1
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Wan C, Li Z, Zhou Y. Effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on the microstructural, compositional and mechanical properties of cartilages. Ann Anat 2024; 254:152259. [PMID: 38492655 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and complicated degenerative disorder of joints, including several phenotypes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the major causes of OA. However, few studies on the mechanical behavior of diabetic cartilages have been conducted. METHODS This study evaluated the microstructural, compositional, and mechanical properties of healthy and diabetic rat cartilages using scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray energy spectroscopy, histology staining, and microindentation tests. RESULTS Our results indicated that the diabetic cartilages had a significantly higher elastic modulus and similar permeability (95%CI: 3.72-8.56 MPa and 3.16×10-6-1.83×10-5 mm4/N·s) compared to the healthy cartilages (95%CI: 0.741-3.58 MPa and 3.15×10-6-1.14×10-5 mm4/N·s). Their stress relaxation behaviors were similar regardless of the loading rate except for the stretching parameter under the fast loading. Furthermore, the stress relaxation behaviors of the diabetic cartilages were significantly affected by the loading rate, especially the equilibrium force ratio and time constant. These mechanical outcomes could be attributed to the increase of fibril diameters and calcium aggregation in the cartilage. CONCLUSIONS This study deepens our understanding of how T2DM might facilitate OA in cartilages, which could contribute to the development of more scientific diagnosis and therapies for patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wan
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, China; Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, China.
| | - Zhongjie Li
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, China
| | - Yizun Zhou
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, China
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2
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Song J, Zeng X, Li C, Yin H, Mao S, Ren D. Alteration in cartilage matrix stiffness as an indicator and modulator of osteoarthritis. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20231730. [PMID: 38014522 PMCID: PMC10794814 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20231730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by cartilage degeneration and destruction, leading to joint ankylosis and disability. The major challenge in diagnosing OA at early stage is not only lack of clinical symptoms but also the insufficient histological and immunohistochemical signs. Alteration in cartilage stiffness during OA progression, especially at OA initiation, has been confirmed by growing evidences. Moreover, the stiffness of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), pericellular matrix (PCM) and chondrocytes during OA development are dynamically changed in unique and distinct fashions, revealing possibly inconsistent conclusions when detecting cartilage matrix stiffness at different locations and scales. In addition, it will be discussed regarding the mechanisms through which OA-related cartilage degenerations exhibit stiffened or softened matrix, highlighting some critical events that generally incurred to cartilage stiffness alteration, as well as some typical molecules that participated in constituting the mechanical properties of cartilage. Finally, in vitro culturing chondrocytes in various stiffness-tunable scaffolds provided a reliable method to explore the matrix stiffness-dependent modulation of chondrocyte metabolism, which offers valuable information on optimizing implant scaffolds to maximally promote cartilage repair and regeneration during OA. Overall, this review systematically and comprehensively elucidated the current progresses in the relationship between cartilage stiffness alteration and OA progression. We hope that deeper attention and understanding in this researching field will not only develop more innovative methods in OA early detection and diagnose but also provide promising ideas in OA therapy and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Song
- Qingdao University Affiliated Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital, Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, CN, China
| | - Xuemin Zeng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, CN, China
| | - Chenzhi Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, CN, China
| | - Hongyan Yin
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, CN, China
| | - Sui Mao
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, CN, China
| | - Dapeng Ren
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Department of Stomatology Medical Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, CN, China
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3
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Davis S, Zekonyte J, Karali A, Roldo M, Blunn G. Early Degenerative Changes in a Spontaneous Osteoarthritis Model Assessed by Nanoindentation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:995. [PMID: 37760097 PMCID: PMC10525236 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10090995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding early mechanical changes in articular cartilage (AC) and subchondral bone (SB) is crucial for improved treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to develop a method for nanoindentation of fresh, unfixed osteochondral tissue to assess the early changes in the mechanical properties of AC and SB. Nanoindentation was performed throughout the depth of AC and SB in the proximal tibia of Dunkin Hartley guinea pigs at 2 months, 3 months, and 2 years of age. The contralateral tibias were either histologically graded for OA or analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The results showed an increase in the reduced modulus (Er) in the deep zone of AC during early-stage OA (6.0 ± 1.75 MPa) compared to values at 2 months (4.04 ± 1.25 MPa) (*** p < 0.001). In severe OA (2-year) specimens, there was a significant reduction in Er throughout the superficial and middle AC zones, which correlated to increased ADAMTS 4 and 5 staining, and proteoglycan loss in these regions. In the subchondral bone, a 35.0% reduction in stiffness was observed between 2-month and 3-month specimens (*** p < 0.001). The severe OA age group had significantly increased SB stiffness of 36.2% and 109.6% compared to 2-month and 3-month-old specimens respectively (*** p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study provides useful information about the changes in the mechanical properties of both AC and SB during both early- and late-stage OA and indicates that an initial reduction in stiffness of the SB and an increase in stiffness in the deep zone of AC may precede early-stage cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Davis
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK; (M.R.); (G.B.)
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK; (J.Z.); (A.K.)
| | - Jurgita Zekonyte
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK; (J.Z.); (A.K.)
| | - Aikaterina Karali
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK; (J.Z.); (A.K.)
| | - Marta Roldo
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK; (M.R.); (G.B.)
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK; (M.R.); (G.B.)
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4
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Fan X, Lee KM, Jones MWM, Howard D, Sun AR, Crawford R, Prasadam I. Spatial distribution of elements during osteoarthritis disease progression using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10200. [PMID: 37353503 PMCID: PMC10290122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36911-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The osteochondral interface is a thin layer that connects hyaline cartilage to subchondral bone. Subcellular elemental distribution can be visualised using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy (SR-XFM) (1 μm). This study aims to determine the relationship between elemental distribution and osteoarthritis (OA) progression based on disease severity. Using modified Mankin scores, we collected tibia plates from 9 knee OA patients who underwent knee replacement surgery and graded them as intact cartilage (non-OA) or degraded cartilage (OA). We used a tape-assisted system with a silicon nitride sandwich structure to collect fresh-frozen osteochondral sections, and changes in the osteochondral unit were defined using quantified SR-XFM elemental mapping at the Australian synchrotron's XFM beamline. Non-OA osteochondral samples were found to have significantly different zinc (Zn) and calcium (Ca) compositions than OA samples. The tidemark separating noncalcified and calcified cartilage was rich in zinc. Zn levels in OA samples were lower than in non-OA samples (P = 0.0072). In OA samples, the tidemark had less Ca than the calcified cartilage zone and subchondral bone plate (P < 0.0001). The Zn-strontium (Sr) colocalisation index was higher in OA samples than in non-OA samples. The lead, potassium, phosphate, sulphur, and chloride distributions were not significantly different (P > 0.05). In conclusion, SR-XFM analysis revealed spatial elemental distribution at the subcellular level during OA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Fan
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave/Cnr. Blamey St, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Kah Meng Lee
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia
| | - Michael W M Jones
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4000, Australia
| | - Daryl Howard
- Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, 3168, Australia
| | - Antonia Rujia Sun
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave/Cnr. Blamey St, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Ross Crawford
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave/Cnr. Blamey St, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, 4032, Australia
| | - Indira Prasadam
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave/Cnr. Blamey St, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia.
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5
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Duan M, Xia S, Liu Y, Pu X, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Huang M, Pi C, Zhang D, Xie J. Stiffened fibre-like microenvironment based on patterned equidistant micropillars directs chondrocyte hypertrophy. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100682. [PMID: 37304578 PMCID: PMC10251154 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage, composed of collagen type II as a major extracellular matrix and chondrocyte as a unique cell type, is a specialized connective tissue without blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves. This distinctive characteristic of articular cartilage determines its very limited ability to repair when damaged. It is well known that physical microenvironmental signals regulate many cell behaviors such as cell morphology, adhesion, proliferation and cell communication even determine chondrocyte fate. Interestingly, with increasing age or progression of joint diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA), the major collagen fibrils in the extracellular matrix of articular cartilage become larger in diameter, leading to stiffening of articular tissue and reducing its resistance to external tension, which in turn aggravates joint damage or progression of joint diseases. Therefore, designing a physical microenvironment closer to the real tissue and thus obtaining data closer to the real cellular behaviour, and then revealing the biological mechanisms of chondrocytes in pathological states is of crucial importance for the treatment of OA disease. Here we fabricated micropillar substrates with the same topology but different stiffnesses to mimic the matrix stiffening that occurs in the transition from normal to diseased cartilage. It was first found that chondrocytes responded to stiffened micropillar substrates by showing a larger cell spreading area, a stronger enhancement of cytoskeleton rearrangement and more stability of focal adhesion plaques. The activation of Erk/MAPK signalling in chondrocytes was detected in response to the stiffened micropillar substrate. Interestingly, a larger nuclear spreading area of chondrocytes at the interface layer between the cells and top surfaces of micropillars was observed in response to the stiffened micropillar substrate. Finally, it was found that the stiffened micropillar substrate promoted chondrocyte hypertrophy. Taken together, these results revealed the cell responses of chondrocytes in terms of cell morphology, cytoskeleton, focal adhesion, nuclei and cell hypertrophy, and may be beneficial for understanding the cellular functional changes affected by the matrix stiffening that occurs during the transition from a normal state to a state of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shuang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohua Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yukun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yilin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Minglei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Caixia Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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6
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Gao J, Ren P, Gong H. Morphological and mechanical alterations in articular cartilage and subchondral bone during spontaneous hip osteoarthritis in guinea pigs. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1080241. [PMID: 36756384 PMCID: PMC9900117 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1080241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the morphological and mechanical changes in articular cartilage and subchondral bone during spontaneous hip osteoarthritis in guinea pigs. Materials and methods: Hip joints of guinea pigs were investigated at 1, 3, 6, and 9 months of age (hereafter denoted as 1 M, 3 M, 6 M, and 9 M, respectively; n = 7 in each group). Morphological and mechanical alterations during spontaneous hip osteoarthritis in guinea pigs were investigated. The alterations included the micromechanical properties of articular cartilage (stiffness and creep deformation), microstructure of the subchondral bone (bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and trabecular separation), micromorphology of the articular cartilage, and surface nanostructure (grain size and roughness) of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Results: Micromechanical properties of articular cartilage in 1 M showed the lowest stiffness and highest creep deformation with no significant differences in stiffness or creep deformation amongst 3 M, 6 M, and 9 M. Articular cartilage thickness decreased with age. The earliest degeneration of articular cartilage occurred at 6 months of age, characterised by surface unevenness and evident chondrocytes reduction in micromorphology, as well as increased grain size and decreased roughness in nanostructure. No degeneration at micro- or nanostructure of subchondral bone was observed before 9 months. Conclusion: Morphological degeneration of cartilage occurred before degeneration of mechanical properties. Meanwhile, degeneration of cartilage occurred before degeneration of subchondral bone during hip osteoarthritis. The current study provided novel insights into the structural and micromechanical interaction of hip osteoarthritis, which can serve as a theoretical basis for understanding the formation and progression of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazi Gao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Nanling Campus, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pengling Ren
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - He Gong
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Nanling Campus, Jilin University, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: He Gong,
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7
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Moo EK, Ebrahimi M, Sibole SC, Tanska P, Korhonen RK. The intrinsic quality of proteoglycans, but not collagen fibres, degrades in osteoarthritic cartilage. Acta Biomater 2022; 153:178-189. [PMID: 36113721 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The function of articular cartilage as a load-bearing connective tissue is derived primarily from a balanced interaction between the swelling proteoglycan (PG) matrix and tension-resistant collagen fibrous network. Such balance is compromised during joint disease such as osteoarthritis (OA) due to degradation to PGs and/or collagens. While the PG degradation is generally thought to be related to a loss of protein abundance, the collagenous degradation is more complex as it can be caused independently by a decrease of collagen content, disorganisation of fibrous structure and softening of individual collagen fibrils. A comprehensive understanding of the initial trajectories of degradation of PGs and collagen network can improve our chance of finding potential therapeutic solutions for OA. Here, we developed geometrically, structurally, and compositionally realistic and sample-specific Finite Element (FE) models under the framework of multiphasic mixture theory, from which the elastic moduli of collagen fibres and the PG load-bearing quality in healthy and diseased cartilages were estimated by numerical optimisation of the multi-step indentation stress relaxation force-time curves. We found the intrinsic quality of collagen fibres, measured by their elastic moduli, to stay constant for healthy and diseased cartilages. Combining with previous findings which show unaltered collagen content during early stages of OA, our results suggest the disorganisation of collagen fibrous network as the first form of collagenous degradation in osteoarthritic cartilage. We also found that PG degradation involves not only a loss of protein abundance, but also the quality of the remaining PGs in generating sufficient osmotic pressure for load bearing. This study sheds light on the mechanism of OA pathogenesis and highlights the restoration of collageneous organisation in cartilage as key medical intervention for OA. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Collagen network in articular cartilage consists of individual fibres that are organised into depth-dependent structure specialised for joint load-bearing and lubrication. During osteoarthritis, the collagen network undergoes mechanical degradation, but it is unclear if a loss of content, disorganisation of fibrous structure, or softening of individual fibres causes this degeneration. Using mechanical indentation, Finite Element modelling, and numerical optimisation methods, we determined that individual fibres did not soften in early disease stage. Together with previous findings showing unaltered collagen content, our results pinpoint the disorganisation of collagen structure as the main culprit for early collagenous degradation in osteoarthritic cartilage. Thus, early restoration in cartilage of collagen organisation, instead of individual fibre quality, may be key to slow osteoarthritis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eng Kuan Moo
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, POB 1627, Kuopio 70211, Finland; Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, 2500, University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta 2N1N4, Canada.
| | | | - Scott C Sibole
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, 2500, University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta 2N1N4, Canada
| | - Petri Tanska
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, POB 1627, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - Rami K Korhonen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, POB 1627, Kuopio 70211, Finland.
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8
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Wang W, Ye R, Xie W, Zhang Y, An S, Li Y, Zhou Y. Roles of the calcified cartilage layer and its tissue engineering reconstruction in osteoarthritis treatment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:911281. [PMID: 36131726 PMCID: PMC9483725 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.911281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sandwiched between articular cartilage and subchondral bone, the calcified cartilage layer (CCL) takes on both biomechanical and biochemical functions in joint development and ordinary activities. The formation of CCL is not only unique in articular cartilage but can also be found in the chondro-osseous junction adjacent to the growth plate during adolescence. The formation of CCL is an active process under both cellular regulation and intercellular communication. Abnormal alterations of CCL can be indications of degenerative diseases including osteoarthritis. Owing to the limited self-repair capability of articular cartilage and core status of CCL in microenvironment maintenance, tissue engineering reconstruction of CCL in damaged cartilage can be of great significance. This review focuses on possible tissue engineering reconstruction methods targeting CCL for further OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruixi Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenqing Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yueyao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Senbo An
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Senbo An, ; Yusheng Li, ; Yang Zhou,
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Senbo An, ; Yusheng Li, ; Yang Zhou,
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Senbo An, ; Yusheng Li, ; Yang Zhou,
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Jaabar IL, Cornette P, Miche A, Wanherdrick K, Dupres V, Ehkirch FP, Cambon Binder A, Berenbaum F, Houard X, Landoulsi J. Deciphering pathological remodelling of the human cartilage extracellular matrix in osteoarthritis at the supramolecular level. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:8691-8708. [PMID: 35673929 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00474g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of articular cartilage is a three-dimensional network mainly constituted of entangled collagen fibrils and interfibrillar aggrecan aggregates. During the development of osteoarthritis (OA), the most common musculoskeletal disorder, the ECM is subjected to a combination of chemical and structural changes that play a pivotal role in the initiation and the progress of the disease. While the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathological remodelling of the ECM are considered as decisive, they remain, however, not completely elucidated. Herein, we report a relevant way for unravelling the role and nature of OA progress on human cartilage tissues, in terms of chemical composition and morphological and mechanical properties at the level of supramolecular assemblies constituting the cartilage ECM. For this purpose, we used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and developed an innovative methodological approach that provides the molecular composition of the ECM. Moreover, we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to probe the tissues at the level of individual collagen fibrils, both imaging and force spectroscopy modes being explored to this end. Taken together, these nanoscale characterization studies reveal the existence of two stages in the OA progress. At the early stage, a marked increase in the aggrecan and collagen content is observed, reflecting the homeostatic chondrocyte activity that tends to repair the cartilage ECM. At the late stage, we observe a failed attempt to stabilize and/or restore the tissue, yielding significant degradation of the supramolecular assemblies. This suggests an imbalance in the chondrocyte activity that turns in favor of catabolic events. Chemical changes are also accompanied by ECM structural changes and stiffening. Interestingly, we showed the possibility to mimic the imbalanced activities of chondrocytes by applying enzymatic digestions of healthy cartilage, through the combined action of hyaluronidase and collagenase. This yields damage strictly analogous to that observed at high OA severity. These findings bring mechanistic insights leading to a better understanding of the mechanism by which OA is initiated and progresses in the cartilage ECM. They offer guidelines for the development of curative treatments, such as targeting the homeostatic balance of chondrocyte metabolism through the control of enzymatic reactions involved in catabolic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhem Lilia Jaabar
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, LRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (UMR_S938), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, F-75012 Paris, France.
| | - Pauline Cornette
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, LRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (UMR_S938), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, F-75012 Paris, France.
| | - Antoine Miche
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, LRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Kristell Wanherdrick
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (UMR_S938), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, F-75012 Paris, France.
| | - Vincent Dupres
- Université Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - François-Paul Ehkirch
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (UMR_S938), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, F-75012 Paris, France.
- Clinique Maussins-Nollet, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Adeline Cambon Binder
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (UMR_S938), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, F-75012 Paris, France.
- Orthopedics and Hand Surgery Department, Saint-Antoine Hospital, 184 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (UMR_S938), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, F-75012 Paris, France.
- Rheumatology Department, AP-HP Saint-Antoine Hospital, 184, rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Houard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM (UMR_S938), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, F-75012 Paris, France.
| | - Jessem Landoulsi
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, LRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
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Bose S, Li S, Mele E, Silberschmidt VV. Exploring the Mechanical Properties and Performance of Type-I Collagen at Various Length Scales: A Progress Report. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15082753. [PMID: 35454443 PMCID: PMC9025246 DOI: 10.3390/ma15082753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Collagen is the basic protein of animal tissues and has a complex hierarchical structure. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the mechanical and structural stability of biological tissues. Over the years, it has become a material of interest in the biomedical industries thanks to its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability and low antigenicity. Despite its significance, the mechanical properties and performance of pure collagen have been never reviewed. In this work, the emphasis is on the mechanics of collagen at different hierarchical levels and its long-term mechanical performance. In addition, the effect of hydration, important for various applications, was considered throughout the study because of its dramatic influence on the mechanics of collagen. Furthermore, the discrepancies in reports of the mechanical properties of collagenous tissues (basically composed of 20-30% collagen fibres) and those of pure collagen are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirsha Bose
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK; (S.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Simin Li
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK; (S.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Elisa Mele
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (V.V.S.)
| | - Vadim V. Silberschmidt
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK; (S.B.); (S.L.)
- Laboratory of Mechanics of Biocompatible Materials and Devices, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 614990 Perm, Russia
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (V.V.S.)
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11
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Fan X, Wu X, Trevisan Franca De Lima L, Stehbens S, Punyadeera C, Webb R, Hamilton B, Ayyapann V, McLauchlan C, Crawford R, Zheng M, Xiao Y, Prasadam I. The deterioration of calcified cartilage integrity reflects the severity of osteoarthritis-A structural, molecular, and biochemical analysis. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22142. [PMID: 35032407 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101449r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The calcified cartilage zone (CCZ) is a thin interlayer between the hyaline articular cartilage and the subchondral bone and plays an important role in maintaining the joint homeostasis by providing biological and mechanical support from unmineralized cartilage to the underlying mineralized subchondral bone. The hallmark of CCZ characteristics in osteoarthritis (OA) is less well known. The aim of our study is to evaluate the structural, molecular, and biochemical composition of CCZ in tissues affected by primary knee OA and its relationship with disease severity. We collected osteochondral tissue samples stratified according to disease severity, from 16 knee OA patients who underwent knee replacement surgery. We also used meniscectomy-induced rat samples to confirm the pathophysiologic changes of human samples. We defined the characteristics of the calcified cartilage layer using a combination of morphological, biochemical, proteomic analyses on laser micro-dissected tissue. Our results demonstrated that the Calcium/Phosphate ratio is unchanged during the OA progression, but the calcium-binding protein and cadherin binding protein, as well as carbohydrate metabolism-related proteins, undergo significant changes. These changes were further accompanied by thinning of the CCZ, loss of collagen and proteoglycan content, the occurrence of the endochondral ossification, neovasculature, loss of the elastic module, loss of the collagen direction, and increase of the tortuosity indicating an altered structural and mechanical properties of the CCZ in OA. In conclusion, our results suggest that the calcified cartilage changes can reflect the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Fan
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Samantha Stehbens
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard Webb
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brett Hamilton
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vijay Ayyapann
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Connor McLauchlan
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ross Crawford
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Minghao Zheng
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Yin Xiao
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Indira Prasadam
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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12
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Kothari P, Tripathi AK, Girme A, Rai D, Singh R, Sinha S, Choudhary D, Nagar GK, Maurya R, Hingorani L, Trivedi R. Caviunin glycoside (CAFG) from Dalbergia sissoo attenuates osteoarthritis by modulating chondrogenic and matrix regulating proteins. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114315. [PMID: 34116187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dalbergia sissoo DC. (Indian rosewood or Sheesham) is a traditional medicinal plant, reported since time immemorial for its analgesic, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and immuno-modulatory properties. D. sissoo DC (DS). is being used traditionally to cure joint inflammation and joint pain. AIM To study the potential of DS leaves and its derived novel compound CAFG to treat the clinical symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA) and its underlying mechanism. METHODS The chemical profile of DS extract (DSE) with isoflavonoids and isoflvaonoid glycosides from the DS was established by UHPLC-PDA and UHPLC-MS/MS. Monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) was injected into the knee joint to develop the OA model in rats. DSE was given orally for 28 days daily at 250 and 500 mg.kg-1day-1. For in-vitro experiments, chondrocytes isolated from joint articular cartilage were negatively induced with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and CAFG was given to the cells as a co-treatment. RESULTS Chondrocytes undergo apoptosis following inflammation and proteoglycan synthesis affected in MIA injected knees. DSE administration prevented these effects as assessed by H&E and Toluidine blue staining. Micro-CT analysis showed that subchondral bone loss was restored. DSE decreased elevated serum levels of cartilage-bone degradation (CTX-I, CTX-II, and COMP), inflammation markers IL-1β, and matrix-degrading MMP-3 and 13. The effects of IL-1β on gene expression of chondrocytes were reversed by CAFG treatment at 1 μM. CONCLUSION Data showed that DSE protected joint cartilage and deterioration in subchondral bone in vivo while in in-vitro, its active ingredient CAFG prevented interleukin-1β induced effects and inhibited OA. This finding suggest that DSE and CAFG could be used as a possible therapeutic to treat osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kothari
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Ashish Kumar Tripathi
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Aboli Girme
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt Ltd, Anand, Gujarat, 388435, India.
| | - Divya Rai
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Ruchi Singh
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt Ltd, Anand, Gujarat, 388435, India.
| | - Shradha Sinha
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Dharmendra Choudhary
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Geet Kumar Nagar
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Rakesh Maurya
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Lal Hingorani
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt Ltd, Anand, Gujarat, 388435, India.
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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13
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Zhang D, Sheng Y, Piano N, Jakuszeit T, Cozens E, Dong L, Buell AK, Pollet A, Lei IM, Wang W, Terentjev E, Huang YYS. Cancer cell migration on straight, wavy, loop and grid microfibre patterns. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 34991078 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac48e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes where the fibrillar morphology of extracellular matrices (ECM) could regulate the migration dynamics. To mimic the morphological characteristics of fibrillar matrix structures, low-voltage continuous electrospinning was adapted to construct straight, wavy, looped and gridded fibre patterns made of polystyrene (of fibre diameter ca. 3 μm). Cells were free to explore their different shapes in response to the directly-adhered fibre, as well as to the neighbouring patterns. For all the patterns studied, analysing cellular migration dynamics of MDA-MB-231 (a highly migratory breast cancer cell line) demonstrated two interesting findings: first, although cells dynamically adjust their shapes and migration trajectories in response to different fibrillar environments, their average step speed is minimally affected by the fibre global pattern; secondly, a switch in behaviour was observed when the pattern features approach the upper limit of the cell body's minor axis, reflecting that cells' ability to divert from an existing fibre track is limited by the size along the cell body's minor axis. It is therefore concluded that the upper limit of cell body's minor axis might act as a guide for the design of microfibre patterns for different purposes of cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zhang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Yaqi Sheng
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Nicholas Piano
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Theresa Jakuszeit
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Edward Cozens
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Lingqing Dong
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, CHINA
| | - Alexander K Buell
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 227, 061 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Lyngby, 2800, DENMARK
| | - Andreas Pollet
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Noord-Brabant, 5600 MB, NETHERLANDS
| | - Iek Man Lei
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Eugene Terentjev
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, CAMBRIDGE CB3 0HE, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Yan Yan Shery Huang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
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14
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Chen Z, Liang T, Li J, Gao C, He F, Luo Z, Yang H, Zhang H, Yu J. Early detection of joint degeneration in the subtalar and talonavicular joints secondary to ankle instability in a mouse model. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2021.100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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15
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Jin H, Jiang S, Wang R, Zhang Y, Dong J, Li Y. Mechanistic Insight Into the Roles of Integrins in Osteoarthritis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:693484. [PMID: 34222261 PMCID: PMC8250141 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.693484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), one of the most common degenerative diseases, is characterized by progressive degeneration of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone, as well as the synovium. Integrins, comprising a family of heterodimeric transmembrane proteins containing α subunit and β subunit, play essential roles in various physiological functions of cells, such as cell attachment, movement, growth, differentiation, and mechanical signal conduction. Previous studies have shown that integrin dysfunction is involved in OA pathogenesis. This review article focuses on the roles of integrins in OA, especially in OA cartilage, subchondral bone and the synovium. A clear understanding of these roles may influence the future development of treatments for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfu Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shigang Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruomei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiangtao Dong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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16
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Giannasi C, Niada S, Magagnotti C, Ragni E, Andolfo A, Brini AT. Comparison of two ASC-derived therapeutics in an in vitro OA model: secretome versus extracellular vesicles. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:521. [PMID: 33272318 PMCID: PMC7711257 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last years, several clinical trials have proved the safety and efficacy of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASC) in contrasting osteoarthritis (OA). Since ASC act mainly through paracrine mechanisms, their secretome (conditioned medium, CM) represents a promising therapeutic alternative. ASC-CM is a complex cocktail of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids released as soluble factors and/or conveyed into extracellular vesicles (EV). Here, we investigate its therapeutic potential in an in vitro model of OA. METHODS Human articular chondrocytes (CH) were induced towards an OA phenotype by 10 ng/ml TNFα in the presence of either ASC-CM or EV, both deriving from 5 × 105 cells, to evaluate the effect on hypertrophic, catabolic, and inflammatory markers. RESULTS Given the same number of donor cells, our data reveal a higher therapeutic potential of ASC-CM compared to EV alone that was confirmed by its enrichment in chondroprotective factors among which TIMP-1 and -2 stand out. In details, only ASC-CM significantly decreased MMP activity (22% and 29% after 3 and 6 days) and PGE2 expression (up to 40% at day 6) boosted by the inflammatory cytokine. Conversely, both treatments down-modulated of ~ 30% the hypertrophic marker COL10A1. CONCLUSIONS These biological and molecular evidences of ASC-CM beneficial action on CH with an induced OA phenotype may lay the basis for its future clinical translation as a cell-free therapeutic in the management of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giannasi
- Laboratorio di Applicazioni Biotecnologiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefania Niada
- Laboratorio di Applicazioni Biotecnologiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Magagnotti
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Ragni
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Annapaola Andolfo
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Teresa Brini
- Laboratorio di Applicazioni Biotecnologiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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17
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Lin LJ, Ge YM, Tian Y, Liu N, Luo XH, Xue YT, Xue YZB, Wen CY, Tang B. Multi-scale mechanical investigation of articular cartilage suffered progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2020; 79:104947. [PMID: 31959394 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2019.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia is a rare skeletal dysplasia mainly caused by abnormal autosomal recessive inheritance. Although the main function of cartilage is mechanical support and the characteristics of this disease is the degradation of AC, previous studies on it had been mainly focused on clinical and genetic aspects and the mechanical behavior of the cartilage affected by PPRD is still ambiguous. In this study, we investigate the mechanics and structure of the cartilage suffered disease at multi-scale, from individual chondrocytes to the bulk-scale tissue. METHODS Depth-sensing indenter were employed to investigate the mechanics of cartilage; we performed atomic force microscope nanoindentation to investigate the cell mechanics and scanning electron microscopy were used to explore the structure feature and chemical composition. FINDINGS The elastic modulus of chondrocytes harvested from cartilage suffered from progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia is significantly higher than from normal cartilage, same trend were also found in tissue level. Moreover, denser collagen meshwork and matrix calcification were also observed. INTERPRETATION The elastic modulus of cartilage should closely related to its denser structure and the calcification, and may potentially be an indicator for clinical diagnosis. The stiffening of chondrocytes during PPRD progression should play a rather important role in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Y M Ge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - N Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - X H Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Y T Xue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Z B Xue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - C Y Wen
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKUSAR, China
| | - B Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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18
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Qin L, Liu W, Cao H, Xiao G. Molecular mechanosensors in osteocytes. Bone Res 2020; 8:23. [PMID: 32550039 PMCID: PMC7280204 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-020-0099-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteocytes, the most abundant and long-lived cells in bone, are the master regulators of bone remodeling. In addition to their functions in endocrine regulation and calcium and phosphate metabolism, osteocytes are the major responsive cells in force adaptation due to mechanical stimulation. Mechanically induced bone formation and adaptation, disuse-induced bone loss and skeletal fragility are mediated by osteocytes, which sense local mechanical cues and respond to these cues in both direct and indirect ways. The mechanotransduction process in osteocytes is a complex but exquisite regulatory process between cells and their environment, between neighboring cells, and between different functional mechanosensors in individual cells. Over the past two decades, great efforts have focused on finding various mechanosensors in osteocytes that transmit extracellular mechanical signals into osteocytes and regulate responsive gene expression. The osteocyte cytoskeleton, dendritic processes, Integrin-based focal adhesions, connexin-based intercellular junctions, primary cilium, ion channels, and extracellular matrix are the major mechanosensors in osteocytes reported so far with evidence from both in vitro and in vitro studies. This review aims to give a systematic introduction to osteocyte mechanobiology, provide details of osteocyte mechanosensors, and discuss the roles of osteocyte mechanosensitive signaling pathways in the regulation of bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Wen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Huiling Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China
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19
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Early degeneration of the meniscus revealed by microbiomechanical alteration in a rabbit anterior cruciate ligament transection model. J Orthop Translat 2020; 21:146-152. [PMID: 32309140 PMCID: PMC7152828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The microbiomechanical properties of the meniscus influence the cell response to the surrounding biomechanical environment and are beneficial to understand meniscus repairing and healing. To date, however, this information remains ambiguous. This study aims to characterise the microbiomechanical properties of the meniscus after degeneration in a rabbit anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) model and to analyse the corresponding histology at the macroscale and chemical composition. Methods Twenty New Zealand white rabbits were used. Menisci were collected from the knee joints 4 and 8 weeks after the ACLT and from those of the corresponding control groups. The central portions of both medial and lateral menisci were investigated using atomic force microscopy, histological study, and an energy-dispersive spectrometer. The evaluation was conducted regionally within the inner, middle, and outer sites from the top layer (facing the femoral surface) to the bottom layer (facing the tibial surface) in both the lateral and medial menisci to obtain the site-dependent properties. Results At 4 weeks after surgery, the dynamic elastic modulus at the microlevel increased significantly at both the top and bottom layers compared with the intact meniscus (P = 0.021). At 8 weeks after surgery, the stiffening occurred in all regions (P = 0.030). The medial meniscus showed greater change than the lateral meniscus. All these microbiomechanical alterations occurred before the histological findings at the macroscale. Conclusion The microbiomechanical properties in the meniscus changed significantly after ACLT and were site dependent. Their alterations occurred before the histological changes of degeneration were observed. The Translational Potential of this Article The results of our study indicated that degeneration promoted meniscus stiffening. Thus, they provide a better understanding of the disease process affecting the meniscus. Our results might be beneficial to understand how mechanical forces distribute throughout the healthy and pathologic joint. They indicate the possibility of early diagnosis using a minimally invasive arthroscopic tool, as well as they might guide treatment to the healthy and pathologic meniscus and joint.
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20
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Muschter D, Fleischhauer L, Taheri S, Schilling AF, Clausen-Schaumann H, Grässel S. Sensory neuropeptides are required for bone and cartilage homeostasis in a murine destabilization-induced osteoarthritis model. Bone 2020; 133:115181. [PMID: 31926346 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies identified a role for the sensory neuropeptides substance P (SP) and alpha calcitonin gene-related peptide (αCGRP) in osteoarthritis (OA) pain behavior. Surprisingly, little attention has been paid on how their trophic effects on cartilage and bone cells might affect structural changes of bone and cartilage in OA pathology. Here, we sought to elucidate sensory neuropeptides influence on structural alterations of bone and cartilage during murine OA pathophysiology. OA was induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) in the right knee joint of 12 weeks old male C57Bl/6J wildtype (WT) mice and mice either deficient for SP (tachykinin 1 (Tac1)-/-) or αCGRP. By OARSI histopathological grading we observed significant cartilage matrix degradation after DMM surgery in αCGRP-deficient mice after 4 weeks whereas Tac1-/- scores were not different to sham mice before 12 weeks after surgery. Indentation-type atomic force microscopy (IT-AFM) identified a strong superficial zone (SZ) cartilage phenotype in Tac1-/- Sham mice. Opposed to WT and αCGRP-/- mice, SZ cartilage of Tac1-/- mice softened 2 weeks after OA induction. In Tac1-/- DMM mice, bone volume to total volume ratio (BV/TV) increased significantly compared to the Tac1-/- Sham group, 2 weeks after surgery. WT mice had reduced BV/TV compared to αCGRP-/- and Tac1-/- mice after 12 weeks. Increased calcified cartilage thickness and medial condyle diameter were detected in the medial tibia of all groups 8 weeks after OA induction by nanoCT analysis. Meniscal ossification occurred in all OA groups, but was significantly stronger in the absence of neuropeptides. Increased serum concentration of the respective non-deleted neuropeptide was observed in both neuropeptide-deficient mice strains. Both neuropeptides protect from age-related bone structural changes under physiological conditions and SP additionally demonstrates an anabolic effect on bone structure preservation in a pathophysiological situation. Both neuropeptide deficient mice display an intrinsic structural cartilage matrix phenotype that might alter progression of cartilage degeneration in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Muschter
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Experimental Orthopaedics, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), Bio Park 1, University of Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Lutz Fleischhauer
- Department of Applied Sciences and Mechatronics, University of Applied Sciences Munich, Germany; Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
| | - Shahed Taheri
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medicine Göttingen.
| | - Arndt F Schilling
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medicine Göttingen.
| | - Hauke Clausen-Schaumann
- Department of Applied Sciences and Mechatronics, University of Applied Sciences Munich, Germany.
| | - Susanne Grässel
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Experimental Orthopaedics, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), Bio Park 1, University of Regensburg, Germany.
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21
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Embrittlement of collagen in early-stage human osteoarthritis. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 104:103663. [PMID: 32174421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a remarkable material with mechanical performance that surpasses engineering standards. Collagen, the most abundant protein in cartilage, plays an important role in this performance, and also in disease. Building on observations of network-level collagen changes at the earliest stages of osteoarthritis, this study explores the physical role of the collagen fibril in the disease process. Specifically, we focus on the material properties of collagen fibrils in the cartilage surface. Ten human tibial plateaus were characterised by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy, with histological scoring used to define disease state. Measures of tropocollagen remained stable with disease progression, yet a marked mechanical change was observed. A slight stiffening coupled with a substantial decrease in loss tangent suggests a physical embrittlement caused by increased inter-molecular interactions.
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22
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Hernandez PA, Wells J, Usheva E, Nakonezny PA, Barati Z, Gonzalez R, Kassem L, Henson FMD. Early-Onset Osteoarthritis originates at the chondrocyte level in Hip Dysplasia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:627. [PMID: 31953438 PMCID: PMC6969105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57431-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Subjects with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) often show early-onset osteoarthritis (OA); however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this pathology are not known. We investigated whether cellular changes in chondrocytes from OA cartilage can be detected in chondrocytes from DDH cartilage before histological manifestations of degeneration. We characterized undamaged and damaged articular cartilage from 22 participants having hip replacement surgery with and without DDH (9 DDH-OA, 12 OA-only, one femoral fracture). Tissue immunostaining revealed changes in damaged OA-only cartilage that was also found in undamaged DDH-OA cartilage. Chondrocytes in situ from both groups show: (i) thicker fibers of vimentin intermediate filaments, (ii) clusters of integrin α5β1, (iii) positive MMP13 staining and (iv) a higher percentage of cells expressing the serine protease HtrA1. Further characterization of the extracellular matrix showed strong aggrecan and collagen II immunostaining in undamaged DDH cartilage, with no evidence of augmented cell death by activation of caspase 3. These findings suggest that early events in DDH cartilage originate at the chondrocyte level and that DDH cartilage may provide a novel opportunity to study these early changes for the development of therapeutic targets for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Hernandez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Joel Wells
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Emiliya Usheva
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Paul A Nakonezny
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Zahra Barati
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Roberto Gonzalez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Layla Kassem
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Frances M D Henson
- Division of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
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23
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Shoaib T, Yuh C, Wimmer MA, Schmid TM, Espinosa-Marzal RM. Nanoscale insight into the degradation mechanisms of the cartilage articulating surface preceding OA. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:3944-3955. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00496k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease and leading cause of disability globally. We report the a fundamental study of the mechanisms underlying deterioration of hydrated cartilage in the presence of elevated calcium content preceding OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Shoaib
- Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
| | - Catherine Yuh
- Department of Orthopedics
- Rush University Medical Center
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Markus A. Wimmer
- Department of Orthopedics
- Rush University Medical Center
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Thomas M. Schmid
- Department of Orthopedics
- Rush University Medical Center
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Rosa M. Espinosa-Marzal
- Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department
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24
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Zhang X, Cai D, Zhou F, Yu J, Wu X, Yu D, Zou Y, Hong Y, Yuan C, Chen Y, Pan Z, Bunpetch V, Sun H, An C, Yi-Chin T, Ouyang H, Zhang S. Targeting downstream subcellular YAP activity as a function of matrix stiffness with Verteporfin-encapsulated chitosan microsphere attenuates osteoarthritis. Biomaterials 2019; 232:119724. [PMID: 31918221 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the stiffness of chondrocyte extracellular matrix (ECM) are involved in the pathological progression of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the downstream responses of cartilage ECM stiffness are still unclear. YAP (Yes-associated protein) has been extensively studied as a mechanotransducer, we thus hypothesized that by targeting the downstream molecule activity of ECM stiffness could maintain chondrocyte phenotype and prevent cartilage degeneration in OA. Here, we showed that human cartilage matrix stiffened during pathological progression of OA, and the chondrocyte YAP activity was associated with ECM stiffness. We then mimicked the physiological and pathological stiffness of human cartilage by using PDMS-based substrates, and found that YAP was activated in chondrocytes seeded on stiff substrate, gradually losing their phenotype. In addition, it was observed that YAP was also significantly activated in mice OA development, and conditional knockout (cKO) of YAP in mice preserved collagen II expression and protected cartilage from degeneration in the OA model. Furthermore, intra-articular injection of YAP-selective inhibitor, Verteporfin, significantly maintained cartilage homeostasis in mice OA model. This study indicates that the application of mechanotransducer-targeted drugs could be a potential therapeutic approach for cartilage repair in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhu Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Cai
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Zhou
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwei Zou
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Hong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunhui Yuan
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yishan Chen
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongyou Pan
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Varitsara Bunpetch
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heng Sun
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengrui An
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Toh Yi-Chin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore 4, Engineering Drive 3, E4-04-10, 117583, Singapore
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute & School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
| | - Shufang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
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25
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A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019; 19:1055-1077. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-019-01270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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Alberton P, Dugonitsch HC, Hartmann B, Li P, Farkas Z, Saller MM, Clausen-Schaumann H, Aszodi A. Aggrecan Hypomorphism Compromises Articular Cartilage Biomechanical Properties and Is Associated with Increased Incidence of Spontaneous Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051008. [PMID: 30813547 PMCID: PMC6429589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding the proteoglycan aggrecan (Agc1) is abundantly expressed in cartilage during development and adulthood, and the loss or diminished deposition of the protein results in a wide range of skeletal malformations. Furthermore, aggrecan degradation is a hallmark of cartilage degeneration occurring in osteoarthritis. In the present study, we investigated the consequences of a partial loss of aggrecan in the postnatal skeleton and in the articular cartilage of adult mice. We took advantage of the previously described Agc1tm(IRES-CreERT2) mouse line, which allows for conditional and timely-regulated deletion of floxed, cartilage-expressed genes. As previously reported, the introduction of the CreERT2 cassette in the 3’UTR causes a disruption of the normal expression of Agc1 resulting in a hypomorphic deposition of the protein. In homozygous mice, we observed a dwarf phenotype, which persisted throughout adulthood supporting the evidence that reduced aggrecan amount impairs skeletal growth. Homozygous mice exhibited reduced proteoglycan staining of the articular cartilage at 6 and 12 months of age, increased stiffening of the extracellular matrix at six months, and developed severe cartilage erosion by 12 months. The osteoarthritis in the hypomorph mice was not accompanied by increased expression of catabolic enzymes and matrix degradation neoepitopes. These findings suggest that the degeneration found in homozygous mice is likely due to the compromised mechanical properties of the cartilage tissue upon aggrecan reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Alberton
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany.
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany.
| | - Hans Christian Dugonitsch
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Bastian Hartmann
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany.
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany.
- Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany.
| | - Ping Li
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Zsuzsanna Farkas
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Michael Saller
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Hauke Clausen-Schaumann
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany.
- Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany.
| | - Attila Aszodi
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany.
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany.
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27
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Cui SJ, Fu Y, Liu Y, Kou XX, Zhang JN, Gan YH, Zhou YH, Wang XD. Chronic inflammation deteriorates structure and function of collagen fibril in rat temporomandibular joint disc. Int J Oral Sci 2019; 11:2. [PMID: 30783108 PMCID: PMC6381164 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-018-0036-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen is the building component of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) discs and is often affected by inflammation in temporomandibular disorders. The macromechanical properties of collagen are deteriorated by chronic inflammation. However, the mechanism by which inflammation influences disc function remains unknown. The relationship between the ultrastructure and nanomechanical properties of collagen in inflamed discs should be clarified. Seven-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups. Chronic TMJ inflammation was induced by intra-articular injection of complete Freund's adjuvant, and samples were harvested after 5 weeks. Picrosirius staining revealed multiple colours under polarized light, which represented alternative collagen bundles in inflamed discs. Using atomic force microscopy scanning, the magnitude of Young's modulus was reduced significantly accompanied with disordered collagen fibril arrangement with porous architecture of inflamed discs. Transmission electron microscopy scanning revealed a non-uniform distribution of collagen fibres, and oversized collagen fibrils were observed in inflamed discs. Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy revealed a decrease in 1 338 cm-1/amide II area ratio of collagen in different regions. The peak positions of amide I and amide II bands were altered in inflamed discs, indicating collagen unfolding. Our results suggest that sustained inflammation deteriorates collagen structures, resulting in the deterioration of the ultrastructure and nanomechanical properties of rat TMJ discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jie Cui
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xing Kou
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Jie-Ni Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Ye-Hua Gan
- Center for Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Heng Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China. .,Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
| | - Xue-Dong Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China. .,Center for Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Regeneration, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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28
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Huang K, Wu LD. Dehydroepiandrosterone: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications in osteoarthritis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 183:27-38. [PMID: 29787833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a 19-carbon steroid hormone primarily synthesized in the adrenal gland, exerts a chondroprotective effect against osteoarthritis (OA) and has been considered an effective candidate of disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) that slow disease progression. We and others previously demonstrated that DHEA exerted a beneficial effect on osteoarthritic cartilage by positively modulating the balance between anabolic and catabolic factors (e.g., MMPs/TIMP-1, ADAMTS/TIMP-3 and cysteine proteinases/cystatin C), inhibiting catabolic signaling pathways (e.g., Wnt/β-catenin), and suppressing proinflammatory cytokines-mediated low-grade synovial inflammation (e.g., IL-1β). However, the full picture of the pharmacological molecular mechanism(s) underlying the activity of DHEA against OA is still incomplete, and a comprehensive and up-to-date review article in this field is unavailable. In this review, recent findings (apart from the well documented pathogenesis of OA) regarding disease-related mechanisms involving low grade synovial inflammation, cartilage matrix stiffness, chondrocyte autophagy and the roles of a variety of catabolic cellular signaling pathways are discussed. Moreover, the possible relationship between these disease-related mechanisms and DHEA action is discussed. Emerging evidence from in vivo and in vitro studies were scrutinized and are concisely presented to demonstrate the investigational and putative mechanisms underlying the anti-OA potential of DHEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Li-Dong Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, China
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29
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Kotova SL, Timashev PS, Belkova GV, Kochueva MV, Babak KV, Timofeeva VA, Kiseleva EB, Vasilieva OO, Maslennikova AV, Solovieva AB. Early Effects of Ionizing Radiation on the Collagen Hierarchical Structure of Bladder and Rectum Visualized by Atomic Force Microscopy. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2018; 24:38-48. [PMID: 29485022 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927618000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy, widely used in the treatment of a variety of malignancies in the pelvic area, is associated with inevitable damage to the surrounding healthy tissues. We have applied atomic force microscopy (AFM) to track the early damaging effects of ionizing radiation on the collagen structures in the experimental animals' bladder and rectum. The first signs of the low-dose radiation (2 Gy) effect were detected by AFM as early as 1 week postirradiation. The observed changes were consistent with initial radiation destruction of the protein matrix. The alterations in the collagen fibers' packing 1 month postirradiation were indicative of the onset of fibrotic processes. The destructive effect of higher radiation doses was probed 1 day posttreatment. The severity of the radiation damage was proportional to the dose, from relatively minor changes in the collagen packing at 8 Gy to the growing collagen matrix destruction at higher doses and complete three-dimensional collagen network restructuring towards fibrotic-type architecture at the dose of 22 Gy. The AFM study appeared superior to the optical microscopy-based studies in its sensitivity to early radiation damage of tissues, providing valuable additional information on the onset and development of the collagen matrix destruction and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana L Kotova
- 1Department of Polymers and Composites,N.N.Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics,4 Kosygin St.,Moscow 119991,Russia
| | - Peter S Timashev
- 3Institute for Regenerative Medicine,I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University,8 Trubetskaya st.,Moscow 119991,Russia
| | - Galina V Belkova
- 1Department of Polymers and Composites,N.N.Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics,4 Kosygin St.,Moscow 119991,Russia
| | - Marina V Kochueva
- 5Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy,10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq.,Nizhny Novgorod 603005,Russia
| | - Ksenia V Babak
- 6N.I.Lobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod State University,23 Gagarin Ave.,Nizhny Novgorod 603950,Russia
| | - Victoria A Timofeeva
- 1Department of Polymers and Composites,N.N.Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics,4 Kosygin St.,Moscow 119991,Russia
| | - Elena B Kiseleva
- 5Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy,10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq.,Nizhny Novgorod 603005,Russia
| | - Olga O Vasilieva
- 1Department of Polymers and Composites,N.N.Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics,4 Kosygin St.,Moscow 119991,Russia
| | - Anna V Maslennikova
- 5Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy,10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq.,Nizhny Novgorod 603005,Russia
| | - Anna B Solovieva
- 1Department of Polymers and Composites,N.N.Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics,4 Kosygin St.,Moscow 119991,Russia
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30
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Peters AE, Akhtar R, Comerford EJ, Bates KT. Tissue material properties and computational modelling of the human tibiofemoral joint: a critical review. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4298. [PMID: 29379690 PMCID: PMC5787350 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how structural and functional alterations of individual tissues impact on whole-joint function is challenging, particularly in humans where direct invasive experimentation is difficult. Finite element (FE) computational models produce quantitative predictions of the mechanical and physiological behaviour of multiple tissues simultaneously, thereby providing a means to study changes that occur through healthy ageing and disease such as osteoarthritis (OA). As a result, significant research investment has been placed in developing such models of the human knee. Previous work has highlighted that model predictions are highly sensitive to the various inputs used to build them, particularly the mathematical definition of material properties of biological tissues. The goal of this systematic review is two-fold. First, we provide a comprehensive summation and evaluation of existing linear elastic material property data for human tibiofemoral joint tissues, tabulating numerical values as a reference resource for future studies. Second, we review efforts to model tibiofemoral joint mechanical behaviour through FE modelling with particular focus on how studies have sourced tissue material properties. The last decade has seen a renaissance in material testing fuelled by development of a variety of new engineering techniques that allow the mechanical behaviour of both soft and hard tissues to be characterised at a spectrum of scales from nano- to bulk tissue level. As a result, there now exists an extremely broad range of published values for human tibiofemoral joint tissues. However, our systematic review highlights gaps and ambiguities that mean quantitative understanding of how tissue material properties alter with age and OA is limited. It is therefore currently challenging to construct FE models of the knee that are truly representative of a specific age or disease-state. Consequently, recent tibiofemoral joint FE models have been highly generic in terms of material properties even relying on non-human data from multiple species. We highlight this by critically evaluating current ability to quantitatively compare and model (1) young and old and (2) healthy and OA human tibiofemoral joints. We suggest that future research into both healthy and diseased knee function will benefit greatly from a subject- or cohort-specific approach in which FE models are constructed using material properties, medical imagery and loading data from cohorts with consistent demographics and/or disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby E. Peters
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Riaz Akhtar
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Eithne J. Comerford
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Karl T. Bates
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Liang T, Zhang LL, Xia W, Yang HL, Luo ZP. Individual Collagen Fibril Thickening and Stiffening of Annulus Fibrosus in Degenerative Intervertebral Disc. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2017; 42:E1104-E1111. [PMID: 28146016 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000002085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN In vitro study using rat intervertebral discs (IVDs). OBJECTIVE To explore the alteration of annulus fibrosus collagen fibrils after loading on IVD and to investigate the degeneration pathogenesis at the nanoscale. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Abnormal loading can lead to IVD degeneration, but the precise mechanism has been hitherto elusive, especially at the nanoscale. METHODS A rat IVD loading model was used, which combined bending of the tail by 40° with compressive loading of 1.8, 4.5, and 7.2 N of the rat tail using an external fixation device. The structure and the elastic modulus of individual collagen fibrils within IVD Co8-Co9 was examined 2 weeks after loading at the nanoscale using atomic force microscopy. RESULTS Significant fibril disorder and a decrease in cell number within the annulus fibrosus after loading was observed at the microscale as judged by hematoxylin/eosin staining, suggesting initiation of rupture of the structure and degradation of the IVD. The annulus fibrosus collagen fibrils underwent a change in diameter and elastic modulus from 170 ± 18 to 310 ± 24 nm (P < 0.001) and 0.86 ± 0.12 to 1.27 ± 0.30 GPa (P = 0.003), respectively when measured on the concave side after a loading of 7.2 N. Thus the loading process resulted in a thickening and stiffening of collagen fibrils with a difference between the inner and outer layers. CONCLUSION The results of the present study indicated that abnormal loading was not only associated with disorder at the microscale, but also alteration of the collagen fibrils at the nanoscale, possibly leading to changes in the mechanical and physiological environment around the cells of the annulus fibrosus. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liang
- Orthopaedic Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Han B, Nia HT, Wang C, Chandrasekaran P, Li Q, Chery DR, Li H, Grodzinsky AJ, Han L. AFM-Nanomechanical Test: An Interdisciplinary Tool That Links the Understanding of Cartilage and Meniscus Biomechanics, Osteoarthritis Degeneration, and Tissue Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:2033-2049. [PMID: 31423463 PMCID: PMC6697429 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Our objective is to provide an in-depth review of the recent technical advances of atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanomechanical tests and their contribution to a better understanding and diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OA), as well as the repair of tissues undergoing degeneration during OA progression. We first summarize a range of technical approaches for AFM-based nanoindentation, including considerations in both experimental design and data analysis. We then provide a more detailed description of two recently developed modes of AFM-nanoindentation, a high-bandwidth nanorheometer system for studying poroviscoelasticity and an immunofluorescence-guided nanomechanical mapping technique for delineating the pericellular matrix (PCM) and territorial/interterritorial matrix (T/IT-ECM) of surrounding cells in connective tissues. Next, we summarize recent applications of these approaches to three aspects of joint-related healthcare and disease: cartilage aging and OA, developmental biology and OA pathogenesis in murine models, and nanomechanics of the meniscus. These studies were performed over a hierarchy of length scales, from the molecular, cellular to the whole tissue level. The advances described here have contributed greatly to advancing the fundamental knowledge base for improved understanding, detection, and treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hadi T. Nia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Prashant Chandrasekaran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Qing Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Daphney R. Chery
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hao Li
- College of Architecture and the Built Environment, Philadelphia University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19144, United States
| | - Alan J. Grodzinsky
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Unraveling the role of Calcium ions in the mechanical properties of individual collagen fibrils. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46042. [PMID: 28378770 PMCID: PMC5380965 DOI: 10.1038/srep46042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen, the dominating material in the extracellular matrix, provides the strength, elasticity and mechanical stability to the organisms. The mechanical property of collagen is mainly dominated by its surrounding environments. However, the variation and origin of the mechanics of collagen fibril under different concentrations of calcium ions (χCa) remains unknown. By using the atomic force microscopy based nanoindentation, the mechanics and structure of individual type II collagen fibril were first investigated under different χCa in this study. The results demonstrate that both of the mechanical and structural properties of the collagen fibril show a prominent dependence on χCa. The mechanism of χCa-dependence of the collagen fibril was attributed to the chelation between collagen molecules and the calcium ions. Given the role of calcium in the pathology of osteoarthritis, the current study may cast new light on the understanding of osteoarthritis and other soft tissue hardening related diseases in the future.
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Peters AE, Comerford EJ, Macaulay S, Bates KT, Akhtar R. Micromechanical properties of canine femoral articular cartilage following multiple freeze-thaw cycles. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 71:114-121. [PMID: 28285060 PMCID: PMC5429396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tissue material properties are crucial to understanding their mechanical function, both in healthy and diseased states. However, in certain circumstances logistical limitations can prevent testing on fresh samples necessitating one or more freeze-thaw cycles. To date, the nature and extent to which the material properties of articular cartilage are altered by repetitive freezing have not been explored. Therefore, the aim of this study is to quantify how articular cartilage mechanical properties, measured by nanoindentation, are affected by multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Canine cartilage plugs (n = 11) from medial and lateral femoral condyles were submerged in phosphate buffered saline, stored at 3-5°C and tested using nanoindentation within 12h. Samples were then frozen at -20°C and later thawed at 3-5°C for 3h before material properties were re-tested and samples re-frozen under the same conditions. This process was repeated for all 11 samples over three freeze-thaw cycles. Overall mean and standard deviation of shear storage modulus decreased from 1.76 ± 0.78 to 1.21 ± 0.77MPa (p = 0.91), shear loss modulus from 0.42 ± 0.19 to 0.39 ± 0.17MPa (p=0.70) and elastic modulus from 5.13 ± 2.28 to 3.52 ± 2.24MPa (p = 0.20) between fresh and three freeze-thaw cycles respectively. The loss factor increased from 0.31 ± 0.38 to 0.71 ± 1.40 (p = 0.18) between fresh and three freeze-thaw cycles. Inter-sample variability spanned as much as 10.47MPa across freezing cycles and this high-level of biological variability across samples likely explains why overall mean "whole-joint" trends do not reach statistical significance across the storage conditions tested. As a result multiple freeze-thaw cycles cannot be explicitly or statistically linked to mechanical changes within the cartilage. However, the changes in material properties observed herein may be sufficient in magnitude to impact on a variety of clinical and scientific studies of cartilage, and should be considered when planning experimental protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby E Peters
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, The William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, The Quadrangle, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK.
| | - Eithne J Comerford
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, The William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, The Quadrangle, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK; Institute of Veterinary Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral CH64 7TE, UK.
| | - Sophie Macaulay
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, The William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK.
| | - Karl T Bates
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, The William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK.
| | - Riaz Akhtar
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, The Quadrangle, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK.
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Tiku ML, Madhan B. Preserving the longevity of long-lived type II collagen and its implication for cartilage therapeutics. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 28:62-71. [PMID: 27133944 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human life expectancy has been steadily increasing at a rapid rate, but this increasing life span also brings about increases in diseases, dementia, and disability. A global burden of disease 2010 study revealed that hip and knee osteoarthritis ranked the 11th highest in terms of years lived with disability. Wear and tear can greatly influence the quality of life during ageing. In particular, wear and tear of the articular cartilage have adverse effects on joints and result in osteoarthritis. The articular cartilage uses longevity of type II collagen as the foundation around which turnover of proteoglycans and the homeostatic activity of chondrocytes play central roles thereby maintaining the function of articular cartilage in the ageing. The longevity of type II collagen involves a complex interaction of the scaffolding needs of the cartilage and its biochemical, structural and mechanical characteristics. The covalent cross-linking of heterotypic polymers of collagens type II, type IX and type XI hold together cartilage, allowing it to withstand ageing stresses. Discerning the biological clues in the armamentarium for preserving cartilage appears to be collagen cross-linking. Therapeutic methods to crosslink in in-vivo are non-existent. However intra-articular injections of polyphenols in vivo stabilize the cartilage and make it resistant to degradation, opening a new therapeutic possibility for prevention and intervention of cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moti L Tiku
- Rutgers, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Balaraman Madhan
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Timashev PS, Kotova SL, Belkova GV, Gubar'kova EV, Timofeeva LB, Gladkova ND, Solovieva AB. Atomic Force Microscopy Study of Atherosclerosis Progression in Arterial Walls. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2016; 22:311-25. [PMID: 26843417 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927616000039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Here we suggest a novel approach for tracking atherosclerosis progression based on the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM). Using AFM, we studied cross-sections of coronary arteries with the following types of lesions: Type II-thickened intima; Type III-thickened intima with a lipid streak; Type IV-fibrotic layer over a lipid core; Type Va-unstable fibrotic layer over a lipid core; Type Vc-very thick fibrotic layer. AFM imaging revealed that the fibrotic layer of an atherosclerotic plaque is represented by a basket-weave network of collagen fibers and a subscale network of fibrils that become looser with atherosclerosis progression. In an unstable plaque (Type Va), packing of the collagen fibers and fibrils becomes even less uniform than that at the previous stages, while a stable fibrotic plaque (Vc) has significantly tighter packing. Such alterations of the collagen network morphology apparently, led to deterioration of the Type Va plaque mechanical properties, that, in turn, resulted in its instability and propensity to rupture. Thus, AFM may serve as a useful tool for tracking atherosclerosis progression in the arterial wall tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Timashev
- 1Institute of Laser and Information Technologies,2 Pionerskaya St.,142092 Troitsk,Moscow,Russia
| | - Svetlana L Kotova
- 2Department of Polymers and Composites,N.N.Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics,4 Kosygin St.,119991 Moscow,Russia
| | - Galina V Belkova
- 2Department of Polymers and Composites,N.N.Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics,4 Kosygin St.,119991 Moscow,Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Gubar'kova
- 3Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy,10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq.,603005 Nizhny Novgorod,Russia
| | - Lidia B Timofeeva
- 3Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy,10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq.,603005 Nizhny Novgorod,Russia
| | - Natalia D Gladkova
- 3Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy,10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq.,603005 Nizhny Novgorod,Russia
| | - Anna B Solovieva
- 2Department of Polymers and Composites,N.N.Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics,4 Kosygin St.,119991 Moscow,Russia
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Matrix cross-linking-mediated mechanotransduction promotes posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:9424-9. [PMID: 26170306 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1505700112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by impairment of the load-bearing function of articular cartilage. OA cartilage matrix undergoes extensive biophysical remodeling characterized by decreased compliance. In this study, we elucidate the mechanistic origin of matrix remodeling and the downstream mechanotransduction pathway and further demonstrate an active role of this mechanism in OA pathogenesis. Aging and mechanical stress, the two major risk factors of OA, promote cartilage matrix stiffening through the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products and up-regulation of the collagen cross-linking enzyme lysyl oxidase, respectively. Increasing matrix stiffness substantially disrupts the homeostatic balance between chondrocyte catabolism and anabolism via the Rho-Rho kinase-myosin light chain axis, consequently eliciting OA pathogenesis in mice. Experimental enhancement of nonenzymatic or enzymatic matrix cross-linking augments surgically induced OA pathogenesis in mice, and suppressing these events effectively inhibits OA with concomitant modulation of matrix degrading enzymes. Based on these findings, we propose a central role of matrix-mediated mechanotransduction in OA pathogenesis.
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Hardin JA, Cobelli N, Santambrogio L. Consequences of metabolic and oxidative modifications of cartilage tissue. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2015; 11:521-9. [PMID: 26034834 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2015.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of chronic metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome, and oxidative stress, as occurs in chronic inflammatory and degenerative conditions, is the presence of extensive protein post-translational modifications, including glycation, glycoxidation, carbonylation and nitrosylation. These modifications have been detected on structural cartilage proteins in joints and intervertebral discs, where they are known to affect protein folding, induce protein aggregation and, ultimately, generate microanatomical changes in the proteoglycan-collagen network that surrounds chondrocytes. Many of these modifications have also been shown to promote oxidative cleavage as well as enzymatically-mediated matrix degradation. Overall, a general picture starts to emerge indicating that biochemical changes in proteins constitute an early event that compromises the anatomical organization and viscoelasticity of cartilage, thereby affecting its ability to sustain pressure and, ultimately, impeding its overall bio-performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Hardin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Centre, 1250 Waters Place, New York, NY 10467, USA
| | - Neil Cobelli
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Centre, 1250 Waters Place, New York, NY 10467, USA
| | - Laura Santambrogio
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology and Orthopedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, New York, NY 10461, USA
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Kotova SL, Timashev PS, Guller AE, Shekhter AB, Misurkin PI, Bagratashvili VN, Solovieva AB. Collagen structure deterioration in the skin of patients with pelvic organ prolapse determined by atomic force microscopy. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2015; 21:324-333. [PMID: 25740571 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927615000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to diagnose pathological changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of skin connective tissue in patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP). POP is a common condition affecting women that considerably decreases the patients' quality of life. Deviations from normal morphology of the skin ECM from patients with POP occur including packing and arrangement of individual collagen fibers and arrangement of collagen fibrils. The nanoindentation study revealed significant deterioration of the mechanical properties of collagen fibril bundles in the skin of POP patients as compared with the skin of healthy subjects. Changes in the skin ECM appeared to correlate well with changes in the ECM of the pelvic ligament tissue associated with POP. AFM data on the ECM structure of normal and pathologically altered connective tissue were in agreement with results of the standard histological study on the same clinical specimens. Thus, AFM and related techniques may serve as independent or complementary diagnostic tools for tracking POP-related pathological changes of connective tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana L Kotova
- 1N.N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics,Department of Polymers and Composites,4 Kosygin St.,119991,Moscow,Russia
| | - Peter S Timashev
- 2Institute of Laser and Information Technologies,2 Pionerskaya St.,142092,Troitsk,Moscow,Russia
| | - Anna E Guller
- 3Research Institute of Molecular Medicine,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University,8 Trubetskaya St.,Bldg. 2,119991,Moscow,Russia
| | - Anatoly B Shekhter
- 3Research Institute of Molecular Medicine,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University,8 Trubetskaya St.,Bldg. 2,119991,Moscow,Russia
| | - Pavel I Misurkin
- 1N.N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics,Department of Polymers and Composites,4 Kosygin St.,119991,Moscow,Russia
| | - Victor N Bagratashvili
- 2Institute of Laser and Information Technologies,2 Pionerskaya St.,142092,Troitsk,Moscow,Russia
| | - Anna B Solovieva
- 1N.N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics,Department of Polymers and Composites,4 Kosygin St.,119991,Moscow,Russia
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Peng Z, Baena JC, Wang M. Investigations of micron and submicron wear features of diseased human cartilage surfaces. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2015; 229:164-74. [PMID: 25767152 DOI: 10.1177/0954411915572496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common disease. However, its causes and morphological features of diseased cartilage surfaces are not well understood. The purposes of this research were (a) to develop quantitative surface characterization techniques to study human cartilages at a micron and submicron scale and (b) to investigate distinctive changes in the surface morphologies and biomechanical properties of the cartilages in different osteoarthritis grades. Diseased cartilage samples collected from osteoarthritis patients were prepared for image acquisition using two different techniques, that is, laser scanning microscopy at a micrometer scale and atomic force microscopy at a nanometer scale. Three-dimensional, digital images of human cartilages were processed and analyzed quantitatively. This study has demonstrated that high-quality three-dimensional images of human cartilage surfaces could be obtained in a hydrated condition using laser scanning microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Based on the numerical data extracted from improved image quality and quantity, it has been found that osteoarthritis evolution can be identified by specific surface features at the micrometer scale, and these features are amplitude and functional property related. At the submicron level, the spatial features of the surfaces were revealed to differ between early and advanced osteoarthritis grades. The effective indentation moduli of human cartilages effectively revealed the cartilage deterioration. The imaging acquisition and numerical analysis methods established allow quantitative studies of distinctive changes in cartilage surface characteristics and better understanding of the cartilage degradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiao Peng
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Juan C Baena
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Meiling Wang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
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Iwamoto M, Ohta Y, Larmour C, Enomoto-Iwamoto M. Toward regeneration of articular cartilage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 99:192-202. [PMID: 24078496 DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.21042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is classified as permanent hyaline cartilage and has significant differences in structure, extracelluar matrix components, gene expression profile, and mechanical property from transient hyaline cartilage found in the epiphyseal growth plate. In the process of synovial joint development, articular cartilage originates from the interzone, developing at the edge of the cartilaginous anlagen, and establishes zonal structure over time and supports smooth movement of the synovial joint through life. The cascade actions of key regulators, such as Wnts, GDF5, Erg, and PTHLH, coordinate sequential steps of articular cartilage formation. Articular chondrocytes are restrictedly controlled not to differentiate into a hypertrophic stage by autocrine and paracrine factors and extracellular matrix microenvironment, but retain potential to undergo hypertrophy. The basal calcified zone of articular cartilage is connected with subchondral bone, but not invaded by blood vessels nor replaced by bone, which is highly contrasted with the growth plate. Articular cartilage has limited regenerative capacity, but likely possesses and potentially uses intrinsic stem cell source in the superficial layer, Ranvier's groove, the intra-articular tissues such as synovium and fat pad, and marrow below the subchondral bone. Considering the biological views on articular cartilage, several important points are raised for regeneration of articular cartilage. We should evaluate the nature of regenerated cartilage as permanent hyaline cartilage and not just hyaline cartilage. We should study how a hypertrophic phenotype of transplanted cells can be lastingly suppressed in regenerating tissue. Furthermore, we should develop the methods and reagents to activate recruitment of intrinsic stem/progenitor cells into the damaged site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Iwamoto
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perleman School of Medicine, University of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Shao J, Lin L, Tang B, Du C. Structure and nanomechanics of collagen fibrils in articular cartilage at different stages of osteoarthritis. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08997a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the variation of structure and nanomechanical properties of human articular cartilage (AC) at different stages of osteoarthritis (OA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundong Shao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen 518055, PR China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
| | - Lijun Lin
- Department of Orthopedics
- Zhujiang Hospital
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Chang Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, PR China
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Wen CY, Chen Y, Tang HL, Yan CH, Lu WW, Chiu KY. Bone loss at subchondral plate in knee osteoarthritis patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21:1716-23. [PMID: 23831668 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to characterize subchondral bone damages of knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients in presence of the comorbidities, i.e., hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A total of 43 patients with advanced stage of primary knee OA were recruited, and tibial plateau specimens were collected during surgery with informed consent. The specimens were processed for micro-CT and histological examination to assess the severity of subchondral bone damages. The presence of the comorbid disease, e.g., hypertension and T2DM, and the data on covariates, such as the age, gender and body mass index (BMI), were taken into account in a multi-variable linear regression model to explore the potential effect of the comorbidities on subchondral bone damages in knee OA after adjusting the covariates. RESULTS As compared to 15 subjects without the comorbidities, significant bone loss was observed at subchondral plate in 28 knee OA patients with hypertension and T2DM, in terms of the lower bone mineral density (BMD) (P = 0.034) and higher porosity (P = 0.032) on the medial portion of tibial plateau. After adjusting the age, gender and BMI, the presence of hypertension or T2DM was included in a regression model to explain in part the decreased BMD (r(2) = 0.551, P = 0.004) and increased porosity (r(2) = 0.545, P = 0.003) at subchondral plate in knee OA. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest the biological link between bone loss at subchondral bone plate in knee OA and the comorbid diseases, i.e., hypertension and T2DM, which prompt the needs for a large-scale cohort study to confirm the causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Wen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong
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The role of changes in extracellular matrix of cartilage in the presence of inflammation on the pathology of osteoarthritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:284873. [PMID: 24069595 PMCID: PMC3771246 DOI: 10.1155/2013/284873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that affects various tissues surrounding joints such as articular cartilage, subchondral bone, synovial membrane, and ligaments. No therapy is currently available to completely prevent the initiation or progression of the disease partly due to poor understanding of the mechanisms of the disease pathology. Cartilage is the main tissue afflicted by OA, and chondrocytes, the sole cellular component in the tissue, actively participate in the degeneration process. Multiple factors affect the development and progression of OA including inflammation that is sustained during the progression of the disease and alteration in biomechanical conditions due to wear and tear or trauma in cartilage. During the progression of OA, extracellular matrix (ECM) of cartilage is actively remodeled by chondrocytes under inflammatory conditions. This alteration of ECM, in turn, changes the biomechanical environment of chondrocytes, which further drives the progression of the disease in the presence of inflammation. The changes in ECM composition and structure also prevent participation of mesenchymal stem cells in the repair process by inhibiting their chondrogenic differentiation. This review focuses on how inflammation-induced ECM remodeling disturbs cellular activities to prevent self-regeneration of cartilage in the pathology of OA.
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