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Bernadi-Forteza A, Mallon M, Velasco-Gallego C, Cubo-Mateo N. A Systematic Review on the Generation of Organic Structures through Additive Manufacturing Techniques. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2027. [PMID: 39065345 PMCID: PMC11280941 DOI: 10.3390/polym16142027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a transformative technology in the fabrication of intricate structures, offering unparalleled adaptability in crafting complex geometries. Particularly noteworthy is its burgeoning significance within the realm of medical prosthetics, owing to its capacity to seamlessly replicate anatomical forms utilizing biocompatible materials. Notably, the fabrication of porous architectures stands as a cornerstone in orthopaedic prosthetic development and bone tissue engineering. Porous constructs crafted via AM exhibit meticulously adjustable pore dimensions, shapes, and porosity levels, thus rendering AM indispensable in their production. This systematic review ventures to furnish a comprehensive examination of extant research endeavours centred on the generation of porous scaffolds through additive manufacturing modalities. Its primary aim is to delineate variances among distinct techniques, materials, and structural typologies employed, with the overarching objective of scrutinizing the cutting-edge methodologies in engineering self-supported stochastic printable porous frameworks via AM, specifically for bone scaffold fabrication. Findings show that most of the structures analysed correspond to lattice structures. However, there is a strong tendency to use organic structures generated by mathematical models and printed using powder bed fusion techniques. However, no work has been found that proposes a self-supporting design for organic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Bernadi-Forteza
- Research Group ARIES, Higher Polytechnic School, Nebrija University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-G.); (N.C.-M.)
| | - Michael Mallon
- European Space Research and Technology Centre, European Space Agency, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands;
| | - Christian Velasco-Gallego
- Research Group ARIES, Higher Polytechnic School, Nebrija University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-G.); (N.C.-M.)
| | - Nieves Cubo-Mateo
- Research Group ARIES, Higher Polytechnic School, Nebrija University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-G.); (N.C.-M.)
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2
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Taboun A, Jovanovic M, Petrovic M, Stajcic I, Pesic I, Stojanovic DB, Radojevic V. Citric Acid Cross-Linked Gelatin-Based Composites with Improved Microhardness. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1077. [PMID: 38674996 PMCID: PMC11054669 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of cross-linking and reinforcements in gelatin on the physico-mechanical properties of obtained composites. The gelatin-based composites cross-linked with citric acid (CA) were prepared: gelatin type B (GB) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and novel hybrid composite GB with β-TCP and hydroxyapatite (HAp) particles, and their structure, thermal, and mechanical properties were compared with pure gelatin B samples. FTIR analysis revealed that no chemical interaction between the reinforcements and gelatin matrix was established during the processing of hybrid composites by the solution casting method, proving the particles had no influence on GB cross-linking. The morphological investigation of hybrid composites revealed that cross-linking with CA improved the dispersion of particles, which further led to an increase in mechanical performance. The microindentation test showed that the hardness value was increased by up to 449%, which shows the high potential of β-TCP and HAp particle reinforcement combined with CA as a cross-linking agent. Furthermore, the reduced modulus of elasticity was increased by up to 288%. Results of the MTT assay on L929 cells have revealed that the hybrid composite GB-TCP-HA-CA was not cytotoxic. These results showed that GB cross-linked with CA and reinforced with different calcium phosphates presents a valuable novel material with potential applications in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrraouf Taboun
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.T.); (M.J.); (M.P.); (D.B.S.); (V.R.)
| | - Marija Jovanovic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.T.); (M.J.); (M.P.); (D.B.S.); (V.R.)
| | - Milos Petrovic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.T.); (M.J.); (M.P.); (D.B.S.); (V.R.)
| | - Ivana Stajcic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12–14, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Pesic
- Center for Microelectronic Technologies, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Dusica B. Stojanovic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.T.); (M.J.); (M.P.); (D.B.S.); (V.R.)
| | - Vesna Radojevic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.T.); (M.J.); (M.P.); (D.B.S.); (V.R.)
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Dong J, Ding H, Wang Q, Wang L. A 3D-Printed Scaffold for Repairing Bone Defects. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:706. [PMID: 38475389 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of bone defects has always posed challenges in the field of orthopedics. Scaffolds, as a vital component of bone tissue engineering, offer significant advantages in the research and treatment of clinical bone defects. This study aims to provide an overview of how 3D printing technology is applied in the production of bone repair scaffolds. Depending on the materials used, the 3D-printed scaffolds can be classified into two types: single-component scaffolds and composite scaffolds. We have conducted a comprehensive analysis of material composition, the characteristics of 3D printing, performance, advantages, disadvantages, and applications for each scaffold type. Furthermore, based on the current research status and progress, we offer suggestions for future research in this area. In conclusion, this review acts as a valuable reference for advancing the research in the field of bone repair scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Dong
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Digital Medicine and Clinical Translation, School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Hangxing Ding
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Digital Medicine and Clinical Translation, School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Digital Medicine and Clinical Translation, School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Digital Medicine and Clinical Translation, School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
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4
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Verykokou S, Ioannidis C, Soile S, Angelopoulos C, Theodoridis K, Arampatzis AS, Assimopoulou AN, Christofilos D, Kapourani A, Pantazos I, Barmpalexis P, Boutsi AM, Potsiou C. The Role of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Periodontology: From 3D Models of Periodontal Defects to 3D-Printed Scaffolds. J Pers Med 2024; 14:207. [PMID: 38392640 PMCID: PMC10890394 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of osseous defects around teeth is a fundamental concern within the field of periodontology. Over the years, the method of grafting has been employed to treat bone defects, underscoring the necessity for custom-designed scaffolds that precisely match the anatomical intricacies of the bone cavity to be filled, preventing the formation of gaps that could allow the regeneration of soft tissues. In order to create such a patient-specific scaffold (bone graft), it is imperative to have a highly detailed 3D representation of the bone defect, so that the resulting scaffold aligns with the ideal anatomical characteristics of the bone defect. In this context, this article implements a workflow for designing 3D models out of patient-specific tissue defects, fabricated as scaffolds with 3D-printing technology and bioabsorbable materials, for the personalized treatment of periodontitis. The workflow is based on 3D modeling of the hard tissues around the periodontal defect (alveolar bone and teeth), scanned from patients with periodontitis. Specifically, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data were acquired from patients and were used for the reconstruction of the 3D model of the periodontal defect. The final step encompasses the 3D printing of these scaffolds, employing Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology and 3D-bioprinting, with the aim of verifying the design accuracy of the developed methodοlogy. Unlike most existing 3D-printed scaffolds reported in the literature, which are either pre-designed or have a standard structure, this method leads to the creation of highly detailed patient-specific grafts. Greater accuracy and resolution in the macroarchitecture of the scaffolds were achieved during FDM printing compared to bioprinting, with the standard FDM printing profile identified as more suitable in terms of both time and precision. It is easy to follow and has been successfully employed to create 3D models of periodontal defects and 3D-printed scaffolds for three cases of patients, proving its applicability and efficiency in designing and fabricating personalized 3D-printed bone grafts using CBCT data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Styliani Verykokou
- Laboratory of Photogrammetry, School of Rural, Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Charalabos Ioannidis
- Laboratory of Photogrammetry, School of Rural, Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Soile
- Laboratory of Photogrammetry, School of Rural, Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Angelopoulos
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Theodoridis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios S Arampatzis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreana N Assimopoulou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Christofilos
- School of Chemical Engineering & Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Afroditi Kapourani
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Pantazos
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Barmpalexis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Argyro-Maria Boutsi
- Laboratory of Photogrammetry, School of Rural, Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Chryssy Potsiou
- Laboratory of Photogrammetry, School of Rural, Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
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Jang HJ, Yoon JK. The Role of Vasculature and Angiogenic Strategies in Bone Regeneration. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:75. [PMID: 38392121 PMCID: PMC10887147 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a complex process that involves various growth factors, cell types, and extracellular matrix components. A crucial aspect of this process is the formation of a vascular network, which provides essential nutrients and oxygen and promotes osteogenesis by interacting with bone tissue. This review provides a comprehensive discussion of the critical role of vasculature in bone regeneration and the applications of angiogenic strategies, from conventional to cutting-edge methodologies. Recent research has shifted towards innovative bone tissue engineering strategies that integrate vascularized bone complexes, recognizing the significant role of vasculature in bone regeneration. The article begins by examining the role of angiogenesis in bone regeneration. It then introduces various in vitro and in vivo applications that have achieved accelerated bone regeneration through angiogenesis to highlight recent advances in bone tissue engineering. This review also identifies remaining challenges and outlines future directions for research in vascularized bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jeong Jang
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si 17546, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Kee Yoon
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si 17546, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Yu K, Gao Q, Lin Z, Wang F, Zhang P, Liu Y, Lu L. Investigation of the temperature gradient control in the printing space for the material extrusion of medical biodegradable hydrogel. Comput Biol Med 2024; 168:107722. [PMID: 37989074 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Material extrusion has shown promise in the fabrication of biocompatible scaffolds for tissue engineering using medical biodegradable hydrogel materials. However, the uncontrollable shape of prepared 3D architecture decelerates the development of large-size complex hydrogel models for the fabrication of human-scale tissue or organs. A primary cause of the collapse as well as shrinkage of prepared architectures is the uncontrollable ambient temperature distribution during the extruding process for hydrogel materials. Therefore, there is a need to accurately control the temperature gradient in the printing space during the material extrusion. The study proposed a novel temperature-controlled substrate configuration with a multilayered enclosure, by which the temperature gradient in the printing space can be regulated by varying the height as well as the internal diameter of the enclosure. Subsequently, a finite element simulation model, as well as a self-developed temperature measuring device, was established to numerically and experimentally investigate the temperature distribution in the printing space. Furthermore, printing trials were implemented on the novel substrate. The collapse of 3D architectures was successfully avoided, and the height of scaffolds was improved obviously from 2.21 mm to 13.24 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaicheng Yu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
| | - Qiang Gao
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
| | - Zexue Lin
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
| | - YongDan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150036, China.
| | - Lihua Lu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China.
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7
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Nosrati H, Heydari M, Khodaei M. Cerium oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis methods and applications in wound healing. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100823. [PMID: 37928254 PMCID: PMC10622885 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound care and treatment can be critical from a clinical standpoint. While different strategies for the management and treatment of skin wounds have been developed, the limitations inherent in the current approaches necessitate the development of more effective alternative strategies. Advances in tissue engineering have resulted in the development of novel promising approaches for accelerating wound healing. The use of various biomaterials capable of accelerating the regeneration of damaged tissue is critical in tissue engineering. In this regard, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) have recently received much attention because of their excellent biological properties, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and angiogenic features. The incorporation of CeO2 NPs into various polymer-based scaffolds developed for wound healing applications has led to accelerated wound healing due to the presence of CeO2 NPs. This paper discusses the structure and functions of the skin, the wound healing process, different methods for the synthesis of CeO2 NPs, the biological properties of CeO2 NPs, the role of CeO2 NPs in wound healing, the use of scaffolds containing CeO2 NPs for wound healing applications, and the potential toxicity of CeO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Nosrati
- Biosensor Research Center (BRC), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Morteza Heydari
- Department of Immune Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mohammad Khodaei
- Materials Engineering Group, Golpayegan College of Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Golpayegan, Iran
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Yuan J, Zeng Y, Pan Z, Feng Z, Bao Y, Ye Z, Li Y, Tang J, Liu X, He Y. Amino-Functionalized Zirconium-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks as Bifunctional Nanomaterials to Treat Bone Tumors and Promote Osteogenesis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:53217-53227. [PMID: 37943099 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Bone tumor patients often encounter challenges associated with cancer cell residues and bone defects postoperation. To address this, there is an urgent need to develop a material that can enable tumor treatment and promote bone repair. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted the interest of many researchers due to their special porous structure, which has great potential in regenerative medicine and drug delivery. However, few studies explore MOFs with dual antitumor and bone regeneration properties. In this study, we investigated amino-functionalized zirconium-based MOF nanoparticles (UiO-66-NH2 NPs) as bifunctional nanomaterials for bone tumor treatment and osteogenesis promotion. UiO-66-NH2 NPs loading with doxorubicin (DOX) (DOX@UiO-66-NH2 NPs) showed good antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, DOX@UiO-66-NH2 NPs significantly reduced lung injury compared to free DOX in vivo. Interestingly, the internalized UiO-66-NH2 NPs notably promoted the osteogenic differentiation of preosteoblasts. RNA-sequencing data revealed that PI3K-Akt signaling pathways or MAPK signaling pathways might be involved in this enhanced osteogenesis. Overall, UiO-66-NH2 NPs exhibit dual functionality in tumor treatment and bone repair, making them highly promising as a bifunctional material with broad application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongpeng Yuan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yaoxun Zeng
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenxing Pan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - ZhenZhen Feng
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Bao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhaoyi Ye
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yushan Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junze Tang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xujie Liu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan He
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Stafin K, Śliwa P, Piątkowski M. Towards Polycaprolactone-Based Scaffolds for Alveolar Bone Tissue Engineering: A Biomimetic Approach in a 3D Printing Technique. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16180. [PMID: 38003368 PMCID: PMC10671727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The alveolar bone is a unique type of bone, and the goal of bone tissue engineering (BTE) is to develop methods to facilitate its regeneration. Currently, an emerging trend involves the fabrication of polycaprolactone (PCL)-based scaffolds using a three-dimensional (3D) printing technique to enhance an osteoconductive architecture. These scaffolds are further modified with hydroxyapatite (HA), type I collagen (CGI), or chitosan (CS) to impart high osteoinductive potential. In conjunction with cell therapy, these scaffolds may serve as an appealing alternative to bone autografts. This review discusses research gaps in the designing of 3D-printed PCL-based scaffolds from a biomimetic perspective. The article begins with a systematic analysis of biological mineralisation (biomineralisation) and ossification to optimise the scaffold's structural, mechanical, degradation, and surface properties. This scaffold-designing strategy lays the groundwork for developing a research pathway that spans fundamental principles such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and fabrication techniques. Ultimately, this paves the way for systematic in vitro and in vivo studies, leading to potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Stafin
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (P.Ś.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Śliwa
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (P.Ś.)
| | - Marek Piątkowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland
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Gupta D, Singh AK, Bellare J. Natural bone inspired core-shell triple-layered gel/PCL/gel 3D printed scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2023; 18:065027. [PMID: 37879307 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad06c2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite technological advancements in bone tissue engineering, it is still a challenge to fabricate a scaffold with high bioactivity as well as high mechanical strength that can promote osteogenesis as well as bear load. Here we developed a 3D printed gel-polymer multi-layered hybrid scaffold. The innermost layer is porous gel-based framework made of gelatin/carboxymethyl-chitin/nano-hydroxyapatite and is cryogenically 3D printed. Further, the second and middle layer of micro-engineered polycaprolactone (PCL) is infused in the gel with controlled penetration and tuneable coating thickness. The PCL surface is further coated with a third and final thin layer of gel matrix used for the first layer. This triple-layered structure demonstrates compression strength and modulus of 13.07 ± 1.15 MPa and 21.8 ± 0.82 MPa, respectively, post 8 weeks degradation which is >3000% and >700% than gel scaffold. It also shows degradation of 6.84 ± 0.70% (83% reduction than gel scaffold) after 12 weeks and swelling of 69.09 ± 6.83% (81% reduction) as compared to gel scaffolds. Further, nearly 300%, 250%, 50%, and 440% increase in cellular attachment, proliferation, protein generation, and mineralization, respectively are achieved as compared to only PCL scaffolds. Thus, these hybrid scaffolds offer high mechanical strength, slow degradation rate, high bioactivity, and high osteoconductivity. These multifunctional scaffolds have potential for reconstructing non-load-bearing bone defects like sinus lift, jaw cysts, and moderate load-bearing like reconstructing hard palate, orbital palate, and other craniomaxillofacial bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Gupta
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
| | - Atul Kumar Singh
- Central Research Facility (CRF), Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Jayesh Bellare
- Chemical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology & Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
- Tata Centre for Technology and Design, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
- Wadhwani Research Centre for Bioengineering (WRCB), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Gupta T, Ghosh SB, Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh S, Sain M. Is it possible to 3D bioprint load-bearing bone implants? A critical review. Biofabrication 2023; 15:042003. [PMID: 37669643 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/acf6e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Rehabilitative capabilities of any tissue engineered scaffold rely primarily on the triad of (i) biomechanical properties such as mechanical properties and architecture, (ii) chemical behavior such as regulation of cytokine expression, and (iii) cellular response modulation (including their recruitment and differentiation). The closer the implant can mimic the native tissue, the better it can rehabilitate the damage therein. Among the available fabrication techniques, only 3D bioprinting (3DBP) can satisfactorily replicate the inherent heterogeneity of the host tissue. However, 3DBP scaffolds typically suffer from poor mechanical properties, thereby, driving the increased research interest in development of load-bearing 3DBP orthopedic scaffolds in recent years. Typically, these scaffolds involve multi-material 3D printing, comprising of at-least one bioink and a load-bearing ink; such that mechanical and biological requirements of the biomaterials are decoupled. Ensuring high cellular survivability and good mechanical properties are of key concerns in all these studies. 3DBP of such scaffolds is in early developmental stages, and research data from only a handful of preliminary animal studies are available, owing to limitations in print-capabilities and restrictive materials library. This article presents a topically focused review of the state-of-the-art, while highlighting aspects like available 3DBP techniques; biomaterials' printability; mechanical and degradation behavior; and their overall bone-tissue rehabilitative efficacy. This collection amalgamates and critically analyses the research aimed at 3DBP of load-bearing scaffolds for fulfilling demands of personalized-medicine. We highlight the recent-advances in 3DBP techniques employing thermoplastics and phosphate-cements for load-bearing applications. Finally, we provide an outlook for possible future perspectives of 3DBP for load-bearing orthopedic applications. Overall, the article creates ample foundation for future research, as it gathers the latest and ongoing research that scientists could utilize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Gupta
- Engineered Biomedical Materials Research and Innovation Centre (EnBioMatRIC), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Subrata Bandhu Ghosh
- Engineered Biomedical Materials Research and Innovation Centre (EnBioMatRIC), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh
- Engineered Biomedical Materials Research and Innovation Centre (EnBioMatRIC), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mohini Sain
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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12
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Kim S, Hwangbo H, Chae S, Lee H. Biopolymers and Their Application in Bioprinting Processes for Dental Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2118. [PMID: 37631331 PMCID: PMC10457894 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental tissues are composed of multiple tissues with complex organization, such as dentin, gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. These tissues have different mechanical and biological properties that are essential for their functions. Therefore, dental diseases and injuries pose significant challenges for restorative dentistry, as they require innovative strategies to regenerate damaged or missing dental tissues. Biomimetic bioconstructs that can effectively integrate with native tissues and restore their functionalities are desirable for dental tissue regeneration. However, fabricating such bioconstructs is challenging due to the diversity and complexity of dental tissues. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in polymer-based tissue engineering and three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies for dental tissue regeneration. It also discusses the current state-of-the-art, focusing on key techniques, such as polymeric biomaterials and 3D printing with or without cells, used in tissue engineering for dental tissues. Moreover, the final section of this paper identifies the challenges and future directions of this promising research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhon Kim
- Barun Plant Orthodontics and Dental Clinic, Seongnam 13312, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hanjun Hwangbo
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.H.); (S.C.)
| | - SooJung Chae
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Hyeongjin Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.H.); (S.C.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
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13
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Verykokou S, Ioannidis C, Angelopoulos C. CBCT-Based Design of Patient-Specific 3D Bone Grafts for Periodontal Regeneration. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5023. [PMID: 37568425 PMCID: PMC10419991 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12155023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to define and implement a methodology for the 3D design of customized patient-specific scaffolds (bone grafts) for the regeneration of periodontal tissues. The prerequisite of the proposed workflow is the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the periodontal defect, i.e., the 3D model of the hard tissues (alveolar bone and teeth) around the periodontal damage, which is proposed to be generated via a segmentation and 3D editing methodology using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data. Two types of methodologies for 3D periodontal scaffold (graft) design are described: (i) The methodology of designing periodontal defect customized block grafts and (ii) the methodology of designing extraction socket preservation customized grafts. The application of the proposed methodology for the generation of a 3D model of the hard tissues around periodontal defects of a patient using a CBCT scan and the 3D design of the two aforementioned types of scaffolds for personalized periodontal regenerative treatment shows promising results. The outputs of this work will be used as the basis for the 3D printing of bioabsorbable scaffolds of personalized treatment against periodontitis, which will simultaneously be used as sustained-release drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Styliani Verykokou
- Laboratory of Photogrammetry, School of Rural, Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece;
| | - Charalabos Ioannidis
- Laboratory of Photogrammetry, School of Rural, Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece;
| | - Christos Angelopoulos
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
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14
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Dubey A, Vahabi H, Kumaravel V. Antimicrobial and Biodegradable 3D Printed Scaffolds for Orthopedic Infections. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4020-4044. [PMID: 37339247 PMCID: PMC10336748 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
In bone tissue engineering, the performance of scaffolds underpins the success of the healing of bone. Microbial infection is the most challenging issue for orthopedists. The application of scaffolds for healing bone defects is prone to microbial infection. To address this challenge, scaffolds with a desirable shape and significant mechanical, physical, and biological characteristics are crucial. 3D printing of antibacterial scaffolds with suitable mechanical strength and excellent biocompatibility is an appealing strategy to surmount issues of microbial infection. The spectacular progress in developing antimicrobial scaffolds, along with beneficial mechanical and biological properties, has sparked further research for possible clinical applications. Herein, the significance of antibacterial scaffolds designed by 3D, 4D, and 5D printing technologies for bone tissue engineering is critically investigated. Materials such as antibiotics, polymers, peptides, graphene, metals/ceramics/glass, and antibacterial coatings are used to impart the antimicrobial features for the 3D scaffolds. Polymeric or metallic biodegradable and antibacterial 3D-printed scaffolds in orthopedics disclose exceptional mechanical and degradation behavior, biocompatibility, osteogenesis, and long-term antibacterial efficiency. The commercialization aspect of antibacterial 3D-printed scaffolds and technical challenges are also discussed briefly. Finally, the discussion on the unmet demands and prevailing challenges for ideal scaffold materials for fighting against bone infections is included along with a highlight of emerging strategies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Dubey
- International
Centre for Research on Innovative Biobased Materials (ICRI-BioM)—International
Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116, Lodz 90-924, Poland
| | - Henri Vahabi
- Université
de Lorraine, CentraleSupélec, LMOPS, F-57000 Metz, France
| | - Vignesh Kumaravel
- International
Centre for Research on Innovative Biobased Materials (ICRI-BioM)—International
Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116, Lodz 90-924, Poland
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15
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Loukelis K, Helal ZA, Mikos AG, Chatzinikolaidou M. Nanocomposite Bioprinting for Tissue Engineering Applications. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020103. [PMID: 36826273 PMCID: PMC9956920 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting aims to provide new avenues for regenerating damaged human tissues through the controlled printing of live cells and biocompatible materials that can function therapeutically. Polymeric hydrogels are commonly investigated ink materials for 3D and 4D bioprinting applications, as they can contain intrinsic properties relative to those of the native tissue extracellular matrix and can be printed to produce scaffolds of hierarchical organization. The incorporation of nanoscale material additives, such as nanoparticles, to the bulk of inks, has allowed for significant tunability of the mechanical, biological, structural, and physicochemical material properties during and after printing. The modulatory and biological effects of nanoparticles as bioink additives can derive from their shape, size, surface chemistry, concentration, and/or material source, making many configurations of nanoparticle additives of high interest to be thoroughly investigated for the improved design of bioactive tissue engineering constructs. This paper aims to review the incorporation of nanoparticles, as well as other nanoscale additive materials, to printable bioinks for tissue engineering applications, specifically bone, cartilage, dental, and cardiovascular tissues. An overview of the various bioinks and their classifications will be discussed with emphasis on cellular and mechanical material interactions, as well the various bioink formulation methodologies for 3D and 4D bioprinting techniques. The current advances and limitations within the field will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Loukelis
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Zina A. Helal
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Antonios G. Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FO.R.T.H), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Correspondence:
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16
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Huang B, Wang Y, Vyas C, Bartolo P. Crystal Growth of 3D Poly(ε-caprolactone) Based Bone Scaffolds and Its Effects on the Physical Properties and Cellular Interactions. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 10:e2203183. [PMID: 36394087 PMCID: PMC9811450 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Extrusion additive manufacturing is widely used to fabricate polymer-based 3D bone scaffolds. However, the insight views of crystal growths, scaffold features and eventually cell-scaffold interactions are still unknown. In this work, melt and solvent extrusion additive manufacturing techniques are used to produce scaffolds considering highly analogous printing conditions. Results show that the scaffolds produced by these two techniques present distinct physiochemical properties, with melt-printed scaffolds showing stronger mechanical properties and solvent-printed scaffolds showing rougher surface, higher degradation rate, and faster stress relaxation. These differences are attributed to the two different crystal growth kinetics, temperature-induced crystallization (TIC) and strain-induced crystallization (SIC), forming large/integrated spherulite-like and a small/fragmented lamella-like crystal regions respectively. The stiffer substrate of melt-printed scaffolds contributes to higher ratio of nuclear Yes-associated protein (YAP) allocation, favoring cell proliferation and differentiation. Faster relaxation and degradation of solvent-printed scaffolds result in dynamic surface, contributing to an early-stage faster osteogenesis differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Huang
- Singapore Centre for 3D PrintingSchool of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore
| | - Yaxin Wang
- School of MechanicalAerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Cian Vyas
- Singapore Centre for 3D PrintingSchool of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore
- School of MechanicalAerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Paulo Bartolo
- Singapore Centre for 3D PrintingSchool of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore
- School of MechanicalAerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
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17
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Bojedla SSR, Yeleswarapu S, Alwala AM, Nikzad M, Masood SH, Riza S, Pati F. Three-Dimensional Printing of Customized Scaffolds with Polycaprolactone-Silk Fibroin Composites and Integration of Gingival Tissue-Derived Stem Cells for Personalized Bone Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:4465-4479. [PMID: 35994743 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative biomaterials play a crucial role in the success of maxillofacial reconstructive procedures. Yet today, limited options are available when choosing polymeric biomaterials to treat critical size bony defects. Further, there is a requirement for 3D printable regenerative biomaterials to fabricate customized structures confined to the defect site. We present here a 3D printable composite formulation consisting of polycaprolactone (PCL) and silk fibroin microfibers and have established a robust protocol for fabricating customized 3D structures of complex geometry with the composite. The 3D printed composite scaffolds demonstrated higher compressive modulus than 3D printed scaffolds of PCL alone. Furthermore, the compressive modulus of PCL-Antheraea mylitta (AM) silk scaffolds is higher than that of the PCL-Bombyx mori (BM) silk scaffolds at their respective ratios. Compressive modulus of PCL-25AM silk scaffolds (73.4 MPa) is higher than that of PCL-25BM silk scaffolds (65.1 MPa). Compressive modulus of PCL-40AM silk scaffolds (106.1 MPa) is higher than that of PCL-40BM silk scaffolds (77.7 MPa). Moreover, we have isolated, characterized, and integrated human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs), an effective autologous cell source, onto the 3D printed scaffolds to evaluate their bone regeneration potential. The results demonstrated that PCL-silk microfiber composite scaffolds of Antheraea mylitta origin showed much higher bioactivity than the Bombyx mori ones because of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) sequences present in the Antheraea mylitta silk fibroin protein favoring cell attachment and proliferation. By day 14, the metabolic activity of hGMSCs was highest in PCL-40AM (4.5 times higher than that at day 1). In addition, to show the translational potential of this work, we have fabricated a patient defect-specific model (mandible) using the CT scan obtained by the micro-CT imaging to understand the printability of the composite for fabricating complex structures to restore maxillofacial bony defects with precision when applied in a clinical scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Sai Ramya Bojedla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Telangana 502284, India
| | - Sriya Yeleswarapu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Telangana 502284, India
| | - Aditya Mohan Alwala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, MNR Dental College & Hospital, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Telangana 502294, India
| | - Mostafa Nikzad
- Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Syed H Masood
- Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Syed Riza
- Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Falguni Pati
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Telangana 502284, India
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18
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Mirzaali MJ, Moosabeiki V, Rajaai SM, Zhou J, Zadpoor AA. Additive Manufacturing of Biomaterials-Design Principles and Their Implementation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15155457. [PMID: 35955393 PMCID: PMC9369548 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM, also known as 3D printing) is an advanced manufacturing technique that has enabled progress in the design and fabrication of customised or patient-specific (meta-)biomaterials and biomedical devices (e.g., implants, prosthetics, and orthotics) with complex internal microstructures and tuneable properties. In the past few decades, several design guidelines have been proposed for creating porous lattice structures, particularly for biomedical applications. Meanwhile, the capabilities of AM to fabricate a wide range of biomaterials, including metals and their alloys, polymers, and ceramics, have been exploited, offering unprecedented benefits to medical professionals and patients alike. In this review article, we provide an overview of the design principles that have been developed and used for the AM of biomaterials as well as those dealing with three major categories of biomaterials, i.e., metals (and their alloys), polymers, and ceramics. The design strategies can be categorised as: library-based design, topology optimisation, bio-inspired design, and meta-biomaterials. Recent developments related to the biomedical applications and fabrication methods of AM aimed at enhancing the quality of final 3D-printed biomaterials and improving their physical, mechanical, and biological characteristics are also highlighted. Finally, examples of 3D-printed biomaterials with tuned properties and functionalities are presented.
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19
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Costa M, Lima R, Alves N, Silva N, Gasik M, Silva F, Bartolomeu F, Miranda G. Multi-material cellular structured orthopedic implants design: In vitro and bio-tribological performance. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 131:105246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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20
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Zhang P, Gao Q, Yu K, Yao Y, Lu L. Investigation on the Temperature Control Accuracy of a Print Head for Extrusion 3D Printing and Its Improved Design. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061233. [PMID: 35740255 PMCID: PMC9220126 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
For the extrusion 3D printing process, the printing temperature has a significant impact on the filament formation process because the rheological properties of the printed materials are extremely thermal sensitive, which requires a high temperature control accuracy of the print head. This paper presents a numerical and experimental investigation on the temperature field of a homemade print head. A finite element simulation model for analyzing the temperature field of the print head was established, by which the temperature distribution inside the print head can be acquired. Moreover, to improve the temperature control accuracy, an improved configuration was proposed, and two schemes were compared. The temperature control error dropped from 28% to 6.2% with the improved print head, which was verified experimentally. Furthermore, printing trials were conducted by the optimized print head. The filament diameter could be regulated by changing the temperature of the print head, which validates the feasibility to control the filament diameter during the extrusion process via temperature regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (P.Z.); (K.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (P.Z.); (K.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Correspondence: (Q.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Kaicheng Yu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (P.Z.); (K.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Yifeng Yao
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (P.Z.); (K.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Lihua Lu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (P.Z.); (K.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China
- Correspondence: (Q.G.); (L.L.)
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21
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Grivet-Brancot A, Boffito M, Ciardelli G. Use of Polyesters in Fused Deposition Modeling for Biomedical Applications. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200039. [PMID: 35488769 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, 3D printing techniques experienced a growing interest in several sectors, including the biomedical one. Their main advantage resides in the possibility to obtain complex and personalized structures in a cost-effective way impossible to achieve with traditional production methods. This is especially true for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), one of the most diffused 3D printing methods. The easy customization of the final products' geometry, composition and physico-chemical properties is particularly interesting for the increasingly personalized approach adopted in modern medicine. Thermoplastic polymers are the preferred choice for FDM applications, and a wide selection of biocompatible and biodegradable materials is available to this aim. Moreover, these polymers can also be easily modified before and after printing to better suit the body environment and the mechanical properties of biological tissues. This review focuses on the use of thermoplastic aliphatic polyesters for FDM applications in the biomedical field. In detail, the use of poly(ε-caprolactone), poly(lactic acid), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s, thermo-plastic poly(ester urethane)s and their blends has been thoroughly surveyed, with particular attention to their main features, applicability and workability. The state-of-the-art is presented and current challenges in integrating the additive manufacturing technology in the medical practice are discussed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Grivet-Brancot
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, Italy.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Università di Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Monica Boffito
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ciardelli
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, Italy
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22
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Yu K, Gao Q, Lu L, Zhang P. A Process Parameter Design Method for Improving the Filament Diameter Accuracy of Extrusion 3D Printing. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072454. [PMID: 35407791 PMCID: PMC8999365 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Process parameters have a significant impact on the filament diameter of extrusion 3D printing. To precisely control filament diameter, this paper proposes a novel method based on experiments to guide process parameter design. Additionally, an extrusion 3D printing device was developed, by which the influence of crucial process parameters and rheological properties on the diameter of printed filaments could be investigated experimentally and theoretically. Furthermore, poly (l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) was used as a case study to detail the design procedure of the proposed method. The printable range of the process parameters for PLCL was acquired, and a fitting surface for the experimental data was calculated to guide the process parameter design. According to the results of the experiment, by adjusting the process parameters, PLCL filaments with five different diameters of 120, 130, 140, 150, and 160 μm can be fabricated with a 100 μm nozzle. The deviations between the actual filament diameters and the desired diameter are less than 5 μm, which validates the reliability of the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaicheng Yu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (K.Y.); (P.Z.)
- Research Center of Precision Equipment and Technology, Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (K.Y.); (P.Z.)
- Research Center of Precision Equipment and Technology, Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Correspondence: (Q.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Lihua Lu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (K.Y.); (P.Z.)
- Research Center of Precision Equipment and Technology, Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China
- Correspondence: (Q.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (K.Y.); (P.Z.)
- Research Center of Precision Equipment and Technology, Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 400000, China
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23
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Özcan M, Magini EB, Volpato GM, Cruz A, Volpato CAM. Additive Manufacturing Technologies for Fabrication of Biomaterials for Surgical Procedures in Dentistry: A Narrative Review. J Prosthodont 2022; 31:105-135. [PMID: 35313027 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To screen and critically appraise available literature regarding additive manufacturing technologies for bone graft material fabrication in dentistry. MATERIAL AND METHODS PubMed and Scopus were searched up to May 2021. Studies reporting the additive manufacturing techniques to manufacture scaffolds for intraoral bone defect reconstruction were considered eligible. A narrative review was synthesized to discuss the techniques for bone graft material fabrication in dentistry and the biomaterials used. RESULTS The databases search resulted in 933 articles. After removing duplicate articles (128 articles), the titles and abstracts of the remaining articles (805 articles) were evaluated. A total of 89 articles were included in this review. Reading these articles, 5 categories of additive manufacturing techniques were identified: material jetting, powder bed fusion, vat photopolymerization, binder jetting, and material extrusion. CONCLUSIONS Additive manufacturing technologies for bone graft material fabrication in dentistry, especially 3D bioprinting approaches, have been successfully used to fabricate bone graft material with distinct compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Center of Dental Medicine, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eduarda Blasi Magini
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Ariadne Cruz
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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24
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Bojedla SSR, Chameettachal S, Yeleswarapu S, Nikzad M, Masood SH, Pati F. Silk fibroin microfiber-reinforced polycaprolactone composites with enhanced biodegradation and biological characteristics. J Biomed Mater Res A 2022; 110:1386-1400. [PMID: 35261161 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
There is an enormous demand for bone graft biomaterials to treat developmental and acquired bony defects arising from infections, trauma, tumor, and other conditions. Polycaprolactone (PCL) has been extensively utilized for bone tissue engineering but limited cellular interaction and tissue integration are the primary concerns. PCL-based composites with different biomaterials have been attempted to improve the mechanical and biological response. Interestingly, a few studies have tried to blend PCL with aqueous silk fibroin solution, but the structures prepared with the blend were mechanically weak due to phase mismatch. As a result, silk microparticle-based PCL composites have been prepared, but the microfibers-reinforced composites could be superior to them due to significant fiber-matrix interaction. This study aims at developing a unique composite by incorporating 100-150 μm long (aspect ratio; 8:1-5:1) silk-fibroin microfibers into the PCL matrix for superior biological and mechanical properties. Two silk variants were used, that is, Bombyx mori and a wild variant, Antheraea mylitta, reported to have cell recognizable Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD) sequences. A. mylitta silk fibroin microfibers were produced, and composites were made with PCL for the first time. The morphological, tensile, thermal, biodegradation, and biological properties of the composites were evaluated. Importantly, we tried to optimize the silk concentration within the composite to strike a balance among the cellular response, biodegradation, and mechanical strength of the composites. The results indicate that the PCL-silk fibroin microfiber composite could be an efficient biomaterial for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Sai Ramya Bojedla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Shibu Chameettachal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Sriya Yeleswarapu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Mostafa Nikzad
- Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Syed H Masood
- Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Falguni Pati
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
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Holešová S, Čech Barabaszová K, Hundáková M, Ščuková M, Hrabovská K, Joszko K, Antonowicz M, Gzik-Zroska B. Development of Novel Thin Polycaprolactone (PCL)/Clay Nanocomposite Films with Antimicrobial Activity Promoted by the Study of Mechanical, Thermal, and Surface Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13183193. [PMID: 34578094 PMCID: PMC8470023 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with pathogenic microorganisms is of great concern in many areas, especially in healthcare, but also in food packaging and storage, or in water purification systems. Antimicrobial polymer nanocomposites have gained great popularity in these areas. Therefore, this study focused on new approaches to develop thin antimicrobial films based on biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) with clay mineral natural vermiculite as a carrier for antimicrobial compounds, where the active organic antimicrobial component is antifungal ciclopirox olamine (CPX). For possible synergistic effects, a sample in combination with the inorganic antimicrobial active ingredient zinc oxide was also prepared. The structures of all the prepared samples were studied by X-ray diffraction, FTIR analysis and, predominantly, by SEM. The very different structure properties of the prepared nanofillers had a fundamental influence on the final structural arrangement of thin PCL nanocomposite films as well as on their mechanical, thermal, and surface properties. As sample PCL/ZnOVER_CPX possessed the best results for antimicrobial activity against examined microbial strains, the synergic effect of CPX and ZnO combination on antimicrobial activity was proved, but on the other hand, its mechanical resistance was the lowest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylva Holešová
- Nanotechnology Centre, CEET, VŠB—Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (K.Č.B); (M.H.); (M.Š.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-596-999355
| | - Karla Čech Barabaszová
- Nanotechnology Centre, CEET, VŠB—Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (K.Č.B); (M.H.); (M.Š.)
| | - Marianna Hundáková
- Nanotechnology Centre, CEET, VŠB—Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (K.Č.B); (M.H.); (M.Š.)
| | - Michaela Ščuková
- Nanotechnology Centre, CEET, VŠB—Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (K.Č.B); (M.H.); (M.Š.)
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, VŠB—Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Hrabovská
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VŠB—Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic;
| | - Kamil Joszko
- Department of Biomechatronics, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Antonowicz
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (M.A.); (B.G.-Z.)
| | - Bożena Gzik-Zroska
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (M.A.); (B.G.-Z.)
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Tabatabaei F, Rasoulianboroujeni M, Yadegari A, Tajik S, Moharamzadeh K, Tayebi L. Osteo-mucosal engineered construct: In situ adhesion of hard-soft tissues. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112255. [PMID: 34474817 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this work was to combine engineered hard and soft tissue, adopting a new method for interfacial adhesion of osteo-mucosal construct. We hypothesized that the chemical procedure involved in this method not only adheres the components, but also improves the cell growth inside them. METHODS 3D-printed functionally-graded porous hard-tissue scaffolds were characterized, functionalized by aminolysis and tyrosinase, and accommodated by human osteoblast cells. Introducing amino groups through aminolysis and inducing dopaquinones by tyrosinase can take part in the Michael additions to cause the adhesion. Subsequently, fully-differentiated engineered oral mucosa was formed directly on the surface of hard tissue. Constructs were assessed in term of morphology, structure, chemical composition, histology, and cytocompatibility. Interfacial adhesion was compared to a control group prepared by using a biological glue for the attachment of the soft and hard tissues. RESULTS The data confirmed higher proliferation of osteoblast cells via aminolysis and improved osteoblast cells distribution and differentiation by incorporation of tyrosinase in collagen. There was evidence of multilayered, stratified epithelium on the osteo-mucosal model with viable fibroblasts and osteoblasts within the lamina propria and bone tissue layers. Our method of adhesion resulted in cohesive debonding within the engineered soft tissue; while in the control group, adhesive debonding and complete separation of the oral mucosa from the hard tissue was observed. Although the shear strength of the osteo-mucosal model (157.6 kDa ± 25.1) was slightly higher than that of the control group (149.4 kDa ± 23.1), there was no statistically significant difference between them (p > 0.05). However, the advantage of our in situ adhesion approach is the absence of a barrier like glue which can disrupt direct cellular communications between tissues. SIGNIFICANCE This study provides a novel method of directly combining tissue-engineered human bone with oral mucosa, which has the potential to improve cell-ingrowth and tissue integration. This engineered tissue construct, after further optimization, can be used clinically as a graft material in various oral surgeries and can also be employed as an in vitro model to investigate many aspects of oral diseases and examine dental materials and oral health care products as a replacement of in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amir Yadegari
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Sanaz Tajik
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Keyvan Moharamzadeh
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates; School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
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Yang X, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Chen J, Wan Q. The Application of Polycaprolactone in Three-Dimensional Printing Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162754. [PMID: 34451293 PMCID: PMC8400029 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering commonly encompasses the use of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds to provide a suitable microenvironment for the propagation of cells to regenerate damaged tissues or organs. 3D printing technology has been extensively applied to allow direct 3D scaffolds manufacturing. Polycaprolactone (PCL) has been widely used in the fabrication of 3D scaffolds in the field of bone tissue engineering due to its advantages such as good biocompatibility, slow degradation rate, the less acidic breakdown products in comparison to other polyesters, and the potential for loadbearing applications. PCL can be blended with a variety of polymers and hydrogels to improve its properties or to introduce new PCL-based composites. This paper describes the PCL used in developing state of the art of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. In this review, we provide an overview of the 3D printing techniques for the fabrication of PCL-based composite scaffolds and recent studies on applications in different clinical situations. For instance, PCL-based composite scaffolds were used as an implant surgical guide in dental treatment. Furthermore, future trend and potential clinical translations will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qianbing Wan
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (Q.W.)
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Sharma D, Mathur VP, Satapathy BK. Biodegradable and Biocompatible 3D Constructs for Dental Applications: Manufacturing Options and Perspectives. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:2030-2056. [PMID: 34318403 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02839-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Designing 3D constructs with appropriate materials and structural frameworks for complex dental restorative/regenerative procedures has always remained a multi-criteria optimization challenge. In this regard, 3D printing has long been known to be a potent tool for various tissue regenerative applications, however, the preparation of biocompatible, biodegradable, and stable inks is yet to be explored and revolutionized for overall performance improvisation. The review reports the currently employed manufacturing processes for the development of engineered self-supporting, easily processable, and cost-effective 3D constructs with target-specific tuneable mechanics, bioactivity, and degradability aspects in the oral cavity for their potential use in numerous dental applications ranging from soft pulp tissues to hard alveolar bone tissues. A hybrid synergistic approach, comprising of development of multi-layered, structurally stable, composite building blocks with desired physicomechanical performance and bioactivity presents an optimal solution to circumvent the major limitations and develop new-age advanced dental restorations and implants. Further, the review summarizes some manufacturing perspectives which may inspire the readers to design appropriate structures for clinical trials so as to pave the way for their routine applications in dentistry in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Sharma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Vijay Prakash Mathur
- Division of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Bhabani K Satapathy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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Marew T, Birhanu G. Three dimensional printed nanostructure biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. Regen Ther 2021; 18:102-111. [PMID: 34141834 PMCID: PMC8178073 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The suffering from organ dysfunction due to damaged or diseased tissue/bone has been globally on the rise. Current treatment strategies for non-union bone defects include: the use of autografts, allografts, synthetic grafts and free vascularized fibular grafts. Bone tissue engineering has emerged as an alternative for fracture repair to satisfy the current unmet need of bone grafts and to alleviate the problems associated with autografts and allografts. The technology offers the possibility to induce new functional bone regeneration using synergistic combination of functional biomaterials (scaffolds), cells, and growth factors. Bone scaffolds are typically made of porous biodegradable materials that provide the mechanical support during repair and regeneration of damaged or diseased bone. Significant progress has been made towards scaffold materials for structural support, desired osteogenesis and angiogenesis abilities. Thanks for innovative scaffolds fabrication technologies, bioresorbable scaffolds with controlled porosity and tailored properties are possible today. Despite the presence of different bone scaffold fabrication methods, pore size, shape and interconnectivity have not yet been fully controlled in most of the methods. Moreover, scaffolds with tailored porosity for specific defects are still difficult to manufacture. Nevertheless, such scaffolds can be designed and fabricated using three dimensional (3D) printing approaches. 3D printing technology, as an advanced tissue scaffold fabrication method, offers the opportunity to produce complex geometries with distinct advantages. The technology has been used for the production of various types of bodily constructs such as blood vessels, vascular networks, bones, cartilages, exoskeletons, eyeglasses, cell cultures, tissues, organs and novel drug delivery devices. This review focuses on 3D printed scaffolds and their application in bone repair and regeneration. In addition, different classes of biomaterials commonly employed for the fabrication of 3D nano scaffolds for bone tissue engineering application so far are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfa Marew
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gebremariam Birhanu
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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30
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Guo Z, Poot AA, Grijpma DW. Advanced polymer-based composites and structures for biomedical applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Surface modification of a three-dimensional polycaprolactone scaffold by polydopamine, biomineralization, and BMP-2 immobilization for potential bone tissue applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 199:111528. [PMID: 33385823 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a free-form fabrication technique enabling fine feature control for tissue engineering applications. Especially, 3D scaffolds capable of supporting cell attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation are a prerequisite for bone tissue regeneration. Herein, we elaborated this approach to produce a 3D polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold with long-term osteogenic activity. Specifically, we coated polydopamine (PDA) on 3D PCL scaffolds, subsequently deposited hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles via biomimetic mineralization, and finally immobilized bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). Material properties were characterized and compared with various 3D scaffolds, including PCL, PDA-coated PCL (PCL/PDA), and PDA-coated and HA-deposited PCL (PCL/PDA/HA). In vitro cell culture studies with osteoblasts revealed that the PCL/PDA/HA scaffolds immobilized with BMP-2 showed long-term retention of BMP-2 (for up to 21 days) and significantly increased osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, as evidenced by metabolic activity, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium deposition. We believe that this multifunctional osteogenic 3D scaffold will be useful for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Chen Y, Li W, Zhang C, Wu Z, Liu J. Recent Developments of Biomaterials for Additive Manufacturing of Bone Scaffolds. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000724. [PMID: 32743960 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed surging demand for bone repair/regeneration implants due to the increasing number of bone defects caused by trauma, cancer, infection, and arthritis worldwide. In addition to bone autografts and allografts, biomaterial substitutes have been widely used in clinical practice. Personalized implants with precise and personalized control of shape, porosity, composition, surface chemistry, and mechanical properties will greatly facilitate the regeneration of bone tissue and satiate the clinical needs. Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, also known as 3D printing, are drawing fast growing attention in the fabrication of implants or scaffolding materials due to their capability of manufacturing complex and irregularly shaped scaffolds in repairing bone defects in clinical practice. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent progress in the development of materials and techniques used in the additive manufacturing of bone scaffolds. In addition, clinical application, pre-clinical trials and future prospects of AM based bone implants are also summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Weilin Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Zhaoying Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
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Radhakrishnan S, Nagarajan S, Belaid H, Farha C, Iatsunskyi I, Coy E, Soussan L, Huon V, Bares J, Belkacemi K, Teyssier C, Balme S, Miele P, Cornu D, Kalkura N, Cavaillès V, Bechelany M. Fabrication of 3D printed antimicrobial polycaprolactone scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111525. [PMID: 33255078 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers are widely employed for bone tissue engineering due to their tunable physical properties and biocompatibility. Inherently, most of these polymers display poor antimicrobial properties. Infection at the site of implantation is a major cause for failure or delay in bone healing process and the development of antimicrobial polymers is highly desired. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNps) were synthesized in polycaprolactone (PCL) solution by in-situ reduction and further extruded into PCL/AgNps filaments. Customized 3D structures were fabricated using the PCL/AgNps filaments through 3D printing technique. As demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy, the 3D printed scaffolds exhibited interconnected porous structures. Furthermore, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed the reduction of silver ions. Transmission electron microscopy along with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the formation of silver nanoparticles throughout the PCL matrix. In vitro enzymatic degradation studies showed that the PCL/AgNps scaffolds displayed 80% degradation in 20 days. The scaffolds were cytocompatible, as assessed using hFOB cells and their antibacterial activity was demonstrated on Escherichia coli. Due to their interconnected porous structure, mechanical and antibacterial properties, these cytocompatible multifunctional 3D printed PCL/AgNps scaffolds appear highly suitable for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Socrates Radhakrishnan
- Crystal Growth Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India; Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Sakthivel Nagarajan
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Habib Belaid
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Cynthia Farha
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Igor Iatsunskyi
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 3 Wszechnicy Piastowskiej str., 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Emerson Coy
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 3 Wszechnicy Piastowskiej str., 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Laurence Soussan
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Huon
- LMGC, Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil, Université Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonathan Bares
- LMGC, Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil, Université Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Kawthar Belkacemi
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Catherine Teyssier
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Sébastien Balme
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Miele
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, Paris F-73231, France
| | - David Cornu
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Vincent Cavaillès
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
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Park SA, Lee HJ, Kim SY, Kim KS, Jo DW, Park SY. Three-dimensionally printed polycaprolactone/beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffold was more effective as an rhBMP-2 carrier for new bone formation than polycaprolactone alone. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:840-848. [PMID: 32776655 PMCID: PMC8048475 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP‐2) has been widely used in bone tissue engineering to enhance bone regeneration because of its osteogenic inductivity. However, clinical outcomes can vary depending on the scaffold materials used to deliver rhBMP‐2. In this study, 3D‐printed scaffolds with a ratio of 1:1 polycaprolactone and beta‐tricalcium phosphate (PCL/T50) were applied as carriers for rhBMP‐2 in mandibular bone defect models in dog models. Before in vivo application, in vitro experiments were conducted. Preosteoblast proliferation was not significantly different between scaffolds made of PCL/T50 and polycaprolactone alone (PCL/T0) regardless of rhBMP‐2 delivery. However, PCL/T50 showed an increased level of the alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization assay when rhBMP‐2 was delivered. In in vivo, the newly formed bone volume of the PCL/T50 group was significantly increased compared with that of the PCL/T0 scaffolds regardless of rhBMP‐2 delivery. Histological examination showed that PCL/T50 with rhBMP‐2 produced significantly greater amounts of newly bone formation than PCL/T0 with rhBMP‐2. The quantities of scaffold remaining were lower in the PCL/T50 group than in the PCL/T0 group, although it was not significantly different. In conclusion, PCL/T50 scaffolds were advantageous for rhBMP‐2 delivery as well as for maintaining space for bone formation in mandibular bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su A Park
- Department of Nature-Inspired Nanoconvergence Systems, Nanoconvergence and Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Sung-Yeol Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Keun-Suh Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Deuk-Won Jo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Program in Dental Clinical Education and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
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3D-printed poly(Ɛ-caprolactone) scaffold with gradient mechanical properties according to force distribution in the mandible for mandibular bone tissue engineering. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 104:103638. [PMID: 32174396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In bone tissue engineering, prediction of forces induced to the native bone during normal functioning is important in the design, fabrication, and integration of a scaffold with the host. The aim of this study was to customize the mechanical properties of a layer-by-layer 3D-printed poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold estimated by finite element (FE) modeling in order to match the requirements of the defect, to prevent mechanical failure, and ensure optimal integration with the surrounding tissue. Forces and torques induced on the mandibular symphysis during jaw opening and closing were predicted by FE modeling. Based on the predicted forces, homogeneous-structured PCL scaffolds with 3 different void sizes (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mm) were designed and 3D-printed using an extrusion based 3D-bioprinter. In addition, 2 gradient-structured scaffolds were designed and 3D-printed. The first gradient scaffold contained 2 regions (0.3 mm and 0.6 mm void size in the upper and lower half, respectively), whereas the second gradient scaffold contained 3 regions (void sizes of 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mm in the upper, middle and lower third, respectively). Scaffolds were tested for their compressive and tensile strength in the upper and lower halves. The actual void size of the homogeneous scaffolds with designed void size of 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mm was 0.20, 0.59, and 0.95 mm, respectively. FE modeling showed that during opening and closing of the jaw, the highest force induced on the symphysis was a compressive force in the transverse direction. The compressive force was induced throughout the symphyseal line and reduced from top (362.5 N, compressive force) to bottom (107.5 N, tensile force) of the symphysis. Compressive and tensile strength of homogeneous scaffolds decreased by 1.4-fold to 3-fold with increasing scaffold void size. Both gradient scaffolds had higher compressive strength in the upper half (2 region-gradient scaffold: 4.9 MPa; 3 region-gradient scaffold: 4.1 MPa) compared with the lower half (2 region-gradient scaffold: 2.5 MPa; 3 region-gradient scaffold: 2.7 MPa) of the scaffold. 3D-printed PCL scaffolds had higher compressive strength in the scaffold layer-by-layer building direction compared with the side direction, and a very low tensile strength in the scaffold layer-by-layer building direction. Fluid shear stress and fluid pressure distribution in the gradient scaffolds were more homogeneous than in the 0.3 mm void size scaffold and similar to the 0.6 mm and 0.9 mm void size scaffolds. In conclusion, these data show that the mechanical properties of 3D-printed PCL scaffolds can be tailored based on the predicted forces on the mandibular symphysis. These 3D-printed PCL scaffolds had different mechanical properties in scaffold building direction compared with the side direction, which should be taken into account when placing the scaffold in the defect site. Our findings might have implications for improved performance and integration of scaffolds with native tissue.
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36
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Seok JM, Rajangam T, Jeong JE, Cheong S, Joo SM, Oh SJ, Shin H, Kim SH, Park SA. Fabrication of 3D plotted scaffold with microporous strands for bone tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:951-960. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02360g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Scaffold porosity has played a key role in bone tissue engineering aimed at effective tissue regeneration, by promoting cell attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation for new bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Seok
- Department of Nature-Inspired Nanoconvergence Systems
- Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials
- Daejeon 34103
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering
| | - Thanavel Rajangam
- Center for Biomaterials
- Biomedical Research Institute
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eun Jeong
- Department of Nature-Inspired Nanoconvergence Systems
- Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials
- Daejeon 34103
- Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sang Min Joo
- TaeWoong Medical Institute
- Osong 28161
- Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ja Oh
- Center for Biomaterials
- Biomedical Research Institute
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Heungsoo Shin
- Department of Bioengineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 04763
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Kim
- Center for Biomaterials
- Biomedical Research Institute
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Su A Park
- Department of Nature-Inspired Nanoconvergence Systems
- Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials
- Daejeon 34103
- Republic of Korea
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37
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Smith BT, Bittner SM, Watson E, Smoak MM, Diaz-Gomez L, Molina ER, Kim YS, Hudgins CD, Melchiorri AJ, Scott DW, Grande-Allen KJ, Yoo JJ, Atala A, Fisher JP, Mikos AG. Multimaterial Dual Gradient Three-Dimensional Printing for Osteogenic Differentiation and Spatial Segregation. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 26:239-252. [PMID: 31696784 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study of three-dimensional (3D) printed composite β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)-/hydroxyapatite/poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-based constructs, the effects of vertical compositional ceramic gradients and architectural porosity gradients on the osteogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were investigated. Specifically, three different concentrations of β-TCP (0, 10, and 20 wt%) and three different porosities (33% ± 4%, 50% ± 4%, and 65% ± 3%) were examined to elucidate the contributions of chemical and physical gradients on the biochemical behavior of MSCs and the mineralized matrix production within a 3D culture system. By delaminating the constructs at the gradient transition point, the spatial separation of cellular phenotypes could be specifically evaluated for each construct section. Results indicated that increased concentrations of β-TCP resulted in upregulation of osteogenic markers, including alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized matrix development. Furthermore, MSCs located within regions of higher porosity displayed a more mature osteogenic phenotype compared to MSCs in lower porosity regions. These results demonstrate that 3D printing can be leveraged to create multiphasic gradient constructs to precisely direct the development and function of MSCs, leading to a phenotypic gradient. Impact Statement In this study, three-dimensional (3D) printed ceramic/polymeric constructs containing discrete vertical gradients of both composition and porosity were fabricated to precisely control the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. By making simple alterations in construct architecture and composition, constructs containing heterogenous populations of cells were generated, where gradients in scaffold design led to corresponding gradients in cellular phenotype. The study demonstrates that 3D printed multiphasic composite constructs can be leveraged to create complex heterogeneous tissues and interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon T Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sean M Bittner
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas
| | - Emma Watson
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Mollie M Smoak
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas
| | - Luis Diaz-Gomez
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas
| | - Eric R Molina
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Yu Seon Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas
| | - Carrigan D Hudgins
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas
| | - Anthony J Melchiorri
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas
| | - David W Scott
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | | | - James J Yoo
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas.,Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anthony Atala
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas.,Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - John P Fisher
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas.,Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, Houston, Texas
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38
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Saat MN, Mohamad Annuar MS. One-pot lipase-catalyzed esterification of ε-caprolactone with methyl-d-glucopyranoside and its elongation with free 6-hydroxyhexanoate monomer units. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2019; 67:354-365. [PMID: 31746015 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
One-pot synthesis of sugar-functionalized oligomeric caprolactone was carried out by lipase-catalyzed esterification of ε-caprolactone (ECL) with methyl-d-glucopyranoside (MGP) followed by the elongation of functionalized oligomer chain. Functionalization was performed in a custom-fabricated glass reactor equipped with Rushton turbine impeller and controlled temperature at 60 °C using tert-butanol as reaction medium. The overall reaction steps include MGP esterification of ECL monomer and its subsequent elongation by free 6-hydroxyhexanoate monomer units. A ping-pong bi-bi mechanism without ternary complex was proposed for esterification of ECL and MGP with apparent values of kinetic constant, namely maximal velocity (Vmax ), Michaelis constant for MGP (KmMGP ), and Michaelis constant for ECL (KmECL ) at 3.848 × 10-3 M H-1 , 8.189 × 10-2 M, and 6.050 M, respectively. Chain propagation step of MGP-functionalized ECL oligomer exhibits the properties of living polymerization mechanism. Linear relationship between conversion (%) and number average molecular weight, Mn (g mol-1 ), of functionalized oligomer was observed. Synthesized functionalized oligomer showed narrow range of molecular weight from 1,400 to 1,600 g mol-1 with more than 90% conversion achieved. Structural analysis confirmed the presence of covalent bond between the hydroxyl group in MGP with carboxyl end group of ECL oligomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naziz Saat
- Biotechnology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Suffian Mohamad Annuar
- Biotechnology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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39
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Łysik D, Mystkowska J, Markiewicz G, Deptuła P, Bucki R. The Influence of Mucin-Based Artificial Saliva on Properties of Polycaprolactone and Polylactide. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1880. [PMID: 31739431 PMCID: PMC6918373 DOI: 10.3390/polym11111880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) and polylactide (PLA) are the two most common biodegradable polymers with potential use in oral applications. Both polymers undergo mainly slow hydrolytic degradation in the human body. However, specific conditions of the oral cavity, like elevated temperature, low pH, and presence of saliva affect the rate of hydrolysis. The study examined the properties of solid samples of PCL and PLA subjected to degradation in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and artificial saliva (AS) at temperatures of 37 or 42 °C, and pH values 2 or 7.4. A number of tests were performed, including measurement of the degree of swelling, weight loss, molecular weight, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetry of polymers, as well as hardness and tensile strength. Additionally, topography and stiffness of surfaces using atomic force microscopy are presented. It has been noticed that in the artificial saliva, the processes of polymer degradation occur slightly more slowly, and the effects of temperature and pH are less pronounced. We believe that a layer of porcine gastric mucin from artificial saliva that adsorbed on the surface of polymers may have a key role in the observed differences; this layer resembles protective mucin coating tissues in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Łysik
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Joanna Mystkowska
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Markiewicz
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Piotr Deptuła
- Department of Microbiological and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (P.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Microbiological and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (P.D.); (R.B.)
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40
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He L, Zhong J, Zhu C, Liu X. Mechanical properties and in vitrodegradation behavior of additively manufactured phosphate glass particles/fibers reinforced polylactide. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhe He
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo 315100 China
| | - Jiahui Zhong
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo 315100 China
| | - Chenkai Zhu
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo 315100 China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo 315100 China
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41
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Geven MA, Grijpma DW. Additive manufacturing of composite structures for the restoration of bone tissue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/2399-7532/ab201f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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42
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Siddiqui N, Asawa S, Birru B, Baadhe R, Rao S. PCL-Based Composite Scaffold Matrices for Tissue Engineering Applications. Mol Biotechnol 2019; 60:506-532. [PMID: 29761314 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-018-0084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial-based scaffolds are important cues in tissue engineering (TE) applications. Recent advances in TE have led to the development of suitable scaffold architecture for various tissue defects. In this narrative review on polycaprolactone (PCL), we have discussed in detail about the synthesis of PCL, various properties and most recent advances of using PCL and PCL blended with either natural or synthetic polymers and ceramic materials for TE applications. Further, various forms of PCL scaffolds such as porous, films and fibrous have been discussed along with the stem cells and their sources employed in various tissue repair strategies. Overall, the present review affords an insight into the properties and applications of PCL in various tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Siddiqui
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, NIT Warangal, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India
| | - Simran Asawa
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, NIT Warangal, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India
| | - Bhaskar Birru
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, NIT Warangal, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India
| | - Ramaraju Baadhe
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, NIT Warangal, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India
| | - Sreenivasa Rao
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, NIT Warangal, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India.
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43
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Didekhani R, Sohrabi MR, Soleimani M, Seyedjafari E, Hanaee-Ahvaz H. Incorporating PCL nanofibers with oyster shell to improve osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02750-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Lee SJ, Won JE, Han C, Yin XY, Kim HK, Nah H, Kwon IK, Min BH, Kim CH, Shin YS, Park SA. Development of a three-dimensionally printed scaffold grafted with bone forming peptide-1 for enhanced bone regeneration with in vitro and in vivo evaluations. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 539:468-480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.12.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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45
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Dong Q, Wang Y, Mohabatpour F, Zheng L, Papagerakis S, Chen D, Papagerakis P. Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Isolation, Characterization, Expansion, and Odontoblast Differentiation for Tissue Engineering. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1922:91-101. [PMID: 30838567 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9012-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary area offering a promising approach by the use of stem cells combined with scaffolds and signaling factors for regeneration of damaged or lost tissues. Incorporation of a sufficient number of cells which do not elicit the immunoreaction in the body is a pivotal element for successful tissue formation using this method. Stem cells exhibiting strong capacity to self-renew and differentiate into different cell types are considered as a potent cell source. Among various cell sources, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are widely under investigation due to the fact that they are simply obtainable from extracted third molars or orthodontically extracted teeth and show an excellent potential for clinical application and also their harvesting method is minimally invasive. DPSCs are odontogenic progenitor cells with clonogenic abilities, rapid proliferation rates, and multiple differentiation potentials. Here, we describe protocols that allow 1) the isolation of DPSCs from a single tooth; 2) the characterization of human mesenchymal stem cells markers of DPSCs by flow cytometry; 3) the culture growth of DPSCs in 2D (in cell culture flasks) and 3D (by 3D printing of cell-laden constructs); and 4) the in vivo evaluation of differentiation potential of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Dong
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fatemeh Mohabatpour
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Li Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Silvana Papagerakis
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Toxicology Interdisciplinary Program, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Daniel Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Petros Papagerakis
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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46
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Ottensmeyer PF, Witzler M, Schulze M, Tobiasch E. Small Molecules Enhance Scaffold-Based Bone Grafts via Purinergic Receptor Signaling in Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3601. [PMID: 30441872 PMCID: PMC6274752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for bone grafts is high, due to age-related diseases, such as tumor resections, but also accidents, risky sports, and military conflicts. The gold standard for bone grafting is the use of autografts from the iliac crest, but the limited amount of accessible material demands new sources of bone replacement. The use of mesenchymal stem cells or their descendant cells, namely osteoblast, the bone-building cells and endothelial cells for angiogenesis, combined with artificial scaffolds, is a new approach. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be obtained from the patient themselves, or from donors, as they barely cause an immune response in the recipient. However, MSCs never fully differentiate in vitro which might lead to unwanted effects in vivo. Interestingly, purinergic receptors can positively influence the differentiation of both osteoblasts and endothelial cells, using specific artificial ligands. An overview is given on purinergic receptor signaling in the most-needed cell types involved in bone metabolism-namely osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and endothelial cells. Furthermore, different types of scaffolds and their production methods will be elucidated. Finally, recent patents on scaffold materials, as wells as purinergic receptor-influencing molecules which might impact bone grafting, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Frank Ottensmeyer
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhine-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - Markus Witzler
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhine-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - Margit Schulze
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhine-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - Edda Tobiasch
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhine-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
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47
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Zamani Y, Mohammadi J, Amoabediny G, Visscher DO, Helder MN, Zandieh-Doulabi B, Klein-Nulend J. Enhanced osteogenic activity by MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts on chemically surface-modified poly(
ε
-caprolactone) 3D-printed scaffolds compared to RGD immobilized scaffolds. Biomed Mater 2018; 14:015008. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aaeb82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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48
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Preethi Soundarya S, Haritha Menon A, Viji Chandran S, Selvamurugan N. Bone tissue engineering: Scaffold preparation using chitosan and other biomaterials with different design and fabrication techniques. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:1228-1239. [PMID: 30107161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In the recent years, a paradigm shift is taking place where metallic/synthetic implants and tissue grafts are being replaced by tissue engineering approach. A well designed three-dimensional scaffold is one of the fundamental tools to guide tissue formation in vitro and in vivo. Bone is a highly dynamic and an integrative tissue, and thus enormous efforts have been invested in bone tissue engineering to design a highly porous scaffold which plays a critical role in guiding bone growth and regeneration. Numerous techniques have been developed to fabricate highly interconnected, porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications with the help of biomolecules such as chitosan, collagen, gelatin, silk, etc. We aim, in this review, to provide an overview of different types of fabrication techniques for scaffold preparation in bone tissue engineering using biological macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Preethi Soundarya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Haritha Menon
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Viji Chandran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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49
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Yuan H, Xing K, Hsu HY. Trinity of Three-Dimensional (3D) Scaffold, Vibration, and 3D Printing on Cell Culture Application: A Systematic Review and Indicating Future Direction. Bioengineering (Basel) 2018; 5:E57. [PMID: 30041431 PMCID: PMC6164136 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering5030057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell culture and cell scaffold engineering have previously developed in two directions. First can be 'static into dynamic', with proven effects that dynamic cultures have benefits over static ones. Researches in this direction have used several mechanical means, like external vibrators or shakers, to approximate the dynamic environments in real tissue, though such approaches could only partly address the issue. Second, can be '2D into 3D', that is, artificially created three-dimensional (3D) passive (also called 'static') scaffolds have been utilized for 3D cell culture, helping external culturing conditions mimic real tissue 3D environments in a better way as compared with traditional two-dimensional (2D) culturing. In terms of the fabrication of 3D scaffolds, 3D printing (3DP) has witnessed its high popularity in recent years with ascending applicability, and this tendency might continue to grow along with the rapid development in scaffold engineering. In this review, we first introduce cell culturing, then focus 3D cell culture scaffold, vibration stimulation for dynamic culture, and 3DP technologies fabricating 3D scaffold. Potential interconnection of these realms will be analyzed, as well as the limitations of current 3D scaffold and vibration mechanisms. In the recommendation part, further discussion on future scaffold engineering regarding 3D vibratory scaffold will be addressed, indicating 3DP as a positive bridging technology for future scaffold with integrated and localized vibratory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Yuan
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia; Mawson Lakes Blvd, Mawson Lakes 5095, Australia.
| | - Ke Xing
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia; Mawson Lakes Blvd, Mawson Lakes 5095, Australia.
| | - Hung-Yao Hsu
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia; Mawson Lakes Blvd, Mawson Lakes 5095, Australia.
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Feng P, Wu P, Gao C, Yang Y, Guo W, Yang W, Shuai C. A Multimaterial Scaffold With Tunable Properties: Toward Bone Tissue Repair. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700817. [PMID: 29984132 PMCID: PMC6033191 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)/β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds are expected to be able to combine the excellent mechanical strength of PEEK and the good bioactivity and biodegradability of β-TCP. While PEEK acts as a closed membrane in which β-TCP is completely wrapped after the melting/solidifying processing, the PEEK membrane degrades very little, hence the scaffolds cannot display bioactivity and biodegradability. The strategy reported here is to blend a biodegradable polymer with PEEK and β-TCP to fabricate multi-material scaffolds via selective laser sintering (SLS). The biodegradable polymer first degrades and leaves caverns on the closed membrane, and then the wrapped β-TCP is exposed to body fluid. In this study, poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) is adopted as the biodegradable polymer. The results show that large numbers of caverns form on the membrane with the degradation of PLLA, enabling direct contact between β-TCP and body fluid, and allowing for their ion-exchange. As a consequence, the scaffolds display the bioactivity, biodegradability and cytocompatibility. Moreover, bone defect repair studies reveal that new bone tissues grow from the margin towards the center of the scaffolds from the histological analysis. The bone defect region is completely connected to the host bone end after 8 weeks of implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex ManufacturingCollege of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| | - Ping Wu
- College of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105China
| | - Chengde Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex ManufacturingCollege of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| | - Youwen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex ManufacturingCollege of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| | - Wang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex ManufacturingCollege of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex ManufacturingCollege of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex ManufacturingCollege of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
- School of Energy and Machinery EngineeringJiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex ManufacturingCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
- Key Laboratory of Organ InjuryAging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan ProvinceChangsha410008China
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