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Troumbis AY. Imbalances in attitudes of European citizens towards biodiversity: Did the communication of the European Biodiversity Strategy work? J Nat Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2021.126041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Graham EB, Averill C, Bond-Lamberty B, Knelman JE, Krause S, Peralta AL, Shade A, Smith AP, Cheng SJ, Fanin N, Freund C, Garcia PE, Gibbons SM, Van Goethem MW, Guebila MB, Kemppinen J, Nowicki RJ, Pausas JG, Reed SP, Rocca J, Sengupta A, Sihi D, Simonin M, Słowiński M, Spawn SA, Sutherland I, Tonkin JD, Wisnoski NI, Zipper SC. Toward a Generalizable Framework of Disturbance Ecology Through Crowdsourced Science. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.588940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbances fundamentally alter ecosystem functions, yet predicting their impacts remains a key scientific challenge. While the study of disturbances is ubiquitous across many ecological disciplines, there is no agreed-upon, cross-disciplinary foundation for discussing or quantifying the complexity of disturbances, and no consistent terminology or methodologies exist. This inconsistency presents an increasingly urgent challenge due to accelerating global change and the threat of interacting disturbances that can destabilize ecosystem responses. By harvesting the expertise of an interdisciplinary cohort of contributors spanning 42 institutions across 15 countries, we identified an essential limitation in disturbance ecology: the word ‘disturbance’ is used interchangeably to refer to both the events that cause, and the consequences of, ecological change, despite fundamental distinctions between the two meanings. In response, we developed a generalizable framework of ecosystem disturbances, providing a well-defined lexicon for understanding disturbances across perspectives and scales. The framework results from ideas that resonate across multiple scientific disciplines and provides a baseline standard to compare disturbances across fields. This framework can be supplemented by discipline-specific variables to provide maximum benefit to both inter- and intra-disciplinary research. To support future syntheses and meta-analyses of disturbance research, we also encourage researchers to be explicit in how they define disturbance drivers and impacts, and we recommend minimum reporting standards that are applicable regardless of scale. Finally, we discuss the primary factors we considered when developing a baseline framework and propose four future directions to advance our interdisciplinary understanding of disturbances and their social-ecological impacts: integrating across ecological scales, understanding disturbance interactions, establishing baselines and trajectories, and developing process-based models and ecological forecasting initiatives. Our experience through this process motivates us to encourage the wider scientific community to continue to explore new approaches for leveraging Open Science principles in generating creative and multidisciplinary ideas.
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Assessment and Spatial Planning for Peatland Conservation and Restoration: Europe’s Trans-Border Neman River Basin as a Case Study. LAND 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/land10020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peatlands are the “kidneys” of river basins. However, intensification of agriculture and forestry in Europe has resulted in the degradation of peatlands and their biodiversity (i.e., species, habitats and processes in ecosystems), thus impairing water retention, nutrient filtration, and carbon capture. Restoration of peatlands requires assessment of patterns and processes, and spatial planning. To support strategic planning of protection, management, and restoration of peatlands, we assessed the conservation status of three peatland types within the trans-border Neman River basin. First, we compiled a spatial peatland database for the two EU and two non-EU countries involved. Second, we performed quantitative and qualitative gap analyses of fens, transitional mires, and raised bogs at national and sub-basin levels. Third, we identified priority areas for local peatland restoration using a local hotspot analysis. Nationally, the gap analysis showed that the protection of peatlands meets the Convention of Biological Diversity’s quantitative target of 17%. However, qualitative targets like representation and peatland qualities were not met in some regional sub-basins. This stresses that restoration of peatlands, especially fens, is required. This study provides an assessment methodology to support sub-basin-level spatial conservation planning that considers both quantitative and qualitative peatland properties. Finally, we highlight the need for developing and validating evidence-based performance targets for peatland patterns and processes and call for peatland restoration guided by social-ecological research and inter-sectoral collaborative governance.
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Morán‐López R, Cortés Gañán E, Uceda Tolosa O, Sánchez Guzmán JM. The umbrella effect of Natura 2000 annex species spreads over multiple taxonomic groups, conservation attributes and organizational levels. Anim Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Morán‐López
- Group of Investigation in Conservation Biology (GIC) Area of Zoology Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology Science Faculty University of Extremadura Badajoz Spain
| | - E. Cortés Gañán
- Group of Investigation in Conservation Biology (GIC) Area of Zoology Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology Science Faculty University of Extremadura Badajoz Spain
| | - O. Uceda Tolosa
- Group of Investigation in Conservation Biology (GIC) Area of Zoology Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology Science Faculty University of Extremadura Badajoz Spain
| | - J. M. Sánchez Guzmán
- Group of Investigation in Conservation Biology (GIC) Area of Zoology Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology Science Faculty University of Extremadura Badajoz Spain
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Baker DJ, Garnett ST, O'Connor J, Ehmke G, Clarke RH, Woinarski JCZ, McGeoch MA. Conserving the abundance of nonthreatened species. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2019; 33:319-328. [PMID: 30047186 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Human modification of the environment is driving declines in population size and distributional extent of much of the world's biota. These declines extend to many of the most abundant and widespread species, for which proportionally small declines can result in the loss of vast numbers of individuals, biomass, and interactions. These losses could have major localized effects on ecological and cultural processes and services without elevating a species' global extinction risk. Although most conservation effort is directed at species threatened with extinction in the very near term, the value of retaining abundance regardless of global extinction risk is justifiable based on many biodiversity or ecosystem service metrics, including cultural services, at scales from local to global. The challenges of identifying conservation priorities for widespread and abundant species include quantifying the effects of species' abundance on services and understanding how these effects are realized as populations decline. Negative effects of population declines may be disconnected from the threat processes driving declines because of species movements and environment flows (e.g., hydrology). Conservation prioritization for these species shares greater similarity with invasive species risk assessments than extinction risk assessments because of the importance of local context and per capita effects of abundance on other species. Because conservation priorities usually focus on preventing the extinction of threatened species, the rationale and objectives for incorporating declines of nonthreatened species must be clearly articulated, going beyond extinction risk to encompass the range of likely harmful effects (e.g., secondary extinctions, loss of ecosystem services) if declines persist or are not reversed. Research should focus on characterizing the effects of local declines in species that are not threatened globally across a range of ecosystem services and quantifying the spatial distribution of these effects through the distribution of abundance. The case for conserving abundance in nonthreatened species can be made most powerfully when the costs of losing this abundance are better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Baker
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Stephen T Garnett
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, N.T., 0909, Australia
| | - James O'Connor
- BirdLife Australia, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Glenn Ehmke
- BirdLife Australia, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Rohan H Clarke
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - John C Z Woinarski
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, N.T., 0909, Australia
| | - Melodie A McGeoch
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
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The Fitness Check of the Birds and Habitats Directives: A discourse analysis of stakeholders’ perspectives. J Nat Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rozylowicz L, Nita A, Manolache S, Popescu VD, Hartel T. Navigating protected areas networks for improving diffusion of conservation practices. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 230:413-421. [PMID: 30296679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Natura 2000 protected area network is the cornerstone of European Union's biodiversity conservation strategy. These protected areas range across multiple biogeographic regions, and they include a diversity of species assemblages along with a diversity of managing organizations, altogether making difficult to pool relevant sites to facilitate the flow of knowledge significant to their management. Here we introduce an approach to navigating protected area networks that has the potential to foster systematic identification of key sites for facilitating the exchange of knowledge and diffusion of information within the network. To demonstrate our approach, we abstractly represented Romanian Natura 2000 network as a co-occurrence network, with individual sites as nodes and shared species as edges, further combining into our analysis network topology, community detection, and network reduction methods. We identified most representative Natura 2000 sites that may increase the transfer of information within the national network of protected areas, detected clusters of sites and key sites for maintaining network cohesiveness, and highlighted the subsample of sites that retain the characteristics of the entire network. Our analysis provides implications for protected area prioritization by proposing a network perspective approach to collaboration rooted in ecological principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurentiu Rozylowicz
- Centre for Environmental Research and Impact Studies, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Nita
- Centre for Environmental Research and Impact Studies, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Steluta Manolache
- Centre for Environmental Research and Impact Studies, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viorel D Popescu
- Centre for Environmental Research and Impact Studies, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Tibor Hartel
- Centre for Environmental Research and Impact Studies, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Biology and Ecology in Hungarian, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Gippoliti S, Brito D, Cerfolli F, Franco D, Kryštufek B, Battisti C. Europe as a model for large carnivores conservation: Is the glass half empty or half full? J Nat Conserv 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Buffa G, Del Vecchio S, Fantinato E, Milano V. Local versus landscape-scale effects of anthropogenic land-use on forest species richness. ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gippoliti S, Capula M, Ficetola GF, Salvi D, Andreone F. Threatened by Legislative Conservationism? The Case of the Critically Endangered Aeolian Lizard. Front Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2017.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Maceda-Veiga A, Baselga A, Sousa R, Vilà M, Doadrio I, de Sostoa A. Fine-scale determinants of conservation value of river reaches in a hotspot of native and non-native species diversity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 574:455-466. [PMID: 27644023 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Global freshwater biodiversity is declining at unprecedented rates while non-native species are expanding. Examining diversity patterns across variable river conditions can help develop better management strategies. However, many indicators can be used to determine the conservartion value of aquatic communities, and little is known of how well they correlate to each other in making diagnostics, including when testing for the efficacy of protected areas. Using an extensive data set (99,700km2, n=530 sites) across protected and unprotected river reaches in 15 catchments of NE Spain, we examine correlations among 20 indicators of conservation value of fish communities, including the benefits they provide to birds and threatened mammals and mussels. Our results showed that total native fish abundance or richness correlated reasonably well with many native indicators. However, the lack of a strong congruence led modelling techniques to identify different river attributes for each indicator of conservation value. Overall, tributaries were identified as native fish refugees, and nutrient pollution, salinization, low water velocity and poor habitat structure as major threats to the native biota. We also found that protected areas offered limited coverage to major components of biodiversity, including rarity, threat and host-parasite relationships, even though values of non-native indicators were notably reduced. In conclusion, restoring natural hydrological regimes and water chemical status is a priority to stem freshwater biodiversity loss in this region. A complementary action can be the protection of tributaries, but more studies examining multiple components of diversity are necessary to fully test their potential as fluvial reserves in Mediterranean climate areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), E-41092 Sevilla, Spain; Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Andrés Baselga
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ronaldo Sousa
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, P-4710-057 Braga, Portugal; CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, P-4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Montserrat Vilà
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ignacio Doadrio
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Gigante D, Foggi B, Venanzoni R, Viciani D, Buffa G. Habitats on the grid: The spatial dimension does matter for red-listing. J Nat Conserv 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mihók B, Kovács E, Balázs B, Pataki G, Ambrus A, Bartha D, Czirák Z, Csányi S, Csépányi P, Csőszi M, Dudás G, Egri C, Erős T, Gőri S, Halmos G, Kopek A, Margóczi K, Miklay G, Milon L, Podmaniczky L, Sárvári J, Schmidt A, Sipos K, Siposs V, Standovár T, Szigetvári C, Szemethy L, Tóth B, Tóth L, Tóth P, Török K, Török P, Vadász C, Varga I, Sutherland WJ, Báldi A. Bridging the research-practice gap: Conservation research priorities in a Central and Eastern European country. J Nat Conserv 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Fenu G, Fois M, Cogoni D, Porceddu M, Pinna MS, Lombraña AC, Nebot A, Sulis E, Picciau R, Santo A, Murru V, Orrù M, Bacchetta G. The Aichi Biodiversity Target 12 at regional level: an achievable goal? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/14888386.2015.1062423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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