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Nathans JF, Ayers JL, Shendure J, Simpson CL. Genetic Tools for Cell Lineage Tracing and Profiling Developmental Trajectories in the Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:936-949. [PMID: 38643988 PMCID: PMC11034889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The epidermis is the body's first line of protection against dehydration and pathogens, continually regenerating the outermost protective skin layers throughout life. During both embryonic development and wound healing, epidermal stem and progenitor cells must respond to external stimuli and insults to build, maintain, and repair the cutaneous barrier. Recent advances in CRISPR-based methods for cell lineage tracing have remarkably expanded the potential for experiments that track stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation over the course of tissue and even organismal development. Additional tools for DNA-based recording of cellular signaling cues promise to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms driving normal skin morphogenesis and response to stressors as well as the dysregulation of cell proliferation and differentiation in skin diseases and cancer. In this review, we highlight cutting-edge methods for cell lineage tracing, including in organoids and model organisms, and explore how cutaneous biology researchers might leverage these techniques to elucidate the developmental programs that support the regenerative capacity and plasticity of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny F Nathans
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jessica L Ayers
- Molecular Medicine and Mechanisms of Disease PhD Program, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jay Shendure
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cory L Simpson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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2
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Chen KJ, Han Y, Wang ZY, Cui Y. Submicron resolution techniques: Multiphoton microscopy in skin disease. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1613-1623. [PMID: 37522747 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive optical examination plays a crucial role in various aspects of dermatology, such as diagnosis, management and research. Multiphoton microscopy uses a unique submicron technology to stimulate autofluorescence (AF), allowing for the observation of cellular structure, assessment of redox status and quantification of collagen fibres. This advanced imaging technique offers dermatologists novel insights into the skin's structure, positioning it as a promising 'stethoscope' for future development in the field. This review provides an overview of multiphoton microscopy's principles, technology and application in studying normal skin, tumour and inflammatory diseases, as well as collagen-related and pigmentary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Han
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Yi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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3
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Li D, Sun Y, Ren X, Zhou N, Li L, He G, Ma S, Wang Y. Dynamic evaluation of pathological changes in a mouse acne model by optical imaging technology. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1350-1360. [PMID: 37183301 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a disorder of the pilosebaceous unit that is primarily caused by hyperseborrhoea, colonization with Propionibacterium acnes, hyperkeratosis and an inflammatory response. Existing pharmacodynamic assessment methods primarily focus on a single causative factor at a certain time point, making it difficult to assess multiple factors simultaneously in real time. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a dynamic and nondestructive method for the assessment of acne in vivo. This study utilized four-dimensional optical imaging techniques to assess the pathogenic factors and pathological progression of acne. LSCI was employed to measure blood flow; TPEF was used to observe inflammatory changes (NAD(P)H) in epidermal granular layer cells and structural changes in collagen fibres in the dermal layer. Additionally, the dermatoscope was used to investigate the micro-characterization of the lesions. We observed that the epidermis in the lesion area was thickened, hair follicles were keratinized, and there was obvious inflammation and blood flow aggregation by optical imaging technology. Based on these findings, the pathological progression of this acne model could be divided into the inflammation phase, accompanied by bacterial colonization, and the reparative phase. These results provide a new perspective for the assessment of acne and offer an experimental basis for the selection of precise drugs for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Li
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Ren
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Li
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gaiying He
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhua Ma
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Chen K, Wang Z, Han Y, Cui Y. In vivo detection of healthy skin: Comparison of multiphoton microscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13340. [PMID: 37231920 PMCID: PMC10156995 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noninvasive skin examination evolved rapidly in recent years, with multiphoton microscopy (MPM) and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) being used to image in-vivo skin at high resolution. The aim of this study is to compare the imaging clarity between the two techniques and measure the thickness of the epidermis in different body sites. We also measured the degree of skin aging with noninvasive tools. METHODS Fifty-six volunteers were evaluated and measured at three different body sites, including the cheek, volar forearm, and back. We used RCM and MPM to evaluate the clarity of each skin layer, including stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, dermo-epidermal junction, and dermis. We measured epidermal thickness (ET) at the three body sites in individuals of different ages and genders. We assessed skin aging by the second harmonic to autofluorescence aging index of dermis (SAAID), and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors affecting SAAID. RESULTS MPM had advantages in observation of stratum granulosum, collagen fiber, and elastic fiber (p < 0.001), but RCM provided better observation in dermo-epidermal junction layer (p < 0.001). The epidermis was thicker in the cheek area than the volar forearm and back in both RCM and MPM detection, and the average ET measured by MPM was lower than RCM. ET varied among the three body sites with significant differences (p < 0.05). ET was significantly lower at almost all sites in individuals above 40y (p < 0.05). SAAID decreased with age, and more rapidly in women. Cheeks have lower SAAID scores than other body sites. CONCLUSION MPM and RCM provide noninvasive methods for imaging skin and each method has its own advantages. Epidermal thickness and SAAID correlated with age, gender, and different body sites. MPM could also assess the degree of skin aging, which could guide the clinical treatment of patients with diffferent ages and genders in the above body sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke‐Jun Chen
- Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of DermatologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Zi‐Yi Wang
- Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of DermatologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yang Han
- Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of DermatologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of DermatologyChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
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Zaver SA, Johnson CJ, Berndt A, Simpson CL. Live Imaging with Genetically Encoded Physiologic Sensors and Optogenetic Tools. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:353-361.e4. [PMID: 36822769 PMCID: PMC9972253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Barrier tissues such as the epidermis employ complex signal transduction systems to execute morphogenetic programs and to rapidly respond to environmental cues to promote homeostasis. Recent advances in live-imaging techniques and tools allow precise spatial and temporal monitoring and manipulation of intracellular signaling cascades. Leveraging the chemistry of naturally occurring light-sensitive proteins, genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors have emerged as robust tools for visualizing dynamic signaling events. In contrast, optogenetic protein constructs permit laser-mediated control of signal receptors and effectors within live cells, organoids, and even model organisms. In this paper, we review the basic principles underlying novel biosensors and optogenetic tools and highlight how recent studies in cutaneous biology have leveraged these imaging strategies to illuminate the spatiotemporal signals regulating epidermal development, barrier formation, and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam A Zaver
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christopher J Johnson
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andre Berndt
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cory L Simpson
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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Li L, Huang X, Zhang S, Zhan Z, Kang D, Guan G, Xu S, Zhou Y, Chen J. Rapid and label-free detection of gastrointestinal stromal tumor via a combination of two-photon microscopy and imaging analysis. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:38. [PMID: 36627575 PMCID: PMC9830707 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10520-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is currently regarded as a potentially malignant tumor, and early diagnosis is the best way to improve its prognosis. Therefore, it will be meaningful to develop a new method for auxiliary diagnosis of this disease. METHODS Here we try out a new means to detect GIST by combining two-photon imaging with automatic image processing strategy. RESULTS Experimental results show that two-photon microscopy has the ability to label-freely identify the structural characteristics of GIST such as tumor cells, desmoplastic reaction, which are entirely different from those from gastric adenocarcinoma. Moreover, an image processing approach is used to extract eight collagen morphological features from tumor microenvironment and normal muscularis, and statistical analysis demonstrates that there are significant differences in three features-fiber area, density and cross-link density. The three morphological characteristics may be considered as optical imaging biomarkers to differentiate between normal and abnormal tissues. CONCLUSION With continued improvement and refinement of this technology, we believe that two-photon microscopy will be an efficient surveillance tool for GIST and lead to better management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhuang Li
- grid.411503.20000 0000 9271 2478Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, 350007 Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xingxin Huang
- grid.411503.20000 0000 9271 2478Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, 350007 Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shichao Zhang
- grid.411503.20000 0000 9271 2478Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, 350007 Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlin Zhan
- grid.411503.20000 0000 9271 2478Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, 350007 Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Deyong Kang
- grid.411176.40000 0004 1758 0478Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 350001 Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guoxian Guan
- grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350001 Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shuoyu Xu
- grid.416466.70000 0004 1757 959XDepartment of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongjian Zhou
- grid.411176.40000 0004 1758 0478Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 350001 Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- grid.411503.20000 0000 9271 2478Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, 350007 Fuzhou, P. R. China
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7
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Lentsch G, Baugh EG, Lee B, Aszterbaum M, Zachary CB, Kelly KM, Balu M. Research Techniques Made Simple: Emerging Imaging Technologies for Noninvasive Optical Biopsy of Human Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:1243-1252.e1. [PMID: 35461534 PMCID: PMC9802025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, high-resolution optical imaging technologies such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), and multiphoton microscopy (MPM) have advanced significantly as new methodologies for clinical research and for real-time detection, diagnosis, and therapy monitoring of skin diseases. Implementation of these technologies into clinical research and practice requires clinicians to have an understanding of their capabilities, benefits, and limitations. This concise review provides insights on the application of OCT, RCM, and MPM for clinical skin imaging through images acquired in vivo from the same lesions. The presented data are limited to pigmented lesions and basal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griffin Lentsch
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Erica G. Baugh
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Bonnie Lee
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Michelle Aszterbaum
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | | | - Kristen M. Kelly
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, California, USA,Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Mihaela Balu
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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8
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Murakami M, Kawakami R, Niko Y, Tsuda T, Mori H, Yatsuzuka K, Imamura T, Sayama K. High-quality Fluorescence Imaging of the Human Acrosyringium Using a Transparency: Enhancing Technique and an Improved, Fluorescent Solvatochromic Pyrene Probe. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2020; 53:131-138. [PMID: 33437099 PMCID: PMC7785460 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.20-00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-photon, excitation fluorescent microscopy featuring autofluorescence or immunofluorescence, combined with optical clearance using a transparency-enhancing technique, allows deep imaging of three-dimensional (3D) skin structures. However, it remains difficult to obtain high-quality images of individual cells or 3D structures. We combined a new dye with a transparency-enhancing technology and performed high-quality structural analysis of human epidermal structures, especially the acrosyringium. Human fingertip skin samples were collected, formalin-fixed, embedded in both frozen and paraffin blocks, sliced, stained with propidium iodide, optically cleared using a transparency-enhancing technique, and stained with a new fluorescent, solvatochromic pyrene probe. Microscopy revealed fine skin features and detailed epidermal structures including the stratum corneum (horny layer), keratinocytes, eccrine sweat glands, and peripheral nerves. Three-dimensional reconstruction of an entire acrosyringium was possible in one sample. This new fluorescence microscopy technique yields high-quality epidermal images and will aid in histopathological analyses of skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamoto Murakami
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ryosuke Kawakami
- Department of Molecular Medicine for Pathogenesis, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yosuke Niko
- Research and Education Faculty, Multidisciplinary Science Cluster, Interdisciplinary Science Unit, Kochi University
| | - Teruko Tsuda
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hideki Mori
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kazuki Yatsuzuka
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takeshi Imamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine for Pathogenesis, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Koji Sayama
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
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9
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Rice G, Rompolas P. Advances in resolving the heterogeneity and dynamics of keratinocyte differentiation. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2020; 67:92-98. [PMID: 33091828 PMCID: PMC7736530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian skin is equipped with a highly dynamic stratified epithelium. The maintenance and regeneration of this epithelium is supported by basally located keratinocytes, which display stem cell properties, including lifelong proliferative potential and the ability to undergo diverse differentiation trajectories. Keratinocytes support not just the surface of the skin, called the epidermis, but also a range of ectodermal structures including hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Recent studies have shed light on the hitherto underappreciated heterogeneity of keratinocytes by employing state-of-the-art imaging technologies and single-cell genomic approaches. In this mini review, we highlight major recent discoveries that illuminate the dynamics and cellular mechanisms that govern keratinocyte differentiation in the live mammalian skin and discuss the broader implications of these findings for our understanding of epithelial and stem cell biology in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Rice
- Department of Dermatology, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Panteleimon Rompolas
- Department of Dermatology, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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10
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Kröger M, Scheffel J, Nikolaev VV, Shirshin EA, Siebenhaar F, Schleusener J, Lademann J, Maurer M, Darvin ME. In vivo non-invasive staining-free visualization of dermal mast cells in healthy, allergy and mastocytosis humans using two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14930. [PMID: 32913196 PMCID: PMC7484787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are multifunctional cells of the immune system and are found in skin and all major tissues of the body. They contribute to the pathology of several diseases including urticaria, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and mastocytosis where they are increased at lesional sites. Histomorphometric analysis of skin biopsies serves as a routine method for the assessment of MC numbers and their activation status, which comes with major limitations. As of now, non-invasive techniques to study MCs in vivo are not available. Here, we describe a label-free imaging technique to visualize MCs and their activation status in the human papillary dermis in vivo. This technique uses two-photon excited fluorescence lifetime imaging (TPE-FLIM) signatures, which are different for MCs and other dermal components. TPE-FLIM allows for the visualization and quantification of dermal MCs in healthy subjects and patients with skin diseases. Moreover, TPE-FLIM can differentiate between two MC populations in the papillary dermis in vivo-resting and activated MCs with a sensitivity of 0.81 and 0.87 and a specificity of 0.85 and 0.84, respectively. Results obtained on healthy volunteers and allergy and mastocytosis patients indicate the existence of other MC subpopulations within known resting and activated MC populations. The developed method may become an important tool for non-invasive in vivo diagnostics and therapy control in dermatology and immunology, which will help to better understand pathomechanisms involving MC accumulation, activation and degranulation and to characterize the effects of therapies that target MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Kröger
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Scheffel
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Viktor V Nikolaev
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Tomsk State University, Lenin Ave. 36, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Shirshin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1/2, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Frank Siebenhaar
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Schleusener
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lademann
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maxim E Darvin
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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11
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Attia ABE, Bi R, Dev K, Du Y, Olivo M. Clinical noninvasive imaging and spectroscopic tools for dermatological applications: Review of recent progress. TRANSLATIONAL BIOPHOTONICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/tbio.202000010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amalina Binte Ebrahim Attia
- Lab of Bio‐Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
| | - Renzhe Bi
- Lab of Bio‐Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
| | - Kapil Dev
- Lab of Bio‐Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Malini Olivo
- Lab of Bio‐Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
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12
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Gorzelanny C, Mess C, Schneider SW, Huck V, Brandner JM. Skin Barriers in Dermal Drug Delivery: Which Barriers Have to Be Overcome and How Can We Measure Them? Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E684. [PMID: 32698388 PMCID: PMC7407329 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although, drugs are required in the various skin compartments such as viable epidermis, dermis, or hair follicles, to efficiently treat skin diseases, drug delivery into and across the skin is still challenging. An improved understanding of skin barrier physiology is mandatory to optimize drug penetration and permeation. The various barriers of the skin have to be known in detail, which means methods are needed to measure their functionality and outside-in or inside-out passage of molecules through the various barriers. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge about mechanical barriers, i.e., stratum corneum and tight junctions, in interfollicular epidermis, hair follicles and glands. Furthermore, we discuss the barrier properties of the basement membrane and dermal blood vessels. Barrier alterations found in skin of patients with atopic dermatitis are described. Finally, we critically compare the up-to-date applicability of several physical, biochemical and microscopic methods such as transepidermal water loss, impedance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, immunohistochemical stainings, optical coherence microscopy and multiphoton microscopy to distinctly address the different barriers and to measure permeation through these barriers in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Johanna M. Brandner
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (C.G.); (C.M.); (S.W.S.); (V.H.)
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13
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Konieczny P, Naik S. Warp Speed Ahead! Technology-Driven Breakthroughs in Skin Immunity and Inflammatory Disease. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 141:15-18. [PMID: 32533963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.05.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The skin's physical barrier is reinforced by an arsenal of immune cells that actively patrol the tissue and respond swiftly to penetrating microbes, noxious agents, and injurious stimuli. When unchecked, these same immune cells drive diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and alopecia. Rapidly advancing microscopy, animal modeling, and genomic and computational technologies have illuminated the complexity of the cutaneous immune cells and their functions in maintaining skin health and driving diseases. Here, we discuss the recent technology-driven breakthroughs that have transformed our understanding of skin immunity and highlight burgeoning areas that hold great promise for future discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Konieczny
- Department of Pathology, Department of Medicine, and Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shruti Naik
- Department of Pathology, Department of Medicine, and Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
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König TT, Goedeke J, Muensterer OJ. Multiphoton microscopy in surgical oncology- a systematic review and guide for clinical translatability. Surg Oncol 2019; 31:119-131. [PMID: 31654957 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2019.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) facilitates three-dimensional, high-resolution functional imaging of unlabeled tissues in vivo and ex vivo. This systematic review discusses the diagnostic value, advantages and challenges in the practical use of MPM in surgical oncology. METHOD AND FINDINGS A Medline search was conducted in April 2019. Fifty-three original research papers investigating MPM compared to standard histology in human patients with solid tumors were identified. A qualitative synopsis and meta-analysis of 14 blinded studies was performed. Risk of bias and applicability were evaluated. MPM can image fresh, frozen or fixed tissues up to a depth 1000 μm in the z-plane. Best results including functional imaging and virtual histochemistry are obtained by in vivo imaging or scanning fresh tissue immediately after excision. Two-photon excited fluorescence by natural fluorophores of the cytoplasm and second harmonic generation signals by fluorophores of the extracellular matrix can be scanned simultaneously, providing high resolution optical histochemistry comparable to standard histology. Functional parameters like fluorescence lifetime imaging or optical redox ratio provide additional objective information. A major concern is inability to visualize the nucleus. However, in a subpopulation analysis of 440 specimens, MPM yielded a sensitivity of 94%, specificity of 96% and accuracy of 95% for the detection of malignant tissue. CONCLUSION MPM is a promising emerging technique in surgical oncology. Ex vivo imaging has high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for the detection of tumor cells. For broad clinical application in vivo, technical challenges need to be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Goedeke
- Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mainz, Germany
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Lee JH, Rico-Jimenez JJ, Zhang C, Alex A, Chaney EJ, Barkalifa R, Spillman DR, Marjanovic M, Arp Z, Hood SR, Boppart SA. Simultaneous label-free autofluorescence and multi-harmonic imaging reveals in vivo structural and metabolic changes in murine skin. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:5431-5444. [PMID: 31646056 PMCID: PMC6788598 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.005431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous quantification of multifarious cellular metabolites and the extracellular matrix in vivo has been long sought. Simultaneous label-free autofluorescence and multi-harmonic (SLAM) microscopy has achieved simultaneous four-channel nonlinear imaging to study tissue structure and metabolism. In this study, we implemented two laser systems and directly compared SLAM microscopy with conventional two-photon microscopy for in vivo imaging. We found that three-photon imaging of adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H) in SLAM microscopy using our tailored laser source provided better resolution, contrast, and background suppression than conventional two-photon imaging of NAD(P)H. We also integrated fluorescence lifetime imaging with SLAM microscopy, and enabled differentiation of free and bound NAD(P)H. We imaged murine skin in vivo and showed that changes in tissue structure, cell dynamics, and metabolism can be monitored simultaneously in real-time. We also discovered an increase in metabolism and protein-bound NAD(P)H in skin cells during the early stages of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Hyuk Lee
- Center for Optical Molecular Imaging, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Co-first authors with equal contribution
| | - Jose J. Rico-Jimenez
- Center for Optical Molecular Imaging, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Co-first authors with equal contribution
| | - Chi Zhang
- Center for Optical Molecular Imaging, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Aneesh Alex
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Eric J. Chaney
- Center for Optical Molecular Imaging, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ronit Barkalifa
- Center for Optical Molecular Imaging, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Darold R. Spillman
- Center for Optical Molecular Imaging, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Marina Marjanovic
- Center for Optical Molecular Imaging, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Zane Arp
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | | | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Center for Optical Molecular Imaging, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61820, USA
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Shirshin EA, Yakimov BP, Darvin ME, Omelyanenko NP, Rodionov SA, Gurfinkel YI, Lademann J, Fadeev VV, Priezzhev AV. Label-Free Multiphoton Microscopy: The Origin of Fluorophores and Capabilities for Analyzing Biochemical Processes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:S69-S88. [PMID: 31213196 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919140050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) is a method of molecular imaging and specifically of intravital imaging that is characterized by high spatial resolution in combination with a greater depth of penetration into the tissue. MPM is a multimodal method based on detection of nonlinear optical signals - multiphoton fluorescence and optical harmonics - and also allows imaging with the use of the parameters of fluorescence decay kinetics. This review describes and discusses photophysical processes within major reporter molecules used in MPM with endogenous contrasts and summarizes several modern experiments that illustrate the capabilities of label-free MPM for molecular imaging of biochemical processes in connective tissue and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shirshin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, 108840, Moscow, Russia
| | - B P Yakimov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - M E Darvin
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - N P Omelyanenko
- N. N. Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Moscow, 127299, Russia
| | - S A Rodionov
- N. N. Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Moscow, 127299, Russia
| | - Y I Gurfinkel
- Medical Scientific-Educational Center of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia
| | - J Lademann
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - V V Fadeev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A V Priezzhev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Casper M. 3-Dimensional Imaging of Cutaneous Nerve Endings. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:999-1001. [PMID: 31010532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous nerve endings are assumed to change due to dermatological pathologies, such as psoriasis. Tan et al. (2019) present a method to assess changes in nerve architecture more precisely by using 3-dimensional histology. This commentary discusses the advantages of 3-dimensional histology, as well as some limitations of the presented method. Future work should focus on intravital applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Casper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
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Transdermal delivery of water‐soluble fluorescent antibody mediated by fractional Er:YAG laser for the diagnosis of lupus erythematosus in mice. Lasers Surg Med 2018; 51:268-277. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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