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Inhibition of the lncRNA Coded within Transglutaminase 2 Gene Impacts Several Relevant Networks in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7030049. [PMID: 34449674 PMCID: PMC8395837 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7030049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs are nucleotide molecules that regulate transcription in numerous cellular processes and are related to the occurrence of many diseases, including cancer. In this regard, we recently discovered a polyadenylated long non-coding RNA (named TG2-lncRNA) encoded within the first intron of the Transglutaminase type 2 gene (TGM2), which is related to tumour proliferation in human cancer cell lines. To better characterize this new biological player, we investigated the effects of its suppression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, using siRNA treatment and RNA-sequencing. In this way, we found modifications in several networks associated to biological functions relevant for tumorigenesis (apoptosis, chronic inflammation, angiogenesis, immunomodulation, cell mobility, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition) that were originally attributed only to Transglutaminase type 2 protein but that could be regulated also by TG2-lncRNA. Moreover, our experiments strongly suggest the ability of TG2-lncRNA to directly interact with important transcription factors, such as RXRα and TP53, paving the way for several regulatory loops that can potentially influence the phenotypic behaviour of MCF-7 cells. These considerations imply the need to further investigate the relative relevance of the TG2 protein itself and/or other gene products as key regulators in the organization of breast cancer program.
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Tsave O, Iordanidou C, Gabriel C, Hatzidimitriou A, Salifoglou A. Binary-ternary Cd(II)-(hydroxycarboxylic acid)-(aromatic chelator) systems exhibit in vitro cytotoxic selectivity in a tissue-specific manner. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 195:201-215. [PMID: 30986671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a metallotoxin, amply encountered in the environment and derived through physical and anthropogenic activities. Its entry in various organisms leads through water and the food chain to humans, thereby inducing a plethora of pathophysiologies. Delineation of the interactive role of cadmium with physiological and physiologically relevant substrates, requires well-defined forms of cadmium arising from such interactions along with the ensuing chemical reactivity amounting to toxic manifestations and health aberrations. To implement such efforts, low molecular mass substrate metal ion binders are needed, forming species with enhanced solubility and bioavailability. To that end, α-hydroxy isobutyric acid (HIBAH2) was used in pH-specific synthetic efforts involving bulky aromatic chelators 2,2'-bipyridine (2,2'-bipy) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), thus leading to new crystalline materials [Cd(C4H7O3)2]n(1), [Cd(C4H7O3)2(H2O)2](2), [{Cd2(C4H7O3)2(C10H8N2)2(H2O)2}(NO3)2]n·nH2O(3), and [{Cd2(C4H7O3)2(C12H8N2)2(H2O)2}(NO3)2]n·2nH2O(4), which were physicochemically characterized (elemental analysis, FT-IR, NMR, ESI-MS, and X-ray crystallography) in the solid state and solution. Their physicochemical characteristics led to their employment in tissue-specific biological toxicity studies in three different cell lines. Their toxicity profile (cell viability, morphology, chemotacticity) was correlated through genetic biomarkers to apoptotic-necrotic processes, thereby shedding light on cadmium cellular toxicity processes. Finally, the cytoprotective action of specific chelators was examined, lending credence to the notion that appropriately structured chelators and antioxidants may be used as effective deterrent to cadmium toxicity. Collectively, structure-specificity linked to tissue-specific toxicity profiling in well-defined binary-ternary Cd(II)-HIBAH2 systems exemplifies that metal ion's aberrant interactions in the cellular milieu, meriting further probing into the development of efficient chelators in cadmium detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Tsave
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - C Iordanidou
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - C Gabriel
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - A Hatzidimitriou
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - A Salifoglou
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
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Iordanidou C, Tsave O, Gabriel C, Hatzidimitriou A, Salifoglou A. Synthetic exploration of the binary cadmium-quinic acid system linked to in vitro cytotoxicity and chelation cytoprotection investigation. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Shi W, Guan X, Han Y, Guo C, Rong J, Su W, Zha S, Wang Y, Liu G. Waterborne Cd 2+ weakens the immune responses of blood clam through impacting Ca 2+ signaling and Ca 2+ related apoptosis pathways. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 77:208-213. [PMID: 29609026 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals such as Cadmium (Cd) may exert detrimental impacts on the immune responses of marine bivalve species. However, the immunotoxicity of Cd on blood clams remains unknown to date. Furthermore, though Cd2+ is known to compete with calcium (Ca2+) ions for their binding sites in cells and inhibit Ca2+ influx, whether Cd2+ weakens the immune responses of marine bivalves through inducing intracellular Ca2+ disorders still remains unclear. Therefore, the immunotoxicity of Cd2+ at different waterborne Ca2+ concentrations on blood clam, Tegillarca granosa, were investigated in the present study. Results obtained demonstrated that the total number, phagocytic activity, and red granulocytes ratio of the haemocytes were all significantly reduced after 10 days exposure of individuals to 25 μg/L Cd2+. However, when the waterborne Ca2+ concentrations were elevated by 10% and 20% (approximately 370 and 410 mg/L, respectively), mitigation effects on the immune responses of individuals were detected. In addition, though the expressions of genes from the Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+-related apoptosis pathways were significantly altered by Cd2+ exposure, the expression patterns of these genes were similar to that of the control when the waterborne Ca2+ concentrations were elevated, suggesting a relieving effect of waterborne Ca2+ on Cd2+ induced toxicity to haemocytes. The results obtained in the present study revealed that waterborne Cd2+ may hamper the immune responses of T. granosa through influencing Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+-related apoptosis pathways, which can be partially mitigated by elevating the waterborne Ca2+ concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Guan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Han
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Cheng Guo
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiahuan Rong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenhao Su
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shanjie Zha
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yichen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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5
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Iordanidou C, Tsave O, Gabriel C, Hatzidimitriou A, Yavropoulou MP, Mateescu C, Salifoglou A. Synthetic endeavors on cadmium species bearing glycolate and aromatic chelators with structure-specific biotoxic correlations in vitro. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 176:38-52. [PMID: 28846894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a well-known metallotoxin widespread in the environment and easily reaching cellular targets in lower and higher organisms, including humans. The form(s) of that metal ion through which it interacts with biomolecular targets in a cellular milieu are critical in cell survival. Poised to investigate the structure-specific activity of Cd(II) in a cellular environment and delve into the associated biotoxic processes, binary and ternary systems of that metal ion in the presence of the physiological α-hydroxycarboxylic acid glycolic acid and aromatic (N,N')-binders 2,2'-bipyridine (2,2'-bipy) and 4,4'-bipyridine (4,4'-bipy) were examined synthetically in aqueous media and a pH-specific fashion. The arising new materials [Cd(C2H3O3)2]n (1), [Cd(C2H3O3)(C10H8N2)(NO3)]n·nH2O (2), and {[Cd(C2H3O3)(C10H8N2)(H2O)](NO3)}n·2nH2O (3) project coordination polymers, which were physicochemically characterized through elemental analysis, FT-IR, NMR, luminescence and X-ray crystallography. The distinct spectroscopic features of 1-3, with luminescence exemplifying distinct behavior (2,3), further corroborated by crystallographic analysis, lend credence to a structure-specific selection of species employed in ensuing in vitro biological studies. The emerging results in two different cell lines (3T3-L1, Saos-2) reveal a concentration-dependent, structure-specific and cell line-specific toxicity profile of Cd(II), reflecting its coordination composition and formulation, rendering it soluble and bioavailable (1,2). Mechanistic information riding on caspase-dependent investigation unravels that metal ion's specific behavior compromising cell survival and integrity. Employment of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) a) shows efficient sequestration of Cd(II) away from its toxic reactivity denoting the strength of interactions involved, and b) lends credence to further development of appropriately configured organic binders, selectively providing molecular protection from Cd(II) toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Iordanidou
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - O Tsave
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - C Gabriel
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece; Center for Research of the Structure of Matter, Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - A Hatzidimitriou
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - M P Yavropoulou
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA, University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - C Mateescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter (INCEMC), Strada Dr. A. Paunescu Podeanu, nr. 144, Timisoara 300569, Timis, Romania
| | - A Salifoglou
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
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Picchietti S, Bernini C, Stocchi V, Taddei AR, Meschini R, Fausto AM, Rocco L, Buonocore F, Cervia D, Scapigliati G. Engineered nanoparticles of titanium dioxide (TIO 2): Uptake and biological effects in a sea bass cell line. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 63:53-67. [PMID: 28159697 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology there has been a corresponding increase in the application of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) in various consumer and industrial products, consequently their potential health hazards and environmental effects are considered an aspect of great concern. In the present study, in order to assess the impact of TiO2-NPs in the marine environment, the biological effects of TiO2-NPs on a sea bass cell line (DLEC) were investigated. Cells were exposed for 24 h to different concentrations of TiO2-NPs (1, 8, 40, 200 and 1000 μg/ml) or co-exposed with CdCl2 (Cd). The effects of UV light irradiation were also investigated in cells treated with TiO2-NPs and/or Cd. The internalization of TiO2-NPs and the morphological cell modifications induced by the treatments were examined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, this latter coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) for particle element detection. In addition, the effects of controlled exposures were studied evaluating the cytotoxicity, the DNA damage and the expression of inflammatory genes. Our study indicates that TiO2-NPs were localized on the cell surface mainly as agglomerates revealed by EDS analysis and that they were uptaken by the cells inducing morphological changes. Photoactivation of TiO2-NPs and/or co-exposure with Cd affects ATP levels and it contributes to induce acute cellular toxicity in DLEC cells dependent on Ti concentration. The inflammatory potential and the DNA damage, this latter displayed through a caspase-3 independent apoptotic process, were also demonstrated. Overall our data suggest that the interaction of TiO2-NPs with marine water contaminants, such as cadmium, and the UV irradiation, may be an additional threat to marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Picchietti
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - C Bernini
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - V Stocchi
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - A R Taddei
- Section of Electron Microscopy, Great Equipment Center, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - R Meschini
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - A M Fausto
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - L Rocco
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical, Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy.
| | - F Buonocore
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - D Cervia
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - G Scapigliati
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
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Baiomy AA, Mansour AA. Genetic and Histopathological Responses to Cadmium Toxicity in Rabbit's Kidney and Liver: Protection by Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 170:320-9. [PMID: 26335575 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the protective effects of ginger (G) on the genetic response induced by cadmium (Cd) and immunohistochemical expression of Caspase3 and MKI67 in the kidney and liver of rabbits. Male rabbits were divided into three groups; each group contains 10 animals: group (C) received basic diet and tap water for 12 weeks, the second group (Cd) received 200 mg/kg b.w CdCl2 in water for 12 weeks, group (Cd + G) was given 200 mg/kg b.w CdCl2 in water and 400 mg ginger/kg b.w in food for 12 weeks. Cd administration increased the activity of mRNA expression of the examined apoptotic (Caspase3), proliferation (MKI67), proto-oncogene (C-fos), and antioxidant (GST), while decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic (Bcl2). Ginger counteracted the effects of Cd in (Cd + G) group and downregulated the previously upregulated genes under Cd administration appeared in (Cd) group. The immunohistochemical expression of Caspase3 and MKI67 in the liver and kidney cells of the (C) group was shown very faint to negative reactions, strong staining in hepatocytes and the tubular epithelium in cadmium-treated group, while slight staining in some hepatocytes and tubular epithelium in co-administration with ginger in (Cd + G) group. In conclusion, ginger administration showed a protective effect against cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Baiomy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Turabah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Mansour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Turabah, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Zhao H, Liu W, Wang Y, Dai N, Gu J, Yuan Y, Liu X, Bian J, Liu ZP. Cadmium induces apoptosis in primary rat osteoblasts through caspase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. J Vet Sci 2015; 16:297-306. [PMID: 26425111 PMCID: PMC4588015 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2015.16.3.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to cadmium (Cd) induces apoptosis in osteoblasts (OBs); however, little information is available regarding the specific mechanisms of Cd-induced primary rat OB apoptosis. In this study, Cd reduced cell viability, damaged cell membranes and induced apoptosis in OBs. We observed decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potentials, ultrastructure collapse, enhanced caspase-3 activity, and increased concentrations of cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 following Cd treatment. Cd also increased the phosphorylation of p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2 and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in OBs. Pretreatment with the caspase inhibitor, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone, ERK1/2 inhibitor (U0126), p38 inhibitor (SB203580) and JNK inhibitor (SP600125) abrogated Cd-induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, Cd-treated OBs exhibited signs of oxidative stress protection, including increased antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase levels and decreased formation of reactive oxygen species. Taken together, the results of our study clarified that Cd has direct cytotoxic effects on OBs, which are mediated by caspase- and MAPK pathways in Cd-induced apoptosis of OBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Nannan Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zong-Ping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, and Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Veeriah V, Saran U, Swaminathan A, Balaguru UM, Thangaraj P, Nagarajan S, Rajendran VK, Chatterjee S. Cadmium-induced embryopathy: nitric oxide rescues teratogenic effects of cadmium. Toxicol Sci 2014; 144:90-104. [PMID: 25490952 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Cadmium (Cd) is a well-known heavy metal pollutant and teratogen, the mechanism behind Cd-mediated teratogenicity remains unknown. Previously, we have reported of the protective role of Nitric oxide (NO), a key signaling molecule in the embryonic developmental process, against Thalidomide-induced teratogenicity. The objective of this study was to obtain a mechanistic in-sight of the antiteratogenic potential of NO against Cd-mediated teratogenicity. To achieve this goal, we first studied the effect of Cd on the vasculature of developing embryos and then we investigated whether Cd mediated its effects by interfering with the redox regulation of NO signaling in the early development milieu. We used a chick embryonic model to determine the time and dose-dependent effects of Cd and NO recovery against Cd assault. The effects of Cd and NO recovery were assessed using various angiogenic assays. Redox and NO levels were also measured. Results demonstrated that exposure to Cd at early stage of development caused multiple birth defects in the chick embryos. Exposure to Cd suppressed endogenous NO levels and cGMP signaling, inhibiting angioblast activation and subsequently impairing yolk sac vascular development. Furthermore, Cd-induced superoxide and lipid peroxidation mediated activation of proapoptotic markers p21 and p53 in the developing embryo. Cd also caused the down-regulation of FOXO1, and up-regulation of FOXO3a and Caspase 3-mediated apoptosis. Addition of exogenous NO through a NO donor was able to blunt Cd-mediated effects and restore normal vascular and embryonic development. In conclusion, Cd-mediated teratogenicity occurs as a result of impaired NO-cGMP signaling, increased oxidative stress, and the activation of apoptotic pathways. Subsequent addition of exogenous NO through NO donor negated Cd-mediated effects and protected the developing embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimal Veeriah
- *Vascular Biology Laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India and Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India
| | - Uttara Saran
- *Vascular Biology Laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India and Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India
| | - Akila Swaminathan
- *Vascular Biology Laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India and Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Balaguru
- *Vascular Biology Laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India and Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India
| | - Pradeep Thangaraj
- *Vascular Biology Laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India and Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India
| | - Shunmugam Nagarajan
- *Vascular Biology Laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India and Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India
| | - Vinoth Kumar Rajendran
- *Vascular Biology Laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India and Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India
| | - Suvro Chatterjee
- *Vascular Biology Laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India and Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India *Vascular Biology Laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India and Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600044, India
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10
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Wu SS, Zhang JZ, Yu XH, Cao Y, Wang HJ. BSA-conjugated CdS/Ag 2S quantum dots: synthesis and preliminary antineoplastic assessment. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09526j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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11
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Gao D, Xu Z, Qiao P, Liu S, Zhang L, He P, Zhang X, Wang Y, Min W. Cadmium induces liver cell apoptosis through caspase-3A activation in purse red common carp (Cyprinus carpio). PLoS One 2013; 8:e83423. [PMID: 24349509 PMCID: PMC3861504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspase-3, the essential effector caspase, plays a pivotal role during caspase-dependent apoptosis. In this study, we isolated and characterized caspase-3A gene from common carp. The common carp caspase-3A comprising 273 amino acids showed 71.8% sequence similarity and 59.3% sequence identity to human caspase-3. It exhibited an evolutionarily conserved structure of mammalian caspase-3 genes, including a pro-domain, a large subunit, a small subunit and other motifs such as the pentapeptide active-site motif (QACRG) and the putative cleavage sites at the aspartic acids. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that common carp caspase-3A formed a clade with cyprinid fish caspase-3. To assess whether caspase-3A is involved in cadmium (Cd)-induced cell apoptosis in common carp, a Cd exposure experiment was performed. TUNEL analysis showed that Cd triggered liver cell apoptosis; caspase-3A activity was markedly increased; its proenzyme level was significantly decreased, and the levels of its cleaved forms were markedly increased. However, real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA transcript level of caspase-3A was not significantly elevated. Immunoreactivities were observed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes by immunohistochemical detection. The findings indicates that Cd can trigger liver cell apoptosis through the activation of caspase-3A. Caspase-3A may play an essential role in Cd-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Gao
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Zhen’e Xu
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Panpan Qiao
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Shen Liu
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Penghui He
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Yannan Wang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Weiping Min
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
- Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, PR China
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