.Y.); (L.W.)
| | - Jingwei Chen
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
| | - Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (SKLMF), Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an 710049, China; (Z.L.); (B.C.)
- International Institute for Innovation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; (L.Y.); (L.W.)
| | - Liejin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (SKLMF), Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an 710049, China; (Z.L.); (B.C.)
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Huang J, Wang W, Zheng Z, Zhang D, Feng C, Qiao Y. Chemical speciation and environmental risk assessment of heavy metals in ash from smouldering combustion of oily sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:124003. [PMID: 38641037 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Smouldering combustion of oily sludge (OS) was carried out to learn the characteristics of heavy metals (HMs) in ash products. Ash collected from four different height layers of the column reactor was analysed for the chemical speciation and environmental risk of six HMs, including Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb. The results showed that after smouldering combustion, only 21.3-32.2 % of the total HMs was remained in the ash products. The retention of HMs in ash was closely relevant to the carbonaceous destruction efficiency of OS. Smouldering combustion led to the decrease of HMs in acid-soluble/exchangeable fraction from 21.5-49.3 to 0.8-19.8% and oxidizable fraction from 22.6-49.6 to 5.3-21.3, and the increase of reducible fraction from 13.6-38.0 to 30.5-89.1% and residue fraction from 7.8-27.3 to 24.1-63.6%. Upward migration of HMs during smouldering was evidenced by their occurrence in the top clean sand layer, which was dominated in acid-soluble/exchangeable and reducible fractions, accounting for 89.7-99.1% in total. Toxicity extraction and environmental risk studies indicated that smouldering combustion would effectively reduce the toxicity and pollution risk of HMs; however, attention should be paid to the disposal of the top sand layer after smouldering operation due to its high pollution risk of HMs according to the evaluation of Risk assessment code.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zihan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Dongyan Zhang
- Civil Engineering and Water Resources Institute, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, China
| | - Chao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yu Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Chen H, Wang X, Liang H, Chen B, Liu Y, Ma Z, Wang Z. Characterization and treatment of oily sludge: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123245. [PMID: 38160778 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Oily sludge is a prevalent hazardous waste generated in the petroleum industry, and effectively treating it remains a key challenge for the petroleum and petrochemical sectors. This paper provides an introduction to the origin, properties, and hazards of oil sludge while summarizing various treatment methods focused on reduction, recycling, and harmlessness. These methods include combustion, stabilization/solidification, oxidation and biodegradation techniques, solvent extraction, centrifugation, surfactant-enhanced oil recovery processes as well as freezing-thawing procedures. Additionally discussed are pyrolysis, microwave radiation applications along with electrokinetic method utilization for oily sludge treatment. Furthermore explored are ultrasonic radiation techniques and froth flotation approaches. These technologies have been thoroughly examined through discussions that analyze their process principles while considering influencing factors as well as advantages and disadvantages associated with each method. Based on the characteristics of oily sludge properties and treatment requirements, a selection methodology for choosing appropriate oily sludge treatment technology is proposed in this study. The development direction of processing technology has also been explored to provide guidance aimed at improving efficiency by optimizing existing processing technologies. The paper presents a comprehensive treatment method for oily sludge, ensuring that all the parameters meet the standard requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Chen
- Machinery Institute of Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Machinery Institute of Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China
| | - Hongbao Liang
- Machinery Institute of Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China.
| | - Bo Chen
- Machinery Institute of Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Machinery Institute of Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China
| | - Zhanheng Ma
- Petroleum Survey and Design Institute of Jilin Oilfield Company, Songyuan, 138000, China
| | - Zhongbao Wang
- Petroleum Survey and Design Institute of Jilin Oilfield Company, Songyuan, 138000, China
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Zandifar A, Esmaeilzadeh F, Rodríguez-Mirasol J. Hydrogen-rich gas production via supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of oily sludge over waste tire-derived activated carbon impregnated with Ni: Characterization and optimization of activated carbon production. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123078. [PMID: 38052340 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the production of activated carbon (AC) through the chemical activation of waste tire (WT) using H3PO4 and KOH for H2 production by SCWG of oily sludge (OS) donated by Persian Gulf Star Oil Company was investigated. H3PO4 was the best activating agent based on some pretests results, and then the synthesis of AC was optimized using Response Surface Methodology. Based on BET surface area of synthesized ACs, thirty combinations of the four variables namely; activation temperature (350-550 °C); activation time (1-4 h); H3PO4 to WT ratio (1-3 w.w-1); and H3PO4 concentration (20-40 wt%) were optimized. CHNS, TGA, FE-SEM, and EDS-mapping analyses were used to characterize the AC and catalyst synthesized in optimum condition (activation temperature: 450 °C; activation time: 2.5 h; H3PO4 to WT ratio: 2 w.w-1; and H3PO4 concentration: 40 wt%), which presented a surface area of 170 m2 g-1. Finally, Ni was impregnated on the optimized AC with different loadings (5-15 wt%) to evaluate its performance in H2 production by SCWG of OS. Although H2 yield in catalytic experiments was higher than that observed in non-catalytic experiment, results showed that the maximum H2 selectivity was 66% in SCWG of OS using AC impregnated with 10 wt% Ni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zandifar
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Feridun Esmaeilzadeh
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery Institute, Advanced Research Group for Gas Condensate Recovery, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - José Rodríguez-Mirasol
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010, Málaga, Spain
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Yabalak E, Aminzai MT, Gizir AM, Yang Y. A Review: Subcritical Water Extraction of Organic Pollutants from Environmental Matrices. Molecules 2024; 29:258. [PMID: 38202840 PMCID: PMC10780272 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Most organic pollutants are serious environmental concerns globally due to their resistance to biological, chemical, and photolytic degradation. The vast array of uses of organic compounds in daily life causes a massive annual release of these substances into the air, water, and soil. Typical examples of these substances include pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Since they are persistent and hazardous in the environment, as well as bio-accumulative, sensitive and efficient extraction and detection techniques are required to estimate the level of pollution and assess the ecological consequences. A wide variety of extraction methods, including pressurized liquid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and subcritical water extraction, have been recently used for the extraction of organic pollutants from the environment. However, subcritical water has proven to be the most effective approach for the extraction of a wide range of organic pollutants from the environment. In this review article, we provide a brief overview of the subcritical water extraction technique and its application to the extraction of PAHs, PCBs, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and others form environmental matrices. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the influence of key extraction parameters, such as extraction time, pressure, and temperature, on extraction efficiency and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Yabalak
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Mersin University, TR-33343 Mersin, Türkiye
| | - Mohammad Tahir Aminzai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kabul University, Kabul 1006, Afghanistan;
| | - Ahmet Murat Gizir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mersin University, TR-33343 Mersin, Türkiye;
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
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Li L, Li X, Cao W. An experimental and thermodynamic equilibrium investigation of heavy metals transformation in supercritical water gasification of oily sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119365. [PMID: 37862888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) is an advanced and highly efficient method for treating oily sludge. However, it is crucial to consider the transformation characteristics of heavy metals (HMs) during the SCWG process to prevent potential secondary pollution. This work studied the transformation and distribution characteristics of Cu, Cr and Zn after SCWG of oily sludge in a batch reactor at temperatures ranging from 550 to 700 °C. Additionally, thermodynamic equilibrium analysis was conducted to assess the distribution of HMs based on the minimization of Gibbs free energy. Experimental results indicated that higher temperatures led to the conversion of HMs into more stable forms, effectively immobilizing them within solid products. Furthermore, the addition of Na2CO3 enhanced this process and contributed to a reduction in HMs pollution in the effluent. Thermodynamic equilibrium results were consistent with our experimental data, indicating that the molar fraction of stable HMs forms followed the order: Cr > Cu > Zn. Besides, it is worth noting that Na2CO3 had a limited impact on the distribution of Cu and Cr. However, it played a significant role in inhibiting the formation of silicate Zn at lower temperatures, promoting the decomposition of ZnO*Al2O3 into unstable Zn. This may explain the higher presence of unstable Zn when Na2CO3 was introduced. In summary, this study offers valuable insights into the transformation characteristics of heavy metals and strategies for pollution control during SCWG of oily sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhu Li
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Xujun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Wen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Suzhou Academy of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.99 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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Zhao Z, Zhai X, Shao W, Bo H, Xu L, Guo H, Zhang M, Qiao W. Activation of peroxymonosulfate by biochar-supported Fe 3O 4 derived from oily sludge to enhance the oxidative degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 347:119187. [PMID: 37804632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon materials used for catalysis in advanced oxidation processes tend to be obtained from cheap and readily available raw materials. We constructed a carbon material, OSC@Fe3O4, by loading Fe3O4 onto the pyrolyzed hazardous waste oily sludge. OSC@Fe3O4 was then used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the removal of tetracycline hydrochloride (TTCH) from water. At 298 K, 0.2 g⋅L-1 of catalyst and 0.3 g⋅L-1 of PMS, the reaction rate constant of the OSC@I-2/PMS system reached 0.079 min-1, with a TTCH removal efficiency of 92.6%. The degradation efficiency of TTCH remained at 81% after five cycles. The specific surface area and pore volume of OSC@I-2 were 263.9 m2⋅g-1 and 0.42 cm3⋅g-1, respectively, which improved the porous structure of the carbon material and provided more active points, thus improving the catalytic performance. N and S were doped into the oily sludge carbon due to the presence of N- and S-containing compounds in the raw oily sludge. N and S doping led to more electron-rich sites with higher negative charges in OSC@I-2 and gave the oily sludge carbon a higher affinity to PMS, thereby promoting its ability to activate PMS. Sulfate radicals (SO4•‾) played a dominant role in the degradation of TTCH, with demethylation and the breaking of double bonds being a possible degradation pathway. A biotoxicity test showed that the microbial toxicity of the degradation intermediates was significantly reduced. This work provides a strategy for the application of PMS-based catalysts derived from waste carbon resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqing Zhao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Weizhen Shao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Hongqing Bo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lijie Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - He Guo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Weichuan Qiao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Ferreira C, Moreira MM, Delerue-Matos C, Sarraguça M. Subcritical Water Extraction to Valorize Grape Biomass-A Step Closer to Circular Economy. Molecules 2023; 28:7538. [PMID: 38005259 PMCID: PMC10673199 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increase in the world population, the overexploitation of the planet's natural resources is becoming a worldwide concern. Changes in the way humankind thinks about production and consumption must be undertaken to protect our planet and our way of living. For this change to occur, sustainable development together with a circular economic approach and responsible consumption are key points. Agriculture activities are responsible for more than 10% of the greenhouse gas emissions; moreover, by 2050, it is expected that food production will increase by 60%. The valorization of food waste is therefore of high importance to decrease the environmental footprint of agricultural activities. Fruits and vegetables are wildly consumed worldwide, and grapes are one of the main producers of greenhouse gases. Grape biomass is rich in bioactive compounds that can be used for the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, and their extraction from this food residue has been the target of several studies. Among the extraction techniques used for the recovery of bioactive compounds from food waste, subcritical water extraction (SWE) has been the least explored. SWE has several advantages over other extraction techniques such as microwave and ultrasound extraction, allowing high yields with the use of only water as the solvent. Therefore, it can be considered a green extraction method following two of the principles of green chemistry: the use of less hazardous synthesis (principle number 3) and the use of safer solvents and auxiliaries (principle number 5). In addition, two of the green extraction principles for natural products are also followed: the use of alternative solvents or water (principle number 2) and the use of a reduced, robust, controlled and safe unit operation (principle number 5). This review is an overview of the extraction process using the SWE of grape biomass in a perspective of the circular economy through valorization of the bioactive compounds extracted. Future perspectives applied to the SWE are also discussed, as well as its ability to be a green extraction technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Manuela M. Moreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.M.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.M.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Mafalda Sarraguça
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
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Wu S, Wang Q, Fang M, Wu D, Cui D, Pan S, Bai J, Xu F, Wang Z. Hydrothermal carbonization of food waste for sustainable biofuel production: Advancements, challenges, and future prospects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:165327. [PMID: 37419347 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
With the improvement of living standards, food waste (FW) has become one of the most important organic solid wastes worldwide. Owing to the high moisture content of FW, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) technology that can directly utilize the moisture in FW as the reaction medium, is widely used. Under mild reaction conditions and short treatment cycle, this technology can effectively and stably convert high-moisture FW into environmentally friendly hydrochar fuel. In view of the importance of this topic, this study comprehensively reviews the research progress of HTC of FW for biofuel synthesis, and critically summarizes the process parameters, carbonization mechanism, and clean applications. Physicochemical properties and micromorphological evolution of hydrochar, hydrothermal chemical reactions of each model component, and potential risks of hydrochar as a fuel are highlighted. Furthermore, carbonization mechanism of the HTC treatment process of FW and the granulation mechanism of hydrochar are systematically reviewed. Finally, potential risks and knowledge gaps in the synthesis of hydrochar from FW are presented and new coupling technologies are pointed out, highlighting the challenges and prospects of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China.
| | - Minghui Fang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Dongyang Wu
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Da Cui
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Shuo Pan
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jingru Bai
- Engineering Research Centre of Oil Shale Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, PR China
| | - Faxing Xu
- Jilin Dongfei Solid Waste Research Institute, Jilin 132200, Jilin, PR China; Jilin Feite Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Jilin 132200, Jilin, PR China
| | - Zhenye Wang
- Jilin Dongfei Solid Waste Research Institute, Jilin 132200, Jilin, PR China; Jilin Feite Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Jilin 132200, Jilin, PR China
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13
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Nie SQ, Chen MQ, Li QH. Evaluation on hydrothermal gasification of styrene-butadiene rubber with oxidants via ReaxFF-MD simulation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 171:195-206. [PMID: 37660632 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is widely used in tires, which brings great challenge to the disposal and reclaiming of the used tires. The ring-opening reaction pathways of benzene rings in hydrothermal gasification of styrene-butadiene rubber were revealed based on reactive force field molecular dynamics (ReaxFF-MD) simulation. H-abstraction reaction that OH radicals capture H atom from the vinyl group of styrene was critical to the degrading of the styrene monomers. The energy barrier of H2O2 converted to OH radicals was lower than that of O2 and pure water converted to OH radicals. The oxidants that can urge OH radical formed in reaction were beneficial to SBR degradation, which could be assigned to confirm that SBR degradation with H2O2 was better than that with oxygen at the same concentration. The addition of oxidant could be helpful for decreasing the degradation temperature of styrene monomers. At oxidant equivalent ratio (ER) of 0.1, H2 yield at 2500 K lifted after 135 ps and increased by 75% at 500 ps compared with that without oxidants. According to the chemical equilibrium analysis, the optimal ER for H2 was 0.4 between 350 and 600 °C (real temperatures). The results could provide theoretic support and experiment guidance for adding oxidants in reclaiming waste rubber products.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Q Nie
- Institute of Thermal Engineering, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Flow and Heat Transfer of Phase Changing in Micro and Small Scale, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - M Q Chen
- Institute of Thermal Engineering, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Flow and Heat Transfer of Phase Changing in Micro and Small Scale, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Q H Li
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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14
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Pang Z, Wang Q, Tian C, Chen J. Study on Hydrothermal Cracking of Heavy Oil under the Coexisting Conditions of Supercritical Water and Non-condensate Gas. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:18029-18040. [PMID: 37251137 PMCID: PMC10210184 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study looked at the effects of temperature, water-oil ratio, and the addition of non-condensable gas on the thermal cracking of extra-heavy oil in the lab. The goal was to learn more about the properties and reaction rates of deep extra-heavy oil under supercritical water conditions, which are not well understood. The changes in the composition of the extra-heavy oil were analyzed with and without the presence of non-condensable gas. The reaction kinetics of the thermal cracking of extra-heavy oil were quantitatively characterized and compared between the two conditions of supercritical water alone and supercritical water mixed with non-condensable gas. The results showed that (1) under supercritical water conditions, the extra-heavy oil underwent significant thermal cracking, which led to a significant increase in the amount of light components, the release of CH4, and the formation of a new component, coke, which led to a noticeable decrease in the viscosity of the oil; (2) increasing the water-oil ratio could promote the thermal cracking of extra-heavy oil and led to a significant decrease in oil viscosity, indicating a more complete thermal cracking reaction. Moreover, increasing the water-oil ratio was found to facilitate the flowability of the cracked oil; (3) the addition of non-condensable gas intensified the conversion of coke but inhibited and slowed down the thermal cracking of asphaltene, which is detrimental to the thermal cracking of extra-heavy oil; and (4) the kinetic analysis showed that the addition of non-condensable gas resulted in a decrease in the thermal cracking rate of asphaltene, which is detrimental to the thermal cracking of heavy oil.
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Wang G, Li J, Li X, Kou J, Ge Z, Li L, Peng P, Guo L. Experimental study on supercritical water gasification of oily sludge using a continuous two-step method. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131619. [PMID: 37207484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) technology can convert oily sludge into hydrogen-rich gas. To achieve high gasification efficiency of oily sludge with a high oil concentration under mild conditions, a two-step method involving a desorption process and a catalytic gasification process using Raney-Ni catalyst was investigated. High oil removal efficiency (99.57%) and carbon gasification efficiency (93.87%) were achieved. The lowest wastewater total organic carbon, oil content, and carbon content in the solid residues were 4.88 ppm, 0.08% and 0.88%, respectively, using a gasification temperature of 600 °C, treatment concentration of 1.11 wt%, gasification time of 70.7 s, and the optimal desorption temperature of 390 °C. The main organic carbon component in the solid residues was cellulose, which is environmentally safe. As the treatment concentration increased, the two-step method outperformed the single-step method. The mechanism for the two-step SCWG of oily sludge was revealed. In the first step, supercritical water is used in the desorption unit to achieve a high oil removal efficiency with few liquid products generated. In the second step, the Raney-Ni catalyst promotes efficient gasification of high-concentration oil at a low temperature. This research provides valuable insights into the effective SCWG of oily sludge at a low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jiasunle Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xujun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jiajing Kou
- School of Vehicles and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Zhiwei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Linhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Pai Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Liejin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China.
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16
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Duan Y, Gao N, Quan C. Integration of hydrothermal and pyrolysis for oily sludge treatment: A novel collaborative process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 449:131005. [PMID: 36801709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, hydrothermal treatment and in situ pyrolysis were combined to develop a novel collaborative process (HCP treatment method). In a self-designed reactor, the HCP method was used to study the influences of hydrothermal temperature and pyrolysis temperature on the product distribution of OS. The products from the HCP treatment of OS were compared with that from the traditional pyrolysis. In addition, the energy balance in the different processes of treatment was analyzed. The results showed that compared to the traditional pyrolysis method, the gas products obtained after HCP treatment achieve a higher H2 production. As the hydrothermal temperature raising from 160 to 200 °C, the H2 production showed an increase from 4.14 to 9.83 ml/g. In addition, GC-MS analysis showed that the content of olefins from the HCP treatment oil was increased from 1.92% to 6.01% compared to traditional pyrolysis. Energy consumption analysis showed that only 55.39% energy consumption of traditional pyrolysis is required for treating 1 kg OS by employing the HCP treatment at 500 °C. All results indicated that the HCP treatment is a clean production process of OS with low energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Duan
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Recycling and Resource, Recovery, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ningbo Gao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Recycling and Resource, Recovery, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Cui Quan
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Recycling and Resource, Recovery, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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17
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Huang H, Li Z, Ma Y, Yao M, Yao S, Zhang Z, Qin C. High-performance arabinoglucuronoxylan-based biosurfactants for oily sludge separation. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 303:120461. [PMID: 36657858 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Arabinoglucuronoxylan (AGX), an important carbohydrate polymer in lignocellulosic biomass, contains many functional groups. It has excellent amphiphilic modification properties and has potential application in the separation of oily sludge. In this study, a simple strategy for producing high-performance AGX-based biosurfactants was studied and the raw AGX was extracted from bamboo by hydrothermal treatment. AGX-based biosurfactants with amphiphilic structure were produced by AGX and dodecanal succinic anhydride (DDSA) using rapid homogeneous esterification reactions in deep eutectic solvents (DES). This resulted in a significant reduction in the surface tension of the water from 72.32 to 29.76 mN·m-1. These parameters are similar to those achieved using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), a widely employed synthetic surfactant. Other physicochemical properties, including foamability, emulsification activity, stability, solubilization, and detergency were significantly improved compared to the unmodified AGX, demonstrate that AGX-based biosurfactants are promising detergents for oily sludge remediation and oil recovery. The results provide a new pathway for high value utilization of arabinoglucuronoxylan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Zhihan Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomass Fiber Functional Materials, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, PR China
| | - Yun Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Mingzhu Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Shuangquan Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Chengrong Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
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Fabrication of Superhydrophobic/Superoleophilic Bamboo Cellulose Foam for Oil/Water Separation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235162. [PMID: 36501555 PMCID: PMC9739291 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Water is an indispensable strategic resource for biological and social development. The problem of oily wastewater pollution originating from oil spillages, industrial discharge and domestic oil pollution has become an extremely serious international challenge. At present, numerous superwetting materials have been applied to effectively separate oil and water. However, most of these materials are difficult to scale and their large-scale application is limited by cost and environmental protection. Herein, a simple, environmentally friendly strategy including sol-gel, freeze-drying and surface hydrophobic modification is presented to fabricate a bamboo cellulose foam with special wetting characteristics. The bamboo cellulose foam is superhydrophobic, with a water contact angle of 160°, and it has the superoleophilic property of instantaneous oil absorption. Owing to the synergistic effect of the three-dimensional network structure of the superhydrophobic bamboo cellulose foam and its hydrophobic composition, it has an excellent oil-absorption performance of 11.5 g/g~37.5 g/g for various types of oil, as well as good recyclability, with an oil (1,2-dichloroethane) absorption capacity of up to 31.5 g/g after 10 cycles. In addition, the prepared cellulose-based foam exhibits an outstanding performance in terms of acid and alkali corrosion resistance. Importantly, owing to bamboo cellulose being a biodegradable, low-cost, natural polymer material that can be easily modified, superhydrophobic/superoleophilic bamboo cellulose foam has great application potential in the field of oily wastewater treatment.
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Trend in Research on Characterization, Environmental Impacts and Treatment of Oily Sludge: A Systematic Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227795. [PMID: 36431896 PMCID: PMC9695482 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oily sludge is a hazardous material generated from the petroleum industry that has attracted increasing research interest. Although several review articles have dealt with specific subtopics focusing on the treatment of oily sludge based on selected references, no attempt has been made to demonstrate the research trend of oily sludge comprehensively and quantitatively. This study conducted a systematic review to analyze and evaluate all oily sludge-related journal articles retrieved from the Web of Science database. The results show that an increase in oily sludge-related research did not take place until recent years and the distribution of the researchers is geographically out of balance. Most oily sludge-related articles focused on treatment for harmfulness reduction or valorization with limited coverage of formation, characterization, and environmental impact assessment of oily sludge. Pyrolytic treatment has attracted increasing research attention in recent years. So far, the research findings have been largely based on laboratory-scale experiments with insufficient consideration of the cost-effectiveness of the proposed treatment methods. Although many methods have been proposed, few alone could satisfactorily achieve cost-effective treatment goals. To enable sustainable management of oily sludge on a global scale, efforts need to be made to fund more research projects, especially in the major oil-producing countries. Pilot-scale experiments using readily available and affordable materials should be encouraged for practical purposes. This will allow a sensible cost-benefit analysis of a proposed method/procedure for oily sludge treatment. To improve the treatment performance, combined methods are more desirable. To inform the smart selection of methods for the treatment of different oily sludge types, it is suggested to develop universally accepted evaluation systems for characterization and environmental risk of oily sludge.
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Song Y, Liang H, Ma J, Wang X, Li Z, You J, Wang S. Probing the separation mechanism of solid-liquid components in oily sludge and sludge containing polymers for a harmless treatment process of sludge. RSC Adv 2022; 12:29543-29553. [PMID: 36320722 PMCID: PMC9574647 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03770j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the compositions of oily sludge and sludge containing polymers were analyzed. Sludge was separated preliminarily by conditioning centrifugal technology, whereby the temperature of the centrifugal process and the amount of oil/water separating agent were optimized. Thermal decomposition technology was combined in order to achieve the efficient treatment of sludge. The results showed that the compositions of oily sludge and sludge containing polymers were complex. Therefore, they could not meet the requirements of environmental protection only by conditioning centrifugal technology. After optimization, the best conditioning centrifugal temperature was 70 °C and the content of the oil/water separating agent was 2%. The high efficiency treatment of oily sludge and sludge containing polymers could be realized by combining conditioning centrifugal technology with the thermal decomposition technology. It is found that the sludge could meet the requirements of environmental protection after this combined treatment. This technology has strong adaptability to different types of oilfield sludge. This work is of great significance for the efficient treatment of oily sludge and sludge containing polymers and for environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University Daqing Heilongjiang 163318 PR China
- The No. 1 Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Co., Ltd, . Daqing Heilongjiang 163000 PR China
| | - Hongbao Liang
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University Daqing Heilongjiang 163318 PR China
| | - Jun Ma
- Daqing Oilfield Design Institute Co., Ltd. Daqing Heilongjiang 163712 PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University Daqing Heilongjiang 163318 PR China
| | - Zihao Li
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University Daqing Heilongjiang 163318 PR China
| | - Jianmeng You
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University Daqing Heilongjiang 163318 PR China
| | - Shuzhan Wang
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University Daqing Heilongjiang 163318 PR China
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Synergistic Preparation of Sludge Carbon from Oily Sludge and Walnut Shells. Int J Anal Chem 2022; 2022:6734039. [PMID: 36032805 PMCID: PMC9410980 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6734039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The preparation process of synergistic preparation of sludge carbon by oily sludge and walnut shells are divided into two stages: carbonization preparation of a carbon precursor and activation preparation of sludge carbon. The preparation conditions of the carbon precursor are 2.5:1 mass ratio of oily sludge and walnut shells, carbonization temperature is 450°C, and time is 2 h. There are some pores on the surface of the prepared carbon precursor, the heavy metal content of leachate does not exceed the standard, and the use process will not cause heavy metal pollution. Intensive research is carried out on factors affecting the preparation of sludge carbon by activation of the carbon precursor by the orthogonal experiment and single-factor experiment. The optimal activation conditions are determined by using ZnCl2 as an activator, mass ratio of the carbon precursor to ZnCl2 is 1:4, activation temperature is 800°C, heating rate is 15°C/min, and activation holding time is 1 h. The surface of sludge carbon is distributed with many pores, several layers of small pores can be seen deeply in the large holes, and pore size distribution is dominated by micropores and mesopores. BET Specific surface area, pore volume, average pore, and iodine value are 1772.69 m2/g, 1.98 cm3/g, 1.64 nm, and 1011.65 mg/g, respectively, which surpasses commercially available activated carbon comprehensively.
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