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You H, Shin U, Kwon DH, Hwang J, Lee GY, Han SN. The effects of in vitro vitamin D treatment on glycolytic reprogramming of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells from Ldlr knock-out mouse. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167436. [PMID: 39067537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) undergo glycolytic reprogramming, a metabolic conversion process essential for their activation. Vitamin D has been reported to affect the function of DCs, but studies in metabolic diseases are insufficient. This study investigates the effects of in vitro 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) treatment on glycolytic reprogramming of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) from control, obese, and atherosclerosis mice. Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a control diet (CON) or a Western diet (WD), and B6.129S7-Ldlrtm1Her/J mice were fed a Western diet (LDLR-/-) for 16 weeks. BMDCs were cultured in a medium containing 1,25(OH)2D3 (10 nM) for 7 days and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 50 ng/mL) for 24 h. In mature BMDCs, 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment decreased basal and compensatory glycolytic proton efflux rates (glycoPER), the expression of surface markers related to immune function of DCs (MHC class II, CD80, and CD86), and IL-12p70 production. In addition, mTORC1 activation and nitric oxide (NO) production were suppressed by 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment in mature BMDCs. The effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment on IL-12p70 production and mTORC1 activity in the LDLR-/- group was greater than in the CON group. These findings suggest that vitamin D can affect the metabolic environment of BMDCs by regulating glycolytic reprogramming as well as by inducing tolerogenic phenotypes of DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyoung You
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ungue Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Hoon Kwon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Young Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Nim Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Murdaca G, Tagliafico L, Page E, Paladin F, Gangemi S. Gender Differences in the Interplay between Vitamin D and Microbiota in Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1023. [PMID: 38790985 PMCID: PMC11117902 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The synergic role of vitamin D and the intestinal microbiota in the regulation of the immune system has been thoroughly described in the literature. Vitamin D deficiency and intestinal dysbiosis have shown a pathogenetic role in the development of numerous immune-mediated and allergic diseases. The physiological processes underlying aging and sex have proven to be capable of having a negative influence both on vitamin D values and the biodiversity of the microbiome. This leads to a global increase in levels of systemic inflammatory markers, with potential implications for all immune-mediated diseases and allergic conditions. Our review aims to collect and analyze the relationship between vitamin D and the intestinal microbiome with the immune system and the diseases associated with it, emphasizing the effect mediated by sexual hormones and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Murdaca
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy (E.P.)
- Allergology and Clinical Immunology Unit, San Bartolomeo Hospital, 19038 Sarzana, Italy
| | - Luca Tagliafico
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy (E.P.)
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Page
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy (E.P.)
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Paladin
- Elderly and Disabeld Department, San Paolo Hospital, 17100 Savona, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Shin U, You H, Lee GY, Son Y, Han SN. The effects of 1,25(OH) 2D 3 treatment on metabolic reprogramming and maturation in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells from control and diabetic mice. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 225:106197. [PMID: 36183994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Activated dendritic cells (DCs) undergo significant metabolic reprogramming, which is characterized by an increase in aerobic glycolysis and a concurrent progressive loss of oxidative phosphorylation. The modulation of metabolic reprogramming is believed to be closely related to the function of DCs. Vitamin D has been reported to inhibit the maturation of DCs. DC dysfunction has been reported in diabetic patients, and hyperglycemia is associated with impaired glycolytic metabolism in immune cells. Therefore, vitamin D and diabetes may affect intracellular metabolism, thereby regulating the activity of DCs. We investigated the effect of in vitro treatment of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) on metabolic reprogramming and maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) from diabetic mouse. Six-week-old male C57BLKS/J-m+/m+ mice (CON) and C57BLKS/J-db/db mice (db/db) were fed with a 10% kcal fat diet for seven weeks. BMDCs were generated by culturing bone marrow cells from the mice with rmGM-CSF (20 ng/mL) in the absence or presence of 10 nM 1,25(OH)2D3. The maturation of BMDCs was induced via lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 50 ng/mL) stimulation for 24 h. LPS stimulation induced iNOS protein expression and decreased the mitochondrial respiration, while increased lactate production and the expression of glycolytic pathway-related genes (Glut1 and Pfkfb3) in BMDCs from both CON and db/db groups. In LPS-stimulated mature BMDCs, 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment decreased the expression of surface markers related to immunostimulatory functions (MHC class II, CD80, CD86, and CD40) and production of IL-12p70 in both CON and db/db groups. While the mRNA level of the gene related to glucose uptake (Glut1) was increased in both groups, lactate production was decreased by 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. mTORC1 activity was suppressed following 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. Collectively, our findings confirmed that metabolic reprogramming occurred in BMDCs following LPS stimulation. In vitro 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment induced tolerogenic phenotypes by reducing the expression of surface markers, as well as cytokine production. However, no significant difference was observed regarding the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment on metabolic conversion and maturation of BMDCs between the control and diabetic mice. Additionally, the decreased aerobic glycolysis induced by the 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment appeared to be associated with the diminished maturation of BMDCs, and mTORC1 appears to play a key role in the 1,25(OH)2D3-mediated regulation of glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ungue Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeyoung You
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Ga Young Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, the Republic of Korea.
| | - YeKyoung Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Nim Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, the Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, the Republic of Korea.
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Harahap IA, Landrier JF, Suliburska J. Interrelationship between Vitamin D and Calcium in Obesity and Its Comorbid Conditions. Nutrients 2022; 14:3187. [PMID: 35956362 PMCID: PMC9370653 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been linked to vitamin D (VD) deficiency and low calcium (CAL) status. In the last decade, dietary supplementation of vitamin D and calcium (VD-CAL) have been extensively studied in animal experiments and human studies. However, the physiological mechanisms remain unknown as to whether the VD-CAL axis improves homeostasis and reduces biomarkers in regulating obesity and other metabolic diseases directly or indirectly. This review sought to investigate their connections. This topic was examined in scientific databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed from 2011 to 2021, and 87 articles were generated for interpretation. Mechanistically, VD-CAL regulates from the organs to the blood, influencing insulin, lipids, hormone, cell, and inflammatory functions in obesity and its comorbidities, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, and type-2 diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, previous research has not consistently shown that simultaneous VD-CAL supplementation affects weight loss or reduces fat content. This discrepancy may be influenced by population age and diversity, ethnicity, and geographical location, and also by degree of obesity and applied doses. Therefore, a larger prospective cohort and randomised trials are needed to determine the exact role of VD-CAL and their interrelationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iskandar Azmy Harahap
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland;
| | | | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland;
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Kang MS, Park CY, Lee GY, Cho DH, Kim SJ, Han SN. Effects of in vitro vitamin D treatment on function of T cells and autophagy mechanisms in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Nutr Res Pract 2021; 15:673-685. [PMID: 34858547 PMCID: PMC8601947 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2021.15.6.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Obesity is associated with the impaired regulation of T cells characterized by increased numbers of Th1 and Th17 cells and the dysregulation of vitamin D metabolism. Both obesity and vitamin D have been reported to affect autophagy; however, a limited number of studies have investigated the effects of vitamin D on T cell autophagy in obese mice. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether in vitro treatment with vitamin D affects the proliferation, function, and autophagy of T cells from obese and control mice. MATERIALS/METHODS Five-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed control or high-fat diets (10% or 45% kcal fat: CON or HFDs, respectively) for 12 weeks. Purified T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies and cultured with either 10 nM 1,25(OH)2D3 or 0.1% ethanol (vehicle control). The proliferative response; expression of CD25, Foxp3, RORγt, and autophagy-related proteins (LC3A/B, SQSTM1/P62, BECLIN-1, ATG12); and the production of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-17A, and IL-10 by T cells were measured. RESULTS Compared with the CON group, T cell proliferation tended to be lower, and the production of IFN-γ was higher in the HFD group. IL-17A production was reduced by 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment in both groups. The LC3 II/I ratio was higher in the HFD group than the CON group, but P62 did not differ. We observed no effect of vitamin D treatment on T cell autophagy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that diet-induced obesity may impair the function and inhibit autophagy of T cells, possibly leading to the dysregulation of T cell homeostasis, which may be behind the aggravation of inflammation commonly observed in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Su Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Chan Yoon Park
- Department of Food & Nutrition, College of Health Science, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Korea
| | - Ga Young Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Da Hye Cho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - So Jeong Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sung Nim Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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The effects of dietary vitamin D supplementation and in vitro 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D 3 treatment on autophagy in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells from high-fat diet-induced obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 100:108880. [PMID: 34655755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with the dysregulation of vitamin D metabolism and altered immune responses in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Vitamin D can affect the differentiation, maturation, and activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and regulate autophagy via vitamin D receptor signaling. Autophagy was shown to be involved in the functions of DCs. We investigated the effects of dietary vitamin D supplementation and in vitro 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) treatment on autophagy in BMDCs from control diet (CON)-fed lean and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. C57BL/6 male mice were fed CON or HFD with 10% or 45% kcal fat, respectively, supplemented with 1,000 or 10,000 IU vitamin D/kg diet (vDC or vDS) for 12 weeks. BMDCs were generated by culturing bone marrow cells from the mice with 20 ng/mL rmGM-CSF and treated with 1 nM 1,25(OH)2D3. Maturation of BMDCs was induced by lipopolysaccharide (50 ng/mL) stimulation. Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited the expression of phenotypes related to DC function (MHC class Ⅱ, CD86, CD80) and production of IL-12p70 by BMDCs from control and obese mice, regardless of dietary vitamin D supplementation. LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ and VPS34 protein levels increased, and p62 expression decreased, after 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment of the BMDCs in CON-vDC only. Vdr mRNA levels decreased following 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment of BMDCs in the HFD-vDC. In conclusion, autophagy flux was increased by 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment of the BMDCs in CON-vDC but not in the HFD-vDC group. This suggests that the decreased expression of Vdr following 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment might have affected autophagy flux in BMDCs from obese mice.
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Sun Y, Long J, Chen W, Sun Y, Zhou L, Zhang L, Zeng H, Yuan D. Alisol B 23-acetate, a new promoter for cholesterol efflux from dendritic cells, alleviates dyslipidemia and inflammation in advanced atherosclerotic mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107956. [PMID: 34284288 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is characterized by dyslipidemia and chronic inflammation. In the high-fat environment, the lipid metabolism of dendritic cells (DCs) is abnormal, which leads to abnormal immune function, promotes the occurrence of immune inflammatory reactions, and promotes the development of AS. Alisol B 23-acetate (23B) is a triterpenoid in the rhizomes of Alisma, which is a traditional Chinese medicine. Here, we identified cholesterol metabolism-related targets of 23B through a virtual screen, and further transcriptome analysis revealed that 23B can change antigen presentation and cholesterol metabolism pathways in cholesterol-loaded DCs. In vitro experiments confirmed that 23B promoted cholesterol efflux from ApoE-/- DCs, reduced the expression of MHC II, CD80, and CD86, and inhibited the activation of CD4+ T cells and the production of inflammatory cytokines IL-12 and IFN-γ. In advanced AS mice, 23B can decrease triacylglycerol (TG) levels and increase high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in plasma and the expression of cholesterol efflux genes in the aorta. Neither helper T cells 1 (Th1) nor regulatory T cells (Tregs) in peripheral blood changed significantly in the presence of 23B, but 23B reduced the levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ in serum. However, 23B did not change the total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in serum or lipid accumulation in the aorta. Moreover, 23B did not increase the production of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in vivo or in vitro. These results indicate that 23B promotes cholesterol efflux from DCs, which can improve the immune inflammatory response and contribute to controlling the inflammatory status of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Long
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weikai Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunxia Sun
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Hanzhong Road 155, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Liyu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Linhui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dongping Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing 210023, China.
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