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Fang H, Khoury JD, Torres-Cabala CA, Ng SB, Xu J, El Hussein S, Hu S, Vega F, Li S, Tang Z, Tang G, Medeiros LJ, Wang W. Expression pattern and diagnostic utility of BCL11B in mature T- and NK-cell neoplasms. Pathology 2022; 54:893-899. [PMID: 35864006 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BCL11B is an essential transcription factor for T-cell lineage commitment and differentiation, and its dysregulation has been shown to be associated with T-cell tumourigenesis. In this study, we investigated BCL11B expression by immunohistochemical analysis in 120 cases of mature T-cell lymphoma, 34 B-cell lymphomas, 11 NK-cell neoplasms and 17 reactive cutaneous conditions. All cases of mycosis fungoides (n=23), primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (n=8) and T-prolymphocytic leukaemia (n=6) were positive for BCL11B and the staining intensity was higher than that of reactive T-cells. Fourteen of 15 (93%) cases of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, 10 of 12 (83%) T-large granular lymphocytic leukaemia and 14 of 20 (70%) peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, were also positive for BCL11B with an intensity comparable to reactive T-cells. Other T-cell neoplasms were uncommonly positive including one of three (33%) cases of primary cutaneous gamma delta T-cell lymphoma, one of four (25%) cases of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma, one of four (25%) cases of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma, and one of 20 (5%) cases of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (8 ALK-positive, 12 ALK-negative). T-cells in reactive cutaneous infiltrates were also positive for BCL11B, but staining intensity was much weaker than in mycosis fungoides. All NK-cell (n=11) and B-cell neoplasms (n=34) were negative for BCL11B. In conclusion, BCL11B shows a distinct expression pattern in various T-cell neoplasms. BCL11B appears to have utility as another T-cell marker and may be useful in the differential diagnosis of lymphoid neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Fang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph D Khoury
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carlos A Torres-Cabala
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Siok Bian Ng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Siba El Hussein
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shimin Hu
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Francisco Vega
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shaoying Li
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhenya Tang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guilin Tang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Zheng J, Dong H, Zhang T, Ning J, Xu Y, Cai C. Development and Validation of a Novel Gene Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Three Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Immune-Related Genes. Front Genet 2022; 13:865052. [PMID: 35559024 PMCID: PMC9086533 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.865052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence has revealed that epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and immunity play key roles in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, correlation between EMT and immune response and the prognostic significance of EMT in IPF remains unclear. Methods: Two microarray expression profiling datasets (GSE70866 and GSE28221) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. EMT- and immune-related genes were identified by gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and the Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumors using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to investigate the functions of these EMT- and immune-related genes. Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were used to screen prognostic genes and establish a gene signature. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Cell-type Identification By Estimating Relative Subsets Of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) were used to investigate the function of the EMT- and immune-related signatures and correlation between the EMT- and immune-related signatures and immune cell infiltration. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to investigate the mRNA expression of genes in the EMT- and immune-related signatures. Results: Functional enrichment analysis suggested that these genes were mainly involved in immune response. Moreover, the EMT- and immune-related signatures were constructed based on three EMT- and immune-related genes (IL1R2, S100A12, and CCL8), and the K–M and ROC curves presented that the signature could affect the prognosis of IPF patients and could predict the 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival well. Furthermore, a nomogram was developed based on the expression of IL1R2, S100A12, and CCL8, and the calibration curve showed that the nomogram could visually and accurately predict the 1-, 2-, 3-year survival of IPF patients. Finally, we further found that immune-related pathways were activated in the high-risk group of patients, and the EMT- and immune-related signatures were associated with NK cells activated, macrophages M0, dendritic cells resting, mast cells resting, and mast cells activated. qRT-PCR suggested that the mRNA expression of IL1R2, S100A12, and CCL8 was upregulated in whole blood of IPF patients compared with normal samples. Conclusion: IL1R2, S100A12, and CCL8 might play key roles in IPF by regulating immune response and could be used as prognostic biomarkers of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, China
| | - Hanquan Dong
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, China
| | - Tongqiang Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Ning
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, China
| | - Yongsheng Xu
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, China
| | - Chunquan Cai
- Tianjin Institute of Pediatrics(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Birth Defects for Prevention and Treatment), Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, China
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3
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Zhang P, Zhang M. Epigenetics in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:663961. [PMID: 34249700 PMCID: PMC8263908 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.663961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) comprise a group of heterogeneous diseases involving malignant T cells. The pathogenesis and etiology of CTCL are still unclear, although a large number of genetic and epidemiological studies on CTCL have been conducted. Most CTCLs have an indolent course, making early diagnosis difficult. Once large-cell transformation occurs, CTCL progresses to more aggressive types, resulting in an overall survival of less than five years. Epigenetic drugs, which have shown certain curative effects, have been selected as third-line drugs in patients with relapsing and refractory CTCL. Many studies have also identified epigenetic biomarkers from tissues and peripheral blood of patients with CTCL and suggested that epigenetic changes play a role in malignant transformation and histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) resistance in CTCL. Single-cell sequencing has been applied in CTCL studies, revealing heterogeneity in CTCL malignant T cells. The mechanisms of HDACi resistance have also been described, further facilitating the discovery of novel HDACi targets. Despite the heterogeneity of CTCL disease and its obscure pathogenesis, more epigenetic abnormalities have been gradually discovered recently, which not only enables us to understand CTCL disease further but also improves our understanding of the specific role of epigenetics in the pathogenesis and treatment. In this review, we discuss the recent discoveries concerning the pathological roles of epigenetics and epigenetic therapy in CTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, China.,Department of Oncology, Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, China
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Gu X, Wang Y, Zhang C, Liu Y. GFI-1 overexpression promotes cell proliferation and apoptosis resistance in mycosis fungoides by repressing Bax and P21. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:521. [PMID: 34025788 PMCID: PMC8130034 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. The majority of patients with advanced stage MF are resistant to conventional chemotherapy and thus have a poor prognosis. The transcriptional repressor growth factor independence-1 (GFI-1) serves an important role in the development of T-cells. The results of the present study demonstrated that the expression of GFI-1 at different clinical stages of MF was significantly higher compared with benign inflammatory dermatoses, and there was a significant association with disease progression. Gene knockdown of GFI-1 results in the inhibition of Hut-78 cell proliferation and clone formation in vitro, cell cycle arrest and spontaneous apoptosis, upregulation of cell cycle-related P21, as well as the apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Caspase-3, and downregulation of CDK2. Using luciferase assays, and mutational analysis, it was demonstrated that GFI-1 directly regulated the transcription of P21. The results of the present study highlighted a potential molecular therapeutic approach for the treatment of advanced MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Gu
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing 100012, P.R. China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, P.R. China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing 100012, P.R. China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, P.R. China
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5
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Meng Y, Qian X, Zhao L, Li N, Wu S, Chen B, Sun T, Wang X. Trichostatin A downregulates bromodomain and extra-terminal proteins to suppress osimertinib resistant non-small cell lung carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:216. [PMID: 33858423 PMCID: PMC8050891 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01914-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The third-generation epithelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have shown significant therapeutic effects on patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) who carry active EGFR mutations, as well as those who have developed acquired resistance to the first-generation of EGFR-TKIs due to the T790M mutation. However, most patients develop drug resistance after 8-10 months of treatment. Currently, the mechanism has not been well clarified, and new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. METHODS Osimertinib resistant cell lines were established by culturing sensitive cells in chronically increasing doses of osimertinib. The anticancer effect of reagents was examined both in vitro and in vivo using the sulforhodamine B assay and a xenograft mouse model. The molecular signals were detected by western blotting. The combination effect was analyzed using CompuSyn software. RESULTS We found that bromodomain and extra-terminal proteins (BETs) were upregulated in osimertinib resistant (H1975-OR) cells compared with those in the paired parental cells (H1975-P), and that knockdown of BETs significantly inhibited the growth of H1975-OR cells. The BET inhibitor JQ1 also exhibited stronger growth-inhibitory effects on H1975-OR cells and a greater expression of BETs and the downstream effector c-Myc than were observed in H1975-P cells. The histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) showed stronger growth suppression in H1975-OR cells than in H1975-P cells, but vorinostat, another HDAC inhibitor, showed equal inhibitory efficacy in both cell types. Consistently, downregulation of BET and c-Myc expression was greater with TSA than with vorinostat. TSA restrained the growth of H1975-OR and H1975-P xenograft tumors. The combination of TSA and JQ1 showed synergistic growth-inhibitory effects in parallel with decreased BET and c-Myc expression in both H1975-OR and H1975-P cells and in xenograft nude mouse models. BETs were not upregulated in osimertinib resistant HCC827 cells compared with parental cells, while TSA and vorinostat exhibited equal inhibitory effects on both cell types. CONCLUSION Upregulation of BETs contributed to the osimertinib resistance of H1975 cells. TSA downregulated BET expression and enhanced the growth inhibitory effect of JQ1 both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings provided new strategies for the treatment of osimertinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xixi Qian
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shengjie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Sun
- Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmiandadao, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xuerong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmiandadao, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Yi JZ, McGee JS. Epigenetic-modifying therapies: An emerging avenue for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1167-1176. [PMID: 33752257 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications include DNA methylation, histone modification and the action of microRNAs. These mechanisms coordinate in complex networks to control gene expression, thereby regulating key physiological processes in the skin and immune system. Recently, researchers have turned to the epigenome to understand the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases. In psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, epigenetic modifications contribute to key pathogenic events such as immune activation, T-cell polarization and keratinocyte dysfunction. These discoveries have introduced new possibilities for the treatment of skin diseases; unlike genetics, epigenetic alterations are readily modifiable and potentially reversible. In this viewpoint essay, we summarize the current state of epigenetic research in inflammatory skin diseases and propose that targeting the histone machinery is a promising avenue for the development of new therapies for psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Expanding on the progress that has already been made in the field of cancer epigenetics, we discuss existing epigenetic-modifying tools that can be applied to the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases and consider future directions for investigation in order to allow for the widespread clinical application of such therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Z Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean S McGee
- Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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7
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Lai P, Wang Y. Epigenetics of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: biomarkers and therapeutic potentials. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:34-51. [PMID: 33628583 PMCID: PMC7877166 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of skin-homing non-Hodgkin lymphomas. There are limited options for effective treatment of patients with advanced-stage CTCL, leading to a poor survival rate. Epigenetics plays a pivotal role in regulating gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. Epigenetic alterations are involved in virtually all key cancer-associated pathways and are fundamental to the genesis of cancer. In recent years, the epigenetic hallmarks of CTCL have been gradually elucidated and their potential values in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic intervention have been clarified. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the best-studied epigenetic modifications in CTCL, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNAs, and chromatin remodelers. These epigenetic regulators are essential in the development of CTCL and provide new insights into the clinical treatments of this refractory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Lai
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing 100034, China
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Daher MT, Bausero P, Agbulut O, Li Z, Parlakian A. Bcl11b/Ctip2 in Skin, Tooth, and Craniofacial System. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581674. [PMID: 33363142 PMCID: PMC7758212 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ctip2/Bcl11b is a zinc finger transcription factor with dual action (repression/activation) that couples epigenetic regulation to gene transcription during the development of various tissues. It is involved in a variety of physiological responses under healthy and pathological conditions. Its role and mechanisms of action are best characterized in the immune and nervous systems. Furthermore, its implication in the development and homeostasis of other various tissues has also been reported. In the present review, we describe its role in skin development, adipogenesis, tooth formation and cranial suture ossification. Experimental data from several studies demonstrate the involvement of Bcl11b in the control of the balance between cell proliferation and differentiation during organ formation and repair, and more specifically in the context of stem cell self-renewal and fate determination. The impact of mutations in the coding sequences of Bcl11b on the development of diseases such as craniosynostosis is also presented. Finally, we discuss genome-wide association studies that suggest a potential influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms found in the 3’ regulatory region of Bcl11b on the homeostasis of the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Thérèse Daher
- Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Inserm ERL U1164, UMR CNRS 8256, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Pedro Bausero
- Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Inserm ERL U1164, UMR CNRS 8256, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Onnik Agbulut
- Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Inserm ERL U1164, UMR CNRS 8256, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Inserm ERL U1164, UMR CNRS 8256, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Ara Parlakian
- Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Inserm ERL U1164, UMR CNRS 8256, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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9
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BCL11B regulates MICA/B-mediated immune response by acting as a competitive endogenous RNA. Oncogene 2019; 39:1514-1526. [PMID: 31673069 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immune surveillance is an important host protection process that inhibits carcinogenesis and maintains cellular homeostasis. The major histocompatibility complex class I-related molecules A and B (MICA and MICB) are NKG2D ligands that play important roles in tumor immune surveillance. In the present study, by a combined bioinformatics prediction and experimental approach, we identify BCL11B 3'-UTR as a putative MICA and MICB ceRNA. We demonstrate in several human cell lines of different origins that the knockdown of BCL11B downregulates surface expression of MICA and MICB. Furthermore, we demonstrate miRNA dependency of BCL11B-mediated MICA and MICB regulation in Dicer knockdown HCT116 cells. In addition, MICA/B-targeting miRNAs (miR-17, miR-93, miR-20a, miR-20b, miR-106a, and miR-106b) repressed the expression of BCL11B by targeting its 3'-UTR. Moreover, we showed that the BCL11B knockdown-mediated downregulation of MICA/B resulted in reduced NK cell elimination in vitro and in vivo through reduced recognition of NKG2D. Of particular significance, BCL11B displays tumor-suppressive properties. The expression of BCL11B is downregulated in colon cancer tissues and associated with a reduced median survival of colon cancer patients. Taken together, our study revealed a new mechanism of BCL11B that prevents immune evasion of cancerous cells by upregulation of the NKG2D ligands MICA and MICB in a ceRNA manner.
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A Case of Histiocytic Sarcoma Arising from Mycosis Fungoides. Case Rep Hematol 2019; 2019:7834728. [PMID: 31687231 PMCID: PMC6794960 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7834728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an uncommon malignant neoplasm arising from mature histiocytes and most commonly characterized by the immunophenotypic expression of CD68, CD163, or lysozyme. Although rare, HS arising as a second primary malignancy following hematolymphoid neoplasms has been reported. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of HS occurring as a second primary malignancy in a patient with mycosis fungoides (MF), with the retained immunophenotype markers CD30 and CD4.
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Zhang Q, Wang S, Chen J, Yu Z. Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) Guided Novel Therapies for T-cell lymphomas. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:424-442. [PMID: 30911277 PMCID: PMC6428980 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.30154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of cancers with different pathogenesis and poor prognosis. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic modifiers that modulate many key biological processes. In recent years, HDACs have been fully investigated for their roles and potential as drug targets in T-cell lymphomas. In this review, we have deciphered the modes of action of HDACs, HDAC inhibitors as single agents, and HDACs guided combination therapies in T-cell lymphomas. The overview of HDACs on the stage of T-cell lymphomas, and HDACs guided therapies both as single agents and combination regimens endow great opportunities for the cure of T-cell lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Intervention, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Shaobin Wang
- Health Management Center of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Junhui Chen
- Department of Minimally Invasive Intervention, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Zhendong Yu
- China Central Laboratory of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
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Rimpelä JM, Pörsti IH, Jula A, Lehtimäki T, Niiranen TJ, Oikarinen L, Porthan K, Tikkakoski A, Virolainen J, Kontula KK, Hiltunen TP. Genome-wide association study of nocturnal blood pressure dipping in hypertensive patients. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:110. [PMID: 29973135 PMCID: PMC6032801 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0624-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Reduced nocturnal fall (non-dipping) of blood pressure (BP) is a predictor of cardiovascular target organ damage. No genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on BP dipping have been previously reported. Methods To study genetic variation affecting BP dipping, we conducted a GWAS in Genetics of Drug Responsiveness in Essential Hypertension (GENRES) cohort (n = 204) using the mean night-to-day BP ratio from up to four ambulatory BP recordings conducted on placebo. Associations with P < 1 × 10− 5 were further tested in two independent cohorts: Haemodynamics in Primary and Secondary Hypertension (DYNAMIC) (n = 183) and Dietary, Lifestyle and Genetic determinants of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (DILGOM) (n = 180). We also tested the genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for association with left ventricular hypertrophy in GENRES. Results In GENRES GWAS, rs4905794 near BCL11B achieved genome-wide significance (β = − 4.8%, P = 9.6 × 10− 9 for systolic and β = − 4.3%, P = 2.2 × 10− 6 for diastolic night-to-day BP ratio). Seven additional SNPs in five loci had P values < 1 × 10− 5. The association of rs4905794 did not significantly replicate, even though in DYNAMIC the effect was in the same direction (β = − 0.8%, P = 0.4 for systolic and β = − 1.6%, P = 0.13 for diastolic night-to-day BP ratio). In GENRES, the associations remained significant even during administration of four different antihypertensive drugs. In separate analysis in GENRES, rs4905794 was associated with echocardiographic left ventricular mass (β = − 7.6 g/m2, P = 0.02). Conclusions rs4905794 near BCL11B showed evidence for association with nocturnal BP dipping. It also associated with left ventricular mass in GENRES. Combined with earlier data, our results provide support to the idea that BCL11B could play a role in cardiovascular pathophysiology. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0624-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni M Rimpelä
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilkka H Pörsti
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti Jula
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu J Niiranen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.,National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Lasse Oikarinen
- Division of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kimmo Porthan
- Division of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Tikkakoski
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juha Virolainen
- Division of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kimmo K Kontula
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo P Hiltunen
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.
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13
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The N-Terminal CCHC Zinc Finger Motif Mediates Homodimerization of Transcription Factor BCL11B. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00368-17. [PMID: 29203643 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00368-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The BCL11B gene encodes a Krüppel-like, sequence-specific zinc finger (ZF) transcription factor that acts as either a repressor or an activator, depending on its posttranslational modifications. The importance of BCL11B in numerous biological processes in multiple organs has been well established in mouse knockout models. The phenotype of the first de novo monoallelic germ line missense mutation in the BCL11B gene (encoding N441K) strongly implies that the mutant protein acts in a dominant-negative manner by neutralizing the unaffected protein through the formation of a nonfunctional dimer. Using a Förster resonance energy transfer-assisted fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS-FRET) assay and affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry (AP-MS), we show that the N-terminal CCHC zinc finger motif is necessary and sufficient for the formation of the BCL11B dimer. Mutation of the CCHC ZF in BCL11B abolishes its transcription-regulatory activity. In addition, unlike wild-type BCL11B, this mutant is incapable of inducing cell cycle arrest and protecting against DNA damage-driven apoptosis. Our results confirm the BCL11B dimerization hypothesis and prove its importance for BCL11B function. By mapping the relevant regions to the CCHC domain, we describe a previously unidentified mechanism of transcription factor homodimerization.
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14
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Lynch C, Zhao J, Huang R, Kanaya N, Bernal L, Hsieh JH, Auerbach SS, Witt KL, Merrick BA, Chen S, Teng CT, Xia M. Identification of Estrogen-Related Receptor α Agonists in the Tox21 Compound Library. Endocrinology 2018; 159:744-753. [PMID: 29216352 PMCID: PMC5774247 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) is an orphan nuclear receptor (NR) that plays a role in energy homeostasis and controls mitochondrial oxidative respiration. Increased expression of ERRα in certain ovarian, breast, and colon cancers has a negative prognosis, indicating an important role for ERRα in cancer progression. An interaction between ERRα and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) has also recently been shown to regulate an enzyme in the β-oxidation of free fatty acids, thereby suggesting that ERRα plays an important role in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it would be prudent to identify compounds that can act as activators of ERRα. In this study, we screened ∼10,000 (8311 unique) compounds, known as the Tox21 10K collection, to identify agonists of ERRα. We performed this screen using two stably transfected HEK 293 cell lines, one with the ERRα-reporter alone and the other with both ERRα-reporter and PGC-1α expression vectors. After the primary screening, we identified more than five agonist clusters based on compound structural similarity analysis (e.g., statins). By examining the activities of the confirmed ERRα modulators in other Tox21 NR assays, eliminating those with promiscuous NR activity, and performing follow-up assays (e.g., small interfering RNA knockdown), we identified compounds that might act as endocrine disrupters through effects on ERRα signaling. To our knowledge, this study is the first comprehensive analysis in discovering potential endocrine disrupters that affect the ERRα signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Lynch
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Ruili Huang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Noriko Kanaya
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Lauren Bernal
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Jui-Hua Hsieh
- Kelly Government Solutions, Durham, North Carolina 27560
| | - Scott S. Auerbach
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, Biomolecular Screening Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Kristine L. Witt
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, Biomolecular Screening Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - B. Alex Merrick
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, Biomolecular Screening Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Shiuan Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Christina T. Teng
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, Biomolecular Screening Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Menghang Xia
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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15
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Wang Y, Gu X, Li W, Zhang Q, Zhang C. PAK1 overexpression promotes cell proliferation in cutaneous T cell lymphoma via suppression of PUMA and p21. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 90:60-67. [PMID: 29307600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) comprises a heterogeneous group of skin-homing T cell tumors. The small guanosine triphosphate effector p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) plays an important role in many fundamental cellular functions, including cell motility, proliferation, and apoptosis. The expression of PAK1 is up-regulated in several types of human cancers. However, little is known about the role of PAK1 in the pathogenesis of CTCL. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression pattern and underlying mechanism of PAK1 in CTCL. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) was used to detect PAK1 mRNA expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with CTCL. The expression of PAK1 protein in CTCL tumor tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry. CTCL cell lines were treated with a small molecule inhibitor of PAK1, p21-activated kinase inhibitor III (IPA3), at concentrations of 2, 3.5 and 5 μM for 24 h. Hut 78 and HH CTCL cells were transfected with lentiviral-based PAK1 gene knockdown vectors. We determined the effects of PAK1 knockdown on cell proliferation and apoptosis in CTCL cells by MTS assay and flow cytometry. Animal experiments were performed to investigate the effects of PAK1 knockdown on the growth of tumors in vivo. Transcriptomic sequencing was performed to detect the direct downstream targets of PAK1 silencing. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were applied to verify the results of the transcriptomic analysis. RESULTS We detected PAK1 overexpression in PBMCs and skin lesions from patients with CTCL compared with benign inflammatory dermatoses (BID). Knockdown of PAK1 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted spontaneous apoptosis. In addition, the inhibitory effect of IPA3 was validated in the CTCL cell lines. Additionally, mice injected with PAK1-silenced cells presented with a decreased rate of tumor growth compared with the control groups. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression of PUMA (BBC3) and p21 (CDKN1A) were increased in PAK1-silenced Hut 78 and HH cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that PAK1 is upregulated in CTCL. PAK1 silencing induced apoptosis and inhibited cell growth by stimulating the expression of PUMA and p21. Thus, PAK1 may be a potential tumor marker and therapeutic target of CTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Gu
- Department of Dermatology, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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