1
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Gornard S, Mougel F, Germon I, Borday-Birraux V, Venon P, Drabo S, Kaiser L. Cellular dynamics of host - parasitoid interactions: Insights from the encapsulation process in a partially resistant host. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 155:104646. [PMID: 38705455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Cotesia typhae is an eastern African endoparasitoid braconid wasp that targets the larval stage of the lepidopteran stem borer, Sesamia nonagrioides, a maize crop pest in Europe. The French host population is partially resistant to the Makindu strain of the wasp, allowing its development in only 40% of the cases. Resistant larvae can encapsulate the parasitoid and survive the infection. This interaction provides a very interesting frame for investigating the impact of parasitism on host cellular resistance. We characterized the parasitoid ovolarval development in a permissive host and studied the encapsulation process in a resistant host by dissection and histological sectioning compared to that of inert chromatography beads. We measured the total hemocyte count in parasitized and bead-injected larvae over time to monitor the magnitude of the immune reaction. Our results show that parasitism of resistant hosts delayed encapsulation but did not affect immune abilities towards inert beads. Moreover, while bead injection increased total hemocyte count, it remained constant in resistant and permissive larvae. We conclude that while Cotesia spp virulence factors are known to impair the host immune system, our results suggest that passive evasion could also occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Gornard
- EGCE, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Florence Mougel
- EGCE, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Isabelle Germon
- EGCE, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Véronique Borday-Birraux
- EGCE, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pascaline Venon
- EGCE, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Salimata Drabo
- EGCE, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laure Kaiser
- EGCE, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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2
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Muller H, Heisserer C, Fortuna T, Mougel F, Huguet E, Kaiser L, Gilbert C. Investigating bracovirus chromosomal integration and inheritance in lepidopteran host and nontarget species. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:5538-5551. [PMID: 36070218 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bracoviruses (BVs) are domesticated viruses found in braconid parasitoid wasp genomes. They are composed of domesticated genes from a nudivrius, coding viral particles in which wasp DNA circles are packaged. BVs are viewed as possible vectors of horizontal transfer of genetic material (HT) from wasp to their hosts because they are injected, together with wasp eggs, by female wasps into their host larvae, and because they undergo massive chromosomal integration in multiple host tissues. Here, we show that chromosomal integrations of the Cotesia typhae BV (CtBV) persist up to the adult stage in individuals of its natural host, Sesamia nonagrioides, that survived parasitism. However, while reproducing host adults can bear an average of nearly two CtBV integrations per haploid genome, we were unable to retrieve any of these integrations in 500 of their offspring using Illumina sequencing. This suggests either that host gametes are less targeted by CtBVs than somatic cells or that gametes bearing BV integrations are nonfunctional. We further show that CtBV can massively integrate into the chromosomes of other lepidopteran species that are not normally targeted by the wasp in the wild, including one which is divergent by at least 100 million years from the natural host. Cell entry and chromosomal integration of BVs are thus unlikely to be major factors shaping wasp host range. Together, our results shed new light on the conditions under which BV-mediated wasp-to-host HT may occur and provide information that may be helpful to evaluate the potential risks of uncontrolled HT associated with the use of parasitoid wasps as biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Muller
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Camille Heisserer
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,UMR 7261 CNRS, Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Taiadjana Fortuna
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Florence Mougel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Elisabeth Huguet
- UMR 7261 CNRS, Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Laure Kaiser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Clément Gilbert
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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3
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Zhou GF, Chen CX, Cai QC, Yan X, Peng NN, Li XC, Cui JH, Han YF, Zhang Q, Meng JH, Tang HM, Cai CH, Long J, Luo KJ. Bracovirus Sneaks Into Apoptotic Bodies Transmitting Immunosuppressive Signaling Driven by Integration-Mediated eIF5A Hypusination. Front Immunol 2022; 13:901593. [PMID: 35664011 PMCID: PMC9156803 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.901593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A typical characteristics of polydnavirus (PDV) infection is a persistent immunosuppression, governed by the viral integration and expression of virulence genes. Recently, activation of caspase-3 by Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus (MbBV) to cleave Innexins, gap junction proteins, has been highlighted, further promoting apoptotic cell disassembly and apoptotic body (AB) formation. However, whether ABs play a role in immune suppression remains to be determined. Herein, we show that ABs transmitted immunosuppressive signaling, causing recipient cells to undergo apoptosis and dismigration. Furthermore, the insertion of viral–host integrated motif sites damaged the host genome, stimulating eIF5A nucleocytoplasmic transport and activating the eIF5A-hypusination translation pathway. This pathway specifically translates apoptosis-related host proteins, such as P53, CypA, CypD, and CypJ, to drive cellular apoptosis owing to broken dsDNA. Furthermore, translated viral proteins, such Vank86, 92, and 101, known to complex with transcription factor Dip3, positively regulated DHYS and DOHH transcription maintaining the activation of the eIF5A-hypusination. Mechanistically, MbBV-mediated extracellular vesicles contained inserted viral fragments that re-integrated into recipients, potentially via the homologous recombinant repair system. Meanwhile, this stimulation regulated activated caspase-3 levels via PI3K/AKT 308 and 473 dephosphorylation to promote apoptosis of granulocyte-like recipients Sf9 cell; maintaining PI3K/AKT 473 phosphorylation and 308 dephosphorylation inhibited caspase-3 activation leading to dismigration of plasmatocyte-like recipient High Five cells. Together, our results suggest that integration-mediated eIF5A hypusination drives extracellular vesicles for continuous immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Fang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Chang-Xu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiu-Chen Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiang Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Nan-Nan Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xing-Cheng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ji-Hui Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yun-Feng Han
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiang-Hui Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong-Mei Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Chen-Hui Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jin Long
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Kai-Jun Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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4
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Gauthier J, Boulain H, van Vugt JJFA, Baudry L, Persyn E, Aury JM, Noel B, Bretaudeau A, Legeai F, Warris S, Chebbi MA, Dubreuil G, Duvic B, Kremer N, Gayral P, Musset K, Josse T, Bigot D, Bressac C, Moreau S, Periquet G, Harry M, Montagné N, Boulogne I, Sabeti-Azad M, Maïbèche M, Chertemps T, Hilliou F, Siaussat D, Amselem J, Luyten I, Capdevielle-Dulac C, Labadie K, Merlin BL, Barbe V, de Boer JG, Marbouty M, Cônsoli FL, Dupas S, Hua-Van A, Le Goff G, Bézier A, Jacquin-Joly E, Whitfield JB, Vet LEM, Smid HM, Kaiser L, Koszul R, Huguet E, Herniou EA, Drezen JM. Chromosomal scale assembly of parasitic wasp genome reveals symbiotic virus colonization. Commun Biol 2021; 4:104. [PMID: 33483589 PMCID: PMC7822920 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endogenous viruses form an important proportion of eukaryote genomes and a source of novel functions. How large DNA viruses integrated into a genome evolve when they confer a benefit to their host, however, remains unknown. Bracoviruses are essential for the parasitism success of parasitoid wasps, into whose genomes they integrated ~103 million years ago. Here we show, from the assembly of a parasitoid wasp genome at a chromosomal scale, that bracovirus genes colonized all ten chromosomes of Cotesia congregata. Most form clusters of genes involved in particle production or parasitism success. Genomic comparison with another wasp, Microplitis demolitor, revealed that these clusters were already established ~53 mya and thus belong to remarkably stable genomic structures, the architectures of which are evolutionary constrained. Transcriptomic analyses highlight temporal synchronization of viral gene expression without resulting in immune gene induction, suggesting that no conflicts remain between ancient symbiotic partners when benefits to them converge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Gauthier
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France ,grid.466902.f0000 0001 2248 6951Geneva Natural History Museum, 1208 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Boulain
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France ,grid.418656.80000 0001 1551 0562EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Joke J. F. A. van Vugt
- grid.418375.c0000 0001 1013 0288Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lyam Baudry
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Régulation Spatiale des Génomes, UMR 3525, CNRS, Paris, 75015 France ,grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Emma Persyn
- grid.462350.6Sorbonne Université, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Univ. de Paris, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Science of Paris (iEES-Paris), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Aury
- grid.8390.20000 0001 2180 5818Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Benjamin Noel
- grid.8390.20000 0001 2180 5818Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Anthony Bretaudeau
- grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France ,grid.420225.30000 0001 2298 7270Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Fabrice Legeai
- grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France ,grid.420225.30000 0001 2298 7270Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Sven Warris
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Applied Bioinformatics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamed A. Chebbi
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Géraldine Dubreuil
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Bernard Duvic
- grid.503158.aUniversité Montpellier, INRAE, DGIMI, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Natacha Kremer
- grid.462854.90000 0004 0386 3493Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918, bat. G. Mendel, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Gayral
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Karine Musset
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Thibaut Josse
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Diane Bigot
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Christophe Bressac
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Sébastien Moreau
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Georges Periquet
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Myriam Harry
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Montagné
- grid.462350.6Sorbonne Université, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Univ. de Paris, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Science of Paris (iEES-Paris), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Boulogne
- grid.462350.6Sorbonne Université, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Univ. de Paris, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Science of Paris (iEES-Paris), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Mahnaz Sabeti-Azad
- grid.462350.6Sorbonne Université, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Univ. de Paris, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Science of Paris (iEES-Paris), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Martine Maïbèche
- grid.462350.6Sorbonne Université, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Univ. de Paris, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Science of Paris (iEES-Paris), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Chertemps
- grid.462350.6Sorbonne Université, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Univ. de Paris, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Science of Paris (iEES-Paris), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Frédérique Hilliou
- grid.435437.20000 0004 0385 8766Université Côte d’Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - David Siaussat
- grid.462350.6Sorbonne Université, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Univ. de Paris, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Science of Paris (iEES-Paris), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Amselem
- grid.507621.7Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, URGI, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Isabelle Luyten
- grid.507621.7Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, URGI, 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Claire Capdevielle-Dulac
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Karine Labadie
- grid.8390.20000 0001 2180 5818Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Bruna Laís Merlin
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Insect Interactions Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900 Brazil
| | - Valérie Barbe
- grid.8390.20000 0001 2180 5818Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Jetske G. de Boer
- grid.418375.c0000 0001 1013 0288Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Evolutionary Genetics, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martial Marbouty
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Régulation Spatiale des Génomes, UMR 3525, CNRS, Paris, 75015 France
| | - Fernando Luis Cônsoli
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Insect Interactions Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900 Brazil
| | - Stéphane Dupas
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Aurélie Hua-Van
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Gaelle Le Goff
- grid.435437.20000 0004 0385 8766Université Côte d’Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Annie Bézier
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly
- grid.462350.6Sorbonne Université, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Univ. de Paris, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Science of Paris (iEES-Paris), 75005 Paris, France
| | - James B. Whitfield
- Department of Entomology, 320 Morrill Hall, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Louise E. M. Vet
- grid.418375.c0000 0001 1013 0288Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans M. Smid
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laure Kaiser
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Romain Koszul
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Régulation Spatiale des Génomes, UMR 3525, CNRS, Paris, 75015 France
| | - Elisabeth Huguet
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Elisabeth A. Herniou
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Jean-Michel Drezen
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
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5
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Benoist R, Capdevielle-Dulac C, Chantre C, Jeannette R, Calatayud PA, Drezen JM, Dupas S, Le Rouzic A, Le Ru B, Moreau L, Van Dijk E, Kaiser L, Mougel F. Quantitative trait loci involved in the reproductive success of a parasitoid wasp. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:3476-3493. [PMID: 32731311 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dissecting the genetic basis of intraspecific variations in life history traits is essential to understand their evolution, notably for potential biocontrol agents. Such variations are observed in the endoparasitoid Cotesia typhae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), specialized on the pest Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Previously, we identified two strains of C. typhae that differed significantly for life history traits on an allopatric host population. To investigate the genetic basis underlying these phenotypic differences, we used a quantitative trait locus (QTL) approach based on restriction site-associated DNA markers. The characteristic of C. typhae reproduction allowed us generating sisters sharing almost the same genetic content, named clonal sibship. Crosses between individuals from the two strains were performed to generate F2 and F8 recombinant CSS. The genotypes of 181 clonal sibships were determined as well as the phenotypes of the corresponding 4,000 females. Informative markers were then used to build a high-quality genetic map. These 465 markers spanned a total length of 1,300 cM and were organized in 10 linkage groups which corresponded to the number of C. typhae chromosomes. Three QTLs were detected for parasitism success and two for offspring number, while none were identified for sex ratio. The QTLs explained, respectively, 27.7% and 24.5% of the phenotypic variation observed. The gene content of the genomic intervals was investigated based on the genome of C. congregata and revealed 67 interesting candidates, as potentially involved in the studied traits, including components of the venom and of the symbiotic virus (bracovirus) shown to be necessary for parasitism success in related wasps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Benoist
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Claire Capdevielle-Dulac
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Célina Chantre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Rémi Jeannette
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Paul-André Calatayud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,icipe, International Center of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jean-Michel Drezen
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université Tours, Tours, France
| | - Stéphane Dupas
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Arnaud Le Rouzic
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bruno Le Ru
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laurence Moreau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, UMR GQE - Le Moulon, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Erwin Van Dijk
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, UMR Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laure Kaiser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Florence Mougel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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6
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Benoist R, Paquet S, Decourcelle F, Guez J, Jeannette R, Calatayud PA, Le Ru B, Mougel F, Kaiser L. Role of egg-laying behavior, virulence and local adaptation in a parasitoid's chances of reproducing in a new host. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 120:103987. [PMID: 31785239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.103987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the ability of parasitoid insects to succeed in new host populations is a relevant question for biological control and adaptive mechanisms. Cotesia typhae is an African parasitoid specialized on the moth Sesamiae nonagrioides, also called the Mediterranean corn borer. Two Kenyan strains of C. typhae differ in their virulence against a new host population from France. We explored behavioral and physiological hypotheses about this differentiation. Cotesia genus belongs to a group of Hymenoptera in which females inject a domesticated virus in their host to overcome its resistance. Since viral particles are injected along with eggs and since the strain with the higher virulence injects more eggs, we hypothesized that virulence could be explained by the quantity of virus injected. To test this assumption, we measured the injected quantities of eggs and viral particles (estimated by viral DNA segments) of each parasitoid strain along several ovipositions, to vary these quantities. Unexpectedly, results showed that virulence against the French host was not correlated to the injected quantities of eggs or viral segments, indicating that virulence differentiation is explained by other causes. The virulence against the respective natural hosts of the two C. typhae strains was also measured, and results suggest that local adaptation to a more resistant natural host may explain the pre-adaptation of one strain to the new host population. We also identified a differentiation of oviposition strategy and subsequent offspring number between the parasitoid strains, which is important in a biocontrol perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Benoist
- Laboratory: Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie (CNRS, IRD, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay), Campus CNRS, Bat. 13, 12 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - S Paquet
- Laboratory: Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie (CNRS, IRD, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay), Campus CNRS, Bat. 13, 12 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - F Decourcelle
- Laboratory: Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie (CNRS, IRD, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay), Campus CNRS, Bat. 13, 12 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - J Guez
- Laboratory: Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie (CNRS, IRD, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay), Campus CNRS, Bat. 13, 12 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - R Jeannette
- Laboratory: Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie (CNRS, IRD, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay), Campus CNRS, Bat. 13, 12 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - P-A Calatayud
- Laboratory: Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie (CNRS, IRD, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay), Campus CNRS, Bat. 13, 12 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France; icipe: International Center of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Duduville Campus, Kasarani, P. O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - B Le Ru
- Laboratory: Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie (CNRS, IRD, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay), Campus CNRS, Bat. 13, 12 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - F Mougel
- Laboratory: Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie (CNRS, IRD, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay), Campus CNRS, Bat. 13, 12 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - L Kaiser
- Laboratory: Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie (CNRS, IRD, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay), Campus CNRS, Bat. 13, 12 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
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7
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Branca A, Le Ru B, Calatayud PA, Obonyo J, Musyoka B, Capdevielle-Dulac C, Kaiser-Arnauld L, Silvain JF, Gauthier J, Paillusson C, Gayral P, Herniou EA, Dupas S. Relative Influence of Host, Wolbachia, Geography and Climate on the Genetic Structure of the Sub-saharan Parasitic Wasp Cotesia sesamiae. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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8
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Bredlau JP, Kuhar D, Gundersen-Rindal DE, Kester KM. The Parasitic Wasp, Cotesia congregata (Say), Consists of Two Incipient Species Isolated by Asymmetric Reproductive Incompatibility and Hybrid Inability to Overcome Host Defenses. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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9
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Ye XQ, Shi M, Huang JH, Chen XX. Parasitoid polydnaviruses and immune interaction with secondary hosts. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 83:124-129. [PMID: 29352983 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Polydnaviruses (PDVs) are obligatory symbionts with parasitoid wasps. The PDV virions are produced solely in wasp (the primary host) calyx cells. They are injected into caterpillar hosts (the secondary host) during parasitoid oviposition, where they express irreplaceable actions to ensure survival and development of wasp larvae. Some of PDV gene products suppress host immune responses while others alter host growth, metabolism or endocrine system. Here, we treat new findings on PDV gene products and their action on immunity within secondary hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Qian Ye
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian-Hua Huang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xue-Xin Chen
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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10
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Gauthier J, Gayral P, Le Ru BP, Jancek S, Dupas S, Kaiser L, Gyapay G, Herniou EA. Genetic footprints of adaptive divergence in the bracovirus ofCotesia sesamiaeidentified by targeted resequencing. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:2109-2123. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Gauthier
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte; UMR 7261; CNRS-Université de Tours; Tours France
| | - Philippe Gayral
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte; UMR 7261; CNRS-Université de Tours; Tours France
| | - Bruno Pierre Le Ru
- ICIPE; IRD UMR 247; Nairobi Kenya
- Laboratoire Evolution; Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie; UMR CNRS 9191; IRD 247 and Université Paris Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Séverine Jancek
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte; UMR 7261; CNRS-Université de Tours; Tours France
| | - Stéphane Dupas
- Laboratoire Evolution; Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie; UMR CNRS 9191; IRD 247 and Université Paris Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Laure Kaiser
- Laboratoire Evolution; Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie; UMR CNRS 9191; IRD 247 and Université Paris Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Gabor Gyapay
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique; Génoscope (Centre National de Séquençage, CEA); Evry Cedex France
| | - Elisabeth A. Herniou
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte; UMR 7261; CNRS-Université de Tours; Tours France
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11
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Ndolo DO, Songa JM, Lövei GL. Tri-Trophic Impacts of Bt-Transgenic Maize on Parasitoid Size and Fluctuating Asymmetry in Native vs. Novel Host-Parasitoid Interactions in East Africa. INSECTS 2018; 9:insects9020038. [PMID: 29584706 PMCID: PMC6023282 DOI: 10.3390/insects9020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Environmental stress can affect trait size and cause an increase in the fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of bilateral morphological traits in many animals. For insect parasitoids, feeding of hosts on transgenic maize, expressing a Bacillus thuringiensis toxin gene is a potential environmental stressor. We compared the size of antennae, forewings, and tibia, as well as their FA values, in two parasitoids developed on two East African host species feeding on non-transgenic vs. transgenic maize. The two lepidopteran stem-borer hosts were the native Sesamia calamistis Hampson (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and a recent invader, Chilo partellus Swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). The two braconid parasitoids were the native, gregarious larval endoparasitoid Cotesia sesamiae and the recently introduced Cotesia flavipes. Both parasitoids attacked both hosts, creating evolutionarily old vs. novel interactions. Transient feeding of hosts on transgenic maize had various effects on FA, depending on trait as well as the host and parasitoid species. These effects were usually stronger in evolutionarily novel host–parasitoid associations than in the older, native ones. These parameters have capacity to more sensitively indicate the effects of potential stressors and merit further consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis O Ndolo
- Biotechnology Centre, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 14733-00800 Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Josephine M Songa
- Biotechnology Centre, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 14733-00800 Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Gábor L Lövei
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Flakkebjerg Research Centre, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark.
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12
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Drezen JM, Josse T, Bézier A, Gauthier J, Huguet E, Herniou EA. Impact of Lateral Transfers on the Genomes of Lepidoptera. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:E315. [PMID: 29120392 PMCID: PMC5704228 DOI: 10.3390/genes8110315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfer of DNA sequences between species regardless of their evolutionary distance is very common in bacteria, but evidence that horizontal gene transfer (HGT) also occurs in multicellular organisms has been accumulating in the past few years. The actual extent of this phenomenon is underestimated due to frequent sequence filtering of "alien" DNA before genome assembly. However, recent studies based on genome sequencing have revealed, and experimentally verified, the presence of foreign DNA sequences in the genetic material of several species of Lepidoptera. Large DNA viruses, such as baculoviruses and the symbiotic viruses of parasitic wasps (bracoviruses), have the potential to mediate these transfers in Lepidoptera. In particular, using ultra-deep sequencing, newly integrated transposons have been identified within baculovirus genomes. Bacterial genes have also been acquired by genomes of Lepidoptera, as in other insects and nematodes. In addition, insertions of bracovirus sequences were present in the genomes of certain moth and butterfly lineages, that were likely corresponding to rearrangements of ancient integrations. The viral genes present in these sequences, sometimes of hymenopteran origin, have been co-opted by lepidopteran species to confer some protection against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Drezen
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Tours-François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France.
| | - Thibaut Josse
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Tours-François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France.
| | - Annie Bézier
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Tours-François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France.
| | - Jérémy Gauthier
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Tours-François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France.
| | - Elisabeth Huguet
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Tours-François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France.
| | - Elisabeth Anne Herniou
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Tours-François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France.
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13
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The Cotesia sesamiae story: insight into host-range evolution in a Hymenoptera parasitoid and implication for its use in biological control programs. Genetica 2017; 145:455-468. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-017-9989-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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The multifunctional polydnavirus TnBVANK1 protein: impact on host apoptotic pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11775. [PMID: 28924205 PMCID: PMC5603617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11939-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoneuron nigriceps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) is an endophagous parasitoid of the larval stages of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). The bracovirus associated with this wasp (TnBV) is currently being studied. Several genes expressed in parasitised host larvae have been isolated and their possible roles partly elucidated. TnBVank1 encodes an ankyrin motif protein similar to insect and mammalian IκB, an inhibitor of the transcription nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Here we show that, when TnBVank1 was stably expressed in polyclonal Drosophila S2 cells, apoptosis is induced. Furthermore, we observed the same effects in haemocytes of H. virescens larvae, after TnBVank1 in vivo transient transfection, and in haemocytes of parasitised larvae. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed that TnBVANK1 binds to ALG-2 interacting protein X (Alix/AIP1), an interactor of apoptosis-linked gene protein 2 (ALG-2). Using double-immunofluorescence labeling, we observed the potential colocalization of TnBVANK1 and Alix proteins in the cytoplasm of polyclonal S2 cells. When Alix was silenced by RNA interference, TnBVANK1 was no longer able to cause apoptosis in both S2 cells and H. virescens haemocytes. Collectively, these results indicate that TnBVANK1 induces apoptosis by interacting with Alix, suggesting a role of TnBVANK1 in the suppression of host immune response observed after parasitisation by T. nigriceps.
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15
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Kaiser L, Fernandez-Triana J, Capdevielle-Dulac C, Chantre C, Bodet M, Kaoula F, Benoist R, Calatayud PA, Dupas S, Herniou EA, Jeannette R, Obonyo J, Silvain JF, Ru BL. Systematics and biology of Cotesia typhae sp. n. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae), a potential biological control agent against the noctuid Mediterranean corn borer, Sesamia nonagrioides. Zookeys 2017:105-136. [PMID: 28769725 PMCID: PMC5523161 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.682.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Many parasitoid species are subjected to strong selective pressures from their host, and their adaptive response may result in the formation of genetically differentiated populations, called host races. When environmental factors and reproduction traits prevent gene flow, host races become distinct species. Such a process has recently been documented within the Cotesiaflavipes species complex, all of which are larval parasitoids of moth species whose larvae are stem borers of Poales. A previous study on the African species C.sesamiae, incorporating molecular, ecological and biological data on various samples, showed that a particular population could be considered as a distinct species, because it was specialized at both host (Sesamianonagrioides) and plant (Typhadomingensis) levels, and reproductively isolated from other C.sesamiae. Due to its potential for the biological control of S.nonagrioides, a serious corn pest in Mediterranean countries and even in Iran, we describe here Cotesiatyphae Fernandez-Triana sp. n. The new species is characterized on the basis of morphological, molecular, ecological and geographical data, which proved to be useful for future collection and rapid identification of the species within the species complex. Fecundity traits and parasitism success on African and European S.nonagrioides populations, estimated by laboratory studies, are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Kaiser
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247, Université. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | | | - Claire Capdevielle-Dulac
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247, Université. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Célina Chantre
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247, Université. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Matthieu Bodet
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247, Université. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Ferial Kaoula
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247, Université. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Romain Benoist
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247, Université. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Paul-André Calatayud
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247, Université. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France.,icipe: African Insect Science for Food and Health, Duduville Campus, Kasarani, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Stéphane Dupas
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247, Université. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Elisabeth A Herniou
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Faculté des Sciences, Parc Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Rémi Jeannette
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247, Université. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Julius Obonyo
- icipe: African Insect Science for Food and Health, Duduville Campus, Kasarani, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jean-François Silvain
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247, Université. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Bruno Le Ru
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247, Université. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France.,icipe: African Insect Science for Food and Health, Duduville Campus, Kasarani, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
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16
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Kumar S, Kim Y. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a mediator of hemocyte-spreading behavior and molecular target of immunosuppressive factor CrV1. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 54:97-108. [PMID: 26366678 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cellular immunity is accompanied by hemocyte-spreading behavior, which undergoes cytoskeletal rearrangement. Polydnaviral factor CpBV-CrV1 can inhibit the hemocyte-spreading behavior and suppress host immune response of Plutella xylostella. However, host target molecule of CpBV-CrV1 that inhibits the hemocyte behavior has not been identified yet. This study used a pull-down approach to identify the target molecule of CpBV-CrV1. A protein bound to CpBV-CrV1 was co-precipitated and identified to be glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) by LC-MS/MS analysis. RNA interference (RNAi) specific to GAPDH of P. xylostella was found to be able to inhibit the hemocyte-spreading behavior, while RNAi treatments with other glycolytic genes had no effect on the spreading behavior. An addition of recombinant CpBV-CrV1 on hemocyte monolayer interrupted the association between GAPDH and α-tubulin in the cytoplasm. Overlay of mutant proteins (Y492A or Y501A with tyrosine to alanine at putative GAPDH-binding site) of CpBV-CrV1 on hemocyte monolayer revealed that they could enter hemocytes unlike a mutant in the N-terminal coiled-coil domain. However, they failed to inhibit the hemocyte-spreading behavior without any binding affinity to GAPDH. These results suggest that GAPDH plays a critical role in hemocyte-spreading behavior during immune challenge as a molecular target of viral factor CpBV-CrV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonggyun Kim
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Kaiser L, Le Ru BP, Kaoula F, Paillusson C, Capdevielle-Dulac C, Obonyo JO, Herniou EA, Jancek S, Branca A, Calatayud PA, Silvain JF, Dupas S. Ongoing ecological speciation in Cotesia sesamiae, a biological control agent of cereal stem borers. Evol Appl 2015; 8:807-20. [PMID: 26366198 PMCID: PMC4561570 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop efficient and safe biological control, we need to reliably identify natural enemy species, determine their host range, and understand the mechanisms that drive host range evolution. We investigated these points in Cotesia sesamiae, an African parasitic wasp of cereal stem borers. Phylogenetic analyses of 74 individual wasps, based on six mitochondrial and nuclear genes, revealed three lineages. We then investigated the ecological status (host plant and host insect ranges in the field, and host insect suitability tests) and the biological status (cross-mating tests) of the three lineages. We found that one highly supported lineage showed all the hallmarks of a cryptic species. It is associated with one host insect, Sesamia nonagrioides, and is reproductively isolated from the other two lineages by pre- and postmating barriers. The other two lineages had a more variable phylogenetic support, depending on the set of genes; they exhibited an overlapping and diversified range of host species and are not reproductively isolated from one another. We discuss the ecological conditions and mechanisms that likely generated this ongoing speciation and the relevance of this new specialist taxon in the genus Cotesia for biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Kaiser
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud-IRD, Univ. Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France ; INRA, UMR 1392, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris Paris, France
| | - Bruno Pierre Le Ru
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud-IRD, Univ. Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France ; icipe: African Insect Science for Food and Health Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ferial Kaoula
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud-IRD, Univ. Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Corentin Paillusson
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, CNRS UMR 7261, Université François-Rabelais, UFR Sciences et Techniques Tours, France
| | - Claire Capdevielle-Dulac
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud-IRD, Univ. Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | | | - Elisabeth A Herniou
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, CNRS UMR 7261, Université François-Rabelais, UFR Sciences et Techniques Tours, France
| | - Severine Jancek
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, CNRS UMR 7261, Université François-Rabelais, UFR Sciences et Techniques Tours, France
| | - Antoine Branca
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud-IRD, Univ. Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France ; Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, UMR - 8079 UPS-CNRS-AgroParisTech, Univ. Paris-Sud Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Paul-André Calatayud
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud-IRD, Univ. Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France ; icipe: African Insect Science for Food and Health Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jean-François Silvain
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud-IRD, Univ. Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Stephane Dupas
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud-IRD, Univ. Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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Drezen JM, Chevignon G, Louis F, Huguet E. Origin and evolution of symbiotic viruses associated with parasitoid wasps. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2014; 6:35-43. [PMID: 32846671 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Polydnaviridae (PDV), including the Bracovirus (BV) and Ichnovirus (IV) genera, originated from the integration of viruses in the genomes of two parasitoid wasp lineages. In a remarkable example of convergent evolution BVs evolved from the domestication of a nudivirus, while IVs originate from a different ancestral virus belonging to a new virus entity. In both cases the ancestor genomes have been maintained in wasp genomes as endogenous viral elements involved in production of particles containing DNA encoding virulence genes that are injected into lepidopteran hosts. However many PDV virulence genes appear to be of eukaryotic origin, and expansion and diversification of these genes have led to the production of novel PDVs in different wasp species that promote survival of offspring in particular hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Drezen
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université F. Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France.
| | - Germain Chevignon
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université F. Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Faustine Louis
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université F. Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Elisabeth Huguet
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université F. Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France.
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Kumar S, Kim Y. Point mutagenesis reveals that a coiled-coil motif of CrV1 is required for entry to hemocytes to suppress cellular immune responses. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2014; 177:27-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Herniou EA, Huguet E, Thézé J, Bézier A, Periquet G, Drezen JM. When parasitic wasps hijacked viruses: genomic and functional evolution of polydnaviruses. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2013; 368:20130051. [PMID: 23938758 PMCID: PMC3758193 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Polydnaviridae (PDV), including the Bracovirus (BV) and Ichnovirus genera, originated from the integration of unrelated viruses in the genomes of two parasitoid wasp lineages, in a remarkable example of convergent evolution. Functionally active PDVs represent the most compelling evolutionary success among endogenous viral elements (EVEs). BV evolved from the domestication by braconid wasps of a nudivirus 100 Ma. The nudivirus genome has become an EVE involved in BV particle production but is not encapsidated. Instead, BV genomes have co-opted virulence genes, used by the wasps to control the immunity and development of their hosts. Gene transfers and duplications have shaped BV genomes, now encoding hundreds of genes. Phylogenomic studies suggest that BVs contribute largely to wasp diversification and adaptation to their hosts. A genome evolution model explains how multidirectional wasp adaptation to different host species could have fostered PDV genome extension. Integrative studies linking ecological data on the wasp to genomic analyses should provide new insights into the adaptive role of particular BV genes. Forthcoming genomic advances should also indicate if the associations between endoparasitoid wasps and symbiotic viruses evolved because of their particularly intimate interactions with their hosts, or if similar domesticated EVEs could be uncovered in other parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean-Michel Drezen
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, CNRS UMR 7261, Université François-Rabelais, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
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21
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Jancek S, Bézier A, Gayral P, Paillusson C, Kaiser L, Dupas S, Le Ru BP, Barbe V, Periquet G, Drezen JM, Herniou EA. Adaptive selection on bracovirus genomes drives the specialization of Cotesia parasitoid wasps. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64432. [PMID: 23724046 PMCID: PMC3665748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The geographic mosaic of coevolution predicts parasite virulence should be locally adapted to the host community. Cotesia parasitoid wasps adapt to local lepidopteran species possibly through their symbiotic bracovirus. The virus, essential for the parasitism success, is at the heart of the complex coevolutionary relationship linking the wasps and their hosts. The large segmented genome contained in the virus particles encodes virulence genes involved in host immune and developmental suppression. Coevolutionary arms race should result in the positive selection of particular beneficial alleles. To understand the global role of bracoviruses in the local adaptation or specialization of parasitoid wasps to their hosts, we studied the molecular evolution of four bracoviruses associated with wasps of the genus Cotesia, including C congregata, C vestalis and new data and annotation on two ecologically differentiated populations of C sesamie, Kitale and Mombasa. Paired orthologs analyses revealed more genes under positive selection when comparing the two C sesamiae bracoviruses belonging to the same species, and more genes under strong evolutionary constraint between species. Furthermore branch-site evolutionary models showed that 17 genes, out of the 54 currently available shared by the four bracoviruses, harboured sites under positive selection including: the histone H4-like, a C-type lectin, two ep1-like, ep2, a viral ankyrin, CrV1, a ben-domain, a Serine-rich, and eight unknown genes. Lastly the phylogenetic analyses of the histone, ep2 and CrV1 genes in different African C sesamiae populations showed that each gene described differently the individual relationships. In particular we found recombination had happened between the ep2 and CrV1 genes, which are localized 37.5 kb apart on the wasp chromosomes. Involved in multidirectional coevolutionary interactions, C sesamiae wasps rely on different bracovirus mediated molecular pathways to overcome local host resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Jancek
- Institut de Recherches sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS, Université François-Rabelais, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France
| | - Annie Bézier
- Institut de Recherches sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS, Université François-Rabelais, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Gayral
- Institut de Recherches sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS, Université François-Rabelais, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France
| | - Corentin Paillusson
- Institut de Recherches sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS, Université François-Rabelais, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France
| | - Laure Kaiser
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes et Spéciation, CNRS UPR9034, IRD UR 072 and Université Paris Sud, Gif sur Yvette, France
- Unité de Recherche UMR 1272, Physiologie de l’Insecte, Signalisation et Communication, INRA, Versailles, France
| | - Stéphane Dupas
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes et Spéciation, CNRS UPR9034, IRD UR 072 and Université Paris Sud, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Bruno Pierre Le Ru
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes et Spéciation, CNRS UPR9034, IRD UR 072 and Université Paris Sud, Gif sur Yvette, France
- Icipe, IRD UR 072, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Valérie Barbe
- Genoscope (CEA), CNRS UMR 8030, Université d'Evry, Evry, France
| | - Georges Periquet
- Institut de Recherches sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS, Université François-Rabelais, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France
| | - Jean-Michel Drezen
- Institut de Recherches sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS, Université François-Rabelais, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France
| | - Elisabeth A. Herniou
- Institut de Recherches sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS, Université François-Rabelais, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France
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Muirhead KA, Murphy NP, Sallam N, Donnellan SC, Austin AD. Phylogenetics and genetic diversity of the Cotesia flavipes complex of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), biological control agents of lepidopteran stemborers. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2012; 63:904-14. [PMID: 22450357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The Cotesia flavipes complex of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are economically important for the biological control of lepidopteran stemboring pests associated with gramineous crops. Some members of the complex successfully parasitize numerous stemborer pest species, however certain geographic populations have demonstrated variation in the range of hosts that they parasitize. In addition, the morphology of the complex is highly conserved and considerable confusion surrounds the identity of species and host-associated biotypes. We generated nucleotide sequence data for two mtDNA genes (COI, 16S) and three anonymous nuclear loci (CfBN, CfCN, CfEN) for the C. flavipes complex. To analyze genetic variation and relationships among populations we used (1) concatenated mtDNA and nDNA data, (2) a nDNA multilocus network approach, and (3) two species tree inference methods, i.e. Bayesian estimation of species trees (BEST) and Bayesian inference of species trees from multilocus data with (*)BEAST. All phylogenetic analyses provide strong support for monophyly of the complex and the presence of at least four species, C. chilonis (from China and Japan), C. sesamiae (from Africa), C. flavipes (originating from the Indo-Asia region but introduced into Africa and the New World), and C. nonagriae (from Australia and Papua New Guinea). Haplotype diversity of geographic populations relates to historical biogeographic barriers and biological control introductions, and reflects previous reports of ecological variation in these species. Strong discordance was found between the mitochondrial and nuclear markers in the Papua New Guinea haplotypes, which may be an outcome of hybridization and introgression of C. flavipes and C. nonagriae. The position of Cotesia flavipes from Japan was not well supported in any analysis and was the sister taxon to C. nonagriae (mtDNA, (*)BEAST), C. flavipes (nDNA) or C. flavipes+C. nonagriae (BEST) and, may represent a cryptic species. The concatenated five gene phylogenetic analyses did not support the overall separation and monophyly of clades associated with different host species, although some clades did show specific host associations, possibly due to localized host availability, rather than host specificity. Our results provide a framework for assessing whether distinct lineages represent cryptic species, and for examining parasitoid-host evolution and compatibility more generally. Given the limitations of morphological based identification for members of this complex, molecular identification is recommended prior to any biological control introductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate A Muirhead
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology & Biodiversity, School of Earth & Environmental Science, DP 418, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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BRANCA ANTOINE, LE RU BRUNOPIERRE, VAVRE FABRICE, SILVAIN JEANFRANÇOIS, DUPAS STÉPHANE. Intraspecific specialization of the generalist parasitoid Cotesia sesamiae revealed by polyDNAvirus polymorphism and associated with different Wolbachia infection. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:959-71. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04977.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Cooper TH, Bailey-Hill K, Leifert WR, McMurchie EJ, Asgari S, Glatz RV. Identification of an in vitro interaction between an insect immune suppressor protein (CrV2) and G alpha proteins. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:10466-75. [PMID: 21233205 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.214726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein CrV2 is encoded by a polydnavirus integrated into the genome of the endoparasitoid Cotesia rubecula (Hymenoptera:Braconidae:Microgastrinae) and is expressed in host larvae with other gene products of the polydnavirus to allow successful development of the parasitoid. CrV2 expression has previously been associated with immune suppression, although the molecular basis for this was not known. Here, we have used time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) to demonstrate high affinity binding of CrV2 to Gα subunits (but not the Gβγ dimer) of heterotrimeric G-proteins. Signals up to 5-fold above background were generated, and an apparent dissociation constant of 6.2 nm was calculated. Protease treatment abolished the TR-FRET signal, and the presence of unlabeled CrV2 or Gα proteins also reduced the TR-FRET signal. The activation state of the Gα subunit was altered with aluminum fluoride, and this decreased the affinity of the interaction with CrV2. It was also demonstrated that CrV2 preferentially bound to Drosophila Gα(o) compared with rat Gα(i1). In addition, three CrV2 homologs were detected in sequences derived from polydnaviruses from Cotesia plutellae and Cotesia congregata (including the immune-related early expressed transcript, EP2). These data suggest a potential mode-of-action of immune suppressors not previously reported, which in addition to furthering our understanding of insect immunity may have practical benefits such as facilitating development of novel controls for pest insect species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara H Cooper
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Entomology, Waite Road, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia
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25
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Colinet D, Schmitz A, Cazes D, Gatti JL, Poirié M. The origin of intraspecific variation of virulence in an eukaryotic immune suppressive parasite. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1001206. [PMID: 21124871 PMCID: PMC2991256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Occurrence of intraspecific variation in parasite virulence, a prerequisite for coevolution of hosts and parasites, has largely been reported. However, surprisingly little is known of the molecular bases of this variation in eukaryotic parasites, with the exception of the antigenic variation used by immune-evading parasites of mammals. The present work aims to address this question in immune suppressive eukaryotic parasites. In Leptopilina boulardi, a parasitic wasp of Drosophila melanogaster, well-defined virulent and avirulent strains have been characterized. The success of virulent females is due to a major immune suppressive factor, LbGAP, a RacGAP protein present in the venom and injected into the host at oviposition. Here, we show that an homologous protein, named LbGAPy, is present in the venom of the avirulent strain. We then question whether the difference in virulence between strains originates from qualitative or quantitative differences in LbGAP and LbGAPy proteins. Results show that the recombinant LbGAPy protein has an in vitro GAP activity equivalent to that of recombinant LbGAP and similarly targets Drosophila Rac1 and Rac2 GTPases. In contrast, a much higher level of both mRNA and protein is found in venom-producing tissues of virulent parasitoids. The F1 offspring between virulent and avirulent strains show an intermediate level of LbGAP in their venom but a full success of parasitism. Interestingly, they express almost exclusively the virulent LbGAP allele in venom-producing tissues. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the major virulence factor in the wasp L. boulardi differs only quantitatively between virulent and avirulent strains, and suggest the existence of a threshold effect of this molecule on parasitoid virulence. We propose that regulation of gene expression might be a major mechanism at the origin of intraspecific variation of virulence in immune suppressive eukaryotic parasites. Understanding this variation would improve our knowledge of the mechanisms of transcriptional evolution currently under active investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Colinet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Sophia Antipolis, France.
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Muirhead KA, Sallam N, Austin AD. Life history traits and foraging behaviour ofCotesia nonagriae(Olliff) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a newly recognised member of theCotesia flavipescomplex of stemborer parasitoids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2009.00737.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dubuffet A, Colinet D, Anselme C, Dupas S, Carton Y, Poirié M. Variation of Leptopilina boulardi success in Drosophila hosts: what is inside the black box? ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2009; 70:147-88. [PMID: 19773070 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-308x(09)70006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between Drosophila hosts and parasitoid wasps are among the few examples in which occurrence of intraspecific variation of parasite success has been studied in natural populations. Such variations can originate from three categories of factors: environmental, host and parasitoid factors. Under controlled laboratory conditions, it is possible to focus on the two last categories, and, using specific reference lines, to analyze their respective importance. Parasitoid and host contributions to variations in parasite success have largely been studied in terms of evolutionary and mechanistic aspects in two Drosophila parasitoids, Asobara tabida and, in more details, in Leptopilina boulardi. This chapter focuses on the physiological and molecular aspects of L. boulardi interactions with two Drosophila host species, while most of the evolutionary hypotheses and models are presented in Chapter 11 of Dupas et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dubuffet
- Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
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28
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Branca A, Vavre F, Silvain JF, Dupas S. Maintenance of adaptive differentiation by Wolbachia induced bidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility: the importance of sib-mating and genetic systems. BMC Evol Biol 2009; 9:185. [PMID: 19653892 PMCID: PMC2738673 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2008] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteria of the genus Wolbachia are reproductive parasites widespread among arthropods. The most common effect arising from the presence of Wolbachia in a population is Cytoplasmic Incompatibility (CI), whereby postmating reproductive isolation occurs in crosses between an infected male and an uninfected female, or when a male is infected with a different strain of Wolbachia to that of the female (bidirectional CI). Previous theoretical models have demonstrated that bidirectional CI can contribute to the genetic divergence of populations in haploid and diploid organisms. However, haplodiploid organisms were not considered in these models even though they include Nasonia parasitoid wasps - the best example of the implication of Wolbachia in ongoing speciation. Moreover, previous work did not investigate inbreeding mating systems, which are frequently observed in arthropod species. RESULTS We developed a stochastic two-island model which simulated three genetic scenarios, diploidy, haploidy, and haplodiploidy, with two CI phenotypes being considered for the latter: (1) male development of female progeny; and (2) mortality of fertilized eggs. We also investigated the effect of varying the proportion of sib mating. In the model each allopatric population was initially fixed for a single allele at a nuclear locus under positive selection and infected with one strain of Wolbachia. Each simulation presupposed that the two populations were fixed for a different allele and a different strain of Wolbachia. The degree of genetic differentiation observed in the locus under selection due to bidirectional CI was much lower for the two haplodiploid phenotypes than for either diploids or haploids. Furthermore, we demonstrated that sib-mating may compensate for the lower efficiency of bidirectional CI in haplodiploids by maintaining genetic divergence. CONCLUSION Our model suggests that maintenance of genetic differentiation facilitated by Wolbachia is more likely to occur in diploids and haploids than in haplodiploids. However, increasing the level of sib-mating may compensate for the weak effect of bidirectional CI in haplodiploids. Our work therefore gives a potential explanation for why the haplodiploid Nasonia species, which are infected with bidirectionally incompatible Wolbachia strains and undergo sib-mating, have differentiated genetically and maintained this differentiation without premating isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Branca
- Unité de Recherche IRD 072, CNRS UPR9034, Laboratoire Evolution, Génome et Spéciation, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Poirié M, Carton Y, Dubuffet A. Virulence strategies in parasitoid Hymenoptera as an example of adaptive diversity. C R Biol 2008; 332:311-20. [PMID: 19281961 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2008.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Parasitoids are mostly insects that develop at the expense of other arthropods, which will die as a result of the interaction. Their reproductive success thus totally depends on their ability to successfully infest their host whose reproductive success relies on its own ability to avoid or overcome parasitism. Such intense selective pressures have resulted in extremely diverse adaptations in parasitoid strategies that ensure parasitism success. For instance, wasp-specific viruses (polydnaviruses) are injected into the host by parasitoid females to modulate its physiology and immunity. This article synthesizes available physiological and molecular data on parasitoid virulence strategies and discusses the evolutionary processes at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marylène Poirié
- UMR "Interactions biotiques et santé végétale", Université Nice Sophia Antipolis-CNRS (UMR 6243)-INRA (UMR 1301), 400 Route des Chappes, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France.
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Huang F, Shi M, Chen YF, Cao TT, Chen XX. Oogenesis of Diadegma semiclausum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and its associated polydnavirus. Microsc Res Tech 2008; 71:676-83. [PMID: 18454475 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We present a detailed ultrastructural analysis of ovary and calyx cell differentiation of Diadegma semiclausum. Numerous gametangia in various developmental stages were examined with electron microscopy to characterize the ultrastructure features of oogenesis, the most important of which is the development of nurse cells. In the germarium, the undifferentiated germ cells diversify, and one of the central cells of the cluster differentiates into an oocyte while the remaining become nurse cells. Germ cells continue developing in the vitellarium until mature and then enter into the calyx region. The calyx epithelium contains typical ichneumonid polydnaviruses with the following characteristics: (1) the virus particles assemble in the nuclei of calyx cells where they acquire an initial (inner) membrane, then migrate through the cytoplasm and budd out into the lumen of the ovary, at which time they acquire a second envelope (outer membrane); (2) the particle has a genome comprising several DNA segments. However, this new polydnavirus (Diadegma semiclausum polydnavirus) in the genus ichnovirus was not attached to the surface of the egg chorion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Huang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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31
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Shi M, Chen YF, Huang F, Zhou XP, Chen XX. Characterization of a novel Cotesia vestalis polydnavirus (CvBV) gene containing a ser-rich motif expressed in Plutella xylostella larvae. BMB Rep 2008; 41:587-92. [DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.8.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Dupas S, Gitau CW, Branca A, Le Rü BP, Silvain JF. Evolution of a polydnavirus gene in relation to parasitoid-host species immune resistance. J Hered 2008; 99:491-9. [PMID: 18552349 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esn047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CrV1, a polydisperse DNA virus (polydnavirus or PDV) gene contributes to the suppression of host immunity in Cotesia genus parasitoids. Its molecular evolution was analyzed in relation to levels of resistance in the sympatric host species. Natural selection for nonsynonymous substitutions (positive Darwinian selection) was observed at specific amino acid sites among CrV1 variants; particularly, between parasitoid strains immune suppressive and nonimmune suppressive to the main resistant stem borer host, Busseola fusca. In Cotesia sesamiae, geographic distribution of CrV1 alleles in Kenya was correlated to the relative abundance of B. fusca. These results suggest that PDV genes evolve through natural selection and are genetically linked to factors of suppression of local host resistance. We discuss the forces driving the evolution of CrV1 and its use as a marker to understand parasitoid adaptation to host resistance in biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Dupas
- IRD, UR R072 c/o CNRS, Lab. L.EG.S., BP1, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Shi M, Chen YF, Huang F, Liu PC, Zhou XP, Chen XX. Characterization of a novel gene encoding ankyrin repeat domain from Cotesia vestalis polydnavirus (CvBV). Virology 2008; 375:374-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2008.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2007] [Revised: 02/04/2008] [Accepted: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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