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Simpson M, Hendrickson DA, Hyatt DR, Rao S. Comparison of In Vitro Bacterial Susceptibility to Common and Novel Equine Wound Care Dressings. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:776. [PMID: 38473161 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is becoming a problem of concern in the veterinary field, necessitating the use of effective topical treatments to aid the healing of wounds. Honey has been used for thousands of years for its medicinal properties, but in recent years medical-grade Manuka honey has been used to treat infected wounds. The goal of this study was to determine the relative susceptibility of four common equine wound pathogens to ten different types of antimicrobial agents based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The pathogens studied include ATCC lab-acclimated Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and one from an equine sample submitted to the Colorado State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus (Streptococcus zooepidemicus)). An additional goal of the study was to describe the comparison of bactericidal activity of medical-grade Manuka honey, local honey, and commercial, food-grade honey to other commonly used wound dressings (20% hypertonic saline, silver sulfadiazine cream, PHMB gauze, and PHMB foam). The objective is to provide veterinary practitioners with comparative data on the use of a variety of antimicrobial dressings for inhibiting the growth of common wound bacteria. MIC and MBC for Manuka, store, and local honeys were comparable to those of sterile gauze, sugar, and hypertonic saline. Across bacterial species, local honey proved to have more bactericidal activity when compared to Manuka honey and commercial, food-grade honey. The MIC and MBC for PHMB gauze and foam was consistently at a higher dilution compared to the other antimicrobials. The majority of antimicrobials exhibited stronger inhibitory and bactericidal activity against a Streptococcus zooepidemicus isolate obtained from a wound compared to other bacteria that were ATCC lab-acclimated. Additional research for in vivo applications needs to be done to see whether differences exist in effective wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merrill Simpson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Dean A Hendrickson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Doreene R Hyatt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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2
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Tanga CM, Ekesi S. Dietary and Therapeutic Benefits of Edible Insects: A Global Perspective. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 69:303-331. [PMID: 37758222 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020123-013621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Edible insects are gaining traction worldwide for research and development. This review synthesizes a large and well-established body of research literature on the high nutritional value and variety of pharmacological properties of edible insects. Positive benefits of insect-derived products include immune enhancement; gastrointestinal protection; antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory capacities; antibacterial activities; blood lipid and glucose regulation; lowering of blood pressure; and decreased risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of these active components of edible insects in humans have received limited research attention. In addition, we discuss health risks (safety); application prospects; regulations and policies governing their production and consumption with a view to promote innovations, intraglobal trade, and economic development; and suggestions for future directions for further pharmacological functional studies. The aim is to review the current state of knowledge and research trends on edible insects as functional ingredients beneficial to the nutrition and health of humans and animals (livestock, aquatic species, and pets).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysantus Mbi Tanga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya; ,
| | - Sunday Ekesi
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya; ,
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3
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Bucekova M, Godocikova J, Gueyte R, Chambrey C, Majtan J. Characterisation of physicochemical parameters and antibacterial properties of New Caledonian honeys. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293730. [PMID: 37906561 PMCID: PMC10617706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey is an attractive natural product with various health benefits. A few honey-based commercial products have successfully been adopted in clinics to improve wound healing. However, screening of other potential sources of medical-grade honey, in particular, honeys from territories with high floral species diversity and high endemicity, is highly needed. The goal of this study was to characterise the physicochemical and antibacterial properties of New Caledonian honey samples (n = 33) and to elucidate the major mechanism of their antibacterial action. Inhibitory antibacterial activity of honeys against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. Enzymatic activity of glucose oxidase and the content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in honey samples were analysed. Furthermore, total protein content of honeys together with their electrophoretic protein profiles were also determined in the study. The antibacterial efficacy of 24% of the tested honey samples was slightly superior to that of manuka honey with unique manuka factor 15+. The antibacterial activity of catalase-treated honey sample solutions was significantly reduced, suggesting that H2O2 is a key antibacterial compound of diluted honeys. However, the kinetic profiles of H2O2 production in most potent honeys at a MIC value of 6% was not uniform. Under the experimental conditions, we found that a H2O2 concentration of 150 μM in diluted honeys is a critical concentration for inhibiting the growth of S. aureus. In contrast, 150 μM H2O2 in artificial honey solution was not able to inhibit bacterial growth, suggesting a role of phytochemicals in the antibacterial activity of natural honey. In addition, the continuous generation of H2O2 in diluted honey demonstrated an ability to counteract additional bacteria in re-inoculation experiments. In conclusion, the tested New Caledonian honey samples showed strong antibacterial activity, primarily based on H2O2 action, and therefore represent a suitable source for medical-grade honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Bucekova
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Godocikova
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Romain Gueyte
- Beekeeping Center, ADECAL Technopole, Noumea Cedex, New Caledonia
| | - Céline Chambrey
- Beekeeping Center, ADECAL Technopole, Noumea Cedex, New Caledonia
| | - Juraj Majtan
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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4
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Zhou Y, Wang D, Zhou S, Duan H, Guo J, Yan W. Nutritional Composition, Health Benefits, and Application Value of Edible Insects: A Review. Foods 2022; 11:3961. [PMID: 36553703 PMCID: PMC9777846 DOI: 10.3390/foods11243961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For thousands of years, edible insects have been used as food to alleviate hunger and improve malnutrition. Some insects have also been used as medicines because of their therapeutic properties. This is not only due to the high nutritional value of edible insects, but more importantly, the active substances from edible insects have a variety of biofunctional activities. In this paper, we described and summarized the nutritional composition of edible insects and discussed the biological functions of edible insects and their potential benefits for human health. A summary analysis of the findings for each active function confirms that edible insects have the potential to develop functional foods and medicines that are beneficial to humans. In addition, we analyzed the issues that need to be considered in the application of edible insects and the current status of edible insects in food and pharmaceutical applications. We concluded with a discussion of regulations related to edible insects and an outlook on future research and applications of edible insects. By analyzing the current state of research on edible insects, we aim to raise awareness of the use of edible insects to improve human health and thus promote their better use and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxi Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, No.18, Chaoyang District 3, Futou, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, 197 North Tucheng West Road, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Diandian Wang
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, No.18, Chaoyang District 3, Futou, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Shiqi Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, No.18, Chaoyang District 3, Futou, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Hao Duan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, No.18, Chaoyang District 3, Futou, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Jinhong Guo
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, No.18, Chaoyang District 3, Futou, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, No.18, Chaoyang District 3, Futou, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, 197 North Tucheng West Road, Beijing 100023, China
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Nezhad-Mokhtari P, Javanbakht S, Asadi N, Ghorbani M, Milani M, Hanifehpour Y, Gholizadeh P, Akbarzadeh A. Recent advances in honey-based hydrogels for wound healing applications: Towards natural therapeutics. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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6
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Stojković M, Cvetković D, Savić A, Topalić-Trivunović L, Velemir A, Papuga S, Žabić M. Changes in the physicochemical, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of honeydew honey subjected to heat and ultrasound pretreatments. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 58:2555-2566. [PMID: 34194092 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of different treatments on the physicochemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of honeydew honey. Honeydew honey was subjected to heat treatment and 9 different ultrasound treatments. Our results showed that the following parameters were significantly changed: water content, pH, electrical conductivity, diastase activity, HMF content and water activity. The ultrasound resulted in an increase in the total phenol content and the antioxidant capacity (DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS tests) in comparison with the conventional thermal technique. In most cases, the samples subjected to ultrasound improved the antibacterial activity; the heat treatment resulted in a significant reduction of the antibacterial activity, and sample 4 (ultrasound 30 °C, 5 min) showed the best antibacterial activity. The ultrasound treatment, especially at lower temperatures, represents a technique that enables the preservation and improvement of the biological properties of honeydew honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Stojković
- Faculty of Technology, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Aleksandar Savić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Ana Velemir
- Faculty of Technology, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Saša Papuga
- Faculty of Technology, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mirjana Žabić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Monofloral Honeys as a Potential Source of Natural Antioxidants, Minerals and Medicine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071023. [PMID: 34202118 PMCID: PMC8300703 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: vegetative diversity is based on different climate and geographical origins. In terms of beekeeping, herbal diversity is strongly correlated to the production of a wide variety of honey. Therefore, based on the existing plant diversity in each country, multiple honey varieties are produced with different health characteristics. While beekeeping potential and consumption preferences are reflected in products’ variety, this leads to an increase in the region’s economy and extensive export. In the last years, monofloral honey has gained interest from consumers and especially in the medicinal field due to the presence of phytochemicals which are directly linked to health benefits, wound healing, antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Scope and approach: this review aims to highlight the physicochemical properties, mineral profiles and antioxidant activities of selected monofloral honeys based on their botanical and geographical origin. Moreover, this review focuses on the intercorrelation between monofloral honey’s antioxidant compounds and in vitro and in vivo activities, focusing on the apoptosis and cell proliferation inhibition in various cell lines, with a final usage of honey as a potential therapeutic product in the fight towards reducing tumor growth. Key findings and conclusions: multiple studies have demonstrated that monofloral honeys have different physicochemical structures and bioactive compounds. Useful chemical markers to distinguish between monofloral honeys were evidenced, such as: 2-methoxybenzoic acid and trimethoxybenzoic acid are distinctive to Manuka honey while 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid is characteristic to Kanuka honey. Furthermore, resveratrol, epigallocatechin and pinostrobin are markers distinct to Sage honey, whereas carvacrol and thymol are found in Ziziphus honey. Due to their polyphenolic profile, monofloral honeys have significant antioxidant activity, as well as antidiabetic, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. It was demonstrated that Pine honey decreased the MDA and TBARS levels in liver, kidney, heart and brain tissues, whereas Malicia honey reduced the low-density lipoprotein level. Consumption of Clover, Acacia and Gelam honeys reduced the weight and adiposity, as well as trygliceride levels. Furthermore, the antiproliferative effect of chrysin, a natural flavone in Acacia honey, was demonstrated in human (A375) and murine (B16-F1) melanoma cell lines, whereas caffeic acid, a phenolic compound found in Kelulut honey, proves to be significant candidate in the chemoprevention of colon cancer. Based on these features, the use of hiney in the medicinal field (apitherapy), and the widespread usage of natural product consumption, is gaining interest by each year.
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8
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Bucekova M, Bugarova V, Godocikova J, Majtan J. Demanding New Honey Qualitative Standard Based on Antibacterial Activity. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091263. [PMID: 32916880 PMCID: PMC7554693 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey is a functional food with health-beneficial properties and it is already used as a medical device in wound care management. Whether ingested orally or applied topically, honey must fulfill the requirements of international standards based on physicochemical characteristics. However, there is an urgent need for some additional standards reflecting biological properties. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of 36 commercial honey samples purchased from supermarkets and local food shops and compare their efficacy to that of three honey samples from local beekeepers and three types of medical-grade honey. Furthermore, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and protein profile were assessed in all honey samples. Analysis of the antibacterial activity of commercial honeys revealed that 44% of tested samples exhibited low antibacterial activity, identical to the activity of artificial honey (sugars only). There was a significant correlation between the overall antibacterial activity and H2O2 content of honey samples. However, in some cases, honey samples exhibited high antibacterial activity while generating low levels of H2O2 and vice versa. Honey samples from local beekeepers showed superior antibacterial activity compared to medical-grade honeys. The antibacterial activity of honey can be easily altered by adulteration, thermal treatment or prolonged storage, and therefore it fulfils strict criteria to be suitable new additional quality standard.
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9
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Bucekova M, Jardekova L, Juricova V, Bugarova V, Di Marco G, Gismondi A, Leonardi D, Farkasovska J, Godocikova J, Laho M, Klaudiny J, Majtan V, Canini A, Majtan J. Antibacterial Activity of Different Blossom Honeys: New Findings. Molecules 2019; 24:E1573. [PMID: 31010070 PMCID: PMC6514785 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial activity is the most investigated biological property of honey. The goal of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of 57 Slovak blossom honeys against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and investigate the role of several bioactive substances in antibacterial action of honeys. Inhibitory and bactericidal activities of honeys were studied to determine the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations. The contents of glucose oxidase (GOX) enzyme, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and total polyphenols (TP) were determined in honeys. We found that honey samples showed different antibacterial efficacy against the tested bacteria as follows: wildflower honeys > acacia honeys > rapeseed honeys. Overall antibacterial activity of the honeys was statistically-significantly correlated with the contents of H2O2 and TP in honeys. A strong correlation was found between the H2O2 and TP content. On the other hand, no correlation was found between the content of GOX and level of H2O2. Antibacterial activity of 12 selected honeys was markedly reduced by treatment with catalase, but it remained relatively stable after inactivation of GOX with proteinase-K digestion. Obtained results suggest that the antibacterial activity of blossom honeys is mainly mediated by H2O2 levels present in honeys which are affected mainly by polyphenolic substances and not directly by GOX content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Bucekova
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Lucia Jardekova
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Valeria Juricova
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Veronika Bugarova
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Gabriele Di Marco
- Honey Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Angelo Gismondi
- Honey Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Donatella Leonardi
- Honey Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Jarmila Farkasovska
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Jana Godocikova
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Maros Laho
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Jaroslav Klaudiny
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Viktor Majtan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Antonella Canini
- Honey Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Juraj Majtan
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Bucekova M, Juricova V, Monton E, Martinotti S, Ranzato E, Majtan J. Microwave processing of honey negatively affects honey antibacterial activity by inactivation of bee-derived glucose oxidase and defensin-1. Food Chem 2018; 240:1131-1136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Khan SU, Anjum SI, Rahman K, Ansari MJ, Khan WU, Kamal S, Khattak B, Muhammad A, Khan HU. Honey: Single food stuff comprises many drugs. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 25:320-325. [PMID: 29472785 PMCID: PMC5815988 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey is a natural food item produced by honey bees. Ancient civilizations considered honey as a God gifted prestigious product. Therefore, a huge literature is available regarding honey importance in almost all religions. Physically, honey is a viscous and jelly material having no specific color. Chemically, honey is a complex blend of many organic and inorganic compounds such as sugars, proteins, organic acids, pigments, minerals, and many other elements. Honey use as a therapeutic agent is as old as human civilization itself. Prior to the appearance of present day drugs, honey was conventionally used for treating many diseases. At this instant, the modern research has proven the medicinal importance of honey. It has broad spectrum anti-biotic, anti-viral and anti-fungal activities. Honey prevents and kills microbes through different mechanism such as elevated pH and enzyme activities. Till now, no synthetic compound that works as anti-bacterial, anti-viral and anti-fungal drugs has been reported in honey yet it works against bacteria, viruses and fungi while no anti-protozoal activity has been reported. Potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancerous activities of honey have been reported. Honey is not only significant as anti-inflammatory drug that relieve inflammation but also protect liver by degenerative effects of synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs. This article reviews physico-chemical properties, traditional use of honey as medicine and mechanism of action of honey in the light of modern scientific medicinal knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syed Ishtiaq Anjum
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Khaista Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasim Ullah Khan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat- Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Sajid Kamal
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Baharullah Khattak
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Muhammad
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Hikmat Ullah Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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12
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Antibacterial activity and chemical characteristics of several Western Australian honeys compared to manuka honey and pasture honey. Arch Microbiol 2016; 199:347-355. [PMID: 27785532 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-016-1308-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The physicochemical parameters and antibacterial activity of 10 Western Australian (WA) and two comparator honeys were determined. Honeys showed a pH range of 4.0-4.7, colour range of 41.3-470.7 mAU, methylglyoxal levels ranging from 82.2 to 325.9 mg kg-1 and hydrogen peroxide levels after 2 h of 22.7-295.5 µM. Antibacterial activity was assessed by the disc diffusion assay, phenol equivalence assay, determination of minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations and a time-kill assay. Activity was shown for all honeys by one or more method, however, activity varied according to which assay was used. Minimum inhibitory concentrations for WA honeys against 10 organisms ranged from 4.0 to >32.0% (w/v). Removal of hydrogen peroxide activity by catalase resulted in decreased activity for several honeys. Overall, the data showed that honeys in addition to those derived from Leptospermum spp. have antimicrobial activity and should not be overlooked as potential sources of clinically useful honey.
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Sojka M, Valachova I, Bucekova M, Majtan J. Antibiofilm efficacy of honey and bee-derived defensin-1 on multispecies wound biofilm. J Med Microbiol 2016; 65:337-344. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Sojka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 13, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Valachova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marcela Bucekova
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 06 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Laboratory of Molecular Apidology and Apitherapy, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Majtan
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 06 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 13, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Laboratory of Molecular Apidology and Apitherapy, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia
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14
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Hussain MB, Hannan A, Akhtar N, Fayyaz GQ, Imran M, Saleem S, Qureshi IA. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of selected Pakistani honeys against multi-drug resistant Salmonella typhi. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:32. [PMID: 25880671 PMCID: PMC4355501 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0549-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background The development of resistance to conventional anti-typhoid drugs and the recent emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance have made it very difficult and expensive to treat typhoid fever. As the therapeutic strategies become even more limited, it is imperative to investigate non-conventional modalities. In this context, honey is a potential candidate for combating antimicrobial resistance because it contains a broad repertoire of antibacterial compounds which act synergistically at multiple sites, thus making it less likely that the bacteria will become resistant. The in vitro antibacterial activity of 100 unifloral honey samples against a blood culture isolate of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Salmonella typhi were investigated. Methods All honey samples were evaluated for both total (acidity, osmolarity, hydrogen peroxide and non-peroxide activity) and plant derived non-peroxide antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion assay at 50% and 25% dilution in sterile distilled water and 25% in catalase solution. Manuka (Unique Manuka Factor-21) honey was used for comparison. The phenol equivalence of each honey sample from 2% to 7% (w/v) phenol was obtained from regression analysis. The antibacterial potential of each honey sample was expressed as its equivalent phenol concentration. The honey samples which showed antibacterial activity equivalent to or greater than manuka honey were considered therapeutically active honeys. Results Nineteen honey samples (19%) displayed higher hydrogen peroxide related antibacterial activity (16–20% phenol), which is more than that of manuka honey (21-UMF). A total of 30% of the honey samples demonstrated antibacterial activity between 11 and 15% phenol similar to that of manuka honey while 51% of the honey samples did not exhibit any zone of inhibition against MDR-S. typhi at 50% (w/v) dilution. None of the indigenous honey samples displayed non-peroxide antibacterial activity. Only manuka honey showed non-peroxide antibacterial activity at 25% dilution (w/v) in catalase solution. Conclusions The honey samples which displayed antibacterial activity equal to or greater than manuka honey may be useful in the clinical conditions where higher hydrogen peroxide related antibacterial activity is required. Manuka honey, which is known to possess non-peroxide antibacterial activity, warrants further evaluation in a suitable typhoid animal model.
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Faucett EA, Reghunathan S, Jacob A. Medicinal honey as treatment for skin reactions associated with bone-anchored hearing implant surgery. Laryngoscope 2014; 125:1720-3. [PMID: 25476170 DOI: 10.1002/lary.25069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erynne A Faucett
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Saranya Reghunathan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Abraham Jacob
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.,University of Arizona Ear Institute, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A.,BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A
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Majtan J, Bohova J, Prochazka E, Klaudiny J. Methylglyoxal may affect hydrogen peroxide accumulation in manuka honey through the inhibition of glucose oxidase. J Med Food 2014; 17:290-3. [PMID: 24192110 PMCID: PMC3929242 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is one of the major antibacterial factors in most honeys, it does not accumulate in medical-grade manuka honey. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of artificially added methylglyoxal (MGO) on H₂O₂ accumulation in natural non-manuka honeys. H₂O₂ concentrations in the honey solutions were determined using a fluorimetric assay. Two, the most potent H₂O₂ producers honeydew honeys were mixed with MGO at final concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg, and incubated for 4 days at 37°C. Subsequently, H₂O₂ concentrations were determined in 50% (wt/vol) MGO supplemented honey solutions. In vitro crosslinking of the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOX) after incubation with MGO was determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Tested honeys at a concentration of 50% (wt/vol) accumulated up to 495.8±9.1 μM H₂O₂ in 24 h. The most potent producers were the two honeydew honeys, whose 50% solutions accumulated 306.9±6.8 and 495.8±9.1 μM H₂O₂, respectively. Levels of H₂O₂ increased significantly over time in both honey solutions. Contrary to this, the MGO-treated honeys generated significantly lower amounts of H₂O₂ (P<.001), and this reduction was dose dependent. In addition, MGO-treated GOX formed high molecular weight adducts with increasing time of incubation accompanied by loss of its enzymatic activity. High levels of MGO in manuka honey, by modifying the enzyme GOX, might be responsible for suppressing H₂O₂ generation. These data highlight the detrimental effect of MGO on significant proteinaceous components of manuka honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Majtan
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Bohova
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Emanuel Prochazka
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jaroslav Klaudiny
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Majtan J, Bohova J, Horniackova M, Klaudiny J, Majtan V. Anti-biofilm effects of honey against wound pathogens Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacter cloacae. Phytother Res 2013; 28:69-75. [PMID: 23494861 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm growth and its persistence within wounds have recently been suggested as contributing factors to impaired healing. The goal of this study was to investigate the anti-biofilm effects of several honey samples of different botanical origin, including manuka honey against Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacter cloacae wound isolates. Quantification of biofilm formation was carried out using a microtiter plate assay. All honeys at a sub-inhibitory concentration of 10% (w/v) significantly reduced the biofilm development of both isolates. Similarly, at a concentration of 50% (w/v), each of the honeys caused significant partial detachment of Pr. mirabilis biofilm after 24 h. On the other hand, no honey was able to significantly detach Ent. cloacae biofilm. In addition, treatment of Ent. cloacae and Pr. mirabilis biofilms with all honeys resulted in a significant decrease in colony-forming units per well values in a range of 0.35-1.16 and 1.2-7.5 log units, respectively. Of the tested honeys, manuka honey possessed the most potent anti-biofilm properties. Furthermore, methylglyoxal, an antibacterial compound of manuka honey, was shown to be responsible for killing biofilm-embedded wound bacteria. These findings suggest that manuka honey could be used as a potential therapy for the treatment of wounds containing Pr. mirabilis or Ent. cloacae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Majtan
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 06, Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 833 03, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Biglari B, Moghaddam A, Santos K, Blaser G, Büchler A, Jansen G, Längler A, Graf N, Weiler U, Licht V, Strölin A, Keck B, Lauf V, Bode U, Swing T, Hanano R, Schwarz NT, Simon A. Multicentre prospective observational study on professional wound care using honey (Medihoney™). Int Wound J 2012; 10:252-9. [PMID: 22494449 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-481x.2012.00970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the treatment of wounds with honey has received an increasing amount of attention from healthcare professionals in Germany and Austria. We conducted a prospective observational multicentre study using Medihoney™ dressings in 10 hospitals - nine in Germany and one in Austria. Wound-associated parameters were monitored systematically at least three times in all patients. Data derived from the treatment of 121 wounds of various aetiologies over a period of 2 years were analysed. Almost half of the patients were younger than 18 years old, and 32% of the study population was oncology patients. Overall, wound size decreased significantly during the study period and many wounds healed after relatively short time periods. Similarly, perceived pain levels decreased significantly, and the wounds showed noticeably less slough/necrosis. In general, our findings show honey to be an effective and feasible treatment option for professional wound care. In addition, our study showed a relationship between pain and slough/necrosis at the time of recruitment and during wound healing. Future comparative trials are still needed to evaluate the extent to which the positive observations made in this and other studies can definitely be attributed to the effects of honey in wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Biglari
- Department of Paraplegia and Technical Orthopaedics, Insurance Association Trauma Centre, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
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Leong AG, Herst PM, Harper JL. Indigenous New Zealand honeys exhibit multiple anti-inflammatory activities. Innate Immun 2011; 18:459-66. [DOI: 10.1177/1753425911422263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests a potential role for honeys in mediating clinical inflammation and tissue damage. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of a selection of previously untested indigenous New Zealand (NZ) honeys. We found that several, but not all, New Zealand rewarewa, manuka and kanuka honey samples exhibited potent, dose-dependent reduction of human neutrophil superoxide production in vitro. This inhibitory activity did not correlate with levels of known phenolic-based free radical scavengers. Furthermore, the active honeys did not scavenge superoxide generated in a cell-free xanthine/xanthine oxidase assay. In C57BL/6 J mice, topical application of manuka and rewarewa honey samples with the highest in vitro activity suppressed arachidonic acid-induced ear oedema, and rewarewa honey suppressed both oedema and leukocyte (monocyte and neutrophil) infiltration. Together, these findings demonstrate that some indigenous NZ honeys exhibit clinically relevant anti-inflammatory activity. Further investigation is warranted to identify the active component(s) and mechanisms responsible for these activities and to determine potential applications for anti-inflammatory honeys in the topical treatment of clinical inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan G Leong
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Patries M Herst
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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Majtan J. Methylglyoxal-a potential risk factor of manuka honey in healing of diabetic ulcers. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2010; 2011:295494. [PMID: 21776290 PMCID: PMC3135160 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/neq013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Honey has been considered as a remedy in wound healing since ancient times. However, as yet, there are inadequate supportive robust randomized trials and experimental data to fully accept honey as an effective medical product in wound care. Manuka honey has been claimed to have therapeutic advantages over other honeys. Recently, it has been documented that the pronounced antibacterial activity of manuka honey is due, at least in part, to reactive methylglyoxal (MG). The concentration of MG in manuka honeys is up to 100-fold higher than in conventional honeys. MG is a potent protein-glycating agent and an important precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). MG and AGEs play a role in the pathogenesis of impaired diabetic wound healing and can modify the structure and function of target molecules. This commentary describes the concern that MG in manuka honey may delay wound healing in diabetic patients. Further detailed research is needed to fully elucidate the participation of honey/derived MG in healing diabetic ulcers. We advocate randomized controlled trials to determine efficacy and safety of manuka honey in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Majtan
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 06 Bratislava, Slovakia
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