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Sztandera K, Rodríguez-García JL, Ceña V. In Vivo Applications of Dendrimers: A Step toward the Future of Nanoparticle-Mediated Therapeutics. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:439. [PMID: 38675101 PMCID: PMC11053723 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, the development of nanotechnology has allowed for the synthesis of many different nanostructures with controlled sizes, shapes, and chemical properties, with dendrimers being the best-characterized of them. In this review, we present a succinct view of the structure and the synthetic procedures used for dendrimer synthesis, as well as the cellular uptake mechanisms used by these nanoparticles to gain access to the cell. In addition, the manuscript reviews the reported in vivo applications of dendrimers as drug carriers for drugs used in the treatment of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and ocular diseases. The dendrimer-based formulations that have reached different phases of clinical trials, including safety and pharmacokinetic studies, or as delivery agents for therapeutic compounds are also presented. The continuous development of nanotechnology which makes it possible to produce increasingly sophisticated and complex dendrimers indicates that this fascinating family of nanoparticles has a wide potential in the pharmaceutical industry, especially for applications in drug delivery systems, and that the number of dendrimer-based compounds entering clinical trials will markedly increase during the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Sztandera
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, Instituto de Nanociencia Molecular, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Valentín Ceña
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, Instituto de Nanociencia Molecular, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Ilhan-Ayisigi E, Saglam-Metiner P, Sanci E, Bakan B, Yildirim Y, Buhur A, Yavasoglu A, Yavasoglu NUK, Yesil-Celiktas O. Receptor mediated targeting of EGF-conjugated alginate-PAMAM nanoparticles to lung adenocarcinoma: 2D/3D in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129758. [PMID: 38286366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Carboplatin (cis-diamine (1,1-cyclobutandicarboxylaso)‑platinum (II)) is a second-generation antineoplastic drug, which is widely used for chemotherapy of lung, colon, breast, cervix, testicular and digestive system cancers. Although preferred over cisplatin due to the lower incidence of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, efficient carboplatin delivery remains as a major challenge. In this study, carboplatin loaded alginate- poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) hybrid nanoparticles (CAPs) with mean sizes of 192.13 ± 4.15 nm were synthesized using a microfluidic platform, then EGF was conjugated to the surface of CAPs (EGF-CAPs) for the receptor-targeted delivery. Hence, increased FITC+ cell counts were observed in A549 spheroids after EGF-CAP treatment compared to CAP in the 3D cellular uptake study. As such, the cytotoxicity of EGF-CAP was approximately 2-fold higher with an IC50 value of 35.89 ± 10.37 μg/mL compared to the CAPs in A549 spheroids. Based on in vivo experimental animal model, anti-tumor activities of the group treated with CAP decreased by 61 %, whereas the group treated with EGF-CAP completely recovered. Additionally, EGF-CAP application was shown to induce apoptotic cell death. Our study provided a new strategy for designing a hybrid nanoparticle for EGFR targeted carboplatin delivery with improved efficacy both in vitro and in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Ilhan-Ayisigi
- Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kirsehir Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkey; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pelin Saglam-Metiner
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Translational Pulmonary Research Center (EgeSAM), Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Sanci
- Center for Drug Research and Pharmacokinetic Applications (ARGEFAR), Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Buket Bakan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Yildirim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aylin Buhur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Altug Yavasoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - N Ulku Karabay Yavasoglu
- Translational Pulmonary Research Center (EgeSAM), Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Center for Drug Research and Pharmacokinetic Applications (ARGEFAR), Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ozlem Yesil-Celiktas
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Translational Pulmonary Research Center (EgeSAM), Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
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Saman S, Srivastava N, Yasir M, Chauhan I. A Comprehensive Review on Current Treatments and Challenges Involved in the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:142-166. [PMID: 37642226 DOI: 10.2174/1568009623666230811093139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the second most common gynaecological malignancy. It typically affects females over the age of 50, and since 75% of cases are only discovered at stage III or IV, this is a sign of a poor diagnosis. Despite intraperitoneal chemotherapy's chemosensitivity, most patients relapse and face death. Early detection is difficult, but treatment is also difficult due to the route of administration, resistance to therapy with recurrence, and the need for precise cancer targeting to minimize cytotoxicity and adverse effects. On the other hand, undergoing debulking surgery becomes challenging, and therapy with many chemotherapeutic medications has manifested resistance, a condition known as multidrug resistance (MDR). Although there are other therapeutic options for ovarian cancer, this article solely focuses on co-delivery techniques, which work via diverse pathways to overcome cancer cell resistance. Different pathways contribute to MDR development in ovarian cancer; however, usually, pump and non-pump mechanisms are involved. Striking cancerous cells from several angles is important to defeat MDR. Nanocarriers are known to bypass the drug efflux pump found on cellular membranes to hit the pump mechanism. Nanocarriers aid in the treatment of ovarian cancer by enhancing the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumour sites through passive or active targeting, thereby reducing unfavorable side effects on the healthy tissues. Additionally, the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) mechanism boosts the bioavailability of the tumour site. To address the shortcomings of conventional delivery, the current review attempts to explain the current conventional treatment with special reference to passively and actively targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs) towards specific receptors developed to treat ovarian cancer. In conclusion, tailored nanocarriers would optimize medication delivery into the intracellular compartment before optimizing intra-tumour distribution. Other novel treatment possibilities for ovarian cancer include tumour vaccines, gene therapy, targeting epigenetic alteration, and biologically targeted compounds. These characteristics might enhance the therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saika Saman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Nimisha Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Mohd Yasir
- Department of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutics), College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
| | - Iti Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacy, I.T.S College of Pharmacy, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, India
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Lerchbammer-Kreith Y, Hejl M, Vician P, Jakupec MA, Berger W, Galanski MS, Keppler BK. Combination of Drug Delivery Properties of PAMAM Dendrimers and Cytotoxicity of Platinum(IV) Complexes-A More Selective Anticancer Treatment? Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051515. [PMID: 37242758 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on their drug delivery properties and activity against tumors, we combined PAMAM dendrimers with various platinum(IV) complexes in order to provide an improved approach of anticancer treatment. Platinum(IV) complexes were linked to terminal NH2 moieties of PAMAM dendrimers of generation 2 (G2) and 4 (G4) via amide bonds. Conjugates were characterized by 1H and 195Pt NMR spectroscopy, ICP-MS and in representative cases by pseudo-2D diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy. Additionally, the reduction behavior of conjugates in comparison to corresponding platinum(IV) complexes was investigated, showing a faster reduction of conjugates. Cytotoxicity was evaluated via the MTT assay in human cell lines (A549, CH1/PA-1, SW480), revealing IC50 values in the low micromolar to high picomolar range. The synergistic combination of PAMAM dendrimers and platinum(IV) complexes resulted in up to 200 times increased cytotoxic activity of conjugates in consideration of the loaded platinum(IV) units compared to their platinum(IV) counterparts. The lowest IC50 value of 780 ± 260 pM in the CH1/PA-1 cancer cell line was detected for an oxaliplatin-based G4 PAMAM dendrimer conjugate. Finally, in vivo experiments of a cisplatin-based G4 PAMAM dendrimer conjugate were performed based on the best toxicological profile. A maximum tumor growth inhibition effect of 65.6% compared to 47.6% for cisplatin was observed as well as a trend of prolonged animal survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Lerchbammer-Kreith
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Hejl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Vician
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael A Jakupec
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathea S Galanski
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Alfonso-Triguero P, Lorenzo J, Candiota AP, Arús C, Ruiz-Molina D, Novio F. Platinum-Based Nanoformulations for Glioblastoma Treatment: The Resurgence of Platinum Drugs? NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13101619. [PMID: 37242036 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Current therapies for treating Glioblastoma (GB), and brain tumours in general, are inefficient and represent numerous challenges. In addition to surgical resection, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are presently used as standards of care. However, treated patients still face a dismal prognosis with a median survival below 15-18 months. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the main chemotherapeutic agent administered; however, intrinsic or acquired resistance to TMZ contributes to the limited efficacy of this drug. To circumvent the current drawbacks in GB treatment, a large number of classical and non-classical platinum complexes have been prepared and tested for anticancer activity, especially platinum (IV)-based prodrugs. Platinum complexes, used as alkylating agents in the anticancer chemotherapy of some malignancies, are though often associated with severe systemic toxicity (i.e., neurotoxicity), especially after long-term treatments. The objective of the current developments is to produce novel nanoformulations with improved lipophilicity and passive diffusion, promoting intracellular accumulation, while reducing toxicity and optimizing the concomitant treatment of chemo-/radiotherapy. Moreover, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents the access of the drugs to the brain and accumulation in tumour cells, so it represents a key challenge for GB management. The development of novel nanomedicines with the ability to (i) encapsulate Pt-based drugs and pro-drugs, (ii) cross the BBB, and (iii) specifically target cancer cells represents a promising approach to increase the therapeutic effect of the anticancer drugs and reduce undesired side effects. In this review, a critical discussion is presented concerning different families of nanoparticles able to encapsulate platinum anticancer drugs and their application for GB treatment, emphasizing their potential for increasing the effectiveness of platinum-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Alfonso-Triguero
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Lorenzo
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ana Paula Candiota
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Carles Arús
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Daniel Ruiz-Molina
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Novio
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Camacho C, Maciel D, Tomás H, Rodrigues J. Biological Effects in Cancer Cells of Mono- and Bidentate Conjugation of Cisplatin on PAMAM Dendrimers: A Comparative Study. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020689. [PMID: 36840012 PMCID: PMC9960565 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent commonly used to treat cancer. However, its use also leads to serious side effects, such as nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and cardiotoxicity, which limit the dose that can be safely administered to patients. To minimize these problems, dendrimers may be used as carriers for cisplatin through the coordination of their terminal functional groups to platinum. Here, cisplatin was conjugated to half-generation anionic PAMAM dendrimers in mono- and bidentate forms, and their biological effects were assessed in vitro. After preparation and characterization of the metallodendrimers, their cytotoxicity was evaluated against several cancer cell lines (A2780, A2780cisR, MCF-7, and CACO-2 cells) and a non-cancer cell line (BJ cells). The results showed that all the metallodendrimers were cytotoxic and that the cytotoxicity level depended on the cell line and the type of coordination mode (mono- or bidentate). Although, in this study, a correlation between dendrimer generation (number of carried metallic fragments) and cytotoxicity could not be completely established, the monodentate coordination form of cisplatin resulted in lower IC50 values, thus revealing a more accessible cisplatin release from the dendritic scaffold. Moreover, most of the metallodendrimers were more potent than the cisplatin, especially for the A2780 and A2780cisR cell lines, which showed higher selectivity than for non-cancer cells (BJ cells). The monodentate G0.5COO(Pt(NH3)2Cl)8 and G2.5COO(Pt(NH3)2Cl)32 metallodendrimers, as well as the bidentate G2.5COO(Pt(NH3)2)16 metallodendrimer, were even more active towards the cisplatin-resistant cell line (A2780cisR cells) than the correspondent cisplatin-sensitive one (A2780 cells). Finally, the effect of the metallodendrimers on the hemolysis of human erythrocytes was neglectable, and metallodendrimers' interaction with calf thymus DNA seemed to be stronger than that of free cisplatin.
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Ding H, Zhang J, Zhang F, Xu Y, Liang W, Yu Y. Nanotechnological approaches for diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer: a review of recent trends. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:3218-3232. [PMID: 36259505 PMCID: PMC9586634 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2132032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Formulations from nanotechnology platform promote therapeutic drug delivery and offer various advantages such as biocompatibility, non-inflammatory effects, high therapeutic output, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and biocompatibility in comparison with free drug delivery. Due to inherent shortcomings of conventional drug delivery to cancerous tissues, alternative nanotechnological-based approaches have been developed for such ailments. Ovarian cancer is the leading gynecological cancer with higher mortality rates due to its reoccurrence and late diagnosis. In recent years, the field of medical nanotechnology has witnessed significant progress in addressing existing problems and improving the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases including cancer. Nevertheless, the literature and current reviews on nanotechnology are mainly focused on its applications in other cancers or diseases. In this review, we focused on the nanoscale drug delivery systems for ovarian cancer targeted therapy and diagnosis, and different nanocarriers systems including dendrimers, nanoparticles, liposomes, nanocapsules, and nanomicelles for ovarian cancer have been discussed. In comparison to non-functionalized counterparts of nanoformulations, the therapeutic potential and preferential targeting of ovarian cancer through ligand functionalized nanoformulations’ development has been reviewed. Furthermore, numerous biomarkers such as prostatic, mucin 1, CA-125, apoptosis repeat baculoviral inhibitor-5, human epididymis protein-4, and e-cadherin have been identified and elucidated in this review for the assessment of ovarian cancer. Nanomaterial biosensor-based tumor markers and their various types for ovarian cancer diagnosis are explained in this article. In association, different nanocarrier approaches for the ovarian cancer therapy have also been underpinned. To ensure ovarian cancer control and efficient detection, there is an urgent need for faster and less costly medical tools in the arena of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haigang Ding
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Intensive Care Unit, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Medical Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Yijun Yu
- Medical Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
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Alassadi S, Pisani MJ, Wheate NJ. A chemical perspective on the clinical use of platinum-based anticancer drugs. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10835-10846. [PMID: 35781551 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01875f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Platinum drugs have been a mainstay of cancer chemotherapy since the introduction of cisplatin in the 1970s. Since then, carboplatin and oxaliplatin have been approved world-wide and nedaplatin, lobaplatin, heptaplatin, dicycloplatin, and miriplatin have been approved in individual countries. The three main platinum drugs are not used in isolation but are combined in chemotherapy protocols from a range of 28 drugs that include: anthracyclines, alkylating agents, vinca alkaloids, antimetabolites, topoisomerase inhibitors, taxanes, and monoclonal antibodies. Interestingly, they are not yet used in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors or proteasome inhibitors. How platinum drugs are formulated for administration to patients is important to minimise aquation during storage and administration. Cisplatin is typically formulated in saline-based solutions while carboplatin and oxaliplatin are formulated in dextrose. Pharmacokinetics are an important factor in both the efficacy and safety of platinum drugs. This includes the quantity of protein-bound drug in blood serum, how fast the drugs are cleared by the body, and how fast the drugs are degraded and deactivated. Attempts to control platinum pharmacokinetics and side effects using rescue agents, macrocycles, and nanoparticles, and through the design of platinum(IV)-based drugs have not yet resulted in clinically successful outcomes. As cancer is predominantly a disease of old age, many cancer patients who are administered a platinum drug may have other medical conditions which means they may also be taking many non-cancer medicines. The co-administration of non-cancer medicines to patients can potentially affect the efficacy of platinum drugs and/or change the severity of their side effects through drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoohb Alassadi
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Michelle J Pisani
- East Hills Boys High School, Lucas Road, Panania, NSW, 2213, Australia
| | - Nial J Wheate
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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Mekonnen TW, Darge HF, Tsai HC, Birhan YS, Hanurry EY, Gebrie HT, Chou HY, Lai JY, Lin SZ, Harn HJ, Chen YS. Combination of ovalbumin-coated iron oxide nanoparticles and poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-cisplatin nanocomplex for enhanced anticancer efficacy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 213:112391. [PMID: 35158218 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Enhancement of drug efficacy is essential in cancer treatment. The immune stimulator ovalbumin (Ova)-coated citric acid (AC-)-stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles (AC-IO-Ova NPs) and enhanced permeability and retention (EPR)-based tumor targeted 4.5 generation poly(amidoamine) dendrimer(4.5GDP)-cisplatin (Cis-pt) nanocomplex (NC) (4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC) were used for enhanced anticancer efficiency. The formations of 4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC, AC-IO, and AC-IO-Ova NPs were examined via FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The conjugation of Cis-pt with 4.5GDP was confirmed using carbon NMR spectroscopy. The tumor-specific 4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC provided 45%and 28% cumulative cisplatin release in 72 h at pH 6.5 and 7.4, respectively. A significant immune response with high TNF-α and IL-6 cytokine secretion was confirmed for the co-incubation of AC-IO-Ova with RAW 264.7 or HaCaT cells. AC-IO-Ova NPs were biocompatible with different cell lines, even at a high concentration (200 µg mL-1). However, AC-IO-Ova NPs mixed with 4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC (Cis-pt at 15 µg mL-1) significantly increased the cytotoxicity against the cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner with the increasing AC-IO-Ova NPs concentrations. The increased anticancer effects may be attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, AC-IO-Ova NPs might assist the efficiency of anticancer cells, inducing an innate immune response via M1 macrophage polarization. We provide a novel synergistic chemoimmunotherapeutic strategy to enhance the anticancer efficacy of cisplatin via a chemotherapeutic agent 4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC and induce proinflammatory cytokines stimulating innate immunity through AC-IO-Ova NPs against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tefera Worku Mekonnen
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Haile Fentahun Darge
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yihenew Simegniew Birhan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Endiries Yibru Hanurry
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hailemichael Tegenu Gebrie
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Ying Chou
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Shuan Chen
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC; Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC.
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Drug-dendrimer complexes and conjugates: Detailed furtherance through theory and experiments. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 303:102639. [PMID: 35339862 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic nanovectors-based drug delivery has gained significant attention in the past couple of decades. Dendrimers play a crucial role in deciding the solubility of sparingly soluble drug molecules and help in improving pharmacokinetics. A few important steps in drug delivery through dendrimers, such as drug encapsulation, formulation, and target-specific delivery, play an important role in deciding the fate of a drug molecule. It is also of prime importance to understand the interactions between a drug molecule and dendrimers at atomistic levels to decode the mechanism of action of drug-dendrimer complexes and their reliability in terms of drug delivery. Colossal progress in current experimental and computational approaches in the field has resulted in a vast amount of data that needs to be curated to be further implemented efficiently. Improved computational power has led to greater accuracy and prompt predictions of properties of drug-dendrimer complexes and their mechanism of action. The current review encapsulates the pioneering work in the field, experimental achievements in terms of drug delivery, and newer computational techniques employed in the advancement of the field.
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Nguyen NT, Bui QA, Nguyen HHN, Nguyen TT, Ly KL, Tran HLB, Doan VN, Nhi TTY, Nguyen NH, Nguyen NH, Tran NQ, Nguyen DT. Curcuminoid Co-Loading Platinum Heparin-Poloxamer P403 Nanogel Increasing Effectiveness in Antitumor Activity. Gels 2022; 8:59. [PMID: 35049594 PMCID: PMC8774475 DOI: 10.3390/gels8010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanosized multi-drug delivery systems provide synergistic effects between drugs and bioactive compounds, resulting in increased overall efficiency and restricted side effects compared to conventional single-drug chemotherapy. In this study, we develop an amphiphilic heparin-poloxamer P403 (HP403) nanogel that could effectively co-load curcuminoid (Cur) and cisplatin hydrate (CisOH) (HP403@CisOH@Cur) via two loading mechanisms. The HP403 nanogels and HP403@CisOH@Cur nanogels were closely analyzed with 1H-NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, TEM, and DLS, exhibiting high stability in spherical forms. In drug release profiles, accelerated behavior of Cur and CisOH at pH 5.5 compared with neutral pH was observed, suggesting effective delivery of the compounds in tumor sites. In vitro studies showed high antitumor activity of HP403@CisOH@Cur nanogels, while in vivo assays showed that the dual-drug platform prolonged the survival time of mice and prevented tail necrosis. In summary, HP403@CisOH@Cur offers an intriguing strategy to achieve the cisplatin and curcumin synergistic effect in a well-designed delivery platform that increases antitumor effectiveness and overcomes undesired consequences caused by cisplatin in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc The Nguyen
- Faculty of Medicine-Pharmacy, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh City 87000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (K.L.L.)
| | - Quynh Anh Bui
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 71500, Vietnam; (Q.A.B.); (N.H.N.); (N.Q.T.)
| | - Hoang Huong Nhu Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science—Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 72700, Vietnam; (H.H.N.N.); (H.L.B.T.); (V.N.D.)
| | - Tien Thanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Medicine-Pharmacy, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh City 87000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (K.L.L.)
| | - Khanh Linh Ly
- Faculty of Medicine-Pharmacy, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh City 87000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (K.L.L.)
| | - Ha Le Bao Tran
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science—Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 72700, Vietnam; (H.H.N.N.); (H.L.B.T.); (V.N.D.)
| | - Vu Nguyen Doan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science—Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 72700, Vietnam; (H.H.N.N.); (H.L.B.T.); (V.N.D.)
| | - Tran Thi Yen Nhi
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 71500, Vietnam;
- Institute of Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 72800, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Hoa Nguyen
- German Vietnamese Technology Center, HCMC University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh City 72000, Vietnam;
| | - Ngoc Hao Nguyen
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 71500, Vietnam; (Q.A.B.); (N.H.N.); (N.Q.T.)
| | - Ngoc Quyen Tran
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 71500, Vietnam; (Q.A.B.); (N.H.N.); (N.Q.T.)
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 71500, Vietnam;
| | - Dinh Trung Nguyen
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 71500, Vietnam; (Q.A.B.); (N.H.N.); (N.Q.T.)
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12
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Ak G, Akartas I, Özel B, Selvi Günel N, Karasulu HY, Gümüştaş B, Karasulu E, Hamarat Şanlıer Ş. Preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation of cisplatin-bound triblock polymeric micelle solution for ovarian cancer treatment. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2021; 47:1248-1260. [PMID: 34606388 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2021.1989451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to prepare cisplatin (CDDP) bound triblock polymeric micelle solution which will have a hydrophilic shell not being phagocytosed by mononuclear phagocyte system, and evaluate in vitro behavior for the treatment of ovarian cancer. For this aim, CDDP was bound to polyglutamic acid (PGA) and the triblock polymer was prepared using polyethylene glycol)-polylactide-co-glycolide (PEG-PLGA). CDDP-bound triblock copolymer conjugation was characterized, in vitro release and permeability studies were performed using USP II method and Caco-2 cell lines, respectively. The release of CDDP from CDDP-bound triblock polymeric micelle solution was found 87.3 ± 3.56% at the end of the 24th hour. CDDP bound triblock polymeric micelle solution was detected as biocompatible, and permeable according to in vitro studies. According to the MTT results, the measured cytotoxicity was found to be maximum in CDDP-bound triblock polymeric micelle solution when compared with CDDP solution and conjugate in SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells, whereas annexin V-FITC apoptosis results were found to be maximum in A2780 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güliz Ak
- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Center for Drug Research and Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Irfan Akartas
- Faculty of Pharmacy, European University of Lefke, Lefke, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Buket Özel
- Center for Drug Research and Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nur Selvi Günel
- Center for Drug Research and Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hatice Yeşim Karasulu
- Center for Drug Research and Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Barış Gümüştaş
- Center for Drug Research and Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ercüment Karasulu
- Center for Drug Research and Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Şenay Hamarat Şanlıer
- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Center for Drug Research and Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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13
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14
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Nazlı H, Gedik G. In-vitro evaluation of dendrimeric formulation of oxaliplatin. Pharm Dev Technol 2021; 26:750-764. [PMID: 34154500 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2021.1944205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is, preparing various dendrimeric formulations of oxaliplatin and investigating their properties. First of all, the solubility enhancement capabilities of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) G3.5 and PAMAM G4.5 dendrimers were investigated. The results showed that oxaliplatin solubility mostly increasing linearly with dendrimer concentration. Additionally, the increase was more notable in PAMAM G4.5 dendrimers. Then, drug-dendrimer complexes were prepared in different mediums, since the medium used can affect the amount of drug-loaded to dendrimers. Prepared complexes were examined for loading capacity and loading efficiency. It was found that PAMAM G4.5 dendrimers can complex with 2- to 5-fold more oxaliplatin than PAMAM G3.5. Finally, oxaliplatin was modified to a platinum (IV) compound to prepare chemical drug-dendrimer conjugates. Ester bonds were established by Steglich esterification through the hydroxyl group of modified oxaliplatin and the carboxyl groups of the dendrimers. The formulations were characterized by UV, IR, NMR spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering techniques. PAMAM G3.5 conjugate was further evaluated for the cytotoxicity test. The IC50 value of PAMAM G3.5 conjugate was found as 0.72 µM. For unmodified oxaliplatin, this value was 14.03 µM. As a result, a dendrimer-based drug delivery system that has been found promising for further improvement has been developed successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Nazlı
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Gedik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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15
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Zajda J, Wróblewska A, Ruzik L, Matczuk M. Methodology for characterization of platinum-based drug's targeted delivery nanosystems. J Control Release 2021; 335:178-190. [PMID: 34022322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conventional anticancer therapies exploiting platinum-based drugs rely principally on the intravascular injection of the therapeutic agent. The anticancer drug is distributed throughout the body by the systemic blood circulation undergoing cellular uptake, rapid clearance and excretion. Consequently, only a small portion of the platinum-based drug reaches the tumor site, which is associated with severe side effects. For this reason, targeted delivery systems are of great need since they offer enhanced and selective delivery of a drug to cancerous cells making the therapy safe and more effective. Up to date, a variety of the Pt-based drug targeted delivery systems (Pt-based DTDSs) utilizing nanomaterials have been developed and tested using a range of analytical techniques that provided essential information on their synthesis, stability, biodistribution and cytotoxicity. Here we summarize those experimental techniques indicating their applicability at different stages of the research, as well as pointing out their strengths, advantages, drawbacks and limitations. Also, the existing strategies and approaches are critically reviewed with the objective to reveal and give rise to the development of the analytical methodology suitable for reliable Pt-based DTDSs characterization which would eventually result in novel therapies and better patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zajda
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Wróblewska
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Ruzik
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Matczuk
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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16
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Camacho C, Tomás H, Rodrigues J. Use of Half-Generation PAMAM Dendrimers (G0.5–G3.5) with Carboxylate End-Groups to Improve the DACHPtCl2 and 5-FU Efficacy as Anticancer Drugs. Molecules 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The DACHPtCl2 compound (trans-(R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexanedichloroplatinum(II)) is a potent anticancer drug with a broad spectrum of activity and is less toxic than oxaliplatin (trans-l-diaminocyclohexane oxalate platinum II), with which it shares the active metal fragment DACHPt. Nevertheless, due to poor water solubility, its use as a chemotherapeutic drug is limited. Here, DACHPtCl2 was conjugated, in a bidentate form, with half-generation PAMAM dendrimers (G0.5–G3.5) with carboxylate end-groups, and the resulting conjugates were evaluated against various types of cancer cell lines. In this way, we aimed at increasing the solubility and availability at the target site of DACHPt while potentially reducing the adverse side effects. DNA binding assays showed a hyperchromic effect compatible with DNA helix’s disruption upon the interaction of the metallodendrimers and/or the released active metallic fragments with DNA. Furthermore, the prepared DACHPt metallodendrimers presented cytotoxicity in a wide set of cancer cell lines used (the relative potency regarding oxaliplatin was in general high) and were not hemotoxic. Importantly, their selectivity for A2780 and CACO-2 cancer cells with respect to non-cancer cells was particularly high. Subsequently, the anticancer drug 5-FU was loaded in a selected metallodendrimer (the G2.5COO(DACHPt)16) to investigate a possible synergistic effect between the two drugs carried by the same dendrimer scaffold and tested for cytotoxicity in A2780cisR and CACO-2 cancer cell lines. This combination resulted in IC50 values much lower than the IC50 for 5-FU but higher than those found for the metallodendrimers without 5-FU. It seems, thus, that the metallic fragment-induced cytotoxicity dominates over the cytotoxicity of 5-FU in the set of considered cell lines.
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17
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Camacho C, Tomás H, Rodrigues J. Use of Half-Generation PAMAM Dendrimers (G0.5-G3.5) with Carboxylate End-Groups to Improve the DACHPtCl 2 and 5-FU Efficacy as Anticancer Drugs. Molecules 2021; 26:2924. [PMID: 34069054 PMCID: PMC8156256 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The DACHPtCl2 compound (trans-(R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexanedichloroplatinum(II)) is a potent anticancer drug with a broad spectrum of activity and is less toxic than oxaliplatin (trans-l-diaminocyclohexane oxalate platinum II), with which it shares the active metal fragment DACHPt. Nevertheless, due to poor water solubility, its use as a chemotherapeutic drug is limited. Here, DACHPtCl2 was conjugated, in a bidentate form, with half-generation PAMAM dendrimers (G0.5-G3.5) with carboxylate end-groups, and the resulting conjugates were evaluated against various types of cancer cell lines. In this way, we aimed at increasing the solubility and availability at the target site of DACHPt while potentially reducing the adverse side effects. DNA binding assays showed a hyperchromic effect compatible with DNA helix's disruption upon the interaction of the metallodendrimers and/or the released active metallic fragments with DNA. Furthermore, the prepared DACHPt metallodendrimers presented cytotoxicity in a wide set of cancer cell lines used (the relative potency regarding oxaliplatin was in general high) and were not hemotoxic. Importantly, their selectivity for A2780 and CACO-2 cancer cells with respect to non-cancer cells was particularly high. Subsequently, the anticancer drug 5-FU was loaded in a selected metallodendrimer (the G2.5COO(DACHPt)16) to investigate a possible synergistic effect between the two drugs carried by the same dendrimer scaffold and tested for cytotoxicity in A2780cisR and CACO-2 cancer cell lines. This combination resulted in IC50 values much lower than the IC50 for 5-FU but higher than those found for the metallodendrimers without 5-FU. It seems, thus, that the metallic fragment-induced cytotoxicity dominates over the cytotoxicity of 5-FU in the set of considered cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Camacho
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal; (C.C.); (H.T.)
| | - Helena Tomás
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal; (C.C.); (H.T.)
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal; (C.C.); (H.T.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Nano Energy Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
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18
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Moorthy H, Govindaraju T. Dendrimer Architectonics to Treat Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases with Implications in Theranostics and Personalized Medicine. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1115-1139. [PMID: 35014470 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Integration of diagnostic and therapeutic functions in a single platform namely theranostics has become a cornerstone for personalized medicine. Theranostics platform facilitates noninvasive detection and treatment while allowing the monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic efficacy in case of chronic conditions of cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Theranostic tools function by themselves or with the aid of carrier, viz. liposomes, micelles, polymers, or dendrimers. The dendrimer architectures (DA) are well-characterized molecular nanoobjects with a large number of terminal functional groups to enhance solubility and offer multivalency and multifunctional properties. Various noninvasive diagnostic tools like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), gamma scintigraphy, and optical techniques have been accomplished utilizing DAs for simultaneous imaging and drug delivery. Obstacles in the formulation design, drug loading, payload delivery, biocompatibility, overcoming cellular membrane and blood-brain barrier (BBB), and systemic circulation remain a bottleneck in translational efforts. This review focuses on the diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic potential of DA-based nanocarriers in treating cancer and neurodegenerative disorders like AD and Parkinson's disease (PD), among others. In view of the inverse relationship between cancer and AD, designing suitable DA-based theranostic nanodrug with high selectivity has tremendous implications in personalized medicine to treat cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hariharan Moorthy
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and The School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India
| | - Thimmaiah Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and The School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India
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19
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Nanotechnology in ovarian cancer: Diagnosis and treatment. Life Sci 2020; 266:118914. [PMID: 33340527 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the drawbacks of conventional delivery, this review spotlights a number of nanoscale drug delivery systems, including nanoparticles, liposomes, nano micelles, branched dendrimers, nanocapsules, and nanostructured lipid formulations for the targeted therapy of ovarian cancer. These nanoformulations offer numerous advantages to promote therapeutic drug delivery such as nontoxicity, biocompatibility, good biodegradability, increased therapeutic impact than free drugs, and non-inflammatory effects. Importantly, the development of specific ligands functionalized nanoformulations enable preferential targeting of ovarian tumors and eventually amplify the therapeutic potential compared to nonfunctionalized counterparts. Ovarian cancer is typically identified by biomarker assessment such as CA125, HE4, Mucin 1, and prostatic. There is, nevertheless, a tremendous demand for less costly, faster, and compact medical tools, both for timely detection and ovarian cancer control. This paper explored multiple types of tumor marker-based on nanomaterial biosensors. Initially, we mention different forms of ovarian cancer biomarkers involving CA125, human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), mucin 1 (MUC1), and prostate. It is accompanied by a brief description of new nanotechnology methods for diagnosis. Nanobiosensors for evaluating ovarian cancer biomarkers can be categorized based on electrochemical, optical, paper-based, giant magnetoresistive, and lab-on-a-chip devices.
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20
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Gupta S, Pathak Y, Gupta MK, Vyas SP. Nanoscale drug delivery strategies for therapy of ovarian cancer: conventional vs targeted. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 47:4066-4088. [PMID: 31625408 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1677680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynaecological malignancy. It usually occurs in women older than 50 years, and because 75% of cases are diagnosed at stage III or IV it is associated with poor diagnosis. Despite the chemosensitivity of intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the majority of patients is relapsed and eventually dies. In addition to the challenge of early detection, its treatment presents several challenges like the route of administration, resistance to therapy with recurrence and specific targeting of cancer to reduce cytotoxicity and side effects. In ovarian cancer therapy, nanocarriers help overcome problems of poor aqueous solubility of chemotherapeutic drugs and enhance their delivery to the tumour sites either by passive or active targeting, and thus reducing adverse side effects to the healthy tissues. Moreover, the bioavailability to the tumour site is increased by the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) mechanism. The present review aims to describe the current conventional treatment with special reference to passively and actively targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs) towards specific receptors designed against ovarian cancer to overcome the drawbacks of conventional delivery. Conclusively, targeted nanocarriers would optimise the intra-tumour distribution, followed by drug delivery into the intracellular compartment. These features may contribute to greater therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Gupta
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh , Noida , India
| | - Yashwant Pathak
- College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida Health , Tampa , FL , USA.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Airlangga , Surabaya , Indonesia
| | - Manish K Gupta
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), Gual Pahari, TERI Gram , Gurugram , India
| | - Suresh P Vyas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr H.S. Gour University , Sagar , India
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21
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Modified Carboxyl-Terminated PAMAM Dendrimers as Great Cytocompatible Nano-Based Drug Delivery System. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20082016. [PMID: 31022905 PMCID: PMC6514678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20082016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers are extensively researched as potential drug delivery system thanks to their desirable features such as controlled and stable structures, and ease of functionalization onto their surface active groups. However, there have been concerns about the toxicity of full generation dendrimers and risks of premature clearance from circulation, along with other physical drawbacks presented in previous formulations, including large particle sizes and low drug loading efficiency. In our study, carboxyl-terminated PAMAM dendrimer G3.5 was grafted with poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether (mPEG) to be employed as a nano-based drug delivery system with great cytocompatibility for the delivery of carboplatin (CPT), a widely prescribed anticancer drug with strong side effects so that the drug will be effectively entrapped and not exhibit uncontrolled outflow from the open structure of unmodified PAMAM G3.5. The particles formed were spherical in shape and had the optimal size range (around 36 nm) that accommodates high drug entrapment efficiency. Surface charge was also determined to be almost neutral and the system was cytocompatible. In vitro release patterns over 24 h showed a prolonged CPT release compared to free drug, which correlated to the cytotoxicity assay on malignant cell lines showing the lack of anticancer effect of CPT/mPEG-G3.5 compared with CPT.
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22
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Majumder J, Taratula O, Minko T. Nanocarrier-based systems for targeted and site specific therapeutic delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 144:57-77. [PMID: 31400350 PMCID: PMC6748653 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Systemic drug delivery methods such as oral or parenteral administration of free drugs possess relatively low treatment efficiency and marked adverse side effects. The use of nanoparticles for drug delivery in most cases substantially enhances drug efficacy, improves pharmacokinetics and drug release and limits their side effects. However, further enhancement in drug efficacy and significant limitation of adverse side effects can be achieved by specific targeting of nanocarrier-based delivery systems especially in combination with local administration. The present review describes major advantages and limitations of organic and inorganic nanocarriers or living cell-based drug and nucleic acid delivery systems. Among these, different nanoparticles, supramolecular gels, therapeutic cells as living drug carriers etc. have emerged as a new frontier in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeb Majumder
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Oleh Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Tamara Minko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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23
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Saeedi M, Eslamifar M, Khezri K, Dizaj SM. Applications of nanotechnology in drug delivery to the central nervous system. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:666-675. [PMID: 30611991 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the researchers and drug designers have given growing attention to new nanotechnology strategies to improve drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). Nanotechnology has a great potential to affect the treatment of neurological disorders, mainly Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, brain tumors, and stroke. With regard to neurodegeneration, several studies showed that nanomaterials have been successfully used for the treatments of CNS disorders. In this regard, nanocarriers have facilitated the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics resulting in the efficient inhibition of disease progression in malignant brain tumors. Therefore, the most efficacious application of nanomaterials is the use of these substances in the treatment of CNS disease that enhances the overall effect of drug and highlights the importance of nano-therapeutics. This study was conducted to review the evidence on the applications of nanotechnology in designing drug delivery systems with the ability to cross through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in order to transfer the therapeutic agents to the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Saeedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Eslamifar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran.
| | - Khadijeh Khezri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran..
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center and Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Synergic Activity Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Growth of Nanocurcumin-Encapsulated and Cisplatin-Complexed Nanogels. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123347. [PMID: 30567316 PMCID: PMC6321001 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanogel-based systems loaded with single anticancer drugs display miscellaneous effectiveness in tumor remission, gradually circumventing mutation and resistance in chemotherapy. Hence, the existence of dual-drug delivered nano-sized systems has been contemporaneous with drug development and preceded the conventional-dose chemotherapy. Among outstanding synergistic drug nanoplatforms, thermosensitive copolymer heparin-Pluronic F127 (Hep-F127) co-delivering cisplatin (CDDP) and curcumins (Cur) (Hep-F127/CDDP/Cur) has emerged as a notable candidate for temperature-responsive drug delivery. The procedure was based on the entrapment of curcumin into the hydrophobic core of bio-degradable co-polymer Hep-F127 while the hydrophilic drug CDDP subsequently conjugated to the backbone heparin to form the core-shell structure. The copolymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometry, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), to corroborate the successful synthesis and via HPLC along with AES-ICP to evaluate the high drug loading along with a controllable release from the nano-gels. A well-defined nano-shell with size in the 129.3 ± 3.8 nm size range could enhance higher the efficacy of the conjugated-CDDP to Hep-F127 than that of single doses. Moreover, the considerable amount of dual-drug released from thermosensitive nanogels between different conditions (pH = 7.4 and pH = 5.5) in comparison to CDDP from Hep-F127 partially indicated the significantly anti-proliferative ability of Hep-F127/CDDP/Cur to the MCF-7 cell line. Remarkably, drug testing in a xenograft model elucidates the intricate synergism of co-delivery in suppressing tumor growth, which remedies some of the problems affecting in cancer chemotherapy.
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Auricularia auriculajudae polysaccharide-cisplatin complexes conjugated with folic acid as new tumor targeting agents. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:966-974. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Sherje AP, Jadhav M, Dravyakar BR, Kadam D. Dendrimers: A versatile nanocarrier for drug delivery and targeting. Int J Pharm 2018; 548:707-720. [PMID: 30012508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimers are novel polymeric nanoarchitectures characterized by hyper-branched 3D-structure having multiple functional groups on the surface that increases their functionality and make them versatile and biocompatible. Their unique properties like nanoscale uniform size, high degree of branching, polyvalency, water solubility, available internal cavities and convenient synthesis approaches make them promising agent for biological and drug delivery applications. Dendrimers have received an enormous attention from researchers among various nanomaterials. Dendrimers can be used as a carrier for diverse therapeutic agents. They can be used for reducing drug toxicities and enhancement of their efficacies. The present review provide a comprehensive outline of synthesis of dendrimers, interaction of dendrimer with guest molecules, properties, characterization and their potential applications in pharmaceutical and biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul P Sherje
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400 056, India.
| | - Mrunal Jadhav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400 056, India
| | - Bhushan R Dravyakar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400 056, India
| | - Darshana Kadam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400 056, India
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Kim Y, Park EJ, Na DH. Recent progress in dendrimer-based nanomedicine development. Arch Pharm Res 2018; 41:571-582. [PMID: 29450862 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-1008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dendrimers offer well-defined nanoarchitectures with spherical shape, high degree of molecular uniformity, and multiple surface functionalities. Such unique structural properties of dendrimers have created many applications for drug and gene delivery, nanomedicine, diagnostics, and biomedical engineering. Dendrimers are not only capable of delivering drugs or diagnostic agents to desired sites by encapsulating or conjugating them to the periphery, but also have therapeutic efficacy in their own. When compared to traditional polymers for drug delivery, dendrimers have distinct advantages, such as high drug-loading capacity at the surface terminal for conjugation or interior space for encapsulation, size control with well-defined numbers of peripheries, and multivalency for conjugation to drugs, targeting moieties, molecular sensors, and biopolymers. This review focuses on recent applications of dendrimers for the development of dendrimer-based nanomedicines for cancer, inflammation, and viral infection. Although dendrimer-based nanomedicines still face some challenges including scale-up production and well-characterization, several dendrimer-based drug candidates are expected to enter clinical development phase in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hee Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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Zhu X, Peng Y, Qiu L. Amino-functionalized nano-vesicles for enhanced anticancer efficacy and reduced myelotoxicity of carboplatin. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 157:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Wilde M, Green RJ, Sanders MR, Greco F. Biophysical studies in polymer therapeutics: the interactions of anionic and cationic PAMAM dendrimers with lipid monolayers. J Drug Target 2017; 25:910-918. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1365877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marleen Wilde
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Pang CT, Ammit AJ, Ong YQE, Wheate NJ. para-Sulfonatocalix[4]arene and polyamidoamine dendrimer nanocomplexes as delivery vehicles for a novel platinum anticancer agent. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 176:1-7. [PMID: 28810174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Novel para-sulfonatocalix[4]arene (sCX[4]) and polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer nanocomplexes were evaluated as delivery vehicles for the platinum anticancer agent [(1,10-phenanthroline)(1S,2S-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II)] chloride (PHENSS). Different ratios of sCX[4] to PHENSS were tested for their compatibility, with a ratio of 6:1 sCX[4]:PHENSS having the best solubility. The loading of sCX[4], and sCX[4]-bound PHENSS, onto three different generations of PAMAM dendrimers (G3.0-5.0) was examined using UV-visible spectrophotometry. The quantity of sCX[4] bound was found to increase exponentially with dendrimer size: G3, 15 sCX[4] molecules per dendrimer; G4, 37; and G5, 78. Similarly, the loading of sCX[4]-bound PHENSS also increased with increasing dendrimer size: G3, 7 PHENSS molecules per dendrimer; G4, 14; and G5, 28.5. The loading of sCX[4]-bound PHENSS molecules is significantly lower when compared with that of sCX[4], which indicates that less than half of the binding sites were occupied (45, 44, and 44%, respectively). By 1H NMR and UV-vis analysis, the nanocomplex was found to be stable in NaCl solutions at concentrations up to 150mM. While PHENSS is more active in vitro than cisplatin against the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, delivery of PHENSS using the sCX[4]-dendrimer nanocomplexes, regardless of dendrimer generation, had little effect on PHENSS cytotoxicity. The results of this study may have application in the delivery of a variety of small molecule metal-based drugs for which chemical conjugation to a nanoparticle is undesired or not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ting Pang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Alaina J Ammit
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | | | - Nial J Wheate
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Parker JP, Ude Z, Marmion CJ. Exploiting developments in nanotechnology for the preferential delivery of platinum-based anti-cancer agents to tumours: targeting some of the hallmarks of cancer. Metallomics 2016; 8:43-60. [PMID: 26567482 DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Platinum drugs as anti-cancer therapeutics are held in extremely high regard. Despite their success, there are drawbacks associated with their use; their dose-limiting toxicity, their limited activity against an array of common cancers and patient resistance to Pt-based therapeutic regimes. Current investigations in medicinal inorganic chemistry strive to offset these shortcomings through selective targeting of Pt drugs and/or the development of Pt drugs with new or multiple modes of action. A comprehensive overview showcasing how liposomes, nanocapsules, polymers, dendrimers, nanoparticles and nanotubes may be employed as vehicles to selectively deliver cytotoxic Pt payloads to tumour cells is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Parker
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Ziga Ude
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Celine J Marmion
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Sharma AK, Gothwal A, Kesharwani P, Alsaab H, Iyer AK, Gupta U. Dendrimer nanoarchitectures for cancer diagnosis and anticancer drug delivery. Drug Discov Today 2016; 22:314-326. [PMID: 27671487 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dendrimers are novel nanoarchitectures with unique properties including a globular 3D shape, a monodispersed unimicellar nature and a nanometric size range. The availability of multiple peripheral functional groups and tunable surface engineering enable the facile modification of the dendrimer surface with different therapeutic drugs, diagnostic agents and targeting ligands. Drug encapsulation, and solubilizing and passive targeting also equally contribute to the therapeutic use of dendrimers. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the delivery of anticancer drugs using dendrimers, as well as other biomedical and diagnostic applications. Taken together, the immense potential and utility of dendrimers are envisaged to have a significant positive impact on the growing arena of drug delivery and targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Avinash Gothwal
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, The International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Hashem Alsaab
- Use-Inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Ave, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Arun K Iyer
- Use-Inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Ave, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Umesh Gupta
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India.
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Duan X, He C, Kron SJ, Lin W. Nanoparticle formulations of cisplatin for cancer therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 8:776-91. [PMID: 26848041 PMCID: PMC4975677 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The genotoxic agent cisplatin, used alone or in combination with radiation and/or other chemotherapeutic agents, is an important first-line chemotherapy for a broad range of cancers. The clinical utility of cisplatin is limited both by intrinsic and acquired resistance and dose-limiting normal tissue toxicity. That cisplatin shows little selectivity for tumor versus normal tissue may be a critical factor limiting its value. To overcome the low therapeutic ratio of the free drug, macromolecular, liposomal, and nanoparticle drug delivery systems have been explored toward leveraging the enhanced permeability and retention effect and promoting delivery of cisplatin to tumors. Here, we survey recent advances in nanoparticle formulations of cisplatin, focusing on agents that show promise in preclinical or clinical settings. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2016, 8:776-791. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1390 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopin Duan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 929 E 57 St, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chunbai He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 929 E 57 St, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Stephen J. Kron
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 929 E 57 St, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Wenbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 929 E 57 St, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Jimenez-Ruiz A, Grueso E, Perez-Tejeda P, Muriel-Delgado F, Torres-Marquez C. Electrochemiluminescent (ECL) [Ru(bpy)3]2+/PAMAM dendrimer reactions: coreactant effect and 5-fluorouracil/dendrimer complex formation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:7213-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9816-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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In vitro and in vivo uptake studies of PAMAM G4.5 dendrimers in breast cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2016; 14:45. [PMID: 27297021 PMCID: PMC4906583 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Nanotechnology approaches can overcome the side effects of chemotherapy as well as improve the efficacy of drugs. Dendrimers are nanometric size polymers which are suitable as drug delivery systems. To the best of our knowledge, studies on the application of PAMAM G4.5 (polyamidoamine half generation 4) dendrimers as potential drug delivery systems in breast cancer have not been reported. In this work we developed a PAMAM G4.5 dendrimer containing FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate) dye to study their uptake by murine breast cancer cells and BALB/c mice breast tumors. Results We performed a reaction between FITC and PAMAM G4.5 dendrimers which were previously derivatized with piperazine (linker molecule), characterized them by 1H NMR (proton nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization- time-of-flight) mass spectrometry. The experimental data indicated that 2 FITC molecules could be bound covalently at the PAMAM G4.5 dendrimer surface, with 17 FITC molecules probably occluded in PAMAM dendrimers cavity. PAMAM-FITC dendrimer (PAMAM G4.5-piperazinyl-FITC dendrimer) size distribution was evaluated by DLS (dynamic light scattering) and TEM (transmission electron microscopy). The nanoparticle hydrodynamic size was 96.3 ± 1.4 nm with a PdI (polydispersion index) of 0.0296 ± 0.0171, and the size distribution measured by TEM was 44.2 ± 9.2 nm. PAMAM-FITC dendrimers were neither cytotoxic in 4T1 cells nor hemolytic up to 24 h of incubation. In addition, they were uptaken in vitro by 4T1 cells and in vivo by BALB/c mice breast tumors. PAMAM G4.5-piperazinyl-FITC dendrimer intracellular distribution was observed through histologic analysis of the tumor by laser confocal microscopy. Conclusion These results indicate that PAMAM G4.5 dendrimers enter tumor tissue cells, being good candidates to be used as antitumor drug delivery systems for breast cancer treatment and diagnosis.
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Medříková Z, Novohradsky V, Zajac J, Vrána O, Kasparkova J, Bakandritsos A, Petr M, Zbořil R, Brabec V. Enhancing Tumor Cell Response to Chemotherapy through the Targeted Delivery of Platinum Drugs Mediated by Highly Stable, Multifunctional Carboxymethylcellulose-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2016; 22:9750-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zdenka Medříková
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacky University; 17. listopadu 12 77146 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Novohradsky
- Institute of Biophysics; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i.; Kralovopolska 135 612 65 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Zajac
- Institute of Biophysics; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i.; Kralovopolska 135 612 65 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Biophysics; Faculty of Science; Palacky University; 17. listopadu 12 77146 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Oldřich Vrána
- Institute of Biophysics; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i.; Kralovopolska 135 612 65 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Institute of Biophysics; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i.; Kralovopolska 135 612 65 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Aristides Bakandritsos
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacky University; 17. listopadu 12 77146 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Martin Petr
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacky University; 17. listopadu 12 77146 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacky University; 17. listopadu 12 77146 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i.; Kralovopolska 135 612 65 Brno Czech Republic
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Peng Z, Li H, Ba X, Zhao J, Sun X, Li Y. Synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles in the PAMAM hydrogen network template. E-POLYMERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2015-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIntramolecular nanocavities in polyamidoamine (PAMAM) are usually used as a good template to synthesize nanoparticles. In this paper, TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared successfully by the interspaces of the hydrogen network between PAMAM. The possible mechanism was that PAMAM could form the steady microspheres with many interspaces in ammonia aqueous solution at pH=10. The interspaces of the hydrogen network could act as the template for preparing TiO2 nanoparticles. The results were proved by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong Li
- 3National Engineering Rubber Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Hengshui-053000, P.R. China
| | - Xinwu Ba
- 1College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding-071002, P.R. China
| | - Junchai Zhao
- 2School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
| | - Xiuguo Sun
- 2School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
| | - Yanting Li
- 2School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
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38
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Dag A, Callari M, Lu H, Stenzel MH. Modulating the cellular uptake of platinum drugs with glycopolymers. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01579k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potency of platinum-based anticancer drugs can be substantially improved through the use of fructose-coated nanocarrier systems to target cancer cells efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydan Dag
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemistry
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Manuela Callari
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemistry
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Hongxu Lu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemistry
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemistry
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
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Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterization of the interaction of anti-cancer photosensitizers with dendrimers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:535-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Electrogenerated chemiluminescence reactions between the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ complex and PAMAM GX.0 dendrimers in an aqueous medium. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 151:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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41
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Target-selective delivery and activation of platinum-based anticancer agents. Future Med Chem 2015; 7:911-27. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.15.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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42
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Aderibigbe BA. Polymeric Prodrugs Containing Metal-Based Anticancer Drugs. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-015-0220-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Peng H, Liu X, Wang G, Li M, Bratlie KM, Cochran E, Wang Q. Polymeric multifunctional nanomaterials for theranostics. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:6856-6870. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00617a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Various applications of polymeric multifunctional nanomaterials for theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisheng Peng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Daqing Campus
- Harbin Medical University
- Daqing
- China
| | - Guangtian Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Daqing Campus
- Harbin Medical University
- Daqing
- China
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Daqing Campus
- Harbin Medical University
- Daqing
- China
| | - Kaitlin M. Bratlie
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
- Depatrment of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Eric Cochran
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
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Engelberth SA, Hempel N, Bergkvist M. Development of nanoscale approaches for ovarian cancer therapeutics and diagnostics. Crit Rev Oncog 2014; 19:281-315. [PMID: 25271436 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2014011455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest of all gynecological cancers and the fifth leading cause of death due to cancer in women. This is largely due to late-stage diagnosis, poor prognosis related to advanced-stage disease, and the high recurrence rate associated with development of chemoresistance. Survival statistics have not improved significantly over the last three decades, highlighting the fact that improved therapeutic strategies and early detection require substantial improvements. Here, we review and highlight nanotechnology-based approaches that seek to address this need. The success of Doxil, a PEGylated liposomal nanoencapsulation of doxorubicin, which was approved by the FDA for use on recurrent ovarian cancer, has paved the way for the current wave of nanoparticle formulations in drug discovery and clinical trials. We discuss and summarize new nanoformulations that are currently moving into clinical trials and highlight novel nanotherapeutic strategies that have shown promising results in preclinical in vivo studies. Further, the potential for nanomaterials in diagnostic imaging techniques and the ability to leverage nanotechnology for early detection of ovarian cancer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadine Hempel
- SUNY College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Albany NY 12203
| | - Magnus Bergkvist
- SUNY College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Albany NY 12203
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45
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Synthesis and properties of a new micellar polyphosphazene–platinum(II) conjugate drug. J Inorg Biochem 2014; 140:45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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46
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Callari M, Aldrich-Wright JR, de Souza PL, Stenzel MH. Polymers with platinum drugs and other macromolecular metal complexes for cancer treatment. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Oun R, Plumb JA, Wheate NJ. A cisplatin slow-release hydrogel drug delivery system based on a formulation of the macrocycle cucurbit[7]uril, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol. J Inorg Biochem 2014; 134:100-5. [PMID: 24595010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer drug cisplatin was encapsulated within the cucurbit[7]uril macrocycle to form the host-guest complex: cisplatin@CB[7]. This was then incorporated into gelatin and 0-4% w/v polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based hydrogels as slow release drug delivery vehicles. The hydrogels demonstrated predicable swelling and disintegration dependent on the PVA concentration. The hydrogel with the highest PVA content was slower to swell and release drug compared with lower concentrations of PVA. The effect of the hydrogel PVA concentration on in vitro cytotoxicity was examined using A2780/CP70 ovarian cancer cells. Over the 24h drug exposure time used, hydrogels containing 4% PVA showed a 20% decrease in viable cells compared to the control, whereas hydrogels containing 0% and 2% PVA induced an 80% and 45% inhibition of cell growth, respectively. There was no measurable difference in the in vitro cytotoxicity of free cisplatin and cisplatin@CB[7] containing hydrogels. Finally, the in vivo effectiveness of a 2%-PVA hydrogel implanted under the skin of nude mice bearing A2780/CP70 xenografts showed that low dose hydrogels containing cisplatin@CB[7] (30 μg equivalent of drug) was just as effective as an intraperitoneal high dose administration of free cisplatin (150 μg) at inhibiting tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabbab Oun
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Jane A Plumb
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Cancer Research UK Beatson Laboratories, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1BD, United Kingdom
| | - Nial J Wheate
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Arnáiz E, Vacas-Córdoba E, Galán M, Pion M, Gómez R, Muñoz-Fernández MAÁ, de la Mata FJ. Synthesis of anionic carbosilane dendrimers via “click chemistry” and their antiviral properties against HIV. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Arnáiz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario; E-28871 Alcalá de Henares Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); Spain
| | - Enrique Vacas-Córdoba
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); Spain
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología Molecular; Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón; E-28007 Madrid Spain
| | - Marta Galán
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario; E-28871 Alcalá de Henares Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); Spain
| | - Marjorie Pion
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); Spain
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología Molecular; Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón; E-28007 Madrid Spain
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario; E-28871 Alcalá de Henares Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); Spain
| | - MA Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); Spain
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología Molecular; Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón; E-28007 Madrid Spain
| | - F. Javier de la Mata
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario; E-28871 Alcalá de Henares Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); Spain
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49
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Xu L, Zhang H, Wu Y. Dendrimer advances for the central nervous system delivery of therapeutics. ACS Chem Neurosci 2014; 5:2-13. [PMID: 24274162 DOI: 10.1021/cn400182z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of noninvasive treatment for central nervous system (CNS) diseases is generally limited by the poor access of therapeutic agents into the CNS. Most CNS drugs cannot permeate into the brain parenchyma because of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and overcoming this has become one of the most significant challenges in the development of CNS therapeutics. Rapid advances in nanotechnology have provided promising solutions to this challenge. This review discusses the latest applications of dendrimers in the treatment of CNS diseases with an emphasis on brain tumors. Dendrimer-mediated drug delivery, imaging, and diagnosis are also reviewed. The toxicity, biodistribution, and transport mechanisms in dendrimer-mediated delivery of CNS therapeutic agents bypassing or crossing the BBB are also discussed. Future directions and major challenges of dendrimer-mediated delivery of CNS therapeutic agents are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyuan Xu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, §Department of Chemical
and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, §Department of Chemical
and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Yue Wu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, §Department of Chemical
and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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50
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Kulhari H, Pooja D, Singh MK, Chauhan AS. Optimization of carboxylate-terminated poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-mediated cisplatin formulation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 41:232-8. [PMID: 24237325 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.858735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Cisplatin is mainly used in the treatment of ovarian, head and neck and testicular cancer. Poor solubility and non-specific interactions causes hurdles in the development of successful cisplatin formulation. There were few reports on poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer-cisplatin complexes for anticancer treatment. But the earlier research was mainly focused on therapeutic effect of PAMAM dendrimer-cisplatin complex, with less attention paid on the formulation development of these complexes. Objective of the present study is to optimize and validate the carboxylate-terminated, EDA core PAMAM dendrimer-based cisplatin formulation with respect to various variables such as dendrimer core, generation, drug entrapment, purification, yield, reproducibility, stability, storage and in-vitro release. Dendrimer-cisplatin complex was prepared by an efficient method which significantly increases the % platinum (Pt) content along with the product yield. Dendrimers showed reproducible (∼27%) platinum loading by weight. Variation in core and generations does not produce significant change in the % Pt content. Percentage Pt content of dendrimeric formulation increases with increase in drug/dendrimer mole ratio. Formulation with low drug/dendrimer mole ratio showed delayed release compared to the higher drug/dendrimer mole ratio; these dendrimer formulations are stable in room temperature. In vitro release profiles of the stored dendrimer-cisplatin samples showed comparatively slow release of cisplatin, which may be due to formation of strong bond between cisplatin and dendrimer. This study will contribute to create a fine print for the formulation development of PAMAM dendrimer-cisplatin complexes.
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