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Ouyang W, Kilner KJ, Xavier RMP, Liu Y, Lu Y, Feller SM, Pitts KM, Wu M, Ausra J, Jones I, Wu Y, Luan H, Trueb J, Higbee-Dempsey EM, Stepien I, Ghoreishi-Haack N, Haney CR, Li H, Kozorovitskiy Y, Heshmati M, Banks AR, Golden SA, Good CH, Rogers JA. An implantable device for wireless monitoring of diverse physio-behavioral characteristics in freely behaving small animals and interacting groups. Neuron 2024; 112:1764-1777.e5. [PMID: 38537641 PMCID: PMC11256974 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Comprehensive, continuous quantitative monitoring of intricately orchestrated physiological processes and behavioral states in living organisms can yield essential data for elucidating the function of neural circuits under healthy and diseased conditions, for defining the effects of potential drugs and treatments, and for tracking disease progression and recovery. Here, we report a wireless, battery-free implantable device and a set of associated algorithms that enable continuous, multiparametric physio-behavioral monitoring in freely behaving small animals and interacting groups. Through advanced analytics approaches applied to mechano-acoustic signals of diverse body processes, the device yields heart rate, respiratory rate, physical activity, temperature, and behavioral states. Demonstrations in pharmacological, locomotor, and acute and social stress tests and in optogenetic studies offer unique insights into the coordination of physio-behavioral characteristics associated with healthy and perturbed states. This technology has broad utility in neuroscience, physiology, behavior, and other areas that rely on studies of freely moving, small animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ouyang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Keith J Kilner
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; NeuroLux Inc., Northfield, IL 60093, USA
| | | | - Yiming Liu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yinsheng Lu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | | | - Kayla M Pitts
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Mingzheng Wu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | | | - Ian Jones
- NeuroLux Inc., Northfield, IL 60093, USA
| | - Yunyun Wu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Haiwen Luan
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Jacob Trueb
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | | | - Iwona Stepien
- Developmental Therapeutics Core, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | | | - Chad R Haney
- Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yevgenia Kozorovitskiy
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Mitra Heshmati
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Anthony R Banks
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; NeuroLux Inc., Northfield, IL 60093, USA
| | - Sam A Golden
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Cameron H Good
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; NeuroLux Inc., Northfield, IL 60093, USA.
| | - John A Rogers
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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Tanner MR, Pennington MW, Chamberlain BH, Huq R, Gehrmann EJ, Laragione T, Gulko PS, Beeton C. Targeting KCa1.1 Channels with a Scorpion Venom Peptide for the Therapy of Rat Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 365:227-236. [PMID: 29453198 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.245118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are a key cell type involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) progression. We previously identified the KCa1.1 potassium channel (Maxi-K, BK, Slo 1, KCNMA1) as a regulator of FLSs and found that KCa1.1 inhibition reduces disease severity in RA animal models. However, systemic KCa1.1 block causes multiple side effects. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the KCa1.1 β1-3-specific venom peptide blocker iberiotoxin (IbTX) reduces disease severity in animal models of RA without inducing major side effects. We used immunohistochemistry to identify IbTX-sensitive KCa1.1 subunits in joints of rats with a model of RA. Patch-clamp and functional assays were used to determine whether IbTX can regulate FLSs through targeting KCa1.1. We then tested the efficacy of IbTX in ameliorating disease in two rat models of RA. Finally, we determined whether IbTX causes side effects including incontinence or tremors in rats, compared with those treated with the small-molecule KCa1.1 blocker paxilline. IbTX-sensitive subunits of KCa1.1 were expressed by FLSs in joints of rats with experimental arthritis. IbTX inhibited KCa1.1 channels expressed by FLSs from patients with RA and by FLSs from rat models of RA and reduced FLS invasiveness. IbTX significantly reduced disease severity in two rat models of RA. Unlike paxilline, IbTX did not induce tremors or incontinence in rats. Overall, IbTX inhibited KCa1.1 channels on FLSs and treated rat models of RA without inducing side effects associated with nonspecific KCa1.1 blockade and could become the basis for the development of a new treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Tanner
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.R.T., B.H.C., R.H., E.J.G., C.B.), Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.T.), and Biology of Inflammation Center and Center for Drug Discovery (C.B.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Peptides International Inc., Louisville, Kentucky (M.W.P.); and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (T.L., P.S.G.)
| | - Michael W Pennington
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.R.T., B.H.C., R.H., E.J.G., C.B.), Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.T.), and Biology of Inflammation Center and Center for Drug Discovery (C.B.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Peptides International Inc., Louisville, Kentucky (M.W.P.); and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (T.L., P.S.G.)
| | - Brayden H Chamberlain
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.R.T., B.H.C., R.H., E.J.G., C.B.), Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.T.), and Biology of Inflammation Center and Center for Drug Discovery (C.B.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Peptides International Inc., Louisville, Kentucky (M.W.P.); and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (T.L., P.S.G.)
| | - Redwan Huq
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.R.T., B.H.C., R.H., E.J.G., C.B.), Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.T.), and Biology of Inflammation Center and Center for Drug Discovery (C.B.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Peptides International Inc., Louisville, Kentucky (M.W.P.); and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (T.L., P.S.G.)
| | - Elizabeth J Gehrmann
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.R.T., B.H.C., R.H., E.J.G., C.B.), Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.T.), and Biology of Inflammation Center and Center for Drug Discovery (C.B.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Peptides International Inc., Louisville, Kentucky (M.W.P.); and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (T.L., P.S.G.)
| | - Teresina Laragione
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.R.T., B.H.C., R.H., E.J.G., C.B.), Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.T.), and Biology of Inflammation Center and Center for Drug Discovery (C.B.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Peptides International Inc., Louisville, Kentucky (M.W.P.); and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (T.L., P.S.G.)
| | - Pércio S Gulko
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.R.T., B.H.C., R.H., E.J.G., C.B.), Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.T.), and Biology of Inflammation Center and Center for Drug Discovery (C.B.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Peptides International Inc., Louisville, Kentucky (M.W.P.); and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (T.L., P.S.G.)
| | - Christine Beeton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.R.T., B.H.C., R.H., E.J.G., C.B.), Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (M.R.T.), and Biology of Inflammation Center and Center for Drug Discovery (C.B.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Peptides International Inc., Louisville, Kentucky (M.W.P.); and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (T.L., P.S.G.)
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Wireless inertial measurement of head kinematics in freely-moving rats. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35689. [PMID: 27767085 PMCID: PMC5073323 DOI: 10.1038/srep35689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
While miniature inertial sensors offer a promising means for precisely detecting, quantifying and classifying animal behaviors, versatile inertial sensing devices adapted for small, freely-moving laboratory animals are still lacking. We developed a standalone and cost-effective platform for performing high-rate wireless inertial measurements of head movements in rats. Our system is designed to enable real-time bidirectional communication between the headborne inertial sensing device and third party systems, which can be used for precise data timestamping and low-latency motion-triggered applications. We illustrate the usefulness of our system in diverse experimental situations. We show that our system can be used for precisely quantifying motor responses evoked by external stimuli, for characterizing head kinematics during normal behavior and for monitoring head posture under normal and pathological conditions obtained using unilateral vestibular lesions. We also introduce and validate a novel method for automatically quantifying behavioral freezing during Pavlovian fear conditioning experiments, which offers superior performance in terms of precision, temporal resolution and efficiency. Thus, this system precisely acquires movement information in freely-moving animals, and can enable objective and quantitative behavioral scoring methods in a wide variety of experimental situations.
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Roh M, McHugh TJ, Lee K. A video based feedback system for control of an active commutator during behavioral physiology. Mol Brain 2015; 8:61. [PMID: 26458951 PMCID: PMC4603836 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-015-0152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the relationship between neural function and behavior it is necessary to record neuronal activity in the brains of freely behaving animals, a technique that typically involves tethering to a data acquisition system. Optimally this approach allows animals to behave without any interference of movement or task performance. Currently many laboratories in the cognitive and behavioral neuroscience fields employ commercial motorized commutator systems using torque sensors to detect tether movement induced by the trajectory behaviors of animals. Results In this study we describe a novel motorized commutator system which is automatically controlled by video tracking. To obtain accurate head direction data two light emitting diodes were used and video image noise was minimized by physical light source manipulation. The system calculates the rotation of the animal across a single trial by processing head direction data and the software, which calibrates the motor rotation angle, subsequently generates voltage pulses to actively untwist the tether. This system successfully provides a tether twist-free environment for animals performing behavioral tasks and simultaneous neural activity recording. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, it is the first to utilize video tracking generated head direction to detect tether twisting and compensate with a motorized commutator system. Our automatic commutator control system promises an affordable and accessible method to improve behavioral neurophysiology experiments, particularly in mice. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13041-015-0152-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mootaek Roh
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Behavioral Neural Circuitry and Physiology Laboratory, Kyungpook National University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-101, Dongin-dong, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-842, South Korea
| | - Thomas J McHugh
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kyungmin Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Behavioral Neural Circuitry and Physiology Laboratory, Kyungpook National University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-101, Dongin-dong, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-842, South Korea.
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Brugarolas R, Roberts D, Sherman B, Bozkurt A. Posture estimation for a canine machine interface based training system. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2013; 2012:4489-92. [PMID: 23366925 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2012.6346964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dogs and humans have worked in partnership throughout history thanks to dogs' unique capability of detecting signals in human voices or gestures and learning from human inputs. Traditional canine training methods rely solely on subjective visual observations made by trainers. We propose a canine body-area-network (cBAN) to incorporate context-aware sensing with objective detection algorithms to augment the sensitivity and specificity of human trainer's awareness of the dogs they are training. As an initial effort, we developed a Bluetooth-based wireless infrastructure and tested inertial measurement units as cBAN sensor nodes to electronically assess the posture of the dogs. As a result, we were able to optimize the sensor locations and distinguish different postures using the distinct patterns in the measured angles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Brugarolas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
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Miller AL, Flecknell PA, Leach MC, Roughan JV. A comparison of a manual and an automated behavioural analysis method for assessing post-operative pain in mice. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yucel Z, Sara Y, Duygulu P, Onur R, Esen E, Ozguler AB. Automated discrimination of psychotropic drugs in mice via computer vision-based analysis. J Neurosci Methods 2009; 180:234-42. [PMID: 19464515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We developed an inexpensive computer vision-based method utilizing an algorithm which differentiates drug-induced behavioral alterations. The mice were observed in an open-field arena and their activity was recorded for 100 min. For each animal the first 50 min of observation were regarded as the drug-free period. Each animal was exposed to only one drug and they were injected (i.p.) with either amphetamine or cocaine as the stimulant drugs or morphine or diazepam as the inhibitory agents. The software divided the arena into virtual grids and calculated the number of visits (sojourn counts) to the grids and instantaneous speeds within these grids by analyzing video data. These spatial distributions of sojourn counts and instantaneous speeds were used to construct feature vectors which were fed to the classifier algorithms for the final step of matching the animals and the drugs. The software decided which of the animals were drug-treated at a rate of 96%. The algorithm achieved 92% accuracy in sorting the data according to the increased or decreased activity and then determined which drug was delivered. The method differentiated the type of psychostimulant or inhibitory drugs with a success ratio of 70% and 80%, respectively. This method provides a new way to automatically evaluate and classify drug-induced behaviors in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Yucel
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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Chen YJ, Li YC, Huang KN, Jen SL, Young MS. Video tracking algorithm of long-term experiment using stand-alone recording system. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:085108. [PMID: 19044381 DOI: 10.1063/1.2976035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Many medical and behavioral applications require the ability to monitor and quantify the behavior of small animals. In general these animals are confined in small cages. Often these situations involve very large numbers of cages. Modern research facilities commonly monitor simultaneously thousands of animals over long periods of time. However, conventional systems require one personal computer per monitoring platform, which is too complex, expensive, and increases power consumption for large laboratory applications. This paper presents a simplified video tracking algorithm for long-term recording using a stand-alone system. The feature of the presented tracking algorithm revealed that computation speed is very fast data storage requirements are small, and hardware requirements are minimal. The stand-alone system automatically performs tracking and saving acquired data to a secure digital card. The proposed system is designed for video collected at a 640 x 480 pixel with 16 bit color resolution. The tracking result is updated every 30 frames/s. Only the locomotive data are stored. Therefore, the data storage requirements could be minimized. In addition, detection via the designed algorithm uses the Cb and Cr values of a colored marker affixed to the target to define the tracked position and allows multiobject tracking against complex backgrounds. Preliminary experiment showed that such tracking information stored by the portable and stand-alone system could provide comprehensive information on the animal's activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, 701 Taiwan
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