1
|
Ahmed M, Javeed A, Sikandar A, Ji M, Bai X, Gu Z. Antioxidant, insecticidal activity and chemical profiling of flower's extract of Parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296321. [PMID: 38848347 PMCID: PMC11161021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Parthenium hysterophorus L., an invasive alien species and notorious weed, offers various benefits to the medical and agrochemical industries. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and insecticidal activities of P. hysterophorus flower extract and conduct chemical profiling to identify the phytoconstituents responsible for these biological effects. The antioxidant activity was assessed using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, while gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis was employed for chemical configuration evaluation. Our findings demonstrate that the dichloromethane (DCM) extract of P. hysterophorus exhibits potent radical scavenging activity (95.03%). Additionally, phytochemical analysis revealed significant amounts of phenols and flavonoids in the distilled water and ethyl acetate extracts (103.30 GAEg-1 and 138.67 QEg-1, respectively). In terms of insecticidal activity, the flower extract displayed maximum mortality rates of 63.33% and 46.67% after 96 hours of exposure at concentrations of 1000 μgmL-1 and 800 μgmL-1, respectively, with similar trends observed at 72 hours. Furthermore, the P. hysterophorus extracts exhibited LC50 values of 1446 μgmL-1 at 72 hours and 750 μgmL-1 at 96 hours. Imidacloprid, the positive control, demonstrated higher mortality rates at 96 hours (97.67%) and 72 hours (91.82%). Moreover, the antioxidant activity of P. hysterophorus extracts exhibited a strong correlation with phenols, flavonoids, and extract yield. GCMS analysis identified 13 chemical compounds, accounting for 99.99% of the whole extract. Ethanol extraction yielded the highest percentage of extract (4.34%), followed by distilled water (3.22%), ethyl acetate (3.17%), and dichloromethane (2.39%). The flower extract of P. hysterophorus demonstrated significant antioxidant and insecticidal activities, accompanied by the presence of valuable chemical compounds responsible for these biological effects, making it a promising alternative to synthetic agents. These findings provide a novel and fundamental basis for further exploration in purifying the chemical compounds for their biological activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maqsood Ahmed
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
- Department of Agriculture (Plant Protection), Pest Warning and Quality Control of Pesticides, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Ansar Javeed
- Henan University, Jinming Campus, Kaifeng City, Henan, China
| | - Aatika Sikandar
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Mingshan Ji
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xuejing Bai
- Shenyang Academy of Landscape- Gardening, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Zumin Gu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Antiamnesic Effects of Feralolide Isolated from Aloe vera Resin Miller against Learning Impairments Induced in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010161. [PMID: 36671023 PMCID: PMC9854566 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Feralolide, a dihydroisocoumarin, was isolated from the methanolic extract of resin of Aloe vera. The present study aims to investigate the in vivo ability of feralolide to ameliorate memory impairment induced by scopolamine using a battery of in vitro assays, such as antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibition, and in vivo animal models, including elevated plus maze, Morris water maze, passive avoidance, and novel object recognition tests. Feralolide caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of AChE and BuChE enzymes with IC50 values of 55 and 52 μg/mL, respectively, and antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) with IC50 values 170 and 220 μg/mL, respectively. Feralolide reversed the scopolamine-induced amnesia as indicated by a dose-dependent decrease in escape latency, path length, and passing frequency in the Morris water maze test compared with the relevant control. The compound also significantly increased the discrimination index in a dose-dependent manner in NORT and decreased transfer latency in EPM, reflective of its memory-enhancing effect. Furthermore, feralolide also caused significant dose-dependent elevation in the step-down latency (SDL) in the passive avoidance test. The results indicated that feralolide might be a helpful memory restorative mediator in treating cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Collapse
|
3
|
Grasso G, Di Gregorio A, Mavkov B, Piga D, Labate GFD, Danani A, Deriu MA. Fragmented blind docking: a novel protein-ligand binding prediction protocol. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:13472-13481. [PMID: 34641761 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1988709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper we propose a novel blind docking protocol based on Autodock-Vina. The developed docking protocol can provide binding site identification and binding pose prediction at the same time, by a systematical exploration of the protein volume performed with several preliminary docking calculations. In our opinion, this protocol can be successfully applied during the first steps of the virtual screening pipeline, because it provides binding site identification and binding pose prediction at the same time without visual evaluation of the binding site. After the binding pose prediction, MM/GBSA re-scoring rescoring procedures has been applied to improve the accuracy of the protein-ligand bound state. The FRAD protocol has been tested on 116 protein-ligand complexes of the Heat Shock Protein 90 - alpha, on 176 of Human Immunodeficiency virus protease 1, and on more than 100 protein-ligand system taken from the PDBbind dataset. Overall, the FRAD approach combined to MM/GBSA re-scoring can be considered as a powerful tool to increase the accuracy and efficiency with respect to other standard docking approaches when the ligand-binding site is unknown.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianvito Grasso
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence, IDSIA - USI/SUPSI, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
| | - Arianna Di Gregorio
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence, IDSIA - USI/SUPSI, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland.,PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
| | - Bojan Mavkov
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence, IDSIA - USI/SUPSI, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
| | - Dario Piga
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence, IDSIA - USI/SUPSI, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
| | | | - Andrea Danani
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence, IDSIA - USI/SUPSI, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
| | - Marco A Deriu
- PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
van der Westhuizen CJ, Stander A, Riley DL, Panayides JL. Discovery of Novel Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors by Virtual Screening, In Vitro Screening, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:1550-1572. [PMID: 35139637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c01443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease and currently poses a significant socioeconomic problem. This study describes the uses of computer-aided drug discovery techniques to identify novel inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, a target for Alzheimer's disease. High-throughput virtual screening was employed to predict potential inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase. Validation of enrichment was performed with the DUD-E data set, showing that an ensemble of binding pocket conformations is critical when a diverse set of ligands are being screened. A total of 720 compounds were submitted for in vitro screening, which led to 25 hits being identified with IC50 values of less than 50 μM. The majority of these hits belonged to two scaffolds: 1-ethyl-3-methoxy-3-methylpyrrolidine and 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridin-6-amine both of which are noted to be promising compounds for further optimization. As various possible binding poses were suggested from molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations were employed to validate the poses. In the case of the most active compounds identified, a critical, stable water bridge formed deep within the binding pocket was identified potentially explaining in part the lack of activity for subsets of compounds that are not able to form this water bridge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Johan van der Westhuizen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Pretoria 0028, South Africa.,Pharmaceutical Technologies, CSIR Future Production: Chemicals, Meiring Naudé Road, Pretoria 0184, South Africa
| | - André Stander
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Pretoria 0031, South Africa
| | - Darren L Riley
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Jenny-Lee Panayides
- Pharmaceutical Technologies, CSIR Future Production: Chemicals, Meiring Naudé Road, Pretoria 0184, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
In silico data mining of large-scale databases for the virtual screening of human interleukin-2 inhibitors. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2021; 71:33-56. [PMID: 32697741 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2021-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is involved in the activation and differentiation of T-helper cells. Uncontrolled activated T cells play a key role in the pathophysiology by stimulating inflammation and autoimmune diseases like arthritis, psoriasis and Crohn's disease. T cells activation can be suppressed either by preventing IL-2 production or blocking the IL-2 interaction with its receptor. Hence, IL-2 is now emerging as a target for novel therapeutic approaches in several autoimmune disorders. This study was carried out to set up an effective virtual screening (VS) pipeline for IL-2. Four docking/scoring approaches (FRED, MOE, GOLD and Surflex-Dock) were compared in the re-docking process to test their performance in producing correct binding modes of IL-2 inhibitors. Surflex-Dock and FRED were the best in predicting the native pose in its top-ranking position. Shapegauss and CGO scoring functions identified the known inhibitors of IL-2 in top 1, 5 and 10 % of library and differentiated binders from non-binders efficiently with average AUC of > 0.9 and > 0.7, resp. The applied docking protocol served as a basis for the VS of a large database that will lead to the identification of more active compounds against IL-2.
Collapse
|
6
|
Exploring the Antihyperglycemic Chemical Composition and Mechanisms of Tea Using Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8871088. [PMID: 33343682 PMCID: PMC7725569 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8871088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tea, a widely consumed beverage, has long been utilized for promoting human health with a close correlation to hyperglycemia. The Tea Metabolome Database (TMDB), the most complete and comprehensive curated collection of tea compounds data containing 1271 identified small molecule compounds from the tea plant (Camellia sinensis), was established previously by our research team. More recently, our studies have found that various tea types possess an antihyperglycemic effect in mice. However, the bioactive ingredients from tea have potential antihyperglycemic activity and their underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we used a molecular docking approach to investigate the potential interactions between a selected 747 constituents contained in tea and 11 key protein targets of clinical antihyperglycemic drugs. According to our results, the main antihyperglycemic targets of tea composition were consistent with those of the drug rosiglitazone. The screening results showed that GCG, ECG3'Me, TMDB-01443, and CG had great target binding capacity. The results indicated that these chemicals of tea might affect hyperglycemia by acting on protein targets of rosiglitazone.
Collapse
|
7
|
Shamshad H, Hafiz A, Althagafi II, Saeed M, Mirza AZ. Characterization of the Trypanosoma brucei Pteridine Reductase Active- Site using Computational Docking and Virtual Screening Techniques. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2020; 16:583-598. [DOI: 10.2174/1573409915666190827163327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Human African trypanosomiasis is a fatal disease prevalent in approximately
36 sub-Saharan countries. Emerging reports of drug resistance in Trypanosoma brucei are a serious
cause of concern as only limited drugs are available for the treatment of the disease. Pteridine reductase
is an enzyme of Trypanosoma brucei.
Methods:
It plays a critical role in the pterin metabolic pathway that is absolutely essential for its survival
in the human host. The success of finding a potent inhibitor in structure-based drug design lies
within the ability of computational tools to efficiently and accurately dock a ligand into the binding
cavity of the target protein. Here we report the computational characterization of Trypanosoma brucei
pteridine reductase (Tb-PR) active-site using twenty-four high-resolution co-crystal structures with various
drugs. Structurally, the Tb-PR active site can be grouped in two clusters; one with high Root Mean
Square Deviation (RMSD) of atomic positions and another with low RMSD of atomic positions. These
clusters provide fresh insight for rational drug design against Tb-PR. Henceforth, the effect of several
factors on docking accuracy, including ligand and protein flexibility were analyzed using Fred.
Results:
The online server was used to analyze the side chain flexibility and four proteins were selected
on the basis of results. The proteins were subjected to small-scale virtual screening using 85 compounds,
and statistics were calculated using Bedroc and roc curves. The enrichment factor was also calculated
for the proteins and scoring functions. The best scoring function was used to understand the ligand
protein interactions with top common compounds of four proteins. In addition, we made a 3D
structural comparison between the active site of Tb-PR and Leishmania major pteridine reductase (Lm-
PR). We described key structural differences between Tb-PR and Lm-PR that can be exploited for rational
drug design against these two human parasites.
Conclusion:
The results indicated that relying just on re-docking and cross-docking experiments for
virtual screening of libraries isn’t enough and results might be misleading. Hence it has been suggested
that small scale virtual screening should be performed prior to large scale screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hina Shamshad
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Hafiz
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail I. Althagafi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Saeed
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi- 75270, Pakistan
| | - Agha Zeeshan Mirza
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
An activity prediction model for steroidal and triterpenoidal inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase enzyme. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2020; 34:1079-1090. [PMID: 32632601 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-020-00324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the importance of computational methods in the design of therapeutic agents in a more efficient way is indisputable. Particularly, these methods have been important in the design of novel acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibitors related to Alzheimer's disease. In this sense, in this report a computational model of linear prediction of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of steroids and triterpenes is presented. The model is based in a correlation between binding energies obtained from molecular dynamic simulations (after docking studies) and [Formula: see text] values of a training set. This set includes a family of natural and semi-synthetic structurally related alkaloids reported in bibliography. These types of compounds, with some structural complexity, could be used as building blocks for the synthesis of many important biologically active compounds Therefore, the present study proposes an alternative based on the use of conventional and easily accessible tools to make progress on the rational design of molecules with biological activity.
Collapse
|
9
|
Luo C, Hu G, Huang M, Zou J, Jiang Y. Prediction on separation factor of chiral arylhydantoin compounds and recognition mechanism between chiral stationary phase and the enantiomers. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 94:107479. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2019.107479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
10
|
Halim SA, Khan S, Khan A, Wadood A, Mabood F, Hussain J, Al-Harrasi A. Targeting Dengue Virus NS-3 Helicase by Ligand based Pharmacophore Modeling and Structure based Virtual Screening. Front Chem 2017; 5:88. [PMID: 29164104 PMCID: PMC5671650 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is an emerging public health concern, with several million viral infections occur annually, for which no effective therapy currently exist. Non-structural protein 3 (NS-3) Helicase encoded by the dengue virus (DENV) is considered as a potential drug target to design new and effective drugs against dengue. Helicase is involved in unwinding of dengue RNA. This study was conducted to design new NS-3 Helicase inhibitor by in silico ligand- and structure based approaches. Initially ligand-based pharmacophore model was generated that was used to screen a set of 1201474 compounds collected from ZINC Database. The compounds matched with the pharmacophore model were docked into the active site of NS-3 helicase. Based on docking scores and binding interactions, 25 compounds are suggested to be potential inhibitors of NS3 Helicase. The pharmacokinetic properties of these hits were predicted. The selected hits revealed acceptable ADMET properties. This study identified potential inhibitors of NS-3 Helicase in silico, and can be helpful in the treatment of Dengue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sobia A Halim
- Department of Biochemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shanza Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.,UoN Chair of Oman Medicinal Plants and Marine Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Shankar Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Mabood
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- UoN Chair of Oman Medicinal Plants and Marine Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zuo Y, Wu Q, Su SW, Niu CW, Xi Z, Yang GF. Synthesis, Herbicidal Activity, and QSAR of Novel N-Benzothiazolyl- pyrimidine-2,4-diones as Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:552-62. [PMID: 26728549 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO, E.C. 1.3.3.4) is known as a key action target for several structurally diverse herbicides. As a continuation of our research work on the development of new PPO-inhibiting herbicides, a series of novel 3-(2'-halo-5'-substituted-benzothiazol-1'-yl)-1-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diones 9 were designed and synthesized. The bioassay results indicated that a number of the newly synthesized compounds exhibited higher inhibition activity against tobacco PPO (mtPPO) than the controls, saflufenacil and sulfentrazone. Compound 9F-5 was identified as the most potent inhibitor with a Ki value of 0.0072 μM against mtPPO, showing about 4.2-fold and 1.4-fold higher potency than sulfentrazone (Ki = 0.03 μM) and saflufenacil (Ki = 0.01 μM), respectively. An additional green house assay demonstrated that compound 9F-6 (Ki = 0.012 μM) displayed the most promising postemergence herbicidal activity with a broad spectrum even at a concentration as low as 37.5 g of active ingredient (ai)/ha. Maize exhibits relative tolerance against compound 9F-6 at the dosage of 150 g ai/ha, but it is susceptible to saflufenacil even at 75 g ai/ha. Thus, compound 9F-6 exhibits the potential to be a new herbicide for weed control in maize fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Qiongyou Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Sun-Wen Su
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Cong-Wei Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Berg L, Mishra BK, Andersson CD, Ekström F, Linusson A. The Nature of Activated Non-classical Hydrogen Bonds: A Case Study on Acetylcholinesterase-Ligand Complexes. Chemistry 2016; 22:2672-81. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Berg
- Department of Chemistry; Umeå University; 901 87 Umeå Sweden
| | | | | | - Fredrik Ekström
- CBRN Defense and Security; Swedish Defense Research Agency; 906 21 Umeå Sweden
| | - Anna Linusson
- Department of Chemistry; Umeå University; 901 87 Umeå Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Acetylshikonin, a Novel AChE Inhibitor, Inhibits Apoptosis via Upregulation of Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression in SH-SY5Y Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:937370. [PMID: 24302971 PMCID: PMC3835493 DOI: 10.1155/2013/937370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are prominent alternative in current clinical treatment for AD patients. Therefore, there is a continued need to search for novel AChEIs with good clinical efficacy and less side effects. By using our in-house natural product database and AutoDock Vina as a tool in docking study, we have identified twelve phytochemicals (emodin, aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, and rhein in Rhei Radix Et Rhizoma; xanthotoxin, phellopterin, alloisoimperatorin, and imperatorin in Angelicae dahuricae Radix; shikonin, acetylshikonin, isovalerylshikonin, and β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin in Arnebiae Radix) as candidates of AChEIs that were not previously reported in the literature. In addition to AChEI activity, a series of cell-based experiments were conducted for the investigation of their neuroprotective activities. We found that acetylshikonin and its derivatives prevented apoptotic cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide in human and rat neuronal SH-SY5Y and PC12 cells at 10 μM. We showed that acetylshikonin exhibited the most potent antiapoptosis activity through the inhibition of the generation of reactive oxygen species as well as protection of the loss of mitochondria membrane potential. Furthermore, we identified for the first time that the upregulation of heme oxygenase 1 by acetylshikonin is a key step mediating its antiapoptotic activity from oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells.
Collapse
|
14
|
Rashad AA, Keller PA. Structure based design towards the identification of novel binding sites and inhibitors for the chikungunya virus envelope proteins. J Mol Graph Model 2013; 44:241-52. [PMID: 23911992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus is an emerging arbovirus that is widespread in tropical regions and is spreading quickly to temperate climates with recent epidemics in Africa, Asia, Europe and the Americas. It is having an increasingly major impact on humans with potentially life-threatening and debilitating arthritis. Thus far, neither vaccines nor medications are available to treat or control the virus and therefore, the development of medicinal chemistry is a vital and immediate issue that needs to be addressed. The viral envelope proteins play a major role during infection through mediation of binding and fusion with the infected cell surfaces. The possible binding target sites of the chikungunya virus envelope proteins have not previously been investigated; we describe here for the first time the identification of novel sites for potential binding on the chikungunya glycoprotein complexes and the identification of possible antagonists for these sites through virtual screening using two successive docking scores; FRED docking for fast precise screening, with the top hits then subjected to a ranking scoring using the AUTODOCK algorithm. Both the immature and the mature forms of the chikungunya envelope proteins were included in the study to increase the probability of finding positive and reliable hits. Some small molecules have been identified as good in silico chikungunya virus envelope proteins inhibitors and these could be good templates for drug design targeting this virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adel A Rashad
- Centre for Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Study of the interaction of Huperzia saururus Lycopodium alkaloids with the acetylcholinesterase enzyme. J Mol Graph Model 2013; 44:136-44. [PMID: 23827878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we describe and compare the binding modes of three Lycopodium alkaloids (sauroine, 6-hydroxylycopodine and sauroxine; isolated from Huperzia saururus) and huperzine A with the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Refinement and rescoring of the docking poses (obtained with different programs) with an all atom force field helped to improve the quality of the protein-ligand complexes. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the complexes and the alkaloid's binding modes. The combination of the latter two methodologies indicated that binding in the active site is favored for the active compounds. On the other hand, similar binding energies in both the active and the peripheral sites were obtained for sauroine, thus explaining its experimentally determined lack of activity. MM-GBSA predicted the order of binding energies in agreement with the experimental IC50 values.
Collapse
|
16
|
Yuriev E, Ramsland PA. Latest developments in molecular docking: 2010-2011 in review. J Mol Recognit 2013; 26:215-39. [PMID: 23526775 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Yuriev
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; Parkville; VIC; 3052; Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Andrade B, Souza C, Góes-Neto A. Molecular docking between the RNA polymerase of the Moniliophthora perniciosa mitochondrial plasmid and Rifampicin produces a highly stable complex. Theor Biol Med Model 2013; 10:15. [PMID: 23442217 PMCID: PMC3606170 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4682-10-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Moniliophthora perniciosa (Stahel) Aime & Phillips-Mora is the causal agent of witches’ broom disease (WBD) in cacao (Theobroma cacao). When the mitochondrial genome of this fungus had been completely sequenced, an integrated linear-type plasmid that encodes viral-like RNA polymerases was found. The structure of this polymerase was previously constructed using a homology modeling approach. Methods Using a virtual screening process, accessing the Kegg, PubChem and ZINC databases, we selected the eight most probable macrocyclic polymerase inhibitors to test against M. perniciosa RNA polymerase (RPO). AutoDock Vina was used to perform docking calculations for each molecule. This software returned affinity energy values for several ligand conformations. Subsequently, we used PyMOL 1.4 and Ligand Scout 3.1 to check the stereochemistry of chiral carbons, substructure, superstructure, number of rotatable bonds, number of rings, number of donor groups, and hydrogen bond receptors. Results On the basis of this evidence we selected Rifampicin, a bacterial RNA polymerase inhibitor, and then AMBER 12 was used to simulate the behavior of the RPO-Rifampicin complex after a set of 5000 ps and up to 300 K in water. This calculation returned a graph of potential energy against simulation time and showed that the ligand remained inside the active site after the simulation was complete, with an average energy of -15 x 102 Kcal/Mol. Conclusions The results indicate that Rifampicin could be a good inhibitor for testing in vitro and in vivo against M. perniciosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Andrade
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xu T, Wang J, Wang X, Slawecki R, Rubio F, Li J, Li QX. Comparison of four commercial enzymatic assay kits for the analysis of organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in vegetables. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
19
|
Berg L, Andersson CD, Artursson E, Hörnberg A, Tunemalm AK, Linusson A, Ekström F. Targeting acetylcholinesterase: identification of chemical leads by high throughput screening, structure determination and molecular modeling. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26039. [PMID: 22140425 PMCID: PMC3227566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an essential enzyme that terminates cholinergic transmission by rapid hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Compounds inhibiting this enzyme can be used (inter alia) to treat cholinergic deficiencies (e.g. in Alzheimer's disease), but may also act as dangerous toxins (e.g. nerve agents such as sarin). Treatment of nerve agent poisoning involves use of antidotes, small molecules capable of reactivating AChE. We have screened a collection of organic molecules to assess their ability to inhibit the enzymatic activity of AChE, aiming to find lead compounds for further optimization leading to drugs with increased efficacy and/or decreased side effects. 124 inhibitors were discovered, with considerable chemical diversity regarding size, polarity, flexibility and charge distribution. An extensive structure determination campaign resulted in a set of crystal structures of protein-ligand complexes. Overall, the ligands have substantial interactions with the peripheral anionic site of AChE, and the majority form additional interactions with the catalytic site (CAS). Reproduction of the bioactive conformation of six of the ligands using molecular docking simulations required modification of the default parameter settings of the docking software. The results show that docking-assisted structure-based design of AChE inhibitors is challenging and requires crystallographic support to obtain reliable results, at least with currently available software. The complex formed between C5685 and Mus musculus AChE (C5685•mAChE) is a representative structure for the general binding mode of the determined structures. The CAS binding part of C5685 could not be structurally determined due to a disordered electron density map and the developed docking protocol was used to predict the binding modes of this part of the molecule. We believe that chemical modifications of our discovered inhibitors, biochemical and biophysical characterization, crystallography and computational chemistry provide a route to novel AChE inhibitors and reactivators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Berg
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Elisabet Artursson
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andreas Hörnberg
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Anna Linusson
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- * E-mail: (FE); (AL)
| | - Fredrik Ekström
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Umeå, Sweden
- * E-mail: (FE); (AL)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|