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Babaie M, Joulani M, Ranjbar Hameghavandi MH, Asgardoon MH, Nojomi M, O'Reilly GM, Gholami M, Ghodsi Z, Rahimi-Movaghar V. Risk of permanent medical impairment after road traffic crashes: A systematic review. Chin J Traumatol 2023; 26:267-275. [PMID: 36577609 PMCID: PMC10533538 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To systematically review the risk of permanent disability related to road traffic injuries (RTIs) and to determine the implications for future research regarding permanent impairment following road traffic crashes. METHODS We conducted this systematic review according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis statement. An extended search of the literature was carried out in 4 major electronic databases for scientific research papers published from January 1980 to February 2020. Two teams include 2 reviewers each, screened independently the titles/abstracts, and after that, reviewed the full text of the included studies. The quality of the studies was assessed using the strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) checklist. A third reviewer was assessed any discrepancy and all data of included studies were extracted. Finally, the data were systematically analyzed, and the related data were interpreted. RESULTS Five out of 16 studies were evaluated as high-quality according to the STROBE checklist. Fifteen studies ranked the initial injuries according to the abbreviated injury scale 2005. Five studies reported the total risk of permanent medical impairment following RTIs which varied from 2% to 23% for car occupants and 2.8% to 46% for cyclists. Seven studies reported the risk of permanent medical impairment of the different body regions. Eleven studies stated the most common body region to develop permanent impairment, of which 6 studies demonstrated that injuries of the cervical spine and neck were at the highest risk of becoming permanent injured. CONCLUSION The finding of this review revealed the necessity of providing a globally validated method to evaluate permanent medical impairment following RTIs across the world. This would facilitate decision-making about traffic injuries and efficient management to reduce the financial and psychological burdens for individuals and communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahla Babaie
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadamin Joulani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hossein Asgardoon
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Iranian Student Society for Immunodeficiencies, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Nojomi
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Sociology & Anthropology, Nipissing University, North Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gerard M O'Reilly
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred, Melbourne, Australia; National Trauma Research Institute, The Alfred, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Morteza Gholami
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghodsi
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurosurgery, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang CW, Chung WT, Baxter NB, Chung KC. Are Observational Studies on Distal Radius Fracture Treatment Robust? An E-value Approach to Analysis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2023; 481:1174-1192. [PMID: 36728049 PMCID: PMC10194513 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000002528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reported complication frequencies after distal radius fracture (DRF) treatment vary widely in the literature and are based mostly on observational evidence. Whether that evidence is sufficiently robust to use in practice is controversial. The E-value is an innovative sensitivity analysis that quantitates the robustness of observational evidence against unmeasured confounders, whereby a greater E-value usually implies more robust evidence and vice versa; with DRF complications, this approach can help guide readers to a more confident interpretation of the available evidence. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES In this study, we sought (1) to compare the complication frequencies among different DRF treatment modalities, and (2) to evaluate the robustness of these observational studies using the E-value as an index for unmeasured confounding. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, and SCOPUS for observational studies on the management of DRFs that were published from January 2001 to July 2021 with the last database search performed on July 31, 2021. All articles that compared different DRF treatment modalities with reported complication frequencies were included to accurately capture the quality of the observational studies in research about DRF. Risk ratios (RRs) of the overall complication and major complication risks were calculated for each subgroup comparison: volar plating versus dorsal plating, casting, external fixation, and percutaneous K-wire fixation. The RRs and their corresponding lower limits of the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to derive the E-values. E-values can have a minimum possible value of 1, which signifies that the treatment-outcome association is not strong and can readily be overturned by unmeasured confounders. By contrast, a large E-value means that the observed treatment-outcome association is robust against unmeasured confounders. We averaged RRs and E-values for the effect estimates and lower limits of CIs across studies in each treatment comparison group. We identified 36 comparative observational studies that met the inclusion criteria. Seven studies compared volar with dorsal plating techniques. Volar plating was also compared with casting (eight studies), external fixation (15 studies), and percutaneous K-wire fixation (six studies). RESULTS Total and major complication risks did not differ among different DRF treatments. The mean RRs for total and major complications were 1.2 (95% CI 0.4 to 3.9; p = 0.74) and 1.8 (95% CI 0.4 to 11.4; p = 0.52) for the volar versus dorsal plating group; 1.2 (95% CI 0.3 to 11.2; p = 0.87) and 1.5 (95% CI 0.3 to 14.9; p = 0.74) for the volar plating versus casting group; 0.6 (95% CI 0.2 to 2.2; p = 0.33) and 0.8 (95% CI 0.2 to 6.7; p = 0.86) for the volar plating versus external fixation group; and 0.6 (95% CI 0.2 to 2.6; p = 0.47) and 0.7 (95% CI 0.2 to 4.0; p = 0.67) for the volar plating versus K-wire fixation group. The mean E-values for total and major complication frequencies for the between-group comparison ranged from 3.1 to 5.8; these were relatively large in the context of a known complication risk factor, such as high-energy impact (RR 3.2), suggesting a reasonable level of robustness against unmeasured confounding. However, the E-values for lower limits of CIs remained close to 1, which indicates the observed complication frequencies in these studies were likely to have been influenced by unmeasured confounders. CONCLUSION Complication frequencies did not differ among different DRF treatment modalities, but the observed complication frequencies from most comparative observational studies were less robust against potential unmeasured confounders. The E-value method, or another type of sensitivity analysis, should be implemented in observational hand surgery research at the individual-study level to facilitate assessment of robustness against potential unmeasured confounders. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, therapeutic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wei Wang
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - William T. Chung
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Natalie B. Baxter
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kevin C. Chung
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Sports Performance Tests for Amputee Football Players: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074386. [PMID: 35410067 PMCID: PMC8998416 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: This scoping review aims to identify sports performance tests for amputee football players and to critically analyze the methodological quality, validation data, reliability, and standardization of sport-specific tests to indicate the best-fitting tests. Methods: Electronic database searches were conducted between January 2019 and October 2021. Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria. Qualitative assessment of each study was conducted by STROBE checklist. Results: Twenty-nine sports performance tests were identified. No sports performance test fully met all three criteria associated with the qualitative assessment of tests. The critical appraisal of the articles demonstrates a gap in study design, settings, and main results description. Some inconsistencies were found in the methodological descriptions of tests assessing the same motor skill. A STROBE score of 13 points was considered a satisfactory score for the article (it was obtained by 8 of the 12 studies). The weakest point of the analyzed studies was the description of how the test group size was accessed and later obtained. Conclusions: No test was found that was simultaneously presented as valid, reliable, and standardized. The authors can recommend the use of the two-sports performance tests that are the closest to ideal: the L test and the YYIRT1.
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Jolliffe R, Adams D, Simpson K. Trait Anxiety in Individuals on the Autism Spectrum: a Systematic Review. REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40489-022-00308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlthough anxiety is commonly researched in autism, the focus has predominantly been on anxiety disorders and not upon general levels of anxiousness or trait anxiety. This review summarises research investigating trait anxiety in autism. Systematic searches yielded 1099 records, with 23 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Study participants were mainly males from Western countries, with no representation of older adults or individuals with intellectual disability. All articles used self-report questionnaire trait anxiety measures. Anxiety measure psychometric details were absent in most studies, with 21 using subjective measures that are not validated for use in autism. Results showed higher trait anxiety scores in autism versus control groups, and correlations between trait anxiety scores and other study outcomes.
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Transparent and Reproducible Research Practices in the Surgical Literature. J Surg Res 2022; 274:116-124. [PMID: 35150944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have established a baseline of minimal reproducibility in the social science and biomedical literature. Clinical research is especially deficient in factors of reproducibility. Surgical journals contain fewer clinical trials than non-surgical areas of medicine, suggesting that it should be easier to reproduce the outcomes of surgical literature. METHODS In this study, we evaluated a broad range of indicators related to transparency and reproducibility in a random sample of 387 articles published in Surgery journals between 2014 and 2018. RESULTS A small minority of our sample made available their materials (5.3%, 95% C.I. 2.4%-8.2%), protocols (1.2%, 0-2.5%), data (2.5%, 0.7%-4.2%), or analysis scripts (0.04%). Four studies were adequately pre-registered. No studies were explicit replications of previous literature. Most studies (58%), declined to provide a funding statement, while conflicts of interest were declared in a small fraction (9.3%). Most have not been cited by systematic reviews (83%) or meta-analyses (87%), and most were only accessible to paying subscribers (59%). CONCLUSIONS The transparency of the surgical literature could improve with adherence to baseline standards of reproducibility.
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Bohm ER, Kirby S, Trepman E, Hallstrom BR, Rolfson O, Wilkinson JM, Sayers A, Overgaard S, Lyman S, Franklin PD, Dunn J, Denissen G, W-Dahl A, Ingelsrud LH, Navarro RA. Collection and Reporting of Patient-reported Outcome Measures in Arthroplasty Registries: Multinational Survey and Recommendations. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2021; 479:2151-2166. [PMID: 34288899 PMCID: PMC8445553 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000001852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are validated questionnaires that are completed by patients. Arthroplasty registries vary in PROM collection and use. Current information about registry collection and use of PROMs is important to help improve methods of PROM data analysis, reporting, comparison, and use toward improving clinical practice. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES To characterize PROM collection and use by registries, we asked: (1) What is the current practice of PROM collection by arthroplasty registries that are current or former members of the International Society of Arthroplasty Registries, and are there sufficient similarities in PROM collection between registries to enable useful international comparisons that could inform the improvement of arthroplasty care? (2) How do registries differ in PROM administration and demographic, clinical, and comorbidity index variables collected for case-mix adjustment in data analysis and reporting? (3) What quality assurance methods are used for PROMs, and how are PROM results reported and used by registries? (4) What recommendations to arthroplasty registries may improve PROM reporting and facilitate international comparisons? METHODS An electronic survey was developed with questions about registry structure and collection, analysis, reporting, and use of PROM data and distributed to directors or senior administrators of 39 arthroplasty registries that were current or former members of the International Society of Arthroplasty Registries. In all, 64% (25 of 39) of registries responded and completed the survey. Missing responses from incomplete surveys were captured by contacting the registries, and up to three reminder emails were sent to nonresponding registries. Recommendations about PROM collection were drafted, revised, and approved by the International Society of Arthroplasty Registries PROMs Working Group members. RESULTS Of the 25 registries that completed the survey, 15 collected generic PROMs, most frequently the EuroQol-5 Dimension survey; 16 collected joint-specific PROMs, most frequently the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; and 11 registries collected a satisfaction item. Most registries administered PROM questionnaires within 3 months before and 1 year after surgery. All 16 registries that collected PROM data collected patient age, sex or gender, BMI, indication for the primary arthroplasty, reason for revision arthroplasty, and a comorbidity index, most often the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification. All 16 registries performed regular auditing and reporting of data quality, and most registries reported PROM results to hospitals and linked PROM data to other data sets such as hospital, medication, billing, and emergency care databases. Recommendations for transparent reporting of PROMs were grouped into four categories: demographic and clinical, survey administration, data analysis, and results. CONCLUSION Although registries differed in PROM collection and use, there were sufficient similarities that may enable useful data comparisons. The International Society of Arthroplasty Registries PROMs Working Group recommendations identify issues that may be important to most registries such as the need to make decisions about survey times and collection methods, as well as how to select generic and joint-specific surveys, handle missing data and attrition, report data, and ensure representativeness of the sample. CLINICAL RELEVANCE By collecting PROMs, registries can provide patient-centered data to surgeons, hospitals, and national entities to improve arthroplasty care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R. Bohm
- Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sarah Kirby
- George and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Elly Trepman
- Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Brian R. Hallstrom
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ola Rolfson
- Department of Orthopaedics at Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J. Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, The Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | - Adrian Sayers
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Learning and Research, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Søren Overgaard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of South Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephen Lyman
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Kyushu University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Patricia D. Franklin
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Dunn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Geke Denissen
- Dutch Arthroplasty Register (Landelijke Registratie Orthopedische Implantaten), 's-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands
| | - Annette W-Dahl
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lina Holm Ingelsrud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Ronald A. Navarro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaiser Permanente South Bay Medical Center, Harbor City, CA, USA
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Maxner A, Gray H, Vijendren A. A systematic review of biomechanical risk factors for the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in surgeons of the head and neck. Work 2021; 69:247-263. [PMID: 33998586 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown high rates (47-72%) of self-reported work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) in surgeons of the head and neck. Physical requirements in the workplace, individual factors (e.g. poor posture, obesity) and psychosocial factors have been identified as risk factors. Establishing biomechanical risk factors may help prevent further development of WRMDs in this population. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this critical review was to source studies that identified the biomechanical risk factors for WRMDs in this surgical sub-specialty. METHODS Searches were conducted of Medline, CINAHL, and AMED databases from 1980 until September 2018. RESULTS A total of 182 article were identified. Exclusion criteria lead to 163 full-text articles being screened, generating a total of 6 articles for review. The aims of the included studies varied significantly. Surgeons spend the majority of operating time in static, asymmetrical positions. Surgical loupes/headlamps significantly increased cervical spine loading. Articulated surgical arm supports provided optimal ergonomic conditions. Performing surgical operations with the surgeon in standing or sitting had no effect on task performance or demand. Physical fatigue was also measured in both positions. CONCLUSIONS A combination of equipment-based and patient/surgeon position-based factors predispose surgeons to biomechanical risk factors. Studies of greater methodological quality are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Maxner
- Department of Physiotherapy & Paramedicine, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Heather Gray
- Department of Physiotherapy & Paramedicine, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ananth Vijendren
- ENT Department, Lister Hospital, East and North Herts NHS Trust, Stevenage, UK
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Cheng B, Behr MA, Howden BP, Cohen T, Lee RS. Reporting practices for genomic epidemiology of tuberculosis: a systematic review of the literature using STROME-ID guidelines as a benchmark. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2021; 2:e115-e129. [PMID: 33842904 PMCID: PMC8034592 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(20)30201-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogen genomics have become increasingly important in infectious disease epidemiology and public health. The Strengthening the Reporting of Molecular Epidemiology for Infectious Diseases (STROME-ID) guidelines were developed to outline a minimum set of criteria that should be reported in genomic epidemiology studies to facilitate assessment of study quality. We evaluate such reporting practices, using tuberculosis as an example. METHODS For this systematic review, we initially searched MEDLINE, Embase Classic, and Embase on May 3, 2017, using the search terms "tuberculosis" and "genom* sequencing". We updated this initial search on April 23, 2019, and also included a search of bioRxiv at this time. We included studies in English, French, or Spanish that recruited patients with microbiologically confirmed tuberculosis and used whole genome sequencing for typing of strains. Non-human studies, conference abstracts, and literature reviews were excluded. For each included study, the number and proportion of fulfilled STROME-ID criteria were recorded by two reviewers. A comparison of the mean proportion of fulfilled STROME-ID criteria before and after publication of the STROME-ID guidelines (in 2014) was done using a two-tailed t test. Quasi-Poisson regression and tobit regression were used to examine associations between study characteristics and the number and proportion of fulfilled STROME-ID criteria. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42017064395. FINDINGS 976 titles and abstracts were identified by our primary search, with an additional 16 studies identified in bioRxiv. 114 full texts (published between 2009 and 2019) were eligible for inclusion. The mean proportion of STROME-ID criteria fulfilled was 50% (SD 12; range 16-75). The proportion of criteria fulfilled was similar before and after STROME-ID publication (51% [SD 11] vs 46% [14], p=0·26). The number of criteria reported (among those applicable to all studies) was not associated with impact factor, h-index, country of affiliation of senior author, or sample size of isolates. Similarly, the proportion of criteria fulfilled was not associated with these characteristics, with the exception of a sample size of isolates of 277 or more (the highest quartile). In terms of reproducibility, 100 (88%) studies reported which bioinformatic tools were used, but only 33 (33%) reported corresponding version numbers. Sequencing data were available for 86 (75%) studies. INTERPRETATION The reporting of STROME-ID criteria in genomic epidemiology studies of tuberculosis between 2009 and 2019 was low, with implications for assessment of study quality. The considerable proportion of studies without bioinformatics version numbers or sequencing data available highlights a key concern for reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marcel A Behr
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Benjamin P Howden
- The Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Robyn S Lee
- Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Dai S, Zhou X, Xu H, Li B, Zhang J. Evaluation of the reporting quality of observational studies in master of public health dissertations in China. BMC Med Res Methodol 2020; 20:230. [PMID: 32917136 PMCID: PMC7488525 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-020-01116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Master of public health (MPH) plays an important role in Chinese medical education, and the dissertations is an important part of MPH education. In MPH dissertations, most are observational studies. Compared with randomized controlled trial (RCT), observational studies are more prone to information bias. So, the reporting of the observational studies should be transparent and standard. But, no research on evaluating the reporting quality of the MPH dissertation has been found. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in the Wanfang database from January 1, 2014 to May 31, 2019. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observation Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement was adopted to evaluate the reporting quality of the selected studies. Articles that met the following criteria were selected: (1) observational studies, including cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies; (2) original articles; (3) studies on humans, including both adults and children. Results The Median of compliance to individual STROBE items was 74.79%. The mean (standard deviation) of STROBE score was 14.29 (1.84). Five items/sub-items were 100% reported (“reported” and “partly reported” were combined): background, objectives, study design, report numbers of individuals at each stage, and key result. Fifteen items/sub-items were reported by 75% or more. Reporting of methods and results was often omitted: missing data (6.67%), sensitivity analyses (3.63%), flow diagram (15.15%), and absolute risk (0%). Logistic regression analysis indicated that cohort studies (OR = 3.41, 95% CI = 1.27–9.16), funding support (OR = 4.37, 95% CI = 1.27–9.16) and more published papers during postgraduate period (OR = 3.46, 95% CI = 1.40–8.60) were related to high reporting quality. Conclusion In short, the reporting quality of observational studies in MPH’s dissertations in China is suboptimal. However, it’s necessary to improve the reporting of method and results sections. We recommend that authors should be stricter to adhere STROBE statement when conducting observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyang Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of orthodontics, The affiliated hospital of Qingdao University, School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Beibei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jingao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Laurens MLL, Kraus-Friedberg C, Kar W, Sanfilippo D, Rajasekaran S, Comstock SS. Dietary Intake Influences Metabolites in Healthy Infants: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072073. [PMID: 32668684 PMCID: PMC7400847 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolites are generated from exogenous sources such as diet. This scoping review will summarize nascent metabolite literature and discriminating metabolites for formula vs. human- milk-fed infants. Using the PICOS framework (P—Patient, Problem or Population; I—Intervention; C—Comparison; O—Outcome; S—Study Design) and PRISMA item-reporting protocols, infants less than 12 months old, full-term, and previously healthy were included. Protocol was registered with Open Science Framework (OSF). Publications from 1 January 2009–2019 were selected, for various biofluids, study designs, and techniques (such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)). From 711 articles, blinded screening of 214 articles using Abstrackr® software, resulted in 24 for final review. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines were adopted, which included a 24-point checklist. Articles were stratified according to biofluid. Of articles reporting discriminating metabolites between formula- and human milk-fed infants, 62.5% (5/8) of plasma/serum/dried blood spot, 88% (7/8) of urine and 100% (6/6) of feces related articles reported such discriminating metabolites. Overall, no differences were found between analytical approach used (targeted (n = 9) vs. un-targeted (n = 10)). Current articles are limited by small sample sizes and differing methodological approaches. Of the metabolites reviewed herein, fecal metabolites provided the greatest distinction between diets, which may be indicative of usefulness for future diet metabolite-focused work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara L. Leimanis Laurens
- Pediatric Critical Care Unit, Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, 100 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (D.S.); (S.R.)
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Life Sciences Building, 1355 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-616-267-0106
| | | | - Wreeti Kar
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, Room 139C Trout 469 Wilson Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (W.K.); (S.S.C.)
| | - Dominic Sanfilippo
- Pediatric Critical Care Unit, Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, 100 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (D.S.); (S.R.)
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Life Sciences Building, 1355 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Surender Rajasekaran
- Pediatric Critical Care Unit, Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, 100 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (D.S.); (S.R.)
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Life Sciences Building, 1355 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Sarah S. Comstock
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, Room 139C Trout 469 Wilson Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (W.K.); (S.S.C.)
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Brand J, Hardy R, Monroe E. Research Pearls: Checklists and Flowcharts to Improve Research Quality. Arthroscopy 2020; 36:2030-2038. [PMID: 32169662 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2020.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To instill quality in published clinical research, reporting guidelines, consisting of checklists and flowcharts, were developed to protect against reporting poorly designed research, and researchers should be aware of the available instruments and their appropriate use. With the popularity of synthetic reviews, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews, there is a greater need to assess risk of bias and study quality. This review highlights the most frequently used guidelines and checklists, risk-of-bias scales, and quality rating scales that can assist researchers with improving their research and its eventual publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Brand
- Department of Sports Medicine, Heartland Orthopedic Specialists, Alexandria, Minnesota, U.S.A
| | - Richard Hardy
- Department of Sports Medicine, Heartland Orthopedic Specialists, Alexandria, Minnesota, U.S.A.
| | - Emily Monroe
- Department of Sports Medicine, Heartland Orthopedic Specialists, Alexandria, Minnesota, U.S.A
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Logullo P, MacCarthy A, Kirtley S, Collins GS. Reporting guideline checklists are not quality evaluation forms: they are guidance for writing. Health Sci Rep 2020; 3:e165. [PMID: 32373717 PMCID: PMC7196677 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Logullo
- UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics & Musculoskeletal SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Angela MacCarthy
- UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics & Musculoskeletal SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Shona Kirtley
- UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics & Musculoskeletal SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Gary S. Collins
- UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics & Musculoskeletal SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreJohn Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
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Use of the STROBE Checklist to Evaluate the Reporting Quality of Observational Research in Obstetrics. Obstet Gynecol 2019; 132:507-512. [PMID: 29995749 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000002689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate observational research manuscripts submitted to Obstetrics & Gynecology to determine the level of adherence to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist and highlight specific areas that could be improved. METHODS A scoring system based on the STROBE checklist was developed and validated for consistency by volunteer medical students or doctors. Using this scoring system, we performed a cross-sectional analysis on 198 observational research manuscripts submitted to Obstetrics & Gynecology from 2008 to 2016. Each manuscript was given a score based on the STROBE checklist. Comparisons were made among acceptance status, country of origin, and study type. Descriptive statistics (means, medians, and frequencies) were calculated for each manuscript category. The t test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare differences between two groups and analysis of variance or the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare differences among three or more groups. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the mean score for accepted (23.2±2.7) compared with rejected (19.7±4.1) manuscripts (P<.001). This difference was not seen when comparing country of origin and study type. Poor reporting was seen among all manuscript categories for objectives, study size, missing data, study participants, and translation of risk. Additionally, rejected manuscripts had poor reporting for eligibility criteria, variables, bias and confounding, statistical methods, unadjusted and adjusted estimates, and category boundaries. CONCLUSION Overall, accepted manuscripts show better adherence to the STROBE checklist, but there are several critical items that are poorly reported in all manuscripts.
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Yang C, Ambayo H, Baets BD, Kolsteren P, Thanintorn N, Hawwash D, Bouwman J, Bronselaer A, Pattyn F, Lachat C. An Ontology to Standardize Research Output of Nutritional Epidemiology: From Paper-Based Standards to Linked Content. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1300. [PMID: 31181762 PMCID: PMC6628051 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of linked data in the Semantic Web is a promising approach to add value to nutrition research. An ontology, which defines the logical relationships between well-defined taxonomic terms, enables linking and harmonizing research output. To enable the description of domain-specific output in nutritional epidemiology, we propose the Ontology for Nutritional Epidemiology (ONE) according to authoritative guidance for nutritional epidemiology. METHODS Firstly, a scoping review was conducted to identify existing ontology terms for reuse in ONE. Secondly, existing data standards and reporting guidelines for nutritional epidemiology were converted into an ontology. The terms used in the standards were summarized and listed separately in a taxonomic hierarchy. Thirdly, the ontologies of the nutritional epidemiologic standards, reporting guidelines, and the core concepts were gathered in ONE. Three case studies were included to illustrate potential applications: (i) annotation of existing manuscripts and data, (ii) ontology-based inference, and (iii) estimation of reporting completeness in a sample of nine manuscripts. RESULTS Ontologies for "food and nutrition" (n = 37), "disease and specific population" (n = 100), "data description" (n = 21), "research description" (n = 35), and "supplementary (meta) data description" (n = 44) were reviewed and listed. ONE consists of 339 classes: 79 new classes to describe data and 24 new classes to describe the content of manuscripts. CONCLUSION ONE is a resource to automate data integration, searching, and browsing, and can be used to assess reporting completeness in nutritional epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Henry Ambayo
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bernard De Baets
- KERMIT, Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Patrick Kolsteren
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Nattapon Thanintorn
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65203, USA.
| | - Dana Hawwash
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jildau Bouwman
- Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, NL-2509 Zeist, The Netherlands.
| | - Antoon Bronselaer
- Department of Telecommunications and information processing, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | | | - Carl Lachat
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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An Assessment of the Change in Compliance of Observational Otology and Audiology Studies With the STROBE Statement Guidelines: A Systematic Review. Otol Neurotol 2019; 40:284-291. [DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000002139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Benchimol EI, Smeeth L, Guttmann A, Harron K, Moher D, Petersen I, Sørensen HT, Januel JM, von Elm E, Langan SM. La déclaration RECORD (Reporting of Studies Conducted Using Observational Routinely Collected Health Data) : directives pour la communication des études réalisées à partir de données de santé collectées en routine. CMAJ 2019; 191:E216-E230. [PMID: 30803952 PMCID: PMC6389451 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.181309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eric I Benchimol
- Institut de recherche du Centre hospitalier pour enfants de l'est de l'Ontario (Benchimol) ; Département de pédiatrie (Benchimol), Université d'Ottawa ; École d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (Benchimol, Moher), Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. ; ICES (Benchimol, Guttmann), Toronto, Ont. ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (Smeeth, Harron, Langan), Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Department of Paediatrics (Guttmann), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Guttmann), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. ; Institut de recherche de l'Hôpital d'Ottawa (Moher), Ottawa, Ont. ; Département de soins primaires et santé publique (Petersen), University College London, Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Département d'épidémiologie clinique (Sørensen), université d'Aarhus, Aarhus, Danemark ; Management des organisations de santé (EA 7348 MOS) (Januel), Institut du Management, École des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, France ; Chaire d'excellence en Management de la santé (Januel), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Cochrane Suisse (von Elm), Institut universitaire de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Liam Smeeth
- Institut de recherche du Centre hospitalier pour enfants de l'est de l'Ontario (Benchimol) ; Département de pédiatrie (Benchimol), Université d'Ottawa ; École d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (Benchimol, Moher), Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. ; ICES (Benchimol, Guttmann), Toronto, Ont. ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (Smeeth, Harron, Langan), Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Department of Paediatrics (Guttmann), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Guttmann), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. ; Institut de recherche de l'Hôpital d'Ottawa (Moher), Ottawa, Ont. ; Département de soins primaires et santé publique (Petersen), University College London, Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Département d'épidémiologie clinique (Sørensen), université d'Aarhus, Aarhus, Danemark ; Management des organisations de santé (EA 7348 MOS) (Januel), Institut du Management, École des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, France ; Chaire d'excellence en Management de la santé (Januel), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Cochrane Suisse (von Elm), Institut universitaire de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Astrid Guttmann
- Institut de recherche du Centre hospitalier pour enfants de l'est de l'Ontario (Benchimol) ; Département de pédiatrie (Benchimol), Université d'Ottawa ; École d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (Benchimol, Moher), Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. ; ICES (Benchimol, Guttmann), Toronto, Ont. ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (Smeeth, Harron, Langan), Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Department of Paediatrics (Guttmann), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Guttmann), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. ; Institut de recherche de l'Hôpital d'Ottawa (Moher), Ottawa, Ont. ; Département de soins primaires et santé publique (Petersen), University College London, Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Département d'épidémiologie clinique (Sørensen), université d'Aarhus, Aarhus, Danemark ; Management des organisations de santé (EA 7348 MOS) (Januel), Institut du Management, École des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, France ; Chaire d'excellence en Management de la santé (Januel), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Cochrane Suisse (von Elm), Institut universitaire de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Katie Harron
- Institut de recherche du Centre hospitalier pour enfants de l'est de l'Ontario (Benchimol) ; Département de pédiatrie (Benchimol), Université d'Ottawa ; École d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (Benchimol, Moher), Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. ; ICES (Benchimol, Guttmann), Toronto, Ont. ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (Smeeth, Harron, Langan), Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Department of Paediatrics (Guttmann), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Guttmann), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. ; Institut de recherche de l'Hôpital d'Ottawa (Moher), Ottawa, Ont. ; Département de soins primaires et santé publique (Petersen), University College London, Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Département d'épidémiologie clinique (Sørensen), université d'Aarhus, Aarhus, Danemark ; Management des organisations de santé (EA 7348 MOS) (Januel), Institut du Management, École des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, France ; Chaire d'excellence en Management de la santé (Januel), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Cochrane Suisse (von Elm), Institut universitaire de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - David Moher
- Institut de recherche du Centre hospitalier pour enfants de l'est de l'Ontario (Benchimol) ; Département de pédiatrie (Benchimol), Université d'Ottawa ; École d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (Benchimol, Moher), Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. ; ICES (Benchimol, Guttmann), Toronto, Ont. ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (Smeeth, Harron, Langan), Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Department of Paediatrics (Guttmann), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Guttmann), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. ; Institut de recherche de l'Hôpital d'Ottawa (Moher), Ottawa, Ont. ; Département de soins primaires et santé publique (Petersen), University College London, Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Département d'épidémiologie clinique (Sørensen), université d'Aarhus, Aarhus, Danemark ; Management des organisations de santé (EA 7348 MOS) (Januel), Institut du Management, École des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, France ; Chaire d'excellence en Management de la santé (Januel), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Cochrane Suisse (von Elm), Institut universitaire de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Irene Petersen
- Institut de recherche du Centre hospitalier pour enfants de l'est de l'Ontario (Benchimol) ; Département de pédiatrie (Benchimol), Université d'Ottawa ; École d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (Benchimol, Moher), Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. ; ICES (Benchimol, Guttmann), Toronto, Ont. ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (Smeeth, Harron, Langan), Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Department of Paediatrics (Guttmann), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Guttmann), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. ; Institut de recherche de l'Hôpital d'Ottawa (Moher), Ottawa, Ont. ; Département de soins primaires et santé publique (Petersen), University College London, Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Département d'épidémiologie clinique (Sørensen), université d'Aarhus, Aarhus, Danemark ; Management des organisations de santé (EA 7348 MOS) (Januel), Institut du Management, École des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, France ; Chaire d'excellence en Management de la santé (Januel), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Cochrane Suisse (von Elm), Institut universitaire de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Henrik T Sørensen
- Institut de recherche du Centre hospitalier pour enfants de l'est de l'Ontario (Benchimol) ; Département de pédiatrie (Benchimol), Université d'Ottawa ; École d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (Benchimol, Moher), Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. ; ICES (Benchimol, Guttmann), Toronto, Ont. ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (Smeeth, Harron, Langan), Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Department of Paediatrics (Guttmann), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Guttmann), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. ; Institut de recherche de l'Hôpital d'Ottawa (Moher), Ottawa, Ont. ; Département de soins primaires et santé publique (Petersen), University College London, Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Département d'épidémiologie clinique (Sørensen), université d'Aarhus, Aarhus, Danemark ; Management des organisations de santé (EA 7348 MOS) (Januel), Institut du Management, École des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, France ; Chaire d'excellence en Management de la santé (Januel), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Cochrane Suisse (von Elm), Institut universitaire de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Jean-Marie Januel
- Institut de recherche du Centre hospitalier pour enfants de l'est de l'Ontario (Benchimol) ; Département de pédiatrie (Benchimol), Université d'Ottawa ; École d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (Benchimol, Moher), Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. ; ICES (Benchimol, Guttmann), Toronto, Ont. ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (Smeeth, Harron, Langan), Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Department of Paediatrics (Guttmann), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Guttmann), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. ; Institut de recherche de l'Hôpital d'Ottawa (Moher), Ottawa, Ont. ; Département de soins primaires et santé publique (Petersen), University College London, Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Département d'épidémiologie clinique (Sørensen), université d'Aarhus, Aarhus, Danemark ; Management des organisations de santé (EA 7348 MOS) (Januel), Institut du Management, École des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, France ; Chaire d'excellence en Management de la santé (Januel), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Cochrane Suisse (von Elm), Institut universitaire de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Erik von Elm
- Institut de recherche du Centre hospitalier pour enfants de l'est de l'Ontario (Benchimol) ; Département de pédiatrie (Benchimol), Université d'Ottawa ; École d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (Benchimol, Moher), Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. ; ICES (Benchimol, Guttmann), Toronto, Ont. ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (Smeeth, Harron, Langan), Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Department of Paediatrics (Guttmann), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Guttmann), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. ; Institut de recherche de l'Hôpital d'Ottawa (Moher), Ottawa, Ont. ; Département de soins primaires et santé publique (Petersen), University College London, Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Département d'épidémiologie clinique (Sørensen), université d'Aarhus, Aarhus, Danemark ; Management des organisations de santé (EA 7348 MOS) (Januel), Institut du Management, École des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, France ; Chaire d'excellence en Management de la santé (Januel), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Cochrane Suisse (von Elm), Institut universitaire de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
| | - Sinéad M Langan
- Institut de recherche du Centre hospitalier pour enfants de l'est de l'Ontario (Benchimol) ; Département de pédiatrie (Benchimol), Université d'Ottawa ; École d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (Benchimol, Moher), Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. ; ICES (Benchimol, Guttmann), Toronto, Ont. ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (Smeeth, Harron, Langan), Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Department of Paediatrics (Guttmann), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Guttmann), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. ; Institut de recherche de l'Hôpital d'Ottawa (Moher), Ottawa, Ont. ; Département de soins primaires et santé publique (Petersen), University College London, Londres, Royaume-Uni ; Département d'épidémiologie clinique (Sørensen), université d'Aarhus, Aarhus, Danemark ; Management des organisations de santé (EA 7348 MOS) (Januel), Institut du Management, École des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, France ; Chaire d'excellence en Management de la santé (Januel), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Cochrane Suisse (von Elm), Institut universitaire de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Suisse
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Nie X, Zhang Y, Wu Z, Jia L, Wang X, Langan SM, Benchimol EI, Peng X. Evaluation of reporting quality for observational studies using routinely collected health data in pharmacovigilance. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2018; 17:661-668. [PMID: 29857774 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2018.1484106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To appraise the reporting quality of studies which concerned linezolid-related thrombocytopenia referring to REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely collected health Data (RECORD) statement. METHODS Medline, Embase, Cochrane library and clinicaltrial.gov were searched for observational studies concerning linezolid-related thrombocytopenia using routinely collected health data from 2000 to 2017. Two reviewers screened potential eligible articles and extracted data independently. Finally, reporting quality assessment was performed by two senior researchers using RECORD statement. RESULTS Of 25 included studies, 11 (44.0%) mentioned the type of data in the title and/or abstract. In 38 items derived from RECORD statement, the median number of items reported in the included studies was 22 (inter-quartile range 18-27). Inadequate reporting issues were discovered in the following aspects: validation studies of the codes or algorithms, study size estimation, quantitative variables, subgroup statistical methods, missing data, follow-up/matching or sampling strategy, sensitivity analysis and cleaning methods, funding and role of funders and accessibility of protocol, raw data. CONCLUSION This study provides the evidence that the reporting quality of post-marketing safety evaluation studies conducted using routinely collected health data was often insufficient. Future stakeholders are encouraged to endorse the RECORD guidelines in pharmacovigilance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Nie
- a Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital , Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health , Beijing , China
| | - Ying Zhang
- b Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Zehao Wu
- b Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Lulu Jia
- c Clinical Research Unit, Beijing Children's Hospital , Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health , Beijing , China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- c Clinical Research Unit, Beijing Children's Hospital , Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health , Beijing , China
| | - Sinéad M Langan
- d Department of Epidemiology and Population Health , London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London , United Kingdom
| | - Eric I Benchimol
- e Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute,Department of Pediatrics and School of Epidemiology and Public Health , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Canada.,f Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences , Toronto , Canada
| | - Xiaoxia Peng
- a Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital , Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health , Beijing , China.,g Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children , Ministry of Education , Beijing , China
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Systematic Changes in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database Over the Years Can Affect Comorbidity Indices Such as the Modified Frailty Index and Modified Charlson Comorbidity Index for Lumbar Fusion Studies. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2018; 43:798-804. [PMID: 28922281 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000002418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of changes in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database over the years on the calculation of the modified Frailty Index (mFI) and the modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (mCCI) for posterior lumbar fusion studies. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Multiple studies have utilized the mFI and/or mCCI and showed them to be predictors of adverse postoperative outcomes. However, changes in the NSQIP database have resulted in definition changes and/or missing data for many of the variables included in these indices. No studies have assessed the influence of different methods of treating missing values when calculating these indices on such studies. METHODS Elective posterior lumbar fusions were identified in NSQIP from 2005 to 2014. The mFI was calculated for each patient using three methods: treating conditions for which data was missing as not present, dropping patients with missing values, and normalizing by dividing the raw score by the number of variables collected. The mCCI was calculated by the first two of these methods. Mean American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores used for comparison. RESULTS In total, 19,755 patients were identified. Mean ASA score increased between 2005 and 2014 from 2.27 to 2.50 (+10.1%). For each of the methods of data handling noted above, mean mFI over the years studied increased by 33.3%, could not be calculated, and increased by 183.3%, respectively. Mean mCCI increased by 31.2% and could not be calculated respectively. CONCLUSION Systematic changes in the NSQIP database have resulted in missing data for many of the variables included in the mFI and the mCCI and may affect studies utilizing these indices. These changes can be understood in the context of ASA trends, and raise questions regarding the use of these indices with data available in later NSQIP years. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.
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Systematic review and meta-analysis on Schistosoma mansoni infection prevalence, and associated risk factors in Brazil. Parasitology 2018; 145:1000-1014. [PMID: 29295718 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182017002268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence and factors associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection in Brazil. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science and Latin-American and Caribbean System on Health Sciences Information (LILACS) databases, scientific publications articles, according to The PRISMA Statement, from 2000 to 2016. A total of 27 studies were included according to the established criteria. The prevalence of S. mansoni infection varied widely, from 0·1 to 73·1%, based on Kato-Katz technique. Of the identified studies, 42·9% were performed in the state of Minas Gerais, and 33·3% were performed in the northeast region of Brazil. We identified sex, age, education level, family income, contact with water and the presence of the intermediate host snail as major risk factors associated with infection. The meta-analysis summarized a high prevalence rate pooled for Schistosoma mansoni. On the other hand, the analysis of the subgroup showed a highly significant reduction of the prevalence rate after control measures. The epidemiological factors evidenced in the studies show the influence of environmental and social conditions on the occurrence of schistosomiasis.
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Basques BA, McLynn RP, Fice MP, Samuel AM, Lukasiewicz AM, Bohl DD, Ahn J, Singh K, Grauer JN. Results of Database Studies in Spine Surgery Can Be Influenced by Missing Data. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2017; 475:2893-2904. [PMID: 27896677 PMCID: PMC5670041 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-016-5175-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND National databases are increasingly being used for research in spine surgery; however, one limitation of such databases that has received sparse mention is the frequency of missing data. Studies using these databases often do not emphasize the percentage of missing data for each variable used and do not specify how patients with missing data are incorporated into analyses. This study uses the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database to examine whether different treatments of missing data can influence the results of spine studies. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES (1) What is the frequency of missing data fields for demographics, medical comorbidities, preoperative laboratory values, operating room times, and length of stay recorded in ACS-NSQIP? (2) Using three common approaches to handling missing data, how frequently do those approaches agree in terms of finding particular variables to be associated with adverse events? (3) Do different approaches to handling missing data influence the outcomes and effect sizes of an analysis testing for an association with these variables with occurrence of adverse events? METHODS Patients who underwent spine surgery between 2005 and 2013 were identified from the ACS-NSQIP database. A total of 88,471 patients undergoing spine surgery were identified. The most common procedures were anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, lumbar decompression, and lumbar fusion. Demographics, comorbidities, and perioperative laboratory values were tabulated for each patient, and the percent of missing data was noted for each variable. These variables were tested for an association with "any adverse event" using three separate multivariate regressions that used the most common treatments for missing data. In the first regression, patients with any missing data were excluded. In the second regression, missing data were treated as a negative or "reference" value; for continuous variables, the mean of each variable's reference range was computed and imputed. In the third regression, any variables with > 10% rate of missing data were removed from the regression; among variables with ≤ 10% missing data, individual cases with missing values were excluded. The results of these regressions were compared to determine how the different treatments of missing data could affect the results of spine studies using the ACS-NSQIP database. RESULTS Of the 88,471 patients, as many as 4441 (5%) had missing elements among demographic data, 69,184 (72%) among comorbidities, 70,892 (80%) among preoperative laboratory values, and 56,551 (64%) among operating room times. Considering the three different treatments of missing data, we found different risk factors for adverse events. Of 44 risk factors found to be associated with adverse events in any analysis, only 15 (34%) of these risk factors were common among the three regressions. The second treatment of missing data (assuming "normal" value) found the most risk factors (40) to be associated with any adverse event, whereas the first treatment (deleting patients with missing data) found the fewest associations at 20. Among the risk factors associated with any adverse event, the 10 with the greatest effect size (odds ratio) by each regression were ranked. Of the 15 variables in the top 10 for any regression, six of these were common among all three lists. CONCLUSIONS Differing treatments of missing data can influence the results of spine studies using the ACS-NSQIP. The current study highlights the importance of considering how such missing data are handled. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Until there are better guidelines on the best approaches to handle missing data, investigators should report how missing data were handled to increase the quality and transparency of orthopaedic database research. Readers of large database studies should note whether handling of missing data was addressed and consider potential bias with high rates or unspecified or weak methods for handling missing data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce A Basques
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ryan P McLynn
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 800 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Michael P Fice
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andre M Samuel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam M Lukasiewicz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 800 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Daniel D Bohl
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Junyoung Ahn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kern Singh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan N Grauer
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 800 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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van Reijen M, Vriend I, van Mechelen W, Finch CF, Verhagen EA. Compliance with Sport Injury Prevention Interventions in Randomised Controlled Trials: A Systematic Review. Sports Med 2017; 46:1125-39. [PMID: 26869058 PMCID: PMC4963451 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-016-0470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sport injury prevention studies vary in the way compliance with an intervention is defined, measured and adjusted for. OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review was to assess the extent to which sport injury prevention randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have defined, measured and adjusted results for compliance with an injury prevention intervention. METHODS An electronic search was performed in MEDLINE, PubMed, the Cochrane Center of Controlled Trials, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database) and SPORTDiscus. English RCTs, quasi-RCTs and cluster-RCTs were considered eligible. Trials that involved physically active individuals or examined the effects of an intervention aimed at the prevention of sport- or physical activity-related injuries were included. RESULTS Of the total of 100 studies included, 71.6 % mentioned compliance or a related term, 68.8 % provided details on compliance measurement and 51.4 % provided compliance data. Only 19.3 % analysed the effect of compliance rates on study outcomes. While studies used heterogeneous methods, pooled effects could not be presented. CONCLUSIONS Studies that account for compliance demonstrated that compliance significant affects study outcomes. The way compliance is dealt with in preventions studies is subject to a large degree of heterogeneity. Valid and reliable tools to measure and report compliance are needed and should be matched to a uniform definition of compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam van Reijen
- Department of Public & Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, IOC Research Center, AMC/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Vriend
- Department of Public & Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, IOC Research Center, AMC/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Consumer Safety Institute VeiligheidNL, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Department of Public & Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, IOC Research Center, AMC/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Caroline F Finch
- Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, Australia
| | - Evert A Verhagen
- Department of Public & Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, IOC Research Center, AMC/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. .,UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Ramke J, Palagyi A, Jordan V, Petkovic J, Gilbert CE. Using the STROBE statement to assess reporting in blindness prevalence surveys in low and middle income countries. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176178. [PMID: 28481888 PMCID: PMC5421753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Cross-sectional blindness prevalence surveys are essential to plan and monitor eye care services. Incomplete or inaccurate reporting can prevent effective translation of research findings. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement is a 32 item checklist developed to improve reporting of observational studies. The aim of this study was to assess the completeness of reporting in blindness prevalence surveys in low and middle income countries (LMICs) using STROBE. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched on April 8 2016 to identify cross-sectional blindness prevalence surveys undertaken in LMICs and published after STROBE was published in December 2007. The STROBE tool was applied to all included studies, and each STROBE item was categorized as ‘yes’ (met criteria), ‘no’ (did not meet criteria) or ‘not applicable’. The ‘Completeness of reporting (COR) score’ for each manuscript was calculated: COR score = yes / [yes + no]. In journals with included studies the instructions to authors and reviewers were checked for reference to STROBE. Results The 89 included studies were undertaken in 32 countries and published in 37 journals. The mean COR score was 60.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 58.1–63.7%; range 30.8–88.9%). The mean COR score did not differ between surveys published in journals with author instructions referring to STROBE (10/37 journals; 61.1%, 95%CI 56.4–65.8%) or in journals where STROBE was not mentioned (60.9%, 95%CI 57.4–64.3%; p = 0.93). Conclusion While reporting in blindness prevalence surveys is strong in some areas, others need improvement. We recommend that more journals adopt the STROBE checklist and ensure it is used by authors and reviewers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Ramke
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Palagyi
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vanessa Jordan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Clare E. Gilbert
- International Centre for Eye Health, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Rivoirard R, Bourmaud A, Oriol M, Tinquaut F, Méry B, Langrand-Escure J, Vallard A, Fournel P, Magné N, Chauvin F. Quality of reporting in oncology studies: A systematic analysis of literature reviews and prospects. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 112:179-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Mastroianno S, Di Stolfo G, Seripa D, Pacilli MA, Paroni G, Coli C, Urbano M, d’Arienzo C, Gravina C, Potenza DR, De Luca G, Greco A, Russo A. Role of the APOE polymorphism in carotid and lower limb revascularization: A prospective study from Southern Italy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171055. [PMID: 28249002 PMCID: PMC5332070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial disease and the apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism has been associated to vascular complications of atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationship between the APOE genotypes and advanced peripheral vascular disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS 258 consecutive patients (201 males and 57 females, mean age 70.83 ± 7.89 years) with severe PVD were enrolled in a 42-months longitudinal study (mean 31.65 ± 21.11 months) for major adverse cardiovascular events. At follow-up genotypes of the APOE polymorphism were investigated in blinded fashion. RESULTS As compared with ε3/ε3, in ε4-carriers a significant higher incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (35.58% vs. 20.79%; p = 0.025) and total peripheral revascularization (22.64% vs. 5.06%; p < 0.001) was observed. Prospective analysis, showed that ε4-carriers have an increased hazard ratio for major adverse cardiovascular events (adjusted HR 1.829, 95% CI 1.017-3.287; p = 0.044) and total peripheral revascularization (adjusted HR = 5.916, 95% CI 2.405-14.554, p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS The ε4 allele seems to be risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events, and in particular for total peripheral revascularization in patients with advanced atherosclerotic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Mastroianno
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Stolfo
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Davide Seripa
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Michele Antonio Pacilli
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giulia Paroni
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carlo Coli
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Urbano
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carmela d’Arienzo
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carolina Gravina
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Domenico Rosario Potenza
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Luca
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Aldo Russo
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
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Reporting Quality of Observational Studies in Plastic Surgery Needs Improvement: A Systematic Review. Ann Plast Surg 2017; 76:585-9. [PMID: 25643190 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000000419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our objective was to determine the compliance of observational studies in plastic surgery with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement checklist. METHODS All cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies published in five major plastic surgery journals in 2013 were assessed for their compliance with the STROBE statement. RESULTS One hundred thirty-six studies were identified initially and 94 met the inclusion criteria. The average STROBE score was 12.4 (range, 2-20.1) with a standard deviation of 3.36. The most frequent reporting deficiencies were not reporting the study design in the title and abstract 30% compliance; describing the setting, locations, and relevant dates, including periods of recruitment, exposure, follow-up, and data collection (24%); describing efforts to address sources of bias (20%); reporting numbers of individuals at each stage of the study (20%); and discussing limitations (40%). CONCLUSIONS The reporting quality of observational studies in Plastic Surgery needs improvement. We suggest ways this could be improved including better education, awareness among all stakeholders, and hardwiring compliance through electronic journal submission systems.
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Hendriksma M, Joosten MHMA, Peters JPM, Grolman W, Stegeman I. Evaluation of the Quality of Reporting of Observational Studies in Otorhinolaryngology - Based on the STROBE Statement. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169316. [PMID: 28060869 PMCID: PMC5217955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies are the most frequently published studies in literature. When randomized controlled trials cannot be conducted because of ethical or practical considerations, an observational study design is the first choice. The STROBE Statement (STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology) was developed to provide guidance on how to adequately report observational studies. Objectives The objectives were 1) to evaluate the quality of reporting of observational studies of otorhinolaryngologic literature using the STROBE Statement checklist, 2) to compare the quality of reporting of observational studies in the top 5 Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) journals versus the top 5 general medical journals and 3) to formulate recommendations to improve adequate reporting of observational research in otorhinolaryngologic literature. Methods The top 5 general medical journals and top 5 otorhinolaryngologic journals were selected based on their ISI Web of Knowledge impact factors. On August 3rd, 2015, we performed a PubMed search using different filters to retrieve observational articles from these journals. Studies were selected from 2010 to 2014 for the general medical journals and from 2015 for the ENT journals. We assessed all STROBE items to examine how many items were reported adequately for each journal type. Results The articles in the top 5 general medical journals (n = 11) reported a mean of 69.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 65.8%–72.7%; median 70.6%), whereas the top 5 ENT journals (n = 29) reported a mean of 51.4% (95% CI: 47.7%–55.0%; median 50.0%). The two journal types reported STROBE items significantly different (p < .001). Conclusion Quality of reporting of observational studies in otorhinolaryngologic articles can considerably enhance. The quality of reporting was better in general medical journals compared to ENT journals. To improve the quality of reporting of observational studies, we recommend authors and editors to endorse and actively implement the STROBE Statement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Hendriksma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel H. M. A. Joosten
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen P. M. Peters
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wilko Grolman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Inge Stegeman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Bravo-Peña M, Barona-Fong L, Campo-López J, Arroyave Y, Calvache JA. ¿Es completo el reporte de los estudios observacionales publicados en la Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología? Estudio de corte transversal. COLOMBIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rca.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Bravo-Peña M, Barona-Fong L, Campo-López J, Arroyave Y, Calvache JA. Assessing the completeness of reporting of observational studies in Colombian Journal of Anesthesiology. Cross sectional study. COLOMBIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rcae.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Hemkens LG, Benchimol EI, Langan SM, Briel M, Kasenda B, Januel JM, Herrett E, von Elm E. The reporting of studies using routinely collected health data was often insufficient. J Clin Epidemiol 2016; 79:104-111. [PMID: 27343981 PMCID: PMC5152936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess reporting quality of studies using routinely collected health data (RCD) to inform the REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely collected health Data (RECORD) guideline development. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING PubMed search for observational studies using RCD on any epidemiologic or clinical topic. Sample of studies published in 2012. Evaluation of five items based on the STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guideline and eight newly developed items for RCD studies. RESULTS Of 124 included studies, 39 (31.5%) clearly described its design in title or abstract. Complete information to frame a focused research question, that is, on the population, intervention/exposure, and outcome, was provided for 51 studies (41.1%). In 44 studies where definitions of codes or classification algorithms would be necessary to operationalize such a research question, only nine (20.5%) reported all items adequately. In 81 studies describing multivariable analyses, 54 (66.7%) reported all variables used for modeling and 34 (42.0%) reported basic details required for replication. Database linkage was reported adequately in 12 of 41 studies (29.3%). Statements about data sharing/availability were rare (5/124; 4%). CONCLUSION Most RCD studies are insufficiently reported. Specific reporting guidelines and more awareness and education on their use are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars G Hemkens
- Department of Clinical Research, Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 12, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Eric I Benchimol
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, G1 06, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Sinéad M Langan
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Briel
- Department of Clinical Research, Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 12, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Benjamin Kasenda
- Department of Clinical Research, Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 12, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marie Januel
- University Institute of Higher Education and Research in Health Care (IUFRS), Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Biopole 2, Route de la Corniche 10, CH-1010, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emily Herrett
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Erik von Elm
- Cochrane Switzerland, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Route de la Corniche 10, CH-1010, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Nicholls SG, Langan SM, Sørensen HT, Petersen I, Benchimol EI. The RECORD reporting guidelines: meeting the methodological and ethical demands of transparency in research using routinely-collected health data. Clin Epidemiol 2016; 8:389-392. [PMID: 27799820 PMCID: PMC5076545 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s110528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Routinely-collected health data (RCD) are now used for a wide range of studies, including observational studies, comparative effectiveness research, diagnostics, studies of adverse effects, and predictive analytics. At the same time, limitations inherent in using data collected without specific a priori research questions are increasingly recognized. There is also a growing awareness of the suboptimal quality of reports presenting research based on RCD. This has created a perfect storm of increased interest and use of RCD for research, together with inadequate reporting of the strengths and weaknesses of these data resources. The REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected Data (RECORD) statement was developed to address these limitations and to help researchers using RCD to meet their ethical obligations of complete and accurate reporting, as well as improve the utility of research conducted using RCD. The RECORD statement has been endorsed by more than 15 journals, including Clinical Epidemiology. This journal now recommends that authors submit the RECORD checklist together with any manuscript reporting on research using RCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Nicholls
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Henrik Toft Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Irene Petersen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Eric I Benchimol
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute
- Department of Pediatrics and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Benchimol EI, Smeeth L, Guttmann A, Harron K, Hemkens LG, Moher D, Petersen I, Sørensen HT, von Elm E, Langan SM. [The REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected health Data (RECORD) statement]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR EVIDENZ FORTBILDUNG UND QUALITAET IM GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2016; 115-116:33-48. [PMID: 27837958 PMCID: PMC5330542 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Zunehmend werden routinemäßig gesammelte Gesundheitsdaten, die zu administrativen und klinischen Zwecken und ohne spezifische, a priori festgelegte Forschungsziele erhoben wurden, auch für die Forschung eingesetzt. Die rasche Entwicklung und Verfügbarkeit dieser Daten machten Probleme deutlich, die in den bestehenden Berichts-Leitlinien, wie dem STROBE-Statement (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) nicht behandelt werden. Das RECORD-Statement (REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected health Data) wurde entwickelt, um diese Lücken zu schließen. RECORD ist als Erweiterung des STROBE-Statements gedacht, um Punkte abzudecken, die spezifisch sind beim Berichten von Beobachtungsstudien, die routinemäßig gesammelte Gesundheitsdaten verwenden. RECORD besteht aus einer Checkliste von 13 Punkten mit Bezug zu Titel, Abstract, Einleitung, Methoden-, Ergebnis- und Diskussionsteil von Artikeln sowie zu anderen Informationen, die in Forschungsberichten dieser Art enthalten sein sollten. Dieses Dokument enthält die Checkliste sowie Erläuterungen und weitere Erklärungen, um die Verwendung der Checkliste zu verbessern. Beispiele für ein gutes Berichten der einzelnen Punkte der RECORD-Checkliste sind ebenfalls in diesem Dokument enthalten. Dieses Dokument sowie die zugehörige Website und ein Forum (http://www.record-statement.org) werden die Umsetzung und das Verständnis von RECORD verbessern. Autoren, Redakteure von Fachzeitschriften und Peer-Reviewer können die Transparenz beim Berichten von Forschungsergebnissen erhöhen, indem sie RECORD anwenden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric I Benchimol
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Liam Smeeth
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Astrid Guttmann
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada; Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Paediatrics and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Katie Harron
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lars G Hemkens
- Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Moher
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Irene Petersen
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Henrik T Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Erik von Elm
- Cochrane Switzerland, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Medical Centre Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sinéad M Langan
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
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Rao A, Brück K, Methven S, Evans R, Stel VS, Jager KJ, Hooft L, Ben-Shlomo Y, Caskey F. Quality of Reporting and Study Design of CKD Cohort Studies Assessing Mortality in the Elderly Before and After STROBE: A Systematic Review. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155078. [PMID: 27168187 PMCID: PMC4863970 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement was published in October 2007 to improve quality of reporting of observational studies. The aim of this review was to assess the impact of the STROBE statement on observational study reporting and study design quality in the nephrology literature. STUDY DESIGN Systematic literature review. SETTING & POPULATION European and North American, Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) cohort studies. SELECTION CRITERIA FOR STUDIES Studies assessing the association between CKD and mortality in the elderly (>65 years) published from 1st January 2002 to 31st December 2013 were included, following systematic searching of MEDLINE & EMBASE. PREDICTOR Time period before and after the publication of the STROBE statement. OUTCOME Quality of study reporting using the STROBE statement and quality of study design using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS), Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tools. RESULTS 37 papers (11 Pre & 26 Post STROBE) were identified from 3621 potential articles. Only four of the 22 STROBE items and their sub-criteria (objectives reporting, choice of quantitative groups and description of and carrying out sensitivity analysis) showed improvements, with the majority of items showing little change between the period before and after publication of the STROBE statement. Pre- and post-period analysis revealed a Manuscript STROBE score increase (median score 77.8% (Inter-quartile range [IQR], 64.7-82.0) vs 83% (IQR, 78.4-84.9, p = 0.05). There was no change in quality of study design with identical median scores in the two periods for NOS (Manuscript NOS score 88.9), SIGN (Manuscript SIGN score 83.3) and CASP (Manuscript CASP score 91.7) tools. LIMITATIONS Only 37 Studies from Europe and North America were included from one medical specialty. Assessment of study design largely reliant on good reporting. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights continuing deficiencies in the reporting of STROBE items and their sub-criteria in cohort studies in nephrology. There was weak evidence of improvement in the overall reporting quality, with no improvement in methodological quality of CKD cohort studies between the period before and after publication of the STROBE statement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Rao
- UK Renal Registry, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Katharina Brück
- ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shona Methven
- UK Renal Registry, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Vianda S. Stel
- ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kitty J. Jager
- ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lotty Hooft
- Dutch Cochrane Centre, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- UK Renal Registry, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Fergus Caskey
- UK Renal Registry, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Nicholls SG, Langan SM, Benchimol EI, Moher D. Reporting transparency: making the ethical mandate explicit. BMC Med 2016; 14:44. [PMID: 26979591 PMCID: PMC4793699 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0587-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving the transparency and quality of reporting in biomedical research is considered ethically important; yet, this is often based on practical reasons such as the facilitation of peer review. Surprisingly, there has been little explicit discussion regarding the ethical obligations that underpin reporting guidelines. In this commentary, we suggest a number of ethical drivers for the improved reporting of research. These ethical drivers relate to researcher integrity as well as to the benefits derived from improved reporting such as the fair use of resources, minimizing risk of harms, and maximizing benefits. Despite their undoubted benefit to reporting completeness, questions remain regarding the extent to which reporting guidelines can influence processes beyond publication, including researcher integrity or the uptake of scientific research findings into policy or practice. Thus, we consider investigation on the effects of reporting guidelines an important step in providing evidence of their benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Nicholls
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, c/o RI Administration Offices, Research Building 1, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada. .,School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Sinéad M Langan
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Eric I Benchimol
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, c/o RI Administration Offices, Research Building 1, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.,School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - David Moher
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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Benchimol EI, Smeeth L, Guttmann A, Harron K, Moher D, Petersen I, Sørensen HT, von Elm E, Langan SM. The REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected health Data (RECORD) statement. PLoS Med 2015; 12:e1001885. [PMID: 26440803 PMCID: PMC4595218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2759] [Impact Index Per Article: 306.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Routinely collected health data, obtained for administrative and clinical purposes without specific a priori research goals, are increasingly used for research. The rapid evolution and availability of these data have revealed issues not addressed by existing reporting guidelines, such as Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE). The REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely collected health Data (RECORD) statement was created to fill these gaps. RECORD was created as an extension to the STROBE statement to address reporting items specific to observational studies using routinely collected health data. RECORD consists of a checklist of 13 items related to the title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion section of articles, and other information required for inclusion in such research reports. This document contains the checklist and explanatory and elaboration information to enhance the use of the checklist. Examples of good reporting for each RECORD checklist item are also included herein. This document, as well as the accompanying website and message board (http://www.record-statement.org), will enhance the implementation and understanding of RECORD. Through implementation of RECORD, authors, journals editors, and peer reviewers can encourage transparency of research reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric I. Benchimol
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
| | - Liam Smeeth
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Astrid Guttmann
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
- Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Paediatrics and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Katie Harron
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Moher
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada, and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Irene Petersen
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Erik von Elm
- Cochrane Switzerland, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sinéad M. Langan
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Andreeva E, Pokhaznikova M, Lebedev A, Moiseeva I, Kozlov A, Kuznetsova O, Degryse JM. The RESPECT study: RESearch on the PrEvalence and the diagnosis of COPD and its Tobacco-related etiology: a study protocol. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:831. [PMID: 26315949 PMCID: PMC4552306 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking remains a leading health risk factor among Europeans. Tobacco, together with other factors, will lead to an expansive epidemic of chronic diseases, including COPD, among the working population in Russia. The general aim of the RESearch on the PrEvalence and the diagnosis of COPD and its Tobacco-related etiology (RESPECT) study is to gain a better understanding of the prevalence, pathogenesis and symptoms of COPD. METHODS/DESIGN The RESPECT study is a prospective, population-based cohort study of subjects aged 35-70 years in two north-west regions of the Russian Federation (Saint Petersburg and Arkhangelsk). The study includes three components: a cross-sectional study (prevalence), a case-control study and a cohort study (diagnostic). An investigator who interviewed the patient completed three questionnaires. Spirometry, including a reversibility test, was offered to all participants. Individuals displaying forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) < 0.7 and/or FEV1/FVC < the lower limit of normal before and/or after bronchodilation were included in a follow-up study and were examined by a pulmonologist using a standardized comprehensive examination protocol. A future case-control study of two matched groups of patients (heavy smokers with COPD versus heavy smokers without COPD) will provide information on which factors (biomarkers, including pneumoproteins, in serum and induced sputum) are related to tobacco-induced COPD. DISCUSSION In total, 3133 individuals (2122 from St. Petersburg and 1012 from Arkhangelsk) aged 35-70 years agreed to participate in this study and met the inclusion criteria. In total, 2974 participants met the quality criteria for spirometry, and 2388 reversibility tests were performed. A cohort of newly defined obstructive pulmonary disease patients (247 persons) was established for follow-up investigation. The RESPECT study will provide information regarding the prevalence of COPD in the north-west region of the Russian Federation. Moreover, the comprehensive RESPECT database will enable us to explore new research questions, provide novel insight into the risk factors and different phenotypes of COPD, and contribute to an improved understanding of the reasons why some heavy smokers develop the disease whereas others do not. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02307799 (the release date: 12/01/2014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreeva
- Institute of Health and Society, Université Catholique de Louvain, IRSS, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30/10.15, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
- Department of Family Medicine, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, the Russian Federation.
| | - Marina Pokhaznikova
- Department of Family Medicine, North-West State Medical University (named after I.I. Mechnikov), Saint Petersburg, the Russian Federation.
| | - Anatoly Lebedev
- Department of Family Medicine, North-West State Medical University (named after I.I. Mechnikov), Saint Petersburg, the Russian Federation.
| | - Irina Moiseeva
- Department of Family Medicine, North-West State Medical University (named after I.I. Mechnikov), Saint Petersburg, the Russian Federation.
| | - Anton Kozlov
- Department of Family Medicine, North-West State Medical University (named after I.I. Mechnikov), Saint Petersburg, the Russian Federation.
| | - Olga Kuznetsova
- Department of Family Medicine, North-West State Medical University (named after I.I. Mechnikov), Saint Petersburg, the Russian Federation.
| | - Jean-Marie Degryse
- Institute of Health and Society, Université Catholique de Louvain, IRSS, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30/10.15, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KULeuven, Kapucijnenvoer, 33, B3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Nicholls SG, Quach P, von Elm E, Guttmann A, Moher D, Petersen I, Sørensen HT, Smeeth L, Langan SM, Benchimol EI. The REporting of Studies Conducted Using Observational Routinely-Collected Health Data (RECORD) Statement: Methods for Arriving at Consensus and Developing Reporting Guidelines. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125620. [PMID: 25965407 PMCID: PMC4428635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Routinely collected health data, collected for administrative and clinical purposes, without specific a priori research questions, are increasingly used for observational, comparative effectiveness, health services research, and clinical trials. The rapid evolution and availability of routinely collected data for research has brought to light specific issues not addressed by existing reporting guidelines. The aim of the present project was to determine the priorities of stakeholders in order to guide the development of the REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected health Data (RECORD) statement. Methods Two modified electronic Delphi surveys were sent to stakeholders. The first determined themes deemed important to include in the RECORD statement, and was analyzed using qualitative methods. The second determined quantitative prioritization of the themes based on categorization of manuscript headings. The surveys were followed by a meeting of RECORD working committee, and re-engagement with stakeholders via an online commentary period. Results The qualitative survey (76 responses of 123 surveys sent) generated 10 overarching themes and 13 themes derived from existing STROBE categories. Highest-rated overall items for inclusion were: Disease/exposure identification algorithms; Characteristics of the population included in databases; and Characteristics of the data. In the quantitative survey (71 responses of 135 sent), the importance assigned to each of the compiled themes varied depending on the manuscript section to which they were assigned. Following the working committee meeting, online ranking by stakeholders provided feedback and resulted in revision of the final checklist. Conclusions The RECORD statement incorporated the suggestions provided by a large, diverse group of stakeholders to create a reporting checklist specific to observational research using routinely collected health data. Our findings point to unique aspects of studies conducted with routinely collected health data and the perceived need for better reporting of methodological issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G. Nicholls
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Children′s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Pauline Quach
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
| | - Erik von Elm
- Cochrane Switzerland, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Astrid Guttmann
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
- Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Paediatrics and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - David Moher
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Irene Petersen
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Liam Smeeth
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sinéad M. Langan
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eric I. Benchimol
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Children′s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Children′s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Johnson SP, Malay S, Chung KC. The quality of control groups in nonrandomized studies published in the Journal of Hand Surgery. J Hand Surg Am 2015; 40:133-9. [PMID: 25447000 PMCID: PMC4791587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate control group selection in nonrandomized studies published in the Journal of Hand Surgery American (JHS). METHODS We reviewed all papers published in JHS in 2013 to identify studies that used nonrandomized control groups. Data collected included type of study design and control group characteristics. We then appraised studies to determine whether authors discussed confounding and selection bias and how they controlled for confounding. RESULTS Thirty-seven nonrandomized studies were published in JHS in 2013. The source of control was either the same institution as the study group, a different institution, a database, or not provided in the manuscript. Twenty-nine (78%) studies statistically compared key characteristics between control and study group. Confounding was controlled with matching, exclusion criteria, or regression analysis. Twenty-two (59%) papers explicitly discussed the threat of confounding and 18 (49%) identified sources of selection bias. CONCLUSIONS In our review of nonrandomized studies published in JHS, papers had well-defined controls that were similar to the study group, allowing for reasonable comparisons. However, we identified substantial confounding and bias that were not addressed as explicit limitations, which might lead the reader to overestimate the scientific validity of the data. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Incorporating a brief discussion of control group selection in scientific manuscripts should help readers interpret the study more appropriately. Authors, reviewers, and editors should strive to address this component of clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shepard P Johnson
- Department of Surgery, Saint Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Sunitha Malay
- Department of Surgery, Saint Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Kevin C Chung
- Department of Surgery, Saint Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI; Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
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Diep CS, Chen TA, Davies VF, Baranowski JC, Baranowski T. Influence of behavioral theory on fruit and vegetable intervention effectiveness among children: a meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2014; 46:506-546. [PMID: 25457730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypotheses that interventions clearly based on theory, multiple theories, or a formal intervention planning process will be more effective in changing fruit and vegetable consumption among children than interventions with no behavioral theoretical foundation. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING Identification of articles in PubMed, PsycInfo, Medline, Cochrane Collaborative database, and existing literature reviews and meta-analyses. PARTICIPANTS Children aged 2-18 years. INTERVENTIONS Change in fruit and/or vegetable consumption in dietary change interventions. METHODS Meta-analysis, meta-regression analysis, and summary reporting for articles. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Predicating an intervention on behavioral theory had a small to moderate enhancement (P < .001) of outcome effectiveness. Differences in mean Hedges' g effect sizes between theory and non-theory interventions were 0.232 for fruit, 0.043 for vegetables, and 0.333 for fruit and vegetables combined. There was mixed support, however, for enhanced dietary change with multiple theories or a formal planning process. After controlling for study quality, theory use was related only to vegetable consumption (β = 0.373; P < .001). More research is needed on theory's influences on dietary behaviors to guide future interventions among children. More research is also needed to identify what may be effective practical- or experience-based procedures that complement theory, to incorporate into interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra S Diep
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
| | - Tzu-An Chen
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Vanessa F Davies
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Public Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Janice C Baranowski
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Tom Baranowski
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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Demographic characteristics, nicotine dependence, and motivation to quit as possible determinants of smoking behaviors and acceptability of shocking warnings in Italy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:723035. [PMID: 24900980 PMCID: PMC4037115 DOI: 10.1155/2014/723035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. This paper presents the final results of a cross-sectional study started in 2010. It compares the perceived efficacy of different types of tobacco health warning (texts versus shocking pictures) to quit or reduce tobacco use. Methods. The study conducted between 2010 and 2012 in Italy enrolled adults smokers. Administering a questionnaire demographic data, smokers behaviors were collected. Showing text and graphic warnings (the corpse of a smoker, diseased lungs, etc.) the most perceived efficacy to reduce tobacco consumption or to encourage was quit. Results. 666 subjects were interviewed; 6% of responders referred that they stopped smoking at least one month due to the textual warnings. The 81% of the smokers perceived that the warnings with shocking pictures are more effective in reducing/quitting tobacco consumption than text-only warnings. The younger group (<45 years), who are more motivated to quit (Mondor's score ≥ 12), and females showed a higher effectiveness of shocking warnings to reduce tobacco consumption of, 76%, 78%, and 43%, respectively with P < 0.05. Conclusions. This study suggests that pictorial warnings on cigarette packages are more likely to be noticed and rated as effective by Italian smokers. Female and younger smokers appear to be more involved by shock images. The jarring warnings also appear to be supporting those who want to quit smoking. This type of supportive information in Italy may become increasingly important for helping smokers to change their behavior.
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Addressing the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement in Archives of Plastic Surgery Reports. Arch Plast Surg 2014; 41:1-2. [PMID: 24511487 PMCID: PMC3915148 DOI: 10.5999/aps.2014.41.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Hasbahçeci M, Başak F, Uysal Ö. Evaluation of reporting quality of the 2010 and 2012 National Surgical Congress oral presentations by CONSORT, STROBE and Timmer criteria. ULUSAL CERRAHI DERGISI 2014; 30:138-46. [PMID: 25931915 DOI: 10.5152/ucd.2014.2722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the abstracts of oral presentations that were accepted to the National Surgical Congress by CONSORT, STROBE and Timmer criteria and to recommend development of a national abstract assessment system. MATERIAL AND METHODS Presentation scores were calculated for oral presentations that have been accepted to the 2010 and 2012 National Surgical Congresses and have been included in the digital congress abstract booklets by two independent reviewers who were blinded to information regarding both the author and the institution. The CONSORT and Timmer criteria were used for randomized controlled trials, and for observational studies the STROBE and Timmer criteria were used. The presentation score that was obtained by three different evaluation systems was accepted as the main variable. The score changes according to the two congresses, the influence of the reviewers on the presentation scores, and compatibility between the two reviewers were evaluated. Comparisons regarding study types and total presentation number were made by using the chi-square test, the compatibility between the total score of the presentations were made by the Mann-Whitney U test and the compatibility between the reviewers were evaluated by the Wilcoxon signed ranks test. RESULTS There was no difference between the two Congresses in terms of study type distribution and total number of accepted presentations (p=0.844). The total scores of randomized controlled trials and observational studies from the 2010 and 2012 National Surgical Congresses that were evaluated by two independent reviewers with different assessment tools did not show any significant difference (p>0.05). A significant difference was observed between the reviewers in their evaluation by CONSORT, STROBE and Timmer criteria (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Implementation of standard criteria for the evaluation of abstracts that are sent to congresses is important in terms of presentation reporting quality. The existing criteria should be revised according to national factors, in order to reduce the significant differences between reviewers. It is believed that discussions on a new evaluation system will be beneficial in terms of the development of a national assessment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Hasbahçeci
- Department of General Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Başak
- Clinic of General Surgery, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ömer Uysal
- Department of Biostatistics and Medicine Informatics, Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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