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Miyar HK, Jathanna NN, Selvaraj R, Vinayagam R, Pugazhendhi A, Goveas LC. Multifunctional hydrophobin-like protein (HFB-NJ1): A versatile solution for wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 255:119139. [PMID: 38750996 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
As wastewater contains a variety of contaminating bacteria and oily residues, there is an urgent need for environmentally safe bactericidal agents and surfactants which can be applied for wastewater treatment. The present study emphasizes on the potential of hydrophobin-like protein (HFB-NJ1) extracted from sporulating mycelia of Aspergillus sp. NJ1 for wastewater treatment. The purified HFB-NJ1, depicted the presence of one single protein band of molecular size approximately 11-12 kDa on silver-stained SDS-PAGE gel. HFB-NJ1 also presented properties such as surface modification of glass and stable emulsification of sunflower oil. HFB-NJ1 depicted exceptional antibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens such as Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at low MIC of 0.5 μg/mL and 0.75 μg/mL respectively. Additionally, HFB-NJ1 depicted enhanced emulsification of various vegetable and petroleum-based oils (E24 > 80%). HFB-NJ1 effectively reduced gold ions, producing nanospheres with a size of 15.33 nm - a recognized antimicrobial agent. This study underscores the multifunctional attributes of HFB-NJ1, highlighting its efficacy in removing pathogenic bacteria, emulsifying organic compounds from wastewater, and demonstrating a reduction ability for nanoparticle synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshitha Kamath Miyar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Department of Biotechnology Engineering, NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT), Nitte, India
| | - Neetha Nirupam Jathanna
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangalore, India
| | - Raja Selvaraj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Ramesh Vinayagam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - A Pugazhendhi
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Louella Concepta Goveas
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Department of Biotechnology Engineering, NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT), Nitte, India.
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de Souza JB, de Lacerda Coriolano D, dos Santos Silva RC, da Costa Júnior SD, de Almeida Campos LA, Cavalcanti IDL, Lira Nogueira MCDB, Pereira VRA, Brelaz-de-Castro MCA, Cavalcanti IMF. Ceftazidime and Usnic Acid Encapsulated in Chitosan-Coated Liposomes for Oral Administration against Colorectal Cancer-Inducing Escherichia coli. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:802. [PMID: 38931469 PMCID: PMC11206294 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli has been associated with the induction of colorectal cancer (CRC). Thus, combined therapy incorporating usnic acid (UA) and antibiotics such as ceftazidime (CAZ), co-encapsulated in liposomes, could be an alternative. Coating the liposomes with chitosan (Chi) could facilitate the oral administration of this nanocarrier. Liposomes were prepared using the lipid film hydration method, followed by sonication and chitosan coating via the drip technique. Characterization included particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, pH, encapsulation efficiency, and physicochemical analyses. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined against E. coli ATCC 25922, NCTC 13846, and H10407 using the microdilution method. Antibiofilm assays were conducted using the crystal violet method. The liposomes exhibited sizes ranging from 116.5 ± 5.3 to 240.3 ± 3.5 nm and zeta potentials between +16.4 ± 0.6 and +28 ± 0.8 mV. The encapsulation efficiencies were 51.5 ± 0.2% for CAZ and 99.94 ± 0.1% for UA. Lipo-CAZ-Chi and Lipo-UA-Chi exhibited antibacterial activity, inhibited biofilm formation, and preformed biofilms of E. coli. The Lipo-CAZ-UA-Chi and Lipo-CAZ-Chi + Lipo-UA-Chi formulations showed enhanced activities, potentially due to co-encapsulation or combination effects. These findings suggest potential for in vivo oral administration in future antibacterial and antibiofilm therapies against CRC-inducing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Barbosa de Souza
- Institute Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (J.B.d.S.); (D.d.L.C.); (R.C.d.S.S.); (S.D.d.C.J.); (L.A.d.A.C.); (I.D.L.C.); (M.C.d.B.L.N.)
| | - Davi de Lacerda Coriolano
- Institute Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (J.B.d.S.); (D.d.L.C.); (R.C.d.S.S.); (S.D.d.C.J.); (L.A.d.A.C.); (I.D.L.C.); (M.C.d.B.L.N.)
| | - Rayza Camila dos Santos Silva
- Institute Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (J.B.d.S.); (D.d.L.C.); (R.C.d.S.S.); (S.D.d.C.J.); (L.A.d.A.C.); (I.D.L.C.); (M.C.d.B.L.N.)
| | - Sérgio Dias da Costa Júnior
- Institute Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (J.B.d.S.); (D.d.L.C.); (R.C.d.S.S.); (S.D.d.C.J.); (L.A.d.A.C.); (I.D.L.C.); (M.C.d.B.L.N.)
| | - Luís André de Almeida Campos
- Institute Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (J.B.d.S.); (D.d.L.C.); (R.C.d.S.S.); (S.D.d.C.J.); (L.A.d.A.C.); (I.D.L.C.); (M.C.d.B.L.N.)
| | - Iago Dillion Lima Cavalcanti
- Institute Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (J.B.d.S.); (D.d.L.C.); (R.C.d.S.S.); (S.D.d.C.J.); (L.A.d.A.C.); (I.D.L.C.); (M.C.d.B.L.N.)
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Biotechnology and Cell Culture (NanoBioCel), Academic Center of Vitória (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680, PE, Brazil
| | - Mariane Cajubá de Britto Lira Nogueira
- Institute Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (J.B.d.S.); (D.d.L.C.); (R.C.d.S.S.); (S.D.d.C.J.); (L.A.d.A.C.); (I.D.L.C.); (M.C.d.B.L.N.)
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Biotechnology and Cell Culture (NanoBioCel), Academic Center of Vitória (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680, PE, Brazil
| | - Valéria Rêgo Alves Pereira
- Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM/FIOCRUZ), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-420, PE, Brazil;
| | - Maria Carolina Accioly Brelaz-de-Castro
- Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM/FIOCRUZ), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-420, PE, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Academic Center of Vitoria (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680, PE, Brazil
| | - Isabella Macário Ferro Cavalcanti
- Institute Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (J.B.d.S.); (D.d.L.C.); (R.C.d.S.S.); (S.D.d.C.J.); (L.A.d.A.C.); (I.D.L.C.); (M.C.d.B.L.N.)
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Academic Center of Vitória (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680, PE, Brazil
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Almuhanna Y. Effect of Ducrosia anethifolia methanol extract against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms on excision wound in diabetic mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1386483. [PMID: 38756229 PMCID: PMC11096459 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1386483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ducrosia anethifolia is an aromatic desert plant used in Saudi folk medicine to treat skin infections. It is widely found in Middle Eastern countries. Methods A methanolic extract of the plant was prepared, and its phytoconstituents were determined using LC-MS. In-vitro and in-vivo antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the methanolic extract were evaluated against multidrug-resistant bacteria. The cytotoxic effect was assessed using HaCaT cell lines in-vitro. Diabetic mice were used to study the in-vivo antibiofilm and wound healing activity using the excision wound method. Results More than 50 phytoconstituents were found in the extract after LC-MS analysis. The extract exhibited antibacterial activity against both the tested pathogens. The extract was free of irritant effects on mice skin, and no cytotoxicity was observed on HaCaT cells with an IC50 value of 1381 µg/ml. The ointment formulation of the extract increased the healing of diabetic wounds. The microbial load of both pathogens in the wounded tissue was also reduced after the treatment. The extract was more effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) than MDR-P. aeruginosa in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Further, skin regeneration was also observed in histological studies. Conclusions The results showed that D. anethifolia methanol extract supports wound healing in infected wounds in diabetic mice through antibacterial, antibiofilm, and wound healing activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Almuhanna
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
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Zhou M, Ma J, Kang M, Tang W, Xia S, Yin J, Yin Y. Flavonoids, gut microbiota, and host lipid metabolism. Eng Life Sci 2024; 24:2300065. [PMID: 38708419 PMCID: PMC11065335 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are widely distributed in nature and have a variety of beneficial biological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity effects. All of these are related to gut microbiota, and flavonoids also serve as a bridge between the host and gut microbiota. Flavonoids are commonly used to modify the composition of the gut microbiota by promoting or inhibiting specific microbial species within the gut, as well as modifying their metabolites. In turn, the gut microbiota extensively metabolizes flavonoids. Hence, this reciprocal relationship between flavonoids and the gut microbiota may play a crucial role in maintaining the balance and functionality of the metabolism system. In this review, we mainly highlighted the biological effects of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiobesity, and discussed the interaction between flavonoids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism, and elaborated the potential mechanisms on host lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhou
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Meng Kang
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Wenjie Tang
- Sichuan Animal Science AcademyLivestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Animtech Feed Co., LtdChengduSichuanChina
| | - Siting Xia
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yulong Yin
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
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Talaat R, Abu El-Naga MN, El-Bialy HAA, El-Fouly MZ, Abouzeid MA. Quenching of quorum sensing in multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: insights on halo-bacterial metabolites and gamma irradiation as channels inhibitors. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2024; 23:31. [PMID: 38600513 PMCID: PMC11007959 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-024-00684-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-virulence therapy is a promising strategy to treat multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a potent opportunistic pathogen because of an array of virulence factors that are regulated by quorum sensing systems. METHODS The virulence features of four multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa strains were investigated upon exposure to the sub-lethal dose of gamma rays (1 kGy), and sub-inhibitory concentrations of bioactive metabolites recovered from local halophilic strains in comparison to control. Then, the gene expression of AHL-mediated quorum sensing systems (las/rhl) was quantitatively determined in treated and untreated groups by real-time PCR. RESULTS The bioactive metabolites recovered from halophilic strains previously isolated from saline ecosystems were identified as Halomonas cupida (Halo-Rt1), H. elongate (Halo-Rt2), Vigibacillus natechei (Halo-Rt3), Sediminibacillus terrae (Halo-Rt4) and H. almeriensis (Halo-Rt5). Results revealed that both gamma irradiation and bioactive metabolites significantly reduced the virulence factors of the tested MDR strains. The bioactive metabolites showed a maximum efficiency for inhibiting biofilm formation and rhamnolipids production whereas the gamma irradiation succeeded in decreasing other virulence factors to lower levels in comparison to control. Quantitative-PCR results showed that AHL-mediated quorum sensing systems (las/rhl) in P. aeruginosa strains were downregulated either by halo-bacterial metabolites or gamma irradiation in all treatments except the upregulation of both lasI internal gene and rhlR intact gene in P. aeruginosa NCR-RT3 and both rhlI internal gene and rhlR intact gene in P. aeruginosa U3 by nearly two folds or more upon exposure to gamma irradiation. The most potent result was observed in the expression of lasI internal gene that was downregulated by more than ninety folds in P. aeruginosa NCR-RT2 after treatment with metabolites of S. terrae (Halo-Rt4). Analyzing metabolites recovered from H. cupida (Halo-Rt1) and H. elongate (Halo-Rt2) using LC-ESI-MS/MS revealed many chemical compounds that have quorum quenching properties including glabrol, 5,8-dimethoxyquinoline-2-carbaldehyde, linoleoyl ethanolamide, agelasine, penigequinolones derivatives, berberine, tetracosanoic acid, and liquidambaric lactone in the former halophile and phloretin, lycoctonine, fucoxanthin, and crassicauline A in the latter one. CONCLUSION QS inhibitors can significantly reduce the pathogenicity of MDR P. aeruginosa strains; and thus can be an effective and successful strategy for treating antibiotic resistant traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Talaat
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N Abu El-Naga
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Abd Alla El-Bialy
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohie Z El-Fouly
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abouzeid
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Science, Galala University, Suez, Egypt
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ElNaggar MH, Abdelmohsen UR, Abdel Bar FM, Kamer AA, Bringmann G, Elekhnawy E. Investigation of bioactive components responsible for the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of Caroxylon volkensii by LC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis and molecular docking. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11388-11399. [PMID: 38595719 PMCID: PMC11002840 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01646g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Caroxylon volkensii is a wild desert plant of the family Amaranthaceae. This study represents the first report of the metabolomic profiling of C. volkensii by liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS/MS). The dereplication study of its secondary metabolites led to the characterization of 66 known compounds. These compounds include catecholamines, tyramine derivatives, phenolic acids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and others. A new tyramine derivative, alongside other known compounds, was reported for the first time in the Amaranthaceae family. The new derivative and the first-reported compounds were putatively identified through MS/MS fragmentation data. Given the notorious taxonomical challenges within the genus Salsola, to which C. volkensii previously belonged, our study could offer a valuable insight into its chemical fingerprint and phylogenetic relationship to different Salsola species. The antibacterial potential of C. volkensii methanolic extract (CVM) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was screened. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CVM ranged from 32 to 256 μg mL-1. The anti-quorum sensing potential of CVM resulted in a decrease in the percentage of strong and moderate biofilm-forming isolates from 47.83% to 17.39%. It revealed a concentration-dependent inhibitory activity on violacein formation by Chromobacterium violaceum. Moreover, CVM exhibited an in vivo protective potential against the killing capacity of P. aeruginosa isolates. A molecular docking study revealed that the quorum-sensing inhibitory effect of CVM can be attributed to the binding of tyramine conjugates, ethyl-p-digallate, and isorhamnetin to the transcriptional global activator LasR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai H ElNaggar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University 33516 Kafrelsheikh Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University 61111 New Minia Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University 61519 Minia Egypt
| | - Fatma M Abdel Bar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Amal Abo Kamer
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University Tanta 31527 Egypt
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University Tanta 31527 Egypt
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de Lima EJSP, Paz WHP, Dávila Cardozo NM, Boleti APA, Silva PSE, Mukoyama LTH, da Silva FMA, Costa EV, Tavares JF, Migliolo L, Koolen HHF. Anti-biofilm and anti-inflammatory active diterpene isolated from the fruit of Xylopia benthamii R.E.Fr. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:956-967. [PMID: 37154695 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2208357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Xylopia benthamii (Annonaceae) is a plant with limited phytochemical and pharmacological evidence. Thus, using LC-MS/MS, we performed exploratory analyses of the fruit extract of X. benthamii, resulting in the tentative identification of alkaloids (1-7) and diterpenes (8-13). Through the application of chromatography techniques with the extract of X. benthamii, two kaurane diterpenes were isolated, xylopinic acid (9) and ent-15-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (11). Their structures were established using spectroscopy (NMR 1D/2D) and mass spectrometry. The isolated compounds were submitted to anti-biofilm analysis against Acinetobacter baumannii, anti-neuroinflammatory and cytotoxic activity in BV-2 cells. Compound 11 (201.75 µM) inhibited 35% of bacterial biofilm formation and high anti-inflammatory activity in BV-2 (IC50 = 0.78 µM). In conclusion, the results demonstrated that compound 11 was characterized for the first time with pharmacological potential in the development of new alternatives for studies with neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilly J S P de Lima
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Metabolômica e Espectrometria de Massas, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brasil
| | - Weider H P Paz
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Metabolômica e Espectrometria de Massas, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brasil
| | | | - Ana Paula A Boleti
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Patrícia Souza E Silva
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Lincoln T H Mukoyama
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | | | - Emmanoel V Costa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brasil
| | - Josean F Tavares
- Laboratório Multiusuário de Caracterização e Análises, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brasil
| | - Ludovico Migliolo
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | - Hector H F Koolen
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Metabolômica e Espectrometria de Massas, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brasil
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Kart NNB, Günal B, Mutlu D, Doğan NM, Arslan Ş, Semiz G. Evaluating Antibiofilm, Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Activities of Scutellaria brevibracteata subsp. brevibracteata Essential Oil. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300878. [PMID: 37947368 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils have many important biological properties, including antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. These unique properties make, essential oils good alternatives to synthetic chemical drugs, which have many side effects. In this study, we aimed to determine the chemical composition and biological activity of the essential oil obtained from Scutellaria brevibracteata subsp. brevibracteata. Specifically, its antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 biofilms using XTT assay. Cytotoxic and apoptotic properties of the essential oil were investigated in human lung cancer cells (A540 and H1299) using MTT assay, Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide staining and q-PCR. Thirty-two different compounds were identified from the essential oil, of which elemol (20.42 %), γ-eudesmol (20.12 %) and β-eudesmol (14.85 %) were the main components. The essential oil was more effective against P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm (79 %) than S. aureus ATCC 29213 biofilm (27 %). The specific activity of the essential oil against P. aeruginosa biofilm may be related to its high terpene contents. In addition, the essential oil showed high cytotoxic activity towards A549 (IC50 9.09 μg/ml) and H1299 (IC50 55.04 μg/ml) cell lines, inducing apoptosis in these cancer cells. These results demonstrate the antibiofilm and anticancer activities of S. brevibracteata subsp. brevibracteata essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Batıkan Günal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Türkiye
| | - Doğukan Mutlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Türkiye
| | - Nazime Mercan Doğan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Türkiye
| | - Şevki Arslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Türkiye
| | - Gürkan Semiz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Türkiye
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Hassan NH, El-Hawary SS, Emam M, Safwat NA, Rabeh MA, Abdelmohsen UR, Selim NM. Nephthea sp. inhibits biofilm, DNA gyrase, HSP90, and DHFR: in vitro, in silico, and pharmacokinetics studies. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3896-3901. [PMID: 36519250 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2156998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study attempts to identify and assess a novel marine-derived antibiofilm agent. The antibacterial activity of n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions from the crude extract of soft coral Nephthea sp. was evaluated against six microorganisms.Ethyl acetate fraction considered the most effective one against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Candida, investigated potential biofilm inhibition against the tested strains. Seventeen secondary metabolites were identified using (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) responsible for these biological activities of the active fraction. Additionally, a molecular docking study showed free binding energy of -7.5 kcal/mol; Azamial A had the highest binding affinity for the DNA gyrase enzyme, while Sinularectin had -8.3 and -7.6 kcal/mol for the DHFR and HSP90 enzymes, respectively. Moreover, pharmacokinetics and (ADME) studies for Azamial A and Sinularectin were performed. Finally, results were confirmed by the in vitro enzymatic inhibitory effect of ethyl acetate fraction suggested in the in-silico study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevine H Hassan
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham S El-Hawary
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Emam
- Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nesreen A Safwat
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Rabeh
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia, Egypt
| | - Nabil M Selim
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Silva E, Teixeira JA, Pereira MO, Rocha CMR, Sousa AM. Evolving biofilm inhibition and eradication in clinical settings through plant-based antibiofilm agents. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:154973. [PMID: 37499434 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After almost 100 years since evidence of biofilm mode of growth and decades of intensive investigation about their formation, regulatory pathways and mechanisms of antimicrobial tolerance, nowadays there are still no therapeutic solutions to eradicate bacterial biofilms and their biomedical related issues. PURPOSE This review intends to provide a comprehensive summary of the recent and most relevant published studies on plant-based products, or their isolated compounds with antibiofilm activity mechanisms of action or identified molecular targets against bacterial biofilms. The objective is to offer a new perspective of most recent data for clinical researchers aiming to prevent or eliminate biofilm-associated infections caused by bacterial pathogens. METHODS The search was performed considering original research articles published on PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus from 2015 to April 2023, using keywords such as "antibiofilm", "antivirulence", "phytochemicals" and "plant extracts". RESULTS Over 180 articles were considered for this review with a focus on the priority human pathogens listed by World Health Organization, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Inhibition and detachment or dismantling of biofilms formed by these pathogens were found using plant-based extract/products or derivative compounds. Although combination of plant-based products and antibiotics were recorded and discussed, this topic is currently poorly explored and only for a reduced number of bacterial species. CONCLUSIONS This review clearly demonstrates that plant-based products or derivative compounds may be a promising therapeutic strategy to eliminate bacterial biofilms and their associated infections. After thoroughly reviewing the vast amount of research carried out over years, it was concluded that plant-based products are mostly able to prevent biofilm formation through inhibition of quorum sensing signals, but also to disrupt mature biofilms developed by multidrug resistant bacteria targeting the biofilm extracellular polymeric substance. Flavonoids and phenolic compounds seemed the most effective against bacterial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Silva
- Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO - Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - José A Teixeira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO - Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Olivia Pereira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO - Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Cristina M R Rocha
- Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO - Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Sousa
- Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO - Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal.
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Royani A, Hanafi M, Lotulung PDN, Julistiono H, Dinoto A, Manaf A. Analysis of the Antibacterial Activity and the Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of the Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract as an Antimicrobial Agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. SCIENTIFICA 2023; 2023:5782063. [PMID: 37811131 PMCID: PMC10560120 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5782063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium that causes metal deterioration by forming biofilms on metal surfaces. This work was carried out to analyze the antibacterial activity and the phenolic and flavonoid contents of the Moringa oleifera leaf extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. M. oleifera leaves were extracted in a methanol solution at different concentrations. The M. oleifera leaf extract yields were 12.84%, 18.96%, and 19.64% for the 100%, 75%, and 50% methanol ratios, respectively. Extracts of M. oleifera leaves had a minimum inhibiting concentration (MIC) of approximately 6144 μg/mL against P. aeruginosa for a ratio of 100% methanol. In addition, no antibacterial activity was found for the 75% and 50% methanol ratios. The total phenolic levels were 16.26%, 12.73%, and 12.33% for the 100%, 75%, and 50% methanol solvent ratios, respectively. The total amounts of flavonoids were 23.32%, 3.40%, and 0.64% for the 100%, 75%, and 50% methanol solvents, respectively. The chemical structure of M. oleifera consists of kaemferol-3-O-rutinoside, quercimeritrin, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, stearidonic acid, trichosanic acid, pyrophaeophorbide A, and stigmastan-3,6-dione. The concentration of the solvent is essential in the extraction of plant constituents. Different concentrations indicate differences in antibacterial activity, phenolic and flavonoid contents, and chemical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Royani
- Postgraduate Program of Materials Science Study, Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
- Research Center for Metallurgy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Kawasan Puspiptek, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Hanafi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang Selatan-Banten 15314, Indonesia
| | - Puspa Dewi N. Lotulung
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang Selatan-Banten 15314, Indonesia
| | - Heddy Julistiono
- Research Center of Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - Achmad Dinoto
- Research Center of Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - Azwar Manaf
- Postgraduate Program of Materials Science Study, Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
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Tumpa NI, Chowdhury MHU, Asma AA. Deciphering the antimicrobial, antibiofilm and membrane stabilizing synergism of Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. leaves and stems substantiation through in vitro and in silico studies. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 38:e00797. [PMID: 37124472 PMCID: PMC10131130 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2023.e00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Considering the traditional application of Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. against wounds and itching. Leaves (MSL) and stems (MSS) were sequentially extracted using solvents petroleum-ether, carbon-tetrachloride, chloroform, ethyl-acetate and ethanol. Disk-diffusion assay revealed the ethyl acetate MSL and MSS extracts were the prominent against ten bacteria, five carbapenem-resistant bacteria and one fungal strains. Subsequent quantitative antimicrobial analysis specified MSL extractives more potent over MSS with lower 1500 and 3500µg/ml MIC and MBC value in both gram-negative and positive bacteria. These sturdiest ethyl-acetate MSL extractives antimicrobial efficiency also fostered fungicidal activity having lower 100µg/ml MFC. Whereat, almost homologous 160-180 min timing noted liken to standard ciprofloxacin susceptibility in both strains, 75% biofilm inhibition at 2×MIC concentration along with 92±0.2% membrane stabilizing activities over synthetic counterparts prospected in preceding standard extractives. Computational molecular docking of MSL compounds supported this findings therefore forego this valuable synergistic insight as antimicrobial agents to efficiently eradicate human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Islam Tumpa
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Helal Uddin Chowdhury
- Ethnobotany and Pharmacognosy Lab, Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chattogram-4331, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author at: Research Assistant, Ethnobotany and Pharmacognosy Lab, Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh.
| | - Ankhy Alamgir Asma
- Ethnobotany and Pharmacognosy Lab, Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chattogram-4331, Bangladesh
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Goswami AG, Basu S, Banerjee T, Shukla VK. Biofilm and wound healing: from bench to bedside. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:157. [PMID: 37098583 PMCID: PMC10127443 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01121-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The bubbling community of microorganisms, consisting of diverse colonies encased in a self-produced protective matrix and playing an essential role in the persistence of infection and antimicrobial resistance, is often referred to as a biofilm. Although apparently indolent, the biofilm involves not only inanimate surfaces but also living tissue, making it truly ubiquitous. The mechanism of biofilm formation, its growth, and the development of resistance are ever-intriguing subjects and are yet to be completely deciphered. Although an abundance of studies in recent years has focused on the various ways to create potential anti-biofilm and antimicrobial therapeutics, a dearth of a clear standard of clinical practice remains, and therefore, there is essentially a need for translating laboratory research to novel bedside anti-biofilm strategies that can provide a better clinical outcome. Of significance, biofilm is responsible for faulty wound healing and wound chronicity. The experimental studies report the prevalence of biofilm in chronic wounds anywhere between 20 and 100%, which makes it a topic of significant concern in wound healing. The ongoing scientific endeavor to comprehensively understand the mechanism of biofilm interaction with wounds and generate standardized anti-biofilm measures which are reproducible in the clinical setting is the challenge of the hour. In this context of "more needs to be done", we aim to explore various effective and clinically meaningful methods currently available for biofilm management and how these tools can be translated into safe clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Somprakas Basu
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, 249203, India.
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Ray RR, Pattnaik S. Contribution of phytoextracts in challenging the biofilms of pathogenic bacteria. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Rather MA, Gupta K, Gupta AK, Mishra P, Qureshi A, Dutta TK, Joardar SN, Mandal M. Phytochemical Analysis and Demonstration of Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antibiofilm Activities of Ethnomedicinal Plants of North East India. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:3257-3294. [PMID: 36580260 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04273-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ethnomedicinal plants are a rich reservoir of active compounds with potent pharmacological properties. Therefore, plants could serve as a source for the discovery of active antimicrobial and antioxidant agents and are focused because of their low toxicity, economic viability, easy availability, etc. In this regard, phytochemical analyses, viz. β-carotene, total sugar, reducing sugar, vitamin C, total carotenoids, protein, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) of 20 ethnomedicinal plants of North East India (NEI) were evaluated in this study. The antibacterial activity against human pathogens and antioxidant potential of plant extracts was also demonstrated. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC80), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and total antibacterial activity (TAA) of the active extracts were evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Chromobacterium violaceum. The active extracts were also examined for antibiofilm as well as anti-pyocyanin activities against P. aeruginosa and anti-QS activity against C. violaceum at sub-MICs. The study demonstrated variable concentration of phytochemicals of the extracts, viz. β-carotene (0.29-8.91 mg g-1), total sugar (2.92-30.6 mM), reducing sugar (0.44-14.5 mM), vitamin C (8.41-31.3 mg g-1), total carotenoids (14.9-267.0 mg g-1), protein (5.65-283 mg g-1), TPC (5.32-31.0 mg GAE/g DW), and TFC (1.74-68.2 mg QE/g DW). The plant extracts also exhibited potent antioxidant and antibacterial activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Some of the extracts also demonstrated significant biofilm inhibition and eradication, anti-pyocyanin, and anti-QS activities at sub-MICs. The selected ethnomedicinal plants are rich in phytochemicals and demonstrated potent antioxidant, antibacterial, and antibiofilm activities, thus could serve as the important source of novel antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Ahmad Rather
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Kuldeep Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Arun Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences (Food Technology), Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Poonam Mishra
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Asifa Qureshi
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division (EBGD) CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur, 440020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Delhi, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Dutta
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology CVSc & AH, Central Agricultural University Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796014, India
| | - Siddhartha Narayan Joardar
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences , 68, K. B. Sarani, Kolkata- , 700037, India
| | - Manabendra Mandal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India.
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Antibacterial Screening of Isoespintanol, an Aromatic Monoterpene Isolated from Oxandra xylopioides Diels. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27228004. [PMID: 36432105 PMCID: PMC9692887 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of nosocomial infections, as well as the high mortality and drug resistance expressed by nosocomial pathogens, especially in immunocompromised patients, poses significant medical challenges. Currently, the efficacy of plant compounds with antimicrobial potential has been reported as a promising alternative therapy to traditional methods. Isoespintanol (ISO) is a monoterpene with high biological activity. Using the broth microdilution method, the antibacterial activity of ISO was examined in 90 clinical isolates, which included 14 different species: (Escherichia coli (38), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12), Klebsiella pneumoniae (13), Acinetobacter baumannii (3), Proteus mirabilis (7), Staphylococcus epidermidis (3), Staphylococcus aureus (5), Enterococcus faecium (1), Enterococcus faecalis (1), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (2), Citrobacter koseri (2), Serratia marcescens (1), Aeromonas hydrophila (1), and Providencia rettgeri (1). MIC90 minimum inhibitory concentration values ranged from 694.3 to 916.5 µg/mL and MIC50 values from 154.2 to 457.3 µg/mL. The eradication of mature biofilms in P. aeruginosa after 1 h of exposure to ISO was between 6.6 and 77.4%, being higher in all cases than the percentage of biofilm eradication in cells treated with ciprofloxacin, which was between 4.3 and 67.5%. ISO has antibacterial and antibiofilm potential against nosocomial bacteria and could serve as an adjuvant in the control of these pathogens.
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Abdel Bar FM, Alossaimi MA, Elekhnawy E, Alzeer MAA, Abo Kamer A, Moglad E, ElNaggar MH. Anti-Quorum Sensing and Anti-Biofilm Activity of Pelargonium × hortorum Root Extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Combinatorial Effect of Catechin and Gallic Acid. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227841. [PMID: 36431942 PMCID: PMC9695561 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
HPLC-UV was used to compare the major constituents of two Pelargonium × hortorum cultivars and Pelargonium sidoides root extract. It revealed the presence of catechin and gallic acid in high concentrations and the absence of umckalin in P. × hortorum root extracts. The antibacterial activity of these extracts was screened against 19 Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. P. × hortorum root extracts showed the lowest MIC values (512-1024 µg/mL). This activity was concluded to be attributable to the high concentrations of catechin and gallic acid. The anti-biofilm activity of catechin, gallic acid, and their combination was examined by a crystal violet assay. The combination reduced the percentage of strong and moderate biofilm-forming isolates from 52.63% to 5.26%. The impact on lasI and lasR genes expression using qRT-PCR and simultaneous docking against LasR protein was explored. The combination downregulated lasI and lasR gene expression in eight and six P. aeruginosa isolates, respectively, and showed the greatest docking score. Additionally, the in vivo protection capability of this combination in infected mice showed enhancement in the survival rate. Our study revealed the potential biofilm and quorum-sensing-inhibitory activity of the catechin and gallic acid combination as a novel alternative to inhibit bacterial pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M. Abdel Bar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-54540-3617
| | - Manal A. Alossaimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | | | - Amal Abo Kamer
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai H. ElNaggar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
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Caigoy JC, Xedzro C, Kusalaruk W, Nakano H. Antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antimotility signatures of some natural antimicrobials against Vibrio cholerae. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2022; 369:6665928. [PMID: 35963648 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnac076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is an etiological cause of cholera and has been implicated in several epidemics. Exploration of the antimicrobial signatures of culinary spices has become an important industrial tool to suppress the growth of foodborne bacterial pathogens including Vibrio spp. The antibiofilm and antimotility activities of some selected natural antimicrobial agents were then evaluated. All the extracts showed vibriostatic activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.1% to 0.4%. Cinnamon and black pepper demonstrated significant biofilm inhibition activity from 94.77% to 99.77% when administered at 100% MIC. Black pepper extract also demonstrated the highest biofilm inhibition activity against the established biofilms of V. cholerae O1 and O139. Cinnamon, calabash nutmeg, and black pepper significantly inhibited swimming and swarming motility by 85.51% to 94.87%. Sub-MICs (50% and 75%) of some extracts were also effective as an antibiofilm and antimotility agent against the tested strains. The findings of our study suggest the potential application of natural antimicrobial agents such as spices in food to inhibit biofilm formation and motility, which consequently mitigate the virulence and persistence of the pathogen in the food supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jant Cres Caigoy
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Graduate School of Integrated Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Christian Xedzro
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Graduate School of Integrated Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Waraporn Kusalaruk
- Department of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, 19 Moo 2 Tambon Maeka, Amphur Muang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Hiroyuki Nakano
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Graduate School of Integrated Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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Anti-pathogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound healing efficacy of Datura metel L. leaves. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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20
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Moopantakath J, Imchen M, Sreevalsan A, Siddhardha B, Martínez-Espinosa RM, Kumavath R. Biosynthesis of Silver Chloride Nanoparticles (AgCl-NPs) from Extreme Halophiles and Evaluation of Their Biological Applications. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:266. [PMID: 35881211 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has gained an overwhelming interest due to their biological applications. However, NPs synthesis by pigmented extreme halophiles remains underexplored. The NPs synthesis using pigmented halophiles is inexpensive and less toxic than other processes. In this study, pigmented halophilic microorganisms (n = 77) were screened to synthesize silver chloride nanoparticles (AgCl-NPs) with silver nitrate as metal precursors, and their biological applications were assessed. The synthesis of AgCl-NPs was possible using the crude extract from cellular lysis (CECL) of six extreme halophiles. Two of the AgCl-NPs viz. AK2-NPs and MY6-NPs synthesized by the CECL of Haloferax alexandrinus RK_AK2 and Haloferax lucentense RK_MY6, respectively, exhibited antimicrobial, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. The surface plasmon resonance of the AgCl-NPs was determined with UV spectroscopy. XRD analysis of AK2-NPs and MY6-NPs confirmed the presence of silver in the form of chlorargyrite (silver chloride) having a cubic structure. The crystallite size of AK2-NPs and MY6-NPs, estimated with the Scherrer formula, was 115.81 nm and 137.50 nm. FTIR analysis verified the presence of diverse functional groups. Dynamic light-scattering analysis confirmed that the average size distribution of NPs was 71.02 nm and 117.36 nm for AK2-NPs and MY6-NPs, respectively, with monodisperse nature. The functional group in 1623-1641 cm-1 indicated the presence of protein β-sheet structure and shifting of amino and hydroxyl groups from the pigmented CECL, which helps in capping and stabilizing nanoparticles. The study provides evidence that CECL of Haloferax species can rapidly synthesize NPs with unique characteristics and biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamseel Moopantakath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (PO), Kasaragod, Kerala, 671320, India
| | - Madangchanok Imchen
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (PO), Kasaragod, Kerala, 671320, India.,Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Aathira Sreevalsan
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (PO), Kasaragod, Kerala, 671320, India
| | - Busi Siddhardha
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Division, Agrochemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, Ap. 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain.,Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies "Ramón Margalef" University of Alicante, Ap. 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ranjith Kumavath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (PO), Kasaragod, Kerala, 671320, India.
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Dahibhate NL, Shukla SK, Kumar K. A Cyclic Disulfide Diastereomer From Bioactive Fraction of Bruguiera gymnorhiza Shows Anti- Pseudomonas aeruginosa Activity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:890790. [PMID: 35721160 PMCID: PMC9201687 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that commonly causes hospital-acquired infection and is of great concern in immunocompromised patients. The quorum sensing (QS) mechanism of P. aeruginosa is well studied and known to be responsible for pathogenicity and virulence. The QS inhibitor derived from the natural product can be an important therapeutic agent for pathogen control. The present study reports the role of Bruguiera gymnorhiza purified fraction (BG138) in inhibiting virulence factor production, biofilm formation, quorum sensing molecules, and expression of QS-related genes of P. aeruginosa. Structural characterization of BG138 by high resolution mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1D (1H and 13C NMR) and 2D NMR reveals that the fraction is a mixture of already known cyclic disulfide diastereomer, namely, brugierol and isobrugierol. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of BG138 against P. aeruginosa was 32 μg/ml. Biofilm formation was significantly reduced at sub-MIC concentrations of BG138. Scanning electron microscopy analysis reports the concentration-dependent biofilm inhibition and morphological changes of P. aeruginosa. Flow cytometry–based cell viability assay showed that P. aeruginosa cells exhibit increased propidium iodide uptake on treatment with 32 and 64 μg/ml of BG138. At sub-MIC concentrations, BG138 exhibited significant inhibition of virulence factors and reduced swimming and swarming motility of P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, the effect of BG138 on the expression of QS-related genes was investigated by qRT-PCR. Taken together, our study reports the isolation and structural characterization of bioactive fraction BG138 from B. gymnorhiza and its anti-biofilm, anti-virulence, anti-quorum sensing, and cell-damaging activities against P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Lakshman Dahibhate
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Goa, India
| | - Sanjeev K Shukla
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Kundan Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Goa, India
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22
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Johnson AM, Thamburaj S, Etikala A, Sarma C, Mummaleti G, Kalakandan SK. Evaluation of antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of chitosan edible coating with plant extracts against
Salmonella
and
E. coli
isolated from chicken. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anju Mariam Johnson
- Department of Food Biotechnology Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT) Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
| | - Suman Thamburaj
- Department of Food Biotechnology Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT) Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
| | - Akhila Etikala
- Department of Food Biotechnology Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT) Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
| | - Chayanika Sarma
- Department of Food Biotechnology Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT) Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
| | - Gopinath Mummaleti
- Department of Food Biotechnology Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT) Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
| | - Suresh Kumar Kalakandan
- Department of Food Biotechnology Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT) Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
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23
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Raffaelli S, Abreo E, Altier N, Vázquez Á, Alborés S. Bioprospecting the Antibiofilm and Antimicrobial Activity of Soil and Insect Gut Bacteria. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27062002. [PMID: 35335364 PMCID: PMC8951591 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27062002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing concern in public health and current research shows an important role for bacterial biofilms in recurrent or chronic infections. New strategies, therefore, are necessary to overcome antimicrobial resistance, through the development of new therapies that could alter or inhibit biofilm formation. In this sense, antibiofilm natural products are very promising. In this work, a bioprospection of antimicrobial and antibiofilm extracts from Uruguayan soil bacteria and insect gut bacteria was carried out. Extracts from extracellular broths were tested for their ability to inhibit planktonic cell growth and biofilm formation. Genomic analysis of Bacillus cereus ILBB55 was carried out. All extracts were able to inhibit the growth of, at least, one microorganism and several extracts showed MICs lower than 500 µg mL−1 against microorganisms of clinical relevance (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter cloacae). Among the extracts evaluated for biofilm inhibition only ILBB55, from B. cereus, was able to inhibit, S. aureus (99%) and P. aeruginosa (62%) biofilms. Genomic analysis of this strain showed gene clusters similar to other clusters that code for known antimicrobial compounds. Our study revealed that extracts from soil bacteria and insect gut bacteria, especially from B. cereus ILBB55, could be potential candidates for drug discovery to treat infectious diseases and inhibit S. aureus and P. aeruginosa biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Raffaelli
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo CP 11800, Uruguay;
- Laboratorio de Farmacognosia y Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo CP 11800, Uruguay
- Posgrado en Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo CP 11800, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Abreo
- Laboratorio de Bioproducción, Plataforma de Bioinsumos, Estación Experimental INIA Las Brujas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Canelones CP 90200, Uruguay; (E.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Nora Altier
- Laboratorio de Bioproducción, Plataforma de Bioinsumos, Estación Experimental INIA Las Brujas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Canelones CP 90200, Uruguay; (E.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Álvaro Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Farmacognosia y Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo CP 11800, Uruguay
- Correspondence: (Á.V.); (S.A.)
| | - Silvana Alborés
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo CP 11800, Uruguay;
- Correspondence: (Á.V.); (S.A.)
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24
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Chakrabarty S, Mishra MP, Bhattacharyay D. Targeting Microbial Bio-film: an Update on MDR Gram-Negative Bio-film Producers Causing Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:2796-2830. [PMID: 35247153 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03711-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In every age group, urinary tract infection (UTI) is found as a major recurrence infectious disorder. Bio-films produced by bacteria perform a vital role in causing infection in the tract of the urinary system, leading to recurrences and relapses. The purpose of this review is to present the role and mechanism of bio-film producing MDR Gram-negative bacteria causing UTI, their significance, additionally the challenges for remedy and prevention of catheter-associated UTI. This work appreciates a new understanding of bio-film producers which are having multi-drug resistance capability and focuses on the effect and control of bio-film producing uropathogenic bacteria related to catheterization. We have tried to analyze approaches to target bio-film and reported phytochemicals with anti-bio-film activity also updated on anti-bio-film therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Chakrabarty
- School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Sitapur, Odisha, India
| | - Monali P Mishra
- School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Sitapur, Odisha, India.
| | - Dipankar Bhattacharyay
- School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Sitapur, Odisha, India
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25
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Antidiarrheal and Antibacterial Activities of Monterey Cypress Phytochemicals: In Vivo and In Vitro Approach. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020346. [PMID: 35056664 PMCID: PMC8780600 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Monterey cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa) is a decorative plant; however, it possesses various pharmacological activities. Therefore, we explored the phytochemical profile of C. macrocarpa root methanol extract (CRME) for the first time. Moreover, we investigated its antidiarrheal (in vivo), antibacterial, and antibiofilm (in vitro) activities against Salmonella enterica clinical isolates. The LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of CRME detected the presence of 39 compounds, besides isolation of 2,3,2″,3″-tetrahydro-4'-O-methyl amentoflavone, amentoflavone, and dihydrokaempferol-3-O-α-l-rhamnoside for the first time. Dihydrokaempferol-3-O-α-l-rhamnoside presented the highest antimicrobial activity and the range of values of MICs against S. enterica isolates was from 64 to 256 µg/mL. The antidiarrheal activity of CRME was investigated by induction of diarrhea using castor oil, and exhibited a significant reduction in diarrhea and defecation frequency at all doses, enteropooling (at 400 mg/kg), and gastrointestinal motility (at 200, 400 mg/kg) in mice. The antidiarrheal index of CRME increased in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of CRME on various membrane characters of S. enterica was studied after typing the isolates by ERIC-PCR. Its impact on efflux and its antibiofilm activity were inspected. The biofilm morphology was observed using light and scanning electron microscopes. The effect on efflux activity and biofilm formation was further elucidated using qRT-PCR. A significant increase in inner and outer membrane permeability and a significant decrease in integrity and depolarization (using flow cytometry) were detected with variable percentages. Furthermore, a significant reduction in efflux and biofilm formation was observed. Therefore, CRME could be a promising source for treatment of gastrointestinal tract diseases.
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26
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Govindan Nadar R, Chackaravarthy G, Ramachandran G, Manoharan N, Muhammad Zubair S, Alharbi NS, Alobaidi AS, Li WJ. Isolation and molecular identification of biofilm producing P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae from urinary tract infections patient urine sample. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:1875-1880. [PMID: 34802975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent years, multi drug resistant pathogens and their pathogenicity were increased worldwide due to unauthorized consumption of antibiotics. In addition, correlation between multi drug resistant bacteria and biofilm formation is heightened due to the production of more virulence behavior. There is no better identification methods are available for detection of biofilm producing gram negative bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this research work, multi drug resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) were identified based on the specific antibiotics and third generation cephalosporin discs by disc diffusion assay. Subsequently, biofilm forming ability of selected pathogens were identified tissue culture plate and tube test. Based on the multi-drug resistant ability and biofilm production, the molecular identification of P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae were confirmed by PCR using universal primers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS No zone of inhibition present around the discs of muller hinton agar plates were confirm, selected P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae strains were multi drug resistant pathogens. Performed third generation cephalosporin antibiotics were also highly sensitive to selected pathogens of P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae. Further, biofilm forming ability of selected P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae was confirmed by tissue culture plate and tube methods. Finally, molecular identification of P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae was named as P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae. Our result was conclude, selected P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae as biofilm producing pathogens and also highly resistant to current antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajivgandhi Govindan Nadar
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Govindan Ramachandran
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natesan Manoharan
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Siddiqi Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, 327 Jungang Road, Gyeonggi-do 17579, South Korea
| | - Naiyf S Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Alobaidi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
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27
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Abstract
Microbes are hardly seen as planktonic species and are most commonly found as biofilm communities in cases of chronic infections. Biofilms are regarded as a biological condition, where a large group of microorganisms gets adhered to a biotic or abiotic surface. In this context, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative nosocomial pathogen is the main causative organism responsible for life-threatening and persistent infections in individuals affected with cystic fibrosis and other lung ailments. The bacteria can form a strong biofilm structure when it adheres to a surface suitable for the development of a biofilm matrix. These bacterial biofilms pose higher natural resistance to conventional antibiotic therapy due to their multiple tolerance mechanisms. This prevailing condition has led to an increasing rate of treatment failures associated with P. aeruginosa biofilm infections. A better understanding of the effect of a diverse group of antibiotics on established biofilms would be necessary to avoid inappropriate treatment strategies. Hence, the search for other alternative strategies as effective biofilm treatment options has become a growing area of research. The current review aims to give an overview of the mechanisms governing biofilm formation and the different strategies employed so far in the control of biofilm infections caused by P. aeruginosa. Moreover, this review can also help researchers to search for new antibiofilm agents to tackle the effect of biofilm infections that are currently imprudent to conventional antibiotics.
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28
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Ahmed SO, Zedan HH, Ibrahim YM. Quorum sensing inhibitory effect of bergamot oil and aspidosperma extract against Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4663-4675. [PMID: 34175964 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) represents a major target for reducing bacterial pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance. This study identifies bergamot and aspidosperma as new potential sources of anti-QS agents. We investigated the anti-QS activity of plant materials on both Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Initially, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of plant materials using a broth microdilution method. Subsequently, we tested the effect of sub-MIC concentrations on QS-regulated traits and virulence factors production in test bacteria. Results revealed that bergamot and aspidosperma inhibited the ability of C. violaceum to produce violacein. Other QS-controlled phenotypes of C. violaceum, namely chitinolytic activity, motility, and biofilm formation, were also reduced by both plant materials. Moreover, QS-linked traits of P. aeruginosa were also reduced. Bergamot inhibited swarming but not swimming motility, while aspidosperma diminished both motility types in P. aeruginosa. Both plant materials also demonstrated antibiofilm activity and inhibited the production of protease and pyocyanin in P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, we tested the anti-QS effect of plant materials on the transcriptional level using RT-qPCR. Bergamot dramatically downregulated the C. violaceum autoinducer synthase gene cviI and the vioB gene involved in violacein biosynthesis, confirming the phenotypic observation on its anti-QS activity. Aspidosperma also reduced the expression of cviI and vioB but less drastically than bergamot. In P. aeruginosa, downregulation in the transcripts of the QS genes lasI, lasR, rhlI, and rhlR was also achieved by bergamot and aspidosperma. Therefore, data in the present study suggest the usefulness of bergamot and aspidosperma as sources of antivirulence agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Omar Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, General Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Formerly National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, 12611, Egypt
| | - Hamdallah Hafez Zedan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasser Musa Ibrahim
- Department of Microbiology, General Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Formerly National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, 12611, Egypt.
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29
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Motlhatlego KE, Abdalla MA, Leonard CM, Eloff JN, McGaw LJ. Inhibitory effect of Newtonia extracts and myricetin-3-o-rhamnoside (myricitrin) on bacterial biofilm formation. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:358. [PMID: 33228634 PMCID: PMC7684876 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03139-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhoea is a major health issue in both humans and animals and may be caused by bacterial, viral and fungal infections. Previous studies highlighted excellent activity of Newtonia buchananii and N. hildebrandtii leaf extracts against bacterial and fungal organisms related to diarrhoea-causing pathogens. The aim of this study was to isolate the compound(s) responsible for antimicrobial activity and to investigate efficacy of the extracts and purified compound against bacterial biofilms. METHODS The acetone extract of N. buchananii leaf powder was separated by solvent-solvent partitioning into eight fractions, followed by bioassay-guided fractionation for isolation of antimicrobial compounds. Antibacterial activity testing was performed using a broth microdilution assay. The cytotoxicity was evaluated against Vero cells using a colorimetric MTT assay. A crystal violet method was employed to test the inhibitory effect of acetone, methanol: dichloromethane and water (cold and hot) extracts of N. buchananii and N. hildebrandtii leaves and the purified compound on biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. RESULTS Myricetin-3-o-rhamnoside (myricitrin) was isolated for the first time from N. buchananii. Myricitrin was active against B. cereus, E. coli and S. aureus (MIC = 62.5 μg/ml in all cases). Additionally, myricitrin had relatively low cytotoxicity with IC50 = 104 μg/ml. Extracts of both plant species had stronger biofilm inhibitory activity against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria. The most sensitive bacterial strains were E. faecalis and S. aureus. The cold and hot water leaf extracts of N. buchananii had antibacterial activity and were relatively non-cytotoxic with selectivity index values of 1.98-11.44. CONCLUSIONS The purified compound, myricitrin, contributed to the activity of N. buchananii but it is likely that synergistic effects play a role in the antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy of the plant extract. The cold and hot water leaf extracts of N. buchananii may be developed as potential antibacterial and antibiofilm agents in the natural treatment of gastrointestinal disorders including diarrhoea in both human and veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katlego E Motlhatlego
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.,Current address: Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Muna Ali Abdalla
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa. .,Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan.
| | - Carmen M Leonard
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Jacobus N Eloff
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
| | - Lyndy J McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
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