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Viana P, Hamar P. Targeting the heat shock response induced by modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189069. [PMID: 38176599 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The Heat Shock Response (HSR) is a cellular stress reaction crucial for cell survival against stressors, including heat, in both healthy and cancer cells. Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) is an emerging non-invasive cancer therapy utilizing electromagnetic fields to selectively target cancer cells via temperature-dependent and independent mechanisms. However, mEHT triggers HSR in treated cells. Despite demonstrated efficacy in cancer treatment, understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms for improved therapeutic outcomes remains a focus. This review examines the HSR induced by mEHT in cancer cells, discussing potential strategies to modulate it for enhanced tumor-killing effects. Approaches such as HSF1 gene-knockdown and small molecule inhibitors like KRIBB11 are explored to downregulate the HSR and augment tumor destruction. We emphasize the impact of HSR inhibition on cancer cell viability, mEHT sensitivity, and potential synergistic effects, addressing challenges and future directions. This understanding offers opportunities for optimizing treatment strategies and advancing precision medicine in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Viana
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-49, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Péter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-49, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.
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2
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Goswami P, Samanta SK, Agarwal T, Ghosh SK. Stress-responsive AMP Kinase like protein regulates encystation of Entamoeba invadens. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2022; 251:111507. [PMID: 35870645 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2022.111507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Starvation is always accompanied by an increase in the ratio of AMP/ATP followed by activation of AMPK. It is one of the sensors for cellular energy status and is highly conserved across various species. Its role in the stage differentiation process of protozoan species like Giardia, Plasmodium, Trypanosome, and Toxoplasma has been reported. Since Entamoeba undergoes encystation in glucose-starved conditions; it intrigued us to investigate the existence and role of AMPK during the differentiation of trophozoites to the cyst. By employing in silico approaches, we have identified an AMPK homologue which is denominated here as EiAMPK (AMPK-like protein in Entamoeba invadens). Sequence and structural analysis indicate that EiAMPK is sequentially and structurally similar to the AMPK alpha subunit of other organisms. The recombinant form of EiAMPK was functionally active and in accordance, its activity was inhibited by an AMPK-specific inhibitor (eg. Compound C). The increased expression of EiAMPK during different stresses indicated that EiAMPK is a stress-responsive gene. To further investigate, whether EiAMPK has any role in encystation, we employed RNAi-mediated gene silencing that demonstrated its active involvement in encystation. It is known that Entamoeba maintains a flow of glucose from the glycolytic pathway to chitin synthesis for cyst wall formation during encystation. It is conceivable that EiAMPK might have a command over such glucose metabolism. As anticipated, the chitin synthesis was found greatly inhibited in both EiAMPK knockdown and Compound C treated cells, indicating that EiAMPK regulates the cyst wall chitin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyali Goswami
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sintu Kumar Samanta
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sudip K Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
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3
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Heat Shock Factors in Protein Quality Control and Spermatogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:181-199. [PMID: 36472823 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proper regulation of cellular protein quality control is crucial for cellular health. It appears that the protein quality control machinery is subjected to distinct regulation in different cellular contexts such as in somatic cells and in germ cells. Heat shock factors (HSFs) play critical role in the control of quality of cellular proteins through controlling expression of many genes encoding different proteins including those for inducible protein chaperones. Mammalian cells exert distinct mechanism of cellular functions through maintenance of tissue-specific HSFs. Here, we have discussed different HSFs and their functions including those during spermatogenesis. We have also discussed the different heat shock proteins induced by the HSFs and their activities in those contexts. We have also identified several small molecule activators and inhibitors of HSFs from different sources reported so far.
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Carpenter RL, Gökmen-Polar Y. HSF1 as a Cancer Biomarker and Therapeutic Target. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 19:515-524. [PMID: 30338738 DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666181018162117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) was discovered in 1984 as the master regulator of the heat shock response. In this classical role, HSF1 is activated following cellular stresses such as heat shock that ultimately lead to HSF1-mediated expression of heat shock proteins to protect the proteome and survive these acute stresses. However, it is now becoming clear that HSF1 also plays a significant role in several diseases, perhaps none more prominent than cancer. HSF1 appears to have a pleiotropic role in cancer by supporting multiple facets of malignancy including migration, invasion, proliferation, and cancer cell metabolism among others. Because of these functions, and others, of HSF1, it has been investigated as a biomarker for patient outcomes in multiple cancer types. HSF1 expression alone was predictive for patient outcomes in multiple cancer types but in other instances, markers for HSF1 activity were more predictive. Clearly, further work is needed to tease out which markers are most representative of the tumor promoting effects of HSF1. Additionally, there have been several attempts at developing small molecule inhibitors to reduce HSF1 activity. All of these HSF1 inhibitors are still in preclinical models but have shown varying levels of efficacy at suppressing tumor growth. The growth of research related to HSF1 in cancer has been enormous over the last decade with many new functions of HSF1 discovered along the way. In order for these discoveries to reach clinical impact, further development of HSF1 as a biomarker or therapeutic target needs to be continued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Carpenter
- Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States.,Department of Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States
| | - Yesim Gökmen-Polar
- Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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5
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18-GA-Suc Modified Liposome Loading Cantharidin for Augmenting Hepatic Specificity: Preparation, Characterization, Antitumor Effects, and Liver-Targeting Efficiency. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2038-2047. [PMID: 32173319 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cantharidin (CTD), a natural Chinese medicine constituent extracted from mylabris, is a potent drug against hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the clinical application of CTD was limited because of its toxicity and low solubility. In this work, a novel CTD-loaded liposome modified with 3-succinyl-30-stearyl glycyrrhetinic acid (18-GA-Suc-CTD-Lip) was prepared to enhance liver-targeting efficiency and antitumor activity. 18-GA-Suc-CTD-Lip and CTD-Lip were successfully prepared by film dispersion method and totally characterized. The antitumor effects in vitro were evaluated by cell proliferation inhibition assay, transwell assay, cell cycle analysis, and an apoptosis test. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution were all investigated to precisely reveal liver-targeting efficiency of 18-GA-Suc-CTD-Lip in vivo. The IC50 values of 18-GA-Suc-CTD-Lip in HepG2 (3.417 ± 0.165 nmol/L) and Huh-7 (4.478 ± 0.409 nmol/L) cells were much lower than that of CTD-Lip, indicating that antitumor effects of 18-GA-Suc-CTD-Lip were remarkable because of the modification of 18-GA-Suc. The maximum concentration in the liver of 18-GA-Suc-CTD-Lip (1.72 ± 0.14 μg/g) was more than twice CTD-Lip (0.75 ± 0.08 μg/g) at 30 min, illustrating that 18-GA-Suc-CTD-Lip possesses excellent liver-targeting efficiency. Conclusively, 18-GA-Suc-CTD-Lip could be a potential liver-targeting antitumor drug for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Kolackova M, Moulick A, Kopel P, Dvorak M, Adam V, Klejdus B, Huska D. Antioxidant, gene expression and metabolomics fingerprint analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana treated by foliar spraying of ZnSe quantum dots and their growth inhibition of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 365:932-941. [PMID: 30616304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology, new fascinating field of science, is bringing many application's options. However, it is necessary to understand their potential environmental risk and toxicity. Zinc selenide quantum dots (ZnSe QDs) are getting valuable due to wide industrial usage, mainly as cadmium free diodes or stabilizing ligand. Thanks to unique properties, they could also open the possibilities of application in the agriculture. Their effects on living organisms, including plants, are still unknown. Therefore, the attention of this work was given to antioxidant response of Arabidopsis thaliana to 100 and 250 μM ZnSe QDs foliar feeding. ZnSe QDs treatment had no statistically significant differences in morphology but led to increased antioxidant response in the leaves at the level of gene expression and production secondary antioxidant metabolites. Concurrently, analysis of growth properties of Agrobacterium tumefaciens was done. 250 μM ZnSe solution inhibited the Agrobacterium tumefaciens viability by 60%. This is the first mention about effect ZnSe QDs on the plants. Although QDs induced oxidative stress, the apply treatment dose of ZnSe QDs did not have significant toxic effect on the plants and even no morphological changes were observed. However, the same amount of ZnSe QD induced an inhibitory effect on Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Kolackova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Amitava Moulick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kopel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Dvorak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Borivoj Klejdus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Huska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Li N, Wang T, Li Z, Ye X, Deng B, Zhuo S, Yao P, Yang M, Mei H, Chen X, Zhu T, Chen S, Wang H, Wang J, Le Y. Dorsomorphin induces cancer cell apoptosis and sensitizes cancer cells to HSP90 and proteasome inhibitors by reducing nuclear heat shock factor 1 levels. Cancer Biol Med 2019; 16:220-233. [PMID: 31516744 PMCID: PMC6713636 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2018.0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), a transcriptional regulator of heat shock proteins (HSPs), is an attractive therapeutic target for cancer. However, only a few HSF1 inhibitors have been identified so far. Methods The mRNA and protein levels of HSF1, HSPs, cleaved PARP, and phosphorylated HSF1 were examined by real-time PCR and Western blot. Forced expression, RNA interference, and immunofluorescence assay were used for mechanistic studies. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by WST-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Xenograft studies were performed in nude mice to evaluate the effect of dorsomorphin and an HSP90 inhibitor on tumor growth. Results Dorsomorphin suppressed multiple stimuli-induced and constitutive HSPs expression in cancer cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that dorsomorphin reduced heat-induced HSP expression independent of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase. Dorsomorphin reduced heat-stimulated HSF1 Ser320 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, as well as resting nuclear HSF1 levels in cancer cells. Dorsomorphin induced cancer cell apoptosis by inhibiting HSF1 expression. A structure-activity study revealed that the 4-pyridyl at the 3-site of the pyrazolo [1, 5-a]pyrimidine ring is critical for the anti-HSF1 activities of dorsomorphin. Dorsomorphin sensitized cancer cells to HSP90 and proteasome inhibitors and inhibited HSP70 expression induced by these inhibitors in vitro. In tumor-bearing nude mice, dorsomorphin enhanced HSP90 inhibitor-induced cancer cell apoptosis, tumor growth inhibition, and HSP70 expression.
Conclusions Dorsomorphin is an HSF1 inhibitor. It induces cancer cell apoptosis, sensitizes cancer cells to both HSP90 and proteasome inhibitors, and suppresses HSP upregulation by these drugs, which may prevent the development of drug resistance. Hence, dorsomorphin and its derivates may serve as potential precursors for developing drugs against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ting Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zongmeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bo Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shu Zhuo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Pengle Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Mengmei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hong Mei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaofang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Tengfei Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shiting Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Jiming Wang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick 21702, MD, USA
| | - Yingying Le
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100022, China
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8
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Bálint M, Jeszenői N, Horváth I, van der Spoel D, Hetényi C. Systematic exploration of multiple drug binding sites. J Cheminform 2017; 9:65. [PMID: 29282592 PMCID: PMC5745209 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-017-0255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Targets with multiple (prerequisite or allosteric) binding sites have an increasing importance in drug design. Experimental determination of atomic resolution structures of ligands weakly bound to multiple binding sites is often challenging. Blind docking has been widely used for fast mapping of the entire target surface for multiple binding sites. Reliability of blind docking is limited by approximations of hydration models, simplified handling of molecular flexibility, and imperfect search algorithms. Results To overcome such limitations, the present study introduces Wrap ‘n’ Shake (WnS), an atomic resolution method that systematically “wraps” the entire target into a monolayer of ligand molecules. Functional binding sites are extracted by a rapid molecular dynamics shaker. WnS is tested on biologically important systems such as mitogen-activated protein, tyrosine-protein kinases, key players of cellular signaling, and farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, a target of antitumor agents.![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13321-017-0255-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónika Bálint
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, 7624, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Norbert Jeszenői
- MTA NAP-B Molecular Neuroendocrinology Group, Institute of Physiology, Szentágothai Research Center, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - István Horváth
- Chemistry Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - David van der Spoel
- Uppsala Center for Computational Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Uppsala, Box 596, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Csaba Hetényi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, 7624, Hungary.
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Polticelli F, Leboffe L, Tortosa V, Trezza V, Fanali G, Fasano M, Ascenzi P. Cantharidin inhibits competitively heme-Fe(III) binding to the FA1 site of human serum albumin. J Mol Recognit 2017; 30. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Polticelli
- Department of Sciences; Roma Tre University; Roma Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Roma Tre Section; Rome Italy
| | - Loris Leboffe
- Department of Sciences; Roma Tre University; Roma Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mauro Fasano
- Department of Science and High Technology; University of Insubria; Busto Arsizio Varese Italy
- Neuroscience Research Center; University of Insubria; Busto Arsizio Varese Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy; Roma Tre University; Roma Italy
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10
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Chen YF, Wang SY, Yang YH, Zheng J, Liu T, Wang L. Targeting HSF1 leads to an antitumor effect in human epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1564-1570. [PMID: 28487934 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Late diagnosis and lack of specific therapeutic targets contribute to the low survival rate of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. Therefore, the screening of diagnostic markers and the identification of therapeutic targets are urgently required. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in certain malignancies and to be involved in tumor initiation, development, transformation and metastasis. It is believed that HSF1 is a promising candidate for antitumor therapy. However, its expression pattern and function in ovarian cancer are far from being fully elucidated. Therefore, we examined the HSF1 expression in human EOC tissues, and evaluated its carcinogenesis-promoting activity in a xenograft tumor model. Examination of HSF1 expression in human EOC tissues was performed by immunohistochemical assay using ovarian tissue blots. Specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against HSF1 was employed to knockdown HSF1 in SKOV3 cells. Cell proliferative activity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometric analysis. In normal ovarian tissues, HSF1 was barely detected, whereas, high expression of HSF1 was found in malignant EOC tissues, including serous, mucinous, endometrioid, and clear cell EOC tissues. Suppressed proliferative activity and intensified apoptosis were observed in HSF1-knockdown SKOV3 cells. In nude mouse xenografts, downregulation of HSF1 was found to cause reduced carinogenesis, indicating the antitumor effect induced by modulation of HSF1 against EOC. Our findings suggest that HSF1 may be considered as a potential candidate diagnostic marker of human EOC, and that modulation of HSF1 could be a promising therapeutic strategy against human EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fei Chen
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Ying Wang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - You-Hui Yang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Ting Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
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Agarwal T, Annamalai N, Maiti TK, Arsad H. Biophysical changes of ATP binding pocket may explain loss of kinase activity in mutant DAPK3 in cancer: A molecular dynamic simulation analysis. Gene 2015; 580:17-25. [PMID: 26748242 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
DAPK3 belongs to family of DAPK (death-associated protein kinases) and is involved in the regulation of progression of the cell cycle, cell proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy. It is considered as a tumor suppressor kinase, suggesting the loss of its function in case of certain specific mutations. The T112M, D161N and P216S mutations in DAPK3 have been observed in cancer patients. These DAPK3 mutants have been associated with very low kinase activity, which results in the cellular progression towards cancer. However, a clear understanding of the structural and biophysical variations that occur in DAPK3 with these mutations, resulting in the decreased kinase activity has yet not been deciphered. We performed a molecular dynamic simulation study to investigate such structural variations. Our results revealed that mutations caused a significant structural variation in DAPK3, majorly concentrated in the flexible loops that form part of the ATP binding pocket. Interestingly, D161N and P216S mutations collapsed the ATP binding pocket through flexible loops invasion, hindering ATP binding which resulted in very low kinase activity. On the contrary, T112M mutant DAPK3 reduces ATP binding potential through outward distortion of flexible loops. In addition, the mutant lacked characteristic features of the active protein kinase including proper interaction between HR/FD and DFG motifs, well structured hydrophobic spine and Lys42-Glu64 salt bridge interaction. These observations could possibly explain the underlying mechanism associated with the loss of kinase activity with T112M, D161N and P216S mutation in DAPK3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, Pin: 721302, India.
| | - Nithyanan Annamalai
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Bertam, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Tapas Kumar Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, Pin: 721302, India.
| | - Hasni Arsad
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Bertam, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
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