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Valizadeh S, Valizadeh B, Seo MW, Choi YJ, Lee J, Chen WH, Lin KYA, Park YK. Recent advances in liquid fuel production from plastic waste via pyrolysis: Emphasis on polyolefins and polystyrene. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 246:118154. [PMID: 38218520 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The management of plastic waste (PW) has become an indispensable worldwide issue because of the enhanced accumulation and environmental impacts of these waste materials. Thermo-catalytic pyrolysis has been proposed as an emerging technology for the valorization of PW into value-added liquid fuels. This review provides a comprehensive investigation of the latest advances in thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of PW for liquid fuel generation, by emphasizing polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene. To this end, the current strategies of PW management are summarized. The various parameters affecting the thermal pyrolysis of PW (e.g., temperature, residence time, heating rate, pyrolysis medium, and plastic type) are discussed, highlighting their significant influence on feed reactivity, product yield, and carbon number distribution of the pyrolysis process. Optimizing these parameters in the pyrolysis process can ensure highly efficient energy recovery from PW. In comparison with non-catalytic PW pyrolysis, catalytic pyrolysis of PW is considered by discussing mechanisms, reaction pathways, and the performance of various catalysts. It is established that the introduction of either acid or base catalysts shifts PW pyrolysis from the conventional free radical mechanism towards the carbonium ion mechanism, altering its kinetics and pathways. This review also provides an overview of PW pyrolysis practicality for scaling up by describing techno-economic challenges and opportunities, environmental considerations, and presenting future outlooks in this field. Overall, via investigation of the recent research findings, this paper offers valuable insights into the potential of thermo-catalytic pyrolysis as an emerging strategy for PW management and the production of liquid fuels, while also highlighting avenues for further exploration and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea
| | - Behzad Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea
| | - Myung Won Seo
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea
| | - Yong Jun Choi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, South Korea; School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea.
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Yim H, Valizadeh S, Rhee GH, Jae J, Ali Khan M, Jeon BH, Nam H, Park YK. Catalytic pyrolysis of harmful plastic waste to alleviate environmental impacts. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123198. [PMID: 38128713 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Wax is a detrimental byproduct of plastic waste pyrolysis causing challenges upon its release into the environment owing to persistence and potential toxicity. In this study, the valorization of wax materials through conversion into BTEX (i.e., benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) was achieved via catalytic pyrolysis using zeolite-based catalysts. The potential of two types of waxes, spent wax (SW), derived from the pyrolysis of plastic waste, and commercial paraffin wax (PW), for BTEX generation, was investigated. Using HZSM-5, higher yields of oil (54.9 wt%) and BTEX (18.2 wt%) were produced from the pyrolysis of SW compared to PW (32.3 and 14.1 wt%, respectively). This is due to the improved accessibility of lighter hydrocarbons in SW to Brønsted and Lewis acid sites in HZSM-5 micropores, promoting cracking, isomerization, cyclization, Diels-Alder, and dehydrogenation reactions. Further, the use of HZSM-5 resulted in significantly larger yields of oil and BTEX from SW pyrolysis compared to Hbeta and HY. This phenomenon is ascribed to the well-balanced distribution of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites and the identical geometric structure of HZSM-5 micropores and BTEX molecules. The addition of Ga to HZSM-5 further led to 2.24% and 28.30% enhancements in oil and BTEX yields, respectively, by adjusting the acidity of the catalyst through the introduction of new Lewis acid sites. The regeneration of the Ga/HZSM-5 catalyst by removing deposited coke on the spent catalyst under air partially recovered catalytic activity. This study not only offers an efficient transformation of undesirable wax into valuable fuels but also provides an environmentally promising solution, mitigating pollution, contributing to carbon capture, and promoting a healthier and more sustainable environment. It also suggests future research directions, including catalyst optimization and deactivation management, feedstock variability exploration, and techno-economic analyses for sustainable wax conversion into BTEX via catalytic pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Yim
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Soheil Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hoon Rhee
- Department of Mechanical and Information Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Jae
- School of Chemial Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resource Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungseok Nam
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Bin Abu Sofian ADA, Lim HR, Chew KW, Khoo KS, Tan IS, Ma Z, Show PL. Hydrogen production and pollution mitigation: Enhanced gasification of plastic waste and biomass with machine learning & storage for a sustainable future. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123024. [PMID: 38030108 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The pursuit of carbon neutrality confronts the twofold challenge of meeting energy demands and reducing pollution. This review article examines the potential of gasifying plastic waste and biomass as innovative, sustainable sources for hydrogen production, a critical element in achieving environmental reform. Addressing the problem of greenhouse gas emissions, the work highlights how the co-gasification of these feedstocks could contribute to environmental preservation by reducing waste and generating clean energy. Through an analysis of current technologies, the potential for machine learning to refine gasification for optimal hydrogen production is revealed. Additionally, hydrogen storage solutions are evaluated for their importance in creating a viable, sustainable energy infrastructure. The economic viability of these production methods is critically assessed, providing insights into both their cost-effectiveness and ecological benefits. Findings indicate that machine learning can significantly improve process efficiencies, thereby influencing the economic and environmental aspects of hydrogen production. Furthermore, the study presents the advancements in these technologies and their role in promoting a transition to a green economy and circular energy practices. Ultimately, the review delineates how integrating hydrogen production from unconventional feedstocks, bolstered by machine learning and advanced storage, can contribute to a sustainable and pollution-free future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Danish Aiman Bin Abu Sofian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Hooi Ren Lim
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62, Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Inn Shi Tan
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Zengling Ma
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Wan Y, Wang H, Liu J, Liu X, Song X, Zhou W, Zhang J, Huo P. Enhanced degradation of polyethylene terephthalate plastics by CdS/CeO 2 heterojunction photocatalyst activated peroxymonosulfate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131375. [PMID: 37030225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Waste plastics have posed enormous to the environment, but their recycling, especially polyethylene terephthalate plastics, was still a huge challenge. Here, CdS/CeO2 was used as the photocatalyst to promote the degradation of PET-12 plastics by activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) synergistic photocatalytic system. The results showed that 10 % CdS/CeO2 had the best performance under the illumination condition, and the weight loss rate of PET-12 could reach 93.92 % after adding 3 mM PMS. The effects of important parameters (PMS dose and co-existing anions) on PET-12 degradation were systematically studied, and the excellent performance of the photocatalytic-activated PMS system was verified by comparison experiments. SO4•- contributed the most to the degradation performance of PET-12 plastics, which was demonstrated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and free radical quenching experiments. Furthermore, the results of GC showed that the gas products including CO, and CH4. This indicated that the mineralized products could be further reduced to hydrocarbon fuel under the action of the photocatalyst. This job supplied a new idea for the photocatalytic treatment of waste microplastics in the water, which will help recycle waste plastics and recycle carbon resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wan
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Huijie Wang
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jiejing Liu
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xianghai Song
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Zhou
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jisheng Zhang
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Pengewei Huo
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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Jung YJ, Cha JS, Kim BS. Characteristics of deactivation and thermal regeneration of Nb-doped V 2O 5-WO 3/TiO 2 catalyst for NH 3-SCR reaction. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 227:115744. [PMID: 36963711 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of Nb doping into V2O5-WO3/TiO2 (VWT) catalyst for removing NOxvia the SCR (selective catalytic reduction) by NH3. The experimental results exhibited that Nb can improve the reactivity of the VWT catalyst at low temperatures. The addition of Nb also enhanced the tolerance to SO2 and H2O. The de-NOx efficiency of the V2O5-WO3-Nb2O5/TiO2 (VWNbT) catalyst was increased up to 12% over that of the VWT catalyst at 240 °C when the catalyst was poisoned for 24 h. The prepared catalysts were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, XPS, and N2 physisorption, elemental analysis. The results showed that the ammonium bisulfate (ABS) was less formed in the VWNbT than in the VWT. Moreover, evolved gas analysis was performed to examine the thermal decomposition behavior of the poisoned catalyst, and confirmed that the ABS deposited on the catalyst was sufficiently decomposed between about 300 and 400 °C. In particular, to most effectively recover the characteristics and activity of the catalysts, thermal treatment at a temperature of 400 °C is suitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Jin Jung
- Material Technology Center, Korea Testing Laboratory, Seoul, 08389, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sun Cha
- Material Technology Center, Korea Testing Laboratory, Seoul, 08389, Republic of Korea.
| | - Beom-Sik Kim
- Hydrogen Research Center, Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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Yim H, Valizadeh S, Park YK. Hydrogen production from hazardous petroleum sludge gasification over nickel-loaded porous ZSM-5 and Al 2O 3 catalysts under air condition. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 225:115586. [PMID: 36858303 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the potential of petroleum sludge (PS) for hydrogen production via the gasification process was evaluated. For this purpose, nickel (Ni)-loaded ZSM-5 and γ-Al2O3 (Ni-ZS and Ni-Al) catalysts were prepared and employed for PS gasification in air condition. The effects of different supports, Ni loading content, and reaction temperatures on the production of hydrogen-rich syngas along with the stability and reusability of the best catalyst were investigated. Applying 5%Ni-ZS obtained more gas yield (68.09 wt%) and hydrogen selectivity (25.04 vol%) compared to those obtained by 5%Ni-Al mostly owing to weak metal-support interactions which led to the dominance of well-dispersed metallic Ni. At various Ni loading percentages, 10%Ni-ZS showed the highest catalytic efficiency, which increased both gas yield (70.92 wt%) and hydrogen selectivity (30.74 vol%). However, excessive Ni content (especially 20%) significantly reduced the gas yield and hydrogen selectivity because of limited accessibility of support's active sites, poor dispersion of Ni, and inappropriate acidity. Increasing the temperature promoted the gas yield and produced hydrogen, where the highest gas yield (73.18 wt%) and hydrogen selectivity (33.15 vol%) were obtained at 850 °C due to the endothermic nature of gasification reactions. The 10%Ni-ZS catalyst showed proper stability during three consecutive experiments at 850 °C. The spent catalyst was successfully regenerated without a significant reduction in activity or selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoesuk Yim
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, South Korea
| | - Soheil Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, South Korea
| | - Y-K Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, South Korea.
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Farooq A, Ko CH, Park YK. Sewage sludge steam gasification over bimetallic mesoporous Al-MCM48 catalysts for efficient hydrogen generation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 224:115553. [PMID: 36822530 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the potential of steam gasification of sewage sludge over different temperatures (non-catalytic) and bimetallic (Ni-Fe and Ni-Co) mesoporous Al-MCM48 (3-5% Al basis). The higher temperature (800 °C) resulted in higher gas yield (36.74 wt%) and syngas (H2 and CO) selectivity (35.30 vol% and 11.66 vol%). Moreover, catalytic approach displayed that the Al-MCM48 was effective support because the incorporation of nickel increased the efficiency of gasification reactions compared to HZSM-5 (30). It mainly comes from the presence of mesopores and higher surface area (710.05 m2/g) providing more reaction sites and higher stability (less coke formation). Furthermore, the addition of promoters such as Co and Fe allowed the formation of Ni-Fe and Ni-Co alloys, resulting in even higher gas yield and overall H2 and CO selectivity due to the promotion of related reactions such as tar cracking, Boudouard, water gas shift and reforming and so on. Ni-Co alloy catalyst (10% Ni-5% Co/Al-MCM48) resulted in the highest H2 (∼52 vol%) selectivity due to the enhanced Ni dispersion and synergy effect between Ni and Co. Moreover, the application of bi-metal alloy on Al-MCM48 showed no coke formation and significantly reduced CO2 and hydrocarbon selectivity in the product gas. Overall, this study presented a promising solution for sewage sludge disposal in terms of clean H2 generation, reduction in CO2 and higher stability of metal based catalysts at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Farooq
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, South Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Ko
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Y-K Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, South Korea.
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Seo J, Kim H, Jeon S, Valizadeh S, Khani Y, Jeon BH, Rhee GH, Chen WH, Lam S, Khan MA, Park YK. Thermocatalytic conversion of wood-plastic composite over HZSM-5 catalysts. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 373:128702. [PMID: 36740100 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Air gasification of the Wood-Plastic Composite (WPC) was performed over Ni-loaded HZSM-5 catalysts to generate H2-rich gas. Increasing SiO2/Al2O3 ratio (SAR) of HZSM-5 adversely affected catalytic activity, where the highest gas yield (51.38 wt%) and H2 selectivity (27.01 vol%) were acquired using 20 %Ni/HZSM-5(30) than those produced over 20 %Ni/HZSM-5(80) and 20 %Ni/HZSM-5(280). Reducing SAR was also favorably conducive to increasing the acyclic at the expense of cyclic compounds in oil products. These phenomena are attributed to enhanced acid strength and Ni dispersion of 20 %Ni/HZSM-5(30) catalyst. Moreover, catalytic activity in the terms of gas yield and H2 selectivity enhanced with growing Ni loading to 20 %. Also, the addition of promoters (Cu and Ca) to 20 %Ni/HZSM-5(30) boosted the catalytic efficiency for H2-rich gas generation. Raising temperature indicated a positive relevance with the gas yield and H2 selectivity. WPC valorization via gasification technology would be an outstanding outlook in the terms of a waste-to-energy platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyeon Seo
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Kim
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugyeong Jeon
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soheil Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yasin Khani
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hoon Rhee
- Department of Mechanical and Information Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan
| | - Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University , Chennai, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lee HS, Jung S, Lin KYA, Kwon EE, Lee J. Upcycling textile waste using pyrolysis process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160393. [PMID: 36423842 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly changing fashion trends have generated tremendous amounts of textile waste globally. Textile waste is composed of a variety of substances (natural, synthetic, organic, and inorganic fibers). The inhomogeneity and complex nature of textile waste makes recycling economically challenging. Pyrolysis is a thermochemical process that transforms waste feedstocks of an inhomogeneous and complex nature into value added products (i.e., waste upcycling). This article provides a systematic review of the currently available and investigated pyrolysis processes to upcycle textile waste (e.g., material and energy recovery). The challenges in the pyrolysis process of textile waste are discussed, and relevant future research needs are recommended. Despite these challenges, pyrolysis will be an effective end-of-life option for textile waste if continuous research and development activities are conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sue Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyup Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Guo Y, Wang G, Yu J, Huang P, Sun J, Wang R, Wang T, Zhao C. Tailoring the performance of Ni-CaO dual function materials for integrated CO2 capture and conversion by doping transition metal oxides. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Valizadeh S, Hakimian H, Farooq A, Jeon BH, Chen WH, Hoon Lee S, Jung SC, Won Seo M, Park YK. Valorization of biomass through gasification for green hydrogen generation: A comprehensive review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 365:128143. [PMID: 36265786 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Green and sustainable hydrogen from biomass gasification processes is one of the promising ways to alternate fossil fuels-based hydrogen production. First off, an overview of green hydrogen generation from biomass gasification processes is presented and the corresponding possible gasification reactions and the effect of respective experimental criteria are explained in detail. In addition, a comprehensive explanation of the catalytic effect on tar reduction and hydrogen generation via catalytic gasification is presented regarding the functional mechanisms of various types of catalysts. Furthermore, the commercialization aspects, the associated technical challenges and barriers, and the prospects of a biomass gasification process for green hydrogen generation are discussed. Finally, this comprehensive review provides the related advancements, challenges, and great insight of biomass gasification for the green hydrogen generation to realize a sustainable hydrogen society via biomass valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanie Hakimian
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Abid Farooq
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan
| | - See Hoon Lee
- Department of Mineral Res. and Energy Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Department of Environment & Energy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Chul Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Won Seo
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Hakimian H, Valizadeh S, Kim YM, Park YK. Production of valuable chemicals through the catalytic pyrolysis of harmful oil sludge over metal-loaded HZSM-5 catalysts. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113911. [PMID: 35863449 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This research studied the catalytic pyrolysis of oil sludge (OS) over metal-loaded HZSM-5 catalysts, an eco-friendly and cost-effective technology to produce value-added aromatics such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEXs). In particular, it evaluated the respective effects of the experimental parameters: the type and amount of the metal loaded, the reaction temperature, and the OS/catalyst ratio, on the BTEXs yield sequentially to achieve optimum conditions. This evaluation showed that the highest yields of the BTEXs (6.61 wt%) and other aromatics were achieved when Ni was incorporated into the HZSM-5 (Ni/HZSM-5) followed by the corresponding yields of Ga/HZSM-5 and Fe/HZSM-5, due to a better distribution of Ni on the support surface and an enhanced acidity strength of this catalyst. Further, increase in Ni loading (up to 10 wt% Ni/HZSM-5) increased the BTEXs yield to 13.48 wt%. However, the excessive Ni loading (15 wt% Ni/HZSM-5) resulted in a reduced BTEXs yield due to the blockage of the zeolite channels. Next, an increase in the reaction temperature from 500 °C to 600 °C increased the yield of the BTEXs and other aromatics. However, a further increase in the reaction temperature to 650 °C decreased slightly their yield because of the stimulating secondary reactions at high temperatures. The increase of catalyst amount (OS/catalyst of 1/3) also maximized the BTEXs yield (30.50 wt%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanie Hakimian
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Soheil Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Daegu University, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Quiroga E, Cifuentes B, Moltó J, Ortuño N, Conesa J, Davó-Quiñonero A, Cobo M. Integration of steam gasification and catalytic reforming of lignocellulosic biomass as a strategy to improve syngas quality and pollutants removal. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 147:48-59. [PMID: 35623261 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Residual biomass gasification is a promising route for the production of H2-rich syngas. However, the simultaneous formation of pollutants such as light hydrocarbons (HCs), benzene, toluene and xylenes (BTEX), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) during gasification must be controlled. As a result, this study evaluated the effect of temperature and catalytic reforming over a Rh-Pt/CeO2-SiO2 catalyst during steam gasification of sugarcane residual biomass on syngas composition and pollutant removal. The above was carried out in a horizontal moving reactor, an Amberlite XAD-2 polyaromatic resin was used to collect the contaminants and characterization of the catalyst was performed. In this study, a concentration of up to 37 mol% of H2, a yield of 23.1 g H2 kg-1biomass, and a H2/CO ratio ≥2 were achieved when gasification and reforming were integrated. In addition, the catalyst characterization showed that Rh-Pt/CeO2-SiO2 was not susceptible to sintering and favored the formation of hydroxyl groups that promoted CO oxidation, thereby increasing the H2/CO ratio, as confirmed by in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). At 800 °C, where a high H2 yield was obtained, 209 g Nm-3 of light HCs and BTEX, 10.9 g Nm-3 of PAHs, and 32.5 ng WHO-TEQ Nm-3 of PCDD/Fs were formed after gasification. Interestingly, after catalytic reforming, 62% of light HCs and BTEX, 60% of PAHs, and 94% of PCDD/Fs were removed, leading to cleaner syngas with properties that allow it to be used in a wide range of energy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Quiroga
- Energy, Materials and Environment Laboratory, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus Universitario Puente del Común, Km. 7 Autopista Norte, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Bernay Cifuentes
- Faculty of Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Universidad de La Salle, Carrera 2 # 10-70, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julia Moltó
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n, Alicante 03690, Spain; University Institute of Chemical Process Engineering, University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n, Alicante 03690, Spain
| | - Nuria Ortuño
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n, Alicante 03690, Spain; University Institute of Chemical Process Engineering, University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n, Alicante 03690, Spain
| | - Juan Conesa
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n, Alicante 03690, Spain; University Institute of Chemical Process Engineering, University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n, Alicante 03690, Spain
| | - Arantxa Davó-Quiñonero
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n, Alicante 03690, Spain
| | - Martha Cobo
- Energy, Materials and Environment Laboratory, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus Universitario Puente del Común, Km. 7 Autopista Norte, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Farooq A, Lee J, Song H, Ko CH, Lee IH, Kim YM, Rhee GH, Pyo S, Park YK. Valorization of hazardous COVID-19 mask waste while minimizing hazardous byproducts using catalytic gasification. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127222. [PMID: 34560479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes a method to valorize hazardous waste such as used COVID-19 face mask via catalytic gasification over Ni-loaded ZSM-5 type zeolites. The 25% Ni was found as an optimal loading on ZSM-5 in terms of H2 production. Among different zeolites (ZSM-5(30), ZSM-5(80), ZSM-5(280), mesoporous (m)-ZSM-5(30), and HY(30)), 25% Ni/m-ZSM-5(30) led to the highest H2 selectivity (45.04 vol%), most likely because of the highest Ni dispersion on the m-ZSM-5(30) surface, high porosity, and acid site density of the m-ZSM-5(30). The content of N-containing species (e.g., caprolactum and nitriles) in the gasification product was also reduced, when steam was used as gasifying agent, which is the source of potentially hazardous air pollutants (e.g., NOx). The increase in the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio resulted in lower tar conversion and lower H2 generation. At comparable conditions, steam gasification of the mask led to ~15 vol% higher H2 selectivity than air gasification. Overall, the Ni-loaded zeolite catalyst can not only suppress the formation of hazardous substances but also enhance the production of hydrogen from the hazardous waste material such as COVID-19 mask waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Farooq
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering & Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheol Song
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Ko
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Im-Hack Lee
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeonsan 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hoon Rhee
- Department of Mechanical and Information Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Pyo
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Moogi S, Jang SH, Rhee GH, Ko CH, Choi YJ, Lee SH, Show PL, Andrew Lin KY, Park YK. Hydrogen-rich gas production via steam gasification of food waste over basic oxides (MgO/CaO/SrO) promoted-Ni/Al 2O 3 catalysts. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132224. [PMID: 34826918 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Food waste, a renewable resource, was converted to H2-rich gas via a catalytic steam gasification process. The effects of basic oxides (MgO, CaO, and SrO) with 10 wt% Ni/Al2O3 on the gasification properties of food waste were investigated using a U-shaped gasifier. All catalysts prepared by the precipitation method were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, H2-temperature-programmed reduction, NH3-temperature-programmed desorption, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The Ni/Al2O3 catalyst was reduced incompletely, and low nickel concentrations were detected on the surface of the alumina. The basic oxides minimized the number of acid sites and suppressed the formation of nickel-aluminate (NiAlxOy) phase in catalyst. In addition, the basic oxides shifted nickel-aluminate reduction reaction to lower temperatures. It resulted in enhancing nickel concentration on the catalyst surface and increasing gas yield and hydrogen selectivity. The low gas yield of the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst was attributed to the low nickel concentration on the surface. The maximum gas yield (66.0 wt%) and hydrogen selectivity (63.8 vol%) of the 10 wt% SrO- 10 wt% Ni/Al2O3 catalyst correlated with the highly dispersed nickel on the surface and low acidity. Furthermore, coke deposition during steam gasification varied with the surface acidity of the catalysts and less coke was formed on 10 wt% SrO- 10 wt% Ni/Al2O3 due to efficient tar cracking. This study showed that the steam gasification efficiency of the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst could be improved significantly by the addition of SrO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendar Moogi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 02504, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Jang
- Department of Bio-Environmental Energy, Pusan National Univ., 50463, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Gwang Hoon Rhee
- Department of Mechanical and Information Engineering, University of Seoul, 02504, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Ko
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jun Choi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 02504, Seoul, South Korea
| | - See Hoon Lee
- Department of Mineral Resource and Energy Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 54896, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 02504, Seoul, South Korea.
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Farooq A, Rhee GH, Lee IH, Khan MA, Lee SH, Jung SC, Jeon BH, Chen WH, Park YK. Waste furniture gasification using rice husk based char catalysts for enhanced hydrogen generation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125813. [PMID: 34454233 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Present study provides biohydrogen production methods from waste furniture via catalytic steam gasification with bio-char catalysts (raw char, KOH-activated char and steam-activated char). Total gas yield for the prepared chars was in the order of KOH-activated char > steam-activated char > raw char, whereas, H2 selectivity was in the sequence of raw char > steam-activated char > KOH-activated char. Though KOH-activated char showed the highest gas yield, highest H2 selectivity was obtained at the gasification experiment with raw char due to the large amount of Ca and K and its reasonable surface area (146.89 m2/g). Although the activation of raw biochar results in the increase of gas yield, it has the negative effect on H2 generation due to the removal of alkali and alkaline earth metals for the KOH activated char and steam-activated char. This study shows that raw bio-char could be a potential solution for eco-friendly hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Farooq
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hoon Rhee
- Department of Mechanical and Information Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Im-Hack Lee
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - See Hoon Lee
- Deparment of Mineral Resource and Energy Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Chul Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57923, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Yuan D, Zhang K, Wang L, Jin L, Guo X, Zhang G. Gasification investigations of coal and biomass blends for high purity H2 production with carbon capture potential. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cortazar M, Santamaria L, Lopez G, Alvarez J, Amutio M, Bilbao J, Olazar M. Fe/olivine as primary catalyst in the biomass steam gasification in a fountain confined spouted bed reactor. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Shafiq I, Hussain M, Shafique S, Rashid R, Akhter P, Ahmed A, Jeon JK, Park YK. Oxidative desulfurization of refinery diesel pool fractions using LaVO4 photocatalyst. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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