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Chong JX, Childers MC, Marvin CT, Marcello AJ, Gonorazky H, Hazrati LN, Dowling JJ, Al Amrani F, Alanay Y, Nieto Y, Gabriel MÁM, Aylsworth AS, Buckingham KJ, Shively KM, Sommers O, Anderson K, Regnier M, Bamshad MJ. Variants in ACTC1 underlie distal arthrogryposis accompanied by congenital heart defects. HGG ADVANCES 2023; 4:100213. [PMID: 37457373 PMCID: PMC10345160 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2023.100213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Contraction of the human sarcomere is the result of interactions between myosin cross-bridges and actin filaments. Pathogenic variants in genes such as MYH7, TPM1, and TNNI3 that encode parts of the cardiac sarcomere cause muscle diseases that affect the heart, such as dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In contrast, pathogenic variants in homologous genes such as MYH2, TPM2, and TNNI2 that encode parts of the skeletal muscle sarcomere cause muscle diseases affecting skeletal muscle, such as distal arthrogryposis (DA) syndromes and skeletal myopathies. To date, there have been few reports of genes (e.g., MYH7) encoding sarcomeric proteins in which the same pathogenic variant affects skeletal and cardiac muscle. Moreover, none of the known genes underlying DA have been found to contain pathogenic variants that also cause cardiac abnormalities. We report five families with DA because of heterozygous missense variants in the gene actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 (ACTC1). ACTC1 encodes a highly conserved actin that binds to myosin in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Pathogenic variants in ACTC1 have been found previously to underlie atrial septal defect, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and left ventricular noncompaction. Our discovery delineates a new DA condition because of variants in ACTC1 and suggests that some functions of ACTC1 are shared in cardiac and skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica X. Chong
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Brotman-Baty Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Matthew Carter Childers
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- University of Washington Center for Translational Muscle Research, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Colby T. Marvin
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Anthony J. Marcello
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hernan Gonorazky
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Lili-Naz Hazrati
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - James J. Dowling
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Departments of Paediatrics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Fatema Al Amrani
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Yasemin Alanay
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yolanda Nieto
- Department of Basic Bio-Medical Sciences, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Á Marín Gabriel
- Department of Pediatrics, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, 28221 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arthur S. Aylsworth
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kati J. Buckingham
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kathryn M. Shively
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Olivia Sommers
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kailyn Anderson
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Brotman-Baty Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- University of Washington Center for Translational Muscle Research, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Departments of Paediatrics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Basic Bio-Medical Sciences, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, 28221 Madrid, Spain
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - University of Washington Center for Rare Disease Research
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Brotman-Baty Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- University of Washington Center for Translational Muscle Research, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Departments of Paediatrics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Basic Bio-Medical Sciences, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, 28221 Madrid, Spain
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Michael Regnier
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- University of Washington Center for Translational Muscle Research, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michael J. Bamshad
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Brotman-Baty Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- University of Washington Center for Translational Muscle Research, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
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Chong JX, Childers MC, Marvin CT, Marcello AJ, Gonorazky H, Hazrati LN, Dowling JJ, Amrani FA, Alanay Y, Nieto Y, Marín Gabriel MÁ, Aylsworth AS, Buckingham KJ, Shively KM, Sommers O, Anderson K, Regnier M, Bamshad MJ. Variants in ACTC1 underlie distal arthrogryposis accompanied by congenital heart defects. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023. [PMID: 36945405 PMCID: PMC10029015 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.07.23286862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Contraction of the human sarcomere is the result of interactions between myosin cross-bridges and actin filaments. Pathogenic variants in genes such as MYH7 , TPM1 , and TNNI3 that encode parts of the cardiac sarcomere cause muscle diseases that affect the heart, such as dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In contrast, pathogenic variants in homologous genes MYH2 , TPM2 , and TNNI2 , that encode parts of the skeletal muscle sarcomere, cause muscle diseases affecting skeletal muscle, such as the distal arthrogryposis (DA) syndromes and skeletal myopathies. To date, there have been few reports of genes (e.g., MYH7 ) encoding sarcomeric proteins in which the same pathogenic variant affects both skeletal and cardiac muscle. Moreover, none of the known genes underlying DA have been found to contain mutations that also cause cardiac abnormalities. We report five families with DA due to heterozygous missense variants in the gene actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 ( ACTC1 ). ACTC1 encodes a highly conserved actin that binds to myosin in both cardiac and skeletal muscle. Mutations in ACTC1 have previously been found to underlie atrial septal defect, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and left ventricular noncompaction. Our discovery delineates a new DA condition due to mutations in ACTC1 and suggests that some functions of actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 are shared in cardiac and skeletal muscle.
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Díaz Expósito A, Robles Mezcua A, Pérez Cabeza AI, García Pinilla JM. A new mutation in the ACTA1 gene possibly associated with dilated cardiomyopathy without concomitant myopathy. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH ED.) 2022; 75:850-852. [PMID: 35597757 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arancha Díaz Expósito
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca y Cardiopatías Familiares, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
| | - Ainhoa Robles Mezcua
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca y Cardiopatías Familiares, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Alejandro I Pérez Cabeza
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca y Cardiopatías Familiares, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - José Manuel García Pinilla
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca y Cardiopatías Familiares, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
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Matsumoto A, Tsuda H, Furui S, Kawada-Nagashima M, Anzai T, Seki M, Watanabe K, Muramatsu K, Osaka H, Iwamoto S, Nishino I, Yamagata T. A case of congenital fiber-type disproportion syndrome presenting dilated cardiomyopathy with ACTA1 mutation. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e2008. [PMID: 35757965 PMCID: PMC9482392 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Actin, alpha, skeletal muscle 1 (ACTA1) is one of the causative genes of nemaline myopathy (NM) and congenital fiber‐type disproportion (CFTD). CFTD is characterized by type 1 fiber atrophy and distinguished from NM in the absence of rods. Eight patients with CFTD, including one patient with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), have previously been reported. Herein, we report the case of a 10‐year‐old boy presenting with CFTD and DCM. Methods We performed exome sequencing and analyzed the effect of Met327Lys mutations on cultured C2C12 muscle cells compared with that seen in the wild type (WT, ACTA1) and previously identified Asp294Val mutations associated with a severe phenotype of CFTD without cardiomyopathy. Results Exome sequencing revealed a de novo mutation, c.980 T > A, p.(Met327Lys), in ACTA1 (NM_001100.4). C2C12 cells transfected with the WT plasmid expressed ACTA1 in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Cells with the Asp294Val mutant showed needle‐like structures in the cytoplasm, whereas the expression of the Met327Lys mutant resulted in few aggregations but many apoptotic cells. Conclusion Apoptosis induced in Met327Lys‐transfected muscle cells supports the pathogenicity of the mutation and can be implicated as one of the histopathological features associated with CFTD, as in NM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.,Division of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Tsuda
- Division of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Furui
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuya Anzai
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Seki
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Watanabe
- Division of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Sadahiko Iwamoto
- Division of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
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Díaz Expósito A, Robles Mezcua A, Pérez Cabeza AI, García Pinilla JM. Una nueva mutación en el gen ACTA1, posiblemente asociada con miocardiopatía dilatada sin miopatía concomitante. Rev Esp Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2022.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Laitila J, Wallgren-Pettersson C. Recent advances in nemaline myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:955-967. [PMID: 34561123 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The nemaline myopathies constitute a large proportion of the congenital or structural myopathies. Common to all patients is muscle weakness and the presence in the muscle biopsy of nemaline rods. The causative genes are at least twelve, encoding structural or regulatory proteins of the thin filament, and the clinical picture as well as the histological appearance on muscle biopsy vary widely. Here, we suggest a renewed clinical classification to replace the original one, summarise what is known about the pathogenesis from mutations in each causative gene to the forms of nemaline myopathy described to date, and provide perspectives on pathogenetic mechanisms possibly open to therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Laitila
- The Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Carina Wallgren-Pettersson
- The Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Lornage X, Quijano-Roy S, Amthor H, Carlier RY, Monnier N, Deleuze JF, Romero NB, Laporte J, Böhm J. Asymmetric muscle weakness due to ACTA1 mosaic mutations. Neurology 2020; 95:e3406-e3411. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000010947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTo characterize 2 unrelated patients with either asymmetric or unilateral muscle weakness at the clinical, genetic, histologic, and ultrastructural level.MethodsThe patients underwent thorough clinical examination, whole-body MRI, and exome sequencing. Muscle morphology was assessed by histology and electron microscopy.ResultsBoth patients presented with early-onset hypotonia, delayed motor milestones, scoliosis, and reduced pulmonary function. Patient P1 manifested unilateral muscle weakness exclusively affecting the left side of the body; the asymmetry was less pronounced in patient P2. Muscle biopsies from both patients showed nemaline rods as the main histopathologic hallmark, and MRI revealed major fatty infiltrations in selective head, proximal, and distal muscles, correlating with the degree of muscle weakness asymmetry. Exome sequencing on blood DNA from both patients identified de novo ACTA1 missense mutations in a small number of reads, suggesting mutation mosaicism. Subsequent Sanger sequencing confirmed the presence of the mutations on muscle DNA, while they were barely detectable on blood DNA.ConclusionsDe novo mutations can occur anytime during embryonic development and may result in a mosaic pattern of affected cells and tissues and lead to the development of an asymmetric clinical picture. The present study points out that mosaic mutations might not be easily detectable on leukocyte DNA and thereby escape routine genetic analysis, and possibly account for a significant number of molecularly undiagnosed patients.
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Sewry CA, Laitila JM, Wallgren-Pettersson C. Nemaline myopathies: a current view. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2019; 40:111-126. [PMID: 31228046 PMCID: PMC6726674 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-019-09519-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nemaline myopathies are a heterogenous group of congenital myopathies caused by de novo, dominantly or recessively inherited mutations in at least twelve genes. The genes encoding skeletal α-actin (ACTA1) and nebulin (NEB) are the commonest genetic cause. Most patients have congenital onset characterized by muscle weakness and hypotonia, but the spectrum of clinical phenotypes is broad, ranging from severe neonatal presentations to onset of a milder disorder in childhood. Most patients with adult onset have an autoimmune-related myopathy with a progressive course. The wide application of massively parallel sequencing methods is increasing the number of known causative genes and broadening the range of clinical phenotypes. Nemaline myopathies are identified by the presence of structures that are rod-like or ovoid in shape with electron microscopy, and with light microscopy stain red with the modified Gömöri trichrome technique. These rods or nemaline bodies are derived from Z lines (also known as Z discs or Z disks) and have a similar lattice structure and protein content. Their shape in patients with mutations in KLHL40 and LMOD3 is distinctive and can be useful for diagnosis. The number and distribution of nemaline bodies varies between fibres and different muscles but does not correlate with severity or prognosis. Additional pathological features such as caps, cores and fibre type disproportion are associated with the same genes as those known to cause the presence of rods. Animal models are advancing the understanding of the effects of various mutations in different genes and paving the way for the development of therapies, which at present only manage symptoms and are aimed at maintaining muscle strength, joint mobility, ambulation, respiration and independence in the activities of daily living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Sewry
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK. .,Wolfson Centre of Inherited Neuromuscular Disorders, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, UK.
| | - Jenni M Laitila
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carina Wallgren-Pettersson
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Petri H, Wahbi K, Witting N, Køber L, Bundgaard H, Kamoun E, Vellieux G, Stojkovic T, Béhin A, Laforet P, Vissing J. Congenital myopathies are mainly associated with a mild cardiac phenotype. J Neurol 2019; 266:1367-1375. [PMID: 30874888 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the prevalence of cardiac involvement in patients with congenital myopathies and the association to specific genotypes. METHODS We evaluated patients with physical examination, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and 48-h Holter monitoring. Follow-up was performed for major events. RESULTS We included 130 patients, 55 men (42%), with a mean age of 34 ± 17 years. A genetic diagnosis was established in 97 patients (75%). Right bundle branch block was observed in three patients: 2/34 patients with a ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) and 1/6 with a tropomyosin two gene (TPM2) gene mutation. Echocardiography showed left-ventricular hypertrophy in five patients: 2/17 and 3/34 patients with a Dynamin 2 (DNM2) and a RYR1 mutation, respectively. One patient with a myosin heavy-chain (MYH7) mutation had dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. On Holter monitoring, frequent ventricular premature contractions were observed in one patient with a DNM2 mutation. Two patients with a TPM2 and a RYR1 mutation, respectively, had a single short run of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia was observed in a 20-year-old man with an actin 1 gene mutation. During follow-up (median 8.4 years), four patients died, all of non-cardiac causes. CONCLUSION Congenital myopathies are generally associated with a mild cardiac phenotype. Our findings substantiate the literature and indicate that, except for patients with specific genotypes, such as MYH7 and TTN mutations, repeated cardiac assessments can be minimized, given a normal initial cardiac screening at time of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helle Petri
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Karim Wahbi
- APHP, Cochin Hospital, Cardiology Department, Centre de Référence de Pathologie, Neuromusculaire Nord/Est/Ile de France, Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Nanna Witting
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henning Bundgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emna Kamoun
- Myology Institute, Nord/Est/Ile de France Neuromuscular Center, Pitié-Salpêtière hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Geoffroy Vellieux
- Myology Institute, Nord/Est/Ile de France Neuromuscular Center, Pitié-Salpêtière hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Tanya Stojkovic
- Myology Institute, Nord/Est/Ile de France Neuromuscular Center, Pitié-Salpêtière hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Anthony Béhin
- Myology Institute, Nord/Est/Ile de France Neuromuscular Center, Pitié-Salpêtière hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Laforet
- Neurology Department, Nord/Est/Ile de France Neuromuscular Center, Raymond Poincaré Teaching Hospital, APHP, 92380, Garches, France.,END-ICAP, INSERM U1179, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - John Vissing
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Tadokoro K, Ohta Y, Sasaki R, Takahashi Y, Sato K, Shang J, Takemoto M, Hishikawa N, Yamashita T, Nakamura K, Nishino I, Abe K. Congenital myopathy with fiber-type disproportion accompanied by dilated cardiomyopathy in a patient with a novel p.G48A ACTA1 mutation. J Neurol Sci 2018; 393:142-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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11
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Park YE, Shin JH, Kim HS, Lee CH, Kim DS. Characterization of congenital myopathies at a Korean neuromuscular center. Muscle Nerve 2018; 58:235-244. [PMID: 29669168 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Congenital myopathies are muscle diseases characterized by specific histopathologic features, generalized hypotonia from birth, and perinatal complications, although some cases develop during childhood or, rarely, in adulthood. We undertook this study to characterize congenital myopathies among patients registered at our institution. METHODS Clinical, histopathologic, and genetic features were evaluated in 34 patients recruited for this study. RESULTS The majority of patients experienced a childhood onset, and no disease-related mortality was recorded during follow-up. Functional outcomes were no better for those with late-onset disease, indicating later disease progression can be significant. Nemaline myopathy was the most frequent pathology, followed by central core disease and centronuclear myopathy. Among the 18 (54.5%) genetically confirmed patients, NEB and RYR1 mutations were the most common, followed by DNM2 mutations. DISCUSSION This study shows features not previously reported and suggests that congenital myopathy should be considered an important issue among adult patients. Muscle Nerve 58: 235-244, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Eun Park
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Shin
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Research and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongnam, South Korea
| | - Hyang-Sook Kim
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Research and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongnam, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Pathology, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Dae-Seong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Pathology, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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12
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Sewry CA, Wallgren-Pettersson C. Myopathology in congenital myopathies. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2018; 43:5-23. [PMID: 27976420 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Congenital myopathies are clinically and genetically a heterogeneous group of early onset neuromuscular disorders, characterized by hypotonia and muscle weakness. Clinical severity and age of onset are variable. Many patients are severely affected at birth while others have a milder, moderately progressive or nonprogressive phenotype. Respiratory weakness is a major clinical aspect that requires regular monitoring. Causative mutations in several genes have been identified that are inherited in a dominant, recessive or X-linked manner, or arise de novo. Muscle biopsies show characteristic pathological features such as nemaline rods/bodies, cores, central nuclei or caps. Small type 1 fibres expressing slow myosin are a common feature and may sometimes be the only abnormality. Small cores (minicores) devoid of mitochondria and areas showing variable myofibrillar disruption occur in several neuromuscular disorders including several forms of congenital myopathy. Muscle biopsies can also show more than one structural defect. There is considerable clinical, pathological and genetic overlap with mutations in one gene resulting in more than one pathological feature, and the same pathological feature being associated with defects in more than one gene. Increasing application of whole exome sequencing is broadening the clinical and pathological spectra in congenital myopathies, but pathology still has a role in clarifying the pathogenicity of gene variants as well as directing molecular analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Sewry
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.,Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Diseases, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, UK
| | - C Wallgren-Pettersson
- The Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and the Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article reviews adult presentations of the major congenital myopathies - central core disease, multiminicore disease, centronuclear myopathy and nemaline myopathy - with an emphasis on common genetic backgrounds, typical clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis. RECENT FINDINGS The congenital myopathies are a genetically heterogeneous group of conditions with characteristic histopathological features. Although essentially considered paediatric conditions, some forms - in particular those due to dominant mutations in the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RYR1), the dynamin 2 (DNM2), the amphiphysin 2 (BIN1) and the Kelch repeat-and BTB/POZ domain-containing protein 13 (KBTBD13) gene - may present late into adulthood. Moreover, dominant RYR1 mutations associated with the malignant hyperthermia susceptibility trait have been recently identified as a common cause of (exertional) rhabdomyolysis presenting throughout life. In addition, improved standards of care and development of new therapies will result in an increasing number of patients with early-onset presentations transitioning to the adult neuromuscular clinic. Lastly, if nemaline rods are the predominant histopathological feature, acquired treatable conditions have to be considered in the differential diagnosis. SUMMARY Recently identified genotypes and phenotypes indicate a spectrum of the congenital myopathies extending into late adulthood, with important implications for clinical practice.
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14
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Mizuno Y, Mori-Yoshimura M, Oya Y, Nishikawa A, Nishino I, Takahashi Y. [Two cases of nemaline myopathy presenting with hypertrophy of distal limbs with prominent asymmetry]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2017; 57:691-697. [PMID: 29070751 DOI: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-001024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nemaline myopathy commonly presents with symmetrical proximal weakness. Here we report two cases of nemaline myopathy presenting with distal dominant involvement with prominent asymmetry. Case 1 was a 37-year-old man who recalled frequently falling down and had right calf atrophy since he was 3-years-old. He had right calf muscle atrophy and weakness and steppage gait; his cardiopulmonary function was normal. Case 2 was a 35-year-old man with right calf muscle atrophy and weakness since childhood. He had right dominant distal leg weakness and atrophy together with respiratory failure and started noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. He also developed cardiomyopathy and died from acute respiratory failure due to pneumonia at age 39. Both cases harbored compound heterozygous nebulin (NEB) mutations with c.20131 C>T:p.Arg6711Trp and a nonsense mutation. Nemaline myopathy associated with NEB mutations can present as distal dominant myopathy with prominent asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Mizuno
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry.,Department of Neurology, Yokohama Asahi Chuo General Hospital
| | - Madoka Mori-Yoshimura
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
| | - Yasushi Oya
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
| | - Atsuko Nishikawa
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry.,Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
| | - Yuji Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
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15
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Lee JM, Lim JG, Shin JH, Park YE, Kim DS. Clinical and genetic diversity of nemaline myopathy from a single neuromuscular center in Korea. J Neurol Sci 2017; 383:61-68. [PMID: 29246625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nemaline myopathy (NM), the most common of the congenital myopathies, is caused by various genetic mutations. In this study, we attempted to identify the causative mutations of NM and to reveal any specific genotype-phenotype relationship in Korean patients with this disease. We investigated the clinical features and genotypes in 15 pathologically diagnosed NM patients, using whole exome sequencing (WES) combined with targeted sequencing and array-based comparative genomic hybridization. This strategy revealed pathogenic causative mutations in seven patients (46.7%), among whom mutations in the nebulin gene (NEB) were the most frequent (5 patients, 33.3%). Copy number variation (CNV) abnormality in NEB was not observed in any of our patients. In those with NEB-associated NM, the clinical spectrum was highly variable regardless of the mutation type. However, the majority of patients showing anterior lower leg weakness were associated with mutations located between NEB exons 166 and 177. We concluded that the combination of WES and targeted Sanger sequencing is an effective strategy for analyzing genotypes in patients with NM, and that CNV in NEB may not be a frequent cause of this disease among Koreans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Mok Lee
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Geun Lim
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Shin
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Park
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Seong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Nemaline myopathies: State of the art. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2016; 172:614-619. [PMID: 27659899 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nemaline myopathy (NM) is one of the most common forms of congenital myopathy. The condition is defined by the histopathological finding of nemaline bodies (rods) on muscle biopsy and is associated with hypotonia and muscle weakness. The clinical spectrum encompasses lethal forms presenting in the neonatal period with profound weakness and less severe congenital diseases of later onset. NM is significantly heterogeneous from a genetic point of view, and its inheritance can be autosomal-dominant (AD), sporadic or autosomal-recessive (AR). To date, 11 genes encoding proteins of skeletal muscle thin filaments, Kelch domain-associated proteins and an unconventional myosin have been implicated in NM. The mechanisms leading to nemaline body formation and muscle weakness are still largely unclear. This report reviews the clinical, histopathological and genetic features of NM, with a focus on some of the recently discovered forms.
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17
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Little is known about the type, frequency, severity, treatment, and outcome of cardiac disease in nemaline myopathy. This review summarizes and discusses findings concerning the type, prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of cardiac involvement in nemaline myopathy. METHODS Review of publications about nemaline myopathy and cardiac disease. RESULTS Altogether, 35 patients with nemaline myopathy with cardiac disease were identified. Age at presentation ranged from 0 to 62 years. In 30 individuals whose gender was described, 22 were male and eight were female. Onset was congenital in 16 patients, infantile in five, and adult in four. Nine patients presented with dilated cardiomyopathy, six with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and one with nonspecific cardiomyopathy. Among those with cardiomyopathy, four developed heart failure. One patient experienced sudden cardiac death. A ventricular septal defect was described in two patients. Cardiac treatment included drugs for heart failure (eight patients), implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation (one patient), and heart transplant (three patients). Four patients received noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation and two continuous positive-pressure ventilation. The outcome was fatal in 11 patients. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac disease in nemaline myopathy manifests as cardiomyopathy leading to heart failure. If respiratory muscles are affected, the right side of the heart may be secondarily involved. Early detection of cardiac involvement is essential since effective treatment for cardiac disease in nemaline myopathy may be available.
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18
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Finsterer J, Frank M. Potential causes of sudden cardiac death in nemaline myopathy. Ital J Pediatr 2015; 41:67. [PMID: 26416716 PMCID: PMC4587851 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-015-0175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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19
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Malfatti E, Böhm J, Lacène E, Beuvin M, Romero NB, Laporte J. A Premature Stop Codon in MYO18B is Associated with Severe Nemaline Myopathy with Cardiomyopathy. J Neuromuscul Dis 2015; 2:219-227. [PMID: 27858739 PMCID: PMC5240573 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-150085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Nemaline myopathies (NM) are rare and severe muscle diseases characterized by the presence of nemaline bodies (rods) in muscle fibers. Although ten genes have been implicated in the etiology of NM, an important number of patients remain without a molecular diagnosis. Objective: Here we describe the clinical and histopathological features of a sporadic case presenting with severe NM and cardiomyopathy. Using exome sequencing, we aimed to identify the causative gene. Results: We identified a homozygous nonsense mutation in the last exon of MYO18B, leading to a truncated protein lacking the most C-terminal part. MYO18B codes for an unconventional myosin protein and it is mainly expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscles, two tissues severely affected in the patient. We showed that the mutation does not impact on mRNA stability. Immunostaining and Western blot confirmed the absence of the full-length protein. Conclusion: We propose MYO18B as a novel gene associated with nemaline myopathy and cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Malfatti
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 Boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.,Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris, France
| | - Johann Böhm
- Department of Translational Medecine, IGBMC, Illkirch, France.,INSERM U964, Illkirch, France.,CNRS, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Strasbourg University, Illkirch, France
| | - Emmanuelle Lacène
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 Boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.,Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris, France.,Centre de référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Paris-Est, Institut de Myologie, GHU La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris; Paris, France
| | - Maud Beuvin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 Boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.,Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris, France
| | - Norma B Romero
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 Boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.,Unité de Morphologie Neuromusculaire, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière; Paris, France.,Centre de référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Paris-Est, Institut de Myologie, GHU La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris; Paris, France
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Department of Translational Medecine, IGBMC, Illkirch, France.,INSERM U964, Illkirch, France.,CNRS, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Strasbourg University, Illkirch, France
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20
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Marseglia L, D'Angelo G, Manti S, Salpietro V, Arrigo T, Cavallari V, Gitto E. Sudden cardiac arrest in a child with nemaline myopathy. Ital J Pediatr 2015; 41:20. [PMID: 25888334 PMCID: PMC4374407 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-015-0124-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nemaline myopathy is a rare, non progressive congenital skeletal muscle disorder defined by the presence of inclusions known as nemaline rods in muscle fibers. Several clinical subtypes have been described, according to degree of muscle weakness, severity and age at onset. The course of nemaline myopathy is very slowly progressive, and death is usually due to respiratory failure. Cardiac involvement is rare and generally considered to be the result of ACTA1 mutations. PATIENT We report the case of a 6 year old boy with typical congenital nemaline myopathy. Nemaline myopathy was confirmed at 3 years of age by muscle biopsy. No mutation of ACTA1, TPM2 and TNNT1 genes was detected. The child died suddenly of cardiac arrest and associated hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, in absence of acute respiratory failure or swallowing difficulties. RESULTS Nemaline cardiomyopathy was suspected, but post mortem cardiac biopsy did not show findings consistent with nemaline myopathy. CONCLUSIONS Congenital typical nemaline myopathy is not necessarily a static or very slowly progressive disorder and acute cardiac deterioration can lead to early death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Marseglia
- Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Italy, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125, Messina, Italy.
| | - Gabriella D'Angelo
- Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Italy, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125, Messina, Italy.
| | - Sara Manti
- Unit of Paediatric Genetics and Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Unit of Paediatric Genetics and Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Teresa Arrigo
- Unit of Paediatric Genetics and Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | | | - Eloisa Gitto
- Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Italy, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125, Messina, Italy.
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21
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Transcriptional response to cardiac injury in the zebrafish: systematic identification of genes with highly concordant activity across in vivo models. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:852. [PMID: 25280539 PMCID: PMC4197235 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zebrafish is a clinically-relevant model of heart regeneration. Unlike mammals, it has a remarkable heart repair capacity after injury, and promises novel translational applications. Amputation and cryoinjury models are key research tools for understanding injury response and regeneration in vivo. An understanding of the transcriptional responses following injury is needed to identify key players of heart tissue repair, as well as potential targets for boosting this property in humans. Results We investigated amputation and cryoinjury in vivo models of heart damage in the zebrafish through unbiased, integrative analyses of independent molecular datasets. To detect genes with potential biological roles, we derived computational prediction models with microarray data from heart amputation experiments. We focused on a top-ranked set of genes highly activated in the early post-injury stage, whose activity was further verified in independent microarray datasets. Next, we performed independent validations of expression responses with qPCR in a cryoinjury model. Across in vivo models, the top candidates showed highly concordant responses at 1 and 3 days post-injury, which highlights the predictive power of our analysis strategies and the possible biological relevance of these genes. Top candidates are significantly involved in cell fate specification and differentiation, and include heart failure markers such as periostin, as well as potential new targets for heart regeneration. For example, ptgis and ca2 were overexpressed, while usp2a, a regulator of the p53 pathway, was down-regulated in our in vivo models. Interestingly, a high activity of ptgis and ca2 has been previously observed in failing hearts from rats and humans. Conclusions We identified genes with potential critical roles in the response to cardiac damage in the zebrafish. Their transcriptional activities are reproducible in different in vivo models of cardiac injury. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-852) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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22
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Liu Z, Li W, Ma X, Ding N, Spallotta F, Southon E, Tessarollo L, Gaetano C, Mukouyama YS, Thiele CJ. Essential role of the zinc finger transcription factor Casz1 for mammalian cardiac morphogenesis and development. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:29801-16. [PMID: 25190801 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.570416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome is one of the most common terminal deletions observed in humans and is related to congenital heart disease (CHD). However, the 1p36 genes that contribute to heart disease have not been clearly delineated. Human CASZ1 gene localizes to 1p36 and encodes a zinc finger transcription factor. Casz1 is required for Xenopus heart ventral midline progenitor cell differentiation. Whether Casz1 plays a role during mammalian heart development is unknown. Our aim is to determine 1p36 gene CASZ1 function at regulating heart development in mammals. We generated a Casz1 knock-out mouse using Casz1-trapped embryonic stem cells. Casz1 deletion in mice resulted in abnormal heart development including hypoplasia of myocardium, ventricular septal defect, and disorganized morphology. Hypoplasia of myocardium was caused by decreased cardiomyocyte proliferation. Comparative genome-wide RNA transcriptome analysis of Casz1 depleted embryonic hearts identifies abnormal expression of genes that are critical for muscular system development and function, such as muscle contraction genes TNNI2, TNNT1, and CKM; contractile fiber gene ACTA1; and cardiac arrhythmia associated ion channel coding genes ABCC9 and CACNA1D. The transcriptional regulation of some of these genes by Casz1 was also found in cellular models. Our results showed that loss of Casz1 during mouse development led to heart defect including cardiac noncompaction and ventricular septal defect, which phenocopies 1p36 deletion syndrome related CHD. This suggests that CASZ1 is a novel 1p36 CHD gene and that the abnormal expression of cardiac morphogenesis and contraction genes induced by loss of Casz1 contributes to the heart defect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenling Li
- the Laboratories of Stem Cell and Neuro-vascular Biology and
| | - Xuefei Ma
- the Molecular Cardiology, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and
| | | | - Francesco Spallotta
- the Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany
| | - Eileen Southon
- the Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Neural Development Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Lino Tessarollo
- the Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Neural Development Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Carlo Gaetano
- the Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germany
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23
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article reviews recent advances in the understanding of nemaline myopathy, with a focus on the genetic basis of the disorder, histology, and pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS Pathogenic mutations have been identified in eight genes and there is evidence of further genetic heterogeneity in nemaline myopathy. Clinical presentation, histological features on skeletal muscle biopsy, and pattern of changes on muscle MRI may guide prioritization of molecular genetic testing. It is anticipated that use of new technologies such as whole exome sequencing and comparative genomic hybridization will increase the number of genes associated with nemaline myopathy and the proportion of patients in whom the genetic basis of the disorder is identified. Single fiber studies and animal models continue to add to understanding of the pathogenesis of this disorder. Current management focuses on supportive treatment; however, encouraging advances are emerging for the future. SUMMARY Recent advances in understanding of nemaline myopathy have important implications for clinical practice and for genetic diagnosis of patients with nemaline myopathy.
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Gatayama R, Ueno K, Nakamura H, Yanagi S, Ueda H, Yamagishi H, Yasui S. Nemaline myopathy with dilated cardiomyopathy in childhood. Pediatrics 2013; 131:e1986-90. [PMID: 23650303 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case of a 9-year-old boy with nemaline myopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy. The combination of nemaline myopathy and cardiomyopathy is rare, and this is the first reported case of dilated cardiomyopathy associated with childhood-onset nemaline myopathy. A novel mutation, p.W358C, in ACTA1 was detected in this patient. An unusual feature of this case was that the patient's cardiac failure developed during early childhood with no delay of gross motor milestones. The use of a β-blocker did not improve his clinical course, and the patient died 6 months after diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy. Congenital nonprogressive nemaline myopathy is not necessarily a benign disorder: deterioration can occur early in the course of dilated cardiomyopathy with neuromuscular disease, and careful clinical evaluation is therefore necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Gatayama
- Department of Cardiology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Kanagawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
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25
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Cardiomyopathy in neurological disorders. Cardiovasc Pathol 2013; 22:389-400. [PMID: 23433859 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2012] [Revised: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the American Heart Association, cardiomyopathies are classified as primary (solely or predominantly confined to heart muscle), secondary (those showing pathological myocardial involvement as part of a neuromuscular disorder) and those in which cardiomyopathy is the first/predominant manifestation of a neuromuscular disorder. Cardiomyopathies may be further classified as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, or unclassified cardiomyopathy (noncompaction, Takotsubo-cardiomyopathy). This review focuses on secondary cardiomyopathies and those in which cardiomyopathy is the predominant manifestation of a myopathy. Any of them may cause neurological disease, and any of them may be a manifestation of a neurological disorder. Neurological disease most frequently caused by cardiomyopathies is ischemic stroke, followed by transitory ischemic attack, syncope, or vertigo. Neurological disease, which most frequently manifests with cardiomyopathies are the neuromuscular disorders. Most commonly associated with cardiomyopathies are muscular dystrophies, myofibrillar myopathies, congenital myopathies and metabolic myopathies. Management of neurological disease caused by cardiomyopathies is not at variance from the same neurological disorders due to other causes. Management of secondary cardiomyopathies is not different from that of cardiomyopathies due to other causes either. Patients with neuromuscular disorders require early cardiologic investigations and close follow-ups, patients with cardiomyopathies require neurological investigation and avoidance of muscle toxic medication if a neuromuscular disorder is diagnosed. Which patients with cardiomyopathy profit most from primary stroke prevention is unsolved and requires further investigations.
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