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Liu Z, Liu J, Geng J, Wu E, Zhu J, Cong B, Wu R, Sun H. Metatranscriptomic characterization of six types of forensic samples and its potential application to body fluid/tissue identification: A pilot study. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2024; 68:102978. [PMID: 37995518 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2023.102978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms are potential markers for identifying body fluids (venous and menstrual blood, semen, saliva, and vaginal secretion) and skin tissue in forensic genetics. Existing published studies have mainly focused on investigating microbial DNA by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing or metagenome shotgun sequencing. We rarely find microbial RNA level investigations on common forensic body fluid/tissue. Therefore, the use of metatranscriptomics to characterize common forensic body fluids/tissue has not been explored in detail, and the potential application of metatranscriptomics in forensic science remains unknown. Here, we performed 30 metatranscriptome analyses on six types of common forensic sample from healthy volunteers by massively parallel sequencing. After quality control and host RNA filtering, a total of 345,300 unigenes were assembled from clean reads. Four kingdoms, 137 phyla, 267 classes, 488 orders, 985 families, 2052 genera, and 4690 species were annotated across all samples. Alpha- and beta-diversity and differential analysis were also performed. As a result, the saliva and skin groups demonstrated high alpha diversity (Simpson index), while the venous blood group exhibited the lowest diversity despite a high Chao1 index. Specifically, we discussed potential microorganism contamination and the "core microbiome," which may be of special interest to forensic researchers. In addition, we implemented and evaluated artificial neural network (ANN), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM) models for forensic body fluid/tissue identification (BFID) using genus- and species-level metatranscriptome profiles. The ANN and RF prediction models discriminated six forensic body fluids/tissue, demonstrating that the microbial RNA-based method could be applied to BFID. Unlike metagenomic research, metatranscriptomic analysis can provide information about active microbial communities; thus, it may have greater potential to become a powerful tool in forensic science for microbial-based individual identification. This study represents the first attempt to explore the application potential of metatranscriptome profiles in forensic science. Our findings help deepen our understanding of the microorganism community structure at the RNA level and are beneficial for other forensic applications of metatranscriptomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiajun Liu
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiaojiao Geng
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Enlin Wu
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jianzhang Zhu
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bin Cong
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| | - Riga Wu
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Hongyu Sun
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Radaic A, Kamarajan P, Cho A, Wang S, Hung GC, Najarzadegan F, Wong DT, Ton-That H, Wang CY, Kapila YL. Biological biomarkers of oral cancer. Periodontol 2000 2023:10.1111/prd.12542. [PMID: 38073011 PMCID: PMC11163022 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) 5 year survival rate of 41% has marginally improved in the last few years, with less than a 1% improvement per year from 2005 to 2017, with higher survival rates when detected at early stages. Based on histopathological grading of oral dysplasia, it is estimated that severe dysplasia has a malignant transformation rate of 7%-50%. Despite these numbers, oral dysplasia grading does not reliably predict its clinical behavior. Thus, more accurate markers predicting oral dysplasia progression to cancer would enable better targeting of these lesions for closer follow-up, especially in the early stages of the disease. In this context, molecular biomarkers derived from genetics, proteins, and metabolites play key roles in clinical oncology. These molecular signatures can help predict the likelihood of OSCC development and/or progression and have the potential to detect the disease at an early stage and, support treatment decision-making and predict treatment responsiveness. Also, identifying reliable biomarkers for OSCC detection that can be obtained non-invasively would enhance management of OSCC. This review will discuss biomarkers for OSCC that have emerged from different biological areas, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, immunomics, and microbiomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Radaic
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alex Cho
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sandy Wang
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Guo-Chin Hung
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fereshteh Najarzadegan
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David T Wong
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hung Ton-That
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cun-Yu Wang
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yvonne L Kapila
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
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Pazhani J, Chanthu K, Jayaraman S, Varun BR. Evaluation of salivary MMP-9 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia using ELISA. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2023; 27:649-654. [PMID: 38304520 PMCID: PMC10829443 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_426_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer of the lip and the oral cavity is collectively the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, out of which 90% are oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Oral cancer survival rates depend mainly upon the stage in which it is diagnosed. Successful early detection would eventually increase the survival rate. OSCCs may be preceded by potentially malignant disorders (PMDs) that are characterised by visible clinical changes in the oral mucosa. Correct diagnosis and timely treatment of PMDs may help prevent malignant transformation in oral lesions. Oral leukoplakia (OL) is the best known potentially malignant disorder of the oral mucosa with a malignant transformation rate of about 3% to 33%. Tumour markers in saliva have emerged as a new diagnostic tool in the early detection of oral cancer. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is a gelatinase which plays an important role in tumourogenisis. The present study was done to evaluate the salivary levels of MMP-9 in OSCC and oral leukoplakia patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Materials and Methods The study was conducted among 102 subjects, which included 34 OSCC patients (group I), 34 OL patients (group II), and 34 healthy subjects (group III). Unstimulated saliva was collected by the passive drooling method from all the study subjects during the study period, centrifuged, and stored at -80°C. The salivary MMP-9 was estimated in mg/ml using the sandwich ELISA technique. The data were analysed using a statistical software package, EZR. One-way analysis of variance was used for the comparison of salivary MMP-9 levels in OSCC, OL, and normal oral mucosa. Scheffe's multiple comparison was carried out to compare salivary MMP-9 levels among the different histological grades of OSCC and oral epithelial dysplasia. For all statistical interpretations, P ≤ 0.0 was considered the threshold for statistical significance. Results and Conclusion The mean salivary MMP-9 level in OSCC, OL, and normal oral mucosa was 50.9 ± 5.7 ng/ml, 31.6 ± 6 ng/ml, and 16.2 ± 4.8 ng/ml, respectively. Patients with OSCC had significantly higher levels of salivary MMP-9 when compared to OL and normal mucosa. Higher levels of salivary MMP-9 were observed in poorly differentiated OSCC when compared to well and moderately differentiated OSCCs. The salivary MMP-9 was higher in severe oral epithelial dysplasia when compared to mild and moderate oral epithelial dysplasias. As malignant transformation rates are higher in patients with severe oral epithelial dysplasia when compared to mild and moderate oral epithelial dysplasia, salivary MMP-9 could be considered as a surrogate marker of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanthi Pazhani
- Department of Oral Pathology, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Kollam, Kerala, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnasree Chanthu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B. R. Varun
- Department of Oral Pathology, PMS College of Dental Sciences and Research, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
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Lyu WN, Lin MC, Shen CY, Chen LH, Lee YH, Chen SK, Lai LC, Chuang EY, Lou PJ, Tsai MH. An Oral Microbial Biomarker for Early Detection of Recurrence of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:1783-1792. [PMID: 37565768 PMCID: PMC10496842 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the oral microbiome are associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Oral microbe-derived signatures have been utilized as markers of OSCC. However, the structure of the oral microbiome during OSCC recurrence and biomarkers for the prediction of OSCC recurrence remains unknown. To identify OSCC recurrence-associated microbial biomarkers for the prediction of OSCC recurrence, we performed 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing on 54 oral swab samples from OSCC patients. Differences in bacterial compositions were observed in patients with vs without recurrence. We found that Granulicatella, Peptostreptococcus, Campylobacter, Porphyromonas, Oribacterium, Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Capnocytophaga, and Dialister were enriched in OSCC recurrence. Functional analysis of the oral microbiome showed altered functions associated with OSCC recurrence compared with nonrecurrence. A random forest prediction model was constructed with five microbial signatures including Leptotrichia trevisanii, Capnocytophaga sputigena, Capnocytophaga, Cardiobacterium, and Olsenella to discriminate OSCC recurrence from original OSCC (accuracy = 0.963). Moreover, we validated the prediction model in another independent cohort (46 OSCC patients), achieving an accuracy of 0.761. We compared the accuracy of the prediction of OSCC recurrence between the five microbial signatures and two clinicopathological parameters, including resection margin and lymph node counts. The results predicted by the model with five microbial signatures showed a higher accuracy than those based on the clinical outcomes from the two clinicopathological parameters. This study demonstrated the validity of using recurrence-related microbial biomarkers, a noninvasive and effective method for the prediction of OSCC recurrence. Our findings may contribute to the prognosis and treatment of OSCC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ni Lyu
- Institute
of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chun Lin
- Department
of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University
Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ying Shen
- Institute
of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Li-Han Chen
- Institute
of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hua Lee
- Institute
of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Kuang Chen
- Center
for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chuan Lai
- Graduate
Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Eric Y. Chuang
- Graduate
Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan
University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen Lou
- Department
of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University
Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Hsun Tsai
- Institute
of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Kalló G, Bertalan PM, Márton I, Kiss C, Csősz É. Salivary Chemical Barrier Proteins in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma-Alterations in the Defense Mechanism of the Oral Cavity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13657. [PMID: 37686462 PMCID: PMC10487546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most frequent types of head and neck cancer. Despite the genetic and environmental risk factors, OSCC is also associated with microbial infections and/or dysbiosis. The secreted saliva serves as the chemical barrier of the oral cavity and, since OSCC can alter the protein composition of saliva, our aim was to analyze the effect of OSCC on the salivary chemical barrier proteins. Publicly available datasets regarding the analysis of salivary proteins from patients with OSCC and controls were collected and examined in order to identify differentially expressed chemical barrier proteins. Network analysis and gene ontology (GO) classification of the differentially expressed chemical barrier proteins were performed as well. One hundred and twenty-seven proteins showing different expression pattern between the OSCC and control groups were found. Protein-protein interaction networks of up- and down-regulated proteins were constructed and analyzed. The main hub proteins (IL-6, IL-1B, IL-8, TNF, APOA1, APOA2, APOB, APOC3, APOE, and HP) were identified and the enriched GO terms were examined. Our study highlighted the importance of the chemical barrier of saliva in the development of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergő Kalló
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (P.M.B.); (I.M.); (É.C.)
- Biomarker Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Petra Magdolna Bertalan
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (P.M.B.); (I.M.); (É.C.)
- Biomarker Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Márton
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (P.M.B.); (I.M.); (É.C.)
| | - Csongor Kiss
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Éva Csősz
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (P.M.B.); (I.M.); (É.C.)
- Biomarker Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Sánchez-Tirado E, Agüí L, González-Cortés A, Campuzano S, Yáñez-Sedeño P, Pingarrón JM. Electrochemical (Bio)Sensing Devices for Human-Microbiome-Related Biomarkers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:837. [PMID: 36679633 PMCID: PMC9864681 DOI: 10.3390/s23020837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The study of the human microbiome is a multidisciplinary area ranging from the field of technology to that of personalized medicine. The possibility of using microbiota biomarkers to improve the diagnosis and monitoring of diseases (e.g., cancer), health conditions (e.g., obesity) or relevant processes (e.g., aging) has raised great expectations, also in the field of bioelectroanalytical chemistry. The well-known advantages of electrochemical biosensors-high sensitivity, fast response, and the possibility of miniaturization, together with the potential for new nanomaterials to improve their design and performance-position them as unique tools to provide a better understanding of the entities of the human microbiome and raise the prospect of huge and important developments in the coming years. This review article compiles recent applications of electrochemical (bio)sensors for monitoring microbial metabolites and disease biomarkers related to different types of human microbiome, with a special focus on the gastrointestinal microbiome. Examples of electrochemical devices applied to real samples are critically discussed, as well as challenges to be faced and where future developments are expected to go.
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Overexpression of lncRNA HOXA-AS2 promotes the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma by mediating SNX5 expression. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:59. [PMID: 36528556 PMCID: PMC9759889 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-022-00457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common head and neck cancers. Long non-coding RNA HOXA-AS2 (lncRNA HOXA-AS2) have been extensively studied in various cancers. However, the expression and function of HOXA-AS2 in OSCC still remain unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the roles of HOXA-AS2 in OSCC. METHODS OSCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from OSCC patients. RT-qPCR and Western blot assays were used to detect the expression of target genes in OSCC tissues or cells. Cells proliferation, migration and invasion were detected by CCK-8 and transwell assays, respectively. The target gene of HOXA-AS2 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. RESULTS We found that HOXA-AS2 expression was remarkably upregulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines. The downregulation of HOXA-AS2 inhibited cells proliferation, migration and invasion. Our bioinformatics analysis found that HOXA-AS2 can target miR-520c-3p, which was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of HOXA-AS2 was found to be negatively associated with miR-520c-3p in OSCC tissues. Moreover, sorting nexin 5 (SNX5), a downstream target of miR-520c-3p, was inhibited by miR-520c-3p overexpression. SNX5 was also increased in OSCC tissues and cell lines. Additionally, we found that the higher expression of SNX5 was strongly associated with the tumor grade of OSCC patients in Oncomine database. Most importantly, the knockdown of HOXA-AS2 induced cells apoptosis by promoting autophagy by regulating SNX5. CONCLUSION HOXA-AS2 served an oncogene and promoted OSCC progression via the miR-520c-3p/SNX5 axis. Thus, HOXA-AS2 may be a new biomarker for diagnosis and treatment of OSCC.
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Monea M, Pop AM. The Use of Salivary Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases as an Adjuvant Method in the Early Diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Literature Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:6306-6322. [PMID: 36547091 PMCID: PMC9776994 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an aggressive malignancy with increased mortality, in which the early diagnosis is the most important step in increasing patients' survival rate. Extensive research has evaluated the role of saliva as a source of diagnostic biomarkers, among which matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have shown a valuable potential for detecting even early stages of OSCC. The aim of this review was to present recent clinical data regarding the significance of salivary MMPs in the detection of early malignant transformation of the oral mucosa. A narrative review was conducted on articles published in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO and SciELO databases, using specific terms. Our search revealed that MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-12 and MMP-13 had significantly higher levels in saliva from patients with OSCC compared to controls. However, the strength of evidence is limited, as most information regarding their use as adjuvant diagnostic tools for OSCC comes from studies with a low number of participants, variable methodologies for saliva sampling and diagnostic assays, and insufficient adjustment for all covariates. MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9 were considered the most promising candidates for salivary diagnosis of OSCC, but larger studies are needed in order to validate their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Monea
- Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Anca Maria Pop
- Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
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Salivary Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Proteomic Overview. Proteomes 2022; 10:proteomes10040037. [PMID: 36412636 PMCID: PMC9680331 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes10040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide. Endoscopic methods may be useful in the evaluation of oral injuries even though the diagnostic gold standard is a biopsy. Targeted screenings could be considered the best way to prevent the occurrence of oral cancer. Aimed to elucidate the potential identification of specific biomarkers of OSCC, the use of saliva is convenient and noninvasive. Many studies reported more than a hundred putative saliva biomarkers for OSCC, and proteogenomic approaches were fundamental to disclosing this issue. METHODS Relevant literature published in the last few years was systematically searched on PubMed and we focused on articles about the use and study of salivary biomarkers in the diagnostics of head and neck cancer (n = 110). Thereafter, we performed a selection focusing on diagnosis with salivary proteomics in OSCC (n = 8). RESULTS Saliva proteomics can be a source of biomarkers for OSCC. We reviewed literature of biomarker proteins in saliva that could also be evaluated as probable targets for non-invasive screening of oral neoplasm such as cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and acute-phase response proteins. CONCLUSIONS The measurement of salivary biomarkers is a highly hopeful technique for the diagnosis of OSCC. Proteogenomic approaches could permit an accurate and early diagnosis of OSCC. This review seeks to generate an up-to-date view on translational OSCC issues by raising awareness of researchers, physicians, and surgeons. Renewed clinical studies, which will validate the sensitivity and specificity of salivary biomarkers, are necessary to translate these results into possible strategies for early diagnosis of OSCC, thus improving patient outcomes.
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Sodnom-Ish B, Eo MY, Myoung H, Lee JH, Kim SM. Next generation sequencing-based salivary biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 48:3-12. [PMID: 35221302 PMCID: PMC8890960 DOI: 10.5125/jkaoms.2022.48.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Selection of potential disease-specific biomarkers from saliva or epithelial tissues through next generation sequencing (NGS)-based protein studies has recently become possible. The early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been difficult, if not impossible, until now due to the lack of an effective OSCC biomarker and efficient molecular validation method. The aim of this study was to summarize the advances in the application of NGS in cancer research and to propose potential proteomic and genomic saliva biomarkers for NGS-based study in OSCC screening and diagnosis programs. We have reviewed four categories including definitions and use of NGS, salivary biomarkers and OSCC, current biomarkers using the NGS-based technique, and potential salivary biomarker candidates in OSCC using NGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyanbileg Sodnom-Ish
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Young Eo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoon Myoung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soung Min Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Solevåg AL, Zykova SN, Thorsby PM, Schmölzer GM. Metabolomics to Diagnose Oxidative Stress in Perinatal Asphyxia: Towards a Non-Invasive Approach. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111753. [PMID: 34829624 PMCID: PMC8615205 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need for feasible and non-invasive diagnostics in perinatal asphyxia. Metabolomics is the study of small molecular weight products of cellular metabolism that may, directly and indirectly, reflect the level of oxidative stress. Saliva analysis is a novel approach that has a yet unexplored potential in metabolomics in perinatal asphyxia. The aim of this review was to give an overview of metabolomics studies of oxidative stress in perinatal asphyxia, particularly searching for studies analyzing non-invasively collected biofluids including saliva. We searched the databases PubMed/Medline and included 11 original human and 4 animal studies. In perinatal asphyxia, whole blood, plasma, and urine are the most frequently used biofluids used for metabolomics analyses. Although changes in oxidative stress-related salivary metabolites have been reported in adults, the utility of this approach in perinatal asphyxia has not yet been explored. Human and animal studies indicate that, in addition to antioxidant enzymes, succinate and hypoxanthine, as well acylcarnitines may have discriminatory diagnostic and prognostic properties in perinatal asphyxia. Researchers may utilize the accumulating evidence of discriminatory metabolic patterns in perinatal asphyxia to develop bedside methods to measure oxidative stress metabolites in perinatal asphyxia. Although only supported by indirect evidence, saliva might be a candidate biofluid for such point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lee Solevåg
- The Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Nydalen, Norway
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-4146-9314
| | - Svetlana N. Zykova
- Biochemical Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Group, The Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Nydalen, Norway; (S.N.Z.); (P.M.T.)
| | - Per Medbøe Thorsby
- Biochemical Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Group, The Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Nydalen, Norway; (S.N.Z.); (P.M.T.)
| | - Georg M. Schmölzer
- Centre for the Studies of Asphyxia and Resuscitation, Neonatal Research Unit, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, AB 23821, Canada;
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB 23821, Canada
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12
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Manifar S, Koopaie M, Lahiji SS. Assessment of MicroRNA-15a and MicroRNA-16-1 Salivary Level in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Microrna 2021; 10:74-79. [PMID: 33970852 DOI: 10.2174/2211536610666210506125036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) includes more than 90% of malignancies of the oral cavity. Early diagnosis could effectively improve patients' quality of life and treatment outcomes of oral cancers. MicroRNAs as non-encoding genes have great potential to initiate or suppress cancer progression. Recent studies have shown that disruption of micro-RNA regulation is a common occurrence in cancers. OBJECTIVE This study set out to evaluate the expression of microRNA-15a (miR-15a) and microRNA-16-1 (miR-16-1) in the saliva of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) patients in comparison with a healthy control group. METHODS This case-control study was performed on fifteen patients with OSCC and fifteen healthy volunteers as the control group. A 5 ml of non-stimulating whole saliva was collected by spitting method from patients and controls and stored at -70oC. The expression of miR-15a and miR-16-1 was investigated using quantitative Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS MiR-15a and miR-16-1 were downregulated in OSCC patients compared with the control group (p<0.001). The sensitivity of miR-15a and miR-16-1 in differentiating OSCC patients from healthy individuals was 93.3% and 86.67%, respectively, and their specificity was 86.67% and 92.33%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of miR-15a was 90%, and miR-16-1 was 93.3%. CONCLUSION The present study showed a decrease in the relative expression of miR-15a and miR-16-1 in OSCC patients compared with healthy individuals. It is probable to introduce salivary values of miR-15a and miR-16-1 as a non-invasive tool for early detection of OSCC. Decreased expression of miR-15a and miR-16-1 in OSCC indicates the possible effective role of these genes in OSCC etiopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Manifar
- Department of Oral Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Koopaie
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Shokouhi Lahiji
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Alvariño C, Bagan L, Murillo-Cortes J, Calvo J, Bagan J. Stimulated whole salivary flow rate: The most appropriate technique for assessing salivary flow in Sjögren syndrome. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2021; 26:e404-e407. [PMID: 33772564 PMCID: PMC8141317 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.24736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to determine the most appropriate method for measuring salivary flow to aid the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Specifically, we compared the unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR) with the stimulated whole salivary flow rate (SWSFR). MATERIAL AND METHODS This case-control study comprised one group of 103 patients with SS and a control group of 50 healthy people. We measured the UWSFR and SWSFR in both groups according to the guidelines established by Navacet [1993]. RESULTS The UWSFR and SWSFR were significantly lower in the patient group compared with the controls (p < 0.01). Among the participants in the patient group, we found a decreased UWSFR in 84 individuals (81.5%) and a decreased SWSFR in 90 individuals (87.4%). We encountered difficulties obtaining saliva in 37 (35.9%) patients during the UWSFR test, and in 12 (11.7%) patients during the SWSFR test. There was no significant statistical difference in the UWSFR or SWSFR between patients with primary and secondary SS. CONCLUSIONS Compared with the UWSFR, the SWSFR is a more suitable and effective method for measuring salivary flow in patients with SS, as well as for qualitative analysis of the obtained saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Alvariño
- Prof. Jose Vte. Bagan Service of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery University General Hospital Avda Tres Cruces 2, 46014, Valencia, Spain
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Kaur J, Srivastava R, Borse V. Recent advances in point-of-care diagnostics for oral cancer. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 178:112995. [PMID: 33515983 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.112995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Early-stage diagnosis is a crucial step in reducing the mortality rate in oral cancer cases. Point-of-care (POC) devices for oral cancer diagnosis hold great future potential in improving the survival rates as well as the quality of life of oral cancer patients. The conventional oral examination followed by needle biopsy and histopathological analysis have limited diagnostic accuracy. Besides, it involves patient discomfort and is not feasible in resource-limited settings. POC detection of biomarkers and diagnostic adjuncts has emerged as non- or minimally invasive tools for the diagnosis of oral cancer at an early stage. Various biosensors have been developed for the rapid detection of oral cancer biomarkers at the point-of-care. Several optical imaging methods have also been employed as adjuncts to detect alterations in oral tissue indicative of malignancy. This review summarizes the different POC platforms developed for the detection of oral cancer biomarkers, along with various POC imaging and cytological adjuncts that aid in oral cancer diagnosis, especially in low resource settings. Various immunosensors and nucleic acid biosensors developed to detect oral cancer biomarkers are summarized with examples. The different imaging methods used to detect oral tissue malignancy are also discussed herein. Additionally, the currently available commercial devices used as adjuncts in the POC detection of oral cancer are emphasized along with their characteristics. Finally, we discuss the limitations and challenges that persist in translating the developed POC techniques in the clinical settings for oral cancer diagnosis, along with future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeen Kaur
- NanoBios Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- NanoBios Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Vivek Borse
- NanoBioSens Laboratory, Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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Sugimoto M, Ota S, Kaneko M, Enomoto A, Soga T. Quantification of Salivary Charged Metabolites using Capillary Electrophoresis Time-of-flight-mass Spectrometry. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3797. [PMID: 33659451 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary metabolomics have provided the potentials to detect both oral and systemic diseases. Capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (CE-TOFMS) enables the identification and quantification of various charged metabolites. This method has been employed to biomarker discoveries using human saliva samples, especially for various types of cancers. The untargeted analysis contributes to finding new biomarkers. i.e., the analysis of all detectable signals including both known and unknown metabolites extends the coverage of metabolite to be observed. However, the observed data includes thousands of peaks. Besides, non-linear migration time fluctuation and skewed peaks are caused by the sample condition. The presented pretreatment protocols of saliva samples enhance the reproducibility of migration time drift, which facilitates the matching peaks across the samples and also results in reproducible absolute concentrations of the detected metabolites. The described protocols are utilized not only for saliva but for any liquid samples with slight modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Sugimoto
- Research and Development Center for Minimally Invasive Therapies, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Sana Ota
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Miku Kaneko
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ayame Enomoto
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan
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Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Salivary Biochemical Markers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10100818. [PMID: 33066436 PMCID: PMC7602212 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the work is a comprehensive assessment of biochemical saliva markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of oral cancer. The group of patients included 68 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, 50 with non-cancerous diseases of the oral cavity, and 114 healthy volunteers. Before the start of treatment, 23 biochemical parameters of saliva were determined. Participants were monitored for six years to assess survival rates. The statistical analysis was performed by means of Statistica 10.0 and R package. A complex of metabolic changes occurring in saliva in oral cancer is described. It was shown that none of the studied parameters could be used to diagnose oral cancer in an independent variant; the use of combinations of parameters is more informative. The high prognostic value of the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the Na/K-ratio in saliva before treatment was established. Thus, the content of MDA ˂ 7.34 nmol/mL and the Na/K-ratio > 1.09 c.u. is a prognostically unfavorable factor (HR = 7.88, 95% CI 1.10-54.62, p = 0.01876), which may be useful for optimizing the treatment of patients with oral cancer. It has been shown that saliva has great potential for the development of diagnostic and prognostic tests for oral cancer.
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Oral squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed from saliva metabolic profiling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:16167-16173. [PMID: 32601197 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2001395117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Saliva is a noninvasive biofluid that can contain metabolite signatures of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Conductive polymer spray ionization mass spectrometry (CPSI-MS) is employed to record a wide range of metabolite species within a few seconds, making this technique appealing as a point-of-care method for the early detection of OSCC. Saliva samples from 373 volunteers, 124 who are healthy, 124 who have premalignant lesions, and 125 who are OSCC patients, were collected for discovering and validating dysregulated metabolites and determining altered metabolic pathways. Metabolite markers were reconfirmed at the primary tissue level by desorption electrospray ionization MS imaging (DESI-MSI), demonstrating the reliability of diagnoses based on saliva metabolomics. With the aid of machine learning (ML), OSCC and premalignant lesions can be distinguished from the normal physical condition in real time with an accuracy of 86.7%, on a person by person basis. These results suggest that the combination of CPSI-MS and ML is a feasible tool for accurate, automated diagnosis of OSCC in clinical practice.
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Madera M, Franco JVA, Solà I, Bonfill X, Arévalo-Rodriguez I. [Diagnostic accuracy of salivary biomarkers for oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review protocol]. Medwave 2020; 20:e7938. [PMID: 32603320 DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2020.05.7938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral cancer has a 5-year survival rate of 50% because diagnosis is commonly performed at an advanced stage of the disease, so new diagnostic tools are needed. Nowadays, there is a vast number of publications suggesting the use of salivary biomarkers for oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders diagnosis, but their diagnostic accuracy is unclear. Thus, the goal of this systematic review is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of salivary biomarkers for oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders. METHODS This protocol is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P). We will include primary studies assessing the diagnostic accuracy of salivary biomarkers for oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders. Studies must report data about sensitivity and specificity; gold standard must be the histopathology diagnosis. We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and gray literature. Two authors will independently select the studies and extract the data. The methodology quality of studies will be determined using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2). EXPECTED RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Our findings will provide information about the diagnostic accuracy of salivary biomarkers for oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meisser Madera
- Departamento de Investigaciones, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia; Centro Cochrane Iberoamericano, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau, Barcelona, España. Adress: Zaragocilla Cra. 50 No. 29 11. Cartagena, Colombia. Código postal: 130014. . ORCID: 0000-0002-2350-4194
| | - Juan Víctor Ariel Franco
- Cochrane Argentina, Instituto Universitario Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina. ORCID: 0000-0003-0411-899X
| | - Ivan Solà
- Centro Cochrane Iberoamericano, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, España. ORCID: 0000-0003-0078-3706
| | - Xavier Bonfill
- Centro Cochrane Iberoamericano, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, España. ORCID: 0000-0003-1530-3509
| | - Ingrid Arévalo-Rodriguez
- Unidad de Bioestadística Clínica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España. ORCID: 0000-0002-7326-4504
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Buzalaf MAR, Ortiz ADC, Carvalho TS, Fideles SOM, Araújo TT, Moraes SM, Buzalaf NR, Reis FN. Saliva as a diagnostic tool for dental caries, periodontal disease and cancer: is there a need for more biomarkers? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2020; 20:543-555. [PMID: 32223655 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1743686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: A biomarker is a biological indicator of normal or pathogenic processes. Identification of biomarkers is useful for the prevention, diagnosis and prognosis of diseases as well as for monitoring the progression of pathological disorders. Several types of molecules present in biological fluids can act as biomarkers such as DNA, coding and non-coding RNA, lipids, metabolites, proteins and even microbes. In this context, saliva emerges as a useful diagnostic tool for the detection of biomarkers involved with oral and systemic diseases, since it reflects the pathophysiological conditions of the organism and allows early, rapid, practical and noninvasive detection of biomarkers.Areas covered: This review discusses the properties of saliva as a diagnostic tool and addresses the main identified biomarkers related to dental caries, periodontal disease, head and neck cancer and other types of cancer of considerable incidence among the world population.Expert commentary: Despite extensive efforts which have been directed toward the identification of one or a combination of biomarkers with good predictive values for the early detection of dental caries, periodontal disease and cancer, these biomarkers still need validation before chairside point-of-care devices can be widely used in the clinic.
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Ohshima H, Amizuka N. Oral biosciences: The annual review 2019. J Oral Biosci 2020; 62:1-8. [PMID: 32109566 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Journal of Oral Biosciences is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of fundamental knowledge concerning every aspect of oral biosciences. HIGHLIGHT This review features review articles in the fields of "Bone Cell Biology," "Microbiology," "Oral Heath," "Biocompatible Materials," "Mouth Neoplasm," and "Biological Evolution" in addition to the review articles by winners of the Lion Dental Research Award ("Role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors for modulation of microcircuits in the agranular insular cortex" and "Phospholipase C-related catalytically inactive protein: A novel signaling molecule for modulating fat metabolism and energy expenditure") and the Rising Members Award ("Pain mechanism of oral ulcerative mucositis and the therapeutic traditional herbal medicine hangeshashinto," "Mechanisms underlying the induction of regulatory T cells by sublingual immunotherapy," and "Regulation of osteoclast function via Rho-Pkn3-c-Src pathways"), presented by the Japanese Association for Oral Biology. CONCLUSION These reviews in the Journal of Oral Biosciences have inspired the readers of the journal to broaden their knowledge regarding various aspects of oral biosciences. The current editorial review introduces these exciting review articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
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Sadighbayan D, Sadighbayan K, Khosroushahi AY, Hasanzadeh M. Recent advances on the DNA-based electrochemical biosensing of cancer biomarkers: Analytical approach. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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