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Lu X, Jiang L, Chen L, Ding W, Wu H, Ma Z. Establishment and evaluation of targeted molecular screening model for the ryanodine receptor or sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:3369-3378. [PMID: 38391097 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Endoplasmic reticulum/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) is crucial for maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis due to the calcium-signaling-related proteins on its membrane. While ryanodine receptors (RyR) on insect ER/SR membranes are well-known as targets for diamide insecticides, little is known about other calcium channels. Given the resistance of diamide insecticides, the establishment of molecular screening models targeting RyR or sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) is conducive to the discovery of new insecticidal molecules. RESULTS The morphological features of Mythimna separata SR have closed vesicles with integrity and high density. The 282 proteins in the SR component contained RyR and SERCA. A measurement model for the release and uptake of calcium was successfully established by detecting calcium ions outside the SR membrane using a fluorescence spectrophotometer. In vitro testing systems using SR vesicles found that diamide insecticides could activate dose-dependently RyR, with EC50 values of 0.14 μM (Chlorantraniliprole), 0.21 μM (Flubendiamide), and 0.57 μM (Cyantraniliprole), respectively. However, dantrolene inhibited RyR-mediated calcium release with an IC50 value of 353.9 μM, suggesting that dantrolene can weakly antagonize RyR. Moreover, cyclopiazonic acid significantly reduced the enzyme activity and calcium uptake capacity of SERCA. On the contrary, CDN1163 markedly activated the enzyme activity and improved the calcium transport capacity of SERCA. CONCLUSIONS SR vesicles can be used to study the function of unknown proteins on the SR membranes, as well as for high-throughput screening of highly active compounds targeting RyR or SERCA. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wenwei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhiqing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
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Alghalayini A, Hossain KR, Moghaddasi S, Turkewitz DR, D’Amario C, Wallach M, Valenzuela SM. In Vitro Enzymatic Studies Reveal pH and Temperature Sensitive Properties of the CLIC Proteins. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1394. [PMID: 37759794 PMCID: PMC10526857 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chloride intracellular ion channel (CLIC) proteins exist as both soluble and integral membrane proteins, with CLIC1 capable of shifting between two distinct structural conformations. New evidence has emerged indicating that members of the CLIC family act as moonlighting proteins, referring to the ability of a single protein to carry out multiple functions. In addition to their ion channel activity, CLIC family members possess oxidoreductase enzymatic activity and share significant structural and sequence homology, along with varying overlaps in their tissue distribution and cellular localization. In this study, the 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide (HEDS) assay system was used to characterize kinetic properties, as well as the temperature and pH profiles of three CLIC protein family members (CLIC1, CLIC3, CLIC4). We also assessed the effects of the drugs rapamycin and amphotericin B, on the three CLIC proteins' enzymatic activity in the HEDS assay. Our results demonstrate CLIC1 to be highly heat-sensitive, with optimal enzymatic activity observed at neutral pH7 and at a temperature of 37 °C, while CLIC3 had higher oxidoreductase activity in more acidic pH5 and was found to be relatively heat stable. CLIC4, like CLIC1, was temperature sensitive with optimal enzymatic activity observed at 37 °C; however, it showed optimal activity in more alkaline conditions of pH8. Our current study demonstrates individual differences in the enzymatic activity between the three CLIC proteins, suggesting each CLIC protein is likely regulated in discrete ways, involving changes in the subcellular milieu and microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Alghalayini
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (A.A.); (K.R.H.); (S.M.); (D.R.T.); (C.D.); (M.W.)
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Khondker Rufaka Hossain
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (A.A.); (K.R.H.); (S.M.); (D.R.T.); (C.D.); (M.W.)
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Saba Moghaddasi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (A.A.); (K.R.H.); (S.M.); (D.R.T.); (C.D.); (M.W.)
| | - Daniel R. Turkewitz
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (A.A.); (K.R.H.); (S.M.); (D.R.T.); (C.D.); (M.W.)
| | - Claudia D’Amario
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (A.A.); (K.R.H.); (S.M.); (D.R.T.); (C.D.); (M.W.)
| | - Michael Wallach
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (A.A.); (K.R.H.); (S.M.); (D.R.T.); (C.D.); (M.W.)
| | - Stella M. Valenzuela
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (A.A.); (K.R.H.); (S.M.); (D.R.T.); (C.D.); (M.W.)
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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3
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Ponnalagu D, Hamilton S, Sanghvi S, Antelo D, Schwieterman N, Hansra I, Xu X, Gao E, Edwards JC, Bansal SS, Wold LE, Terentyev D, Janssen PML, Hund TJ, Khan M, Kohut AR, Koch WJ, Singh H. CLIC4 localizes to mitochondrial-associated membranes and mediates cardioprotection. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo1244. [PMID: 36269835 PMCID: PMC9586484 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial-associated membranes (MAMs) are known to modulate organellar and cellular functions and can subsequently affect pathophysiology including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Thus, identifying molecular targets in MAMs that regulate the outcome of IR injury will hold a key to efficient therapeutics. Here, we found chloride intracellular channel protein (CLIC4) presence in MAMs of cardiomyocytes and demonstrate its role in modulating ER and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions. In a murine model, loss of CLIC4 increased myocardial infarction and substantially reduced cardiac function after IR injury. CLIC4 null cardiomyocytes showed increased apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction upon hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in comparison to wild-type cardiomyocytes. Overall, our results indicate that MAM-CLIC4 is a key mediator of cellular response to IR injury and therefore may have a potential implication on other pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devasena Ponnalagu
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shanna Hamilton
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shridhar Sanghvi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Diego Antelo
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Neill Schwieterman
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Inderjot Hansra
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xianyao Xu
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Internal Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John C. Edwards
- Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shyam S. Bansal
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Loren E. Wold
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Paul M. L. Janssen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas J. Hund
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Internal Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mahmood Khan
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrew R. Kohut
- Penn Heart and Vascular Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Walter J. Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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4
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Ozaki S, Mikami K, Kunieda T, Tanaka J. Chloride Intracellular Channel Proteins (CLICs) and Malignant Tumor Progression: A Focus on the Preventive Role of CLIC2 in Invasion and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194890. [PMID: 36230813 PMCID: PMC9562003 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although chloride intracellular channel proteins (CLICs) have been identified as ion channel proteins, their true functions are still elusive. Recent in silico analyses show that CLICs may be prognostic markers in cancer. This review focuses on CLIC2 that plays preventive roles in malignant cell invasion and metastasis. CLIC2 is secreted extracellularly and binds to matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14), while inhibiting its activity. As a result, CLIC2 may contribute to the development/maintenance of junctions between blood vessel endothelial cells and the inhibition of invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. CLIC2 may be a novel therapeutic target for malignancies. Abstract CLICs are the dimorphic protein present in both soluble and membrane fractions. As an integral membrane protein, CLICs potentially possess ion channel activity. However, it is not fully clarified what kinds of roles CLICs play in physiological and pathological conditions. In vertebrates, CLICs are classified into six classes: CLIC1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Recently, in silico analyses have revealed that the expression level of CLICs may have prognostic significance in cancer. In this review, we focus on CLIC2, which has received less attention than other CLICs, and discuss its role in the metastasis and invasion of malignant tumor cells. CLIC2 is expressed at higher levels in benign tumors than in malignant ones, most likely preventing tumor cell invasion into surrounding tissues. CLIC2 is also expressed in the vascular endothelial cells of normal tissues and maintains their intercellular adhesive junctions, presumably suppressing the hematogenous metastasis of malignant tumor cells. Surprisingly, CLIC2 is localized in secretory granules and secreted into the extracellular milieu. Secreted CLIC2 binds to MMP14 and inhibits its activity, leading to suppressed MMP2 activity. CLIC4, on the other hand, promotes MMP14 activity. These findings challenge the assumption that CLICs are ion channels, implying that they could be potential new targets for the treatment of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saya Ozaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon 791-0295, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita 564-8565, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.O.); (J.T.)
| | - Kanta Mikami
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon 791-0295, Japan
| | - Takeharu Kunieda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon 791-0295, Japan
| | - Junya Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon 791-0295, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.O.); (J.T.)
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Ferreira JJ, Pequera G, Launikonis BS, Ríos E, Brum G. A chloride channel blocker prevents the suppression by inorganic phosphate of the cytosolic calcium signals that control muscle contraction. J Physiol 2020; 599:157-170. [PMID: 32991741 DOI: 10.1113/jp279917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Accumulation of inorganic phosphate (Pi ) may contribute to muscle fatigue by precipitating calcium salts inside the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Neither direct demonstration of this process nor definition of the entry pathway of Pi into SR are fully established. We showed that Pi promoted Ca2+ release at concentrations below 10 mm and decreased it at higher concentrations. This decrease correlated well with that of [Ca2+ ]SR . Pre-treatment of permeabilized myofibres with 2 mm Cl- channel blocker 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (9AC) inhibited both effects of Pi . The biphasic dependence of Ca2+ release on [Pi ] is explained by a direct effect of Pi acting on the SR Ca2+ release channel, combined with the intra-SR precipitation of Ca2+ salts. The effects of 9AC demonstrate that Pi enters the SR via a Cl- pathway of an as-yet-undefined molecular nature. ABSTRACT Fatiguing exercise causes hydrolysis of phosphocreatine, increasing the intracellular concentration of inorganic phosphate (Pi ). Pi diffuses into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) where it is believed to form insoluble Ca2+ salts, thus contributing to the impairment of Ca2+ release. Information on the Pi entrance pathway is still lacking. In amphibian muscles endowed with isoform 3 of the RyR channel, Ca2+ spark frequency is correlated with the Ca2+ load of the SR and can be used to monitor this variable. We studied the effects of Pi on Ca2+ sparks in permeabilized fibres of the frog. Relative event frequency (f/fref ) rose with increasing [Pi ], reaching 2.54 ± 1.6 at 5 mm, and then decreased monotonically, reaching 0.09 ± 0.03 at [Pi ] = 80 mm. Measurement of [Ca2+ ]SR confirmed a decrease correlated with spark frequency at high [Pi ]. A large [Ca2+ ]SR surge was observed upon Pi removal. Anion channels are a putative path for Pi into the SR. We tested the effect of the chloride channel blocker 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (9AC) on Pi entrance. 9AC (400 µm) applied to the cytoplasm produced a non-significant increase in spark frequency and reduced the Pi effects on this parameter. Fibre treatment with 2 mm 9AC in the presence of high cytoplasmic Mg2+ suppressed the effects of Pi on [Ca2+ ]SR and spark frequency up to 55 mm [Pi ]. These results suggest that chloride channels (or transporters) provide the main pathway of inorganic phosphate into the SR and confirm that Pi impairs Ca2+ release by accumulating and precipitating with Ca2+ inside the SR, thus contributing to myogenic fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Ferreira
- Laboratorio de Biofísica del Músculo, Departamento de Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Germán Pequera
- Laboratorio de Biofísica del Músculo, Departamento de Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Bradley S Launikonis
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eduardo Ríos
- Section of Cellular Signaling, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gustavo Brum
- Laboratorio de Biofísica del Músculo, Departamento de Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Montevideo, Uruguay
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6
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Xu T, Wang Z, Dong M, Wu D, Liao S, Li X. Chloride intracellular channel protein 2: prognostic marker and correlation with PD-1/PD-L1 in breast cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:17305-17327. [PMID: 32915772 PMCID: PMC7521498 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibition has emerged as an effective treatment for multiple solid tumors, including advanced-stage breast cancer (BC). During the past decade, the US Food and Drug Administration has approved a number of agents for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). However, the limited data on monotherapy anti-tumor activity in BC underscores the need for robust predictive biomarker development. Here, we used weighted gene coexpression network analysis of genes differentially expressed between BC and normal tissue to identify genes coexpressed with programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1). Tumor Immune Estimation Resource and Gene Expression Profiling Interaction Analysis were used to assess the relationship between gene expression and the abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). We found that chloride intracellular channel protein 2 (CLIC2) was not only coexpressed with PD-1 and PD-L1, but its increased expression was associated with a favorable prognosis and enrichment of multiple TIL types, particularly CD8+ T cells. These results suggest that CLIC2 is a potentially useful biomarker for identifying BC patients who could benefit from ICB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HUST, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People’s Republic of China,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HUST, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HUST, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Menglu Dong
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HUST, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HUST, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shujie Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HUST, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingrui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HUST, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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Nartey MN, Peña-Castillo L, LeGrow M, Doré J, Bhattacharya S, Darby-King A, Carew SJ, Yuan Q, Harley CW, McLean JH. Learning-induced mRNA alterations in olfactory bulb mitral cells in neonatal rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:209-221. [PMID: 32295841 PMCID: PMC7164515 DOI: 10.1101/lm.051177.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the olfactory bulb, a cAMP/PKA/CREB-dependent form of learning occurs in the first week of life that provides a unique mammalian model for defining the epigenetic role of this evolutionarily ancient plasticity cascade. Odor preference learning in the week-old rat pup is rapidly induced by a 10-min pairing of odor and stroking. Memory is demonstrable at 24 h, but not 48 h, posttraining. Using this paradigm, pups that showed peppermint preference 30 min posttraining were sacrificed 20 min later for laser microdissection of odor-encoding mitral cells. Controls were given odor only. Microarray analysis revealed that 13 nonprotein-coding mRNAs linked to mRNA translation and splicing and 11 protein-coding mRNAs linked to transcription differed with odor preference training. MicroRNA23b, a translation inhibitor of multiple plasticity-related mRNAs, was down-regulated. Protein-coding transcription was up-regulated for Sec23b, Clic2, Rpp14, Dcbld1, Magee2, Mstn, Fam229b, RGD1566265, and Mgst2. Gng12 and Srcg1 mRNAs were down-regulated. Increases in Sec23b, Clic2, and Dcbld1 proteins were confirmed in mitral cells in situ at the same time point following training. The protein-coding changes are consistent with extracellular matrix remodeling and ryanodine receptor involvement in odor preference learning. A role for CREB and AP1 as triggers of memory-related mRNA regulation is supported. The small number of gene changes identified in the mitral cell input/output link for 24 h memory will facilitate investigation of the nature, and reversibility, of changes supporting temporally restricted long-term memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaelina N Nartey
- Divison of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B3V6, Canada
| | - Lourdes Peña-Castillo
- Department of Computer Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B3X5, Canada
| | - Megan LeGrow
- Divison of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B3V6, Canada
| | - Jules Doré
- Divison of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B3V6, Canada
| | - Sriya Bhattacharya
- Divison of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B3V6, Canada
| | - Andrea Darby-King
- Divison of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B3V6, Canada
| | - Samantha J Carew
- Divison of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B3V6, Canada
| | - Qi Yuan
- Divison of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B3V6, Canada
| | - Carolyn W Harley
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B3X9, Canada
| | - John H McLean
- Divison of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B3V6, Canada
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8
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Wang T, Zhang L, Shi C, Wei R, Yin C. Interaction of the Homer1 EVH1 domain and skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:720-725. [PMID: 31078268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RyR1) proteins are intracellular calcium (Ca2+) release channels on the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and required for skeletal muscle excitation-contraction coupling. Homer (Vesl) is a family of scaffolding proteins that modulate target proteins including RyRs (ryanodine receptors), mGluRs (group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors) and IP3Rs (inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors) through a conserved EVH1 (Ena/VASP homology 1) domain. Here, we examined the interaction between Homer1 EVH1 domain and RyR1 by co-immunoprecipitation, continuous sucrose density-gradient centrifugation, and bio-layer interferometry binding assay at different Ca2+ concentrations. Our results show that there exists a high-affinity binding between the Homer1 EVH1 domain and RyR1, especially at 1 mM of Ca2+. Based on our data and the known structures of Homer1 EVH1 domain and RyR1, we found two consensus proline-rich sequences in the structure of RyR1, PPHHF and FLPPP, and proposed two corresponding binding models to show mechanisms of recognition different from those used by other proline-rich motifs. The side proline residues of two proline-rich motifs from RyR1 are away from the hydrophobic surface of Homer1 EVH1, rather than buried in this hydrophobic surface. Our results provide evidence that Homer1 regulates RyR1 by direct interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- Department of Biophysics, The Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Biophysics, The Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Electron Microscopy Analysis Laboratory, The Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Chao Shi
- Department of Biophysics, The Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Risheng Wei
- Department of Biophysics, The Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Changcheng Yin
- Department of Biophysics, The Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Electron Microscopy Analysis Laboratory, The Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Center for Protein Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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9
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Ueno Y, Ozaki S, Umakoshi A, Yano H, Choudhury ME, Abe N, Sumida Y, Kuwabara J, Uchida R, Islam A, Ogawa K, Ishimaru K, Yorozuya T, Kunieda T, Watanabe Y, Takada Y, Tanaka J. Chloride intracellular channel protein 2 in cancer and non-cancer human tissues: relationship with tight junctions. Tissue Barriers 2019; 7:1593775. [PMID: 30929599 PMCID: PMC6592591 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2019.1593775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channel protein 2 (CLIC2) belongs to the CLIC family of conserved metazoan proteins. Although CLICs have been identified as chloride channels, they are currently considered multifunctional proteins. CLIC2 is the least studied family member. We investigated CLIC2 expression and localization in human hepatocellular carcinoma, metastatic colorectal cancer in the liver, and colorectal cancer. Significant expression of mRNAs encoding CLIC1, 2, 4, and 5 were found in the human tissues, but only CLIC2 was predominantly expressed in non-cancer tissues surrounding cancer masses. Fibrotic or dysfunctional (aspartate aminotransferase ≥40) non-cancer liver tissues and advanced stage HCC tissues expressed low levels of CLIC2. Endothelial cells lining blood vessels but not lymphatic vessels in non-cancer tissues expressed CLIC2 as well as high levels of the tight junction proteins claudins 1 and 5, occludin, and ZO-1. Most endothelial cells in blood vessels in cancer tissues had very low expressions of CLIC2 and tight junction proteins. CD31+/CD45− endothelial cells isolated from non-cancer tissues expressed mRNAs encoding CLIC2, claudin 1, occludin and ZO-1, while similar cell fractions from cancer tissues had very low expressions of these molecules. Knockdown of CLIC2 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) allowed human cancer cells to transmigrate through a HUVEC monolayer. These results suggest that CLIC2 may be involved in the formation and/or maintenance of tight junctions and that cancer tissue vasculature lacks CLIC2 and tight junctions, which allows the intravasation of cancer cells necessary for hematogenous metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitomo Ueno
- a Department of Hepato-biliary Pancreatic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Saya Ozaki
- b Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Akihiro Umakoshi
- c Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Hajime Yano
- c Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Mohammed E Choudhury
- c Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Naoki Abe
- d Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Yutaro Sumida
- c Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Jun Kuwabara
- e Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Rina Uchida
- c Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Afsana Islam
- c Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Kohei Ogawa
- a Department of Hepato-biliary Pancreatic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Kei Ishimaru
- e Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Toshihiro Yorozuya
- d Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Takeharu Kunieda
- b Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Yuji Watanabe
- e Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Yasutsugu Takada
- a Department of Hepato-biliary Pancreatic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
| | - Junya Tanaka
- c Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime University , Toon , Ehime , Japan
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10
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Chen J, Xue L, Wei R, Liu S, Yin CC. The insecticide chlorantraniliprole is a weak activator of mammalian skeletal ryanodine receptor/Ca2+ release channel. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 508:633-639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Gururaja Rao S, Ponnalagu D, Patel NJ, Singh H. Three Decades of Chloride Intracellular Channel Proteins: From Organelle to Organ Physiology. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 80:11.21.1-11.21.17. [PMID: 30040212 PMCID: PMC6060641 DOI: 10.1002/cpph.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular organelles are membranous structures central for maintaining cellular physiology and the overall health of the cell. To maintain cellular function, intracellular organelles are required to tightly regulate their ionic homeostasis. Any imbalance in ionic concentrations can disrupt energy production (mitochondria), protein degradation (lysosomes), DNA replication (nucleus), or cellular signaling (endoplasmic reticulum). Ionic homeostasis is also important for volume regulation of intracellular organelles and is maintained by cation and anion channels as well as transporters. One of the major classes of ion channels predominantly localized to intracellular membranes is chloride intracellular channel proteins (CLICs). They are non-canonical ion channels with six homologs in mammals, existing as either soluble or integral membrane protein forms, with dual functions as enzymes and channels. Provided in this overview is a brief introduction to CLICs, and a summary of recent information on their localization, biophysical properties, and physiological roles. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubha Gururaja Rao
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Devasena Ponnalagu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Neel J Patel
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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12
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Zeng J, Li Z, Lui EY, Lam SH, Swaminathan K. Tilapia and human CLIC2 structures are highly conserved. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:1752-1757. [PMID: 29198705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channels (CLICs) exist in soluble and membrane bound forms. We have determined the crystal structure of soluble Clic2 from the euryhaline teleost fish Oreochromis mossambicus. Structural comparison of tilapia and human CLIC2 with other CLICs shows that these proteins are highly conserved. We have also compared the expression levels of clic2 in selected osmoregulatory organs of tilapia, acclimated to freshwater, seawater and hypersaline water. Structural conservation of vertebrate CLICs implies that they might play conserved roles. Also, tissue-specific responsiveness of clic2 suggests that it might be involved in iono-osmoregulation under extreme conditions in tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhengjun Li
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Eei Yin Lui
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Siew Hong Lam
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore 117543, Singapore; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore 117411, Singapore
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Richardson SJ, Steele GA, Gallant EM, Lam A, Schwartz CE, Board PG, Casarotto MG, Beard NA, Dulhunty AF. Association of FK506 binding proteins with RyR channels - effect of CLIC2 binding on sub-conductance opening and FKBP binding. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:3588-3600. [PMID: 28851804 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.204461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ryanodine receptor (RyR) Ca2+ channels are central to striated muscle function and influence signalling in neurons and other cell types. Beneficially low RyR activity and maximum conductance opening may be stabilised when RyRs bind to FK506 binding proteins (FKBPs) and destabilised by FKBP dissociation, with submaximal opening during RyR hyperactivity associated with myopathies and neurological disorders. However, the correlation with submaximal opening is debated and quantitative evidence is lacking. Here, we have measured altered FKBP binding to RyRs and submaximal activity with addition of wild-type (WT) CLIC2, an inhibitory RyR ligand, or its H101Q mutant that hyperactivates RyRs, which probably causes cardiac and intellectual abnormalities. The proportion of sub-conductance opening increases with WT and H101Q CLIC2 and is correlated with reduced FKBP-RyR association. The sub-conductance opening reduces RyR currents in the presence of WT CLIC2. In contrast, sub-conductance openings contribute to excess RyR 'leak' with H101Q CLIC2. There are significant FKBP and RyR isoform-specific actions of CLIC2, rapamycin and FK506 on FKBP-RyR association. The results show that FKBPs do influence RyR gating and would contribute to excess Ca2+ release in this CLIC2 RyR channelopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer J Richardson
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, PO Box 334, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Gregory A Steele
- Capital Pathology Laboratory, 70 Kent St, Deakin, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Esther M Gallant
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, PO Box 334, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Alexander Lam
- Neurosurgery, Royal Perth Hospital, 197 Wellington St, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Charles E Schwartz
- JC Self Research Institute, Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA
| | - Philip G Board
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, PO Box 334, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Marco G Casarotto
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, PO Box 334, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Nicole A Beard
- Cardiac Physiology Department, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Education Science and Mathematics, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Angela F Dulhunty
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, PO Box 334, ACT 2601, Australia
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Dulhunty AF, Board PG, Beard NA, Casarotto MG. Physiology and Pharmacology of Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channels. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 79:287-324. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Samsó M. A guide to the 3D structure of the ryanodine receptor type 1 by cryoEM. Protein Sci 2016; 26:52-68. [PMID: 27671094 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Signal transduction by the ryanodine receptor (RyR) is essential in many excitable cells including all striated contractile cells and some types of neurons. While its transmembrane domain is a classic tetrameric, six-transmembrane cation channel, the cytoplasmic domain is uniquely large and complex, hosting a multiplicity of specialized domains. The overall outline and substructure readily recognizable by electron microscopy make RyR a geometrically well-behaved specimen. Hence, for the last two decades, the 3D structural study of the RyR has tracked closely the technological advances in electron microscopy, cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM), and computerized 3D reconstruction. This review summarizes the progress in the structural determination of RyR by cryoEM and, bearing in mind the leap in resolution provided by the recent implementation of direct electron detection, analyzes the first near-atomic structures of RyR. These reveal a complex orchestration of domains controlling the channel's function, and help to understand how this could break down as a consequence of disease-causing mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Samsó
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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16
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Chigaev A. Does aberrant membrane transport contribute to poor outcome in adult acute myeloid leukemia? Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:134. [PMID: 26191006 PMCID: PMC4489100 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia in adults is a highly heterogeneous disease. Gene expression profiling performed using unsupervised algorithms can be used to distinguish specific groups of patients within a large patient cohort. The identified gene expression signatures can offer insights into underlying physiological mechanisms of disease pathogenesis. Here, the analysis of several related gene expression clusters associated with poor outcome, worst overall survival and highest rates of resistant disease and obtained from the patients at the time of diagnosis or from previously untreated individuals is presented. Surprisingly, these gene clusters appear to be enriched for genes corresponding to proteins involved in transport across membranes (transporters, carriers and channels). Several ideas describing the possible relationship of membrane transport activity and leukemic cell biology, including the "Warburg effect," the specific role of chloride ion transport, direct "import" of metabolic energy through uptake of creatine phosphate, and modification of the bone marrow niche microenvironment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Chigaev
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, USA
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El-Hattab AW, Schaaf CP, Fang P, Roeder E, Kimonis VE, Church JA, Patel A, Cheung SW. Clinical characterization of int22h1/int22h2-mediated Xq28 duplication/deletion: new cases and literature review. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2015; 16:12. [PMID: 25927380 PMCID: PMC4422130 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-015-0157-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Int22h1/int22h2-mediated Xq28 duplication syndrome is caused by ~0.5 Mb chromosomal duplications mediated by nonallelic homologous recombination between intron 22 homologous region 1 (int22h1) and 2 (int22h2), which, in addition to int22h3, are also responsible for inversions disrupting the F8 gene in hemophilia A. This syndrome has recently been described in 9 males with cognitive impairment, behavioral problems, and distinctive facial features; and 6 females with milder phenotypes. The reciprocal deletion was previously reported in a mother and daughter. It was suggested that this deletion may not have phenotypic effects in females because of skewed chromosome X inactivation, but may be embryonic lethal in males. Methods Array comparative genomic hybridization analyses were performed using oligonucleotide-based chromosomal microarray. Chromosome X inactivation studies were performed at the AR (androgen receptor) and FMR1 (fragile X mental retardation 1) loci. Results We present here 5 males and 6 females with int22h1/int22h2-mediated Xq28 duplication syndrome. The males manifested cognitive impairment, behavioral problems, and distinctive facial features. Two of the six females manifested mild cognitive impairment. This duplication was maternally inherited, and skewed chromosome X inactivation was observed in the majority of females carrying the duplication. We also report the reciprocal deletion in a mother and daughter with overweight, but normal cognition. In addition, we present the first case of a prenatally diagnosed de novo int22h1/int22h2-mediated deletion in a healthy female infant. We reviewed individuals previously reported with similar or overlapping rearrangements and evaluated the potential roles of genes in the rearrangement region. Conclusions The similarity of clinical features among individuals with the int22h1/int22h2-mediated Xq28 duplication supports the notion that this duplication causes a recognizable syndrome that affects males with females exhibiting milder phenotypes. It is suggested that the observed cognitive impairment in this syndrome results from increased dosage of RAB39B gene located within the duplicated region. Increased dosage of CLIC2 may also contribute to the phenotype. The reciprocal deletion results in skewed chromosome X inactivation and no clinical phenotype in females. Review of overlapping deletions suggests that hemizygous loss of VBP1 may be the cause for the proposed male lethality associated with this deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman W El-Hattab
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS NAB 2015, Houston, TX, 77030, U.S.A. .,Division of Clinical Genetics and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Christian P Schaaf
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS NAB 2015, Houston, TX, 77030, U.S.A. .,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Ping Fang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS NAB 2015, Houston, TX, 77030, U.S.A.
| | - Elizabeth Roeder
- Section of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Children's Hospital of San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Virginia E Kimonis
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, USA.
| | - Joseph A Church
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Ankita Patel
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS NAB 2015, Houston, TX, 77030, U.S.A.
| | - Sau Wai Cheung
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS NAB 2015, Houston, TX, 77030, U.S.A.
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Structure of the rabbit ryanodine receptor RyR1 at near-atomic resolution. Nature 2014; 517:50-55. [PMID: 25517095 PMCID: PMC4338550 DOI: 10.1038/nature14063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are high-conductance intracellular Ca2+ channels that play a pivotal role in the excitation-contraction coupling of skeletal and cardiac muscles. RyRs are the largest known ion channels, with a homotetrameric organization and approximately 5000 residues in each protomer. Here we report the structure of the rabbit RyR1 in complex with its modulator FKBP12 at an overall resolution of 3.8 Å, determined by single-particle electron cryo-microscopy. Three previously uncharacterized domains, named Central, Handle, and Helical domains, display the armadillo repeat fold. These domains, together with the amino-terminal domain, constitute a network of superhelical scaffold for binding and propagation of conformational changes. The channel domain exhibits the voltage-gated ion channel superfamily fold with distinct features. A negative charge-enriched hairpin loop connecting S5 and the pore helix is positioned above the entrance to the selectivity filter vestibule. The four elongated S6 segments form a right-handed helical bundle that closes the pore at the cytoplasmic border of the membrane. Allosteric regulation of the pore by the cytoplasmic domains is mediated through extensive interactions between the Central domains and the channel domain. These structural features explain high ion conductance by RyRs and the long-range allosteric regulation of channel activities.
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19
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Takeshima H, Venturi E, Sitsapesan R. New and notable ion-channels in the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum: do they support the process of intracellular Ca²⁺ release? J Physiol 2014; 593:3241-51. [PMID: 26228553 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.281881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular Ca(2+) release through ryanodine receptor (RyR) and inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3 R) channels is supported by a complex network of additional proteins that are located in or near the Ca(2+) release sites. In this review, we focus, not on RyR/IP3 R, but on other ion-channels that are known to be present in the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) membranes. We review their putative physiological roles and the evidence suggesting that they may support the process of intracellular Ca(2+) release, either indirectly by manipulating ionic fluxes across the ER/SR membrane or by directly interacting with a Ca(2+) -release channel. These channels rarely receive scientific attention because of the general lack of information regarding their biochemical and/or electrophysiological characteristics makes it difficult to predict their physiological roles and their impact on SR Ca(2+) fluxes. We discuss the possible role of SR K(+) channels and, in parallel, detail the known biochemical and biophysical properties of the trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC) proteins and their possible biological and pathophysiological roles in ER/SR Ca(2+) release. We summarise what is known regarding Cl(-) channels in the ER/SR and the non-selective cation channels or putative 'Ca(2+) leak channels', including mitsugumin23 (MG23), pannexins, presenilins and the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels that are distributed across ER/SR membranes but which have not yet been fully characterised functionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Takeshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Elisa Venturi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
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Jiang L, Phang JM, Yu J, Harrop SJ, Sokolova AV, Duff AP, Wilk KE, Alkhamici H, Breit SN, Valenzuela SM, Brown LJ, Curmi PMG. CLIC proteins, ezrin, radixin, moesin and the coupling of membranes to the actin cytoskeleton: a smoking gun? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1838:643-57. [PMID: 23732235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The CLIC proteins are a highly conserved family of metazoan proteins with the unusual ability to adopt both soluble and integral membrane forms. The physiological functions of CLIC proteins may include enzymatic activity in the soluble form and anion channel activity in the integral membrane form. CLIC proteins are associated with the ERM proteins: ezrin, radixin and moesin. ERM proteins act as cross-linkers between membranes and the cortical actin cytoskeleton. Both CLIC and ERM proteins are controlled by Rho family small GTPases. CLIC proteins, ERM and Rho GTPases act in a concerted manner to control active membrane processes including the maintenance of microvillar structures, phagocytosis and vesicle trafficking. All of these processes involve the interaction of membranes with the underlying cortical actin cytoskeleton. The relationships between Rho GTPases, CLIC proteins, ERM proteins and the membrane:actin cytoskeleton interface are reviewed. Speculative models are proposed involving the formation of localised multi-protein complexes on the membrane surface that assemble via multiple weak interactions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Reciprocal influences between cell cytoskeleton and membrane channels, receptors and transporters. Guest Editor: Jean Claude Hervé.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Jiang
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Juanita M Phang
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jiang Yu
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Stephen J Harrop
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Anna V Sokolova
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony P Duff
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Krystyna E Wilk
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Heba Alkhamici
- School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Samuel N Breit
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Stella M Valenzuela
- School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Louise J Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Paul M G Curmi
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Liu Y, Meng X, Liu Z. Deformed grids for single-particle cryo-electron microscopy of specimens exhibiting a preferred orientation. J Struct Biol 2013; 182:255-8. [PMID: 23537848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
For biological samples showing a preferred orientation on the carbon support film of an electron microscope (EM) grid, accurate three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions by single-particle cryo-EM require data collection in which the specimen grids are tilted in the microscope, to obtain adequate numbers of particles that cover the high-degree angular distribution. However, image drift caused by the electron beam interacting with the cryo specimen becomes severe when grids are tilted to high angles (>30°). We produced deformed grids by applying a deliberate mechanical deformation to EM grids containing a thin carbon film supported by a thick holey carbon film. We applied cryo-EM using deformed grids to the isolated cardiac ryanodine receptor, an ion channel complex known to assume a preferred orientation on the carbon support film. These grids contained more particles having high Euler angle orientations without the need to tilt the specimen grids. Meanwhile, the drifting that was apparent in the images was reduced from that typical of images from tilted regular EM grids. This was achieved by imaging particles in holes close to the deformed areas, where carbon films were locally bent, offering planes of inclination with various angles. The deformed grids improve the efficiency and quality of data collection for single-particle cryo-EM of samples showing a limited range of orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA
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Strauss JD, Wagenknecht T. Structure of glutaraldehyde cross-linked ryanodine receptor. J Struct Biol 2013; 181:300-6. [PMID: 23333333 PMCID: PMC3587655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The ryanodine receptor (RyR) family of calcium release channels plays a vital role in excitation-contraction coupling (ECC). Along with the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR), calsequestrin, and several other smaller regulatory and adaptor proteins, RyRs form a large dynamic complex referred to as ECC machinery. Here we describe a simple cross-linking procedure that can be used to stabilize fragile components of the ECC machinery, for the purpose of structural elucidation by single particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). As a model system, the complex of the FK506-binding protein (FKBP12) and RyR1 was used to test the cross-linking protocol. Glutaraldehyde fixation led to complete cross-linking of receptor-bound FKBP12 to RyR1, and also to extensive cross-linking of the four subunits comprising RyR to one another without compromising the RyR1 ultrastructure. FKBP12 cross-linked with RyR1 was visualized in 2D averages by single particle cryo-EM. Comparison of control RyR1 and cross-linked RyR1 3D reconstructions revealed minor conformational changes at the transmembrane assembly and at the cytoplasmic region. Intersubunit cross-linking enhanced [(3)H]ryanodine binding to RyR1. Based on our findings we propose that intersubunit cross-linking of RyR1 by glutaraldehyde induced RyR1 to adopt an open like conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Strauss
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York 12201
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12201
| | - Terence Wagenknecht
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York 12201
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12201
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Zhang Z, Witham S, Petukh M, Moroy G, Miteva M, Ikeguchi Y, Alexov E. A rational free energy-based approach to understanding and targeting disease-causing missense mutations. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2013; 20:643-51. [PMID: 23408511 DOI: 10.1136/amiajnl-2012-001505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE Intellectual disability is a condition characterized by significant limitations in cognitive abilities and social/behavioral adaptive skills and is an important reason for pediatric, neurologic, and genetic referrals. Approximately 10% of protein-encoding genes on the X chromosome are implicated in intellectual disability, and the corresponding intellectual disability is termed X-linked ID (XLID). Although few mutations and a small number of families have been identified and XLID is rare, collectively the impact of XLID is significant because patients usually are unable to fully participate in society. OBJECTIVE To reveal the molecular mechanisms of various intellectual disabilities and to suggest small molecules which by binding to the malfunctioning protein can reduce unwanted effects. METHODS Using various in silico methods we reveal the molecular mechanism of XLID in cases involving proteins with known 3D structure. The 3D structures were used to predict the effect of disease-causing missense mutations on the folding free energy, conformational dynamics, hydrogen bond network and, if appropriate, protein-protein binding free energy. RESULTS It is shown that the vast majority of XLID mutation sites are outside the active pocket and are accessible from the water phase, thus providing the opportunity to alter their effect by binding appropriate small molecules in the vicinity of the mutation site. CONCLUSIONS This observation is used to demonstrate, computationally and experimentally, that a particular condition, Snyder-Robinson syndrome caused by the G56S spermine synthase mutation, might be ameliorated by small molecule binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Computational Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
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24
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Tian X, Liu Y, Liu Y, Wang R, Wagenknecht T, Liu Z, Chen SRW. Ligand-dependent conformational changes in the clamp region of the cardiac ryanodine receptor. J Biol Chem 2012; 288:4066-75. [PMID: 23258540 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.427864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Global conformational changes in the three-dimensional structure of the Ca(2+) release channel/ryanodine receptor (RyR) occur upon ligand activation. A number of ligands are able to activate the RyR channel, but whether these structurally diverse ligands induce the same or different conformational changes in the channel is largely unknown. Here we constructed a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based probe by inserting a CFP after residue Ser-2367 and a YFP after residue Tyr-2801 in the cardiac RyR (RyR2) to yield a CFP- and YFP-dual labeled RyR2 (RyR2(Ser-2367-CFP/Tyr-2801-YFP)). Both of these insertion sites have previously been mapped to the "clamp" region in the four corners of the square-shaped cytoplasmic assembly of the three-dimensional structure of RyR2. Using this novel FRET probe, we monitored the extent of conformational changes in the clamp region of RyR2(Ser-2367-CFP/Tyr-2801-YFP) induced by various ligands. We also monitored the extent of Ca(2+) release induced by the same ligands in HEK293 cells expressing RyR2(Ser-2367-CFP/Tyr-2801-YFP). We detected conformational changes in the clamp region for the ligands caffeine, aminophylline, theophylline, ATP, and ryanodine but not for Ca(2+) or 4-chloro-m-cresol, although they all induced Ca(2+) release. Interestingly, caffeine is able to induce further conformational changes in the clamp region of the ryanodine-modified channel, suggesting that ryanodine does not lock RyR in a fixed conformation. Our data demonstrate that conformational changes in the clamp region of RyR are ligand-dependent and suggest the existence of multiple ligand dependent RyR activation mechanisms associated with distinct conformational changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Tian
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
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25
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Zhu L, Zhong X, Chen SRW, Banavali N, Liu Z. Modeling a ryanodine receptor N-terminal domain connecting the central vestibule and the corner clamp region. J Biol Chem 2012. [PMID: 23204524 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.429670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) form a class of intracellular calcium release channels in various excitable tissues and cells such as muscles and neurons. They are the major cellular mediators of the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, an essential step in muscle excitation-contraction coupling. Several crystal structures of skeletal muscle RyR1 peptide fragments have been solved, but these cover less than 15% of the full-length RyR1 sequence. In this study, by combining modeling techniques with sub-nanometer resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) maps, we obtained pseudo-atomic models for RyR fragments consisting of residues 850-1,056 in rabbit RyR1 or residues 861-1,067 in mouse RyR2. These fragments are docked into a domain that connects the central vestibule and corner clamp region of RyR, resulting in a good match of the secondary structure elements in the cryo-EM map and the pseudo-atomic models, which is also consistent with our previous mappings of GFP insertions by cryo-EM and with FRET measurements involving RyR and FK506-binding protein (FKBP). A combined model of the RyR fragment and FKBP docked into the cryo-EM map suggests that the fragment is positioned adjacent to the FKBP-binding site. Its predicted binding interface with FKBP consists primarily of electrostatic contacts and contains several disease-associated mutations. A dynamic interaction between the fragment and an RyR phosphorylation domain, characterized by FRET experiments, also supports the structural predictions of the pseudo-atomic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York 12201, USA
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26
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Board PG, Menon D. Glutathione transferases, regulators of cellular metabolism and physiology. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012. [PMID: 23201197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cytosolic glutathione transferases (GSTs) comprise a super family of proteins that can be categorized into multiple classes with a mixture of highly specific and overlapping functions. SCOPE OF REVIEW The review covers the genetics, structure and function of the human cytosolic GSTs with particular attention to their emerging roles in cellular metabolism. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS All the catalytically active GSTs contribute to the glutathione conjugation or glutathione dependant-biotransformation of xenobiotics and many catalyze glutathione peroxidase or thiol transferase reactions. GSTs also catalyze glutathione dependent isomerization reactions required for the synthesis of several prostaglandins and steroid hormones and the catabolism of tyrosine. An increasing body of work has implicated several GSTs in the regulation of cell signaling pathways mediated by stress-activated kinases like Jun N-terminal kinase. In addition, some members of the cytosolic GST family have been shown to form ion channels in intracellular membranes and to modulate ryanodine receptor Ca(2+) channels in skeletal and cardiac muscle. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE In addition to their well established roles in the conjugation and biotransformation of xenobiotics, GSTs have emerged as significant regulators of pathways determining cell proliferation and survival and as regulators of ryanodine receptors that are essential for muscle function. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Cellular functions of glutathione.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip G Board
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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27
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Whiteley G, Collins RF, Kitmitto A. Characterization of the molecular architecture of human caveolin-3 and interaction with the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:40302-16. [PMID: 23071107 PMCID: PMC3504746 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.377085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-3 (cav-3), an integral membrane protein, is a building block of caveolae as well as a regulator of a number of physiological processes by facilitating the formation of multiprotein signaling complexes. We report that the expression of cav-3 in insect (Sf9) cells induces caveola formation, comparable in size with those observed in native tissue. We have also purified the recombinant cav-3 determining that it forms an oligomer of ∼220 kDa. We present the first three-dimensional structure for cav-3 (using transmission electron microscopy and single particle analysis methods) and show that nine cav-3 monomers assemble to form a complex that is toroidal in shape, ∼16.5 nm in diameter and ∼ 5.5 nm in height. Labeling experiments and reconstitution of the purified cav-3 into liposomes have allowed a proposal for the orientation of the protein with respect to the membrane. We have identified multiple caveolin-binding motifs within the ryanodine receptor (RyR1) sequence employing a bioinformatic analysis. We have then shown experimentally that there is a direct interaction between recombinant cav-3 nonamers and purified RyR1 homotetramers that would imply that at least one of the predicted cav-3-binding sites is exposed within the fully assembled RyR1 structure. The cav-3 three-dimensional model provides new insights as to how a cav-3 oligomer can bind multiple partners in close proximity to form signaling complexes. Furthermore, a direct interaction with RyR1 suggests a possible role for cav-3 as a modifier of muscle excitation-contraction coupling and/or for localization of the receptor to regions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Whiteley
- School of Biomedicine, Cardiovascular Group, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
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28
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Takano K, Liu D, Tarpey P, Gallant E, Lam A, Witham S, Alexov E, Chaubey A, Stevenson RE, Schwartz CE, Board PG, Dulhunty AF. An X-linked channelopathy with cardiomegaly due to a CLIC2 mutation enhancing ryanodine receptor channel activity. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:4497-507. [PMID: 22814392 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channel 2 (CLIC2) protein is a member of the glutathione transferase class of proteins. Its' only known function is the regulation of ryanodine receptor (RyR) intracellular Ca(2+) release channels. These RyR proteins play a major role in the regulation of Ca(2+) signaling in many cells. Utilizing exome capture and deep sequencing of genes on the X-chromosome, we have identified a mutation in CLIC2 (c.303C>G, p.H101Q) which is associated with X-linked intellectual disability (ID), atrial fibrillation, cardiomegaly, congestive heart failure (CHF), some somatic features and seizures. Functional studies of the H101Q variant indicated that it stimulated rather than inhibited the action of RyR channels, with channels remaining open for longer times and potentially amplifying Ca(2+) signals dependent on RyR channel activity. The overly active RyRs in cardiac and skeletal muscle cells and neuronal cells would result in abnormal cardiac function and trigger post-synaptic pathways and neurotransmitter release. The presence of both cardiomegaly and CHF in the two affected males and atrial fibrillation in one are consistent with abnormal RyR2 channel function. Since the dysfunction of RyR2 channels in the brain via 'leaky mutations' can result in mild developmental delay and seizures, our data also suggest a vital role for the CLIC2 protein in maintaining normal cognitive function via its interaction with RyRs in the brain. Therefore, our patients appear to suffer from a new channelopathy comprised of ID, seizures and cardiac problems because of enhanced Ca(2+) release through RyRs in neuronal cells and cardiac muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Takano
- JC Self Research Institute, Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA
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29
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Huang X, Fruen B, Farrington DT, Wagenknecht T, Liu Z. Calmodulin-binding locations on the skeletal and cardiac ryanodine receptors. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:30328-35. [PMID: 22773841 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.383109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ryanodine receptor types 1 (RyR1) and 2 (RyR2) are calcium release channels that are highly enriched in skeletal and cardiac muscle, respectively, where they play an essential role in excitation-contraction coupling. Apocalmodulin (apo-CaM) weakly activates RyR1 but inhibits RyR2, whereas Ca(2+)-calmodulin inhibits both isoforms. Previous cryo-EM studies showed distinctly different binding locations on RyR1 for the two states of CaM. However, recent studies employing FRET appear to challenge these findings. Here, using cryo-EM, we have determined that a CaM mutant that is incapable of binding calcium binds to RyR1 at the apo site, regardless of the calcium concentration. We have also re-determined the location of RyR1-bound Ca(2+)-CaM using uniform experimental conditions. Our results show the existence of the two overlapping but distinct binding sites for CaM in RyR1 and imply that the binding location switch is due to Ca(2+) binding to CaM, as opposed to direct effects of Ca(2+) on RyR1. We also discuss explanations that could resolve the apparent conflict between the cryo-EM and FRET results. Interestingly, apo-CaM binds to RyR2 at a similar binding location to that of Ca(2+)-CaM on RyR1, in seeming agreement with the inhibitory effects of these two forms of CaM on their respective receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Huang
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA
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30
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Simpson JC, Joggerst B, Laketa V, Verissimo F, Cetin C, Erfle H, Bexiga MG, Singan VR, Hériché JK, Neumann B, Mateos A, Blake J, Bechtel S, Benes V, Wiemann S, Ellenberg J, Pepperkok R. Genome-wide RNAi screening identifies human proteins with a regulatory function in the early secretory pathway. Nat Cell Biol 2012; 14:764-74. [DOI: 10.1038/ncb2510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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31
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Huang W, Hu C, Zeng H, Li P, Guo L, Zeng X, Liu G, Zhang F, Li Y, Wu L. Novel systemic lupus erythematosus autoantigens identified by human protein microarray technology. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 418:241-6. [PMID: 22266373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease affecting many organs. Many autoantibodies have been associated with the disease, but either in low specificity or low sensitivity of detection. In an aim to screen for better autoantibodies, we profiled the autoantibody repertoire in sera from 30 SLE patients versus 30 healthy controls using a protein microarray containing 5011 non-redundant human proteins, and identified four candidates. We then selected CLIC2 for further verification by ELISA in an extended cohort including 110 SLE, 121 non-AD, 118 RA, 117 SSc, and 105 pSS patients. The positive rate of anti-CLIC2 was 28.18% in SLE patients, significantly higher than those in non-AD, RA, and SSc patients. The presence of anti-CLIC2 in SLE had positive correlation with disease activity in terms of SLEDAI score and several indexes (p<0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101318, People's Republic of China
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32
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Techniques and Methodologies to Study the Ryanodine Receptor at the Molecular, Subcellular and Cellular Level. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 740:183-215. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2888-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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33
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The structural biology of ryanodine receptors. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2011; 54:712-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-011-4198-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Witham S, Takano K, Schwartz C, Alexov E. A missense mutation in CLIC2 associated with intellectual disability is predicted by in silico modeling to affect protein stability and dynamics. Proteins 2011; 79:2444-54. [PMID: 21630357 DOI: 10.1002/prot.23065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale next generation resequencing of X chromosome genes identified a missense mutation in the CLIC2 gene on Xq28 in a male with X-linked intellectual disability (XLID) and not found in healthy individuals. At the same time, numerous nsSNPs (nonsynonomous SNP) have been reported in the CLIC2 gene in healthy individuals indicating that the CLIC2 protein can tolerate amino acid substitutions and be fully functional. To test the possibility that p.H101Q is a disease-causing mutation, we performed in silico simulations to calculate the effects of the p.H101Q mutation on CLIC2 stability, dynamics, and ionization states while comparing the effects obtained for presumably harmless nsSNPs. It was found that p.H101Q, in contrast with other nsSNPs, (a) lessens the flexibility of the joint loop which is important for the normal function of CLIC2, (b) makes the overall 3D structure of CLIC2 more stable and thus reduces the possibility of the large conformational change expected to occur when CLIC2 moves from a soluble to membrane form, and (c) removes the positively charged residue, H101, which may be important for the membrane association of CLIC2. The results of in silico modeling, in conjunction with the polymorphism analysis, suggest that p.H101Q may be a disease-causing mutation, the first one suggested in the CLIC family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Witham
- Department of Physics, Computational Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
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35
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Song DW, Lee JG, Youn HS, Eom SH, Kim DH. Ryanodine receptor assembly: A novel systems biology approach to 3D mapping. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 105:145-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2010.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Dulhunty AF, Hewawasam R, Liu D, Casarotto MG, Board PG. Regulation of the cardiac muscle ryanodine receptor by glutathione transferases. Drug Metab Rev 2011; 43:236-52. [DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2010.549134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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37
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Wei DY, Yin CC. An optimized locally adaptive non-local means denoising filter for cryo-electron microscopy data. J Struct Biol 2010; 172:211-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2010.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Revised: 06/20/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Lanner JT, Georgiou DK, Joshi AD, Hamilton SL. Ryanodine receptors: structure, expression, molecular details, and function in calcium release. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2010; 2:a003996. [PMID: 20961976 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a003996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 537] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are located in the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum membrane and are responsible for the release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores during excitation-contraction coupling in both cardiac and skeletal muscle. RyRs are the largest known ion channels (> 2MDa) and exist as three mammalian isoforms (RyR 1-3), all of which are homotetrameric proteins that interact with and are regulated by phosphorylation, redox modifications, and a variety of small proteins and ions. Most RyR channel modulators interact with the large cytoplasmic domain whereas the carboxy-terminal portion of the protein forms the ion-conducting pore. Mutations in RyR2 are associated with human disorders such as catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia whereas mutations in RyR1 underlie diseases such as central core disease and malignant hyperthermia. This chapter examines the current concepts of the structure, function and regulation of RyRs and assesses the current state of understanding of their roles in associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna T Lanner
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Houston, Texas 77030,USA
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39
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Excitation-contraction coupling and minor triadic proteins in low-frequency fatigue. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2010; 38:135-42. [PMID: 20577062 DOI: 10.1097/jes.0b013e3181e3734d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Low-frequency fatigue (LFF) is characterized by a proportionally greater loss of force at low compared with high activation frequencies and a prolonged recovery. Recent work suggests a calcium-induced uncoupling of excitation-contraction coupling underlies LFF. Here, newly characterized triadic proteins are described, and possible mechanisms by which they may contribute to LFF are suggested.
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40
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Wagenknecht TC, Liu Z. Electron microscopy of ryanodine receptors. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2010; 66:27-47. [PMID: 22353475 DOI: 10.1016/s1063-5823(10)66002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terence C Wagenknecht
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
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41
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Two decades with dimorphic Chloride Intracellular Channels (CLICs). FEBS Lett 2010; 584:2112-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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42
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Pessah IN, Cherednichenko G, Lein PJ. Minding the calcium store: Ryanodine receptor activation as a convergent mechanism of PCB toxicity. Pharmacol Ther 2010; 125:260-85. [PMID: 19931307 PMCID: PMC2823855 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronic low-level polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposures remain a significant public health concern since results from epidemiological studies indicate that PCB burden is associated with immune system dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, and impairment of the developing nervous system. Of these various adverse health effects, developmental neurotoxicity has emerged as a particularly vulnerable endpoint in PCB toxicity. Arguably the most pervasive biological effects of PCBs could be mediated by their ability to alter the spatial and temporal fidelity of Ca2+ signals through one or more receptor-mediated processes. This review will focus on our current knowledge of the structure and function of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) in muscle and nerve cells and how PCBs and related non-coplanar structures alter these functions. The molecular and cellular mechanisms by which non-coplanar PCBs and related structures alter local and global Ca2+ signaling properties and the possible short and long-term consequences of these perturbations on neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac N Pessah
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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