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Paul N, Sultana Z, Fisher JJ, Maiti K, Smith R. Extracellular vesicles- crucial players in human pregnancy. Placenta 2023; 140:30-38. [PMID: 37531747 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bilayer enclosed membrane vesicles released by cells in physiological and pathological states. EVs are generated and released through a variety of pathways and mediate cellular communication by carrying and transferring signals to recipient cells. EVs are specifically loaded with proteins, nucleic acids (RNAs and DNA), enzymes and lipids, and carry a range of surface proteins and adhesion molecules. EVs contribute to intercellular signalling, development, metabolism, tissue homeostasis, antigen presentation, gene expression and immune regulation. EVs have been categorised into three different subgroups based on their size: exosomes (30-150 nm), microvesicles (100-1000 nm) and apoptotic bodies (1-5 μm). The status of the cells of origin of EVs influences their biology, heterogeneity and functions. EVs, especially exosomes, have been studied for their potential roles in feto-maternal communication and impacts on normal pregnancy and pregnancy disorders. This review presents an overview of EVs, emphasising exosomes and microvesicles in a general context, and then focusing on the roles of EVs in human pregnancy and their potential as diagnostics for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Paul
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, 2305, Australia.
| | - Zakia Sultana
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, 2305, Australia.
| | - Joshua J Fisher
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, 2305, Australia.
| | | | - Roger Smith
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, 2305, Australia.
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CAR-T-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Promising Development of CAR-T Anti-Tumor Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041052. [PMID: 36831396 PMCID: PMC9954490 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogenous population of plasma membrane-surrounded particles that are released in the extracellular milieu by almost all types of living cells. EVs are key players in intercellular crosstalk, both locally and systemically, given that they deliver their cargoes (consisting of proteins, lipids, mRNAs, miRNAs, and DNA fragments) to target cells, crossing biological barriers. Those mechanisms further trigger a wide range of biological responses. Interestingly, EV phenotypes and cargoes and, therefore, their functions, stem from their specific parental cells. For these reasons, EVs have been proposed as promising candidates for EV-based, cell-free therapies. One of the new frontiers of cell-based immunotherapy for the fight against refractory neoplastic diseases is represented by genetically engineered chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) lymphocytes, which in recent years have demonstrated their effectiveness by reaching commercialization and clinical application for some neoplastic diseases. CAR-T-derived EVs represent a recent promising development of CAR-T immunotherapy approaches. This crosscutting innovative strategy is designed to exploit the advantages of genetically engineered cell-based immunotherapy together with those of cell-free EVs, which in principle might be safer and more efficient in crossing biological and tumor-associated barriers. In this review, we underlined the potential of CAR-T-derived EVs as therapeutic agents in tumors.
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Liani R, Simeone PG, Tripaldi R, D'Ardes D, Creato V, Pepe R, Lessiani G, Bologna G, Cipollone F, Marchisio M, Lanuti P, Santilli F. Kinetics of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Over the 24-Hour Dosing Interval After Low-Dose Aspirin Administration in Patients at Cardiovascular Risk. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2023; 113:1096-1106. [PMID: 36749026 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles deriving from all cell types during cell activation, involved in transcellular communication, and regarded as predictors of vascular damage and of cardiovascular events. We tested the hypothesis that, in patients on chronic low-dose aspirin treatment for cardiovascular prevention, aspirin may affect the release of EVs within the 24-hour interval. We enrolled 84 patients, mostly at high or very high cardiovascular risk, on chronic low-dose aspirin treatment. The numbers of circulating EVs (cEVs) and annexinV+ cEVs (total, platelet-derived, endothelial-derived, and leucocyte-derived) were assessed immediately before, and after 10 and 24 hours of a witnessed aspirin administration. Platelet cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) recovery was characterized by measuring serum thromboxane B2 (sTXB2 ) at the same timepoints. Nine healthy participants were also enrolled. In patients, daily aspirin administration acutely inhibited after 10 hours following aspirin administrations the release of cEVs (total and leukocyte-derived) and annexinV+ cEVs (total, platelet-derived, endothelial-derived, and leukocyte-derived), with a rapid recovery at 24 hours. The inhibition after 10 hours suggests a COX-1-dependent mechanism. Interestingly, the slope of platelet-derived and of annexinV+ platelet-derived cEVs were both directly related to sTXB2 slope and COX-1 messenger RNA, raising the hypothesis that vice versa, cEVs may affect the rate of COX-1 recovery and the subsequent duration of aspirin effect. In healthy participants, no circadian difference was observed, except for leukocyte-derived cEVs. Our findings suggest a previously unappreciated effect of aspirin on the kinetics of a subset of cEVs possibly contributing to the cardioprotective effects of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Liani
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Giustina Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Romina Tripaldi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Damiano D'Ardes
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Valeria Creato
- Internal Medicine, Clinica Medica, SS. Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pepe
- Internal Medicine, Clinica Medica, SS. Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Bologna
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Cipollone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Santilli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
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Biagiotti S, Abbas F, Montanari M, Barattini C, Rossi L, Magnani M, Papa S, Canonico B. Extracellular Vesicles as New Players in Drug Delivery: A Focus on Red Blood Cells-Derived EVs. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020365. [PMID: 36839687 PMCID: PMC9961903 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The article is divided into several sections, focusing on extracellular vesicles' (EVs) nature, features, commonly employed methodologies and strategies for their isolation/preparation, and their characterization/visualization. This work aims to give an overview of advances in EVs' extensive nanomedical-drug delivery applications. Furthermore, considerations for EVs translation to clinical application are summarized here, before focusing the review on a special kind of extracellular vesicles, the ones derived from red blood cells (RBCEVs). Generally, employing EVs as drug carriers means managing entities with advantageous properties over synthetic vehicles or nanoparticles. Besides the fact that certain EVs also reveal intrinsic therapeutic characteristics, in regenerative medicine, EVs nanosize, lipidomic and proteomic profiles enable them to pass biologic barriers and display cell/tissue tropisms; indeed, EVs engineering can further optimize their organ targeting. In the second part of the review, we focus our attention on RBCEVs. First, we describe the biogenesis and composition of those naturally produced by red blood cells (RBCs) under physiological and pathological conditions. Afterwards, we discuss the current procedures to isolate and/or produce RBCEVs in the lab and to load a specific cargo for therapeutic exploitation. Finally, we disclose the most recent applications of RBCEVs at the in vitro and preclinical research level and their potential industrial exploitation. In conclusion, RBCEVs can be, in the near future, a very promising and versatile platform for several clinical applications and pharmaceutical exploitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Biagiotti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Faiza Abbas
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Mariele Montanari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Chiara Barattini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
- AcZon s.r.l., 40050 Monte San Pietro, BO, Italy
| | - Luigia Rossi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Stefano Papa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Barbara Canonico
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Serafini FL, Delli Pizzi A, Simeone P, Giammarino A, Mannetta C, Villani M, Izzi J, Buca D, Catitti G, Chiacchiaretta P, Trebeschi S, Miscia S, Caulo M, Lanuti P. Circulating Extracellular Vesicles: Their Role in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Undergoing EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416015. [PMID: 36555653 PMCID: PMC9782915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a frequent aortic disease. If the diameter of the aorta is larger than 5 cm, an open surgical repair (OSR) or an endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) are recommended. To prevent possible complications (i.e., endoleaks), EVAR-treated patients need to be monitored for 5 years following the intervention, using computed tomography angiography (CTA). However, this radiological method involves high radiation exposure in terms of CTA/year. In such a context, the study of peripheral-blood-circulating extracellular vesicles (pbcEVs) has great potential to identify biomarkers for EVAR complications. We analyzed several phenotypes of pbcEVs using polychromatic flow cytometry in 22 patients with AAA eligible for EVAR. From each enrolled patient, peripheral blood samples were collected at AAA diagnosis, and after 1, 6, and 12 months following EVAR implantation, i.e. during the diagnostic follow-up protocol. Patients developing an endoleak displayed a significant decrease in activated-platelet-derived EVs between the baseline condition and 6 months after EVAR intervention. Furthermore, we also observed, that 1 month after EVAR implantation, patients developing an endoleak showed higher concentrations of activated-endothelial-derived EVs than patients who did not develop one, suggesting their great potential as a noninvasive and specific biomarker for early identification of EVAR complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lorenzo Serafini
- Unit of Radiology, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Delli Pizzi
- Unit of Radiology, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.D.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Pasquale Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.D.P.); (P.S.)
| | | | - Cristian Mannetta
- Unit of Vascular Surgery, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Michela Villani
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Jacopo Izzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Davide Buca
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giulia Catitti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Piero Chiacchiaretta
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Trebeschi
- Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Massimo Caulo
- Unit of Radiology, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Buca D, D'Antonio F, Buca D, Di Sebastiano F, Simeone P, Di Girolamo R, Bologna G, Vespa S, Catitti G, Liberati M, Miscia S, Lanuti P. Extracellular Vesicles in pregnancy: Their potential role as a liquid biopsy. J Reprod Immunol 2022; 154:103734. [PMID: 36063658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived particles released during different pathophysiological processes, circulating in many body fluids and mediating the inter-cellular crosstalk. We have analyzed, for the first time, different EV phenotypes and concentrations in the peripheral blood of uncomplicated pregnant women. STUDY DESIGN In this prospective case-control study, uncomplicated singleton pregnant women at term (N = 59) and aged matched non-pregnant women (N = 21) were enrolled. Freshly drowned peripheral blood samples were stained for flow cytometry analyses of EVs. RESULTS EVs derived from platelets, leukocytes, endothelial and epithelial cells were identified and counted. Platelet-derived EVs were higher in pregnant compared to non-pregnant women, both in terms of absolute counts (2064.4 ± 1156.3 vs 701.1 ± 378.8; p < 0.0001) and percentages (27.6 ± 17.2 vs 10.7 ± 5.9; p < 0.0001). The opposite pattern was observed both for concentrations of endothelial-EV counts (525.8 ± 499.6 vs 844.7 ± 652.9; p = 0.007) and percentages (6.1 ± 5.5 vs 11.8 ± 8.0; p < 0.0001) and leukocyte-derived EV percentages (10.2 ± 7.4 vs 17.9 ± 11.2; p = 0.002) EVs. CONCLUSIONS Uncomplicated pregnancies are characterized by a specific EV signature. These cell-derived particles may therefore represent promising biomarkers of different pathological conditions complicating pregnancies, such as preeclampsia or preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Buca
- Center for Fetal Care and High-Risk Pregnancy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Francesco D'Antonio
- Center for Fetal Care and High-Risk Pregnancy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Davide Buca
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Francesca Di Sebastiano
- Center for Fetal Care and High-Risk Pregnancy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Di Girolamo
- Center for Fetal Care and High-Risk Pregnancy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Bologna
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Simone Vespa
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Giulia Catitti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Marco Liberati
- Center for Fetal Care and High-Risk Pregnancy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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Liani R, La Torre S, Liani V, Melchiorre A, D’Ettorre D, Tripaldi R, Lattanzio S, Di Luzio R, Coli M, Velussi C. Study of pulsed electrostatic field (PESF) in the perfusion of peripheral tissues: Microangiopathy, nutrition and quality of perceiver life. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268497. [PMID: 36107868 PMCID: PMC9477350 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microangiopathy compromises the structural and functional integrity of organs and tissues in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) negatively affecting the perceived quality of life. Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional signalling molecule, acting as a vasodilator, neurotransmitter, and modulator of inflammatory processes. Patients with type II diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, controlled from glycaemic status, were treated or not with pulsed electrostatic field (PESF) cycles to evaluate effect on the perfusion of peripheral tissues. Everyone was monitored for the metabolic profile, and we tested circulating NO with a commercial enzyme immunoassay kit. In addition, we tested the perceived quality of life of patients before/after a PESF cycle using a questionnaire. Patients treated with PESF were improved circulating NO levels, significant changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and were more homogeneous for their metabolic profile. The questionnaire showed also a marked improvement in the perceived quality of life. The use of pulsed electrostatic fields has allowed us to observe an improvement in the metabolic, psychological, and clinical profile in patients with T2DM and chronic kidney disease whose pathological profile is strongly compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Liani
- Department of Medicine and Aging, CAST_Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Sara La Torre
- Department of Medicine and Aging, CAST_Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Valentina Liani
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, "S. Massimo" Hospital, Penne, Italy
| | | | - Danilo D’Ettorre
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, "S. Massimo" Hospital, Penne, Italy
| | - Romina Tripaldi
- Department of Medicine and Aging, CAST_Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Lattanzio
- Department of Medicine and Aging, CAST_Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rossano Di Luzio
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, "S. Massimo" Hospital, Penne, Italy
| | - Mauro Coli
- Department of Economics, Institute of Statistics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Carlo Velussi
- Retired Associate Professor of Physiology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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8
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Dundar MA, Torun YA, Cetin F, Oz HT. Endothelium-derived Microparticles Are Increased in Teenagers With Cobalamin Deficiency. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 44:e918-e922. [PMID: 34387625 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin B 12 (cobalamin) deficiency may be a significant cause of hyperhomocysteinemia, and high homocysteine (Hcy) levels are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Endothelium-derived microparticles (EMPs) are a new marker in endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, which play a role in cardiovascular diseases' pathogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the EMPs, the markers of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, and lipid profile in teenagers with cobalamin deficiency. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study included 143 teenagers, 75 vitamin B 12 deficient patients and 68 healthy controls between 11 and 18 years of age. Routine laboratory tests, hemogram, vitamin B 12 , folic acid, ferritin, Hcy, lipid profile and EMPs were examined and compared. EMP subgroups were analyzed by flow cytometry method according to the expression of membrane-specific antigens. The microparticles released from the endothelium studied were VE-cadherin (CD144), S-endo1 (CD146), and Endoglin (CD105). RESULTS The present study demonstrates that circulating CD105+ EMP, CD144+ EMP, CD146+ EMPs, and Hcy were increased, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was reduced in teenagers with cobalamin deficiency. Vitamin B 12 showed a negative correlation with EMPs and Hcy, positive correlation with folate and HDL. All EMPs showed a significant positive correlation with triglyceride, vitamin B 12 , and HDL. CONCLUSION Vitamin B 12 deficiency may predispose to endothelial damage and atherosclerosis by increasing EMPs and harms lipid metabolism in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet A Dundar
- Division of Pediatric İntensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, Erciyes University
| | - Yasemin A Torun
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feyza Cetin
- Department of Microbiology, Medical Health University Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri
| | - Hatice T Oz
- Department of Microbiology, Medical Health University Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri
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Falasca K, Lanuti P, Ucciferri C, Pieragostino D, Cufaro MC, Bologna G, Federici L, Miscia S, Pontolillo M, Auricchio A, Del Boccio P, Marchisio M, Vecchiet J. Circulating extracellular vesicles as new inflammation marker in HIV infection. AIDS 2021; 35:595-604. [PMID: 33306552 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles, released by cell pullulation, are surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer and carry proteins as well and genetic material. It has been shown that extracellular vesicles mediate intercellular communication in several conditions, such as inflammation, immunodeficiency, tumor growth, and viral infections. Here, we analyzed circulating levels of extracellular vesicles in order to clarify their role in chronic inflammation mechanisms characterizing HIV patients. METHODS We analyzed and subtyped circulating levels of extracellular vesicles, through a recently developed flow cytometry method. In detail, endothelial-derived extracellular vesicles (CD31+/CD41a-/CD45-, EMVs), extracellular vesicles stemming from leukocytes (CD45+, LMVs) and platelets (CD41a+/CD31+) were identified and enumerated. Moreover, we analyzed the extracellular vesicle protein cargo with proteomic analysis. RESULTS Circulating levels of total extracellular vesicles, EMVs and LMVs were significantly lower in the HIV+ patients than in healthy subjects, whereas platelet-derived extracellular vesicles resulted higher in patients than in the healthy population. Proteomic analysis showed the upregulation of gammaIFN and IL1α, and down-regulation of OSM, NF-kB, LIF, and RXRA signaling resulted activated in this patients. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate, for the first time that HIV infection induces the production of extracellular vesicles containing mediators that possibly feed the chronic inflammation and the viral replication. These two effects are connected as the inflammation itself induces the viral replication. We, therefore, hypothesize that HIV infection inhibits the production of extracellular vesicles that carry anti-inflammatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Falasca
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)
| | - Claudio Ucciferri
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti
| | - Damiana Pieragostino
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences
| | - Maria Concetta Cufaro
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)
- Department of Pharmacy, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Bologna
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)
| | - Luca Federici
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)
| | - Michela Pontolillo
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti
| | - Antonio Auricchio
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti
| | - Piero Del Boccio
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)
- Department of Pharmacy, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)
| | - Jacopo Vecchiet
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti
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10
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Utility of novel T-cell-specific extracellular vesicles in monitoring and evaluation of acute GVHD. Int J Hematol 2021; 113:910-920. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-021-03113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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11
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Franzago M, Lanuti P, Fraticelli F, Marchioni M, Buca D, Di Nicola M, Liberati M, Miscia S, Stuppia L, Vitacolonna E. Biological insight into the extracellular vesicles in women with and without gestational diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:49-61. [PMID: 32335856 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder in pregnancy, with increasing prevalence worldwide and still unclear pathogenic mechanisms. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as potential biomarkers of disease-specific pathways in metabolic disorders, but their potential role in GDM is not fully understood. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the link between EVs and hyperglycaemia during pregnancy. METHODS We assessed 50 GDM women and 50 controls at the third trimester of pregnancy in whom we collected demographic characteristics and clinical and anthropometric parameters. In addition, the circulating total EVs (tEVs) and their subpopulations were assessed using flow cytometry. RESULTS The levels of tEVs and EVs subtypes, expressed as median and interquartile range, were not significantly different between two groups; however, adipocyte-derived EVs (aEVs) concentration, expressed as percentage, was higher in controls than in GDM women (p = 0.045). In addition, a significant correlation was observed between aEVs (%) and third trimester total cholesterol (p = 0.022) within the GDM group. Furthermore, a significant correlation between endothelial-derived EVs (eEVs) and platelet-derived EVs (pEVs) within both groups was found, as well as a significant relation between aEVs and pEVs. CONCLUSIONS These data, although preliminary, represent the starting point for further studies to determine the role of circulating EVs in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - P Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - F Fraticelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Marchioni
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - D Buca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Di Nicola
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Liberati
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - S Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - L Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - E Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
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12
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Grant D, Wanner N, Frimel M, Erzurum S, Asosingh K. Comprehensive phenotyping of endothelial cells using flow cytometry 2: Human. Cytometry A 2020; 99:257-264. [PMID: 33369145 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In vascular research, clinical samples and samples from animal models are often used together to foster translation of preclinical findings to humans. General concepts of endothelia and murine-specific endothelial phenotypes were discussed in part 1 of this two part series. Here, in part 2, we present a comprehensive overview of human-specific endothelial phenotypes. Pan-endothelial cell markers, organ specific endothelial antigens, and flow cytometric immunophenotyping of blood-borne endothelial cells are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillon Grant
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicholas Wanner
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew Frimel
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Serpil Erzurum
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kewal Asosingh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Flow Cytometry Core Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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13
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Marchisio M, Simeone P, Bologna G, Ercolino E, Pierdomenico L, Pieragostino D, Ventrella A, Antonini F, Del Zotto G, Vergara D, Celia C, Di Marzio L, Del Boccio P, Fontana A, Bosco D, Miscia S, Lanuti P. Flow Cytometry Analysis of Circulating Extracellular Vesicle Subtypes from Fresh Peripheral Blood Samples. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010048. [PMID: 33374539 PMCID: PMC7793062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by shedding during different physiological processes and are increasingly thought to be new potential biomarkers. However, the impact of pre-analytical processing phases on the final measurement is not predictable and for this reason, the translation of basic research into clinical practice has been precluded. Here we have optimized a simple procedure in combination with polychromatic flow cytometry (PFC), to identify, classify, enumerate, and separate circulating EVs from different cell origins. This protocol takes advantage of a lipophilic cationic dye (LCD) able to probe EVs. Moreover, the application of the newly optimized PFC protocol here described allowed the obtainment of repeatable EVs counts. The translation of this PFC protocol to fluorescence-activated cell sorting allowed us to separate EVs from fresh peripheral blood samples. Sorted EVs preparations resulted particularly suitable for proteomic analyses, which we applied to study their protein cargo. Here we show that LCD staining allowed PFC detection and sorting of EVs from fresh body fluids, avoiding pre-analytical steps of enrichment that could impact final results. Therefore, LCD staining is an essential step towards the assessment of EVs clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.M.); (P.S.); (G.B.); (E.E.); (L.P.); (P.L.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.D.B.)
| | - Pasquale Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.M.); (P.S.); (G.B.); (E.E.); (L.P.); (P.L.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.D.B.)
| | - Giuseppina Bologna
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.M.); (P.S.); (G.B.); (E.E.); (L.P.); (P.L.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.D.B.)
| | - Eva Ercolino
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.M.); (P.S.); (G.B.); (E.E.); (L.P.); (P.L.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.D.B.)
| | - Laura Pierdomenico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.M.); (P.S.); (G.B.); (E.E.); (L.P.); (P.L.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.D.B.)
| | - Damiana Pieragostino
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.D.B.)
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessia Ventrella
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.V.); (C.C.); (L.D.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Francesca Antonini
- Department of Research and Diagnostics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (F.A.); (G.D.Z.)
| | - Genny Del Zotto
- Department of Research and Diagnostics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (F.A.); (G.D.Z.)
| | - Daniele Vergara
- Laboratory of Clinical Proteomics, “Giovanni Paolo II” Hospital, 73100 ASL-Lecce, Italy;
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Christian Celia
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.V.); (C.C.); (L.D.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Luisa Di Marzio
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.V.); (C.C.); (L.D.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Piero Del Boccio
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.D.B.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.V.); (C.C.); (L.D.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Antonella Fontana
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.V.); (C.C.); (L.D.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Domenico Bosco
- Department of Biomorphological Science, Molecular Genetic Institute, Italian National Research Council, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.M.); (P.S.); (G.B.); (E.E.); (L.P.); (P.L.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.D.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0871541391
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.M.); (P.S.); (G.B.); (E.E.); (L.P.); (P.L.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.D.B.)
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Dekker M, Waissi F, Timmerman N, Silvis MJM, Timmers L, de Kleijn DPV. Extracellular Vesicles in Diagnosing Chronic Coronary Syndromes the Bumpy Road to Clinical Implementation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9128. [PMID: 33266227 PMCID: PMC7729611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD), comprising both acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and chronic coronary syndromes (CCS), remains one of the most important killers throughout the entire world. ACS is often quickly diagnosed by either deviation on an electrocardiogram or elevated levels of troponin, but CCS appears to be more complicated. The most used noninvasive strategies to diagnose CCS are coronary computed tomography and perfusion imaging. Although both show reasonable accuracy (80-90%), these modalities are becoming more and more subject of debate due to costs, radiation and increasing inappropriate use in low-risk patients. A reliable, blood-based biomarker is not available for CCS but would be of great clinical importance. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bilayer membrane vesicles containing bioactive contents e.g., proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. EVs are often referred to as the "liquid biopsy" since their contents reflect changes in the condition of the cell they originate from. Although EVs are studied extensively for their role as biomarkers in the cardiovascular field during the last decade, they are still not incorporated into clinical practice in this field. This review provides an overview on EV biomarkers in CCS and discusses the clinical and technological aspects important for successful clinical application of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirthe Dekker
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.D.); (F.W.); (N.T.)
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Mijbergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Farahnaz Waissi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.D.); (F.W.); (N.T.)
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Mijbergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Timmerman
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.D.); (F.W.); (N.T.)
| | - Max J. M. Silvis
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Leo Timmers
- Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands;
| | - Dominique P. V. de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.D.); (F.W.); (N.T.)
- Netherlands Heart Institute, 3511 EP Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Diameters and Fluorescence Calibration for Extracellular Vesicle Analyses by Flow Cytometry. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217885. [PMID: 33114229 PMCID: PMC7660682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in the intercellular crosstalk. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs (MSC-EVs), displaying promising therapeutic roles, contribute to the strong rationale for developing EVs as an alternative therapeutic option. EV analysis still represents one of the major issues to be solved in order to translate the use of MSC-EV detection in clinical settings. Even if flow cytometry (FC) has been largely applied for EV studies, the lack of consensus on protocols for FC detection of EVs generated controversy. Standard FC procedures, based on scatter measurements, only allows the detection of the “tip of the iceberg” of all EVs. We applied an alternative FC approach based on the use of a trigger threshold on a fluorescence channel. The EV numbers obtained by the application of the fluorescence triggering resulted significantly higher in respect to them obtained from the same samples acquired by placing the threshold on the side scatter (SSC) channel. The analysis of EV concentrations carried out by three different standardized flow cytometers allowed us to achieve a high level of reproducibility (CV < 20%). By applying the here-reported method highly reproducible results in terms of EV analysis and concentration measurements were obtained.
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16
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Extracellular Vesicles as Signaling Mediators and Disease Biomarkers across Biological Barriers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072514. [PMID: 32260425 PMCID: PMC7178048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles act as shuttle vectors or signal transducers that can deliver specific biological information and have progressively emerged as key regulators of organized communities of cells within multicellular organisms in health and disease. Here, we survey the evolutionary origin, general characteristics, and biological significance of extracellular vesicles as mediators of intercellular signaling, discuss the various subtypes of extracellular vesicles thus far described and the principal methodological approaches to their study, and review the role of extracellular vesicles in tumorigenesis, immunity, non-synaptic neural communication, vascular-neural communication through the blood-brain barrier, renal pathophysiology, and embryo-fetal/maternal communication through the placenta.
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17
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Extracellular Vesicles in Feto-Maternal Crosstalk and Pregnancy Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062120. [PMID: 32204473 PMCID: PMC7139847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) actively participate in inter-cellular crosstalk and have progressively emerged as key players of organized communities of cells within multicellular organisms in health and disease. For these reasons, EVs are attracting the attention of many investigators across different biomedical fields. In this scenario, the possibility to study specific placental-derived EVs in the maternal peripheral blood may open novel perspectives in the development of new early biomarkers for major obstetric pathological conditions. Here we reviewed the involvement of EVs in feto–maternal crosstalk mechanisms, both in physiological and pathological conditions (preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm labor, gestational diabetes mellitus), also underlining the usefulness of EV characterization in maternal–fetal medicine.
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18
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Extracellular Vesicles Involvement in the Modulation of the Glioblastoma Environment. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:3961735. [PMID: 32411235 PMCID: PMC7204270 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3961735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most deadly primary brain tumour and is a paradigmatic example of heterogeneous cancer. Although expanding data propose the phenotypic plasticity exhibited by glioblastoma cells, as a critical feature involved in the tumour development and posttherapy recurrence, the central machinery responsible for their aggressiveness remains elusive. Despite decades of research, the complex biology of the glioblastoma is still unknown. Progress in genetic and epigenetic discoveries has improved diagnostic classification, prognostic information, and therapeutic planning. In the complex model of intercellular signalling, several studies have shown that extracellular vesicles have a key role in the intercellular communication among GBM cells and the tumour microenvironment modulation. The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of the EV-mediated intercellular crosstalk in the glioblastoma physiopathology.
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Tripathi D, Biswas B, Manhas A, Singh A, Goyal D, Gaestel M, Jagavelu K. Proinflammatory Effect of Endothelial Microparticles Is Mitochondria Mediated and Modulated Through MAPKAPK2 (MAPK-Activated Protein Kinase 2) Leading to Attenuation of Cardiac Hypertrophy. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 39:1100-1112. [PMID: 31070456 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective- This study investigates the functional significance of mitochondria present in endothelial microparticles (EMP) and how MK2 (MAPKAPK2 [MAPK-activated protein kinase 2]) governs EMP production and its physiological effect on cardiac hypertrophy. Approach and Results- Flow cytometric analysis, confocal imaging, oxygen consumption rate measurement through Seahorse were used to confirm the presence of functionally active mitochondria in nontreated EMP (EMP derived from untreated control cells), lipopolysaccharide, and oligomycin treatment increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species activity in EMP (EMP derived from cells treated with lipopolysaccharide and EMP derived from cells treated with oligomycin, respectively). The dysfunctional mitochondria contained in EMP derived from cells treated with lipopolysaccharide and EMP derived from cells treated with oligomycin induced the expression of proinflammatory mediators in the target endothelial cells leading to the augmented adhesion of human monocytic cell line on EA.hy926 cells. Multiphoton real-time imaging detected the increased adherence of EMP derived from cells treated with oligomycin at the site of carotid artery injury as compared to EMP derived from untreated control cells. MK2 regulates EMP generation during inflammation by reducing E-selectin expression and regulating the cytoskeleton rearrangement through ROCK-2 (Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2) pathway. MK2-deficient EMP reduced the E-selectin and ICAM-1 (intracellular adhesion molecule-1) expression on target endothelial cells leading to reduced monocyte attachment and reduced cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Conclusions- MK2 promotes the proinflammatory effect of EMP mediated through dysfunctional mitochondria. MK2 modulates the inflammatory effect induced during cardiac hypertrophy through EMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Tripathi
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India (D.T., B.B., A.M., A.S., D.G., K.J.).,Academy of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India (D.T., A.M., A.S., K.J.)
| | - Bharti Biswas
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India (D.T., B.B., A.M., A.S., D.G., K.J.)
| | - Amit Manhas
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India (D.T., B.B., A.M., A.S., D.G., K.J.).,Academy of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India (D.T., A.M., A.S., K.J.)
| | - Abhinav Singh
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India (D.T., B.B., A.M., A.S., D.G., K.J.).,Academy of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India (D.T., A.M., A.S., K.J.)
| | - Dipika Goyal
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India (D.T., B.B., A.M., A.S., D.G., K.J.)
| | - Matthias Gaestel
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany (M.G.)
| | - Kumaravelu Jagavelu
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India (D.T., B.B., A.M., A.S., D.G., K.J.).,Academy of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India (D.T., A.M., A.S., K.J.)
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Brocco D, Lanuti P, Simeone P, Bologna G, Pieragostino D, Cufaro MC, Graziano V, Peri M, Di Marino P, De Tursi M, Grassadonia A, Rapposelli IG, Pierdomenico L, Ercolino E, Ciccocioppo F, Del Boccio P, Marchisio M, Natoli C, Miscia S, Tinari N. Circulating Cancer Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Biomarker for Clinical Outcome Evaluation. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:5879616. [PMID: 31827511 PMCID: PMC6885781 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5879616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The recent introduction of the "precision medicine" concept in oncology pushed cancer research to focus on dynamic measurable biomarkers able to predict responses to novel anticancer therapies in order to improve clinical outcomes. Recently, the involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cancer pathophysiology has been described, and given their release from all cell types under specific stimuli, EVs have also been proposed as potential biomarkers in cancer. Among the techniques used to study EVs, flow cytometry has a high clinical potential. Here, we have applied a recently developed and simplified flow cytometry method for circulating EV enumeration, subtyping, and isolation from a large cohort of metastatic and locally advanced nonhaematological cancer patients (N = 106); samples from gender- and age-matched healthy volunteers were also analysed. A large spectrum of cancer-related markers was used to analyse differences in terms of peripheral blood circulating EV phenotypes between patients and healthy volunteers, as well as their correlation to clinical outcomes. Finally, EVs from patients and controls were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and their protein cargoes were analysed by proteomics. Results demonstrated that EV counts were significantly higher in cancer patients than in healthy volunteers, as previously reported. More interestingly, results also demonstrated that cancer patients presented higher concentrations of circulating CD31+ endothelial-derived and tumour cancer stem cell-derived CD133 + CD326- EVs, when compared to healthy volunteers. Furthermore, higher levels of CD133 + CD326- EVs showed a significant correlation with a poor overall survival. Additionally, proteomics analysis of EV cargoes demonstrated disparities in terms of protein content and function between circulating EVs in cancer patients and healthy controls. Overall, our data strongly suggest that blood circulating cancer stem cell-derived EVs may have a role as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Brocco
- Clinical Oncology Unit, SS Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - P. Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - P. Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - G. Bologna
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - D. Pieragostino
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Laboratory, Chieti, Italy
| | - M. C. Cufaro
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Laboratory, Chieti, Italy
| | - V. Graziano
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Gabriele D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - M. Peri
- Clinical Oncology Unit, SS Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - P. Di Marino
- Clinical Oncology Unit, SS Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - M. De Tursi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Gabriele D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - A. Grassadonia
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Gabriele D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - I. G. Rapposelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - L. Pierdomenico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - E. Ercolino
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - F. Ciccocioppo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - P. Del Boccio
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Laboratory, Chieti, Italy
| | - M. Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - C. Natoli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Gabriele D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - S. Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University “G. D'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - N. Tinari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Gabriele D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
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Detection and Quantification of eDNA-Associated Bacterial Membrane Vesicles by Flow Cytometry. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215307. [PMID: 31731390 PMCID: PMC6862651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria generate membrane vesicles, which are structures known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), reported to be involved in different pathogenic mechanisms, as it has been demonstrated that EVs participate in biofilm formation, cell-to-cell communication, bacteria–host interactions, and nutrients supply. EVs deliver nucleic acids, proteins, and polysaccharides. It has been reported that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri), of both planktonic and biofilm phenotypes, produce EVs carrying extracellular DNA (eDNA). Here, we used polychromatic flow cytometry (PFC) to identify, enumerate, and characterize EVs as well as the eDNA-delivering EV compartment in the biofilm and planktonic phenotypes of H.pylori ATCC 43629 and L. reuteri DSM 17938. Biofilm formation was demonstrated and analyzed by fluorescence microscopy, using a classical live/dead staining protocol. The enumeration of EVs and the detection of eDNA-associated EVs were performed by PFC, analyzing both whole samples (cells plus vesicles) and EVs isolated by ultracentrifugation confirm EVs isolated by ultracentrifugation. PFC analysis was performed relying on a known-size beaded system and a mix of three different fluorescent tracers. In detail, the whole EV compartment was stained by a lipophilic cationic dye (LCD), which was combined to PKH26 and PicoGreen that selectively stain lipids and DNA, respectively. Fluorescence microscopy results displayed that both H. pylori and L. reuteri produced well-structured biofilms. PFC data highlighted that, in both detected bacterial species, biofilms produced higher EVs counts when paralleled to the related planktonic phenotypes. Furthermore, the staining with PicoGreen showed that most of the generated vesicles were associated with eDNA. These data suggest that the use of PFC, set according to the parameters here described, allows for the study of the production of eDNA-associated EVs in different microbial species in the same or several phases of growth, thus opening new perspectives in the study of microbial derived EVs in clinical samples.
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Pieragostino D, Lanuti P, Cicalini I, Cufaro MC, Ciccocioppo F, Ronci M, Simeone P, Onofrj M, van der Pol E, Fontana A, Marchisio M, Del Boccio P. Proteomics characterization of extracellular vesicles sorted by flow cytometry reveals a disease-specific molecular cross-talk from cerebrospinal fluid and tears in multiple sclerosis. J Proteomics 2019; 204:103403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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23
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Ciccocioppo F, Lanuti P, Pierdomenico L, Simeone P, Bologna G, Ercolino E, Buttari F, Fantozzi R, Thomas A, Onofrj M, Centonze D, Miscia S, Marchisio M. The Characterization of Regulatory T-Cell Profiles in Alzheimer's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8788. [PMID: 31217537 PMCID: PMC6584558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) are a T-lymphocyte subset involved in the maintenance of immune peripheral tolerance. Despite evidence of the adaptive immune system's role in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the involvement of Tregs is still not clear. We focused on the Flow-Cytometry analysis of the Treg frequencies and phenotypes in the AD. The aim of the study is to analyse similarities and differences in Tregs profile between Alzheimer's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis. Regulatory T Cells (CD4+/CD25high/CD127low-neg) were identified using an innovative Flow Cytometry method and subtyped as Resting (analysed CD45RApos/CD25dim), Activated (CD45RAneg/CD25bright) and Secreting (CD45RAneg/CD25dim) cells. Our data demonstrate a significant decrease in the total and Resting Tregs in AD patients when compared to healthy subjects. The percentage of the results of the Resting Tregs were also reduced in MS patients together with a parallel frequency increase of Activated Tregs. Our data suggest that altered Treg phenotypes observed in both diseases could play a role in the impairment of the Treg-mediated immunological tolerance, recalling a possible link between the two pathologies. Given that this study was conducted on a restricted population, if confirmed by a further and enlarged study, the implications of the autoimmune mechanisms in AD pathophysiology could open new immunotherapeutic perspectives based on Treg modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausta Ciccocioppo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Laura Pierdomenico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Pasquale Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Bologna
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Eva Ercolino
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Fabio Buttari
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, (IS), Italy
| | | | - Astrid Thomas
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Marco Onofrj
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, (IS), Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
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24
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Morabito C, Lanuti P, Caprara GA, Marchisio M, Bizzarri M, Guarnieri S, Mariggiò MA. Physiological Responses of Jurkat Lymphocytes to Simulated Microgravity Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081892. [PMID: 30999563 PMCID: PMC6515345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of microgravity conditions deeply affects the human body functions at the systemic, organ and cellular levels. This study aimed to investigate the effects induced by simulated-microgravity on non-stimulated Jurkat lymphocytes, an immune cell phenotype considered as a biosensor of the body responses, in order to depict at the cellular level the effects of such a peculiar condition. Jurkat cells were grown at 1 g or on random positioning machine simulating microgravity. On these cells we performed: morphological, cell cycle and proliferation analyses using cytofluorimetric and staining protocols—intracellular Ca2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondria membrane potential and O2− measurements using fluorescent probes—aconitase and mitochondria activity, glucose and lactate content using colorimetric assays. After the first exposure days, the cells showed a more homogeneous roundish shape, an increased proliferation rate, metabolic and detoxifying activity resulted in decreased intracellular Ca2+ and ROS. In the late exposure time, the cells adapted to the new environmental condition. Our non-activated proliferating Jurkat cells, even if responsive to altered external forces, adapted to the new environmental condition showing a healthy status. In order to define the cellular mechanism(s) triggered by microgravity, developing standardized experimental approaches and controlled cell culture and simulator conditions is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Morabito
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Centro Scienze dell' Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Centro Scienze dell' Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Giusy A Caprara
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Centro Scienze dell' Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Mariano Bizzarri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 06100 Rome, Italy.
| | - Simone Guarnieri
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Centro Scienze dell' Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Maria A Mariggiò
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Centro Scienze dell' Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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25
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Burchardt P, Farinacci M, Mayer M, Luecke K, Krahn T, Manczak J, Slomczynski M, Hiczkiewicz J, Rzezniczak J. Characteristics of circulating endothelial cells obtained from non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with additional diastolic dysfunction of left ventricle observed in echocardiography. Cardiol J 2018; 27:295-302. [PMID: 30234891 DOI: 10.5603/cj.a2018.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating endothelial cells (CEC) may be used to find new strategies for the early di-agnosis of cardiovascular diseases. The major objective of the project is to broaden knowledge of CEC biology by determining their phenotypic characteristics. The additional aim is to clarify whether on the basis of these information it is possible to identify the origin of CEC release (from various cardiovascular compartments). METHODS Circulating endothelial cells were collected from arterial blood prior to angiography, as well as from arterial and venous blood obtained after angiography/coronary angioplasty, from 18 patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). CECs were quantified by flow cytometry and defined as Syto16 (dye)+, CD45dim/neg, CD31+ and CD146+. The additional CD36+ was establish as a marker of endothelial cells released from small vessels of the microcirculation. RESULTS The total number of CECs increased significantly after the percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in the arterial system. Number of CECs isolated at similar time points (after invasive procedure) did not differ significantly between arteries and veins, but the number of CD36+ CECs after coronary angioplasty was significantly higher in the venous system, than in the arterial system. CONCLUSIONS The number of CD36+ in artery samples obtained after coronary angioplasty (PTCA) had tendency to be decreased (in comparison to the sample obtained before angiography). It was major difference between those who had PTCA performed vs. those who had not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Burchardt
- Biology of Lipid Disorders Department, Chair of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland. .,Department of Cardiology, J. Strus Hospital, Szwajcarska 3, 61-285 Poznan, Poland. .,Department of Cardiology, Hospital of Nowa Sol, Poland.
| | - Maura Farinacci
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Berlin-Brandenburg Center für Regenerative Therapies, Core Unit Biomarker, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Klaus Luecke
- HaimaChek Inc, Santa Monica, Santa Monica, CA,, United States
| | | | - Jaroslaw Manczak
- Department of Cardiology, J. Strus Hospital, Szwajcarska 3, 61-285 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Slomczynski
- Department of Cardiology, J. Strus Hospital, Szwajcarska 3, 61-285 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Janusz Rzezniczak
- Department of Cardiology, J. Strus Hospital, Szwajcarska 3, 61-285 Poznan, Poland
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26
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Ho H, Both MD, Siniard A, Sharma S, Notwell JH, Wallace M, Leone DP, Nguyen A, Zhao E, Lee H, Zwilling D, Thompson KR, Braithwaite SP, Huentelman M, Portmann T. A Guide to Single-Cell Transcriptomics in Adult Rodent Brain: The Medium Spiny Neuron Transcriptome Revisited. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:159. [PMID: 29970990 PMCID: PMC6018757 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in single-cell technologies are paving the way to a comprehensive understanding of the cellular complexity in the brain. Protocols for single-cell transcriptomics combine a variety of sophisticated methods for the purpose of isolating the heavily interconnected and heterogeneous neuronal cell types in a relatively intact and healthy state. The emphasis of single-cell transcriptome studies has thus far been on comparing library generation and sequencing techniques that enable measurement of the minute amounts of starting material from a single cell. However, in order for data to be comparable, standardized cell isolation techniques are essential. Here, we analyzed and simplified methods for the different steps critically involved in single-cell isolation from brain. These include enzymatic digestion, tissue trituration, improved methods for efficient fluorescence-activated cell sorting in samples containing high degree of debris from the neuropil, and finally, highly region-specific cellular labeling compatible with use of stereotaxic coordinates. The methods are exemplified using medium spiny neurons (MSN) from dorsomedial striatum, a cell type that is clinically relevant for disorders of the basal ganglia, including psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. We present single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) data from D1 and D2 dopamine receptor expressing MSN subtypes. We illustrate the need for single-cell resolution by comparing to available population-based gene expression data of striatal MSN subtypes. Our findings contribute toward standardizing important steps of single-cell isolation from adult brain tissue to increase comparability of data. Furthermore, our data redefine the transcriptome of MSNs at unprecedented resolution by confirming established marker genes, resolving inconsistencies from previous gene expression studies, and identifying novel subtype-specific marker genes in this important cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanson Ho
- Circuit Therapeutics, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Matt De Both
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Ashley Siniard
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Sasha Sharma
- Circuit Therapeutics, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Dino P Leone
- Circuit Therapeutics, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Amy Nguyen
- Circuit Therapeutics, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Eric Zhao
- Circuit Therapeutics, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Hannah Lee
- Circuit Therapeutics, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Matthew Huentelman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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27
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Baldassarre MPA, Andersen A, Consoli A, Knop FK, Vilsbøll T. Cardiovascular biomarkers in clinical studies of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018; 20:1350-1360. [PMID: 29419909 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
When planning cardiovascular (CV) studies in type 2 diabetes (T2D), selection of CV biomarkers is a complex issue. Because the pathophysiology of CV disease (CVD) in T2D is multifactorial, ideally, the selected CV biomarkers should cover all aspects of the known pathophysiology of the disease. This will allow the researcher to distinguish between effects on different aspects of the pathophysiology. To this end, we discuss a host of biomarkers grouped according to their role in the pathogenesis of CVD, namely: (1) cardiac damage biomarkers; (2) inflammatory biomarkers; and (3) novel biomarkers (oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers). Within each category we present the best currently validated biomarkers, with special focus on the population of interest (people with T2D). For each individual biomarker, we discuss the physiological role, validation in the general population and in people with T2D, analytical methodology, modifying factors, effects of glucose-lowering drugs, and interpretation. This approach will provide clinical researchers with the information necessary for planning, conducting and interpreting results from clinical trials. Furthermore, a systematic approach to selection of CV biomarkers in T2D research will improve the quality of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P A Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
- Aging and Translational Medicine Research Center, CeSI-Met, G. d'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Andreas Andersen
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Agostino Consoli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
- Aging and Translational Medicine Research Center, CeSI-Met, G. d'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Filip K Knop
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tina Vilsbøll
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Lanuti P, Simeone P, Rotta G, Almici C, Avvisati G, Azzaro R, Bologna G, Budillon A, Di Cerbo M, Di Gennaro E, Di Martino ML, Diodato A, Doretto P, Ercolino E, Falda A, Gregorj C, Leone A, Losa F, Malara N, Marini M, Mastroroberto P, Mollace V, Morelli M, Muggianu E, Musolino G, Neva A, Pierdomenico L, Pinna S, Piovani G, Roca MS, Russo D, Scotti L, Tirindelli MC, Trunzo V, Venturella R, Vitagliano C, Zullo F, Marchisio M, Miscia S. A standardized flow cytometry network study for the assessment of circulating endothelial cell physiological ranges. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5823. [PMID: 29643468 PMCID: PMC5895616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24234-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating endothelial cells (CEC) represent a restricted peripheral blood (PB) cell subpopulation with high potential diagnostic value in many endothelium-involving diseases. However, whereas the interest in CEC studies has grown, the standardization level of their detection has not. Here, we undertook the task to align CEC phenotypes and counts, by standardizing a novel flow cytometry approach, within a network of six laboratories. CEC were identified as alive/nucleated/CD45negative/CD34bright/CD146positive events and enumerated in 269 healthy PB samples. Standardization was demonstrated by the achievement of low inter-laboratory Coefficients of Variation (CVL), calculated on the basis of Median Fluorescence Intensity values of the most stable antigens that allowed CEC identification and count (CVL of CD34bright on CEC ~ 30%; CVL of CD45 on Lymphocytes ~ 20%). By aggregating data acquired from all sites, CEC numbers in the healthy population were captured (medianfemale = 9.31 CEC/mL; medianmale = 11.55 CEC/mL). CEC count biological variability and method specificity were finally assessed. Results, obtained on a large population of donors, demonstrate that the established procedure might be adopted as standardized method for CEC analysis in clinical and in research settings, providing a CEC physiological baseline range, useful as starting point for their clinical monitoring in endothelial dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Pasquale Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | | | - Camillo Almici
- Laboratory for Stem Cells Manipulation and Cryopreservation, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Avvisati
- Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation, Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Roma, Italy
| | - Rosa Azzaro
- Transfusion Service, Department of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Bologna
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Department of Research, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Melania Di Cerbo
- Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation, Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Roma, Italy
| | - Elena Di Gennaro
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Department of Research, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Di Martino
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Sciences "M. Aresu", University of Cagliari Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Annamaria Diodato
- Transfusion Service, Department of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Doretto
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, AAS5, Pordenone Hospital, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Eva Ercolino
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Falda
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, AAS5, Pordenone Hospital, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Chiara Gregorj
- Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation, Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandra Leone
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Department of Research, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Losa
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Sciences "M. Aresu", University of Cagliari Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Natalia Malara
- Department of Health Science University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mirella Marini
- Laboratory for Stem Cells Manipulation and Cryopreservation, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pasquale Mastroroberto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Science University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Morelli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emma Muggianu
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Sciences "M. Aresu", University of Cagliari Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musolino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Arabella Neva
- Laboratory for Stem Cells Manipulation and Cryopreservation, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Pierdomenico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Silvia Pinna
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Sciences "M. Aresu", University of Cagliari Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Piovani
- Department Molecular Medicine and Translational, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maria Serena Roca
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Department of Research, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Domenico Russo
- Unit of Blood Diseases and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lorenza Scotti
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Tirindelli
- Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation, Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Roma, Italy
| | - Valentina Trunzo
- Department of Health Science University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Venturella
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carlo Vitagliano
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Department of Research, Istituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Fulvio Zullo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Centre on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
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Santilli F, Marchisio M, Lanuti P, Boccatonda A, Miscia S, Davì G. Microparticles as new markers of cardiovascular risk in diabetes and beyond. Thromb Haemost 2018; 116:220-34. [DOI: 10.1160/th16-03-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe term microparticle (MP) identifies a heterogeneous population of vesicles playing a relevant role in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases, cancer and metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. MPs are released by virtually all cell types by shedding during cell growth, proliferation, activation, apoptosis or senescence processes. MPs, in particular platelet- and endothelial-derived MPs (PMPs and EMPs), are increased in a wide range of thrombotic disorders, with an interesting relationship between their levels and disease pathophysiology, activity or progression. EMP plasma levels have been associated with several cardiovascular diseases and risk factors. PMPs are also shown to be involved in the progressive formation of atherosclerotic plaque and development of arterial thrombosis, especially in diabetic patients. Indeed, diabetes is characterised by an increased procoagulant state and by a hyperreactive platelet phenotype, with enhanced adhesion, aggregation, and activation. Elevated MP levels, such as TF+ MPs, have been shown to be one of the procoagulant determinants in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerotic plaque constitutes an opulent source of sequestered MPs, called “plaque” MPs. Otherwise, circulating MPs represent a TF reservoir, named “blood-borne” TF, challenging the dogma that TF is a constitutive protein expressed in minute amounts. “Blood-borne” TF is mainly harboured by PMPs, and it can be trapped within the developing thrombus. MP detection and enumeration by polychromatic flow cytometry (PFC) have opened interesting perspectives in clinical settings, particularly for the evaluation of MP numbers and phenotypes as independent marker of cardiovascular risk, disease and outcome in diabetic patients.
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Zhou F, Zhou Y, Yang M, Wen J, Dong J, Tan W. Optimized multiparametric flow cytometric analysis of circulating endothelial cells and their subpopulations in peripheral blood of patients with solid tumors: a technical analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:447-464. [PMID: 29563835 PMCID: PMC5846315 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s157837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and their subpopulations could be potential novel biomarkers for various malignancies. However, reliable enumerable methods are warranted to further improve their clinical utility. This study aimed to optimize a flow cytometric method (FCM) assay for CECs and subpopulations in peripheral blood for patients with solid cancers. Patients and methods An FCM assay was used to detect and identify CECs. A panel of 60 blood samples, including 44 metastatic cancer patients and 16 healthy controls, were used in this study. Some key issues of CEC enumeration, including sample material and anticoagulant selection, optimal titration of antibodies, lysis/wash procedures of blood sample preparation, conditions of sample storage, sufficient cell events to enhance the signal, fluorescence-minus-one controls instead of isotype controls to reduce background noise, optimal selection of cell surface markers, and evaluating the reproducibility of our method, were integrated and investigated. Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to determine statistically significant differences. Results In this validation study, we refined a five-color FCM method to detect CECs and their subpopulations in peripheral blood of patients with solid tumors. Several key technical issues regarding preanalytical elements, FCM data acquisition, and analysis were addressed. Furthermore, we clinically validated the utility of our method. The baseline levels of mature CECs, endothelial progenitor cells, and activated CECs were higher in cancer patients than healthy subjects (P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in resting CEC levels between healthy subjects and cancer patients (P=0.193). Conclusion We integrated and comprehensively addressed significant technical issues found in previously published assays and validated the reproducibility and sensitivity of our proposed method. Future work is required to explore the potential of our optimized method in clinical oncologic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaying Zhou
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinli Wen
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyong Tan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Pernomian L, Moreira JD, Gomes MS. In the View of Endothelial Microparticles: Novel Perspectives for Diagnostic and Pharmacological Management of Cardiovascular Risk during Diabetes Distress. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:9685205. [PMID: 29862304 PMCID: PMC5971276 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9685205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute or chronic exposure to diabetes-related stressors triggers a specific psychological and behavior stress syndrome called diabetes distress, which underlies depressive symptoms in most diabetic patients. Distressed and/or depressive diabetic adults exhibit higher rates of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, which have been correlated to macrovascular complications evoked by diabetic behavior stress. Recent experimental findings clearly point out that oxidative stress accounts for the vascular dysfunction initiated by the exposure to life stressors in diabetic conditions. Moreover, oxidative stress has been described as the main autocrine and paracrine mechanism of cardiovascular damage induced by endothelial microparticles (anuclear ectosomal microvesicles released from injured endothelial cells) in diabetic subjects. Such robust relationship between oxidative stress and cardiovascular diseases strongly suggests a critical role for endothelial microparticles as the primer messengers of the redox-dependent vascular dysfunction underlying diabetes distress. Here, we provide novel perspectives opened in the view of endothelial microparticles as promising diagnostic and pharmacotherapeutic biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in distressed diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Pernomian
- Department of Biosciences Applied to Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences from Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jôsimar Dornelas Moreira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mayara Santos Gomes
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences from Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Shantsila E, Montoro-García S, Gallego P, Lip GYH. Circulating microparticles: challenges and perspectives of flow cytometric assessment. Thromb Haemost 2017; 111:1009-14. [DOI: 10.1160/th13-11-0937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SummaryCirculating blood microparticles are likely to play a significant role as messengers of biological information. Their accurate quantification and characterisation is challenging and needs to be carefully designed with preferable usage of fresh minimally-processed blood samples. Utilisation of flow cytometers specifically designed for analysis of small-size particles is likely to provide considerable methodological advantages and should be the preferable option. This viewpoint manuscript provides a critical summary of the key methodological aspects of microparticle analysis.Note: The review process for this viewpoint article was fully handled by Christian Weber, Editor in Chief.
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Di Tomo P, Lanuti P, Di Pietro N, Baldassarre MPA, Marchisio M, Pandolfi A, Consoli A, Formoso G. Liraglutide mitigates TNF-α induced pro-atherogenic changes and microvesicle release in HUVEC from diabetic women. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2017; 33. [PMID: 28753251 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate whether exposure to GLP-1 receptor agonist Liraglutide could modulate pro-atherogenic alterations previously observed in endothelial cells obtained by women affected by gestational diabetes (GD), thus exposed in vivo to hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation and to evaluate endothelial microvesicle (EMV) release, a new reliable biomarker of vascular stress/damage. METHODS We studied Liraglutide effects and its plausible molecular mechanisms on monocyte cell adhesion and adhesion molecule expression and membrane exposure in control (C-) human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as well as in HUVEC of women affected by GD exposed in vitro to TNF-α. In the same model, we also investigated Liraglutide effects on EMV release. RESULTS In response to TNF-α, endothelial monocyte adhesion and VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression and exposure on plasma membrane was greater in GD-HUVEC than C-HUVEC. This was the case also for EMV release. In GD-HUVEC, Liraglutide exposure significantly reduced TNF-α induced endothelial monocyte adhesion as well as VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression and exposure on plasma membrane. In the same cells, Liraglutide exposure also reduced MAPK/NF-kB activation, peroxynitrite levels, and EMV release. CONCLUSIONS TNF-α induced pro-atherogenic alterations are amplified in endothelial cells chronically exposed to hyperglycemia in vivo. Liraglutide mitigates TNF-α effects and reduces cell stress/damage indicators, such as endothelial microvesicle (EMV) release. These results foster the notion that Liraglutide could exert a protective effect against hyperglycemia and inflammation triggered endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Di Tomo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Aging and Translational Medicine Research Center, CeSI-Met, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Aging and Translational Medicine Research Center, CeSI-Met, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Natalia Di Pietro
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Aging and Translational Medicine Research Center, CeSI-Met, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Pompea Antonia Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Aging and Translational Medicine Research Center, CeSI-Met, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Aging and Translational Medicine Research Center, CeSI-Met, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Aging and Translational Medicine Research Center, CeSI-Met, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Agostino Consoli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Aging and Translational Medicine Research Center, CeSI-Met, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gloria Formoso
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Aging and Translational Medicine Research Center, CeSI-Met, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
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Huizer K, Mustafa DAM, Spelt JC, Kros JM, Sacchetti A. Improving the characterization of endothelial progenitor cell subsets by an optimized FACS protocol. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184895. [PMID: 28910385 PMCID: PMC5599045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The characterization of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is fundamental to any study related to angiogenesis. Unfortunately, current literature lacks consistency in the definition of EPC subsets due to variations in isolation strategies and inconsistencies in the use of lineage markers. Here we address critical points in the identification of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), circulating endothelial cells (CECs), and culture-generated outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) from blood samples of healthy adults (AB) and umbilical cord (UCB). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were enriched using a Ficoll-based gradient followed by an optimized staining and gating strategy to enrich for the target cells. Sorted EPC populations were subjected to RT-PCR for tracing the expression of markers beyond the limits of cell surface-based immunophenotyping. Using CD34, CD133 and c-kit staining, combined with FSC and SSC, we succeeded in the accurate and reproducible identification of four HPC subgroups and found significant differences in the respective populations in AB vs. UCB. Co-expression analysis of endothelial markers on HPCs revealed a complex pattern characterized by various subpopulations. CECs were identified by using CD34, KDR, CD45, and additional endothelial markers, and were subdivided according to their apoptotic state and expression of c-kit. Comparison of UCB-CECs vs. AB-CECs revealed significant differences in CD34 and KDR levels. OECs were grown from PBMC-fractions We found that viable c-kit+ CECs are a candidate circulating precursor for CECs. RT-PCR to angiogenic factors and receptors revealed that all EPC subsets expressed angiogenesis-related molecules. Taken together, the improvements in immunophenotyping and gating strategies resulted in accurate identification and comparison of better defined cell populations in a single procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Huizer
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Johan M. Kros
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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35
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Totani L, Plebani R, Piccoli A, Di Silvestre S, Lanuti P, Recchiuti A, Cianci E, Dell'Elba G, Sacchetti S, Patruno S, Guarnieri S, Mariggiò MA, Mari VC, Anile M, Venuta F, Del Porto P, Moretti P, Prioletta M, Mucilli F, Marchisio M, Pandolfi A, Evangelista V, Romano M. Mechanisms of endothelial cell dysfunction in cystic fibrosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:3243-3253. [PMID: 28847515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although cystic fibrosis (CF) patients exhibit signs of endothelial perturbation, the functions of the cystic fibrosis conductance regulator (CFTR) in vascular endothelial cells (EC) are poorly defined. We sought to uncover biological activities of endothelial CFTR, relevant for vascular homeostasis and inflammation. We examined cells from human umbilical cords (HUVEC) and pulmonary artery isolated from non-cystic fibrosis (PAEC) and CF human lungs (CF-PAEC), under static conditions or physiological shear. CFTR activity, clearly detected in HUVEC and PAEC, was markedly reduced in CF-PAEC. CFTR blockade increased endothelial permeability to macromolecules and reduced trans‑endothelial electrical resistance (TEER). Consistent with this, CF-PAEC displayed lower TEER compared to PAEC. Under shear, CFTR blockade reduced VE-cadherin and p120 catenin membrane expression and triggered the formation of paxillin- and vinculin-enriched membrane blebs that evolved in shrinking of the cell body and disruption of cell-cell contacts. These changes were accompanied by enhanced release of microvesicles, which displayed reduced capability to stimulate proliferation in recipient EC. CFTR blockade also suppressed insulin-induced NO generation by EC, likely by inhibiting eNOS and AKT phosphorylation, whereas it enhanced IL-8 release. Remarkably, phosphodiesterase inhibitors in combination with a β2 adrenergic receptor agonist corrected functional and morphological changes triggered by CFTR dysfunction in EC. Our results uncover regulatory functions of CFTR in EC, suggesting a physiological role of CFTR in the maintenance EC homeostasis and its involvement in pathogenetic aspects of CF. Moreover, our findings open avenues for novel pharmacology to control endothelial dysfunction and its consequences in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licia Totani
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Pharmacology, Fondazione Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro (CH), Italy
| | - Roberto Plebani
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Antonio Piccoli
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Pharmacology, Fondazione Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro (CH), Italy
| | - Sara Di Silvestre
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Antonio Recchiuti
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cianci
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Dell'Elba
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Pharmacology, Fondazione Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro (CH), Italy
| | - Silvio Sacchetti
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Patruno
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Simone Guarnieri
- Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Maria A Mariggiò
- Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Veronica C Mari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Marco Anile
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Venuta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Del Porto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Moretti
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, S. Liberatore Hospital, Atri, TE, Italy
| | - Marco Prioletta
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Felice Mucilli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Virgilio Evangelista
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Pharmacology, Fondazione Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro (CH), Italy
| | - Mario Romano
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
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36
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Coumans FAW, Brisson AR, Buzas EI, Dignat-George F, Drees EEE, El-Andaloussi S, Emanueli C, Gasecka A, Hendrix A, Hill AF, Lacroix R, Lee Y, van Leeuwen TG, Mackman N, Mäger I, Nolan JP, van der Pol E, Pegtel DM, Sahoo S, Siljander PRM, Sturk G, de Wever O, Nieuwland R. Methodological Guidelines to Study Extracellular Vesicles. Circ Res 2017; 120:1632-1648. [PMID: 28495994 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.309417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 683] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the relationship between extracellular vesicles (EVs) and physiological and pathological conditions, the interest in EVs is exponentially growing. EVs hold high hopes for novel diagnostic and translational discoveries. This review provides an expert-based update of recent advances in the methods to study EVs and summarizes currently accepted considerations and recommendations from sample collection to isolation, detection, and characterization of EVs. Common misconceptions and methodological pitfalls are highlighted. Although EVs are found in all body fluids, in this review, we will focus on EVs from human blood, not only our most complex but also the most interesting body fluid for cardiovascular research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank A W Coumans
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Alain R Brisson
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Edit I Buzas
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Esther E E Drees
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Samir El-Andaloussi
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Gasecka
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - An Hendrix
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Andrew F Hill
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Romaric Lacroix
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Yi Lee
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Ton G van Leeuwen
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Nigel Mackman
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Imre Mäger
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - John P Nolan
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Edwin van der Pol
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - D Michiel Pegtel
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Susmita Sahoo
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Pia R M Siljander
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Guus Sturk
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Olivier de Wever
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.)
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (F.A.W.C., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P.), Vesicle Observation Centre (F.A.W.C., A.G., T.G.v.L., E.v.d.P., G.S., R.N.), and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry (A.G., G.S., R.N.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Extracellular Vesicles and Membrane Repair, UMR-5248-CBMN CNRS, University of Bordeaux, IPB, Pessac, France (A.R.B.); Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.I.B.); VRCM, UMRS-1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Haematology and vascular biology department, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France (F.D.-G., R.L.); Exosomes Research Group, Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E.E.E.D., D.M.P.); Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.-A., Y.L.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (S.E.-A., I.M.); Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (C.E.); National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (C.E.); 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (A.G.); Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium (A.H., O.d.W.); Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (A.F.H.); Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.); Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Estonia (I.M.); Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA (J.P.N.); Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.S.); and EV Core Facility, University of Helsinki and EV-Group, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.R.M.S.).
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Zhou F, Zhou Y, Dong J, Tan W. Circulating endothelial cells and their subsets: novel biomarkers for cancer. Biomark Med 2017; 11:665-676. [PMID: 28597689 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis contributes to the growth of solid tumors. Antiangiogenic agents are widely used in various cancers and considerable efforts have been made in the development of novel biomarkers that can predict the outcome of an anticancer treatment. Of those, circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and their subsets constitute a surrogate tool for monitoring disease activity. However, owing to the lack of standardization on the phenotypes and detection of CECs and their subsets, results have always been inconsistent and uninterpretable. In this review, we focus on the biological characteristics in terms of physiology, phenotypes and detection of CECs along with their subsets; review the current scenario of CEC enumeration as a surrogate biomarker in clinical oncology; and explore their future potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China.,Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yaying Zhou
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenyong Tan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China
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The acute impact of high-dose lipid-lowering treatment on endothelial progenitor cells in patients with coronary artery disease-The REMEDY-EPC early substudy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172800. [PMID: 28394933 PMCID: PMC5386268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a role in vascular repair, while circulating endothelial cells (CECs) are biomarkers of vascular damage and regeneration. Statins may promote EPC/CEC mobilization in the peripheral blood. We evaluated whether pre-procedural exposure to different lipid-lowering drugs (statins±ezetimibe) can acutely increase levels/activity of EPCs/CECs in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS In a planned sub-analysis of the Rosuvastatin For REduction Of Myocardial DamagE During Coronary AngioplastY (REMEDY) trial, 38 patients with stable CAD on chronic low-dose statin therapy were randomized, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled design, into 4 groups before PCI: i. placebo (n = 11); ii. atorvastatin (80 mg+40 mg, n = 9); iii. rosuvastatin (40 mg twice, n = 9); and iv. rosuvastatin (5 mg) and ezetimibe (10 mg) twice, (n = 9). At baseline and 24 h after treatment-before PCI-, patients underwent blinded analyses of EPCs [colony forming units-endothelial cells (CFU-ECs), endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) and tubulization activity] and CECs in peripheral blood. RESULTS We found no significant treatment effects on parameters investigated such as number of CECs [Median (IQR): i. 0(0), ii. 4.5(27), iii. 1.9(2.3), iv. 1.9(2.3)], CFU-ECs [Median (IQR): i. 27(11), ii. 19(31), iii. 47(36), iv. 30(98)], and ECFCs [Median (IQR): i. 86(84), ii. 7(84), iii. 8/(42.5), iv. 5(2)], as well as tubulization activity [total tubuli (well), Median (IQR): i. 19(7), ii. 5(4), iii. 25(13), iv. 15(24)]. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found no evidence of acute changes in levels or activity of EPCs and CECs after high-dose lipid-lowering therapy in stable CAD patients.
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Codagnone M, Recchiuti A, Lanuti P, Pierdomenico AM, Cianci E, Patruno S, Mari VC, Simiele F, Di Tomo P, Pandolfi A, Romano M. Lipoxin A 4 stimulates endothelial miR-126-5p expression and its transfer via microvesicles. FASEB J 2017; 31:1856-1866. [PMID: 28100645 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600952r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The proresolution lipid mediator lipoxin (LX)A4 bestows protective bioactions on endothelial cells. We examined the impact of LXA4 on transcellular endothelial signaling via microRNA (miR)-containing microvesicles. We report LXA4 inhibition of MV release by TNF-α-treated HUVECs, associated with the down-regulation of 18 miR in endothelial microvesicles (EMVs) and the up-regulation of miR-126-5p, both in HUVECs and in EMVs. LXA4 up-regulated miR-126-5p by ∼5-fold in HUVECs and promoted a release of microvesicles (LXA4-EMVs) that enhanced miR-126-5p by ∼7-fold in recipient HUVECs. In these cells, LXA4-EMVs abrogated the up-regulation of VCAM-1, induced in recipient HUVECs by EMVs released by untreated or TNF-α-treated HUVECs. LXA4-EMVs also reduced by ∼40% the expression of SPRED1, which we validated as an miR-126-5p target, whereas they stimulated monolayer repair in an in vitro wound assay. This effect was lost when the EMVs were depleted of miR-126-5p. These results provide evidence that changes in miR expression and microvesicle packaging and transfer represent a mechanism of action of LXA4, which may be relevant in vascular biology and inflammation.-Codagnone, M., Recchiuti, A., Lanuti, P., Pierdomenico, A. M., Cianci, E., Patruno, S., Mari, V. C., Simiele, F., Di Tomo, P., Pandolfi, A., Romano, M. Lipoxin A4 stimulates endothelial miR-126-5p expression and its transfer via microvesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilina Codagnone
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Antonio Recchiuti
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and.,Department of Medicine and Aging Science, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Pierdomenico
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and.,Department of Medicine and Aging Science, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cianci
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Sara Patruno
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Veronica Cecilia Mari
- Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Felice Simiele
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Pamela Di Tomo
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Mario Romano
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; .,Center on Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), G. D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
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Could Microparticles Be the Universal Quality Indicator for Platelet Viability and Function? JOURNAL OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION 2016; 2016:6140239. [PMID: 28053805 PMCID: PMC5178367 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6140239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
High quality means good fitness for the intended use. Research activity regarding quality measures for platelet transfusions has focused on platelet storage and platelet storage lesion. Thus, platelet quality is judged from the manufacturer's point of view and regulated to ensure consistency and stability of the manufacturing process. Assuming that fresh product is always superior to aged product, maintaining in vitro characteristics should preserve high quality. However, despite the highest in vitro quality standards, platelets often fail in vivo. This suggests we may need different quality measures to predict platelet performance after transfusion. Adding to this complexity, platelets are used clinically for very different purposes: platelets need to circulate when given as prophylaxis to cancer patients and to stop bleeding when given to surgery or trauma patients. In addition, the emerging application of platelet-rich plasma injections exploits the immunological functions of platelets. Requirements for quality of platelets intended to prevent bleeding, stop bleeding, or promote wound healing are potentially very different. Can a single measurable characteristic describe platelet quality for all uses? Here we present microparticle measurement in platelet samples, and its potential to become the universal quality characteristic for platelet production, storage, viability, function, and compatibility.
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Ito T, Tamura N, Okuda S, Tada K, Matsushita M, Yamaji K, Kato K, Takasaki Y. Elevated serum levels of soluble CD146 in patients with systemic sclerosis. Clin Rheumatol 2016; 36:119-124. [PMID: 27726047 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-016-3434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
CD146, a transmembrane glycoprotein member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, acts as an adhesion molecule that helps maintain the cell monolayer. Human endothelial cells expressing CD146 are involved in angiogenesis and inflammation. Recently, we developed a sandwich ELISA for detecting soluble CD146 (sCD146) in human serum specimens. The aim of this study is to determine serum levels of sCD146 in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to examine the relationship between sCD146 levels and clinical manifestations. We quantified serum sCD146 levels in 47 serum samples from patients fulfilling criteria for SSc, 23 serum samples from patients fulfilling criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 25 healthy controls. We also investigated the relationship between sCD146 levels and various clinical characteristics with SSc patients. Levels of sCD146 were significantly higher in the 47 patients with SSc than in the 25 healthy controls and 23 patients with RA (12.50 vs. 6.91 vs. 9.95 ng/ml; p < 0.001). Serum sCD146 levels in SSc patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) were lower than in SSc patients without PAH (10.12 vs.13.17 ng/ml; p < 0.01). The serum levels of sCD146 were elevated in patients with SSc. However, decreased sCD146 levels were observed in SSc patients with PAH. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the sources and the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ito
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Naoto Tamura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Sayuri Okuda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100, Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kurisu Tada
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masakazu Matsushita
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ken Yamaji
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kato
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100, Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Takasaki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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42
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Pipino C, Di Tomo P, Mandatori D, Cianci E, Lanuti P, Cutrona MB, Penolazzi L, Pierdomenico L, Lambertini E, Antonucci I, Sirolli V, Bonomini M, Romano M, Piva R, Marchisio M, Pandolfi A. Calcium sensing receptor activation by calcimimetic R-568 in human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells: correlation with osteogenic differentiation. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 23:2959-71. [PMID: 25036254 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (hAFMSCs) are promising for therapeutic applications in bone damage. Calcium sensing receptor (CaSR), a G protein-coupled receptor, plays a physiological role in the regulation of bone metabolism. Thus, the bone CaSR could be targeted by calcimimetic agonists, which may be potentially helpful in treating bone diseases. The aim of our study was to characterize CaSR expression in hAFMSCs and to assess the activity of calcimimetic R-568 during in vitro osteogenesis. Using western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry, we consistently observed constitutive CaSR in osteo-differentiating hAFMSCs. Notably, both R-568 and calcium significantly enhanced hAFMSC osteogenic differentiation after exposure to osteogenic medium. To provide further evidence of the involvement of CaSR in osteogenesis, we correlated its expression with that of established osteogenic markers, that is, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and osteopontin (OPN), and novel, not yet completely defined regulators of osteogenesis. Among these are β-catenin and Slug, which are mediators of Wnt signaling, and nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1), which plays a critical role in calcium/calcineurin signaling. Taken together, our results demonstrate that CaSR is expressed in hAFMSCs, positively correlates with osteogenic markers, and is activated by R-568. Notably, downregulation of CaSR by RNA interference supports the conclusion that CaSR activation plays a central role in hAFMSC osteogenesis. Thus, this study provides significant information on the mechanisms of hAFMSC osteogenesis, which could provide additional molecular basis for the use of calcimimetics in bone regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Pipino
- 1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara , Chieti, Italy
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43
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Circulating endothelial cells in coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2015; 25:578-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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44
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Lanuti P, Rotta G, Almici C, Avvisati G, Budillon A, Doretto P, Malara N, Marini M, Neva A, Simeone P, Di Gennaro E, Leone A, Falda A, Tozzoli R, Gregorj C, Di Cerbo M, Trunzo V, Mollace V, Marchisio M, Miscia S. Endothelial progenitor cells, defined by the simultaneous surface expression of VEGFR2 and CD133, are not detectable in healthy peripheral and cord blood. Cytometry A 2015; 89:259-70. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science; School of Medicine and Health Science, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti 66013 Italy
- Center for Ageing Sciences (Ce.S.I.), “Università G. d'Annunzio” Foundation; Chieti 66013 Italy
| | | | - Camillo Almici
- Department of Transfusion Medicine; Laboratory for Stem Cells Manipulation and Cryopreservation, AO Spedali Civili di Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
| | - Giuseppe Avvisati
- Department of Hematology; Stem Cell Transplantation, Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapy, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital; Rome 00128 Italy
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale-IRCCS; Naples 80131 Italy
| | - Paolo Doretto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Clinical Pathology Laboratory, “S. Maria Degli Angeli” Hospital; Pordenone 33170 Italy
| | - Natalia Malara
- Department of Health Science; Interregional Research Center for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro; Catanzaro 88100 Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine; BioNEM Lab, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100; Italy
| | - Mirella Marini
- Department of Transfusion Medicine; Laboratory for Stem Cells Manipulation and Cryopreservation, AO Spedali Civili di Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
| | - Arabella Neva
- Department of Transfusion Medicine; Laboratory for Stem Cells Manipulation and Cryopreservation, AO Spedali Civili di Brescia; Brescia 25123 Italy
| | - Pasquale Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science; School of Medicine and Health Science, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti 66013 Italy
- Center for Ageing Sciences (Ce.S.I.), “Università G. d'Annunzio” Foundation; Chieti 66013 Italy
| | - Elena Di Gennaro
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale-IRCCS; Naples 80131 Italy
| | - Alessandra Leone
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale-IRCCS; Naples 80131 Italy
| | - Alessandra Falda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Clinical Pathology Laboratory, “S. Maria Degli Angeli” Hospital; Pordenone 33170 Italy
| | - Renato Tozzoli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Clinical Pathology Laboratory, “S. Maria Degli Angeli” Hospital; Pordenone 33170 Italy
| | - Chiara Gregorj
- Department of Hematology; Stem Cell Transplantation, Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapy, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital; Rome 00128 Italy
| | - Melania Di Cerbo
- Department of Hematology; Stem Cell Transplantation, Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapy, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital; Rome 00128 Italy
| | - Valentina Trunzo
- Department of Health Science; Interregional Research Center for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro; Catanzaro 88100 Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Science; Interregional Research Center for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro; Catanzaro 88100 Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science; School of Medicine and Health Science, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti 66013 Italy
- Center for Ageing Sciences (Ce.S.I.), “Università G. d'Annunzio” Foundation; Chieti 66013 Italy
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science; School of Medicine and Health Science, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti 66013 Italy
- Center for Ageing Sciences (Ce.S.I.), “Università G. d'Annunzio” Foundation; Chieti 66013 Italy
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Pipino C, Pierdomenico L, Di Tomo P, Di Giuseppe F, Cianci E, D'Alimonte I, Morabito C, Centurione L, Antonucci I, Mariggiò MA, Di Pietro R, Ciccarelli R, Marchisio M, Romano M, Angelucci S, Pandolfi A. Molecular and phenotypic characterization of human amniotic fluid-derived cells: a morphological and proteomic approach. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:1415-28. [PMID: 25608581 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stem Cells derived from Amniotic Fluid (AFMSCs) are multipotent cells of great interest for regenerative medicine. Two predominant cell types, that is, Epithelial-like (E-like) and Fibroblast-like (F-like), have been previously detected in the amniotic fluid (AF). In this study, we examined the AF from 12 donors and observed the prevalence of the E-like phenotype in 5, whereas the F-like morphology was predominant in 7 samples. These phenotypes showed slight differences in membrane markers, with higher CD90 and lower Sox2 and SSEA-4 expression in F-like than in E-like cells; whereas CD326 was expressed only in the E-like phenotype. They did not show any significant differences in osteogenic, adipogenic or chondrogenic differentiation. Proteomic analysis revealed that samples with a predominant E-like phenotype (HC1) showed a different profile than those with a predominant F-like phenotype (HC2). Twenty-five and eighteen protein spots were differentially expressed in HC1 and HC2 classes, respectively. Of these, 17 from HC1 and 4 from HC2 were identified by mass spectrometry. Protein-interaction networks for both phenotypes showed strong interactions between specific AFMSC proteins and molecular chaperones, such as preproteasomes and mature proteasomes, both of which are important for cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. Collectively, our results provide evidence that, regardless of differences in protein profiling, the prevalence of E-like or F-like cells in AF does not affect the differentiation capacity of AFMSC preparations. This may be valuable information with a view to the therapeutic use of AFMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Pipino
- 1Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- 2Aging Research Center (Ce.S.I.), "Università G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura Pierdomenico
- 2Aging Research Center (Ce.S.I.), "Università G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
- 4Department of Medicine and Aging Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Pamela Di Tomo
- 1Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- 2Aging Research Center (Ce.S.I.), "Università G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Di Giuseppe
- 1Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- 2Aging Research Center (Ce.S.I.), "Università G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cianci
- 1Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- 2Aging Research Center (Ce.S.I.), "Università G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Iolanda D'Alimonte
- 1Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Caterina Morabito
- 2Aging Research Center (Ce.S.I.), "Università G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
- 5Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lucia Centurione
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
- 4Department of Medicine and Aging Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ivana Antonucci
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
- 6Psychological Sciences Humanities and Territory, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria A Mariggiò
- 2Aging Research Center (Ce.S.I.), "Università G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
- 5Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Pietro
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
- 4Department of Medicine and Aging Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Renata Ciccarelli
- 1Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- 2Aging Research Center (Ce.S.I.), "Università G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
- 4Department of Medicine and Aging Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mario Romano
- 1Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- 2Aging Research Center (Ce.S.I.), "Università G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Angelucci
- 1Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- 2Aging Research Center (Ce.S.I.), "Università G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- 1Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- 2Aging Research Center (Ce.S.I.), "Università G. d'Annunzio" Foundation, Chieti, Italy
- 3StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy
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The impact of endothelial progenitor cells on restenosis after percutaneous angioplasty of hemodialysis vascular access. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101058. [PMID: 24964143 PMCID: PMC4071067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We prospectively investigate the relation between baseline circulating endothelial progenitor cells and the subsequent development of restenosis after angioplasty of hemodialysis vascular access. Background Effect of angioplasty for hemodialysis vascular access is greatly attenuated by early and frequent restenosis. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a key role in vascular repair but are deficient in hemodialysis patients. Method After excluding 14 patients due to arterial stenosis, central vein stenosis, and failed angioplasty, 130 patients undergoing angioplasty for dysfunctional vascular access were prospectively enrolled. Flow cytometry with quantification of EPC markers (defined as CD34+, CD34+KDR+, CD34+KDR+CD133+) in peripheral blood immediately before angioplasty procedures was used to assess circulating EPC numbers. Patients were followed clinically for up to one year after angioplasty. Results During the one-year follow-up, 95 patients (73%) received interventions for recurrent access dysfunction. Patients in the lower tertile of CD34+KDR+ cell count had the highest restenosis rates (46%) at three month (early restenosis), compared with patients in the medium and upper tertiles of CD34+KDR+ cell count (27% and 12% respectively, p = 0.002). Patients in the lower tertile of CD34+KDR+ cell count received more re-interventions during one year. Patients with early restenosis had impaired EPC adhesive function and increased senescence and apoptosis. In multivariate analysis, the CD34+KDR+ and CD34+KDR+CD133+ cell counts were independent predictors of target-lesion early restenosis. Conclusion Our results suggest that the deficiency of circulating EPCs is associated with early and frequent restenosis after angioplasty of hemodialysis vascular access.
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D'Alimonte I, Lannutti A, Pipino C, Di Tomo P, Pierdomenico L, Cianci E, Antonucci I, Marchisio M, Romano M, Stuppia L, Caciagli F, Pandolfi A, Ciccarelli R. Wnt signaling behaves as a "master regulator" in the osteogenic and adipogenic commitment of human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2014; 9:642-54. [PMID: 23605563 PMCID: PMC3785124 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-013-9436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (huAFMSCs) are emerging as a promising therapeutic option in regenerative medicine. Here, we characterized huAFMSC phenotype and multipotentiality. When cultured in osteogenic medium, huAFMSC displayed a significant increase in: Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity and mRNA expression, Alizarin Red S staining and Runx2 mRNA expression; whereas maintaining these cells in an adipogenic culture medium gave a time-dependent increase in PPARγ and FABP4 mRNA expression, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity and positivity to Oil Red Oil staining. These results confirm that huAFMSCs can differentiate toward osteogenic and adipogenic phenotypes. The canonical Wnt/ßcatenin signaling pathway appears to trigger huAFMSC osteoblastogenesis, since during early phases of osteogenic differentiation, the expression of Dishevelled-2 (Dvl-2), of the non-phosphorylated form of ß-catenin, and the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3ß (GSK3ß) at serine 9 were upregulated. On the contrary, during adipogenic differentiation Dvl-2 expression decreased, whereas that of ß-catenin remained unchanged. This was associated with a late increase in GSK3ß phosphorylation. Consistent with this scenario, huAFMSCs exposure to Dickkopf-1, a selective inhibitor of the Wnt signaling, abolished Runx2 and ALP mRNA upregulation during huAFMSC osteogenic differentiation, whereas it enhanced FABP4 expression in adipocyte-differentiating cells. Taken together, these results unravel novel molecular determinants of huAFMSC commitment towards osteoblastogenesis, which may represent potential targets for directing the differentiation of these cells and improving their use in regenerative medicine. Schematic representation of Wnt pathway involved in the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of huAFMSCs. Our paper demonstrates that osteogenic commitment of these cells is linked to the stimulation of Wnt signal leading to the final transcriptional activation of early osteogenic markers such as RUNX-2 and ALP, mediated by β-catenin. DKK1 is a secreted Wnt antagonist that may be used as a drug to inhibit Wnt signal. In contrast, adipogenic commitment involves early inhibition of Wnt pathway leading to ubiquitination/degradation of β-catenin. This results in the transcription of PPARγ and FABP4, considered as the main initiators of adipogenesis. APC, adenomatous polyposis coli; βcat, β-catenin; CK1, casein kinase 1; DKK1, dickkopf 1; Dvl, Dishevelled; GSK3β, glycogen synthase kinase 3β; LRP5/6, low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6 ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda D'Alimonte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Di Tomo P, Pipino C, Lanuti P, Morabito C, Pierdomenico L, Sirolli V, Bonomini M, Miscia S, Mariggiò MA, Marchisio M, Barboni B, Pandolfi A. Calcium sensing receptor expression in ovine amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells and the potential role of R-568 during osteogenic differentiation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73816. [PMID: 24040082 PMCID: PMC3767786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amniotic fluid-derived stem (AFS) cells have been identified as a promising source for cell therapy applications in bone traumatic and degenerative damage. Calcium Sensing Receptor (CaSR), a G protein-coupled receptor able to bind calcium ions, plays a physiological role in regulating bone metabolism. It is expressed in different kinds of cells, as well as in some stem cells. The bone CaSR could potentially be targeted by allosteric modulators, in particular by agonists such as calcimimetic R-568, which may potentially be helpful for the treatment of bone disease. The aim of our study was first to investigate the presence of CaSR in ovine Amniotic Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cells (oAFMSCs) and then the potential role of calcimimetics in in vitro osteogenesis. oAFMSCs were isolated, characterized and analyzed to examine the possible presence of CaSR by western blotting and flow cytometry analysis. Once we had demonstrated CaSR expression, we worked out that 1 µM R-568 was the optimal and effective concentration by cell viability test (MTT), cell number, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red S (ARS) assays. Interestingly, we observed that basal diffuse CaSR expression in oAFMSCs increased at the membrane when cells were treated with R-568 (1 µM), potentially resulting in activation of the receptor. This was associated with significantly increased cell mineralization (ALP and ARS staining) and augmented intracellular calcium and Inositol trisphosphate (IP3) levels, thus demonstrating a potential role for calcimimetics during osteogenic differentiation. Calhex-231, a CaSR allosteric inhibitor, totally reversed R-568 induced mineralization. Taken together, our results demonstrate for the first time that CaSR is expressed in oAFMSCs and that calcimimetic R-568, possibly through CaSR activation, can significantly improve the osteogenic process. Hence, our study may provide useful information on the mechanisms regulating osteogenesis in oAFMSCs, perhaps prompting the use of calcimimetics in bone regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Di Tomo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “University G. d’Annunzio” Foundation Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Caterina Pipino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “University G. d’Annunzio” Foundation Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “University G. d’Annunzio” Foundation Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Caterina Morabito
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “University G. d’Annunzio” Foundation Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura Pierdomenico
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “University G. d’Annunzio” Foundation Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sirolli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mario Bonomini
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “University G. d’Annunzio” Foundation Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Addolorata Mariggiò
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “University G. d’Annunzio” Foundation Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “University G. d’Annunzio” Foundation Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Barbara Barboni
- StemTeCh Group Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Science, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “University G. d’Annunzio” Foundation Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group Chieti, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- * E-mail:
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D'Alimonte I, Nargi E, Lannutti A, Marchisio M, Pierdomenico L, Costanzo G, Di Iorio P, Ballerini P, Giuliani P, Caciagli F, Ciccarelli R. Adenosine A1 receptor stimulation enhances osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells via WNT signaling. Stem Cell Res 2013; 11:611-24. [PMID: 23651584 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, mesenchymal stem cells deriving from dental pulp (DPSCs) of normal human impacted third molars, previously characterized for their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, were used. We observed that: i) DPSCs, undifferentiated or submitted to osteogenic differentiation, express all four subtypes of adenosine receptors (AR) and CD73, corresponding to 5'-ecto-nucleotidase; and ii) AR stimulation with selective agonists elicited a greater osteogenic cell differentiation consequent to A1 receptor (A1R) activation. Therefore, we focused on the activity of this AR. The addition of 15-60nM 2-chloro-N(6)-cyclopentyl-adenosine (CCPA), A1R agonist, to DPSCs at each change of the culture medium significantly increased the proliferation of cells grown in osteogenic medium after 8days in vitro (DIV) without modifying that of undifferentiated DPSCs. Better characterizing the effect of A1R stimulation on the osteogenic differentiation capability of these cells, we found that CCPA increased the: i) expression of two well known and early osteogenic markers, RUNX-2 and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), after 3 and 7DIV; ii) ALP enzyme activity at 7DIV and iii) mineralization of extracellular matrix after 21DIV. These effects, abolished by cell pre-treatment with the A1R antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropyl-xanthine (DPCPX), involved the activation of the canonical Wnt signaling as, in differentiating DPSCs, CCPA significantly increased dishevelled protein and inhibited glycogen synthase kinase-3β, both molecules being downstream of Wnt receptor signal pathway. Either siRNA of dishevelled or cell pre-treatment with Dickkopf-1, known inhibitor of Wnt signaling substantially reduced either DPSC osteogenic differentiation or its enhancement promoted by CCPA. Summarizing, our findings indicate that the stimulation of A1R may stimulate DPSC duplication enhancing their osteogenic differentiation efficiency. These effects may have clinical implications possibly facilitating bone tissue repair and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda D'Alimonte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Stem Tech Group, Chieti, Italy
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Post ICJH, Weenink RP, van Wijk ACWA, Heger M, Böing AN, van Hulst RA, van Gulik TM. Characterization and quantification of porcine circulating endothelial cells. Xenotransplantation 2013; 20:18-26. [DOI: 10.1111/xen.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivo C. J. H. Post
- Department of Surgery (Surgical Laboratory); Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | | | - Albert C. W. A. van Wijk
- Department of Surgery (Surgical Laboratory); Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Michal Heger
- Department of Surgery (Surgical Laboratory); Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Anita N. Böing
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry; Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | | | - Thomas M. van Gulik
- Department of Surgery (Surgical Laboratory); Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
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