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Duan M, Liu H, Xu S, Yang Z, Zhang F, Wang G, Wang Y, Zhao S, Jiang X. IGF2BPs as novel m 6A readers: Diverse roles in regulating cancer cell biological functions, hypoxia adaptation, metabolism, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Genes Dis 2024; 11:890-920. [PMID: 37692485 PMCID: PMC10491980 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
m6A methylation is the most frequent modification of mRNA in eukaryotes and plays a crucial role in cancer progression by regulating biological functions. Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BP) are newly identified m6A 'readers'. They belong to a family of RNA-binding proteins, which bind to the m6A sites on different RNA sequences and stabilize them to promote cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which different upstream factors regulate IGF2BP in cancer. The current literature analyzed here reveals that the IGF2BP family proteins promote cancer cell proliferation, survival, and chemoresistance, inhibit apoptosis, and are also associated with cancer glycolysis, angiogenesis, and the immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, with the discovery of their role as 'readers' of m6A and the characteristic re-expression of IGF2BPs in cancers, it is important to elucidate their mechanism of action in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We also describe in detail the regulatory and interaction network of the IGF2BP family in downstream target RNAs and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as recent advances in IGF2BP biology and associated therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Shasha Xu
- Department of Gastroendoscopy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Fusheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Yutian Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
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2
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Sun L, Chen X, Zhu S, Wang J, Diao S, Liu J, Xu J, Li X, Sun Y, Huang C, Meng X, Lv X, Li J. Decoding m 6A mRNA methylation by reader proteins in liver diseases. Genes Dis 2024; 11:711-726. [PMID: 37692496 PMCID: PMC10491919 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a dynamic and reversible epigenetic regulation. As the most prevalent internal post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotic RNA, it participates in the regulation of gene expression through various mechanisms, such as mRNA splicing, nuclear export, localization, translation efficiency, mRNA stability, and structural transformation. The involvement of m6A in the regulation of gene expression depends on the specific recognition of m6A-modified RNA by reader proteins. In the pathogenesis and treatment of liver disease, studies have found that the expression levels of key genes that promote or inhibit the development of liver disease are regulated by m6A modification, in which abnormal expression of reader proteins determines the fate of these gene transcripts. In this review, we introduce m6A readers, summarize the recognition and regulatory mechanisms of m6A readers on mRNA, and focus on the biological functions and mechanisms of m6A readers in liver cancer, viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hepatic fibrosis (HF), acute liver injury (ALI), and other liver diseases. This information is expected to be of high value to researchers deciphering the links between m6A readers and human liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Sun
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Sai Zhu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Shaoxi Diao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jinjin Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yingyin Sun
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaoming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
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Wang P, Wang X, He D, Zhuang C. LncRNA AK142643 promotes hepatic lipid accumulation by upregulating CD36 via interacting with IGF2BP2. Gene 2023; 887:147747. [PMID: 37652169 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Excessive lipid accumulation in hepatocytes is a defining feature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition that is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. While long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been implicated in hepatic lipid metabolism, the precise regulatory mechanisms they employ remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the role of AK142643, a previously uncharacterized LncRNA, in hepatic lipid metabolism and the development of NAFLD. Our results demonstrate that AK142643 is upregulated in the livers of ob/ob and high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice, and that it promotes hepatic lipid accumulation both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, we reveal that AK142643 acts through the insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) to enhance the expression of fatty acid translocase (FAT)/CD36, a key regulator of lipid metabolism. Specifically, AK142643 facilitates the binding of IGF2BP2 to CD36 mRNA, thereby increasing its stability and promoting its expression. Taken together, these findings shed new light on the complex interplay between LncRNAs and hepatic lipid metabolism, and provide insights into the mechanisms underlying the development of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Dezhi He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
| | - Chunbo Zhuang
- Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
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4
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Krumbein M, Oberman F, Cinnamon Y, Golomb M, May D, Vainer G, Belzer V, Meir K, Fridman I, Haybaeck J, Poelzl G, Kehat I, Beeri R, Kessler SM, Yisraeli JK. RNA binding protein IGF2BP2 expression is induced by stress in the heart and mediates dilated cardiomyopathy. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1229. [PMID: 38052926 PMCID: PMC10698010 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The IGF2BP family of RNA binding proteins consists of three paralogs that regulate intracellular RNA localization, RNA stability, and translational control. Although IGF2BP1 and 3 are oncofetal proteins, IGF2BP2 expression is maintained in many tissues, including the heart, into adulthood. IGF2BP2 is upregulated in cardiomyocytes during cardiac stress and remodeling and returns to normal levels in recovering hearts. We wondered whether IGF2BP2 might play an adaptive role during cardiac stress and recovery. Enhanced expression of an IGF2BP2 transgene in a conditional, inducible mouse line leads to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and death within 3-4 weeks in newborn or adult hearts. Downregulation of the transgene after 2 weeks, however, rescues these mice, with complete recovery by 12 weeks. Hearts overexpressing IGF2BP2 downregulate sarcomeric and mitochondrial proteins and have fragmented mitochondria and elongated, thinner sarcomeres. IGF2BP2 is also upregulated in DCM or myocardial infarction patients. These results suggest that IGF2BP2 may be an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Krumbein
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Froma Oberman
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Cinnamon
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Institute, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | | | - Dalit May
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Clalit Health Service, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gilad Vainer
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vitali Belzer
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Karen Meir
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Irina Fridman
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institut für Pathologie, Neuropathologie und Molekularpathologie, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Poelzl
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Izhak Kehat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Bat Galim, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ronen Beeri
- Department of Cardiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sonja M Kessler
- Experimental Pharmacology for Natural Sciences, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
| | - Joel K Yisraeli
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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5
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Luo P, Li S, Jing W, Tu J, Long X. N 6-methyladenosine RNA modification in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:838-848. [PMID: 37758602 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, influencing numerous regulatory axes and extrahepatic vital organs. The molecular mechanisms that lead to the progression of NAFLD remain unclear and knowledge on the pathways causing hepatocellular damage followed by lipid accumulation is limited. Recently, a number of studies have shown that mRNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification contributes to the progression of NAFLD. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on m6A modification in the metabolic processes associated with NAFLD and discuss the challenges of and prospects for therapeutic avenues based on m6A regulation for the treatment of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Luo
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiancheng Tu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinghua Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Shao J, Wang M, Zhang A, Liu Z, Jiang G, Tang T, Wang J, Jia X, Lai S. Interference of a mammalian circRNA regulates lipid metabolism reprogramming by targeting miR-24-3p/Igf2/PI3K-AKT-mTOR and Igf2bp2/Ucp1 axis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:252. [PMID: 37587272 PMCID: PMC11071982 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04899-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is important for regulating the whole systemic energy homeostasis. Excessive WAT accumulation further contributes to the development of obesity and obesity-related illnesses. More detailed mechanisms for WAT lipid metabolism reprogramming, however, are still elusive. Here, we report the abnormally high expression of a circular RNA (circRNA) mmu_circ_0001874 in the WAT and liver of mice with obesity. mmu_circ_0001874 interference achieved using a specific adeno-associated virus infects target tissues, down-regulating lipid accumulation in the obesity mice WAT, and liver tissues. Mechanistically, miR-24-3p directly interacts with the lipid metabolism effect of mmu_circ_0001874 and participates in adipogenesis and lipid accumulation by targeting Igf2/PI3K-AKT-mTOR axis. Moreover, mmu_circ_0001874 binds to Igf2bp2 to interact with Ucp1, up-regulating Ucp1 translation and increasing thermogenesis to decrease lipid accumulation. In conclusion, our data highlight a physiological role for circRNA in lipid metabolism reprogramming and suggest mmu_circ_0001874/miR-24-3p/Igf2/PI3K-AKT-mTOR and mmu_circ_0001874/Igf2bp2/Ucp1 axis may represent a potential mechanism for controlling lipid accumulation in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Meigui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Anjing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zheliang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Genglong Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Tao Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xianbo Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Songjia Lai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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7
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Li W, Tan M, Wang H, Wang Z, Pang Y, Yang R, Zhong S, Pan X, Chen S, Wang Q, Li D, Xiao Y, Chen W, Chen L. METTL3-mediated m6A mRNA modification was involved in cadmium-induced liver injury. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 331:121887. [PMID: 37236586 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is an environmental pollutant that has extensive deleterious effects. However, the mechanisms underlying the hepatotoxicity induced by long-term exposure to cadmium remained undefined. In the present study, we explored the role of m6A methylation in the development of cadmium-induced liver disease. We showed a dynamic change of RNA methylation in liver tissue from mice administrated with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) for 3, 6 and 9 months, respectively. Particularly, the METTL3 expression was declined in a time-dependent manner, associated with the degree of liver injury, indicating the involvement of METTL3 in hepatotoxicity induced by CdCl2. Moreover, we established a mouse model with liver-specific over-expression of Mettl3 and administrated these mice with CdCl2 for 6 months. Notably, METTL3 highly expressed in hepatocytes attenuated CdCl2-induced steatosis and liver fibrosis in mice. In vitro assay also showed METTL3 overexpression ameliorated the CdCl2-induced cytotoxicity and activation of primary hepatic stellate cells. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis identified 268 differentially expressed genes both in mice liver tissue treated with CdCl2 for 3 months and 9 months. Among them, 115 genes were predicted to be regulated by METTL3 determined by m6A2Target database. Further analysis revealed the perturbation of metabolic pathway, glycerophospholipid metabolism, ErbB signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, and choline metabolism in cancer, and circadian rhythm, led to hepatotoxicity induced by CdCl2. Collectively, our findings reveal new insight into the crucial role of epigenetic modifications in hepatic diseases caused by long-term exposure to cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Toxicology, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Mingxue Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Huiqi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yaqin Pang
- Faculty of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, 533000, China
| | - Rongfang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shiyuan Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xinhong Pan
- Department of Toxicology, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Shen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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8
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Kendzia S, Franke S, Kröhler T, Golob-Schwarzl N, Schweiger C, Toeglhofer AM, Skofler C, Uranitsch S, El-Heliebi A, Fuchs J, Punschart A, Stiegler P, Keil M, Hoffmann J, Henderson D, Lehrach H, Yaspo ML, Reinhard C, Schäfer R, Keilholz U, Regenbrecht C, Schicho R, Fickert P, Lax SF, Erdmann F, Schulz MH, Kiemer AK, Haybaeck J, Kessler SM. A combined computational and functional approach identifies IGF2BP2 as a driver of chemoresistance in a wide array of pre-clinical models of colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:89. [PMID: 37248468 PMCID: PMC10227963 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01787-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Chemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy. In this study, the impact of the IGF2BP family of RNA-binding proteins on CRC chemoresistance was investigated using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches. METHODS Gene expression data from a well-characterized cohort and publicly available cross-linking immunoprecipitation sequencing (CLIP-Seq) data were collected. Resistance to chemotherapeutics was assessed in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and patient-derived organoids (PDOs). Functional studies were performed in 2D and 3D cell culture models, including proliferation, spheroid growth, and mitochondrial respiration analyses. RESULTS We identified IGF2BP2 as the most abundant IGF2BP in primary and metastastatic CRC, correlating with tumor stage in patient samples and tumor growth in PDXs. IGF2BP2 expression in primary tumor tissue was significantly associated with resistance to selumetinib, gefitinib, and regorafenib in PDOs and to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in PDX in vivo. IGF2BP2 knockout (KO) HCT116 cells were more susceptible to regorafenib in 2D and to oxaliplatin, selumitinib, and nintedanib in 3D cell culture. Further, a bioinformatic analysis using CLIP data suggested stabilization of target transcripts in primary and metastatic tumors. Measurement of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) revealed a decreased basal OCR and an increase in glycolytic ATP production rate in IGF2BP2 KO. In addition, real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis confirmed decreased expression of genes of the respiratory chain complex I, complex IV, and the outer mitochondrial membrane in IGF2BP2 KO cells. CONCLUSIONS IGF2BP2 correlates with CRC tumor growth in vivo and promotes chemoresistance by altering mitochondrial respiratory chain metabolism. As a druggable target, IGF2BP2 could be used in future CRC therapy to overcome CRC chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kendzia
- Institute of Pharmacy, Experimental Pharmacology for Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Susanne Franke
- Institute of Pharmacy, Experimental Pharmacology for Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Tarek Kröhler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nicole Golob-Schwarzl
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed), Graz, Austria
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Caroline Schweiger
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna M Toeglhofer
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Skofler
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed), Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Uranitsch
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Brothers of Charity Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Amin El-Heliebi
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed), Graz, Austria
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Fuchs
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Division of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Philipp Stiegler
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marlen Keil
- Experimental Pharmacology & Oncology, Berlin GmbH-Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Jens Hoffmann
- Experimental Pharmacology & Oncology, Berlin GmbH-Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | | | - Hans Lehrach
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Reinhard
- Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis, USA
- CELLphenomics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Keilholz
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Regenbrecht
- CELLphenomics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Schicho
- Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Fickert
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sigurd F Lax
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Graz South-West and School of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Frank Erdmann
- Institute of Pharmacy, Experimental Pharmacology for Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Marcel H Schulz
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sonja M Kessler
- Institute of Pharmacy, Experimental Pharmacology for Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Halle Research Centre for Drug Therapy (HRCDT), Halle, Germany.
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9
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Dahlem C, Abuhaliema A, Kessler SM, Kröhler T, Zoller BGE, Chanda S, Wu Y, Both S, Müller F, Lepikhov K, Kirsch SH, Laggai S, Müller R, Empting M, Kiemer AK. First Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting the RNA-Binding Protein IGF2BP2/IMP2 for Cancer Therapy. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:361-375. [PMID: 35023719 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein IGF2BP2/IMP2/VICKZ2/p62 is overexpressed in several tumor entities, promotes tumorigenesis and tumor progression, and has been suggested to worsen the disease outcome. The aim of this study is to (I) validate IMP2 as a potential target for colorectal cancer, (II) set up a screening assay for small-molecule inhibitors of IMP2, and (III) test the biological activity of the obtained hit compounds. Analyses of colorectal and liver cancer gene expression data showed reduced survival in patients with a high IMP2 expression and in patients with a higher IMP2 expression in advanced tumors. In vitro target validation in 2D and 3D cell cultures demonstrated a reduction in cell viability, migration, and proliferation in IMP2 knockout cells. Also, xenotransplant tumor cell growth in vivo was significantly reduced in IMP2 knockouts. Different compound libraries were screened for IMP2 inhibitors using a fluorescence polarization assay, and the results were confirmed by the thermal shift assay and saturation-transfer difference NMR. Ten compounds, which belong to two classes, that is, benzamidobenzoic acid class and ureidothiophene class, were validated in vitro and showed a biological target specificity. The three most active compounds were also tested in vivo and exhibited reduced tumor xenograft growth in zebrafish embryos. In conclusion, our findings support that IMP2 represents a druggable target to reduce tumor cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Dahlem
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Ali Abuhaliema
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Sonja M. Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Experimental Pharmacology for Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06108, Germany
| | - Tarek Kröhler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Ben G. E. Zoller
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Shilpee Chanda
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Yingwen Wu
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Simon Both
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Fabian Müller
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | | | - Susanne H. Kirsch
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Stephan Laggai
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Alexandra K. Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
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10
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Jiang Y, Peng J, Song J, He J, Jiang M, Wang J, Ma L, Wang Y, Lin M, Wu H, Zhang Z, Gao D, Zhao Y. Loss of Hilnc prevents diet-induced hepatic steatosis through binding of IGF2BP2. Nat Metab 2021; 3:1569-1584. [PMID: 34750570 PMCID: PMC9235319 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00488-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway plays a critical role in regulating liver lipid metabolism and related diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show that the Hh signalling pathway induces a previously undefined long non-coding RNA (Hilnc, Hedgehog signalling-induced long non-coding RNA), which controls hepatic lipid metabolism. Mutation of the Gli-binding sites in the Hilnc promoter region (HilncBM/BM) decreases the expression of Hilnc in vitro and in vivo. HilncBM/BM and Hilnc-knockout mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis through attenuation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signalling pathway, as Hilnc directly interacts with IGF2BP2 to enhance Pparγ mRNA stability. Furthermore, we identify a potential functional human homologue of Hilnc, h-Hilnc, which has a similar function in regulating cellular lipid metabolism. These findings uncover a critical role of the Hh-Hilnc-IGF2BP2 signalling axis in lipid metabolism and suggest a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of diet-induced hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiao Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayin Peng
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan He
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liya Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuang Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Moubin Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dong Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shangha, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
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11
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Li M, Rong X, Lu L, Li Y, Yao K, Ge W, Duan C. IGF-2 mRNA binding protein 2 regulates primordial germ cell development in zebrafish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 313:113875. [PMID: 34352271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein-2 (IGF2BP2 or IMP2) is a member of a conserved family of RNA binding proteins. These proteins bind to and regulate target mRNA localization, stability, and translation. Their structure, expression and functions in bony fish are not well understood. Here, we characterized the zebrafish igf2bp2 gene and investigated its functional role in early development. Zebrafish igf2bp2 gives rise to 4 alternatively spliced transcripts. When expressed in cultured cells, all 4 proteins were detected in the cytoplasm. Igf2bp2-A, the longest isoform, has a domain structure similar to its mammalian counterpart. Igf2bp2-B lacks one of the C-terminal KH domains, while Igf2bp2-C lacks the two N-terminal RRM domains. Igf2bp2-D lacks both regions. In adult fish, these igf2bp2 isoforms were detected exclusively in the oocyte. After fertilization, they disappeared within 6 h post fertilization (hpf). At 20 ~ 24 hpf, igf2bp2-A mRNA, but not other mRNAs, was re-expressed in the embryos including in primordial germ cells. Targeted knockdown of Igf2bp2s reduced the numbers of primordial germ cells but did not affect global patterning or growth. The effect was rescued by overexpression of Igf2bp2-A. Likewise, dominant-negative inhibition of Igf2bp2 resulted in a similar reduction in primordial germ cell number. These results not only provide new information about the structure and expression of zebrafish Igf2bp2, but also reveal a critical role of this conserved RNA binding protein in primordial germ cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Xiaozhi Rong
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Yun Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Kai Yao
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Cunming Duan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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12
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Cao J, Yan W, Ma X, Huang H, Yan H. Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 mRNA-Binding Protein 2-a Potential Link Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:2807-2818. [PMID: 34061963 PMCID: PMC8475209 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cancer share a variety of risk factors and pathophysiological features. It is becoming increasingly accepted that the 2 diseases are related, and that T2DM increases the risk of certain malignancies. OBJECTIVE This review summarizes recent advancements in the elucidation of functions of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) messenger RNA (mRNA)-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) in T2DM and cancer. METHODS A PubMed review of the literature was conducted, and search terms included IGF2BP2, IMP2, or p62 in combination with cancer or T2DM. Additional sources were identified through manual searches of reference lists. The increased risk of multiple malignancies and cancer-associated mortality in patients with T2DM is believed to be driven by insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, chronic inflammation, and dysregulation of adipokines and sex hormones. Furthermore, IGF-2 is oncogenic, and its loss-of-function splice variant is protective against T2DM, which highlights the pivotal role of this growth factor in the pathogenesis of these 2 diseases. IGF-2 mRNA-binding proteins, particularly IGF2BP2, are also involved in T2DM and cancer, and single-nucleotide variations (formerly single-nucleotide polymorphisms) of IGF2BP2 are associated with both diseases. Deletion of the IGF2BP2 gene in mice improves their glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and mice with transgenic p62, a splice variant of IGF2BP2, are prone to diet-induced fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma, suggesting the biological significance of IGF2BP2 in T2DM and cancer. CONCLUSION Accumulating evidence has revealed that IGF2BP2 mediates the pathogenesis of T2DM and cancer by regulating glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and tumorigenesis. This review provides insight into the potential involvement of this RNA binding protein in the link between T2DM and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguo Cao
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital (Xi’an People’s Hospital), Affiliated Guangren Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 71004, Shaanxi Province, China
- Division of Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Weijia Yan
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital (Xi’an People’s Hospital), Affiliated Guangren Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 71004, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Xiujian Ma
- Division of Molecular Neurogenetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
- Haiyan Huang, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin St No.71, Changchun, China.
| | - Hong Yan
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital (Xi’an People’s Hospital), Affiliated Guangren Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 71004, Shaanxi Province, China
- Correspondence: Hong Yan, Shaanxi Eye Hospital (Xi’an People’s Hospital), Affiliated Guangren Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 71004, Shaanxi Province, China.
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13
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The biological function of IGF2BPs and their role in tumorigenesis. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:1682-1693. [PMID: 34251559 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BPs) pertain to a highly conservative RNA-binding family that works as a post-transcriptional fine-tuner for target transcripts. Emerging evidence suggests that IGF2BPs regulate RNA processing and metabolism, including stability, translation, and localization, and are involved in various cellular functions and pathophysiologies. In this review, we summarize the roles and molecular mechanisms of IGF2BPs in cancer development and progression. We mainly discuss the functional relevance of IGF2BPs in embryo development, neurogenesis, metabolism, RNA processing, and tumorigenesis. Understanding IGF2BPs role in tumor progression will provide new insight into cancer pathophysiology.
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14
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Flessa CM, Kyrou I, Nasiri-Ansari N, Kaltsas G, Papavassiliou AG, Kassi E, Randeva HS. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy in the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Current Evidence and Perspectives. Curr Obes Rep 2021; 10:134-161. [PMID: 33751456 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-021-00431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease with rising prevalence worldwide. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge supporting the role of ER stress and autophagy processes in NAFLD pathogenesis and progression. We also highlight the interrelation between these two pathways and the impact of ER stress and autophagy modulators on NAFLD treatment. RECENT FINDINGS The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in NAFLD progression are currently under investigation. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the concomitant unfolded protein response (UPR) seem to contribute to its pathogenesis mainly due to high ER content in the liver which exerts significant metabolic functions and can be dysregulated. Furthermore, disruption of autophagy processes has also been identified in NAFLD. The crucial role of these two pathways in NAFLD is underlined by the fact that they have recently emerged as promising targets of therapeutic interventions. There is a greater need for finding the natural/chemical compounds and drugs which can modulate the ER stress pathway and autophagy for the treatment of NAFLD. Clarifying the inter-relation between these two pathways and their interaction with inflammatory and apoptotic mechanisms will allow the development of additional therapeutic options which can better target and reprogram the underlying pathophysiological pathways, aiming to attenuate NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina-Maria Flessa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Ioannis Kyrou
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
- Aston Medical Research Institute, Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, B4 7ET, Birmingham, UK
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Metabolic and Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Narjes Nasiri-Ansari
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Gregory Kaltsas
- Endocrine Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece.
- Endocrine Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece.
| | - Harpal S Randeva
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Metabolic and Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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15
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Gui W, Zhu Y, Sun S, Zhu W, Tan B, Zhao H, Shang C, Zheng F, Lin X, Li H. Knockdown of insulin-like growth factor 2 gene disrupts mitochondrial functions in the liver. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:mjab030. [PMID: 33988719 PMCID: PMC8697341 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) has been reported to be overexpressed in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), its role in the progression of NAFLD and the potential mechanism remain largely unclear. Using in vitro models, we found that IGF2 was the key overexpressed gene in steatosis, suggesting a possible association between IGF2 and NAFLD. Interestingly, loss-of-function experiments revealed that inhibition of IGF2 protein impaired mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration. It additionally disrupted the expression changes of mitochondrial fusion and fission-related proteins necessary in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Consistently, IGF2 knockdown reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased the production of reactive oxygen species. Mechanistically, IGF2 regulates mitochondrial functions by modulating the expression of SIRT1 and its downstream gene PGC1α. This research opens a new frontier on the role of IGF2 in energy metabolism, which potentially participates in the development of NAFLD. As such, IGF2 is a potential therapeutic target against NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Gui
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiyi Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking
Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing,
China
| | - Shuiya Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifen Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Tan
- College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanxin Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengxin Shang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fenping Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xihua Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang
Province, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University,
Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Yang X, Sheng S, Du X, Su W, Tian J, Zhao X. Hepatocyte-specific TAZ deletion downregulates p62/ Sqstm1 expression in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 535:60-65. [PMID: 33341674 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by inflammation, hepatocellular injury, and different degrees of fibrosis. Previous studies have indicated that the transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif TAZ (WWTR1) is correlated with the increased level of liver cholesterol which suppresses TAZ proteasomal degradation and promotes fibrotic NASH by activating soluble adenylyl cyclase -calcium-RhoA pathway. However, the exact mechanism by which TAZ promotes inflammatory and hepatocyte injury has not yet been fully addressed. Reportedly, p62/Sqstm1plays a pivotal role in inflammatory and hepatocyte injury during NASH development. Here, we demonstrated that p62/Sqstm1 was overexpressed in the livers of mouse NASH models in a TAZ-dependent manner. In addition, hepatocyte-specific TAZ deletion reduced p62/Sqstm1 both in vitro and in vivo. Strikingly, luciferase reporter data demonstrated that p62/Sqstm1 is a TAZ/TEAD target gene and can be transcriptionally regulated by TAZ, indicating that hepatocyte-specific TAZ deletion downregulates p62/Sqstm1 expression in NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Siqi Sheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Xingchen Du
- NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Wentao Su
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jue Tian
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Xunxia Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
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Dai N. The Diverse Functions of IMP2/IGF2BP2 in Metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2020; 31:670-679. [PMID: 32586768 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA binding protein family (IMPs/IGF2BPs) is involved in a spectrum of biological processes, including development, tumorigenesis, and stemness. IMPs play a major role in post-transcriptional regulation of RNAs through the ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP). They have emerged as direct mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) substrates that coordinate nutrient stimulation and RNA life cycle control. IMP2 is a human type 2 diabetes (T2D) gene associated with impaired insulin secretion. Recently, using murine models, the substantial progress in understanding disease mechanisms has highlighted the significance of IMP2 in metabolism. This new knowledge may have the potential for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Dai
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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18
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Zhao Z, Meng J, Su R, Zhang J, Chen J, Ma X, Xia Q. Epitranscriptomics in liver disease: Basic concepts and therapeutic potential. J Hepatol 2020; 73:664-679. [PMID: 32330603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of next-generation sequencing technology and the discovery of specific antibodies targeting chemically modified nucleotides have paved the way for a new era of epitranscriptomics. Cellular RNA is known to dynamically and reversibly undergo different chemical modifications after transcription, such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N1-methyladenosine, N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine, 5-methylcytosine, and 5-hydroxymethylcytidine, whose identity and location comprise the field of epitranscriptomics. Dynamic post-transcriptional modifications determine the fate of target RNAs by regulating various aspects of their processing, including RNA export, transcript processing, splicing, and degradation. The most abundant internal mRNA modification in eukaryotic cells is m6A, which exhibits essential roles in physiological processes, such as embryogenesis, carcinogenesis, and neurogenesis. m6A is deposited by the m6A methyltransferase complex (composed of METTL3/14/16, WTAP, KIAA1429, and RBM15/15B), erased by demethylases (FTO and ALKBH5), and recognised by binding proteins (e.g., YTHDF1/2/3, YTHDC1/2, IGF2BP1/2/3). The liver is the largest digestive and metabolic organ, and m6A modifications play unique roles in critical physiological hepatic functions and various liver diseases. This review focuses on the biological roles of m6A RNA methylation in lipid metabolism, viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver cancer, and tumour metastasis. In addition, we summarise the existing inhibitors targeting m6A regulators and discuss the potential of modulating m6A modifications as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicong Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Jiaxiang Meng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Xiong Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
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19
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Li X, Liu R. Long non-coding RNA H19 in the liver-gut axis: A diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for liver diseases. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 115:104472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Human Insulin Growth Factor 2 mRNA Binding Protein 2 Increases MicroRNA 33a/b Inhibition of Liver ABCA1 Expression and Alters Low-Density Apolipoprotein Levels in Mice. Mol Cell Biol 2020; 40:MCB.00058-20. [PMID: 32482798 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00058-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have linked IGF2BP2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Mice overexpressing mIGF2BP2 have elevated cholesterol levels when fed a diet that induces hepatic steatosis. These and other studies suggest an important role for insulin growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) in the initiation and progression of several metabolic disorders. The ATPase binding cassette protein ABCA1 initiates nascent high-density apolipoprotein (HDL) biogenesis by transferring phospholipid and cholesterol to delipidated apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI). Individuals with mutational ablation of ABCA1 have Tangier disease, which is characterized by a complete loss of HDL. MicroRNA 33a and 33b (miR-33a/b) bind to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of ABCA1 and repress its posttranscriptional gene expression. Here, we show that IGF2BP2 works together with miR-33a/b in repressing ABCA1 expression. Our data suggest that IGF2BP2 is an accessory protein of the argonaute (AGO2)-miR-33a/b-RISC complex, as it directly binds to miR-33a/b, AGO2, and the 3' UTR of ABCA1 Finally, we show that mice overexpressing human IGF2BP2 have decreased ABCA1 expression, increased low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and cholesterol blood levels, and elevated SREBP-dependent signaling. Our data support the hypothesis that IGF2BP2 has an important role in maintaining lipid homeostasis through its modulation of ABCA1 expression, as its overexpression or loss leads to dyslipidemia.
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21
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The Good, the Bad, the Question- H19 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051261. [PMID: 32429417 PMCID: PMC7281302 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver cancer, is challenging to treat due to its typical late diagnosis, mostly at an advanced stage. Therefore, there is a particular need for research in diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC. The use of long noncoding (lnc) RNAs can widen the list of novel molecular targets improving cancer therapy. In hepatocarcinogenesis, the role of the lncRNA H19, which has been known for more than 30 years now, is still controversially discussed. H19 was described to work either as a tumor suppressor in vitro and in vivo, or to have oncogenic features. This review attempts to survey the conflicting study results and tries to elucidate the potential reasons for the contrary findings, i.e., different methods, models, or readout parameters. This review encompasses in vitro and in vivo models as well as studies on human patient samples. Although the function of H19 in HCC remains elusive, a short outlook summarizes some ideas of using the H19 locus as a novel target for liver cancer therapy.
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22
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Elbadawy M, Yamanaka M, Goto Y, Hayashi K, Tsunedomi R, Hazama S, Nagano H, Yoshida T, Shibutani M, Ichikawa R, Nakahara J, Omatsu T, Mizutani T, Katayama Y, Shinohara Y, Abugomaa A, Kaneda M, Yamawaki H, Usui T, Sasaki K. Efficacy of primary liver organoid culture from different stages of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse model. Biomaterials 2020; 237:119823. [PMID: 32044522 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, which eventually leads to hepatocellular carcinoma. Although several animal models were developed to understand the mechanisms of NASH pathogenesis and progression, it remains obscure. A 3D organoid culture system can recapitulate organ structures and maintain gene expression profiles of original tissues. We therefore tried to generate liver organoids from different degrees [defined as mild (NASH A), moderate (NASH B) and severe (NASH C)] of methionine- and choline-deficient diet-induced NASH model mice and analyzed the difference of their architecture, cell components, organoid-forming efficacy, and gene expression profiles. Organoids from each stage of NASH model mice were successfully generated. Interestingly, epithelial-mesenchymal transition was observed in NASH C organoids. Expression of Collagen I and an activated hepatic stellite cell marker, α-sma was upregulated in the liver organoids from NASH B and C mice. The analysis of RNA sequencing revealed that several novel genes were upregulated in all NASH liver organoids. These results suggest that our generated liver organoids from different stages of NASH diseased mice might become a useful tool for in vitro studies of the molecular mechanism of NASH development and also for identifying novel biomarkers for early diagnosis of NASH disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elbadawy
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, 13736, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya, Egypt
| | - Megumi Yamanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yuta Goto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kimika Hayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Ryouichi Tsunedomi
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Shoichi Hazama
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan; Department of Translational Research and Developmental Therapeutics Against Cancer, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Makoto Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Ryo Ichikawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Junta Nakahara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Omatsu
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yukie Katayama
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yuta Shinohara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Pet Health & Food Division, Iskara Industry CO., LTD, 1-14-2, Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0027, Japan
| | - Amira Abugomaa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kaneda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yamawaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 35-1, Higashi 23 Ban-cho, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Usui
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
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23
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The mRNA-binding Protein TTP/ZFP36 in Hepatocarcinogenesis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111754. [PMID: 31717307 PMCID: PMC6896064 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic lipid deposition and inflammation represent risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The mRNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP, gene name ZFP36) has been suggested as a tumor suppressor in several malignancies, but it increases insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of TTP in hepatocarcinogenesis and HCC progression. Employing liver-specific TTP-knockout (lsTtp-KO) mice in the diethylnitrosamine (DEN) hepatocarcinogenesis model, we observed a significantly reduced tumor burden compared to wild-type animals. Upon short-term DEN treatment, modelling early inflammatory processes in hepatocarcinogenesis, lsTtp-KO mice exhibited a reduced monocyte/macrophage ratio as compared to wild-type mice. While short-term DEN strongly induced an abundance of saturated and poly-unsaturated hepatic fatty acids, lsTtp-KO mice did not show these changes. These findings suggested anti-carcinogenic actions of TTP deletion due to effects on inflammation and metabolism. Interestingly, though, investigating effects of TTP on different hallmarks of cancer suggested tumor-suppressing actions: TTP inhibited proliferation, attenuated migration, and slightly increased chemosensitivity. In line with a tumor-suppressing activity, we observed a reduced expression of several oncogenes in TTP-overexpressing cells. Accordingly, ZFP36 expression was downregulated in tumor tissues in three large human data sets. Taken together, this study suggests that hepatocytic TTP promotes hepatocarcinogenesis, while it shows tumor-suppressive actions during hepatic tumor progression.
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24
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Czepukojc B, Abuhaliema A, Barghash A, Tierling S, Naß N, Simon Y, Körbel C, Cadenas C, van Hul N, Sachinidis A, Hengstler JG, Helms V, Laschke MW, Walter J, Haybaeck J, Leclercq I, Kiemer AK, Kessler SM. IGF2 mRNA Binding Protein 2 Transgenic Mice Are More Prone to Develop a Ductular Reaction and to Progress Toward Cirrhosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:179. [PMID: 31555647 PMCID: PMC6737005 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA binding proteins (IMPs/IGF2BPs) IMP1 and 3 are regarded as oncofetal proteins, whereas the hepatic IMP2 expression in adults is controversially discussed. The splice variant IMP2-2/p62 promotes steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Aim of this study was to clarify whether IMP2 is expressed in the adult liver and influences progression toward cirrhosis. IMP2 was expressed at higher levels in embryonic compared to adult tissues as quantified in embryonic, newborn, and adult C57BL/6J mouse livers and suggested by analysis of publicly available human data. In an IMP2-2 transgenic mouse model microarray and qPCR analyses revealed increased expression of liver progenitor cell (LPC) markers Bex1, Prom1, Spp1, and Cdh1 indicating a de-differentiated liver cell phenotype. Induction of these LPC markers was confirmed in human cirrhotic tissue datasets. The LPC marker SPP1 has been described to play a major role in fibrogenesis. Thus, DNA methylation was investigated in order to decipher the regulatory mechanism of Spp1 induction. In IMP2-2 transgenic mouse livers single CpG sites were differentially methylated, as quantified by amplicon sequencing, whereas human HCC samples of a human publicly available dataset showed promoter hypomethylation. In order to study the impact of IMP2 on fibrogenesis in the context of steatohepatitis wild-type or IMP2-2 transgenic mice were fed either a methionine-choline deficient (MCD) or a control diet for 2-12 weeks. MCD-fed IMP2-2 transgenic mice showed a higher incidence of ductular reaction (DR), accompanied by hepatic stellate cell activation, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and induction of the LPC markers Spp1, Cdh1, and Afp suggesting the occurrence of de-differentiated cells in transgenic livers. In human cirrhotic samples IMP2 overexpression correlated with LPC marker and ECM component expression. Progression of liver disease was induced by combined MCD and diethylnitrosamine (DEN) treatment. Combined MCD-DEN treatment resulted in shorter survival of IMP2-2 transgenic compared to wild-type mice. Only IMP2-2 transgenic livers progressed to cirrhosis, which was accompanied by strong DR. In conclusion, IMP2 is an oncofetal protein in the liver that promotes DR characterized by de-differentiated cells toward steatohepatitis-associated cirrhosis development with poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Czepukojc
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ali Abuhaliema
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ahmad Barghash
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Computer Science, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sascha Tierling
- Genetics/Epigenetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Norbert Naß
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Yvette Simon
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christina Körbel
- Institute of Clinical-Experimental Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Cristina Cadenas
- Systems Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Noemi van Hul
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Systems Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Volkhard Helms
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute of Clinical-Experimental Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Walter
- Genetics/Epigenetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Pathology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Isabelle Leclercq
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sonja M Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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25
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Regué L, Minichiello L, Avruch J, Dai N. Liver-specific deletion of IGF2 mRNA binding protein-2/IMP2 reduces hepatic fatty acid oxidation and increases hepatic triglyceride accumulation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11944-11951. [PMID: 31209109 PMCID: PMC6682725 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins 1-3 (IGF2BP1-3, also known as IMP1-3) contribute to the regulation of RNAs in a transcriptome-specific context. Global deletion of the mRNA-binding protein insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2 or IMP2) in mice causes resistance to obesity and fatty liver induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), whereas liver-specific IMP2 overexpression results in steatosis. To better understand the role of IMP2 in hepatic triglyceride metabolism, here we crossed mice expressing albumin-Cre with mice bearing a floxed Imp2 gene to generate hepatocyte-specific IMP2 knockout (LIMP2 KO) mice. Unexpectedly, the livers of LIMP2 KO mice fed an HFD accumulated more triglyceride. Although hepatocyte-specific IMP2 deletion did not alter lipogenic gene expression, it substantially decreased the levels of the IMP2 client mRNAs encoding carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). This decrease was associated with their more rapid turnover and accompanied by significantly diminished rates of palmitate oxidation by isolated hepatocytes and liver mitochondria. HFD-fed control and LIMP2 KO mice maintained a similar glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity up to 6 months; however, by 6 months, blood glucose and serum triglycerides in LIMP2 KO mice were modestly elevated but without evidence of liver damage. In conclusion, hepatocyte-specific IMP2 deficiency promotes modest diet-induced fatty liver by impairing fatty acid oxidation through increased degradation of the IMP2 client mRNAs PPARα and CPT1A This finding indicates that the previously observed marked protection against fatty liver conferred by global IMP2 deficiency in mice is entirely due to their reduced adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Regué
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.,Diabetes Unit of the Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Liliana Minichiello
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Avruch
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 .,Diabetes Unit of the Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Ning Dai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 .,Diabetes Unit of the Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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26
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Transgenic expression of the RNA binding protein IMP2 stabilizes miRNA targets in murine microsteatosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3099-3108. [PMID: 29859241 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adult expression of IMP2 is often associated with several types of disease and cancer. The RNA binding protein IMP2 binds and stabilizes the IGF2 mRNA as well as hundreds of other transcripts during development. To gain insight into the molecular action of IMP2 and its contribution to disease in context of adult cellular metabolism, we analyze transgenic overexpression of IMP2 in mouse livers, which has been shown to induce a steatosis-like phenotype and enhanced risk to develop hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our data show up-regulation of several HCC marker genes and miRNAs (miR438-3p and miR151-5p). To characterize the impact of miRNAs to their targets, integrative analysis of transcriptome-and miRNAome-dynamics in combination with IMP2 target prediction was carried out. Our analyses show that targets of expressed miRNAs become accumulated in the case that these transcripts have positive IMP2 binding prediction. Therefore, our data indicates that overexpression of IMP2 alters the regulatory capacity of many miRNAs and we conclude that IMP2 competes with miRNAs for binding sites on thousands of transcripts. As a result, our data implicates that overexpression of IMP2 has distinct effects to the regulatory capacity of miRNAs with yet unknown consequences for translational efficiency.
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27
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The Roles of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 mRNA-Binding Protein 2 in Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:4217259. [PMID: 29736175 PMCID: PMC5874980 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4217259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) mediate the localization, stability, and translation of the target transcripts and fine-tune the physiological functions of the proteins encoded. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 2 mRNA-binding protein (IGF2BP, IMP) family comprises three RBPs, IGF2BP1, IGF2BP2, and IGF2BP3, capable of associating with IGF2 and other transcripts and mediating their processing. IGF2BP2 represents the least understood member of this family of RBPs; however, it has been reported to participate in a wide range of physiological processes, such as embryonic development, neuronal differentiation, and metabolism. Its dysregulation is associated with insulin resistance, diabetes, and carcinogenesis and may potentially be a powerful biomarker and candidate target for relevant diseases. This review summarizes the structural features, regulation, and functions of IGF2BP2 and their association with cancer and cancer stem cells.
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28
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Barghash A, Golob-Schwarzl N, Helms V, Haybaeck J, Kessler SM. Elevated expression of the IGF2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2/IMP2) is linked to short survival and metastasis in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:49743-49750. [PMID: 27391348 PMCID: PMC5226544 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) represents the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths and develops in Barret's esophagus affected tissues. The IGF2 mRNA binding protein IMP2/IGF2BP2/p62 was originally identified as an autoantigen in hepatocellular carcinoma. Aim of this study was to investigate the expression and prognostic role of IMP2 in EAC. Human EAC and Barret's esophagus tissue showed overexpression of IMP2, particularly in tumors of increased size and in metastatic tissues. Molecular classification based on published gene signatures of esophageal cancer revealed a specific subtype, in which the expression of IMP2 is high. According to GO and KEGG pathway analyses, genes showing highly correlated expression with IMP2 are associated with growth, proliferation, metabolism, inflammation, and cancerous processes. Clustering of EAC samples according to published survival marker genes strongly suggests that IMP2 overexpressing samples show poor survival. Finally, IMP2 expression correlated with short survival in patients with EAC or esophageal squamous carcinoma. Our data indicate that IMP2 might be a useful prognostic marker for Barret's esophagus and EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Barghash
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany.,School of Computer Engineering and Information Technology, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Volkhard Helms
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | | | - Sonja M Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
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Degrauwe N, Suvà ML, Janiszewska M, Riggi N, Stamenkovic I. IMPs: an RNA-binding protein family that provides a link between stem cell maintenance in normal development and cancer. Genes Dev 2017; 30:2459-2474. [PMID: 27940961 PMCID: PMC5159662 DOI: 10.1101/gad.287540.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review by Degrauwe et al. summarizes our current understanding of the functions of IMPs during normal development and focuses on a series of recent observations that have provided new insight into how their physiological functions enable IMPs to play a potentially key role in cancer stem cell maintenance and tumor growth. IMPs, also known as insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) messenger RNA (mRNA)-binding proteins (IGF2BPs), are highly conserved oncofetal RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that regulate RNA processing at several levels, including localization, translation, and stability. Three mammalian IMP paralogs (IMP1–3) have been identified that are expressed in most organs during embryogenesis, where they are believed to play an important role in cell migration, metabolism, and stem cell renewal. Whereas some IMP2 expression is retained in several adult mouse organs, IMP1 and IMP3 are either absent or expressed at very low levels in most tissues after birth. However, all three paralogs can be re-expressed upon malignant transformation and are found in a broad range of cancer types where their expression often correlates with poor prognosis. IMPs appear to resume their physiological functions in malignant cells, which not only contribute to tumor progression but participate in the establishment and maintenance of tumor cell hierarchies. This review summarizes our current understanding of the functions of IMPs during normal development and focuses on a series of recent observations that have provided new insight into how their physiological functions enable IMPs to play a potentially key role in cancer stem cell maintenance and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Degrauwe
- Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois/University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1011, Switzerland
| | - Mario-Luca Suvà
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Michalina Janiszewska
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Nicolo Riggi
- Experimental Pathology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois/University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1011, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Stamenkovic
- Experimental Pathology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois/University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1011, Switzerland
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30
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Yadetie F, Oveland E, Døskeland A, Berven F, Goksøyr A, Karlsen OA. Quantitative proteomics analysis reveals perturbation of lipid metabolic pathways in the liver of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) treated with PCB 153. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 185:19-28. [PMID: 28183064 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PCB 153 is one of the most abundant PCB congeners detected in biological samples. It is a persistent compound that is still present in the environment despite the ban on production and use of PCBs in the late 1970s. It has strong tendencies to bioaccumulate and biomagnify in biota, and studies have suggested that it is an endocrine and metabolic disruptor. In order to study mechanisms of toxicity, we exposed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) to various doses of PCB 153 (0, 0.5, 2 and 8mg/kg body weight) for two weeks and examined the effects on expression of liver proteins using label-free quantitative proteomics. Label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the liver proteome resulted in the quantification of 1272 proteins, of which 78 proteins were differentially regulated in the PCB 153-treated dose groups compared to the control group. Functional enrichment analysis showed that pathways significantly affected are related to lipid metabolism, cytoskeletal remodeling, cell cycle and cell adhesion. Importantly, the main effects appear to be on lipid metabolism, with up-regulation of enzymes in the de novo fatty acid synthesis pathway, consistent with previous transcriptomics results. Increased plasma triglyceride levels were also observed in the PCB 153 treated fish, in agreement with the induction of the lipogenic genes and proteins. The results suggest that PCB 153 perturbs lipid metabolism in the Atlantic cod liver. Elevated levels of lipogenic enzymes and plasma triglycerides further suggest increased synthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eystein Oveland
- Department of Biomedicine, Proteomics Unit (PROBE) at the University of Bergen, Norway.
| | - Anne Døskeland
- Department of Biomedicine, Proteomics Unit (PROBE) at the University of Bergen, Norway.
| | - Frode Berven
- Department of Biomedicine, Proteomics Unit (PROBE) at the University of Bergen, Norway.
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31
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Pope C, Mishra S, Russell J, Zhou Q, Zhong XB. Targeting H19, an Imprinted Long Non-Coding RNA, in Hepatic Functions and Liver Diseases. Diseases 2017; 5:E11. [PMID: 28933364 PMCID: PMC5456333 DOI: 10.3390/diseases5010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
H19 is a long non-coding RNA regulated by genomic imprinting through methylation at the locus between H19 and IGF2. H19 is important in normal liver development, controlling proliferation and impacting genes involved in an important network controlling fetal development. H19 also plays a major role in disease progression, particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma. H19 participates in the epigenetic regulation of many processes impacting diseases, such as activating the miR-200 pathway by histone acetylation to inhibit the epithelial-mesenchymal transition to suppress tumor metastasis. Furthermore, H19's normal regulation is disturbed in diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma. In this disease, aberrant epigenetic maintenance results in biallelic expression of IGF2, leading to uncontrolled cellular proliferation. This review aims to further research utilizing H19 for drug discovery and the treatment of liver diseases by focusing on both the epigenetic regulation of H19 and how H19 regulates normal liver functions and diseases, particularly by epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad Pope
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, 69 N Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Shashank Mishra
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, 75 N Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Joshua Russell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, 69 N Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, 69 N Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Xiao-Bo Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, 69 N Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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Kessler SM, Laggai S, Van Wonterg E, Gemperlein K, Müller R, Haybaeck J, Vandenbroucke RE, Ogris M, Libert C, Kiemer AK. Transient Hepatic Overexpression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 Induces Free Cholesterol and Lipid Droplet Formation. Front Physiol 2016; 7:147. [PMID: 27199763 PMCID: PMC4843762 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) has been reported to be overexpressed in steatosis and steatohepatitis, a causal role of IGF2 in steatosis development remains elusive. Aim of our study was to decipher the role of IGF2 in steatosis development. Hydrodynamic gene delivery of an Igf2 plasmid used for transient Igf2 overexpression employing codon-optimized plasmid DNA resulted in a strong induction of hepatic Igf2 expression. The exogenously delivered Igf2 had no influence on endogenous Igf2 expression. The downstream kinase AKT was activated in Igf2 animals. Decreased ALT levels mirrored the cytoprotective effect of IGF2. Serum cholesterol was increased and sulfo-phospho-vanillin colorimetric assay confirmed lipid accumulation in Igf2-livers while no signs of inflammation were observed. Interestingly, hepatic cholesterol and phospholipids, determined by thin layer chromatography, and free cholesterol by filipin staining, were specifically increased. Lipid droplet (LD) size was not changed, but their number was significantly elevated. Furthermore, free cholesterol, which can be stored in LDs and has been reported to be critical for steatosis progression, was elevated in Igf2 overexpressing mice. Accordingly, Hmgcr/HmgCoAR was upregulated. To have a closer look at de novo lipid synthesis we investigated expression of the lipogenic transcription factor SREBF1 and its target genes. SREBF1 was induced and also SREBF1 target genes were slightly upregulated. Interestingly, the expression of Cpt1a, which is responsible for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, was induced. Hepatic IGF2 expression induces a fatty liver, characterized by increased cholesterol and phospholipids leading to accumulation of LDs. We therefore suggest a causal role for IGF2 in hepatic lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja M Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Stephan Laggai
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Elien Van Wonterg
- Inflammation Research Center, VIBGhent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent UniversityGhent, Belgium
| | - Katja Gemperlein
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke
- Inflammation Research Center, VIBGhent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent UniversityGhent, Belgium
| | - Manfred Ogris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Claude Libert
- Inflammation Research Center, VIBGhent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent UniversityGhent, Belgium
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University Saarbrücken, Germany
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Fawzy IO, Hamza MT, Hosny KA, Esmat G, Abdelaziz AI. Abrogating the interplay between IGF2BP1, 2 and 3 and IGF1R by let-7i arrests hepatocellular carcinoma growth. Growth Factors 2016; 34:42-50. [PMID: 27126374 DOI: 10.3109/08977194.2016.1169532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
IGF2BP 1, 2 and 3 control the fate of many transcripts. Immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated the IGF2BPs to bind to IGF1R mRNA, and our laboratory has recently shown them to post-transcriptionally regulate IGF1R. This study sought to identify a microRNA regulating the IGF2BPs and consequently IGF1R. All three IGF2BPs were among the top-ranked predicted targets of let-7i. Let-7i was downregulated in HCC tissues, and transfection of HuH-7 with let-7i inhibited malignant cell behaviors and decreased IGF2BPs transcripts. Direct binding of let-7i to IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 3'UTRs was confirmed, and the effect of let-7i caused a decrease in the IGF2BPs' target gene, the IGF1R. IGF1R mRNA was inversely correlated with let-7i in HCC tissues and was reduced upon let-7i transfection into HuH-7. Reporter assays validated IGF1R as a target of let-7i. Therefore, let-7i may control HCC tumorigenesis by regulating IGF1R directly and indirectly by interrupting the interplay between IGF1R and the IGF2BPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Injie Omar Fawzy
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , German University in Cairo, Main Entrance Al Tagamoa Al Khames , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mohammed Tarif Hamza
- b Department of Clinical Pathology , Ain Shams University , Khalifa El-Maamoun St, Abbasiya Square , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Karim Adel Hosny
- c Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology , Cairo University , Kasr El-Aini St , Cairo , Egypt , and
| | - Gamal Esmat
- c Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology , Cairo University , Kasr El-Aini St , Cairo , Egypt , and
| | - Ahmed Ihab Abdelaziz
- d Department of Biology , American University in Cairo , AUC Avenue , New Cairo City, Cairo , Egypt
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34
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Kessler SM, Laggai S, Barghash A, Schultheiss CS, Lederer E, Artl M, Helms V, Haybaeck J, Kiemer AK. IMP2/p62 induces genomic instability and an aggressive hepatocellular carcinoma phenotype. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1894. [PMID: 26426686 PMCID: PMC4632283 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths and commonly develops in inflammatory environments. The IGF2 mRNA-binding protein IMP2-2/IGF2BP2-2/p62 was originally identified as an autoantigen in HCC. Aim of this study was to investigate a potential pathophysiological role of p62 in hepatocarcinogenesis. Human HCC tissue showed overexpression of IMP2, which strongly correlated with the fetal markers AFP and DLK1/Pref-1/FA-1 and was particularly elevated in tumors with stem-like features and hypervascularization. Molecular classification of IMP2-overexpressing tumors revealed an aggressive phenotype. Livers of mice overexpressing the IMP2 splice variant p62 highly expressed the stem cell marker DLK1 and secreted DLK1 into the blood. p62 was oncogenic: diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-treated p62 transgenic mice exhibited a higher tumor incidence and multiplicity than wild types. Tumors of transgenics showed a more aggressive and stem-like phenotype and displayed more oncogenic chromosomal aberrations determined with aCGH analysis. DEN-treated p62 transgenic mice exhibited distinct signs of inflammation, such as inflammatory cytokine expression and oxidative stress markers, that is, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) levels. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was elevated in HepG2 cells, which either overexpressed p62 or were treated with DLK1. p62 induced this ROS production by a DLK1-dependent induction and activation of the small Rho-GTPase RAC1, activating NADPH oxidase and being overexpressed in human HCC. Our data indicate that p62/IMP2 promotes hepatocarcinogenesis by an amplification of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S Laggai
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - A Barghash
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany.,Saarbruecken Graduate School of Computer Science, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - C S Schultheiss
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - E Lederer
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Artl
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - V Helms
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - J Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
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35
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miR-1275: A single microRNA that targets the three IGF2-mRNA-binding proteins hindering tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:2257-65. [PMID: 26160756 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify a single miRNA or miR (microRNA) which regulates the three insulin-like growth factor-2-mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BP1, 2 and 3). Bioinformatics predicted miR-1275 to simultaneously target the three IGF2BPs, and screening revealed miR-1275 to be underexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues. Transfection of HuH-7 cells with miR-1275 suppressed IGF2BPs expression and all three IGF2BPs were confirmed as targets of miR-1275. Ectopic expression of miR-1275 and knockdown of IGF2BPs inhibited malignant cell behaviors, and also reduced IGF1R protein and mRNA. Finally IGF1R was validated as a direct target of miR-1275. These findings indicate that the tumor-suppressor miR-1275 can control HCC tumor growth partially through simultaneously regulating the oncogenic IGF2BPs and IGF1R.
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36
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Hoppstädter J, Kessler SM, Bruscoli S, Huwer H, Riccardi C, Kiemer AK. Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper: A Critical Factor in Macrophage Endotoxin Tolerance. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:6057-6067. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Induction of glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) by glucocorticoids plays a key role in their anti-inflammatory action. In activated macrophages, GILZ levels are downregulated via tristetraprolin-mediated GILZ mRNA destabilization. To assess the functional significance of GILZ downregulation, we generated myeloid-specific GILZ knockout (KO) mice. GILZ-deficient macrophages displayed a higher responsiveness toward LPS, as indicated by increased TNF-α and IL-1β expression. This effect was due to an activation of ERK, which was significantly amplified in GILZ KO cells. The LPS-induced activation of macrophages is attenuated upon pretreatment of macrophages with low-dose LPS, an effect termed endotoxin tolerance. In LPS-tolerant macrophages, GILZ mRNA was stabilized, whereas ERK activation was strongly decreased. In contrast, GILZ KO macrophages exhibited a strongly reduced desensitization. To explore the contribution of GILZ expression in macrophages to endotoxin tolerance in vivo, we treated GILZ KO mice with repeated i.p. injections of low-dose LPS followed by treatment with high-dose LPS. LPS pretreatment resulted in reduced proinflammatory mediator expression upon high-dose LPS treatment in serum and tissues. In contrast, cytokine induction was preserved in tolerized GILZ KO animals. In summary, our data suggest that GILZ is a key regulator of macrophage functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hoppstädter
- *Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sonja M. Kessler
- *Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Stefano Bruscoli
- †Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; and
| | - Hanno Huwer
- ‡Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Völklingen Heart Centre, 66333 Völklingen, Germany
| | - Carlo Riccardi
- †Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; and
| | - Alexandra K. Kiemer
- *Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Willebrords J, Pereira IVA, Maes M, Crespo Yanguas S, Colle I, Van Den Bossche B, Da Silva TC, de Oliveira CPMS, Andraus W, Alves VA, Cogliati B, Vinken M. Strategies, models and biomarkers in experimental non-alcoholic fatty liver disease research. Prog Lipid Res 2015; 59:106-25. [PMID: 26073454 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease encompasses a spectrum of liver diseases, including simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is currently the most dominant chronic liver disease in Western countries due to the fact that hepatic steatosis is associated with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome and drug-induced injury. A variety of chemicals, mainly drugs, and diets is known to cause hepatic steatosis in humans and rodents. Experimental non-alcoholic fatty liver disease models rely on the application of a diet or the administration of drugs to laboratory animals or the exposure of hepatic cell lines to these drugs. More recently, genetically modified rodents or zebrafish have been introduced as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease models. Considerable interest now lies in the discovery and development of novel non-invasive biomarkers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, with specific focus on hepatic steatosis. Experimental diagnostic biomarkers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, such as (epi)genetic parameters and '-omics'-based read-outs are still in their infancy, but show great promise. In this paper, the array of tools and models for the study of liver steatosis is discussed. Furthermore, the current state-of-art regarding experimental biomarkers such as epigenetic, genetic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabonomic biomarkers will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Willebrords
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Isabel Veloso Alves Pereira
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Michaël Maes
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sara Crespo Yanguas
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Isabelle Colle
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Campus Aalst, Merestraat 80, 9300 Aalst, Belgium.
| | - Bert Van Den Bossche
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Campus Aalst, Merestraat 80, 9300 Aalst, Belgium.
| | - Tereza Cristina Da Silva
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Wellington Andraus
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Venâncio Avancini Alves
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mathieu Vinken
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
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38
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Dai N, Zhao L, Wrighting D, Krämer D, Majithia A, Wang Y, Cracan V, Borges-Rivera D, Mootha VK, Nahrendorf M, Thorburn DR, Minichiello L, Altshuler D, Avruch J. IGF2BP2/IMP2-Deficient mice resist obesity through enhanced translation of Ucp1 mRNA and Other mRNAs encoding mitochondrial proteins. Cell Metab 2015; 21:609-21. [PMID: 25863250 PMCID: PMC4663978 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Although variants in the IGF2BP2/IMP2 gene confer risk for type 2 diabetes, IMP2, an RNA binding protein, is not known to regulate metabolism. Imp2(-/-) mice gain less lean mass after weaning and have increased lifespan. Imp2(-/-) mice are highly resistant to diet-induced obesity and fatty liver and display superior glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, increased energy expenditure, and better defense of core temperature on cold exposure. Imp2(-/-) brown fat and Imp2(-/-) brown adipocytes differentiated in vitro contain more UCP1 polypeptide than Imp2(+/+) despite similar levels of Ucp1 mRNA; the Imp2(-/-)adipocytes also exhibit greater uncoupled oxygen consumption. IMP2 binds the mRNAs encoding Ucp1 and other mitochondrial components, and most exhibit increased translational efficiency in the absence of IMP2. In vitro IMP2 inhibits translation of mRNAs bearing the Ucp1 untranslated segments. Thus IMP2 limits longevity and regulates nutrient and energy metabolism in the mouse by controlling the translation of its client mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Dai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Diabetes Unit, Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Liping Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Diabetes Unit, Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Diedra Wrighting
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Dana Krämer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Mouse Biology Unit, 00015-Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Amit Majithia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Diabetes Unit, Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yanqun Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Valentin Cracan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Diego Borges-Rivera
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Vamsi K Mootha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Diabetes Unit, Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Department of Radiology and the Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David R Thorburn
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Liliana Minichiello
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Mouse Biology Unit, 00015-Monterotondo, Italy; Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - David Altshuler
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Diabetes Unit, Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Joseph Avruch
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Diabetes Unit, Medical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Simon Y, Kessler SM, Bohle RM, Haybaeck J, Kiemer AK. The insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA-binding protein p62/IGF2BP2-2 as a promoter of NAFLD and HCC? Gut 2014; 63:861-3. [PMID: 24173291 PMCID: PMC3995267 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-305736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvette Simon
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarbrücken, Saarland, Germany
| | - Sonja M Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarbrücken, Saarland, Germany,Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rainer M Bohle
- Department of Pathology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | | | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarbrücken, Saarland, Germany
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Laggai S, Kessler SM, Boettcher S, Lebrun V, Gemperlein K, Lederer E, Leclercq IA, Mueller R, Hartmann RW, Haybaeck J, Kiemer AK. The IGF2 mRNA binding protein p62/IGF2BP2-2 induces fatty acid elongation as a critical feature of steatosis. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:1087-97. [PMID: 24755648 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m045500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver-specific overexpression of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA binding protein p62/IGF2BP2-2 induces a fatty liver, which highly expresses IGF2 Because IGF2 expression is elevated in patients with steatohepatitis, the aim of our study was to elucidate the role and interconnection of p62 and IGF2 in lipid metabolism. Expression of p62 and IGF2 highly correlated in human liver disease. p62 induced an elevated ratio of C18:C16 and increased fatty acid elongase 6 (ELOVL6) protein, the enzyme catalyzing the elongation of C16 to C18 fatty acids and promoting nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice and humans. The p62 overexpression induced the activation of the ELOVL6 transcriptional activator sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1). Recombinant IGF2 induced the nuclear translocation of SREBF1 and a neutralizing IGF2 antibody reduced ELOVL6 and mature SREBF1 protein levels. Concordantly, p62 and IGF2 correlated with ELOVL6 in human livers. Decreased palmitoyl-CoA levels, as found in p62 transgenic livers, can explain the lipogenic action of ELOVL6. Accordingly, p62 represents an inducer of hepatic C18 fatty acid production via a SREBF1-dependent induction of ELOVL6. These findings underline the detrimental role of p62 in liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Laggai
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sonja M Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany Laboratory of Hepato-gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Valérie Lebrun
- Laboratory of Hepato-gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katja Gemperlein
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Eva Lederer
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Isabelle A Leclercq
- Laboratory of Hepato-gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rolf Mueller
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W Hartmann
- Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Hahn RT, Hoppstädter J, Hirschfelder K, Hachenthal N, Diesel B, Kessler SM, Huwer H, Kiemer AK. Downregulation of the glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) promotes vascular inflammation. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234:391-400. [PMID: 24747114 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) represents an anti-inflammatory mediator, whose downregulation has been described in various inflammatory processes. Aim of our study was to decipher the regulation of GILZ in vascular inflammation. APPROACH AND RESULTS Degenerated aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass grafts (n = 15), which exhibited inflammatory cell activation as determined by enhanced monocyte chemoattractrant protein 1 (MCP-1, CCL2) and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) expression, showed significantly diminished GILZ protein and mRNA levels compared to healthy veins (n = 23). GILZ was also downregulated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and macrophages upon treatment with the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in a tristetraprolin (ZFP36, TTP)- and p38 MAPK-dependent manner. To assess the functional implications of decreased GILZ expression, we determined NF-κB activation after GILZ knockdown by siRNA and found that NF-κB activity and inflammatory gene expression were significantly enhanced. Importantly, ZFP36 is induced in TNF-α-activated HUVEC as well as in degenerated vein bypasses. When atheroprotective laminar shear stress was employed, GILZ levels in HUVEC increased on mRNA and protein level. Laminar flow also counteracted TNF-α-induced ZFP36 expression and GILZ downregulation. MAP kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP-1, DUSP1), a negative regulator of ZFP36 expression, was distinctly upregulated under laminar shear stress conditions and downregulated in degenerated vein bypasses. CONCLUSION Our data show a diminished expression of the anti-inflammatory mediator GILZ in the inflamed vasculature and indicate that GILZ downregulation requires the mRNA binding protein ZFP36. We suggest that reduced GILZ levels play a role in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca T Hahn
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Jessica Hoppstädter
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hirschfelder
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Nina Hachenthal
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Britta Diesel
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Sonja M Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Hanno Huwer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Völklingen Heart Centre, Völklingen, Germany
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany.
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Kessler SM, Simon Y, Gemperlein K, Gianmoena K, Cadenas C, Zimmer V, Pokorny J, Barghash A, Helms V, van Rooijen N, Bohle RM, Lammert F, Hengstler JG, Mueller R, Haybaeck J, Kiemer AK. Fatty acid elongation in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:5762-73. [PMID: 24714086 PMCID: PMC4013594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15045762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is characterized by quantitative and qualitative changes in hepatic lipids. Since elongation of fatty acids from C16 to C18 has recently been reported to promote both hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation we aimed to investigate whether a frequently used mouse NASH model reflects this clinically relevant feature and whether C16 to C18 elongation can be observed in HCC development. Feeding mice a methionine and choline deficient diet to model NASH not only increased total hepatic fatty acids and cholesterol, but also distinctly elevated the C18/C16 ratio, which was not changed in a model of simple steatosis (ob/ob mice). Depletion of Kupffer cells abrogated both quantitative and qualitative methionine-and-choline deficient (MCD)-induced alterations in hepatic lipids. Interestingly, mimicking inflammatory events in early hepatocarcinogenesis by diethylnitrosamine-induced carcinogenesis (48 h) increased hepatic lipids and the C18/C16 ratio. Analyses of human liver samples from patients with NASH or NASH-related HCC showed an elevated expression of the elongase ELOVL6, which is responsible for the elongation of C16 fatty acids. Taken together, our findings suggest a detrimental role of an altered fatty acid pattern in the progression of NASH-related liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja M Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Campus C2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Yvette Simon
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Campus C2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Katja Gemperlein
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University and Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Gianmoena
- Systems Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the TU Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Cristina Cadenas
- Systems Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the TU Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Vincent Zimmer
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Str., 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Juliane Pokorny
- Institute of Pathology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str., 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Ahmad Barghash
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Campus E2 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Volkhard Helms
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Campus E2 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Nico van Rooijen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Vrije Universiteit, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Rainer M Bohle
- Institute of Pathology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str., 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Frank Lammert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Str., 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Systems Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the TU Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Rolf Mueller
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University and Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Campus C2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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Laggai S, Simon Y, Ranssweiler T, Kiemer AK, Kessler SM. Rapid chromatographic method to decipher distinct alterations in lipid classes in NAFLD/NASH. World J Hepatol 2013; 5:558-567. [PMID: 24179615 PMCID: PMC3812458 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v5.i10.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To establish a simple method to quantify lipid classes in liver diseases and to decipher the lipid profile in p62/IMP2-2/IGF2BP2-2 transgenic mice.
METHODS: Liver-specific overexpression of the insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein p62/IMP2-2/IGF2BP2-2 was used as a model for steatosis. Steatohepatitis was induced by feeding a methionine-choline deficient diet. Steatosis was assessed histologically. For thin layer chromatographic analysis, lipids were extracted from freeze-dried tissues by hexane/2-propanol, dried, redissolved, and chromatographically separated by a two-solvent system. Dilution series of lipid standards were chromatographed, detected, and quantified. The detection was performed by either 2’,7’-dichlorofluoresceine or a sulfuric acid/ethanol mixture.
RESULTS: Histological analyses confirmed steatosis and steatohepatitis development. The extraction, chromatographic, and detection method showed high inter-assay reproducibility and allowed quantification of the different lipid classes. The analyses confirmed an increase of triglycerides and phosphatidylethanolamine and a decrease in phosphatidylcholine in the methionine-choline deficient diet. The method was used for the first time to asses the lipid classes induced in the p62-overexpressing mouse model and showed a significant increase in all detected lipid species with a prominent increase of triglycerides by 2-fold. Interestingly, the ratio of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylethanolamine was decreased, as previously suggested as a marker in the progression from steatosis to steatohepatitis.
CONCLUSION: The thin layer chromatography analysis allows a reliable quantification of lipid classes and provides detailed insight into the lipogenic effect of p62.
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Yu J, Shen J, Sun TT, Zhang X, Wong N. Obesity, insulin resistance, NASH and hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2013; 23:483-91. [PMID: 23876851 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and clinical data have clearly demonstrated that non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) predisposes risk to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NASH is the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome, which constellates obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Although the percentage of patients diagnosed annually with NASH-associated HCC is still relatively low, this number signifies a large population due to the rapidly increasing incidence of obesity and diabetes globally. Fundamental studies on lipid storage, regulation of adipose factors, inflammatory cytokine recruitments and oxidative stress have provided insights into NASH as well as metabolic syndrome. Recent evidence also indicates the significant role of genetic factors in contributing to the pathogenesis of NASH and induced hepatic malignancy. In this review, we attempt to collate current research on NASH biology that lead to our understandings on how metabolic disorders may intersect with cancer development. We also discuss study models that have supported discoveries of molecular and cellular defects, and offered a perspective on therapeutic developments. These studies have collectively increased our knowledge on the complex signaling pathways involved in NASH and cancer, and provided the foundation for improved clinical management of patients with metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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45
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Kessler SM, Pokorny J, Zimmer V, Laggai S, Lammert F, Bohle RM, Kiemer AK. IGF2 mRNA binding protein p62/IMP2-2 in hepatocellular carcinoma: antiapoptotic action is independent of IGF2/PI3K signaling. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2013; 304:G328-36. [PMID: 23257922 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00005.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2) mRNA binding protein (IMP) p62/IMP2-2, originally isolated from a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient, induces a steatotic phenotype when overexpressed in mouse livers. Still, p62 transgenic livers do not show liver cell damage but exhibit a pronounced induction of Igf2 and activation of the downstream survival kinase AKT. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between p62 and IGF2 expression in the human system and to study potential antiapoptotic actions of p62. p62 and IGF2 mRNA levels were assessed by real-time RT-PCR. For knockdown and overexpression experiments, human hepatoma HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5 cells were transfected with siRNA or plasmid DNA. Phosphorylated AKT and ERK1/2 were analyzed by Western blot. Investigations of 32 human HCC tissues showed a strong correlation between p62 and IGF2 expression. Of note, p62 expression was increased markedly in patients with poor outcome. In hepatoma cells overexpression of p62 lowered levels of doxorubicin-induced caspase-3-like activity. Vice versa, knockdown of p62 resulted in increased doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. However, neither PI3K inhibitors nor a neutralizing IGF2 antibody showed any effects. Western blot analysis revealed increased levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells overexpressing p62 and decreased levels in p62 knockdown experiments. When p62-overexpressing cells were treated with ERK1/2 inhibitors, the apoptosis-protecting effect of p62 was completely abrogated. Our data demonstrate that p62 exerts IGF2-independent antiapoptotic action, which is facilitated via phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Furthermore, p62 might serve as a new prognostic marker in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja M Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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46
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Glier MB, Ngai YF, Sulistyoningrum DC, Aleliunas RE, Bottiglieri T, Devlin AM. Tissue-specific relationship of S-adenosylhomocysteine with allele-specific H19/Igf2 methylation and imprinting in mice with hyperhomocysteinemia. Epigenetics 2012; 8:44-53. [PMID: 23221482 DOI: 10.4161/epi.23063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is linked to homocysteine metabolism through the generation of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) and S-Adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy). The ratio of AdoMet/AdoHcy is often considered an indicator of tissue methylation capacity. The goal of this study is to determine the relationship of tissue AdoMet and AdoHcy concentrations to allele-specific methylation and expression of genomically imprinted H19/Igf2. Expression of H19/Igf2 is regulated by a differentially methylated domain (DMD), with H19 paternally imprinted and Igf2 maternally imprinted. F1 hybrid C57BL/6J x Castaneous/EiJ (Cast) mice with (+/-), and without (+/+), heterozygous disruption of cystathionine-β-synthase (Cbs) were fed a control diet or a diet (called HH) to induce hyperhomocysteinemia and changes in tissue AdoMet and AdoHcy. F1 Cast x Cbs+/- mice fed the HH diet had significantly higher plasma total homocysteine concentrations, higher liver AdoHcy, and lower AdoMet/AdoHcy ratios and this was accompanied by lower liver maternal H19 DMD allele methylation, lower liver Igf2 mRNA levels, and loss of Igf2 maternal imprinting. In contrast, we found no significant differences in AdoMet and AdoHcy in brain between the diet groups but F1 Cast x Cbs+/- mice fed the HH diet had higher maternal H19 DMD methylation and lower H19 mRNA levels in brain. A significant negative relationship between AdoHcy and maternal H19 DMD allele methylation was found in liver but not in brain. These findings suggest the relationship of AdoMet and AdoHcy to gene-specific DNA methylation is tissue-specific and that changes in DNA methylation can occur without changes in AdoMet and AdoHcy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa B Glier
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Child & Family Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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47
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Elnar AA, Diesel B, Desor F, Feidt C, Bouayed J, Kiemer AK, Soulimani R. Neurodevelopmental and behavioral toxicity via lactational exposure to the sum of six indicator non-dioxin-like-polychlorinated biphenyls (∑6 NDL-PCBs) in mice. Toxicology 2012; 299:44-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hoppstädter J, Diesel B, Eifler LK, Schmid T, Brüne B, Kiemer AK. Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper is downregulated in human alveolar macrophages upon Toll-like receptor activation. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42:1282-93. [PMID: 22539300 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201142081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Induction of the glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) by glucocorticoids plays a role in their antiinflammatory action, whereas GILZ expression is reduced under inflammatory conditions. The mechanisms regulating GILZ expression during inflammation, however, have not yet been characterized. Here, we investigated GILZ expression in human alveolar macrophages (AMs) following Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. Macrophages were shown to predominantly express GILZ transcript variant 2. Lipopolysaccharide-treated AMs, THP-1 cells, and lungs of lipopolysaccharide-exposed mice displayed decreased GILZ protein and mRNA levels. The effect was strictly dependent on the adapter molecule MyD88, as shown by using specific ligands or a knockdown strategy. Investigations on the functional significance of GILZ downregulation performed by GILZ knockdown revealed a proinflammatory response, as indicated by increased cytokine expression and NF-κB activity. We found that TLR activation reduced GILZ mRNA stability, which was mediated via the GILZ 3'-untranslated region. Finally, involvement of the mRNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP) is suggested, since TTP overexpression or knockdown modulated GILZ expression and TTP was induced in a MyD88-dependent fashion. Taken together, our data show a MyD88- and TTP-dependent GILZ downreg-ulation in human macrophages upon TLR activation. Suppression of GILZ is mediated by mRNA destabilization, which might represent a regulatory mechanism in macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hoppstädter
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Abstract
Sequestosome 1/p62 is a signal modulator or adaptor protein involved in receptor-mediated signal transduction. Sequestosome 1/p62 is gaining attention as it is involved in several diseases including Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, liver and breast cancer, Paget's disease of bone, obesity and insulin resistance. In this review, we will focus on the most recent advances on the physiological function of p62 relevant to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangiah Geetha
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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