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Zhang X, Xiao J, Li X, Cui J, Wang K, He Q, Liu M. Low Serum Dehydroepiandrosterone Is Associated With Diabetic Kidney Disease in Men With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:915494. [PMID: 35784547 PMCID: PMC9240345 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.915494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remained unclear. Thus, this cross-sectional study aimed to explore the associations of DHEA and DHEAS with the risk of DKD in patients with T2DM. METHODS The information of 1251 patients with T2DM were included in this study. Serum DHEA and DHEAS were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assays. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations of DHEA and DHEAS with DKD as well as high urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR). RESULTS In men with T2DM, the risk of DKD decreased with an increasing DHEA concentration after adjustment for traditional risk factors; the fully adjusted OR (95% CI) for tertile3 vs tertile1 was 0.37 (0.19-0.70; P = 0.010 for trend). Similarly, when taking high ACR as the outcome, low DHEA levels were still significantly associated with increased odds of high ACR (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.19-0.72 for tertile3 vs tertile1; P = 0.012 for trend). The restricted cubic spline showed that the risk of DKD gradually decreased with the increment of serum DHEA levels (P-overall = 0.007; P-nonlinear = 0.161). DHEAS was not independently associated with the risk of DKD in men. In contrast, no significant relationships were found between DHEA and DHEAS and the risk of DKD in women (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In men with T2DM, low serum DHEA levels were independently related to the risk of DKD after adjustment for traditional risk factors. Our finding highlights the potential role of DHEA in the development of DKD in men with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinfeng Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingqiu Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kunling Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Liu, ; Qing He, ; Kunling Wang,
| | - Qing He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Liu, ; Qing He, ; Kunling Wang,
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Liu, ; Qing He, ; Kunling Wang,
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Dehydroepiandrosterone on metabolism and the cardiovascular system in the postmenopausal period. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 98:39-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01842-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Teixeira CJ, Ribeiro LM, Veras K, da Cunha Araujo LC, Curi R, de Oliveira Carvalho CR. Dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation is not beneficial in the late postmenopausal period in diet-induced obese rats. Life Sci 2018; 202:110-116. [PMID: 29601891 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is an adrenal steroid hormone that is a precursor of sexual hormones. It is reduced during aging and is strongly associated with insulin resistance and obesity. There is evidence for beneficial effects of this steroid, in both human and animal models, during perimenopause. However, the impact of DHEA treatment during late postmenopause on glucose metabolism is not clearly documented. We tested the hypothesis that DHEA supplementation could improve insulin sensitivity in an ovariectomized obese rat model (OVX) that was fed a high-fat diet for 11 weeks. MAIN METHODS Female Wistar rats at 8 weeks of age were OVX or SHAM-operated. Eight weeks after the surgery, the animals were randomly treated with vehicle or DHEA for 3 weeks. Food intake, metabolic parameters and insulin sensitivity were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS Following the ovariectomy, increased body weight gain, adiposity index, and feeding efficiency were observed, despite there being no change in food and energy intake. The OVX rats also displayed glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, decreased insulin-induced IRS1/2 tyrosine phosphorylation in the skeletal muscle, and reduced serum VLDL-c and TAG levels. OVX rats treated with 10 mg/kg DHEA (OVX + DHEA) exhibited estradiol (E2) serum levels similar to SHAM animals, with no change in uterus mass. DHEA treatment also resulted in an increase in energy intake. SIGNIFICANCE Despite the positive effects of DHEA supplementation observed in menopausal women and ovariectomized rats, a potential negative effect on glucose metabolism and insulin action in the late postmenopausal condition in diet-induced obese OVX rats are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Jordão Teixeira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof. Lineu Prestes Ave., ICB 1, Sao Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciene Maria Ribeiro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof. Lineu Prestes Ave., ICB 1, Sao Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Katherine Veras
- Department of Nutrition, University of Mogi das Cruzes, 200 Dr. Cândido X. A. Souza Ave., Sao Paulo 08780-911, SP, Brazil
| | - Layanne Cabral da Cunha Araujo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof. Lineu Prestes Ave., ICB 1, Sao Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, 868 Galvao Bueno, Sao Paulo 01506-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Roberta de Oliveira Carvalho
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof. Lineu Prestes Ave., ICB 1, Sao Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil.
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Karbowska J, Kochan Z. Effects of DHEA on metabolic and endocrine functions of adipose tissue. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2015; 14:65-74. [PMID: 25436721 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2013-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate ester, DHEAS, are the major circulating adrenal steroids and serve as substrates for sex hormone biosynthesis. DHEA is effectively taken up by adipose tissue, where the concentrations of free DHEA are four to ten times higher than those found in the circulation. DHEA reduces adipose tissue mass and inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes; it may also protect against obesity by lowering the activity of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 in fat cells. Recent studies demonstrate that DHEA stimulates triacylglycerol hydrolysis in adipose tissue by increasing the expression and activity of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase, the key enzymes of lipolysis. DHEA has been shown to modulate insulin signaling pathways, enhance glucose uptake in adipocytes, and increase insulin sensitivity in patients with DHEA deficiency or abnormal glucose tolerance. Additionally, by suppressing the activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 in adipocytes, DHEA may promote intra-adipose inactivation of cortisol to cortisone. Several studies have demonstrated that DHEA may also regulate the expression and secretion of adipokines such as leptin, adiponectin, and resistin. The effects of DHEA on adipokine expression in adipose tissue are depot-specific, with visceral fat being the most responsive. The mechanisms underlying DHEA actions in adipose tissue are still unclear; however, they involve nuclear receptors such as androgen receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ and α. Because clinical trials investigating the effects of DHEA failed to yield consistent results, further studies are needed to clarify the role of DHEA in the regulation of human adipose tissue physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Karbowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
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Cecconello AL, Trapp M, Hoefel AL, Marques CV, Arbo BD, Osterkamp G, Kucharski LCR, Ribeiro MFM. Sex-related differences in the effects of high-fat diets on DHEA-treated rats. Endocrine 2015; 48:985-94. [PMID: 25300783 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-014-0396-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have investigated the beneficial effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on lipid and glucose metabolism. However, many of these studies are inconclusive about the effects of DHEA administration on metabolic disorders, and there appear to be sex-related differences in the effects of DHEA treatment. Few animal studies have addressed the effects of DHEA on diet-induced metabolic disorders. The present study sought to ascertain whether sex differences exist in the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on weight gain, adiposity, and biochemical and hormonal parameters in DHEA-treated rats. Rats were fed a HFD for 4 weeks and simultaneously received treatment with DHEA (10 mg/kg by subcutaneous injection) once weekly. Body weight, retroperitoneal fat depot weight, serum glucose, insulin, and leptin levels, and hepatic lipids were measured. HFD exposure increased the adiposity index in both sexes, the hepatic triglyceride content in both sexes, and the hepatic total cholesterol level in males. Moreover, the HFD induced an increase in blood glucose levels in both sexes, and hyperinsulinemia in males. In this experimental model, DHEA treatment reduced hepatic triglyceride levels only in females, regardless of HFD exposure. Exposure to a HFD, even if it does not cause obesity, may enhance risk factors for metabolic disorders, and males are more sensitive to this effect. DHEA treatment can help prevent metabolic derangements, but its effect varies with sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lúcia Cecconello
- Laboratório de Interação Neuro-Humoral, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90050-170, Brazil,
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Amrami-Weizman A, Maayan R, Gil-Ad I, Pashinian A, Fuchs C, Kotler M, Poyurovsky M. The effect of reboxetine co-administration with olanzapine on metabolic and endocrine profile in schizophrenia patients. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2013; 230:23-7. [PMID: 23828160 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-013-3199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE We previously demonstrated that the addition of the selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor reboxetine attenuates olanzapine-induced weight gain. Using the same study sample, we also sought to determine whether reboxetine's weight-attenuating effect was accompanied by a beneficial effect on metabolic and endocrine parameters relevant to antipsychotic-induced weight gain and obesity. METHOD Blood samples at baseline and at the end of the 6-week trial were available for 54 participants who participated in previous double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of reboxetine (4 mg BID) addition to olanzapine-treated schizophrenia patients. Fasting glucose, lipid profile, insulin, leptin, cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), prolactin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were analyzed. RESULTS In contrast to the olanzapine/placebo group, the olanzapine/reboxetine group exhibited a reduction in blood triglyceride (p < 0.05) and leptin (p < 0.05) levels, and elevation in cortisol (p < 0.05) and DHEA (p < 0.008) levels. No significant between-group differences were detected in the changes in cholesterol, glucose, insulin, TSH, and prolactin. CONCLUSIONS Reboxetine addition resulted in meaningful improvement of some metabolic and endocrine measures associated with olanzapine-induced weight gain. The potential role of reboxetine in the prevention of olanzapine-induced weight gain and cardio-metabolic morbidity merits further large-scale, long-term investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Amrami-Weizman
- Beer Yakov Mental Health Center affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Park Y, Jung MK, Yoon SY, Lee HR, Hur DY, Kim D, Yang Y, Kim TS, Kim S, Yoon SR, Park HJ, Bang SI, Cho DH. The combination of DHEA, histamine, and insulin increases adipogenic differentiation and enhances tissue transplantation outcome in mice. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2013; 60:356-64. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoorim Park
- Department of Life Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Jung
- Department of Life Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Yoon
- Department of Life Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Reum Lee
- Department of Life Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Hur
- Department of Anatomy; Inje University College of Medicine; Pusan; Republic of Korea
| | - Daejin Kim
- Department of Anatomy; Inje University College of Medicine; Pusan; Republic of Korea
| | - Yoolhee Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery; College of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sung Kim
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghan Kim
- Department of Anatomy; Inje University College of Medicine; Pusan; Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Ran Yoon
- Immunotherapy Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Daejeon; Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Park
- Department of Dermatology; Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Sa Ik Bang
- Department of Plastic Surgery; College of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Ho Cho
- Department of Life Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
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Fleuren WWM, Toonen EJM, Verhoeven S, Frijters R, Hulsen T, Rullmann T, van Schaik R, de Vlieg J, Alkema W. Identification of new biomarker candidates for glucocorticoid induced insulin resistance using literature mining. BioData Min 2013; 6:2. [PMID: 23379763 PMCID: PMC3577498 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0381-6-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoids are potent anti-inflammatory agents used for the treatment of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis. Unfortunately, usage is limited because of metabolic side-effects, e.g. insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and diabetes. To gain more insight into the mechanisms behind glucocorticoid induced insulin resistance, it is important to understand which genes play a role in the development of insulin resistance and which genes are affected by glucocorticoids.Medline abstracts contain many studies about insulin resistance and the molecular effects of glucocorticoids and thus are a good resource to study these effects. RESULTS We developed CoPubGene a method to automatically identify gene-disease associations in Medline abstracts. We used this method to create a literature network of genes related to insulin resistance and to evaluate the importance of the genes in this network for glucocorticoid induced metabolic side effects and anti-inflammatory processes.With this approach we found several genes that already are considered markers of GC induced IR, such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase, catalytic subunit (G6PC). In addition, we found genes involved in steroid synthesis that have not yet been recognized as mediators of GC induced IR. CONCLUSIONS With this approach we are able to construct a robust informative literature network of insulin resistance related genes that gave new insights to better understand the mechanisms behind GC induced IR. The method has been set up in a generic way so it can be applied to a wide variety of disease networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilco WM Fleuren
- Computational Drug Discovery (CDD), CMBI, NCMLS, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Bioinformatics Centre (NBIC), P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik JM Toonen
- Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Raoul Frijters
- Computational Drug Discovery (CDD), CMBI, NCMLS, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Present address: Rijk Zwaan Nederland BV, Fijnaart, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Hulsen
- Computational Drug Discovery (CDD), CMBI, NCMLS, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Present address: Philips Research Europe, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jacob de Vlieg
- Computational Drug Discovery (CDD), CMBI, NCMLS, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Netherlands eScience Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wynand Alkema
- Computational Drug Discovery (CDD), CMBI, NCMLS, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Present address: NIZO Food Research BV, Ede, The Netherlands
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Opposing effects of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and free testosterone on metabolic phenotype in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2012; 98:1318-25.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Gómez-Santos C, Hernández-Morante JJ, Tébar FJ, Granero E, Garaulet M. Differential effect of oral dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate on metabolic syndrome features in pre- and postmenopausal obese women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2012; 77:548-54. [PMID: 22136516 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04306.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect in obese pre- and postmenopausal women of a daily dose of 100 mg dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEA-S) provided over a period of 3 months as replacement therapy against metabolic syndrome. CONTEXT Although DHEA-S appears to be effective against certain features of metabolic syndrome, its usefulness against this syndrome as a whole has not been evaluated to date. DESIGN/PATIENTS A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted involving 61 postmenopausal women, who received DHEA-S (n = 41) or placebo (n = 20) for 3 months. The effect of DHEA-S treatment on the same postmenopausal women was compared with the effects observed in a group of premenopausal women (n = 20). MEASUREMENTS Anthropometric measurements were taken at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. Similarly, different parameters that define metabolic syndrome and other cardiometabolic variables were determined. RESULTS Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate replacement produced weight loss in the obese women studied. Moreover, waist circumference, glucose and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, among other metabolic syndrome parameters, improved in the postmenopausal group, who showed a significant reduction in the total metabolic syndrome score (P < 0·05). In contrast, in premenopausal women, the effect of DHEA-S was limited to obesity parameters, and no effect was observed on metabolic syndrome components. No significant changes were evident in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS An oral dose of DHEA-S is useful for weight loss. In obese postmenopausal women, the hormone significantly improves plasma biochemical levels and anthropometric characteristics, leading to a better metabolic profile, which highlights the usefulness of this therapy against metabolic syndrome in this group of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Gómez-Santos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Adrenarche and middle childhood. HUMAN NATURE-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY BIOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE 2012; 22:327-49. [PMID: 22388879 DOI: 10.1007/s12110-011-9120-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Middle childhood, the period from 6 to 12 years of age, is defined socially by increasing autonomy and emotional regulation, somatically by the development of anatomical structures for subsistence, and endocrinologically by adrenarche, the adrenal production of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Here I suggest that DHEA plays a key role in the coordinated development of the brain and body beginning with middle childhood, via energetic allocation. I argue that with adrenarche, increasing levels of circulating DHEA act to down-regulate the release of glucose into circulation and hence limit the supply of glucose which is needed by the brain for synaptogenesis. Furthermore, I suggest the antioxidant properties of DHEA may be important in maintaining synaptic plasticity throughout middle childhood within slow-developing areas of the cortex, including the insula, thamalus, and anterior cingulate cortex. In addition, DHEA may play a role in the development of body odor as a reliable social signal of behavioral changes associated with middle childhood.
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Sato K, Iemitsu M, Aizawa K, Mesaki N, Ajisaka R, Fujita S. DHEA administration and exercise training improves insulin resistance in obese rats. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2012; 9:47. [PMID: 22647230 PMCID: PMC3433349 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-9-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is precursor of sex steroid hormone. We demonstrated that acute DHEA injection to type 1 diabetes model rats induced improvement of hyperglycemia. However, the effect of the combination of DHEA administration and exercise training on insulin resistance is still unclear. This study was undertaken to determine whether 6-weeks of DHEA administration and/or exercise training improve insulin resistance in obese male rats. METHODS After 14 weeks of a high-sucrose diet, obese male Wistar rats were assigned randomly to one of four groups: control, DHEA administration, exercise training, and a combination of DHEA administration and exercise training (n = 10 each group). RESULTS After 6-weeks of DHEA administration and/or exercise training, rats in the combination group weighed significantly less and had lower serum insulin levels than rats in the other groups. Moreover, the rats treated with DHEA alone or DHEA and exercise had significantly lower fasting glucose levels (combination, 84 ± 6.5 mg/dL; DHEA, 102 ± 9.5 mg/dL; control, 148 ± 10.5 mg/dL). In addition, insulin sensitivity check index showed significant improvements in the combination group (combination, 0.347 ± 0.11; exercise, 0.337 ± 0.16%; DHEA, 0.331 ± 0.14; control, 0.308 ± 0.12). Muscular DHEA and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) concentrations were significantly higher in the combination group, and closely correlated with the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (DHEA: r = 0.71, p < 0.01; DHT: r = 0.69, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION These results showed that a combination of DHEA administration and exercise training effectively improved fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, and insulin sensitivity, which may reflect increased muscular DHEA and DHT concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Sato
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.
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Gómez-Santos C, Larqué E, Granero E, Hernández-Morante JJ, Garaulet M. Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate replacement improves the human plasma fatty acid profile in plasma of obese women. Steroids 2011; 76:1425-32. [PMID: 21840329 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2011.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
DHEA-S treatment is used as an anti-aging and anti-obesity hormone therapy in adults; however, it mechanisms of action are not clearly elucidated. The objective of the present work was to analyze the effect of a replacement therapy, which included a daily single oral dose of DHEA-S for three months, on the composition of human plasma fatty acids (FAs) in obese women. In the first study, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted involving 61 postmenopausal women, who were assigned to receive 100mg/day of DHEA-S (n = 41) or placebo (n = 20) orally for 3 months. In a second study, the effect of DHEA-S treatment on postmenopausal obese women (n = 41) was compared to that in premenopausal obese women (n = 20). Blood samples were collected at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. Plasma FAs were analyzed by gas chromatography. DHEA-S treatment produced significant changes in plasma FAs of both post- and premenopausal women with a reduction of total saturated FAs (SFA) as well as an increase in n-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA). Particularly, in premenopausal women the DHEA-S treatment also increased the plasma n-3 PUFA percentage. Regarding estimation of desaturase activity, our data showed that Δ6-desaturase was significantly decreased in postmenopausal women after DHEA-S treatment, whereas Δ5-desaturase was increased in the premenopausal group. In conclusion, DHEA-S treatment in obese women modifies plasma FA composition towards a potentially better metabolic profile, mainly by decreasing SFA and increasing n-6 PUFA in both postmenopausal and premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gómez-Santos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Ahlem CN, Auci DL, Nicoletti F, Pieters R, Kennedy MR, Page TM, Reading CL, Enioutina EY, Frincke JM. Pharmacology and immune modulating properties of 5-androstene-3β,7β,17β-triol, a DHEA metabolite in the human metabolome. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 126:87-94. [PMID: 21570467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2011] [Accepted: 04/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Androst-5-ene-3β,7β,17β-triol (βAET) is an anti-inflammatory metabolite of DHEA that is found naturally in humans, but in rodents only after exogenous DHEA administration. Unlike DHEA, C-7-oxidized DHEA metabolites cannot be metabolized into potent androgens or estrogens, and are not peroxisome proliferators in rodents. The objective of our current studies was to characterize the pharmacology of βAET to enable clinical trials in humans. The pharmacology of βAET was characterized by pharmacokinetics, drug metabolism, nuclear hormone receptor interactions, androgenicity, estrogenicity, and systemic toxicity studies. βAET's acute anti-inflammatory activity and immune modulating characteristics were measured in vitro in RAW264.7 cells and in vivo in murine models with parenteral administration. βAET was rapidly metabolized and cleared from circulation in mice and monkeys. βAET was weakly androgenic and estrogenic in immature rodents, but not bound by androgen, estrogen, progesterone, or glucocorticoid nuclear hormone receptors. βAET did not induce peroxisome proliferation, nor was it systemically toxic or trophic for sex hormone responsive tissues in mature rats and monkeys. βAET significantly attenuated acute inflammation both in vitro and in vivo, augmented immune responses in adult mice, and reversed immune senescence in aged mice. βAET may contribute to the anti-inflammatory activity in rodents attributed to DHEA. Unlike DHEA, βAET's anti-inflammatory activity cannot be ascribed to activation of PPARs, androgen, or estrogen nuclear hormone receptors. Exogenous βAET is unlikely to produce untoward toxicity or hormonal perturbations in humans.
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Sato K, Iemitsu M, Aizawa K, Mesaki N, Fujita S. Increased muscular dehydroepiandrosterone levels are associated with improved hyperglycemia in obese rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2011; 301:E274-80. [PMID: 21285401 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00564.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to assess the effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) administration and exercise training on muscular DHEA and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels and hyperglycemia in diet-induced obese and hyperglycemic rats. After 14 wk of a high-sucrose diet, obese male Wistar rats were assigned randomly to one of three 6-wk regimens: control, DHEA treatment, or exercise training (running at 25 m/min for 1 h, 5 days/wk; n = 10 each group). Results indicate that either 6 wk of DHEA treatment or exercise training significantly attenuated serum insulin and fasting glucose levels compared with the control group. Plasma and muscle concentrations of DHEA and DHT and expression levels of 5α-reductase were significantly higher in the DHEA-treated and exercise-training groups. Moreover, both DHEA administration and exercise training upregulated GLUT4 translocation with concomitant increases in protein kinase B and protein kinase Cζ/λ phosphorylation. Muscle DHEA and DHT concentrations closely correlated with blood glucose levels (DHEA treatment: r = -0.68, P < 0.001; exercise training: r = -0.65, P < 0.001), serum insulin levels, and activation of the GLUT4-regulated signaling pathway. Thus, increased levels of muscle sex steroids may contribute to improved fasting glucose levels via upregulation of GLUT4-regulated signaling in diet-induced obesity and hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Sato
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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Yang NC, Song TY, Chen MY, Hu ML. Effects of 2-deoxyglucose and dehydroepiandrosterone on intracellular NAD(+) level, SIRT1 activity and replicative lifespan of human Hs68 cells. Biogerontology 2011; 12:527-36. [PMID: 21604001 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-011-9342-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) have been hypothesized to extend lifespan via mimicking calorie restriction (CR). Activation of sirtuins has been proposed to contribute to life extension of CR by increasing intercellular levels of NAD(+) in several organisms. However, it is unclear whether 2-DG and DHEA may affect intracellular NAD(+) levels and human sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activities. Here, using human fibroblast Hs68 cells we showed that 2-DG increased intracellular NAD(+) levels in both time- and concentration-dependent manners. 2-DG also dose-dependently increased SIRT1 activities and the lifespan (measured as the cumulated growth curve of population doubling levels) of Hs68 cells. In contrast, DHEA at non-cytotoxic concentrations (≤50 μM) did not significantly affect NAD(+) levels, SIRT1 activities or the lifespan of Hs68 cells. These results suggest that 2-DG extends the lifespan of Hs68 cells by increased NAD(+) levels and SIRT1 activities, and that 2-DG has a potential as a CR mimetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nae-Cherng Yang
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University and Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
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Chen MJ, Chen CD, Yang JH, Chen CL, Ho HN, Yang WS, Yang YS. High serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate is associated with phenotypic acne and a reduced risk of abdominal obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod 2010; 26:227-34. [PMID: 21088016 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deq308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are known to have high prevalence of acne and elevated androgen levels. The current study aims to determine if dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) level is associated with the presence of acne and reduced risk of abdominal obesity in women with PCOS, after considering the concurrent high testosterone level and insulin resistance (IR). METHODS Three hundred and eighteen untreated consecutive Taiwanese women with PCOS were enrolled. Phenotypic hyperandrogenism was recorded, and BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, lipid profiles, fasting glucose and insulin levels and hormone profiles were measured. RESULTS Women with acne were younger, had higher serum DHEAS levels (6.01 ± 3.45 versus 4.87 ± 2.49 μmol/l, P = 0.002) and a lower BMI (P = 0.0006), but comparable serum testosterone levels, in comparison with women without acne. The aggravating effect of elevated DHEAS on the risk of acne (odds ratio = 2.15, 95% confidence interval: 1.25-3.68, P = 0.005 for DHEAS cut-off of 6.68 μmol/l) still exited after adjustment for age and BMI. The DHEAS level was positively correlated with the testosterone level, but inversely related to waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, BMI, IR index, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides. Women with PCOS in the highest quartile of DHEAS had the lowest risk of abdominal obesity after adjustment for age, IR, dyslipidemia, testosterone and estradiol levels. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated the high serum DHEAS in women with PCOS was associated with the presence of acne and a significantly reduced risk of abdominal obesity, independent of serum testosterone concentration and IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Jou Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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