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Yu Z, Zhao W, Sun H, Mou H, Liu J, Yu H, Dai L, Kong Q, Yang S. Phycocyanin from microalgae: A comprehensive review covering microalgal culture, phycocyanin sources and stability. Food Res Int 2024; 186:114362. [PMID: 38729724 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
As food safety continues to gain prominence, phycocyanin (PC) is increasingly favored by consumers as a natural blue pigment, which is extracted from microalgae and serves the dual function of promoting health and providing coloration. Spirulina-derived PC demonstrates exceptional stability within temperature ranges below 45 °C and under pH conditions between 5.5 and 6.0. However, its application is limited in scenarios involving high-temperature processing due to its sensitivity to heat and light. This comprehensive review provides insights into the efficient production of PC from microalgae, covers the metabolic engineering of microalgae to increase PC yields and discusses various strategies for enhancing its stability in food applications. In addition to the most widely used Spirulina, some red algae and Thermosynechococcus can serve as good source of PC. The genetic and metabolic manipulation of microalgae strains has shown promise in increasing PC yield and improving its quality. Delivery systems including nanoparticles, hydrogels, emulsions, and microcapsules offer a promising solution to protect and extend the shelf life of PC in food products, ensuring its vibrant color and health-promoting properties are preserved. This review highlights the importance of metabolic engineering, multi-omics applications, and innovative delivery systems in unlocking the full potential of this natural blue pigment in the realm of food applications, provides a complete overview of the entire process from production to commercialization of PC, including the extraction and purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyu Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, NO.1299 sansha road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Weiyang Zhao
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Han Sun
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, NO.1299 sansha road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, and Center for Algae Innovation & Engineering Research, School of Resources and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Hui Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, NO.1299 sansha road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Lei Dai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Qing Kong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, NO.1299 sansha road, Qingdao 266404, China.
| | - Shufang Yang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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2
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Garber AI, Sano EB, Gallagher AL, Miller SR. Duplicate Gene Expression and Possible Mechanisms of Paralog Retention During Bacterial Genome Expansion. Genome Biol Evol 2024; 16:evae089. [PMID: 38670115 PMCID: PMC11086944 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evae089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene duplication contributes to the evolution of expression and the origin of new genes, but the relative importance of different patterns of duplicate gene expression and mechanisms of retention remains debated and particularly poorly understood in bacteria. Here, we investigated gene expression patterns for two lab strains of the cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina with expanding genomes that contain about 10-fold more gene duplicates compared with most bacteria. Strikingly, we observed a generally stoichiometric pattern of greater combined duplicate transcript dosage with increased gene copy number, in contrast to the prevalence of expression reduction reported for many eukaryotes. We conclude that increased transcript dosage is likely an important mechanism of initial duplicate retention in these bacteria and may persist over long periods of evolutionary time. However, we also observed that paralog expression can diverge rapidly, including possible functional partitioning, for which different copies were respectively more highly expressed in at least one condition. Divergence may be promoted by the physical separation of most Acaryochloris duplicates on different genetic elements. In addition, expression pattern for ancestrally shared duplicates could differ between strains, emphasizing that duplicate expression fate need not be deterministic. We further observed evidence for context-dependent transcript dosage, where the aggregate expression of duplicates was either greater or lower than their single-copy homolog depending on physiological state. Finally, we illustrate how these different expression patterns of duplicated genes impact Acaryochloris biology for the innovation of a novel light-harvesting apparatus and for the regulation of recA paralogs in response to environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiy I Garber
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Emiko B Sano
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Amy L Gallagher
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Scott R Miller
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
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3
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Zhang Y, Oberg CP, Hu Y, Xu H, Yan M, Scholes GD, Wang M. Molecular and Supramolecular Materials: From Light-Harvesting to Quantum Information Science and Technology. J Phys Chem Lett 2024:3294-3316. [PMID: 38497707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The past two decades have witnessed immense advances in quantum information technology (QIT), benefited by advances in physics, chemistry, biology, and materials science and engineering. It is intriguing to consider whether these diverse molecular and supramolecular structures and materials, partially inspired by quantum effects as observed in sophisticated biological systems such as light-harvesting complexes in photosynthesis and the magnetic compass of migratory birds, might play a role in future QIT. If so, how? Herein, we review materials and specify the relationship between structures and quantum properties, and we identify the challenges and limitations that have restricted the intersection of QIT and chemical materials. Examples are broken down into two categories: materials for quantum sensing where nonclassical function is observed on the molecular scale and systems where nonclassical phenomena are present due to intermolecular interactions. We discuss challenges for materials chemistry and make comparisons to related systems found in nature. We conclude that if chemical materials become relevant for QIT, they will enable quite new kinds of properties and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Zhang
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
| | - Catrina P Oberg
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Hongxue Xu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
| | - Mengwen Yan
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Mingfeng Wang
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
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4
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Nguyen HK, Minato T, Teramoto T, Ogo S, Kakuta Y, Yoon KS. Disassembly and reassembly of the non-conventional thermophilic C-phycocyanin. J Biosci Bioeng 2024; 137:179-186. [PMID: 38238241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
C-phycocyanin (CPC), which contains open-chain tetrapyrroles, is a major light-harvesting red-fluorescent protein with an important role in aquatic photosynthesis. Recently, we reported a non-conventional CPC from Thermoleptolyngbya sp. O-77 (CPCO77) that contains two different structures, i.e., a hexameric structure and a non-conventional octameric structure. However, the assembly and disassembly mechanisms of the non-conventional octameric form of CPC remain unclear. To understand this assembly mechanism, we performed an in vitro experiment to study the disassembly and reassembly behaviors of CPC using isolated CPC subunits. The dissociation of the CPCO77 subunit was performed using a Phenyl-Sepharose column in 20 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) containing 7.0 M urea. For the first time, crystals of isolated CPC subunits were obtained and analyzed after separation. After the removal of urea from the purified α and β subunits, we performed an in vitro reassembly experiment for CPC and analyzed the reconstructed CPC using spectrophotometric and X-ray crystal structure analyses. The crystal structure of the reassembled CPC was nearly identical to that of the original CPCO77. The findings of this study indicate that the octameric CPCO77 is a naturally occurring form in the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermoleptolyngbya sp. O-77.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Khac Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuo Minato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I(2)CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Takamasa Teramoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Seiji Ogo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I(2)CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Kakuta
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Laboratory of Structural Biology, Graduate School of System Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ki-Seok Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I(2)CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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5
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Zhou LJ, Höppner A, Wang YQ, Hou JY, Scheer H, Zhao KH. Crystallographic and biochemical analyses of a far-red allophycocyanin to address the mechanism of the super-red-shift. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s11120-023-01066-2. [PMID: 38182842 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Far-red absorbing allophycocyanins (APC), identified in cyanobacteria capable of FRL photoacclimation (FaRLiP) and low-light photoacclimation (LoLiP), absorb far-red light, functioning in energy transfer as light-harvesting proteins. We report an optimized method to obtain high purity far-red absorbing allophycocyanin B, AP-B2, of Chroococcidiopsis thermalis sp. PCC7203 by synthesis in Escherichia coli and an improved purification protocol. The crystal structure of the trimer, (PCB-ApcD5/PCB-ApcB2)3, has been resolved to 2.8 Å. The main difference to conventional APCs absorbing in the 650-670 nm range is a largely flat chromophore with the co-planarity extending, in particular, from rings BCD to ring A. This effectively extends the conjugation system of PCB and contributes to the super-red-shifted absorption of the α-subunit (λmax = 697 nm). On complexation with the β-subunit, it is even further red-shifted (λmax, absorption = 707 nm, λmax, emission = 721 nm). The relevance of ring A for this shift is supported by mutagenesis data. A variant of the α-subunit, I123M, has been generated that shows an intense FR-band already in the absence of the β-subunit, a possible model is discussed. Two additional mechanisms are known to red-shift the chromophore spectrum: lactam-lactim tautomerism and deprotonation of the chromophore that both mechanisms appear inconsistent with our data, leaving this question unresolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, The People's Republic of China
| | - Astrid Höppner
- Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yi-Qing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Yun Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, The People's Republic of China
| | - Hugo Scheer
- Department Biologie I, Universität München, Menzinger Str. 67, 80638, Munich, Germany
| | - Kai-Hong Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, The People's Republic of China.
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6
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Liu R, Zhen ZH, Li W, Ge B, Qin S. How can Phycobilisome, the unique light harvesting system in certain algae working highly efficiently: The connection in between structures and functions. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 186:39-52. [PMID: 38030044 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Algae, which are ubiquitous in ecosystems, have evolved a variety of light-harvesting complexes to better adapt to diverse habitats. Phycobilisomes/phycobiliproteins, unique to cyanobacteria, red algae, and certain cryptomonads, compensate for the lack of chlorophyll absorption, allowing algae to capture and efficiently transfer light energy in aquatic environments. With the advancement of microscopy and spectroscopy, the structure and energy transfer processes of increasingly complex phycobilisomes have been elucidated, providing us with a vivid portrait of the dynamic adaptation of their structures to the light environment in which algae thrive: 1) Cyanobacteria living on the surface of the water use short, small phycobilisomes to absorb red-orange light and reduce the damage from blue-violet light via multiple methods; 2) Large red algae inhabiting the depths of the ocean have evolved long and dense phycobilisomes containing phycoerythrin to capture the feeble blue-green light; 3) In far-red light environments such as caves, algae use special allophycocyanin cores to optimally utilize the far-red light; 4) When the environment shifts, algae can adjust the length, composition and density of their rods to better adapt; 5) By carefully designing the position of the pigments, phycobilisomes can transfer light energy to the reaction center with nearly 100% efficiency via three energy transfer processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Liu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Zhang-He Zhen
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Baosheng Ge
- China University of Petroleum (HUADONG), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China.
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7
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Zheng L, Zhang Z, Wang H, Zheng Z, Wang J, Liu H, Chen H, Dong C, Wang G, Weng Y, Gao N, Zhao J. Cryo-EM and femtosecond spectroscopic studies provide mechanistic insight into the energy transfer in CpcL-phycobilisomes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3961. [PMID: 37407580 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39689-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phycobilisomes (PBS) are the major light harvesting complexes of photosynthesis in the cyanobacteria and red algae. CpcL-PBS is a type of small PBS in cyanobacteria that transfers energy directly to photosystem I without the core structure. Here we report the cryo-EM structure of the CpcL-PBS from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 at 2.6-Å resolution. The structure shows the CpcD domain of ferredoxin: NADP+ oxidoreductase is located at the distal end of CpcL-PBS, responsible for its attachment to PBS. With the evidence of ultrafast transient absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, the roles of individual bilins in energy transfer are revealed. The bilin 1Iβ822 located near photosystem I has an enhanced planarity and is the red-bilin responsible for the direct energy transfer to photosystem I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lvqin Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hongrui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhenggao Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Heyuan Liu
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chunxia Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guopeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Ning Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Jindong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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8
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Hidalgo Martinez D, Melis A. Cyanobacterial phycobilisomes as a platform for the stable production of heterologous enzymes and other proteins. Metab Eng 2023; 77:174-187. [PMID: 37030607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to stably over-express recombinant proteins in cyanobacteria are hindered due to cellular proteasome activity that efficiently degrades foreign proteins. Recent work from this lab showed that a variety of exogenous genes from plants, bacteria, and humans can be successfully and stably over-expressed in cyanobacteria, as fusion constructs with the abundant β-subunit of phycocyanin (the cpcB gene product) in quantities up to 10-15% of the total cell protein. The CpcB*P fusion proteins did not simply accumulate in a soluble free-floating form in the cell but, rather, they assembled as functional (α,β*P)3CpcG1 heterohexameric light-harvesting phycocyanin antenna discs, where α is the CpcA α-subunit of phycocyanin, β*P is the CpcB*P fusion protein, the asterisk denoting fusion, and CpcG1 is the 28.9 kDa phycocyanin disc linker polypeptide (Hidalgo Martinez et al., 2022). The present work showed that the CpcA α-subunit of phycocyanin and the CpcG1 28.9 kDa phycocyanin disc linker polypeptide can also successfully serve as leading sequences in functional heterohexameric (α*P,β)3CpcG1 and (α,β)3CpcG1*P fusion constructs that permit stable recombinant protein over-expression and accumulation. These were shown to form a residual light-harvesting antenna and to contribute to photosystem-II photochemistry in the cyanobacterial cells. The work suggested that cyanobacterial cells need phycocyanin for light absorption, photosynthesis, and survival and, therefore, may tolerate the presence of heterologous recombinant proteins, when the latter are in a fusion construct configuration with essential cellular proteins, e.g., phycocyanin, thus allowing their substantial and stable accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anastasios Melis
- University of California, 111 Koshland Hall, MC-3102, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3102, USA.
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9
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Tolbatov I, Marrone A, Shepard W, Chiaverini L, Upadhyay Kahaly M, La Mendola D, Marzo T, Ciccone L. Inorganic Drugs as a Tool for Protein Structure Solving and Studies on Conformational Changes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202937. [PMID: 36477932 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic drugs are capable of tight interactions with proteins through coordination towards aminoacidic residues, and this feature is recognized as a key aspect for their pharmacological action. However, the "protein metalation process" is exploitable for solving the phase problem and structural resolution. In fact, the use of inorganic drugs bearing specific metal centers and ligands capable to drive the binding towards the desired portions of the protein target could represent a very intriguing and fruitful strategy. In this context, a theoretical approach may further contribute to solve protein structures and their refinement. Here, we delineate the main features of a reliable experimental-theoretical integrated approach, based on the use of metallodrugs, for protein structure solving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iogann Tolbatov
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alessandro Marrone
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - William Shepard
- Department PROXIMA2 A, Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lorenzo Chiaverini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Diego La Mendola
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
- Department PROXIMA2 A, Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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10
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Sil S, Tilluck RW, Mohan T M N, Leslie CH, Rose JB, Domínguez-Martín MA, Lou W, Kerfeld CA, Beck WF. Excitation energy transfer and vibronic coherence in intact phycobilisomes. Nat Chem 2022; 14:1286-1294. [PMID: 36123451 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01026-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The phycobilisome is an oligomeric chromoprotein complex that serves as the principal mid-visible light-harvesting system in cyanobacteria. Here we report the observation of excitation-energy-transfer pathways involving delocalized optical excitations of the bilin (linear tetrapyrrole) chromophores in intact phycobilisomes isolated from Fremyella diplosiphon. By using broadband multidimensional electronic spectroscopy with 6.7-fs laser pulses, we are able to follow the progress of excitation energy from the phycoerythrin disks at the ends of the phycobilisome's rods to the C-phycocyanin disks along their length in <600 fs. Oscillation maps show that coherent wavepacket motions prominently involving the hydrogen out-of-plane vibrations of the bilins mediate non-adiabatic relaxation of a manifold of vibronic exciton states. However, the charge-transfer character of the bilins in the allophycocyanin-containing segments localizes the excitations in the core of the phycobilisome, yielding a kinetic bottleneck that enables photoregulatory mechanisms to operate efficiently on the >10-ps timescale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Sil
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ryan W Tilluck
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Nila Mohan T M
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Chase H Leslie
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Justin B Rose
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Wenjing Lou
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Cheryl A Kerfeld
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Warren F Beck
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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11
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Tsoraev GV, Protasova EA, Klimanova EA, Ryzhykau YL, Kuklin AI, Semenov YS, Ge B, Li W, Qin S, Friedrich T, Sluchanko NN, Maksimov EG. Anti-Stokes fluorescence excitation reveals conformational mobility of the C-phycocyanin chromophores. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2022; 9:054701. [PMID: 36065339 PMCID: PMC9440762 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The structural organization of natural pigment-protein complexes provides a specific environment for the chromophore groups. Yet, proteins are inherently dynamic and conformationally mobile. In this work, we demonstrate the heterogeneity of chromophores of C-phycocyanin (C-PC) from Arthrospira platensis. Part of the population of trimeric C-PC is subject to spontaneous disturbances of protein-protein interactions resulting in increased conformational mobility of the chromophores. Upon fluorescence excitation in the visible range, the spectral signatures of these poorly populated states are masked by bulk chromophore states, but the former could be clearly discriminated when the fluorescence is excited by near-infrared quanta. Such selective excitation of conformationally mobile C-PC chromophores is due to the structure of their S1 level, which is characterized by a significantly broadened spectral line. We demonstrate that the anti-Stokes C-PC fluorescence is the result of single-photon absorption. By combining spectral and structural methods, we characterize four distinct states of C-PC chromophores emitting at 620, 650, 665, and 720 nm and assigned the fast component in the anti-Stokes fluorescence decay kinetics in the range of 690-750 nm to the chromophores with increased conformational mobility. Our data suggest that the spectral and temporal characteristics of the anti-Stokes fluorescence can be used to study protein dynamics and develop methods to visualize local environment parameters such as temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgy V. Tsoraev
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Elena A. Protasova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Yury S. Semenov
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Baosheng Ge
- China University of Petroleum (Huadong), College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Thomas Friedrich
- Technical University of Berlin, Institute of Chemistry PC 14, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolai N. Sluchanko
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Eugene G. Maksimov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Tel.: +7 (926) 735–04-37
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12
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Patel SN, Sonani RR, Roy D, Singh NK, Subudhi S, Pabbi S, Madamwar D. Exploring the structural aspects and therapeutic perspectives of cyanobacterial phycobiliproteins. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:224. [PMID: 35975025 PMCID: PMC9375810 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Phycobiliproteins (PBPs) of cyanobacteria and algae possess unique light harvesting capacity which expand the photosynthetically active region (PAR) and allow them to thrive in extreme niches where higher plants cannot. PBPs of cyanobacteria/algae vary in abundance, types, amino acid composition and in structure as a function of species and the habitat that they grow in. In the present review, the key aspects of structure, stability, and spectral properties of PBPs, and their correlation with ecological niche of cyanobacteria are discussed. Besides their role in light-harvesting, PBPs possess antioxidant, anti-aging, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, which can be used in therapeutics. Recent developments in therapeutic applications of PBPs are reviewed with special focus on 'route of PBPs administration' and 'therapeutic potential of PBP-derived peptide and chromophores'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuti N. Patel
- P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT Campus, Changa, Anand, Gujarat 388421 India
- Post-Graduate Department of Biosciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Sardar Patel University, Satellite Campus, Vadtal Road, Bakrol, Anand, Gujarat 388315 India
- Present Address: Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ravi R. Sonani
- Present Address: Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA
| | - Diya Roy
- Centre for Conservation and Utilisation of Blue Green Algae (CCUBGA), Division of Microbiology, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Niraj Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Shree A. N. Patel PG Institute of Science and Research, Sardar Patel University, Anand, Gujarat 388001 India
- Present Address: Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC), Deaprtment of Science and Technology (DST), Government of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382011 India
| | - Sanjukta Subudhi
- The Energy and Resources Institute Darbari Seth Block, India Habitat Centre, Lodi Road, New Delhi, 110003 India
| | - Sunil Pabbi
- Centre for Conservation and Utilisation of Blue Green Algae (CCUBGA), Division of Microbiology, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Datta Madamwar
- P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT Campus, Changa, Anand, Gujarat 388421 India
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13
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Core and rod structures of a thermophilic cyanobacterial light-harvesting phycobilisome. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3389. [PMID: 35715389 PMCID: PMC9205905 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30962-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria, glaucophytes, and rhodophytes utilize giant, light-harvesting phycobilisomes (PBSs) for capturing solar energy and conveying it to photosynthetic reaction centers. PBSs are compositionally and structurally diverse, and exceedingly complex, all of which pose a challenge for a comprehensive understanding of their function. To date, three detailed architectures of PBSs by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) have been described: a hemiellipsoidal type, a block-type from rhodophytes, and a cyanobacterial hemidiscoidal-type. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of a pentacylindrical allophycocyanin core and phycocyanin-containing rod of a thermophilic cyanobacterial hemidiscoidal PBS. The structures define the spatial arrangement of protein subunits and chromophores, crucial for deciphering the energy transfer mechanism. They reveal how the pentacylindrical core is formed, identify key interactions between linker proteins and the bilin chromophores, and indicate pathways for unidirectional energy transfer. Phycobilisome (PBS) absorbs solar energy and transfer the energy to photosynthetic membrane proteins. In this study, the structures of the pentacylindrical core and rod in PBS from a thermophilic cyanobacterium by cryo-electron microscopy.
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14
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Hidalgo Martinez D, Betterle N, Melis A. Phycocyanin Fusion Constructs for Heterologous Protein Expression Accumulate as Functional Heterohexameric Complexes in Cyanobacteria. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:1152-1166. [PMID: 35257571 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of heterologous proteins from plants, bacteria, and human as fusion constructs in cyanobacteria has been documented in the literature. Typically, the heterologous protein "P" of interest is expressed as a fusion with the abundant CpcB β-subunit of phycocyanin (PC), which was placed in the leader sequence position. The working hypothesis for such overexpressions is that CpcB*P fusion proteins somehow accumulate in a soluble and stable form in the cytosol of the cyanobacteria, retaining the activity of the trailing heterologous "P" protein of interest. The present work revealed a substantially different and previously unobvious picture, comprising the following properties of the above-mentioned CpcB*P fusion constructs: (i) the CpcB*P proteins assemble as functional (α,β*P)3CpcG heterohexameric discs, where α is the CpcA α-subunit of PC, β*P is the CpcB*P fusion protein, the asterisk denotes fusion, and CpcG is the 28.9 kDa PC disc linker polypeptide CpcG1. (ii) The (α,β*P)3CpcG1 complexes covalently bind one open tetrapyrrole bilin co-factor per α-subunit and two bilins per β-subunit. (iii) The (α,β*P)3CpcG1 heterohexameric discs are functionally attached to the Synechocystis allophycocyanin (AP) core cylinders and efficiently transfer excitation energy from the assembled (α,β*P)3CpcG1 heterohexamer to the PSII reaction center, enhancing the rate of photochemical charge separation and electron transfer activity in this photosystem. (iv) In addition to the human interferon α-2 and tetanus toxin fragment C tested in this work, we have shown that enzymes such as the plant-origin isoprene synthase, β-phellandrene synthase, geranyl diphosphate synthase, and geranyl linalool synthase are also overexpressed, while retaining their catalytic activity in the respective fusion construct configuration. (v) Folding models for the (α,β*P)3CpcG1 heterohexameric discs showed the recombinant proteins P to be radially oriented with respect to the (α,β)3 compact disc. Elucidation of the fusion construct configuration and function will pave the way for the rational design of fusion constructs harboring and overexpressing multiple proteins of scientific and commercial interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Hidalgo Martinez
- Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102, United States
| | - Nico Betterle
- Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102, United States
| | - Anastasios Melis
- Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102, United States
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15
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Minato T, Teramoto T, Adachi N, Hung NK, Yamada K, Kawasaki M, Akutsu M, Moriya T, Senda T, Ogo S, Kakuta Y, Yoon KS. Non-conventional octameric structure of C-phycocyanin. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1238. [PMID: 34716405 PMCID: PMC8556327 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
C-phycocyanin (CPC), a blue pigment protein, is an indispensable component of giant phycobilisomes, which are light-harvesting antenna complexes in cyanobacteria that transfer energy efficiently to photosystems I and II. X-ray crystallographic and electron microscopy (EM) analyses have revealed the structure of CPC to be a closed toroidal hexamer by assembling two trimers. In this study, the structural characterization of non-conventional octameric CPC is reported for the first time. Analyses of the crystal and cryogenic EM structures of the native CPC from filamentous thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermoleptolyngbya sp. O–77 unexpectedly illustrated the coexistence of conventional hexamer and novel octamer. In addition, an unusual dimeric state, observed via analytical ultracentrifugation, was postulated to be a key intermediate structure in the assemble of the previously unobserved octamer. These observations provide new insights into the assembly processes of CPCs and the mechanism of energy transfer in the light-harvesting complexes. Takuo Minato and colleagues determine the crystal and cryo-EM structures of the native C-phycocyanin (CPC) from the thermophilic cyanobacterium, Thermoleptolyngbya sp. O77, which was found to adopt both a conventional hexameric structure and a novel octameric assembly. These findings provide new insights into the assembly of CPCs and their mechanism of energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuo Minato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Takamasa Teramoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Naruhiko Adachi
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Nguyen Khac Hung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kaho Yamada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masato Kawasaki
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan.,Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (Soken-dai), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Masato Akutsu
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Toshio Moriya
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Toshiya Senda
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan.,Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (Soken-dai), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Seiji Ogo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Small Molecule Energy, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Kakuta
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,Laboratory of Structural Biology, Graduate School of System Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Ki-Seok Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,Center for Small Molecule Energy, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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16
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Mishima K, Shoji M, Umena Y, Boero M, Shigeta Y. Estimation of the relative contributions to the electronic energy transfer rates based on Förster theory: The case of C-phycocyanin chromophores. Biophys Physicobiol 2021; 18:196-214. [PMID: 34552842 PMCID: PMC8421246 DOI: 10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v18.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we provide a reformulation of the theory originally proposed by Förster which allows for simple and convenient formulas useful to estimate the relative contributions of transition dipole moments of a donor and acceptor (chemical factors), their orientation factors (intermolecular structural factors), intermolecular center-to-center distances (intermolecular structural factors), spectral overlaps of absorption and emission spectra (photophysical factors), and refractive index (material factor) to the excitation energy transfer (EET) rate constant. To benchmark their validity, we focused on the EET occurring in C-phycocyanin (C-PC) chromophores. To this aim, we resorted to quantum chemistry calculations to get optimized molecular structures of the C-PC chromophores within the density functional theory (DFT) framework. The absorption and emission spectra, as well as transition dipole moments, were computed by using the time-dependent DFT (TDDFT). Our method was applied to several types of C-PCs showing that the EET rates are determined by an interplay of their specific physical, chemical, and geometrical features. These results show that our formulas can become a useful tool for a reliable estimation of the relative contributions of the factors regulating the EET transfer rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Mishima
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shoji
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.,JST-PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Umena
- Department of Physiology, Division of Biophysics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Mauro Boero
- University of Strasbourg, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, France
| | - Yasuteru Shigeta
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
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17
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Zheng L, Zheng Z, Li X, Wang G, Zhang K, Wei P, Zhao J, Gao N. Structural insight into the mechanism of energy transfer in cyanobacterial phycobilisomes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5497. [PMID: 34535665 PMCID: PMC8448738 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25813-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Phycobilisomes (PBS) are the major light-harvesting machineries for photosynthesis in cyanobacteria and red algae and they have a hierarchical structure of a core and peripheral rods, with both consisting of phycobiliproteins and linker proteins. Here we report the cryo-EM structures of PBS from two cyanobacterial species, Anabaena 7120 and Synechococcus 7002. Both PBS are hemidiscoidal in shape and share a common triangular core structure. While the Anabaena PBS has two additional hexamers in the core linked by the 4th linker domain of ApcE (LCM). The PBS structures predict that, compared with the PBS from red algae, the cyanobacterial PBS could have more direct routes for energy transfer to ApcD. Structure-based systematic mutagenesis analysis of the chromophore environment of ApcD and ApcF subunits reveals that aromatic residues are critical to excitation energy transfer (EET). The structures also suggest that the linker protein could actively participate in the process of EET in both rods and the cores. These results provide insights into the organization of chromophores and the mechanisms of EET within cyanobacterial PBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lvqin Zheng
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Zhenggao Zheng
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China ,grid.410645.20000 0001 0455 0905College of Life Science, Qingdao University, 266071 Qingdao, China
| | - Xiying Li
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Guopeng Wang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Peijun Wei
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Jindong Zhao
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China ,grid.429211.d0000 0004 1792 6029Key Laboratory of Phycology of CAS, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 430072 Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Ning Gao
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
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18
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Puzorjov A, Dunn KE, McCormick AJ. Production of thermostable phycocyanin in a mesophilic cyanobacterium. Metab Eng Commun 2021; 13:e00175. [PMID: 34168957 PMCID: PMC8209669 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2021.e00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Phycocyanin (PC) is a soluble phycobiliprotein found within the light-harvesting phycobilisome complex of cyanobacteria and red algae, and is considered a high-value product due to its brilliant blue colour and fluorescent properties. However, commercially available PC has a relatively low temperature stability. Thermophilic species produce more thermostable variants of PC, but are challenging and energetically expensive to cultivate. Here, we show that the PC operon from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1 (cpcBACD) is functional in the mesophile Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Expression of cpcBACD in an 'Olive' mutant strain of Synechocystis lacking endogenous PC resulted in high yields of thermostable PC (112 ± 1 mg g-1 DW) comparable to that of endogenous PC in wild-type cells. Heterologous PC also improved the growth of the Olive mutant, which was further supported by evidence of a functional interaction with the endogenous allophycocyanin core of the phycobilisome complex. The thermostability properties of the heterologous PC were comparable to those of PC from T. elongatus, and could be purified from the Olive mutant using a low-cost heat treatment method. Finally, we developed a scalable model to calculate the energetic benefits of producing PC from T. elongatus in Synechocystis cultures. Our model showed that the higher yields and lower cultivation temperatures of Synechocystis resulted in a 3.5-fold increase in energy efficiency compared to T. elongatus, indicating that producing thermostable PC in non-native hosts is a cost-effective strategy for scaling to commercial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Puzorjov
- SynthSys & Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Katherine E Dunn
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, UK
| | - Alistair J McCormick
- SynthSys & Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
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19
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Hirota Y, Serikawa H, Kawakami K, Ueno M, Kamiya N, Kosumi D. Ultrafast energy transfer dynamics of phycobilisome from Thermosynechococcus vulcanus, as revealed by ps fluorescence and fs pump-probe spectroscopies. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 148:181-190. [PMID: 33997927 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00844-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial photosynthetic systems efficiently capture sunlight using the pigment-protein megacomplexes, phycobilisome (PBS). The energy is subsequently transferred to photosystem I (PSI) and II (PSII), to produce electrochemical potentials. In the present study, we performed picosecond (ps) time-resolved fluorescence and femtosecond (fs) pump-probe spectroscopies on the intact PBS from a thermophilic cyanobacterium, Thermosynechococcus vulcanus, to reveal excitation energy transfer dynamics in PBS. The photophysical properties of the intact PBS were well characterized by spectroscopic measurements covering wide temporal range from femtoseconds to nanoseconds. The ps fluorescence measurements excited at 570 nm, corresponding to the higher energy of the phycocyanin (PC) absorption band, demonstrated the excitation energy transfer from the PC rods to the allophycocyanin (APC) core complex as well as the energy transfer in the APC core complex. Then, the fs pump-probe measurements revealed the detailed energy transfer dynamics in the PC rods taking place in an ultrafast time scale. The results obtained in this study provide the full picture of the funnel-type excitation energy transfer with rate constants of (0.57 ps)-1 → (7.3 ps)-1 → (53 ps)-1 → (180 ps)-1 → (1800 ps)-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Hirota
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroki Serikawa
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawakami
- Biostructual Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN Spring-8 Center, 1-1-1, Sayo, Kouto, Hyougo, 679-5148, Japan.
| | - Masato Ueno
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kamiya
- The OCU Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kosumi
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
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20
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Structural implications for a phycobilisome complex from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vulcanus. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148458. [PMID: 34062150 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phycobilisomes (PBSs) are huge, water-soluble light-harvesting complexes used by oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. The structures of some subunits of the PBSs, including allophycocyanin (APC) and phycocyanin (PC), have been solved by X-ray crystallography previously. However, there are few reports on the overall structures of PBS complexes in photosynthetic organisms. Here, we report the overall structure of the PBS complex isolated from the cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vulcanus, determined by negative-staining electron microscopy (EM). Intact PBS complexes were purified by trehalose density gradient centrifugation with a high-concentration phosphate buffer and then subjected to a gradient-fixation preparation using glutaraldehyde. The final map constructed by the single-particle analysis of EM images showed a hemidiscoidal structure of the PBS, consisting of APC cores and peripheral PC rods. The APC cores are composed of five cylinders: A1, A2, B, C1, and C2. Each of the cylinders is composed of three (A1 and A2), four (B), or two (C1 and C2) APC trimers. In addition, there are eight PC rods in the PBS: one bottom pair (Rb and Rb'), one top pair (Rt and Rt'), and two side pairs (Rs1/Rs1' and Rs2/Rs2'). Comparison with the overall structures of PBSs from other organisms revealed structural characteristics of T. vulcanus PBS.
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21
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Sarrou I, Feiler CG, Falke S, Peard N, Yefanov O, Chapman H. C-phycocyanin as a highly attractive model system in protein crystallography: unique crystallization properties and packing-diversity screening. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2021; 77:224-236. [PMID: 33559611 PMCID: PMC7869899 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798320016071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique crystallization properties of the antenna protein C-phycocyanin (C-PC) from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus are reported and discussed. C-PC crystallizes in hundreds of significantly different conditions within a broad pH range and in the presence of a wide variety of precipitants and additives. Remarkably, the crystal dimensions vary from a few micrometres, as used in serial crystallography, to several hundred micrometres, with a very diverse crystal morphology. More than 100 unique single-crystal X-ray diffraction data sets were collected from randomly selected crystals and analysed. The addition of small-molecule additives revealed three new crystal packings of C-PC, which are discussed in detail. The high propensity of this protein to crystallize, combined with its natural blue colour and its fluorescence characteristics, make it an excellent candidate as a superior and highly adaptable model system in crystallography. C-PC can be used in technical and methods development approaches for X-ray and neutron diffraction techniques, and as a system for comprehending the fundamental principles of protein crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosifina Sarrou
- Centre for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian G. Feiler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Falke
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, Universität Hamburg, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nolan Peard
- Centre for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Oleksandr Yefanov
- Centre for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henry Chapman
- Centre for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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22
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Ciccone L, Vandooren J, Nencetti S, Orlandini E. Natural Marine and Terrestrial Compounds as Modulators of Matrix Metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 in Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:86. [PMID: 33498927 PMCID: PMC7911533 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported neuroprotective effects by natural products. A wide range of natural compounds have been investigated, and some of these may play a beneficial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases, have been implicated in AD. In particular, MMP-2 and MMP-9 are able to trigger several neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative pathways. In this review, we summarize and discuss existing literature on natural marine and terrestrial compounds, as well as their ability to modulate MMP-2 and MMP-9, and we evaluate their potential as therapeutic compounds for neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases, with a focus on Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Jennifer Vandooren
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, KU Leuven—Herestraat 49—Box 1044, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Susanna Nencetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (S.N.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD), University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Orlandini
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Research Center “E. Piaggio”, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy
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23
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Kikuchi H. Functional roles of the hexamer structure of C-phycocyanin revealed by calculation of absorption wavelength. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:164-172. [PMID: 33190413 PMCID: PMC7780113 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanophyta-phycocyanin (C-PC) is the main constituent of the rod of phycobilisome (PBS), which is a highly ordered and large peripheral light-harvesting protein complex present on the cytoplasmic side of the thylakoid membrane in cyanobacteria and red algae. The C-PC monomer comprises two chains, α- and β-subunits, and aggregates to form ring-shaped trimers (αβ)3 with rotational symmetry. The ring-shaped trimer (αβ)3 is a structural block unit (SBU) that forms the rod of PBS. Two (αβ)3 SBUs are arranged in a face-to-face manner to form an (αβ)6 -hexamer. In this study, the electronic states of three phycocyanobilins, α84, β84, and β155 in C-phycocyanin, constituting the rod of the PBS, were calculated for both the trimer and hexamer models by considering the effect of the electrostatic field of protein moieties and water molecules. For the hexamer, the absorption wavelengths of α84, β84, and β155 were similar to those obtained experimentally; however, for the trimer, only the absorption wavelength of β155 shifted toward a shorter-wavelength. The nature of the hexamer structure as a hierarchical structure is revealed by considering the calculated absorption wavelength and energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Kikuchi
- Department of PhysicsNippon Medical SchoolMusashinoJapan
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24
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Sonani RR, Roszak AW, Liu H, Gross ML, Blankenship RE, Madamwar D, Cogdell RJ. Revisiting high-resolution crystal structure of Phormidium rubidum phycocyanin. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 144:349-360. [PMID: 32303893 PMCID: PMC7491960 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00746-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The crystal structure of phycocyanin (pr-PC) isolated from Phormidium rubidum A09DM (P. rubidum) is described at a resolution of 1.17 Å. Electron density maps derived from crystallographic data showed many clear differences in amino acid sequences when compared with the previously obtained gene-derived sequences. The differences were found in 57 positions (30 in α-subunit and 27 in β-subunit of pr-PC), in which all residues except one (β145Arg) are not interacting with the three phycocyanobilin chromophores. Highly purified pr-PC was then sequenced by mass spectrometry (MS) using LC-MS/MS. The MS data were analyzed using two independent proteomic search engines. As a result of this analysis, complete agreement between the polypeptide sequences and the electron density maps was obtained. We attribute the difference to multiple genes in the bacterium encoding the phycocyanin apoproteins and that the gene sequencing sequenced the wrong ones. We are not implying that protein sequencing by mass spectrometry is more accurate than that of gene sequencing. The final 1.17 Å structure of pr-PC allows the chromophore interactions with the protein to be described with high accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi R Sonani
- Post-Graduate Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Bakrol, Anand, Gujarat, 388 315, India
- Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Aleksander W Roszak
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Haijun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Michael L Gross
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Robert E Blankenship
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Datta Madamwar
- Post-Graduate Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Bakrol, Anand, Gujarat, 388 315, India.
| | - Richard J Cogdell
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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25
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Hu PP, Hou JY, Xu YL, Niu NN, Zhao C, Lu L, Zhou M, Scheer H, Zhao KH. The role of lyases, NblA and NblB proteins and bilin chromophore transfer in restructuring the cyanobacterial light-harvesting complex ‡. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:529-540. [PMID: 31820831 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phycobilisomes are large light-harvesting complexes attached to the stromal side of thylakoids in cyanobacteria and red algae. They can be remodeled or degraded in response to changing light and nutritional status. Both the core and the peripheral rods of phycobilisomes contain biliproteins. During biliprotein biosynthesis, open-chain tetrapyrrole chromophores are attached covalently to the apoproteins by dedicated lyases. Another set of non-bleaching (Nb) proteins has been implicated in phycobilisome degradation, among them NblA and NblB. We report in vitro experiments with lyases, biliproteins and NblA/B which imply that the situation is more complex than currently discussed: lyases can also detach the chromophores and NblA and NblB can modulate lyase-catalyzed binding and detachment of chromophores in a complex fashion. We show: (i) NblA and NblB can interfere with chromophorylation as well as chromophore detachment of phycobiliprotein, they are generally inhibitors but in some cases enhance the reaction; (ii) NblA and NblB promote dissociation of whole phycobilisomes, cores and, in particular, allophycocyanin trimers; (iii) while NblA and NblB do not interact with each other, both interact with lyases, apo- and holo-biliproteins; (iv) they promote synergistically the lyase-catalyzed chromophorylation of the β-subunit of the major rod component, CPC; and (v) they modulate lyase-catalyzed and lyase-independent chromophore transfers among biliproteins, with the core protein, ApcF, the rod protein, CpcA, and sensory biliproteins (phytochromes, cyanobacteriochromes) acting as potential traps. The results indicate that NblA/B can cooperate with lyases in remodeling the phycobilisomes to balance the metabolic requirements of acclimating their light-harvesting capacity without straining the overall metabolic economy of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Yun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan-Nan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Hugo Scheer
- Department Biologie I, Universität München, Menzinger Str. 67, D-80638, München, Germany
| | - Kai-Hong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
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26
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Wan DH, Ma XY, Lin C, Zhu DH, Li X, Zheng BY, Li J, Ke MR, Huang JD. Noncovalent Indocyanine Green Conjugate of C-Phycocyanin: Preparation and Tumor-Associated Macrophages-Targeted Photothermal Therapeutics. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1438-1448. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hua Wan
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Xin-Yue Ma
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Chen Lin
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Deng-Hui Zhu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Xingshu Li
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Bi-Yuan Zheng
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Mei-Rong Ke
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
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27
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Patel HM, Roszak AW, Madamwar D, Cogdell RJ. Crystal structure of phycocyanin from heterocyst-forming filamentous cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. WR13. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 135:62-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Adir N, Bar-Zvi S, Harris D. The amazing phycobilisome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1861:148047. [PMID: 31306623 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria and red-algae share a common light-harvesting complex which is different than all other complexes that serve as photosynthetic antennas - the Phycobilisome (PBS). The PBS is found attached to the stromal side of thylakoid membranes, filling up most of the gap between individual thylakoids. The PBS self assembles from similar homologous protein units that are soluble and contain conserved cysteine residues that covalently bind the light absorbing chromophores, linear tetra-pyrroles. Using similar construction principles, the PBS can be as large as 16.8 MDa (68×45×39nm), as small as 1.2 MDa (24 × 11.5 × 11.5 nm), and in some unique cases smaller still. The PBS can absorb light between 450 nm to 650 nm and in some cases beyond 700 nm, depending on the species, its composition and assembly. In this review, we will present new observations and structures that expand our understanding of the distinctive properties that make the PBS an amazing light harvesting system. At the end we will suggest why the PBS, for all of its excellent properties, was discarded by photosynthetic organisms that arose later in evolution such as green algae and higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Adir
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
| | - Shira Bar-Zvi
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Dvir Harris
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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29
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Sasaki K, Popov I, Feldman Y. Water in the hydrated protein powders: Dynamic and structure. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:204504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5096881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kaito Sasaki
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ivan Popov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Yuri Feldman
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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30
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Kaldmäe M, Sahin C, Saluri M, Marklund EG, Landreh M. A strategy for the identification of protein architectures directly from ion mobility mass spectrometry data reveals stabilizing subunit interactions in light harvesting complexes. Protein Sci 2019; 28:1024-1030. [PMID: 30927297 PMCID: PMC6511732 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biotechnological applications of protein complexes require detailed information about their structure and composition, which can be challenging to obtain for proteins from natural sources. Prominent examples are the ring-shaped phycoerythrin (PE) and phycocyanin (PC) complexes isolated from the light-harvesting antennae of red algae and cyanobacteria. Despite their widespread use as fluorescent probes in biotechnology and medicine, the structures and interactions of their noncrystallizable central subunits are largely unknown. Here, we employ ion mobility mass spectrometry to reveal varying stabilities of the PC and PE complexes and identify their closest architectural homologues among all protein assemblies in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Our results suggest that the central subunits of PC and PE complexes, although absent from the crystal structures, may be crucial for their stability, and thus of unexpected importance for their biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Kaldmäe
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 23A, SE-171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cagla Sahin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 23A, SE-171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mihkel Saluri
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 25, 10120, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Erik G Marklund
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Landreh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 23A, SE-171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
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31
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Bar-Zvi S, Lahav A, Harris D, Niedzwiedzki DM, Blankenship RE, Adir N. Structural heterogeneity leads to functional homogeneity in A. marina phycocyanin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:544-553. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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32
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Gwizdala M, Krüger TPJ, Wahadoszamen M, Gruber JM, van Grondelle R. Phycocyanin: One Complex, Two States, Two Functions. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:1365-1371. [PMID: 29504765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Solar energy captured by pigments embedded in light-harvesting complexes can be transferred to neighboring pigments, dissipated, or emitted as fluorescence. Only when it reaches a reaction center is the excitation energy stabilized in the form of a charge separation and converted into chemical energy. Well-directed and regulated energy transfer within the network of pigments is therefore of crucial importance for the success of the photosynthetic processes. Using single-molecule spectroscopy, we show that phycocyanin can dynamically switch between two spectrally distinct states originating from two different conformations. Unexpectedly, one of the two states has a red-shifted emission spectrum. This state is not involved in energy dissipation; instead, we propose that it is involved in direct energy transfer to photosystem I. Finally, our findings suggest that the function of linker proteins in phycobilisomes is to stabilize one state or the other, thus controlling the light-harvesting functions of phycocyanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Gwizdala
- Department of Physics , University of Pretoria , Pretoria 0023 , South Africa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam 1081 HV , The Netherlands
| | - Tjaart P J Krüger
- Department of Physics , University of Pretoria , Pretoria 0023 , South Africa
| | - Md Wahadoszamen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam 1081 HV , The Netherlands
- Department of Physics , University of Dhaka , Dhaka 1000 , Bangladesh
| | - J Michael Gruber
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam 1081 HV , The Netherlands
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam 1081 HV , The Netherlands
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33
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Nganou C, Adir N, Mkandawire M. Cryospectroscopy Studies of Intact Light-Harvesting Antennas Reveal Empirical Electronic Energy Transitions in Two Cyanobacteria Species. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:3068-3078. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Collins Nganou
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and the Environment, Cape Breton University, P.O. Box 5300, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada B1P 6L2
| | - Noam Adir
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Martin Mkandawire
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and the Environment, Cape Breton University, P.O. Box 5300, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada B1P 6L2
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34
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Harris D, Bar-Zvi S, Lahav A, Goldshmid I, Adir N. The Structural Basis for the Extraordinary Energy-Transfer Capabilities of the Phycobilisome. Subcell Biochem 2018; 87:57-82. [PMID: 29464557 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-7757-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Light absorption is the initial step in the photosynthetic process. In all species, most of the light is absorbed by dedicated pigment-protein complexes called light harvesting complexes or antenna complexes. In the case of cyanobacteria and red-algae, photosynthetic organisms found in a wide variety of ecological niches, the major antenna is called the Phycobilisome (PBS). The PBS has many unique characteristics that sets it apart from the antenna complexes of other organisms (bacteria, algae and plants). These differences include the type of light absorbing chromophores, the protein environment of the chromophores, the method of assembly and association and the intercellular location with respect to the photosynthetic reaction centers (RCs). Since the final goal of all antenna complexes is the same - controlled absorption and transfer of the energy of the sun to the RCs, the unique structural and chemical differences of the PBS also require unique energy transfer mechanisms and pathways. In this review we will describe in detail the structural facets that lead to a mature PBS, followed by an attempt to understand the energy transfer properties of the PBS as they have been measured experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dvir Harris
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shira Bar-Zvi
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Avital Lahav
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Itay Goldshmid
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Noam Adir
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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35
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Shi Y, Cao X, Hu D, Gao H. Highly Branched Polymers with Layered Structures that Mimic Light‐Harvesting Processes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 57:516-520. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 305C McCourtney Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Xiaosong Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 305C McCourtney Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Daqiao Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 305C McCourtney Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Haifeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 305C McCourtney Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
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36
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Shi Y, Cao X, Hu D, Gao H. Highly Branched Polymers with Layered Structures that Mimic Light‐Harvesting Processes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 305C McCourtney Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Xiaosong Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 305C McCourtney Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Daqiao Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 305C McCourtney Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Haifeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 305C McCourtney Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
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37
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Kurzweil-Segev Y, Popov I, Eisenberg I, Yochelis S, Keren N, Paltiel Y, Feldman Y. Confined water dynamics in a hydrated photosynthetic pigment-protein complex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:28063-28070. [PMID: 28994836 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05417c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Water is of fundamental importance for life. It plays a critical role in all biological systems. In phycocyanin, a pigment-protein complex, the hydration level influences its absorption spectrum. However, there is currently a gap in the understanding of how protein interfaces affect water's structure and properties. This work presents combined dielectric and calorimetric measurements of hydrated phycocyanin with different levels of hydration in a broad temperature interval. Based on the dielectric and calorimetric tests, it was shown that two types of water exist in the phycocyanin hydration shell. One is confined water localized inside the phycocyanin ring and the second is the water that is embedded in the protein structure and participates in the protein solvation. The water confined in the phycocyanin ring melts at the temperature 195 ± 3 K and plays a role in the solvation at higher temperatures. Moreover, the dynamics of all types of water was found to be effected by the presence of the ionic buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Kurzweil-Segev
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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38
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Eisenberg I, Harris D, Levi-Kalisman Y, Yochelis S, Shemesh A, Ben-Nissan G, Sharon M, Raviv U, Adir N, Keren N, Paltiel Y. Concentration-based self-assembly of phycocyanin. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2017; 134:39-49. [PMID: 28577216 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria light-harvesting complexes can change their structure to cope with fluctuating environmental conditions. Studying in vivo structural changes is difficult owing to complexities imposed by the cellular environment. Mimicking this system in vitro is challenging, as well. The in vivo system is highly concentrated, and handling similar in vitro concentrated samples optically is difficult because of high absorption. In this research, we mapped the cyanobacteria antennas self-assembly pathways using highly concentrated solutions of phycocyanin (PC) that mimic the in vivo condition. PC was isolated from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vulcanus and measured by several methods. PC has three oligomeric states: hexamer, trimer, and monomer. We showed that the oligomeric state was changed upon increase of PC solution concentration. This oligomerization mechanism may enable photosynthetic organisms to adapt their light-harvesting system to a wide range of environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido Eisenberg
- Applied Physics Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Dvir Harris
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Yael Levi-Kalisman
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Applied Physics Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Asaf Shemesh
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Gili Ben-Nissan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Michal Sharon
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Uri Raviv
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Noam Adir
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Nir Keren
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied Physics Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel.
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel.
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39
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Jiang L, Wang Y, Yin Q, Liu G, Liu H, Huang Y, Li B. Phycocyanin: A Potential Drug for Cancer Treatment. J Cancer 2017; 8:3416-3429. [PMID: 29151925 PMCID: PMC5687155 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phycocyanin isolated from marine organisms has the characteristics of high efficiency and low toxicity, and it can be used as a functional food. It has been reported that phycocyanin has anti-oxidative function, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-cancer function, immune enhancement function, liver and kidney protection pharmacological effects. Thus, phycocyanin has an important development and utilization as a potential drug, and phycocyanin has become a new hot spot in the field of drug research. So far, there are more and more studies have shown that phycocyanin has the anti-cancer effect, which can block the proliferation of cancer cells and kill cancer cells. Phycocyanin exerts anti-cancer activity by blocking tumor cell cell cycle, inducing tumor cell apoptosis and autophagy, thereby phycocyanin can serve as a promising anti-cancer agent. This review discusses the therapeutic use of phycocyanin and focuses on the latest advances of phycocyanin as a promising anti-cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangqian Jiang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic medical college, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China, 266071
| | - Yujuan Wang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic medical college, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China, 266071
| | - Qifeng Yin
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic medical college, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China, 266071
| | - Guoxiang Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic medical college, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China, 266071
| | - Huihui Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic medical college, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China, 266071
| | - Yajing Huang
- Basic medical college, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China, 266071
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic medical college, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China, 266071
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40
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Light harvesting in phototrophic bacteria: structure and function. Biochem J 2017; 474:2107-2131. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review serves as an introduction to the variety of light-harvesting (LH) structures present in phototrophic prokaryotes. It provides an overview of the LH complexes of purple bacteria, green sulfur bacteria (GSB), acidobacteria, filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs (FAP), and cyanobacteria. Bacteria have adapted their LH systems for efficient operation under a multitude of different habitats and light qualities, performing both oxygenic (oxygen-evolving) and anoxygenic (non-oxygen-evolving) photosynthesis. For each LH system, emphasis is placed on the overall architecture of the pigment–protein complex, as well as any relevant information on energy transfer rates and pathways. This review addresses also some of the more recent findings in the field, such as the structure of the CsmA chlorosome baseplate and the whole-cell kinetics of energy transfer in GSB, while also pointing out some areas in need of further investigation.
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41
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Nganou C, Lackner G, Teschome B, Deen MJ, Adir N, Pouhe D, Lupascu DC, Mkandawire M. Energy Transfer Kinetics in Photosynthesis as an Inspiration for Improving Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:19030-19039. [PMID: 28497947 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Clues to designing highly efficient organic solar cells may lie in understanding the architecture of light-harvesting systems and exciton energy transfer (EET) processes in very efficient photosynthetic organisms. Here, we compare the kinetics of excitation energy tunnelling from the intact phycobilisome (PBS) light-harvesting antenna system to the reaction center in photosystem II in intact cells of the cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina with the charge transfer after conversion of photons into photocurrent in vertically aligned carbon nanotube (va-CNT) organic solar cells with poly(3-hexyl)thiophene (P3HT) as the pigment. We find that the kinetics in electron hole creation following excitation at 600 nm in both PBS and va-CNT solar cells to be 450 and 500 fs, respectively. The EET process has a 3 and 14 ps pathway in the PBS, while in va-CNT solar cell devices, the charge trapping in the CNT takes 11 and 258 ps. We show that the main hindrance to efficiency of va-CNT organic solar cells is the slow migration of the charges after exciton formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collins Nganou
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and the Environment, Cape Breton University , 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia B1P 6L2, Canada
| | - Gerhard Lackner
- Institute for Materials Science, University of Duisburg-Essen and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE) , Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Bezu Teschome
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Jamal Deen
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University , 1280 Main Street, West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Noam Adir
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa, 32000 Israel
| | - David Pouhe
- Reutlingen University of Applied Sciences , Alteburgstrase 150, 72762 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Doru C Lupascu
- Institute for Materials Science, University of Duisburg-Essen and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE) , Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Martin Mkandawire
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and the Environment, Cape Breton University , 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia B1P 6L2, Canada
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42
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Eisenberg I, Caycedo-Soler F, Harris D, Yochelis S, Huelga SF, Plenio MB, Adir N, Keren N, Paltiel Y. Regulating the Energy Flow in a Cyanobacterial Light-Harvesting Antenna Complex. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:1240-1247. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b10590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ido Eisenberg
- Applied
Physics Department and The Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Felipe Caycedo-Soler
- Institute
of Theoretical Physics, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Alle 11, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Dvir Harris
- Schulich
Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Applied
Physics Department and The Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Susana F. Huelga
- Institute
of Theoretical Physics, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Alle 11, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin B. Plenio
- Institute
of Theoretical Physics, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Alle 11, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Noam Adir
- Schulich
Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Nir Keren
- Department
of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Alexander Silberman Institute
of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied
Physics Department and The Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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43
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Structural and functional dynamics of tyrosine amino acid in phycocyanin of hot-spring cyanobacteria: A possible pathway for internal energy transfer. GENE REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Zlenko DV, Krasilnikov PM, Stadnichuk IN. Structural modeling of the phycobilisome core and its association with the photosystems. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2016; 130:347-356. [PMID: 27121945 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The phycobilisome (PBS) is a major light-harvesting complex in cyanobacteria and red algae. To obtain the detailed structure of the hemidiscoidal PBS core composed of allophycocyanin (APC) and minor polypeptide components, we analyzed all nine available 3D structures of APCs from different photosynthetic species and found several variants of crystal packing that potentially correspond to PBS core organization. Combination of face-to-face APC trimer crystal packing with back-to-back APC hexamer packing suggests two variants of the tricylindrical PBS core. To choose one of these structures, a computational model of the PBS core complex and photosystem II (PSII) dimer with minimized distance between the terminal PBS emitters and neighboring antenna chlorophylls was built. In the selected model, the distance between two types of pigments does not exceed 37 Å corresponding to the Förster mechanism of energy transfer. We also propose a model of PBS and photosystem I (PSI) monomer interaction showing a possibility of supercomplex formation and direct energy transfer from the PBS to PSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- D V Zlenko
- Biological faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin hills, 1/12, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| | - Pavel M Krasilnikov
- Biological faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin hills, 1/12, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Igor N Stadnichuk
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, Botanicheskaya st, 35, Moscow, Russia, 127276
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45
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Orange carotenoid protein burrows into the phycobilisome to provide photoprotection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E1655-62. [PMID: 26957606 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1523680113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In cyanobacteria, photoprotection from overexcitation of photochemical centers can be obtained by excitation energy dissipation at the level of the phycobilisome (PBS), the cyanobacterial antenna, induced by the orange carotenoid protein (OCP). A single photoactivated OCP bound to the core of the PBS affords almost total energy dissipation. The precise mechanism of OCP energy dissipation is yet to be fully determined, and one question is how the carotenoid can approach any core phycocyanobilin chromophore at a distance that can promote efficient energy quenching. We have performed intersubunit cross-linking using glutaraldehyde of the OCP and PBS followed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) to identify cross-linked residues. The only residues of the OCP that cross-link with the PBS are situated in the linker region, between the N- and C-terminal domains and a single C-terminal residue. These links have enabled us to construct a model of the site of OCP binding that differs from previous models. We suggest that the N-terminal domain of the OCP burrows tightly into the PBS while leaving the OCP C-terminal domain on the exterior of the complex. Further analysis shows that the position of the small core linker protein ApcC is shifted within the cylinder cavity, serving to stabilize the interaction between the OCP and the PBS. This is confirmed by a ΔApcC mutant. Penetration of the N-terminal domain can bring the OCP carotenoid to within 5-10 Å of core chromophores; however, alteration of the core structure may be the actual source of energy dissipation.
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46
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Gupta GD, Sonani RR, Sharma M, Patel K, Rastogi RP, Madamwar D, Kumar V. Crystal structure analysis of phycocyanin from chromatically adapted Phormidium rubidum A09DM. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12493c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural and sequence analyses of Phormidium phycocyanin revealed three co-evolving residues that determine the conformation of a phycocyanobilin chromophore believed to play role in alternate pathways for intra and inter-rod energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagan Deep Gupta
- Protein Crystallography Section
- Solid State Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC)
- Mumbai 400085
- India
| | - Ravi R. Sonani
- Post-Graduate Department of Biosciences
- UGC-Centre of Advanced Study
- Sardar Patel University
- Anand
- India
| | - Mahima Sharma
- Protein Crystallography Section
- Solid State Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC)
- Mumbai 400085
- India
| | - Krishna Patel
- Post-Graduate Department of Biosciences
- UGC-Centre of Advanced Study
- Sardar Patel University
- Anand
- India
| | - Rajesh P. Rastogi
- Post-Graduate Department of Biosciences
- UGC-Centre of Advanced Study
- Sardar Patel University
- Anand
- India
| | - Datta Madamwar
- Post-Graduate Department of Biosciences
- UGC-Centre of Advanced Study
- Sardar Patel University
- Anand
- India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Protein Crystallography Section
- Solid State Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC)
- Mumbai 400085
- India
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47
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Acuña AM, Snellenburg JJ, Gwizdala M, Kirilovsky D, van Grondelle R, van Stokkum IHM. Resolving the contribution of the uncoupled phycobilisomes to cyanobacterial pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry signals. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2016; 127:91-102. [PMID: 25893897 PMCID: PMC4673099 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-015-0141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry is extensively used to characterize photosynthetic organisms on the slow time-scale (1-1000 s). The saturation pulse method allows determination of the quantum yields of maximal (F(M)) and minimal fluorescence (F(0)), parameters related to the activity of the photosynthetic apparatus. Also, when the sample undergoes a certain light treatment during the measurement, the fluorescence quantum yields of the unquenched and the quenched states can be determined. In the case of cyanobacteria, however, the recorded fluorescence does not exclusively stem from the chlorophyll a in photosystem II (PSII). The phycobilins, the pigments of the cyanobacterial light-harvesting complexes, the phycobilisomes (PB), also contribute to the PAM signal, and therefore, F(0) and F(M) are no longer related to PSII only. We present a functional model that takes into account the presence of several fluorescent species whose concentrations can be resolved provided their fluorescence quantum yields are known. Data analysis of PAM measurements on in vivo cells of our model organism Synechocystis PCC6803 is discussed. Three different components are found necessary to fit the data: uncoupled PB (PB(free)), PB-PSII complexes, and free PSI. The free PSII contribution was negligible. The PB(free) contribution substantially increased in the mutants that lack the core terminal emitter subunits allophycocyanin D or allophycocyanin F. A positive correlation was found between the amount of PB(free) and the rate constants describing the binding of the activated orange carotenoid protein to PB, responsible for non-photochemical quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alonso M Acuña
- Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joris J Snellenburg
- Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michal Gwizdala
- Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Kirilovsky
- Institut de Biologie et Technologies de Saclay (iBiTec-S), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Ivo H M van Stokkum
- Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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48
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Nganou C, David L, Adir N, Mkandawire M. Linker proteins enable ultrafast excitation energy transfer in the phycobilisome antenna system of Thermosynechococcus vulcanus. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 15:31-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00285k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Comparison of kinetics of photoexcitation migration from PC620 to APC Core in extracted and intact pentacyclic phycobilisomes ofT. vulcanus. The extracted PBS does not have linker protein, while intact has them and they facilitate the migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Nganou
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and the Environment
- Cape Breton University
- Sydney
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry
| | - L. David
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - N. Adir
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - M. Mkandawire
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and the Environment
- Cape Breton University
- Sydney
- Canada
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49
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Chang L, Liu X, Li Y, Liu CC, Yang F, Zhao J, Sui SF. Structural organization of an intact phycobilisome and its association with photosystem II. Cell Res 2015; 25:726-37. [PMID: 25998682 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2015.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Phycobilisomes (PBSs) are light-harvesting antennae that transfer energy to photosynthetic reaction centers in cyanobacteria and red algae. PBSs are supermolecular complexes composed of phycobiliproteins (PBPs) that bear chromophores for energy absorption and linker proteins. Although the structures of some individual components have been determined using crystallography, the three-dimensional structure of an entire PBS complex, which is critical for understanding the energy transfer mechanism, remains unknown. Here, we report the structures of an intact PBS and a PBS in complex with photosystem II (PSII) from Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 using single-particle electron microscopy in combination with biochemical and molecular analyses. In the PBS structure, all PBP trimers and the conserved linker protein domains were unambiguously located, and the global distribution of all chromophores was determined. We provide evidence that ApcE and ApcF are critical for the formation of a protrusion at the bottom of PBS, which plays an important role in mediating PBS interaction with PSII. Our results provide insights into the molecular architecture of an intact PBS at different assembly levels and provide the basis for understanding how the light energy absorbed by PBS is transferred to PSII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leifu Chang
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [2] Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [3] Current address: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Xianwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanbing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Cui-Cui Liu
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [2] Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fan Yang
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [2] Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jindong Zhao
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China [2] Key Laboratory of Phycology of CAS, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Sen-Fang Sui
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [2] Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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50
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Crystal Structure of Allophycocyanin from Marine Cyanobacterium Phormidium sp. A09DM. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124580. [PMID: 25923120 PMCID: PMC4414346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated phycobilisome (PBS) sub-assemblies have been widely subjected to X-ray crystallography analysis to obtain greater insights into the structure-function relationship of this light harvesting complex. Allophycocyanin (APC) is the phycobiliprotein always found in the PBS core complex. Phycocyanobilin (PCB) chromophores, covalently bound to conserved Cys residues of α- and β- subunits of APC, are responsible for solar energy absorption from phycocyanin and for transfer to photosynthetic apparatus. In the known APC structures, heterodimers of α- and β- subunits (known as αβ monomers) assemble as trimer or hexamer. We here for the first time report the crystal structure of APC isolated from a marine cyanobacterium (Phormidium sp. A09DM). The crystal structure has been refined against all the observed data to the resolution of 2.51 Å to Rwork (Rfree) of 0.158 (0.229) with good stereochemistry of the atomic model. The Phormidium protein exists as a trimer of αβ monomers in solution and in crystal lattice. The overall tertiary structures of α- and β- subunits, and trimeric quaternary fold of the Phormidium protein resemble the other known APC structures. Also, configuration and conformation of the two covalently bound PCB chromophores in the marine APC are same as those observed in fresh water cyanobacteria and marine red algae. More hydrophobic residues, however, constitute the environment of the chromophore bound to α-subunit of the Phormidium protein, owing mainly to amino acid substitutions in the marine protein.
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