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de Oliveira ME, Scussel R, Borghezan LA, Feuser PE, Ramos FF, Cardoso MDM, De Pieri E, Luiz GP, Galvani NC, Dal-Bó AG, Coelho EAF, Machado-de-Ávila RA. Accuracy improvement enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using superparamagnetic/polyethylene glycol) nanoparticles for leishmaniasis diagnostic. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116326. [PMID: 38692205 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Serodiagnosis methods have been used as platforms for diagnostic tests for many diseases. Due to magnetic nanoparticles' properties to quickly detach from an external magnetic field and particle size effects, these nanomaterials' functionalization allows the specific isolation of target analytes, enhancing accuracy parameters and reducing serodiagnosis time. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized and functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and then associated with the synthetic Leishmaniosis epitope. This nano-peptide antigen showed promising results. Regarding Tegumentary leishmaniasis diagnostic accuracy, the AUC was 0.8398 with sensibility 75% (95CI% 50.50 - 89.82) and specificity 87.50% (95CI% 71.93 - 95.03), and Visceral leishmaniasis accuracy study also present high performance, the AUC was 0.9258 with sensibility 87.50% (95CI% 63.98 - 97.78) and specificity 87.50% (95CI% 71.93 - 95.03). Our results demonstrate that the association of the antigen with MNPs accelerates and improves the diagnosis process. MNPs could be an important tool for enhancing serodiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eduarda de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rahisa Scussel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Universitário, 88806-000, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Letícia Alves Borghezan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Universitário, 88806-000, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Paulo Emilio Feuser
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química, Department of Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Cidade Universitária Trindade, 88010-970, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Fonseca Ramos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Melo Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ellen De Pieri
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Universitário, 88806-000, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Paulino Luiz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Universitário, 88806-000, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Coral Galvani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Gonçalves Dal-Bó
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense Sangão, 88806-000, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antônio Ferraz Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrez Machado-de-Ávila
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Universitário, 88806-000, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Ahmad S, Demneh FM, Rehman B, Almanaa TN, Akhtar N, Pazoki-Toroudi H, Shojaeian A, Ghatrehsamani M, Sanami S. In silico design of a novel multi-epitope vaccine against HCV infection through immunoinformatics approaches. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131517. [PMID: 38621559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the causes of liver cancer, which is the world's sixth most prevalent and third most lethal cancer. The current treatments do not prevent reinfection; because they are expensive, their usage is limited to developed nations. Therefore, a prophylactic vaccine is essential to control this virus. Hence, in this study, an immunoinformatics method was applied to design a multi-epitope vaccine against HCV. The best B- and T-cell epitopes from conserved regions of the E2 protein of seven HCV genotypes were joined with the appropriate linkers to design a multi-epitope vaccine. In addition, cholera enterotoxin subunit B (CtxB) was included as an adjuvant in the vaccine construct. This study is the first to present this epitopes-adjuvant combination. The vaccine had acceptable physicochemical characteristics. The vaccine's 3D structure was predicted and validated. The vaccine's binding stability with Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 was confirmed using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The immune simulation revealed the vaccine's efficacy by increasing the population of B and T cells in response to vaccination. In silico expression in Escherichia coli (E. coli) was also successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan; Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, P.O. Box 36, Lebanon; Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
| | - Fatemeh Mobini Demneh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Bushra Rehman
- Institute of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Bacha khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - Taghreed N Almanaa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- Department of Physiology & Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Shojaeian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ghatrehsamani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Samira Sanami
- Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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Soni AK, Jha RK. Nanotechnology's Applications and Potential in Various Fields. Cureus 2024; 16:e59234. [PMID: 38813303 PMCID: PMC11134515 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, several sorts of nanoparticles have been employed in the quickly expanding field of nanotechnology. These features include size, shape, and chemical as well as physical properties. Because of their small size and huge surface area, carbon-based nanoparticles, including fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, and carbon-based quantum dots, have attracted a lot of attention in a variety of sectors, including biomedical applications. Lipid bilayers form the spherical vesicles known as liposomes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents are iron oxide nanoparticles. These materials are perfect for drug and delivery of genes, bioimaging, and bone repair because of their remarkable mechanical, electrical, visual, and chemical properties. However, concerns about potential asbestos-related diseases have arisen due to their length-to-width aspect ratio. Ceramic nanoparticles, on the other hand, are a common material in daily life and play a crucial role in bone repair, multiscale hybridisation, and aerospace structures. These nanoparticles can enhance osseointegration and bone development by mimicking the nanocomposition and nanoscale characteristics of bone tissue and enhance osteoconductive and osteoinductive capacities. Ceramic nanoparticles, however, have the potential to generate oxidative stress, which can result in irritation of the reticuloendothelial system, cytotoxicity to the heart, liver, and lungs, as well as toxicity to the cells that are attached. Additionally, oxidative stress, cell damage, and genotoxicity might result from the generation of free radicals by ceramic nanoparticles. Metal nanoparticles exhibit linear optical properties similar to molecular systems but arise from a different physical process. Semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) are made from various compounds, such as silicon and germanium. Polyandry nanoparticles are particles approximately 10 and 10000 nanometers (nm) in size that can contain active substances. They have applications in vaccine delivery, gene therapy, and polymer nanoparticles (nanomedicine) for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmith K Soni
- Medical Education, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Roshan K Jha
- Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Mandal A, Hazra B. Medicinal plant molecules against hepatitis C virus: Current status and future prospect. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4353-4374. [PMID: 37439007 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a global malady, causes acute and chronic hepatitis leading to permanent liver damage, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. Modern anti-HCV therapies are efficient, but mostly inaccessible for residents of underdeveloped regions. To innovate more effective treatments at affordable cost, medicinal plant-based products need to be explored. The aim of this article is to review plant constituents in the light of putative anti-HCV mechanisms of action, and discuss existing problems, challenges, and future directions for their potential application in therapeutic settings. One hundred sixty literatures were collected by using appropriate search strings via scientific search engines: Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Bibliography was prepared using Mendeley desktop software. We found a substantial number of plants that were reported to inhibit different stages of HCV life cycle. Traditional medicinal plants such as Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. and Thonn., Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk., and Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile exhibited strong anti-HCV activities. Again, several phytochemicals such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate, honokilol, punicalagin, and quercetin have shown broad-spectrum anti-HCV effect. We have presented promising phytochemicals like silymarin, curcumin, glycyrrhizin, and camptothecin for nanoparticle-based hepatocyte-targeted drug delivery. Nevertheless, only a few animal studies have been performed to validate the anti-HCV effect of these plant products. Again, insufficient clinical evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of herbal medications remain a problem. Selected plants products could be developed as novel therapeutics for HCV patients only after scrupulous evaluation of their safety and efficacy in a clinical set-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, Mrinalini Datta Mahavidyapith, Birati, Kolkata, India
| | - Banasri Hazra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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5
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Pusomjit P, Teengam P, Chuaypen N, Tangkijvanich P, Thepsuparungsikul N, Chailapakul O. Electrochemical immunoassay for detection of hepatitis C virus core antigen using electrode modified with Pt-decorated single-walled carbon nanotubes. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:339. [PMID: 35982360 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05400-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Pt nanoparticles deposited on single-walled carbon nanotubes (PtSWCNTs), synthesized via the deposition precipitation (DP) method, were introduced as a substrate for immobilizing antibodies on an electrode surface and then enhancing the electrochemical sensitivity. A PtSWCNT-modified paper-based screen-printed graphene electrode was successfully developed to diagnose hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The hepatitis C virus core antigen (HCV-cAg) level was determined by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) using [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- as a redox solution. In the presence of HCV-cAg, the DPV current response decreased with increasing HCV-cAg concentration. Under the optimal conditions, the change in current response provides a good linear correlation with the logarithm of HCV-cAg concentration in the range 0.05 to 1000 pg mL-1 (RSD < 5%), and the limit of detection was 0.015 pg mL-1 (or 0.71 fmol L-1). Furthermore, the proposed immunosensor has been utilized to quantify HCV-cAg in human serum samples with reliable results compared with standard immunoassays (% relative error < 10%). This sensor offers a simple, sensitive, selective, disposable, and inexpensive means for determination of HCV-cAg in human serum samples. The paper-based label-free immunosensor is versatile and feasible for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pannaporn Pusomjit
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prinjaporn Teengam
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nichanan Thepsuparungsikul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Amphoe Muang, 73000, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence On Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand.
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6
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Walters F, Burwell G, Mitchell JJ, Ali MM, Daghigh Ahmadi E, Mostert AB, Jenkins CA, Rozhko S, Kazakova O, Guy OJ. A Rapid Graphene Sensor Platform for the Detection of Viral Proteins in Low Volume Samples. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ffion Walters
- Centre for NanoHealth, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK
| | - Gregory Burwell
- Department of Physics, School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK
| | - Jacob John Mitchell
- Centre for NanoHealth, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK
- SPTS Technologies Ltd, R&D and Product department Ringland Way Newport NP18 2TA UK
| | - Muhammad Munem Ali
- Centre for NanoHealth, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK
| | - Ehsaneh Daghigh Ahmadi
- Centre for NanoHealth, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK
| | - A. Bernardus Mostert
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK
| | | | - Sergiy Rozhko
- National Physical Laboratory Quantum Metrology Institute Teddington Middlesex TW11 0LW UK
| | - Olga Kazakova
- National Physical Laboratory Quantum Metrology Institute Teddington Middlesex TW11 0LW UK
| | - Owen J. Guy
- Centre for NanoHealth, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK
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7
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Santana GM, Silva AKS, Foguel MV, Dutra RF. An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for hepatitis C antibodies based on one-step-eletrosynthetized polypyrrole-graphene nanocomposite. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 2022; 57:5586-5595. [PMID: 35250090 PMCID: PMC8882041 DOI: 10.1007/s10853-022-06992-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED An ultrasensitive label-free electrochemical immunosensor was developed for hepatitis C antibodies (anti-HCV). Worldwide, it is estimated 71 million people have HCV infection in a chronic stage that may lead to cirrose and cancer. To achieve HCV elimination, health programs should include screening testing based on anti-HCV detection allowing the early-stage treatment. The immunosensor was based on a graphene oxide-polypyrrole (PPy-GO) film one-step electropolymerized on the electrode surface. Ultrasensitive anti-HCV detection was ensured by HCV antigen conjugated to biotin that was immobilized in a great amount on streptavidin-coated nanostructured surface. Analytical responses were obtained by anodic peaks from the square wave voltammetry in the presence of ferrocyanide/ferricyanide as a redox probe. This immunosensor exhibited a linear range from 2 to 14 ng mL-1 of anti-HCV and a limit of detection in the clinical range (1.63 ng mL-1). Furthermore, the immunosensor presented an efficient performance for the determination of anti-HCV in spiked serum samples, becoming this developed nanosensor as potential tools for early HCV diagnosis and screening. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10853-022-06992-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilvânia M. Santana
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, Recife, PE 50670-901 Brazil
| | - Anne K. S. Silva
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, Recife, PE 50670-901 Brazil
| | - Marcos V. Foguel
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, Recife, PE 50670-901 Brazil
| | - Rosa F. Dutra
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, Recife, PE 50670-901 Brazil
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Pouresmaieli M, Ekrami E, Akbari A, Noorbakhsh N, Moghadam NB, Mamoudifard M. A comprehensive review on efficient approaches for combating coronaviruses. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112353. [PMID: 34794240 PMCID: PMC8531103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost 80% of people confronting COVID-19 recover from COVID-19 disease without any particular treatments. They experience heterogeneous symptoms; a wide range of respiratory symptoms, cough, dyspnea, fever, and viral pneumonia. However, some others need urgent intervention and special treatment to get rid of this widespread disease. So far, there isn't any unique drug for the potential treatment of COVID 19. However, some available therapeutic drugs used for other diseases seem beneficial for the COVID-19 treatment. On the other hand, there is a robust global concern for developing an efficient COVID-19 vaccine to control the COVID-19 pandemic sustainably. According to the WHO report, since 8 October 2021, 320 vaccines have been in progress. 194 vaccines are in the pre-clinical development stage that 126 of them are in clinical progression. Here, in this paper, we have comprehensively reviewed the most recent and updated information about coronavirus and its mutations, all the potential therapeutic approaches for treating COVID-19, developed diagnostic systems for COVID- 19 and the available COVID-19 vaccines and their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Pouresmaieli
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran,Faculty of Mining, Petroleum and Geophysics, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Elena Ekrami
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbari
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Noorbakhsh
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran,Faculty of Medical Science and Technologies, Islamic Azad University Science and Research, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Borzooee Moghadam
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Matin Mamoudifard
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.
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Smith DM, Keller A. DNA Nanostructures in the Fight Against Infectious Diseases. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021; 1:2000049. [PMID: 33615315 PMCID: PMC7883073 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202000049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout history, humanity has been threatened by countless epidemic and pandemic outbreaks of infectious diseases, from the Justinianic Plague to the Spanish flu to COVID-19. While numerous antimicrobial and antiviral drugs have been developed over the last 200 years to face these threats, the globalized and highly connected world of the 21st century demands for an ever-increasing efficiency in the detection and treatment of infectious diseases. Consequently, the rapidly evolving field of nanomedicine has taken up the challenge and developed a plethora of strategies to fight infectious diseases with the help of various nanomaterials such as noble metal nanoparticles, liposomes, nanogels, and virus capsids. DNA nanotechnology represents a comparatively recent addition to the nanomedicine arsenal, which, over the past decade, has made great progress in the area of cancer diagnostics and therapy. However, the past few years have seen also an increasing number of DNA nanotechnology-related studies that particularly focus on the detection and inhibition of microbial and viral pathogens. Herein, a brief overview of this rather young research field is provided, successful concepts as well as potential challenges are identified, and promising directions for future research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Smith
- DNA Nanodevices UnitDepartment DiagnosticsFraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI04103LeipzigGermany
- Peter Debye Institute for Soft Matter PhysicsFaculty of Physics and Earth SciencesUniversity of Leipzig04103LeipzigGermany
- Institute of Clinical ImmunologyUniversity of Leipzig Medical School04103LeipzigGermany
- Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication TechnologyGandhinagar382 007India
| | - Adrian Keller
- Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryPaderborn UniversityWarburger Str. 10033098PaderbornGermany
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Qindeel M, Barani M, Rahdar A, Arshad R, Cucchiarini M. Nanomaterials for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:546. [PMID: 33671511 PMCID: PMC7926703 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain challenging due to the lack of convenient assessment techniques and to the resistance to conventional antimicrobial therapy, showing the need for novel approaches to address such problems. In this regard, nanotechnology has a strong potential for both the diagnosis and therapy of UTIs via controlled delivery of antimicrobials upon stable, effective and sustained drug release. On one side, nanoscience allowed the production of various nanomaterial-based evaluation tools as precise, effective, and rapid procedures for the identification of UTIs. On the other side, nanotechnology brought tremendous breakthroughs for the treatment of UTIs based on the use of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) for instance, owing to the antimicrobial properties of metals, or of surface-tailored nanocarriers, allowing to overcome multidrug-resistance and prevent biofilm formation via targeted drug delivery to desired sites of action and preventing the development of cytotoxic processes in healthy cells. The goal of the current study is therefore to present the newest developments for the diagnosis and treatment of UTIs based on nanotechnology procedures in relation to the currently available techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maimoona Qindeel
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.Q.); (R.A.)
| | - Mahmood Barani
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-14111, Iran;
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 538-98615, Iran
| | - Rabia Arshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.Q.); (R.A.)
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg. 37, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
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11
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Mohammed AS, Balapure A, Khaja MN, Ganesan R, Dutta JR. Naked-eye colorimetric detection of HCV RNA mediated by a 5' UTR-targeted antisense oligonucleotide and plasmonic gold nanoparticles. Analyst 2021; 146:1569-1578. [PMID: 33586713 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02481c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection worldwide is a major concern for causing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Currently, the prevalence of HCV infection is estimated to be in the range of ∼3%. According to the World Health Organization, antiviral drugs can cure more than 95% of the HCV infected cases, if timely diagnosis and treatment are provided. The gold standard RT-qPCR assay is expensive and requires a minimum turnaround time of 4 h. Hence, a rapid and cost-effective detection assay that can be used even in resource-limited settings would be highly beneficial for mass level screening. Herein, we present an Au NP based facile strategy for rapid, early-stage, and sensitive detection of HCV RNA in clinical samples which avoids thiol tagging to the antisense oligonucleotide and expensive infrastructure. This technique utilizes the hybridization of a short-chain antisense oligonucleotide from the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the viral genome with the isolated HCV RNA samples. Using a specific sequence universal to all HCV genotypes-obtained through the NCBI BLASTn tool-the HCV positive samples have stabilized the citrate capped Au NPs against salt-induced aggregation, retaining their red color. On the other hand, negative controls, including HBV and HIV positive samples, do not stabilize the Au NPs, which results in purple coloration. Besides, the assay is successfully tested with a RNase A enzyme-treated HCV positive sample, which does not stabilize the Au NPs, thus confirming the role of the viral HCV RNA in this strategy. This Au NP based assay takes about 30 min using the viral RNA isolate and has high specificity with a detection limit of 100 IU mL-1, which is ∼10 fold lower than the state-of-the-art Au NP based strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almas Shamaila Mohammed
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal, Hyderabad-500078, India. and Bioviz Technologies Pvt Ltd, Plot No. 46, UBI Colony, Road No. 3, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad-500034, India
| | - Aniket Balapure
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal, Hyderabad-500078, India.
| | - Mahammad Nanne Khaja
- Bioviz Technologies Pvt Ltd, Plot No. 46, UBI Colony, Road No. 3, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad-500034, India
| | - Ramakrishnan Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal, Hyderabad-500078, India.
| | - Jayati Ray Dutta
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal, Hyderabad-500078, India.
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12
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Gonçalves BC, Lopes Barbosa MG, Silva Olak AP, Belebecha Terezo N, Nishi L, Watanabe MA, Marinello P, Zendrini Rechenchoski D, Dejato Rocha SP, Faccin-Galhardi LC. Antiviral therapies: advances and perspectives. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 35:305-320. [PMID: 33011993 PMCID: PMC7675511 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Viral infections cause high morbidity and mortality, threaten public health, and impose a socioeconomic burden. We have seen the recent emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), the causative agent of COVID‐19 that has already infected more than 29 million people, with more than 900 000 deaths since its identification in December 2019. Considering the significant impact of viral infections, research and development of new antivirals and control strategies are essential. In this paper, we summarize 96 antivirals approved by the Food and Drug Administration between 1987 and 2019. Of these, 49 (51%) are used in treatments against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), four against human papillomavirus, six against cytomegalovirus, eight against hepatitis B virus, five against influenza, six against herpes simplex virus, 17 against hepatitis C virus and one against respiratory syncytial virus. This review also describes future perspectives for new antiviral therapies such as nanotechnologies, monoclonal antibodies and the CRISPR‐Cas system. These strategies are suggested as inhibitors of viral replication by various means, such as direct binding to the viral particle, blocking the infection, changes in intracellular mechanisms or viral genes, preventing replication and virion formation. We also observed that a large number of viral agents have no therapy available and the majority of those approved in the last 32 years are restricted to some groups, especially anti‐HIV. Additionally, the emergence of new viruses and strains resistant to available antivirals has necessitated the formulation of new antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Carolina Gonçalves
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Mário Gabriel Lopes Barbosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Anna Paula Silva Olak
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Natalia Belebecha Terezo
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Leticia Nishi
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Maria Angélica Watanabe
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Poliana Marinello
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Daniele Zendrini Rechenchoski
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Sergio Paulo Dejato Rocha
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Lígia Carla Faccin-Galhardi
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, 86057-970, Brazil
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13
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Mereuta L, Asandei A, Dragomir IS, Bucataru IC, Park J, Seo CH, Park Y, Luchian T. Sequence-specific detection of single-stranded DNA with a gold nanoparticle-protein nanopore approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11323. [PMID: 32647249 PMCID: PMC7347621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68258-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast, cheap and easy to use nucleic acids detection methods are crucial to mitigate adverse impacts caused by various pathogens, and are essential in forensic investigations, food safety monitoring or evolution of infectious diseases. We report here a method based on the α-hemolysin (α-HL) nanopore, working in conjunction to unmodified citrate anion-coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), to detect nanomolar concentrations of short single-stranded DNA sequences (ssDNA). The core idea was to use charge neutral peptide nucleic acids (PNA) as hybridization probe for complementary target ssDNAs, and monitor at the single-particle level the PNA-induced aggregation propensity AuNPs during PNA–DNA duplexes formation, by recording ionic current blockades signature of AuNP–α-HL interactions. This approach offers advantages including: (1) a simple to operate platform, producing clear-cut readout signals based on distinct size differences of PNA-induced AuNPs aggregates, in relation to the presence in solution of complementary ssDNAs to the PNA fragments (2) sensitive and selective detection of target ssDNAs (3) specific ssDNA detection in the presence of interference DNA, without sample labeling or signal amplification. The powerful synergy of protein nanopore-based nanoparticle detection and specific PNA–DNA hybridization introduces a new strategy for nucleic acids biosensing with short detection time and label-free operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Mereuta
- Department of Physics, 'Alexandru I. Cuza' University, 700506, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Alina Asandei
- Sciences Department, Interdisciplinary Research Institute, 'Alexandru I. Cuza' University, 700506, Iasi, Romania
| | - Isabela S Dragomir
- Sciences Department, Interdisciplinary Research Institute, 'Alexandru I. Cuza' University, 700506, Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioana C Bucataru
- Department of Physics, 'Alexandru I. Cuza' University, 700506, Iasi, Romania
| | - Jonggwan Park
- Department of Bioinformatics, Kongju National University, Kongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ho Seo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Kongju National University, Kongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Center for Proteinaceous Materials (RCPM), Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tudor Luchian
- Department of Physics, 'Alexandru I. Cuza' University, 700506, Iasi, Romania.
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14
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Towards the Development of a 3-D Biochip for the Detection of Hepatitis C Virus. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20092719. [PMID: 32397590 PMCID: PMC7249126 DOI: 10.3390/s20092719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The early diagnostics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections is currently one of the most highly demanded medical tasks. This study is devoted to the development of biochips (microarrays) that can be applied for the detection of HCV. The analytical platforms of suggested devices were based on macroporous poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-di(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate) monolithic material. The biochips were obtained by the covalent immobilization of specific probes spotted onto the surface of macroporous monolithic platforms. Using the developed biochips, different variants of bioassay were investigated. This study was carried out using hepatitis C virus-mimetic particles (VMPs) representing polymer nanoparticles with a size close to HCV and bearing surface virus antigen (E2 protein). At the first step, the main parameters of bioassay were optimized. Additionally, the dissociation constants were calculated for the pairs “ligand–receptor” and “antigen–antibody” formed at the surface of biochips. As a result of this study, the analysis of VMPs in model buffer solution and human blood plasma was carried out in a format of direct and “sandwich” approaches. It was found that bioassay efficacy appeared to be similar for both the model medium and real biological fluid. Finally, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), spot-to-spot and biochip-to-biochip reproducibility for the developed systems were evaluated.
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15
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Nanomaterials Designed for Antiviral Drug Delivery Transport across Biological Barriers. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12020171. [PMID: 32085535 PMCID: PMC7076512 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections are a major global health problem, representing a significant cause of mortality with an unfavorable continuously amplified socio-economic impact. The increased drug resistance and constant viral replication have been the trigger for important studies regarding the use of nanotechnology in antiviral therapies. Nanomaterials offer unique physico-chemical properties that have linked benefits for drug delivery as ideal tools for viral treatment. Currently, different types of nanomaterials namely nanoparticles, liposomes, nanospheres, nanogels, nanosuspensions and nanoemulsions were studied either in vitro or in vivo for drug delivery of antiviral agents with prospects to be translated in clinical practice. This review highlights the drug delivery nanosystems incorporating the major antiviral classes and their transport across specific barriers at cellular and intracellular level. Important reflections on nanomedicines currently approved or undergoing investigations for the treatment of viral infections are also discussed. Finally, the authors present an overview on the requirements for the design of antiviral nanotherapeutics.
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