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Dwivedi SD, Bhoi A, Pradhan M, Sahu KK, Singh D, Singh MR. Role and uptake of metal-based nanoconstructs as targeted therapeutic carriers for rheumatoid arthritis. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:142. [PMID: 38693915 PMCID: PMC11058151 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03990-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune systemic inflammatory disease that affects the joints and other vital organs and diminishes the quality of life. The current developments and innovative treatment options have significantly slowed disease progression and improved their quality of life. Medicaments can be delivered to the inflamed synovium via nanoparticle systems, minimizing systemic and undesirable side effects. Numerous nanoparticles such as polymeric, liposomal, and metallic nanoparticles reported are impending as a good carrier with therapeutic properties. Other issues to be considered along are nontoxicity, nanosize, charge, optical property, and ease of high surface functionalization that make them suitable carriers for drug delivery. Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) (such as silver, gold, zinc, iron, titanium oxide, and selenium) not only act as good carrier with desired optical property, and high surface modification ability but also have their own therapeutical potential such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic properties, making them one of the most promising options for RA treatment. Regardless, cellular uptake of MNPs is one of the most significant criterions for targeting the medication. This paper discusses the numerous interactions of nanoparticles with cells, as well as cellular uptake of NPs. This review provides the mechanistic overview on MNPs involved in RA therapies and regulation anti-arthritis response such as ability to reduce oxidative stress, suppressing the release of proinflammatory cytokines and expression of LPS induced COX-2, and modulation of MAPK and PI3K pathways in Kuppfer cells and hepatic stellate cells. Despite of that MNPs have also ability to regulates enzymes like glutathione peroxidases (GPxs), thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs) and act as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Devi Dwivedi
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010 India
| | - Anita Bhoi
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G 492010 India
| | - Madhulika Pradhan
- Gracious College of Pharmacy, Abhanpur Raipur, Chhattisgarh 493661 India
| | - Keshav Kant Sahu
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G 492010 India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010 India
| | - Manju Rawat Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010 India
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Singh S, Sharma K, Sharma H. Green Extracts with Metal-based Nanoparticles for Treating Inflammatory Diseases: A Review. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:544-570. [PMID: 37278036 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230602164325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Globally, high death rates and poor quality of life are caused mainly by inflammatory diseases. Corticosteroids, which may have systemic side effects and would enhance the risk of infection, are the common forms of therapy. The field of nanomedicine has created composite nanoparticles that carry a pharmacological carrier and target ligands for distribution to sites of inflammation with less systemic toxicity. However, their relatively large size often causes systemic clearance. An interesting approach is metal-based nanoparticles that naturally reduce inflammation. They are made not only to be small enough to pass through biological barriers but also to allow label-free monitoring of their interactions with cells. The following literature review discusses the mechanistic analysis of the anti-inflammatory properties of several metal-based nanoparticles, including gold, silver, titanium dioxide, selenium, and zinc oxide. Current research focuses on the mechanisms by which nanoparticles infiltrate cells and the anti-inflammatory techniques using herbal extracts-based nanoparticles. Additionally, it provides a brief overview of the literature on many environmentally friendly sources employed in nanoparticle production and the mechanisms of action of various nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Singh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research GLA University, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh-281406, India
| | - Khushi Sharma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research GLA University, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh-281406, India
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- Department of Computer Engineering & Applications GLA University, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh-281406, India
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Ma Y, Feng Q, Han B, Yu R, Jin Z. Elevated HMGB1 promotes the malignant progression and contributes to cisplatin resistance of non-small cell lung cancer. Hereditas 2023; 160:33. [PMID: 37518006 PMCID: PMC10388484 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-023-00294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HMGB1 (high mobility group box B-1) exhibits crucial role in tumor genesis and development, including lung cancer. Whereas, more HMGB1-related details in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still largely unclear. METHODS The HMGB1 and inflammatory factors in malignant (MPE) and non-malignant pleural effusion (BPE) were determined by ELISA. Additionally, qRT-PCR, western blot, or immunohistochemistry were used to determine HMGB1, drug-resistant and apoptotic proteins' expressions in NSCLC A549, A549-DDP cell lines, and xenograft model. Cell viability, migration/ invasion, and apoptosis were analyzed using MTT, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. RESULTS Inflammatory factors and HMGB1 expressions in MPE were significantly higher than BPE of NSCLC. Compared with preoperative and adjacent tissues, significantly higher HMGB1, drug-resistant protein, and anti-apoptotic protein expressions were observed in recurrent tissues. Overexpressed HMGB1 induced NSCLC cells to exhibit stronger aggressive, proliferative, and drug-resistant features. The related abilities were reversed when HMGB1 was interfered. Overexpressed HMGB1 showed a similar co-localization with drug resistant protein P-gp in cytoplasm in xenograft model, while low HMGB1 expression localized in cell nucleus. CONCLUSIONS HMGB1 overexpression significantly promoted the malignant progression and cisplatin resistance of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No.1 Tong Dao Bei Road, Hohhot, 010059, China
| | - Qin Feng
- Inner Mongolia Cancer Hospital and Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010020, China
| | - Bateer Han
- Inner Mongolia Cancer Hospital and Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010020, China
| | - Rong Yu
- Inner Mongolia Cancer Hospital and Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010020, China
| | - Zhiyong Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No.1 Tong Dao Bei Road, Hohhot, 010059, China.
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Feng W, Chen J, Huang W, Wang G, Chen X, Duan L, Yin Y, Chen X, Zhang B, Sun M, Luo X, Nie Y, Fan D, Wu K, Xia L. HMGB1-mediated elevation of KLF7 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma progression and metastasis through upregulating TLR4 and PTK2. Theranostics 2023; 13:4042-4058. [PMID: 37554278 PMCID: PMC10405848 DOI: 10.7150/thno.84388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Metastasis is a major cause of HCC-related deaths with no effective pharmacotherapies. Chronic inflammation promotes HCC dissemination, however, its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the role of Krüppel-like factor 7 (KLF7) in inflammation-provoked HCC metastasis and proposed therapeutic strategies for KLF7-positive patients. Methods: The expression of KLF7 in human HCC specimens were examined by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR. The luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to explore the transcriptional regulation related to KLF7. Orthotopic xenograft models and DEN/CCl4-induced HCC models were established to evaluate HCC progression and metastasis. Results: KLF7 overexpression promotes HCC metastasis through transactivating toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2) expression. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) upregulates KLF7 expression through the TLR4/advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (RAGE)-PI3K-AKT-NF-κB pathway, forming an HMGB1-KLF7-TLR4 positive feedback loop. The HMGB1-KLF7-TLR4/PTK2 axis is gradually activated during the progression of inflammation-HCC transition. Genetic depletion of KLF7 impedes HMGB1-mediated HCC progression and metastasis. The combined application of TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 and PTK2 inhibitor defactinib alleviates HCC progression and metastasis induced by the HMGB1-KLF7 axis. In human HCCs, KLF7 expression is positively correlated with cytoplasmic HMGB1, p-p65, TLR4, and PTK2 levels, and patients positively co-expressing HMGB1/KLF7, p-p65/KLF7, KLF7/TLR4 or KLF7/PTK2 exhibit the worst prognosis. Conclusions: HMGB1-induced KLF7 overexpression facilitates HCC progression and metastasis by upregulating TLR4 and PTK2. Genetic ablation of KLF7 via AAV gene therapy and combined blockade of TLR4 and PTK2 represents promising therapy strategies for KLF7-positive HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases; Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xilang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lili Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases; Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases; Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Mengyu Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiangyuan Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Limin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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Porter RJ, Murray GI, Hapca S, Hay A, Craig SG, Humphries MP, James JA, Salto-Tellez M, Brice DP, Berry SH, McLean MH. Subcellular Epithelial HMGB1 Expression Is Associated with Colorectal Neoplastic Progression, Male Sex, Mismatch Repair Protein Expression, Lymph Node Positivity, and an 'Immune Cold' Phenotype Associated with Poor Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061865. [PMID: 36980751 PMCID: PMC10047220 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
New treatment targets are needed for colorectal cancer (CRC). We define expression of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) protein throughout colorectal neoplastic progression and examine the biological consequences of aberrant expression. HMGB1 is a ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein that shuttles to the cytoplasm under cellular stress. HMGB1 impacts cellular responses, acting as a cytokine when secreted. A total of 846 human tissue samples were retrieved; 6242 immunohistochemically stained sections were reviewed. Subcellular epithelial HMGB1 expression was assessed in a CRC Tissue Microarray (n = 650), normal colonic epithelium (n = 75), adenomatous polyps (n = 52), and CRC polyps (CaP, n = 69). Stromal lymphocyte phenotype was assessed in the CRC microarray and a subgroup of CaP. Normal colonic epithelium has strong nuclear and absent cytoplasmic HMGB1. With progression to CRC, there is an emergence of strong cytoplasmic HMGB1 (p < 0.001), pronounced at the leading cancer edge within CaP (p < 0.001), and reduction in nuclear HMGB1 (p < 0.001). In CRC, absent nuclear HMGB1 is associated with mismatch repair proteins (p = 0.001). Stronger cytoplasmic HMGB1 is associated with lymph node positivity (p < 0.001) and male sex (p = 0.009). Stronger nuclear (p = 0.011) and cytoplasmic (p = 0.002) HMGB1 is associated with greater CD4+ T-cell density, stronger nuclear HMGB1 is associated with greater FOXP3+ (p < 0.001) and ICOS+ (p = 0.018) lymphocyte density, and stronger nuclear HMGB1 is associated with reduced CD8+ T-cell density (p = 0.022). HMGB1 does not directly impact survival but is associated with an 'immune cold' tumour microenvironment which is associated with poor survival (p < 0.001). HMGB1 may represent a new treatment target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross J Porter
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Graeme I Murray
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Sandra Hapca
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Andrew Hay
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Stephanie G Craig
- Precision Medicine Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cell Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Matthew P Humphries
- Precision Medicine Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cell Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Jacqueline A James
- Precision Medicine Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cell Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Manuel Salto-Tellez
- Precision Medicine Centre of Excellence, Centre for Cell Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Daniel P Brice
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation and Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WU, UK
| | - Susan H Berry
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Mairi H McLean
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
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Dialog beyond the Grave: Necrosis in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Contribution to Tumor Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065278. [PMID: 36982351 PMCID: PMC10049335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous molecules released from the necrotic cells dying after exposure to various stressors. After binding to their receptors, they can stimulate various signaling pathways in target cells. DAMPs are especially abundant in the microenvironment of malignant tumors and are suspected to influence the behavior of malignant and stromal cells in multiple ways often resulting in promotion of cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis, as well as increased immune evasion. This review will start with a reminder of the main features of cell necrosis, which will be compared to other forms of cell death. Then we will summarize the various methods used to assess tumor necrosis in clinical practice including medical imaging, histopathological examination, and/or biological assays. We will also consider the importance of necrosis as a prognostic factor. Then the focus will be on the DAMPs and their role in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We will address not only their interactions with the malignant cells, frequently leading to cancer progression, but also with the immune cells and their contribution to immunosuppression. Finally, we will emphasize the role of DAMPs released by necrotic cells in the activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the possible contributions of TLRs to tumor development. This last point is very important for the future of cancer therapeutics since there are attempts to use TLR artificial ligands for cancer therapeutics.
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Araki H, Tazawa H, Kanaya N, Kajiwara Y, Yamada M, Hashimoto M, Kikuchi S, Kuroda S, Yoshida R, Umeda Y, Urata Y, Kagawa S, Fujiwara T. Oncolytic virus-mediated p53 overexpression promotes immunogenic cell death and efficacy of PD-1 blockade in pancreatic cancer. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 27:3-13. [PMID: 36212775 PMCID: PMC9513735 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Wang X, Simayi A, Fu J, Zhao X, Xu G. Resveratrol mediates the miR-149/HMGB1 axis and regulates the ferroptosis pathway to protect myocardium in endotoxemia mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E21-E32. [PMID: 35532075 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00227.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Endotoxemia is a common complication often used to model the acute inflammatory response associated with endotoxemia. Resveratrol has been shown to exert a wide range of therapeutic effects due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study explored the effect of resveratrol on endotoxemia. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia mouse model and endotoxemia myocardial injury cell model were established and treated with resveratrol. Cardiomyocyte activity, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content in cell supernatant, glutathione (GSH) consumption, lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and iron accumulation were detected. Cardiac function indexes [left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), ejection fraction (EF)%, and fractional shortening (FS)%] were measured using echocardiography. The creatine kinase muscle/brain isoenzyme (CK-MB) and CK levels in the serum were detected using an automatic biochemical analyzer. The downstream target of miR-149 was predicted, and the binding relationship between miR-149 and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was verified using a dual-luciferase assay. miR-149 and HMGB1 expressions were detected using RT-qPCR and Western blot. After resveratrol treatment, cardiomyocyte viability and GSH were increased, and LDH secretion, lipid ROS production, lipid peroxidation, and iron accumulation were decreased, and cardiac function and cardiomyocyte injury were improved. Resveratrol improved LPS-induced endotoxemia cardiomyocyte injury by upregulating miR-149 and inhibiting ferroptosis. Resveratrol inhibited HMGB1 expression by upregulating miR-149. HMGB1 upregulation reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-149 on LPS-induced ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes. Resveratrol upregulated miR-149 and downregulated HMGB1 to inhibit ferroptosis and improve myocardial injury in mice with LPS-induced endotoxemia. Collectively, resveratrol upregulated miR-149, downregulated HMGB1, and inhibited the ferroptosis pathway, thus improving cardiomyocyte injury in LPS-induced endotoxemia.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Sepsis is an unusual systemic reaction. Resveratrol is involved in sepsis treatment. This study explored the mechanism of resveratrol in sepsis by regulating the miR-149/HMGB1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Anesthesia Management, Ürümqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Alimujiang Simayi
- Department of Anesthesiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Anesthesia Management, Ürümqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Anesthesia Management, Ürümqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Anesthesia Management, Ürümqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiping Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Anesthesia Management, Ürümqi, People's Republic of China
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9
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Chen R, Kang R, Tang D. The mechanism of HMGB1 secretion and release. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:91-102. [PMID: 35217834 PMCID: PMC8894452 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00736-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone nuclear protein that has multiple functions according to its subcellular location. In the nucleus, HMGB1 is a DNA chaperone that maintains the structure and function of chromosomes. In the cytoplasm, HMGB1 can promote autophagy by binding to BECN1 protein. After its active secretion or passive release, extracellular HMGB1 usually acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule, regulating inflammation and immune responses through different receptors or direct uptake. The secretion and release of HMGB1 is fine-tuned by a variety of factors, including its posttranslational modification (e.g., acetylation, ADP-ribosylation, phosphorylation, and methylation) and the molecular machinery of cell death (e.g., apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, alkaliptosis, and ferroptosis). In this minireview, we introduce the basic structure and function of HMGB1 and focus on the regulatory mechanism of HMGB1 secretion and release. Understanding these topics may help us develop new HMGB1-targeted drugs for various conditions, especially inflammatory diseases and tissue damage. A nuclear protein that gets released after cell death or is actively secreted by immune cells offers a promising therapeutic target for treating diseases linked to excessive inflammation. Daolin Tang from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, USA, and colleagues review how cellular stresses can trigger the accumulation of HMGB1, a type of alarm signal protein that promotes the recruitment and activation of inflammation-promoting immune cells. The researchers discuss various mechanisms that drive both passive and active release of HMGB1 into the space around cells. These processes, which include enzymatic modifications of the HMGB1 protein, cell–cell interactions and molecular pathways of cell death, could be targeted by drugs to lessen tissue damage and inflammatory disease caused by HMGB1-induced immune responses
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Podolska MJ, Shan X, Janko C, Boukherroub R, Gaipl US, Szunerits S, Frey B, Muñoz LE. Graphene-Induced Hyperthermia (GIHT) Combined With Radiotherapy Fosters Immunogenic Cell Death. Front Oncol 2021; 11:664615. [PMID: 34485114 PMCID: PMC8415397 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.664615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the standard interventions for cancer patients, although cancer cells often develop radio- and/or chemoresistance. Hyperthermia reduces tumor resistance and induces immune responses resulting in a better prognosis. We have previously described a method to induce tumor cell death by local hyperthermia employing pegylated reduced graphene oxide nanosheets and near infrared light (graphene-induced hyperthermia, GIHT). The spatiotemporal exposure/release of heat shock proteins (HSP), high group mobility box 1 protein (HMGB1), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are reported key inducers of immunogenic cell death (ICD). We hypothesize that GIHT decisively contributes to induce ICD in irradiated melanoma B16F10 cells, especially in combination with radiotherapy. Therefore, we investigated the immunogenicity of GIHT alone or in combination with radiotherapy in melanoma B16F10 cells. Tumor cell death in vitro revealed features of apoptosis that is progressing fast into secondary necrosis. Both HSP70 and HMGB1/DNA complexes were detected 18 hours post GIHT treatment, whereas the simultaneous release of ATP and HMGB1/DNA was observed only 24 hours post combined treatment. We further confirmed the adjuvant potential of these released DAMPs by immunization/challenge experiments. The inoculation of supernatants of cells exposed to sole GIHT resulted in tumor growth at the site of inoculation. The immunization with cells exposed to sole radiotherapy rather fostered the growth of secondary tumors in vivo. Contrarily, a discreet reduction of secondary tumor volumes was observed in mice immunized with a single dose of cells and supernatants treated with the combination of GIHT and irradiation. We propose the simultaneous release of several DAMPs as a potential mechanism fostering anti-tumor immunity against previously irradiated cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata J Podolska
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xiaomei Shan
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Janko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520-IEMN, Lille, France
| | - Udo S Gaipl
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520-IEMN, Lille, France
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luis E Muñoz
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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11
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Zhang H, Wang Z, Liu Z, Du K, Lu X. Protective Effects of Dexazoxane on Rat Ferroptosis in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy Through Regulating HMGB1. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:685434. [PMID: 34336950 PMCID: PMC8318065 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.685434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexrazoxane (DXZ) reduces cytotoxicity caused by Doxorubicin (DOX). However, the mechanism of DXZ in ferroptosis and cardiomyopathy remains unclear. This research, therefore, explores the role and mechanism of DXZ in DOX-induced ferroptosis and cardiomyopathy in rats. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed in rats treated by DOX in combination with ferroptosis inhibitor (FER-1) or other cell death–associated inhibitors. The ferroptosis, cardiotoxicity, and expression of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in rats treated by DOX in combination with FER-1 or with DXZ were determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining, echocardiographic analysis, and quantitative real-time PCR. The ferroptosis in DOX-treated rats that received HMGB1 knockdown or overexpression was further detected using molecular experiments. Finally, the viability, level of malondialdehyde (MDA), and expressions of ferroptosis-related markers (PTGS2, GPX4, and FTH1) of rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 exposed to DOX combined with FER-1, zVAD (an apoptosis inhibitor), DXZ, or not were detected by performing molecular experiments. FER-1 increased the survival of the rats induced by DOX. The DOX-induced ferroptosis and cardiotoxicity could be reversed by FER-1 or DXZ. HMGB1 was induced by DOX but was inhibited by DXZ or FER-1. Overexpression of HMGB1 promoted the ferroptosis and cardiotoxicity induced by DOX in the rats although silencing of HMGB1 showed opposite effects. The data indicate that DOX suppressed the viability and increased the MDA level in H9c2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, DOX-induced increase of PTGS2 and decrease of GPX4 and FTH1 in H9c2 cells was reversed by DXZ or FER-1. Therefore, DXZ has protective effects on ferroptosis and cardiomyopathy in rats through regulating HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengxia Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kang Du
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Inflammation during Lung Cancer Progression and Ethyl Pyruvate Treatment Observed by Pulmonary Functional Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI in Mice. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2021; 2021:9918702. [PMID: 34257627 PMCID: PMC8261185 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9918702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the suitability of hyperpolarized 129Xe (HPXe) MRI for noninvasive longitudinal evaluation of pulmonary function in preclinical lung cancer models. A mouse model of lung cancer (LC) was induced in 5 mice by intraperitoneal injection of urethane, while a negative-control (NC) mice (N = 5) was prepared by injection of saline solution. Longitudinal HPXe MRI was performed over a 5-month period to monitor lung ventilation and gas exchange. The treatment efficacy of ethyl pyruvate (EP), an anti-inflammatory drug, to the mouse LC model was monitored using HPXe MRI by commencing administration of EP pre (early-phase) and 1-month post (late-phase) injection of urethane (N = 5 mice for each group). Gas-exchange function in LC mice was significantly reduced at 1-month after urethane injection compared with NC mice administered with saline (P < 0.01). Thereafter, it remained consistently lower than that of the NC group for the full 5-month measurement period. In contrast, the ventilation function of the LC model mice was not significantly different to that of the NC mice. Histological analysis revealed alveolar epithelial hyperplasia in LC mice alveoli at 1 month after urethane injection, and adenoma was confirmed 3 months after the injection. The early- and late-phase EP interventions were found to improve HPXe MRI metrics (reduced at 1 month postinjection of urethane) and significantly inhibit tumor growth. These results suggest that HPXe MRI gas-exchange metrics can be used to quantitatively assess changes in the precancerous lesion microenvironment and to evaluate therapeutic efficacy in cancer. Thus, HPXe MRI can be utilized to noninvasively monitor pulmonary pathology during LC progression and can visualize functional changes during therapy.
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13
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Zhu W, Li J, Zhang Y, Zhu Z, Liu H, Lin Y, Hu A, Zhou J, Ren H, Shi X. Inhibition of HMGB1 Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via HIPK2-Mediated Autophagic Degradation of ZEB1. Front Oncol 2021; 11:599124. [PMID: 33747917 PMCID: PMC7969871 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.599124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process maintaining cellular homeostasis and reportedly plays a critical role in tumor progression. Accumulating data show that autophagic activity is inhibited in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the underlying molecular basis of impaired autophagy in HCC remains unclear. In this study, we revealed that autophagic activity was suppressed by HMGB1 in a HIPK2-dependent way. Targeting HMGB1 could inhibit the degradation of HIPK2, as a result of which, autophagic degradation of ZEB1 was enhanced by reprogramming glucose metabolism/AMPK/mTOR axis. Moreover, we demonstrated that selectively degradation of ZEB1 was responsible for HCC growth inhibition in HMGB1 deficient cells. Lastly, we found the combination therapy of HMGB1 inhibitor and rapamycin achieved a better anti-HCC effect. These results demonstrate that impaired autophagy is controlled by HMGB1 and targeting HMGB1 could suppress HCC progression via HIPK2-mediated autophagic degradation of ZEB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengyi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanyi Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunzhen Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Anyin Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingchao Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Haozhen Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolei Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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14
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Han H, Desert R, Das S, Song Z, Athavale D, Ge X, Nieto N. Danger signals in liver injury and restoration of homeostasis. J Hepatol 2020; 73:933-951. [PMID: 32371195 PMCID: PMC7502511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Damage-associated molecular patterns are signalling molecules involved in inflammatory responses and restoration of homeostasis. Chronic release of these molecules can also promote inflammation in the context of liver disease. Herein, we provide a comprehensive summary of the role of damage-associated molecular patterns as danger signals in liver injury. We consider the role of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species as inducers of damage-associated molecular patterns, as well as how specific damage-associated molecular patterns participate in the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases such as alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis and liver cancer. In addition, we discuss the role of damage-associated molecular patterns in ischaemia reperfusion injury and liver transplantation and highlight current studies in which blockade of specific damage-associated molecular patterns has proven beneficial in humans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 130 CSN, MC 847, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Romain Desert
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 130 CSN, MC 847, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sukanta Das
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 130 CSN, MC 847, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Zhuolun Song
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 130 CSN, MC 847, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Dipti Athavale
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 130 CSN, MC 847, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Xiaodong Ge
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 130 CSN, MC 847, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Natalia Nieto
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 130 CSN, MC 847, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., Suite 1020N, MC 787, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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15
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Chandimali N, Koh H, Kim J, Lee J, Park YH, Sun HN, Kwon T. BRM270 targets cancer stem cells and augments chemo-sensitivity in cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:103. [PMID: 32831922 PMCID: PMC7439126 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, a number of studies have demonstrated the resistance of cancer cells to conventional drugs and have recognized this as a major challenge in cancer therapy. While attempting to understand the underlying mechanisms of chemoresistance, several studies have suggested that the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumors is one of the major pathways contributing toward resistance. Chemoresistance leads to cancer treatment failure and worsens the prognosis of patients. Natural herbal compounds are gaining attention as an alternative treatment strategy for cancer. These compounds may be effective against chemoresistant cells either alone or synergistically alongside conventional drugs, sensitizing cancer cells and enhancing the therapeutic efficacy. BRM270 is a natural compound made from seven herbal plant (Saururus chinensis, Citrus unshiu Markovich, Aloe vera, Arnebia euchroma, Portulaca oleracea, Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina and Scutellaria bacicalensis) extracts used in Asian traditional medicine and has the potential to target CSCs. Several studies have demonstrated the positive effects of BRM270 against chemoresistant cancer and its synergy alongside existing cancer drugs, including paclitaxel and gefitinib. These effects have been observed against various cancer types, including resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), glioblastoma, multi-drug resistant osteosarcoma, cervical cancer, pancreatic cancer and hepatocarcinoma. The present review discusses the effects of BRM270 treatment against CSC-associated chemoresistance in common types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisansala Chandimali
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyebin Koh
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.,Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-Si, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihwan Kim
- Korean Convergence Medicine Centre, 100 years Oriental Medical Clinic, Seoul 04783, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaihyung Lee
- Epigenetics Drug Discovery Centre, Haeam Convalescence Hospital, Gyeonggi 12458, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Ho Park
- Evidence-based Medicine Centre, Park Yang Ho BRM Institute, Seoul 07163, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu-Nan Sun
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeonbuk 56216, Republic of Korea
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16
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Porter RJ, Murray GI, Brice DP, Petty RD, McLean MH. Novel biomarkers for risk stratification of Barrett's oesophagus associated neoplastic progression-epithelial HMGB1 expression and stromal lymphocytic phenotype. Br J Cancer 2019; 122:545-554. [PMID: 31831860 PMCID: PMC7028982 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0685-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma is increasing globally. Barrett's oesophagus (BO) is a pre-malignant condition with no biomarker to risk stratify those at highest risk of dysplasia and malignant transformation. METHODS Subcellular epithelial protein (HMGB1, p53, RUNX3) expression, alongside expression of CD20, CD4, CD8 and Foxp3 to characterise stromal B lymphocyte, and helper, cytotoxic and regulatory T-lymphocyte cell infiltrate, respectively, was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 218 human tissue samples including normal oesophageal/gastric biopsies (n = 39), BO (non-dysplasia, dysplasia, non-dysplastic background from progressors to dysplasia or cancer, n = 121) and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (n = 58). RESULTS There is a dynamic subcellular epithelial expression of HMGB1 (loss of nuclear, emergence of cytoplasmic), associated with epithelial p53 expression and differential immune cell phenotype in oesophageal neoplastic progression. We identify a protein signature and lymphocyte infiltrate in non-dysplastic BO when progressive disease (dysplasia or adenocarcinoma) is present but not histologically represented in the biopsied field. There is a dynamic stromal lymphocytic infiltrate in oesophageal neoplastic progression. CONCLUSIONS This data reveals novel insights into the microenvironment of BO and progression towards cancer and identifies a novel high-risk biomarker of disease progression to aid surveillance strategies to identify early progression and impact future incidence of oesophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross J Porter
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Graeme I Murray
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Daniel P Brice
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Russell D Petty
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 1GZ, UK
| | - Mairi H McLean
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
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17
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Cheng KJ, Alshawsh MA, Mejia Mohamed EH, Thavagnanam S, Sinniah A, Ibrahim ZA. HMGB1: an overview of its versatile roles in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 43:177-193. [PMID: 31677065 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein, a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule, has been found to play multifunctional roles in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Although much attention has been given to the diagnostic and prognostic values of HMGB1 in colorectal cancer, the exact functional roles of the protein as well as the mechanistic pathways involved have remained poorly defined. This systematic review aims to discuss what is currently known about the roles of HMGB1 in colorectal cancer development, growth and progression, and to highlight critical areas for future investigations. To achieve this, the bibliographic databases Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect were systematically screened for articles from inception till June 2018, which address associations of HMGB1 with colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS HMGB1 plays multiple roles in promoting the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, despite a few contradicting studies. HMGB1 may differentially regulate disease-related processes, depending on the redox status of the protein in colorectal cancer. Binding of HMGB1 to various protein partners may alter the impact of HMGB1 on disease progression. As HMGB1 is heavily implicated in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, it is crucial to further improve our understanding of the functional roles of HMGB1 not only in colorectal cancer, but ultimately in all types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Jun Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Surendran Thavagnanam
- Paediatric Department, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel Road, Whitechapel, London, E1 1BB, UK
| | - Ajantha Sinniah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zaridatul Aini Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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18
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Schröder M, Yusein-Myashkova S, Todorova J, Pasheva E, Ugrinova I. High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) stimulates the nuclear accumulation of p53. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1604159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Schröder
- Department of Structure and Function of Chromatin, Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev’’, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Shazie Yusein-Myashkova
- Department of Structure and Function of Chromatin, Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev’’, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jordana Todorova
- Department of Structure and Function of Chromatin, Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev’’, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Evdokia Pasheva
- Department of Structure and Function of Chromatin, Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev’’, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iva Ugrinova
- Department of Structure and Function of Chromatin, Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev’’, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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19
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Zhang T, Guan XW, Gribben JG, Liu FT, Jia L. Blockade of HMGB1 signaling pathway by ethyl pyruvate inhibits tumor growth in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:330. [PMID: 30988279 PMCID: PMC6465275 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1563-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein in the tumor microenvironment actively contributes to tumor progression but its role in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism by which HMGB1 promotes tumor growth in DLBCL and whether blockade of HMGB1 signaling pathway could inhibit tumorigenesis. We report that HMGB1 promotes proliferation of DLBCL cells by activation of AKT, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and SRC Proto-Oncogene, Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (Src). Ethyl pyruvate (EP), an anti-inflammatory agent, inhibits HMGB1 active release from DLBCL cells and significantly inhibited proliferation of DLBCL cells in vitro. Treatment with EP significantly prevented and inhibited tumor growth in vivo and prolonged DLBCL-bearing mice survival. EP significantly downregulated HMGB1 expression and phosphorylation of Src and ERK1/2 in mice lymphoma tissue. EP induced accumulation of the cell cycle inhibitor p27 but downregulated expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Increased nuclear translocation of p27 interacted with CDK2 and cyclin A, which led to blockade of cell cycle progression at the G1 to S phase transition. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that blockade of HMGB1-mediated signaling pathway by EP effectively inhibited DLBCL tumorigenesis and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu-Wen Guan
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - John G Gribben
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Feng-Ting Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China. .,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China.
| | - Li Jia
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China. .,Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK.
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20
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HMGB1 as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Malignant Mesothelioma. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:4183157. [PMID: 30891101 PMCID: PMC6390248 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4183157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare, aggressive, and highly lethal cancer that is substantially induced by exposure to asbestos fibers. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an intriguing proinflammatory molecule involved in MM. In this review, we describe the possible crucial roles of HMGB1 in carcinogenic mechanisms based on in vivo and in vitro experimental evidence and outline the clinical findings of epidemiological investigations regarding the possible roles of HMGB1 as a biomarker for MM. We conclude that novel strategies targeting HMGB1 may suppress MM cells and interfere with asbestos-induced inflammation.
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21
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Roux B, Noyau L, Julien B. [Hepatocarcinoma: breath or ferment]. Med Sci (Paris) 2019; 34:1107-1109. [PMID: 30623768 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2018303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pour la troisième année, dans le cadre du module d’enseignement « Physiopathologie de la signalisation » proposé par l’université Paris-sud, les étudiants du Master « Biologie Santé » de l’université Paris-Saclay se sont confrontés à l’écriture scientifique. Ils ont sélectionné 8 articles scientifiques récents dans le domaine de la signalisation cellulaire présentant des résultats originaux, via des approches expérimentales variées, sur des thèmes allant des relations hôte-pathogène aux innovations thérapeutiques, en passant par la signalisation hépatique et le métabolisme. Après un travail préparatoire réalisé avec l’équipe pédagogique, les étudiants, organisés en binômes, ont ensuite rédigé, guidés par des chercheurs, une Nouvelle soulignant les résultats majeurs et l’originalité de l’article étudié. Ils ont beaucoup apprécié cette initiation à l’écriture d’articles scientifiques et, comme vous pourrez le lire, se sont investis dans ce travail avec enthousiasme ! Une de ces Nouvelles est publiée dans ce numéro, les autres le seront dans les prochains numéros de m/s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Roux
- M1 Biologie-Santé, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Laura Noyau
- M1 Biologie-Santé, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Boris Julien
- Institut Curie, U1021/UMR3347, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
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22
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Agarwal H, Nakara A, Shanmugam VK. Anti-inflammatory mechanism of various metal and metal oxide nanoparticles synthesized using plant extracts: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:2561-2572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Ding C, Yu H, Shi C, Shi T, Qin H, Cui Y. MiR-let-7e inhibits invasion and magration and regulates HMGB1 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 110:528-536. [PMID: 30530288 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer keeps rapidly increasing worldwide and the most frequent type is papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are proved dysregulated in many types of malignancies, including thyroid cancer. Although miR-let-7e has been implicated in several types of cancer regulation, relatively little is known about the function of miR-let-7e in PTC. In this study, we showed that the overexpression of miR-let-7e or knockdown of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) inhibited cell migration and invasion. MiR-let-7e downregulates HMGB1 expression by directly targeting the HMGB1 3'-UTR. Furthermore, HMGB1 reintroduction reversed the anti-proliferation, anti-migration, and anti-invasion roles of miR-let-7e. miR-let-7e might function as a tumor suppressor in papillary thyroid carcinoma through HMGB1. Therefore, our study demonstrates that miR-let-7e plays an important role in papillary thyroid carcinoma progression and might represent a new potential therapeutic target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ding
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, PR China; State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, PR China
| | - Huiming Yu
- Departments of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, PR China; State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, PR China
| | - Chenlei Shi
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, PR China; State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, PR China
| | - Tiefeng Shi
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, PR China; State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, PR China
| | - Huadong Qin
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, PR China
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, PR China; State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, PR China.
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24
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Wang B, Lian YJ, Su WJ, Peng W, Dong X, Liu LL, Gong H, Zhang T, Jiang CL, Wang YX. HMGB1 mediates depressive behavior induced by chronic stress through activating the kynurenine pathway. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 72:51-60. [PMID: 29195782 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study has reported that the proactive secretion and role of central high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive behavior. Here, the potential mechanism of HMGB1 mediating chronic-stress-induced depression through the kynurenine pathway (KP) was further explored both in vivo and in vitro. Depression model was established with the 4-week chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Sucrose preference and Barnes maze test were performed to reflect depressive behaviors. The ratio of kynurenine (KYN)/tryptophan (Trp) represented the enzyme activity of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Gene transcription and protein expression were assayed by real-time RT-PCR and western-blot or ELISA kit respectively. Along with depressive behaviors, HMGB1 concentrations in the hippocampus and serum substantially increased post 4-week CUMS exposure. Concurrent with the upregulated HMGB1 protein, the regulator of translocation of HMGB1, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) concentration in the hippocampus remarkably increased. In addition to HMGB1 and SIRT1, IDO, the rate limiting enzyme of KP, was upregulated at the level of mRNA expression and enzyme activity in stressed hippocampi and LPS/HMGB1-treated hippocampal slices. The gene transcription of kynurenine monooxygenase (KMO) and kynureninase (KYNU) in the downstream of KP also increased both in vivo and in vitro. Mice treated with ethyl pyruvate (EP), the inhibitor of HMGB1 releasing, were observed with lower tendency of developing depressive behaviors and reduced activation of enzymes in KP. All of these experiments demonstrate that the role of HMGB1 on the induction of depressive behavior is mediated by KP activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Lab of Stress Medicine, Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yong-Jie Lian
- Lab of Stress Medicine, Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Su
- Lab of Stress Medicine, Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Wei Peng
- Lab of Stress Medicine, Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Department of Psychiatry, The 92nd Hospital of PLA, Nanping 353000, PR China
| | - Xin Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Lin-Lin Liu
- Lab of Stress Medicine, Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Department of Nursing, The 474th Hospital of PLA, Urumqi 830012, PR China
| | - Hong Gong
- Lab of Stress Medicine, Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Navy Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Chun-Lei Jiang
- Lab of Stress Medicine, Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yun-Xia Wang
- Lab of Stress Medicine, Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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25
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Chen R, Zhu S, Fan XG, Wang H, Lotze MT, Zeh HJ, Billiar TR, Kang R, Tang D. High mobility group protein B1 controls liver cancer initiation through yes-associated protein -dependent aerobic glycolysis. Hepatology 2018; 67:1823-1841. [PMID: 29149457 PMCID: PMC5906197 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Emerging studies have suggested that the Hippo pathway is involved in the tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the key regulator of the Hippo pathway in liver tumor metabolic reprogramming remains elusive. Here, we provide evidence that high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a chromosomal protein, plays a role in the regulation of the Hippo pathway during liver tumorigenesis. Cre/loxP recombination-mediated HMGB1 depletion in hepatocytes blocks diethylnitrosamine-induced liver cancer initiation in mice, whereas short hairpin RNA-mediated gene silencing of HMGB1 inhibits HCC cell proliferation. Mechanistically, the binding of HMGB1 to GA-binding protein alpha promotes the expression of yes-associated protein (YAP), a major downstream effector of the Hippo pathway that contributes to liver tumorigenesis by inducing hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α)-dependent aerobic glycolysis. Like wild-type YAP-complementary DNA, YAP-5SA-S94A can restore HIF1α DNA binding activity, glycolysis-associated gene expression, and HIF1α-YAP complex formation in YAP-knockdown HCC cell lines. In contrast, verteporfin, a reagent targeting the interface between YAP and TEA domain transcription factor, has the ability to block YAP-HIF1α complex formation. Notably, genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of the HMGB1-YAP-HIF1α pathway confers protection against excessive glycolysis and tumor growth in mice. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that HMGB1 plays a novel role in modulating the YAP-dependent HIF1α pathway and shed light on the development of metabolism-targeting therapeutics for HCC chemoprevention. (Hepatology 2018;67:1823-1841).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochan Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Center for DAMP Biology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510510, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and State Key Lab of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shan Zhu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Center for DAMP Biology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510510, China
| | - Xue-Gong Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and State Key Lab of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, North Shore University Hospital and The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York 11030, USA
| | - Michael T. Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Herbert J. Zeh
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Timothy R. Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Center for DAMP Biology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Protein Modification and Degradation Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510510, China
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26
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Lin X, Chen Y. Identification of Potentially Functional CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Integrated Microarray Analysis. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2018; 24:70-78. [PMID: 29706616 PMCID: PMC5949053 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.909737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignancy of the liver and recent studies have revealed that circular RNA (circRNA) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HCC. Some circRNAs may act as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge to affect miRNA activities in the regulation of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. However, the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in HCC remains largely unknown. MATERIAL AND METHODS The circRNA expression profiles (GSE94508 and GSE97332), miRNA and mRNA expression profile (GSE22058) were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus microarray data and then a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in HCC was constructed. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of differentially expressed (DE) genes were performed. The functional circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules were constructed using cytoHubba plugin based on Cytoscape and KEGG enrichment analysis. RESULTS The network contained 60 circRNA-miRNA pairs and 4982 miRNA-mRNA pairs, including 29 circRNAs, 16 miRNAs, and 1249 mRNAs. GO and KEGG pathway analysis revealed the network might be involved in the procession of carcinogenesis such as cell proliferation, cell cycle, and p53 signaling pathway. In addition, 3 top ranked circRNAs (hsa_circ_0078279, hsa_circ_0007456, and hsa_circ_0004913) related networks were identified to be highly correlated with the pathogenesis of HCC. Furthermore, the functional circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules were constructed based on the 3 top-ranked circRNAs and those DE genes enriched in carcinogenesis related pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that a specific circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network is associated with the carcinogenesis of HCC, which might aid in the identification of molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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27
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Krstic J, Galhuber M, Schulz TJ, Schupp M, Prokesch A. p53 as a Dichotomous Regulator of Liver Disease: The Dose Makes the Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E921. [PMID: 29558460 PMCID: PMC5877782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle-related disorders, such as the metabolic syndrome, have become a primary risk factor for the development of liver pathologies that can progress from hepatic steatosis, hepatic insulin resistance, steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis, to the most severe condition of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While the prevalence of liver pathologies is steadily increasing in modern societies, there are currently no approved drugs other than chemotherapeutic intervention in late stage HCC. Hence, there is a pressing need to identify and investigate causative molecular pathways that can yield new therapeutic avenues. The transcription factor p53 is well established as a tumor suppressor and has recently been described as a central metabolic player both in physiological and pathological settings. Given that liver is a dynamic tissue with direct exposition to ingested nutrients, hepatic p53, by integrating cellular stress response, metabolism and cell cycle regulation, has emerged as an important regulator of liver homeostasis and dysfunction. The underlying evidence is reviewed herein, with a focus on clinical data and animal studies that highlight a direct influence of p53 activity on different stages of liver diseases. Based on current literature showing that activation of p53 signaling can either attenuate or fuel liver disease, we herein discuss the hypothesis that, while hyper-activation or loss of function can cause disease, moderate induction of hepatic p53 within physiological margins could be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of liver pathologies. Hence, stimuli that lead to a moderate and temporary p53 activation could present new therapeutic approaches through several entry points in the cascade from hepatic steatosis to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Krstic
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Markus Galhuber
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Tim J Schulz
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehhbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany.
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Michael Schupp
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas Prokesch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism & Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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28
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Role of nonresolving inflammation in hepatocellular carcinoma development and progression. NPJ Precis Oncol 2018; 2:6. [PMID: 29872724 PMCID: PMC5871907 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-018-0048-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become a leading cause of cancer-related death, making the elucidation of its underlying mechanisms an urgent priority. Inflammation is an adaptive response to infection and tissue injury under strict regulations. When the host regulatory machine runs out of control, nonresolving inflammation occurs. Nonresolving inflammation is a recognized hallmark of cancer that substantially contributes to the development and progression of HCC. The HCC-associated inflammation can be initiated and propagated by extrinsic pathways through activation of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) by pathogen-associated molecule patterns (PAMPs) derived from gut microflora or damage-associated molecule patterns (DAMPs) released from dying liver cells. The inflammation can also be orchestrated by the tumor itself through secreting factors that recruit inflammatory cells to the tumor favoring the buildup of a microenvironment. Accumulating datas from human and mouse models showed that inflammation promotes HCC development by promoting proliferative and survival signaling, inducing angiogenesis, evading immune surveillance, supporting cancer stem cells, activating invasion and metastasis as well as inducing genomic instability. Targeting inflammation may represent a promising avenue for the HCC treatment. Some inhibitors targeting inflammatory pathways have been developed and under different stages of clinical trials, and one (sorafenib) have been approved by FDA. However, as most of the data were obtained from animal models, and there is a big difference between human HCC and mouse HCC models, it is challenging on successful translation from bench to bedside.
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29
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MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of HMGB1 in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2754941. [PMID: 29651425 PMCID: PMC5832039 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2754941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a potential therapeutic target and novel biomarker in a variety of malignant tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). More recently, a number of microRNAs (miRNAs) are identified as a class of regulators for broad control of HMGB1-mediated biological actions in eukaryotic cells. In this review article we will describe representative miRNAs involved in regulating the HMGB1 signaling pathways in HCC cell lines and/or animal models. We also propose the possible mechanisms underlying the miRNA/HMGB1 axis and discuss the future clinical significance of miRNAs targeting HMGB1 molecule for HCC therapy.
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30
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A. Richard S. High-mobility group box 1 is a promising diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring biomarker in Cancers: A review. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2018.4.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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31
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Luan YY, Jia M, Zhang H, Zhu FJ, Dong N, Feng YW, Wu M, Tong YL, Yao YM. The potential mechanism of extracellular high mobility group box-1 protein mediated p53 expression in immune dysfunction of T lymphocytes. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112959-112971. [PMID: 29348880 PMCID: PMC5762565 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the activity of p53 protein in Jurkat cells treated with high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1), thereafter we investigated the mechanism of extracellular HMGB1 mediated p53 expression in immune dysfunction of T lymphocytes. mRNA expression of p53, mdm2, and p21 was determined by Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The apoptotic rate of Jurkat cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Expressions of bcl-2, bax, caspase-3, phosphorylated (p) extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, ERK1/2, p-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38 MAPK, and p-c-jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK)1/2 and JNK1/2 were simultaneously determined by Western blotting. After treatment with HMGB1 (100 ng/ml or 1000 ng/ml), the proliferative activity of Jurkat cells was significantly decreased, and a low and medium concentration of HMGB1 induced an up-regulation of p53 mRNA, p-p53 and p53 protein expression. Meanwhile, levels of mdm2 and p21 were elevated by incubated with HMGB1 (100 ng/ml) for 24 or 48 hours. Moreover, the proliferation of Jurkat cells in response to HMGB1 (100 ng/ml) in the vector group was significantly depressed. The bax and caspase-3 levels in p53 shRNA-expressed cells treated with HMGB1 (100 ng/ml) was markedly decreased, whereas expression of bcl-2 was obviously enhanced. Among ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and JNK1/2 signaling, only p38 MAPK pathway could be significantly activated by treatment with HMGB1, and the specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK was used, p53 and p-p53 expression induced by HMGB1 were significantly down-regulated. Taken together, our data strongly indicated that HMGB1 might enhance p53 expression, which was associated with both the proliferative activity as well as apoptosis of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Luan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin 541002, People's Republic of China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jia
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin 541002, People's Republic of China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Jun Zhu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin 541002, People's Republic of China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Dong
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Wen Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Lin Tong
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin 541002, People's Republic of China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
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32
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He SJ, Cheng J, Feng X, Yu Y, Tian L, Huang Q. The dual role and therapeutic potential of high-mobility group box 1 in cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:64534-64550. [PMID: 28969092 PMCID: PMC5610024 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an abundant protein in most eukaryocytes. It can bind to several receptors such as advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs), in direct or indirect way. The biological effects of HMGB1 depend on its expression and subcellular location. Inside the nucleus, HMGB1 is engaged in many DNA events such as DNA repair, transcription, telomere maintenance, and genome stability. While outside the nucleus, it possesses more complicated functions, including regulating cell proliferation, autophagy, inflammation and immunity. During tumor development, HMGB1 has been characterized as both a pro- and anti-tumoral protein by either promoting or suppressing tumor growth, proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. However, the current knowledge concerning the positive and negative effects of HMGB1 on tumor development is not explicit. Here, we evaluate the role of HMGB1 in tumor development and attempt to reconcile the dual effects of HMGB1 in carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we would like to present current strategies targeting against HMGB1, its receptor or release, which have shown potentially therapeutic value in cancer intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia He
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Oncology Department, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wu JH, Guo JP, Shi J, Wang H, Li LL, Guo B, Liu DX, Cao Q, Yuan ZY. CMA down-regulates p53 expression through degradation of HMGB1 protein to inhibit irradiation-triggered apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:2308-2317. [PMID: 28428710 PMCID: PMC5385397 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i13.2308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the mechanism of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA)-induced resistance to irradiation-triggered apoptosis through regulation of the p53 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
METHODS Firstly, we detected expression of lysosome-associated membrane protein 2a (Lamp-2a), which is the key protein of CMA, by western blot in HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells after irradiation. We further used shRNA Lamp-2a HCC cells to verify the radioresistance induced by CMA. Next, we detected the HMGB1 and p53 expression after irradiation by western blot, and we further used RNA interference and ethyl pyruvate (EP), as a HMGB1 inhibitor, to observe changes of p53 expression. Finally, an immunoprecipitation assay was conducted to explore the interaction between Lamp-2a and HMGB1, and the data were analyzed.
RESULTS We found the expression of Lamp-2a was increased on irradiation while apoptosis decreased in HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells. The apoptosis was increased markedly in the shRNA Lamp-2a HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells as detected by western blot and colony formation assay. Next, we found p53 expression was gradually reduced on irradiation but obviously increased in shRNA Lamp-2a cells. Furthermore, p53 increased the cell apoptosis on irradiation in Hep3B (p53-/-) cells. Finally, p53 levels were regulated by HMGB1 as measured through RNA interference and the EP treatment. HMGB1 was able to combine with Lamp-2a as seen by immunoprecipitation assay and was degraded via the CMA pathway. The decreased HMGB1 inhibited p53 expression induced by irradiation and further reduced the apoptosis in HCC cells.
CONCLUSION CMA pathway activation appears to down-regulate the susceptibility of HCC to irradiation by degrading HMGB1 with further impact on p53 expression. These findings have clinical relevance for radiotherapy of HCC.
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34
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HMGB1 attenuates TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of FaDu hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells through regulation of RAGE expression. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 431:1-10. [PMID: 28285361 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2968-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal expression of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein occurs in many tumors and is closely associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. However, a role for HMGB1 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hypopharyngeal carcinoma has not been previously reported. We cultured cells of the hypopharyngeal carcinoma cell line FaDu in vitro and then treated them with 5 ng/ml TGF-β1 for 48 h to induce EMT. Vimentin, Snail, and HMGB1 expression patterns were then detected using immunofluorescence staining; HMGB1 mRNA and protein expression were verified by RT-PCR and western blot analyses. HMGB1 was then silenced in FaDu cells using RNAi, followed by detection of Vimentin, Snail, and HMGB1 expressions by immunofluorescence staining. The mRNA expression levels of Vimentin, Snail, HMGB1, and E-cadherin were verified by RT-PCR, while protein expression of HMGB1 and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) were detected by western blot analysis. The biological behavior of FaDu cells was observed before and after HMGB1 silencing using wound healing and cell invasion assays. Following culture with 5 ng/ml TGF-β1 for 48 h, the morphology of FaDu cells changed from a regular cobblestone-like appearance into a spindle-like shape. Expression levels of Vimentin, Snail, and HMGB1 were upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels as determined by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and western blotting. After HMGB1 silencing, mRNA expression levels of the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin were upregulated. Meanwhile, expression levels of the mesenchymal markers Vimentin and Snail were decreased. Western blotting revealed that HMGB1 and RAGE were downregulated. RNAi-mediated inhibition of HMGB1 expression decreased the capacities of FaDu cells for invasion and metastasis as determined by wound healing and cell invasion assays. HMGB1 is essential for maintaining the interstitial cell phenotype in TGF-β1-induced EMT of FaDu cells, and silencing HMGB1 greatly inhibits the invasive and metastatic ability of these cells.
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Yang R, Zhu S, Tonnessen TI. Ethyl pyruvate is a novel anti-inflammatory agent to treat multiple inflammatory organ injuries. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2016; 13:37. [PMID: 27980458 PMCID: PMC5135784 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-016-0144-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ethyl pyruvate (EP) is a simple derivative of pyruvic acid, which is an important endogenous metabolite that can scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). Treatment with EP is able to ameliorate systemic inflammation and multiple organ dysfunctions in multiple animal models, such as acute pancreatitis, alcoholic liver injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute viral myocarditis, acute kidney injury and sepsis. Recent studies have demonstrated that prolonged treatment with EP can ameliorate experimental ulcerative colitis and slow multiple tumor growth. It has become evident that EP has pharmacological anti-inflammatory effect to inhibit multiple early inflammatory cytokines and the late inflammatory cytokine HMGB1 release, and the anti-tumor activity is likely associated with its anti-inflammatory effect. EP has been tested in human volunteers and in a clinical trial of patients undergoing cardiac surgery in USA and shown to be safe at clinical relevant doses, even though EP fails to improve outcome of the heart surgery, EP is still a promising agent to treat patients with multiple inflammatory organ injuries and the other clinical trials are on the way. This review focuses on how EP is able to ameliorate multiple organ injuries and summarize recently published EP investigations. The targets of the anti-inflammatory agent EP ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Runkuan Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere, 10 Bio katu, Tampere, 33014 Finland ; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA ; Department of Emergencies and Critical Care, Rikshospital of Oslo University, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, Oslo 0424 Norway
| | - Shengtao Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong An Road, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Tor Inge Tonnessen
- Department of Emergencies and Critical Care, Rikshospital of Oslo University, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, Oslo 0424 Norway ; Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo 0316 Norway
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Lu C, Xu W, Zhang F, Shao J, Zheng S. Nrf2 Knockdown Disrupts the Protective Effect of Curcumin on Alcohol-Induced Hepatocyte Necroptosis. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:4043-4053. [PMID: 27764939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It has emerged that hepatocyte necroptosis plays a critical role in chronic alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Our previous study has identified that the beneficial therapeutic effect of curcumin on alcohol-caused liver injury might be attributed to activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), whereas the role of curcumin in regulating necroptosis and the underlying mechanism remain to be determined. We first found that chronic alcohol consumption triggered obvious hepatocyte necroptosis, leading to increased expression of receptor-interacting protein 1, receptor-interacting protein 3, high-mobility group box 1, and phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain-like in murine livers. Curcumin dose-dependently ameliorated hepatocyte necroptosis and alleviated alcohol-caused decrease in hepatic Nrf2 expression in alcoholic mice. Then Nrf2 shRNA lentivirus was introduced to generate Nrf2-knockdown mice. Our results indicated that Nrf2 knockdown aggravated the effects of alcohol on liver injury and necroptosis and even abrogated the inhibitory effect of curcumin on necroptosis. Further, activated Nrf2 by curcumin inhibited p53 expression in both livers and cultured hepatocytes under alcohol stimulation. The next in vitro experiments, similar to in vivo ones, revealed that although Nrf2 knockdown abolished the suppression of curcumin on necroptosis of hepatocytes exposed to ethanol, p53 siRNA could clearly rescued the relative effect of curcumin. In summary, for the first time, we concluded that curcumin attenuated alcohol-induced hepatocyte necroptosis in a Nrf2/p53-dependent mechanism. These findings make curcumin an excellent candidate for ALD treatment and advance the understanding of ALD mechanisms associated with hepatocyte necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxuan Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiangjuan Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Wu Q, Jiang D, Matsuda JL, Ternyak K, Zhang B, Chu HW. Cigarette Smoke Induces Human Airway Epithelial Senescence via Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Production. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2016; 55:429-38. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0143oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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High Mobility Group Box-1 Promotes Inflammation-Induced Lymphangiogenesis via Toll-Like Receptor 4-Dependent Signalling Pathway. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154187. [PMID: 27100831 PMCID: PMC4839690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis in inflammation has received considerable attention in recent years. Administration of modulating lymphangiogenesis provides more possibilities of treating inflammation-associated diseases. However, the main mediators and factors governing inflammation-induced lymphangiogenesis (ILA) are yet to be defined. Here, we explored the role of HMGB1-TLR4 signalling pathway in modulating inflammation-induced lymphangiogenesis and its underlying mechanisms using an ILA mouse model and 2 cell lines. Our results show that HMGB1 promoted VEGF-C-induced HDLECs proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and TLR4 mediates HMGB1-induced LECs proliferation and tube formation in vitro. And in vivo, rHMGB1 treatment significantly promoted ILA, and the promoting effects was inhibited notably when HMGB1-TLR4 was blocked. HMGB1-associated ILA is primarily dependent on TLR4 but not on TLR2. In mechanisms, the recruitment and activation of CD11b+ cells are important cellular mechanisms in HMGB1-TLR4 associated ILA, and multiple key pro-lymphangiogenesis molecules mediates HMGB1-TLR4 associated ILA, including VEGF-C/VEGFR3, inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α, MMP-2 and MMP-9 and NF-κB p65. In conclusion, HMGB1-associated ILA is primarily dependent on TLR4, and CD11b+ cells and multiple molecular mechanisms mediate HMGB1-TLR4 associated ILA. Furthermore, the ILA can be effectively modulated by HMGB1-TLR4 signalling. Consequently, administration of modulating ILA through HMGB1-TLR4 pathway may provide us more possibilities of treating inflammation and lymphangiogenesis associated diseases.
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Porporato PE. Understanding cachexia as a cancer metabolism syndrome. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e200. [PMID: 26900952 PMCID: PMC5154342 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming occurs in tumors to foster cancer cell proliferation, survival and metastasis, but as well at a systemic level affecting the whole organism, eventually leading to cancer cachexia. Indeed, as cancer cells rely on external sources of nitrogen and carbon skeleton to grow, systemic metabolic deregulation promoting tissue wasting and metabolites mobilization ultimately supports tumor growth. Cachectic patients experience a wide range of symptoms affecting several organ functions such as muscle, liver, brain, immune system and heart, collectively decreasing patients' quality of life and worsening their prognosis. Moreover, cachexia is estimated to be the direct cause of at least 20% of cancer deaths. The main aspect of cachexia syndrome is the unstoppable skeletal muscle and fat storage wasting, even with an adequate caloric intake, resulting in nutrient mobilization – both directly as lipid and amino acids and indirectly as glucose derived from the exploitation of liver gluconeogenesis – that reaches the tumor through the bloodstream. From a metabolic standpoint, cachectic host develops a wide range of dysfunctions, from increased insulin and IGF-1 resistance to induction of mitochondrial uncoupling proteins and fat tissue browning resulting in an increased energy expenditure and heat generation, even at rest. For a long time, cachexia has been merely considered an epiphenomenon of end-stage tumors. However, in specific tumor types, such as pancreatic cancers, it is now clear that patients present markers of tissue wasting at a stage in which tumor is not yet clinically detectable, and that host amino acid supply is required for tumor growth. Indeed, tumor cells actively promote tissue wasting by secreting specific factors such as parathyroid hormone-related protein and micro RNAs. Understanding the molecular and metabolic mediators of cachexia will not only advance therapeutic approaches against cancer, but also improve patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Porporato
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
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40
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Wei SZ, Luo SQ, Wang J, Wang JB, Li RS, Zhang XM, Guo YL, Chen C, Ma X, Chen Z, Liu HH, Yang ZR, Li JY, Wang RL, Zhang YM, Yang HY, Xiao XH, Zhao YL. San-Cao Granule (三草颗粒) Ameliorates Hepatic Fibrosis through High Mobility Group Box-1 Protein/Smad Signaling Pathway. Chin J Integr Med 2015; 24:502-511. [PMID: 26688180 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2127-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Zhou RR, Kuang XY, Huang Y, Li N, Zou MX, Tang DL, Fan XG. Potential role of High mobility group box 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Adh Migr 2015; 8:493-8. [PMID: 25482616 DOI: 10.4161/19336918.2014.969139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and is characterized as a typical inflammation-related carcinoma. High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), a non-histone DNA-binding protein, is identified as a potent proinflammatory mediator when presents extracellularly. Recently, a growing body of evidence indicates that HMGB1 plays a potential role in HCC, but many questions remain unanswered about the relationship between HMGB1 and HCC formation and development. This review focuses on the biological effect of HMGB1, and discusses the association of HMGB1 with HCC and potential use of strategies targeting HMGB1 in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Rong Zhou
- a Department of infectious diseases and Key laboratory of liver hepatitis in Hunan ; Xiangya Hospital ; Central South University ; Changsha , PR China
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Wang X, Xiang L, Li H, Chen P, Feng Y, Zhang J, Yang N, Li F, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Li F, Cao F. The Role of HMGB1 Signaling Pathway in the Development and Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:22527-40. [PMID: 26393575 PMCID: PMC4613322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160922527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The story of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in cancer is complicated and the function of HMGB1 in different cancers is uncertain. This review aims to retrieve literature regarding HMGB1 from English electronic resources, analyze and summarize the role of the HMGB1 signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and provide useful information for carcinogenesis and progression of HCC. Results showed that HMGB1 could induce cell proliferation, differentiation, cell death, angiogenesis, metastasis, inflammation, and enhance immunofunction in in vitro and in vivo HCC models. HMGB1 and its downstream receptors RAGE, TLRs and TREM-1 may be potential anticancer targets. In conclusion, HMGB1 plays an important role in oncogenesis and represents a novel therapeutic target, which deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanbin Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Longchao Xiang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Hongliang Li
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Ping Chen
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jingxuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Nian Yang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Fei Li
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Ye Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Quifang Zhang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Fang Li
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Fengjun Cao
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
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Serum levels of chemokines CCL4 and CCL5 in cirrhotic patients indicate the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:756-62. [PMID: 26270232 PMCID: PMC4559820 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) are diagnosed at an advanced stage. The prognostic value of serum tumour markers alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) is limited. The aim of our study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum growth factors, apoptotic and inflammatory mediators of cirrhotic patients with and without HCC. METHODS Serum samples were collected from cirrhotic potential liver transplant patients (LTx) with (n=61) and without HCC (n=78) as well as from healthy controls (HCs; n=39). Serum concentrations of CRP, neopterin and IL-6 as markers of inflammation and thrombopoietin (TPO), GCSF, FGF basic and VEGF, HMGB1, CK-18 (M65) and CK18 fragment (M30) and a panel of proinflammatory chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CXCL5 and IL-8) were measured. Chi square, Fisher exact, Mann-Whitney U-tests, ROC curve analysis and forward stepwise logistic regression analyses were applied. RESULTS Patients with HCC had higher serum TPO and chemokines (P<0.001 for TPO, CCL4, CCL5 and CXCL5) and lower CCL2 (P=0.008) levels than cirrhotic patients without HCC. Multivariate forward stepwise regression analysis for significant parameters showed that among the studied parameters CCL4 and CCL5 (P=0.001) are diagnostic markers of HCC. Serum levels of TPO and chemokines were lower, whereas M30 was significantly higher in cirrhotic patients than in HCs. CONCLUSIONS High serum levels of inflammatory chemokines such as CCL4 and CCL5 in the serum of cirrhotic patients indicate the presence of HCC.
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Li Y, He J, Zhong D, Li J, Liang H. High-mobility group box 1 protein activating nuclear factor-κB to upregulate vascular endothelial growth factor C is involved in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic node metastasis in colon cancer. J Int Med Res 2015; 43:494-505. [PMID: 26001393 DOI: 10.1177/0300060515581671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the roles of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic node metastasis in colon cancer. METHODS Archival tumour specimens from patients with colon cancer were analysed in this retrospective immunohistochemical study. HMGB1, vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and podoplanin protein levels were analysed immunohistochemically. In vitro studies using the colon cancer cell line HCT116 were also undertaken to investigate the relationship between HMGB1, VEGF-C and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. RESULTS Specimens from 70 patients with colon cancer were reviewed. The presence of positive HMGB1 immunohistochemical staining significantly correlated with lymphatic microvessel density, lymph node metastasis and VEGF-C immunohistochemical staining in colon cancer specimens. The presence of positive VEGF-C immunohistochemical staining significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis. The in vitro studies demonstrated that HMGB1 upregulated VEGF-C mRNA and protein in a dose-dependent manner in HCT116 cells, and that this was mediated via NF-κB. CONCLUSIONS HMGB1 immunohistochemical staining was significantly associated with lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic node metastasis in colon cancer. There was evidence that HMGB1 upregulates VEGF-C by activating NF-κB in a colon cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China Department of Oncology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jianming He
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daping Zhong
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Houjie Liang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhao X, Fu J, Xu A, Yu L, Zhu J, Dai R, Su B, Luo T, Li N, Qin W, Wang B, Jiang J, Li S, Chen Y, Wang H. Gankyrin drives malignant transformation of chronic liver damage-mediated fibrosis via the Rac1/JNK pathway. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1751. [PMID: 25950481 PMCID: PMC4669699 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocarcinogenesis is a complex process involving chronic liver injury, inflammation, unregulated wound healing, subsequent fibrosis and carcinogenesis. To decipher the molecular mechanism underlying transition from chronic liver injury to dysplasia, we investigated the oncogenic role of gankyrin (PSMD10 or p28GANK) during malignant transformation in a transgenic mouse model. Here, we find that gankyrin increased in patients with cirrhosis. In addition to more severe liver fibrosis and tumorigenesis after DEN plus CCl4 treatment, hepatocyte-specific gankyrin-overexpressing mice (gankyrinhep) exhibited malignant transformation from liver fibrosis to tumors even under single CCl4 administration, whereas wild-type mice merely experienced fibrosis. Consistently, enhanced hepatic injury, severe inflammation and strengthened compensatory proliferation occurred in gankyrinhep mice during CCl4 performance. This correlated with augmented expressions of cell cycle-related genes and abnormal activation of Rac1/c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Pharmacological inhibition of the Rac1/JNK pathway attenuated hepatic fibrosis and prevented CCl4-induced carcinogenesis in gankyrinhep mice. Together, these findings suggest that gankyrin promotes liver fibrosis/cirrhosis progression into hepatocarcinoma relying on a persistent liver injury and inflammatory microenvironment. Blockade of Rac1/JNK activation impeded gankyrin-mediated hepatocytic malignant transformation, indicating the combined inhibition of gankyrin and Rac1/JNK as a potential prevention mechanism for cirrhosis transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhao
- 1] Model Animal Research Center and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China [2] International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - J Fu
- 1] International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China [2] National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - A Xu
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - L Yu
- 1] International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China [2] National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - J Zhu
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - R Dai
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - B Su
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - T Luo
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - N Li
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - W Qin
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - B Wang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - J Jiang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - S Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division, TNLIST, Department of Antomation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Chen
- 1] International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China [2] National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - H Wang
- 1] Model Animal Research Center and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China [2] International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China [3] National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai 200438, China [4] State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Cancer Institute of Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Kang R, Chen R, Zhang Q, Hou W, Wu S, Cao L, Huang J, Yu Y, Fan XG, Yan Z, Sun X, Wang H, Wang Q, Tsung A, Billiar TR, Zeh HJ, Lotze MT, Tang D. HMGB1 in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 2014; 40:1-116. [PMID: 25010388 PMCID: PMC4254084 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 681] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Complex genetic and physiological variations as well as environmental factors that drive emergence of chromosomal instability, development of unscheduled cell death, skewed differentiation, and altered metabolism are central to the pathogenesis of human diseases and disorders. Understanding the molecular bases for these processes is important for the development of new diagnostic biomarkers, and for identifying new therapeutic targets. In 1973, a group of non-histone nuclear proteins with high electrophoretic mobility was discovered and termed high-mobility group (HMG) proteins. The HMG proteins include three superfamilies termed HMGB, HMGN, and HMGA. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), the most abundant and well-studied HMG protein, senses and coordinates the cellular stress response and plays a critical role not only inside of the cell as a DNA chaperone, chromosome guardian, autophagy sustainer, and protector from apoptotic cell death, but also outside the cell as the prototypic damage associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP). This DAMP, in conjunction with other factors, thus has cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor activity, orchestrating the inflammatory and immune response. All of these characteristics make HMGB1 a critical molecular target in multiple human diseases including infectious diseases, ischemia, immune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Indeed, a number of emergent strategies have been used to inhibit HMGB1 expression, release, and activity in vitro and in vivo. These include antibodies, peptide inhibitors, RNAi, anti-coagulants, endogenous hormones, various chemical compounds, HMGB1-receptor and signaling pathway inhibition, artificial DNAs, physical strategies including vagus nerve stimulation and other surgical approaches. Future work further investigating the details of HMGB1 localization, structure, post-translational modification, and identification of additional partners will undoubtedly uncover additional secrets regarding HMGB1's multiple functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
| | - Ruochan Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Qiuhong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Wen Hou
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Lizhi Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xue-Gong Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhengwen Yan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA; Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Qingde Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Herbert J Zeh
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
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Zhu Z, Chen J, Xiong JW, Peng J. Haploinsufficiency of Def activates p53-dependent TGFβ signalling and causes scar formation after partial hepatectomy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96576. [PMID: 24801718 PMCID: PMC4011785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The metazoan liver exhibits a remarkable capacity to regenerate lost liver mass without leaving a scar following partial hepatectomy (PH). Whilst previous studies have identified components of several different signaling pathways that are essential for activation of hepatocyte proliferation during liver regeneration, the mechanisms that enable such regeneration to occur without accompanying scar formation remain poorly understood. Here we use the adult zebrafish liver, which can regenerate within two weeks following PH, as a new genetic model to address this important question. We focus on the role of Digestive-organ-expansion-factor (Def), a nucleolar protein which has recently been shown to complex with calpain3 (Capn3) to mediate p53 degradation specifically in the nucleolus, in liver regeneration. Firstly, we show that Def expression is up-regulated in the wild-type liver following amputation, and that the defhi429/+ heteroozygous mutant (def+/−) suffers from haploinsufficiency of Def in the liver. We then show that the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines is up-regulated in the def+/− liver, which leads to distortion of the migration and the clearance of leukocytes after PH. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signalling is thus activated in the wound epidermis in def+/− due to a prolonged inflammatory response, which leads to fibrosis at the amputation site. Fibrotic scar formation in def+/− is blocked by the over-expression of Def, by the loss-of-function of p53, and by treatment with anti-inflammation drug dexamethasone or TGFβ-signalling inhibitor SB431542. We finally show that the Def- p53 pathway suppresses fibrotic scar formation, at least in part, through the regulation of the expression of the pro-inflammatory factor, high-mobility group box 1. We conclude that the novel Def- p53 nucleolar pathway functions specifically to prevent a scar formation at the amputation site in a normal amputated liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Wei Xiong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinrong Peng
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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48
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Involvement of DNA damage response pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:153867. [PMID: 24877058 PMCID: PMC4022277 DOI: 10.1155/2014/153867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been known as one of the most lethal human malignancies, due to the difficulty of early detection, chemoresistance, and radioresistance, and is characterized by active angiogenesis and metastasis, which account for rapid recurrence and poor survival. Its development has been closely associated with multiple risk factors, including hepatitis B and C virus infection, alcohol consumption, obesity, and diet contamination. Genetic alterations and genomic instability, probably resulted from unrepaired DNA lesions, are increasingly recognized as a common feature of human HCC. Dysregulation of DNA damage repair and signaling to cell cycle checkpoints, known as the DNA damage response (DDR), is associated with a predisposition to cancer and affects responses to DNA-damaging anticancer therapy. It has been demonstrated that various HCC-associated risk factors are able to promote DNA damages, formation of DNA adducts, and chromosomal aberrations. Hence, alterations in the DDR pathways may accumulate these lesions to trigger hepatocarcinogenesis and also to facilitate advanced HCC progression. This review collects some of the most known information about the link between HCC-associated risk factors and DDR pathways in HCC. Hopefully, the review will remind the researchers and clinicians of further characterizing and validating the roles of these DDR pathways in HCC.
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Shigdar S, Li Y, Bhattacharya S, O'Connor M, Pu C, Lin J, Wang T, Xiang D, Kong L, Wei MQ, Zhu Y, Zhou S, Duan W. Inflammation and cancer stem cells. Cancer Lett 2013; 345:271-8. [PMID: 23941828 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are becoming recognised as being responsible for metastasis and treatment resistance. The complex cellular and molecular network that regulates cancer stem cells and the role that inflammation plays in cancer progression are slowly being elucidated. Cytokines, secreted by tumour associated immune cells, activate the necessary pathways required by cancer stem cells to facilitate cancer stem cells progressing through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and migrating to distant sites. Once in situ, these cancer stem cells can secrete their own attractants, thus providing an environment whereby these cells can continue to propagate the tumour in a secondary niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Shigdar
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia.
| | - Yong Li
- Cancer Care Centre, St. George Hospital, and St. George Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Michael O'Connor
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Chunwen Pu
- Dalian Sixth People's Hospital, Dalian 116033, China
| | - Jia Lin
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Dongxi Xiang
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Lingxue Kong
- School of Medical Science and Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Australia
| | - Ming Q Wei
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanobiomedicine, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shufeng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia.
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