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Shao B, Shimizu-Albergine M, Kramer F, Kanter JE, Heinecke JW, Vaisar T, Mittendorfer B, Patterson BW, Bornfeldt KE. A targeted proteomics method for quantifying plasma apolipoprotein kinetics in individual mice using stable isotope labeling. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100531. [PMID: 38490635 PMCID: PMC11002879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Altered apolipoprotein kinetics play a critical role in promoting dyslipidemia and atherogenesis. Human apolipoprotein kinetics have been extensively evaluated, but similar studies in mice are hampered by the lack of robust methods suitable for the small amounts of blood that can be collected at sequential time points from individual mice. We describe a targeted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneously quantifying the stable isotope enrichment of several apolipoproteins represented by multiple peptides in serial blood samples (15 μl each) obtained after retro-orbital injection of 13C6,15N2-lysine (Lys8) in mice. We determined apolipoprotein fractional clearance rates (FCRs) and production rates (PRs) in WT mice and in two genetic models widely used for atherosclerosis research, LDL receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-) and apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe-/-) mice. Injection of Lys8 produced a unique and readily detectable mass shift of labeled compared with unlabeled peptides with sensitivity allowing robust kinetics analyses. Ldlr-/- mice showed slower FCRs of APOA1, APOA4, total APOB, APOB100, APOCs, APOE and APOM, while FCRs of APOA1, APOB100, APOC2, APOC3, and APOM were not lower in Apoe-/- mice versus WT mice. APOE PR was increased in Ldlr-/- mice, and APOB100 and APOA4 PRs were reduced in Apoe-/- mice. Thus, our method reproducibly quantifies plasma apolipoprotein kinetics in different mouse models. The method can easily be expanded to include a wide range of proteins in the same biospecimen and should be useful for determining the kinetics of apolipoproteins in animal models of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohai Shao
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Masami Shimizu-Albergine
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Farah Kramer
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jenny E Kanter
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jay W Heinecke
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tomas Vaisar
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bettina Mittendorfer
- Division of Nutritional Science and Obesity Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA; Departments of Medicine and Nutrition & Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Bruce W Patterson
- Division of Nutritional Science and Obesity Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Karin E Bornfeldt
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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2
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Banfi C, Gugliandolo P, Paolillo S, Mallia A, Gianazza E, Agostoni P. The alveolar-capillary unit in the physiopathological conditions of heart failure: identification of a potential marker. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:ii2-ii8. [PMID: 37819226 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we describe the structure and function of the alveolar-capillary membrane and the identification of a novel potential marker of its integrity in the context of heart failure (HF). The alveolar-capillary membrane is indeed a crucial structure for the maintenance of the lung parenchyma gas exchange capacity, and the occurrence of pathological conditions determining lung fluids accumulation, such as HF, might significantly impair lung diffusion capacity altering the alveolar-capillary membrane protective functions. In the years, we found that the presence of immature forms of the surfactant protein-type B (proSP-B) in the circulation reflects alterations in the alveolar-capillary membrane integrity. We discussed our main achievements showing that proSP-B, due to its chemical properties, specifically binds to high-density lipoprotein, impairing their antioxidant activity, and likely contributing to the progression of the disease. Further, we found that immature proSP-B, not the mature protein, is related to lung abnormalities, more precisely than the lung function parameters. Thus, to the list of the potential proposed markers of HF, we add proSP-B, which represents a precise marker of alveolar-capillary membrane dysfunction in HF, correlates with prognosis, and represents a precocious marker of drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Banfi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Network Analysis, IRCCS, via Parea, 4, Milan 20138, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Paolillo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Alice Mallia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Lazzaro Spallanzani', University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Network Analysis, IRCCS, via Parea, 4, Milan 20138, Italy
| | - Erica Gianazza
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Network Analysis, IRCCS, via Parea, 4, Milan 20138, Italy
| | - Piergiuseppe Agostoni
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan 20138, Italy
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
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Souza Junior DR, Silva ARM, Ronsein GE. Strategies for consistent and automated quantification of HDL proteome using data-independent acquisition (DIA). J Lipid Res 2023:100397. [PMID: 37286042 PMCID: PMC10339053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of mass spectrometry-based proteomics has revolutionized HDL field, with the description, characterization and implication of HDL-associated proteins in an array of pathologies. However, acquiring robust, reproducible data is still a challenge in the quantitative assessment of HDL proteome. Data-independent acquisition (DIA) is a mass spectrometry methodology that allows the acquisition of reproducible data, but data analysis remains a challenge in the field. Up to date, there is no consensus in how to process DIA-derived data for HDL proteomics. Here, we developed a pipeline aiming to standardize HDL proteome quantification. We optimized instrument parameters, and compared the performance of four freely available, user-friendly software tools (DIA-NN, EncyclopeDIA, MaxDIA and Skyline) in processing DIA data. Importantly, pooled samples were used as quality controls throughout our experimental setup. A carefully evaluation of precision, linearity, and detection limits, first using E. coli background for HDL proteomics, and second using HDL proteome and synthetic peptides, was undertaken. Finally, as a proof of concept, we employed our optimized and automated pipeline to quantify the proteome of HDL and apolipoprotein B (APOB)-containing lipoproteins. Our results show that determination of precision is key to confidently and consistently quantify HDL proteins. Taking this precaution, any of the available software tested here would be appropriate for quantification of HDL proteome, although their performance varied considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Graziella Eliza Ronsein
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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4
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Hsu CC, Shao B, Kanter JE, He Y, Vaisar T, Witztum JL, Snell-Bergeon J, McInnes G, Bruse S, Gottesman O, Mullick AE, Bornfeldt KE. Apolipoprotein C3 induces inflammasome activation only in its delipidated form. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:408-411. [PMID: 36781985 PMCID: PMC9992333 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01423-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Matters arising regarding the lipidation form of plasma APOC3 that induces an alternative NLRP3 activation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Hsu
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Baohai Shao
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jenny E Kanter
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yi He
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tomas Vaisar
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joseph L Witztum
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Janet Snell-Bergeon
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Karin E Bornfeldt
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Bornfeldt KE. The Remnant Lipoprotein Hypothesis of Diabetes-Associated Cardiovascular Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:819-830. [PMID: 35616031 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Research based on human-first or bedside-to-bench approaches has provided new insights into likely mechanisms behind this increased risk. Although both forms of diabetes are associated with hyperglycemia, it is becoming increasingly clear that altered lipoprotein metabolism also plays a critical role in predicting CVD risk in people with diabetes. This review examines recent findings indicating that increased levels of circulating remnant lipoproteins could be a missing link between diabetes and CVD. Although CVD risk associated with diabetes is clearly multifactorial in nature, these findings suggest that we should increase efforts in evaluating whether remnant lipoproteins or the proteins that govern their metabolism are biomarkers of incident CVD in people living with diabetes and whether reducing remnant lipoproteins will prevent the increased CVD risk associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin E Bornfeldt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, Seattle
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Frey K, von Eckardstein A. HDL, heart disease, and the lung. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100217. [PMID: 35487261 PMCID: PMC9131245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Frey
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Raemistrasse 100, CH 8091 ZURICH , Switzerland
| | - Arnold von Eckardstein
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Raemistrasse 100, CH 8091 ZURICH , Switzerland,.
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