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Du YT, Pan ZG, Chen BC, Sun FY. Carotid artery transplantation of brain endothelial cells enhances neuroprotection and neurorepair in ischaemic stroke rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01339-z. [PMID: 38992118 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), an important component of the neurovascular unit, can promote angiogenesis and synaptic formation in ischaemic mice after brain parenchyma transplantation. Since the therapeutic efficacy of cell-based therapies depends on the extent of transplanted cell residence in the target tissue and cell migration ability, the delivery route has become a hot research topic. In this study, we investigated the effects of carotid artery transplantation of BMECs on neuronal injury, neurorepair, and neurological dysfunction in rats after cerebral ischaemic attack. Purified passage 1 endothelial cells (P1-BMECs) were prepared from mouse brain tissue. Adult rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 30 min. Then, the rats were treated with 5 × 105 P1-BMECs through carotid artery infusion or tail vein injection. We observed that carotid artery transplantation of BMECs produced more potent neuroprotective effects than caudal injection in MCAO rats, including reducing infarct size and alleviating neurological deficits in behavioural tests. Carotid artery-transplanted BMECs displayed a wider distribution in the ischaemic rat brain. Immunostaining for endothelial progenitor cells and the mature endothelial cell markers CD34 and RECA-1 showed that carotid artery transplantation of BMECs significantly increased angiogenesis. Carotid artery transplantation of BMECs significantly increased the number of surviving neurons, decreased the cerebral infarction volume, and alleviated neurological deficits. In addition, we found that carotid artery transplantation of BMECs significantly enhanced ischaemia-induced hippocampal neurogenesis, as measured by doublecortin (DCX) and Ki67 double staining within 2 weeks after ischaemic injury. We conclude that carotid artery transplantation of BMECs can promote cerebral angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and neurological function recovery in adult rats after ischaemic stroke. Our results suggest that carotid injection of BMECs may be a promising new approach for treating acute brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Du
- Department of Neurobiology and Research Institute for Aging and Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Guang Pan
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hua-Shan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bin-Chi Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Research Institute for Aging and Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Feng-Yan Sun
- Department of Neurobiology and Research Institute for Aging and Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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2
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Saleh RO, Majeed AA, Margiana R, Alkadir OKA, Almalki SG, Ghildiyal P, Samusenkov V, Jabber NK, Mustafa YF, Elawady A. Therapeutic gene delivery by mesenchymal stem cell for brain ischemia damage: Focus on molecular mechanisms in ischemic stroke. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3957. [PMID: 38468129 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic damage is prevalent and the second highest cause of death globally across patient populations; it is as a substantial reason of morbidity and mortality. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have garnered significant interest as a potential treatment for cerebral ischemic damage, as shown in ischemic stroke, because of their potent intrinsic features, which include self-regeneration, immunomodulation, and multi-potency. Additionally, MSCs are easily obtained, isolated, and cultured. Despite this, there are a number of obstacles that hinder the effectiveness of MSC-based treatment, such as adverse microenvironmental conditions both in vivo and in vitro. To overcome these obstacles, the naïve MSC has undergone a number of modification processes to enhance its innate therapeutic qualities. Genetic modification and preconditioning modification (with medications, growth factors, and other substances) are the two main categories into which these modification techniques can be separated. This field has advanced significantly and is still attracting attention and innovation. We examine these cutting-edge methods for preserving and even improving the natural biological functions and therapeutic potential of MSCs in relation to adhesion, migration, homing to the target site, survival, and delayed premature senescence. We address the use of genetically altered MSC in stroke-induced damage. Future strategies for improving the therapeutic result and addressing the difficulties associated with MSC modification are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | - Ali A Majeed
- Department of Pathological Analyses, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Master's Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ola Kamal A Alkadir
- Department of Medical Engineering, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sami G Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pallavi Ghildiyal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Vadim Samusenkov
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Elawady
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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3
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Zhou J, Gao T, Tang W, Qian T, Wang Z, Xu P, Wang L. Progress in the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy with umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells. Brain Dev 2023; 45:533-546. [PMID: 37806836 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a common disease among newborns, which is a leading cause of neonatal death and permanent neurological sequelae. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the only method for the treatment of HIE that has been recognized effective clinically at home and abroad, but the efficacy is limited. Recent research suggests that the cord blood-derived mononuclear cells (CB-MNCs), which the refer to blood cells containing one nucleus in the cord blood, exert anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic effects and play a neuroprotective role in HIE. This review focuses on safety and efficacy, the route of administration, dose, timing and combination treatment of CB-MNCs in HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhou
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China
| | - Ting Gao
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China
| | - Wan Tang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China
| | - Tianyang Qian
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China
| | - Pu Xu
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China
| | - Laishuan Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China.
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4
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Nguyen QT, Thanh LN, Hoang VT, Phan TTK, Heke M, Hoang DM. Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Cells in the Treatment of Neurological Diseases: Knowns and Unknowns. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3211-3250. [PMID: 37356043 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01377-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) have been used for decades in preclinical and clinical studies to treat various neurological diseases. However, there is still a knowledge gap in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of BMMNCs in the treatment of neurological diseases. In addition, prerequisite factors for the efficacy of BMMNC administration, such as the optimal route, dose, and number of administrations, remain unclear. In this review, we discuss known and unknown aspects of BMMNCs, including the cell harvesting, administration route and dose; mechanisms of action; and their applications in neurological diseases, including stroke, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, and epilepsy. Furthermore, recommendations on indications for BMMNC administration and the advantages and limitations of BMMNC applications for neurological diseases are discussed. BMMNCs in the treatment of neurological diseases. BMMNCs have been applied in several neurological diseases. Proposed mechanisms for the action of BMMNCs include homing, differentiation and paracrine effects (angiogenesis, neuroprotection, and anti-inflammation). Further studies should be performed to determine the optimal cell dose and administration route, the roles of BMMNC subtypes, and the indications for the use of BMMNCs in neurological conditions with and without genetic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quyen Thi Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 11622, Vietnam
| | - Liem Nguyen Thanh
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 11622, Vietnam.
- College of Health Science, Vin University, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Gia Lam District, Hanoi, 12400, Vietnam.
- Vinmec International Hospital-Times City, Vinmec Healthcare System, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi, 11622, Vietnam.
| | - Van T Hoang
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 11622, Vietnam
| | - Trang T K Phan
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 11622, Vietnam
| | - Michael Heke
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Duc M Hoang
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 11622, Vietnam
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5
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Fang J, Wang Z, Miao CY. Angiogenesis after ischemic stroke. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1305-1321. [PMID: 36829053 PMCID: PMC10310733 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to its high disability and mortality rates, stroke has been the second leading cause of death worldwide. Since the pathological mechanisms of stroke are not fully understood, there are few clinical treatment strategies available with an exception of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), the only FDA-approved drug for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Angiogenesis is an important protective mechanism that promotes neural regeneration and functional recovery during the pathophysiological process of stroke. Thus, inducing angiogenesis in the peri-infarct area could effectively improve hemodynamics, and promote vascular remodeling and recovery of neurovascular function after ischemic stroke. In this review, we summarize the cellular and molecular mechanisms affecting angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia registered in PubMed, and provide pro-angiogenic strategies for exploring the treatment of ischemic stroke, including endothelial progenitor cells, mesenchymal stem cells, growth factors, cytokines, non-coding RNAs, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University / Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University / Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chao-Yu Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University / Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Liu C, Yang ZX, Zhou SQ, Ding D, Hu YT, Yang HN, Han D, Hu SQ, Zong XM. Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor enhances the neuroprotective effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:1286-1292. [PMID: 36453413 PMCID: PMC9838145 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.358609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) might have therapeutic potency in ischemic stroke, the benefits are limited. The current study investigated the effects of BMSCs engineered to overexpress vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on behavioral defects in a rat model of transient cerebral ischemia, which was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. VEGF-BMSCs or control grafts were injected into the left striatum of the infarcted hemisphere 24 hours after stroke. We found that compared with the stroke-only group and the vehicle- and BMSCs-control groups, the VEGF-BMSCs treated animals displayed the largest benefits, as evidenced by attenuated behavioral defects and smaller infarct volume 7 days after stroke. Additionally, VEGF-BMSCs greatly inhibited destruction of the blood-brain barrier, increased the regeneration of blood vessels in the region of ischemic penumbra, and reducedneuronal degeneration surrounding the infarct core. Further mechanistic studies showed that among all transplant groups, VEGF-BMSCs transplantation induced the highest level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. These results suggest that BMSCs transplantation with vascular endothelial growth factor has the potential to treat ischemic stroke with better results than are currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Liu
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Emergency Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,Emergency Department of Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University/The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Yang
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Emergency Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Si-Qi Zhou
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Emergency Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ding Ding
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Emergency Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Ting Hu
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Emergency Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong-Ning Yang
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Emergency Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Second Clinical Medical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dong Han
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Emergency Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Second Clinical Medical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shu-Qun Hu
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Emergency Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Second Clinical Medical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,Correspondence to: Xue-Mei Zong, ; Shu-Qun Hu, .
| | - Xue-Mei Zong
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Emergency Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,Key Laboratory of Brain Diseases Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,Correspondence to: Xue-Mei Zong, ; Shu-Qun Hu, .
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7
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"Endothelial Antibody Factory" at the Blood Brain Barrier: Novel Approach to Therapy of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071418. [PMID: 35890313 PMCID: PMC9320725 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The failures of anti-β-amyloid immunotherapies suggested that the very low fraction of injected antibodies reaching the brain parenchyma due to the filtering effect of the BBB may be a reason for the lack of therapeutic effect. However, there is no treatment, as yet, for the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) despite substantial evidence existing of the involvement of TDP-43 protein in the evolution of ALS. To circumvent this filtering effect, we have developed a novel approach to facilitate the penetration of antibody fragments (Fabs) into the brain parenchyma. Leveraging the homing properties of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), we transfected, ex vivo, such cells with vectors encoding anti-β-amyloid and anti-TDP43 Fabs turning them into an “antibody fragment factory”. When injected these cells integrate into the BBB, where they secrete anti-TDP43 Fabs. The results showed the formation of tight junctions between the injected engineered EPCs and the unlabeled resident endothelial cells. When the EPCs were further modified to express the anti-TDP43 Fab, we could observe integration of these cells into the vasculature and the secretion of Fabs. Results confirm that production and secretion of Fabs at the BBB level leads to their migration to the brain parenchyma where they might exert a therapeutic effect.
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Yan F, Liu X, Ding H, Zhang W. Paracrine mechanisms of endothelial progenitor cells in vascular repair. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151833. [PMID: 34929523 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in repairing damaged blood vessels and promoting neovascularization. However, the specific mechanism of EPCs promoting vascular repair is still unclear. Currently, there are two different views on the repair of damaged vessels by EPCs, one is that EPCs can directly differentiate into endothelial cells (ECs) and integrate into injured vessels, the other is that EPCs act on cells and blood vessels by releasing paracrine substances. But more evidence now supports the latter. Therefore, the paracrine mechanisms of EPCs are worth further study. This review describes the substances secreted by EPCs, some applications based on paracrine effects of EPCs, and the studies of paracrine mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases--all of these are to support the view that EPCs repair blood vessels through paracrine effects rather than integrating directly into damaged vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanchen Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Huang Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
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Kapoor A, Gaubert A, Marshall A, Meier IB, Yew B, Ho JK, Blanken AE, Dutt S, Sible IJ, Li Y, Jang JY, Brickman AM, Rodgers K, Nation DA. Increased Levels of Circulating Angiogenic Cells and Signaling Proteins in Older Adults With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:711784. [PMID: 34650423 PMCID: PMC8510558 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.711784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is associated with increased risk of stroke and dementia. Progressive damage to the cerebral microvasculature may also trigger angiogenic processes to promote vessel repair. Elevated levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and pro-angiogenic signaling proteins are observed in response to vascular injury. We aimed to examine circulating levels of EPCs and proangiogenic proteins in older adults with evidence of SVD. Methods: Older adults (ages 55–90) free of dementia or stroke underwent venipuncture and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Flow cytometry quantified circulating EPCs as the number of cells in the lymphocyte gate positively expressing EPC surface markers (CD34+CD133+CD309+). Plasma was assayed for proangiogenic factors (VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, Tie-2, and Flt-1). Total SVD burden score was determined based on MRI markers, including white matter hyperintensities, cerebral microbleeds and lacunes. Results: Sixty-four older adults were included. Linear regression revealed that older adults with higher circulating EPC levels exhibited greater total SVD burden [β = 1.0 × 105, 95% CI (0.2, 1.9), p = 0.019], after accounting for age and sex. Similarly, a positive relationship between circulating VEGF-D and total SVD score was observed, controlling for age and sex [β = 0.001, 95% CI (0.000, 0.001), p = 0.048]. Conclusion: These findings suggest that elevated levels of circulating EPCs and VEGF-D correspond with greater cerebral SVD burden in older adults. Additional studies are warranted to determine whether activation of systemic angiogenic growth factors and EPCs represents an early attempt to rescue the vascular endothelium and repair damage in SVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Kapoor
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Aimée Gaubert
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Anisa Marshall
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Irene B Meier
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,Chione GmbH, Binz, Switzerland
| | - Belinda Yew
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jean K Ho
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Anna E Blanken
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shubir Dutt
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Isabel J Sible
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yanrong Li
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jung Yun Jang
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Adam M Brickman
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kathleen Rodgers
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, Department of Pharmacology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Daniel A Nation
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Linton AE, Weekman EM, Wilcock DM. Pathologic sequelae of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia sheds light on potential targets for intervention. CEREBRAL CIRCULATION - COGNITION AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 2:100030. [PMID: 36324710 PMCID: PMC9616287 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccb.2021.100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is one of the leading causes of dementia along with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and, importantly, VCID often manifests as a comorbidity of AD(Vemuri and Knopman 2016; Schneider and Bennett 2010)(Vemuri and Knopman 2016; Schneider and Bennett 2010). Despite its common clinical manifestation, the mechanisms underlying VCID disease progression remains elusive. In this review, existing knowledge is used to propose a novel hypothesis linking well-established risk factors of VCID with the distinct neurodegenerative cascades of neuroinflammation and chronic hypoperfusion. It is hypothesized that these two synergistic signaling cascades coalesce to initiate aberrant angiogenesis and induce blood brain barrier breakdown trough a mechanism mediated by vascular growth factors and matrix metalloproteinases respectively. Finally, this review concludes by highlighting several potential therapeutic interventions along this neurodegenerative sequalae providing diverse opportunities for future translational study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria E. Linton
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Physiology, Lexington KY 40536, USA
| | - Erica M. Weekman
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Physiology, Lexington KY 40536, USA
| | - Donna M. Wilcock
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Physiology, Lexington KY 40536, USA
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11
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Xia LZ, Tao J, Chen YJ, Liang LL, Luo GF, Cai ZM, Wang Z. Factors Affecting the Re-Endothelialization of Endothelial Progenitor Cell. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:1009-1025. [PMID: 34061680 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium, which plays an essential role in maintaining the normal shape and function of blood vessels, is a natural barrier between the circulating blood and the vascular wall tissue. The endothelial damage can cause vascular lesions, such as atherosclerosis and restenosis. After the vascular intima injury, the body starts the endothelial repair (re-endothelialization) to inhibit the neointimal hyperplasia. Endothelial progenitor cell is the precursor of endothelial cells and plays an important role in the vascular re-endothelialization. However, re-endothelialization is inevitably affected in vivo and in vitro by factors, which can be divided into two types, namely, promotion and inhibition, and act on different links of the vascular re-endothelialization. This article reviews these factors and related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Zhen Xia
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yan-Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ling-Li Liang
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Gui-Fang Luo
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ze-Min Cai
- Pediatrics Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zuo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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12
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Wang W, Zhang Y, Hui H, Tong W, Wei Z, Li Z, Zhang S, Yang X, Tian J, Chen Y. The effect of endothelial progenitor cell transplantation on neointimal hyperplasia and reendothelialisation after balloon catheter injury in rat carotid arteries. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:99. [PMID: 33536065 PMCID: PMC7860581 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02135-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reendothelialisation is the natural pathway that inhibits neointimal hyperplasia and in-stent restenosis. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) derived from bone marrow (BM) might contribute to endothelial repair. However, the temporal and spatial distributions of reendothelialisation and neointimal hyperplasia after EPC transplantation in injured arteries are currently unclear. Methods A carotid balloon injury (BI) model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats, and PKH26-labelled BM-derived EPCs were transplanted after BI. The carotid arteries were harvested on the first, fourth, seventh, and 14th day post-injury and analysed via light-sheet fluorescence microscopy and pathological staining (n = 3). EPC and human umbilical vein endothelial cell culture supernatants were collected, and blood samples were collected before and after transplantation. The paracrine effects of VEGF, IGF-1, and TGF-β1 in cell culture supernatants and serum were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (n = 4). Results Transplanted EPCs labelled with PKH26 were attached to the injured luminal surface the first day after BI. In the sham operation group, the transplanted EPCs did not adhere to the luminal surface. From the fourth day after BI, the mean fluorescence intensity of PKH26 decreased significantly. However, reendothelialisation and inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia were significantly promoted by transplanted EPCs. The degree of reendothelialisation of the EPC7d and EPC14d groups was higher than that of the BI7d and BI14d groups, and the difference in neointimal hyperplasia was observed between the EPC14d and BI14d groups. The number of endothelial cells on the luminal surface of the EPC14d group was higher than that of the BI14d group. The number of infiltrated macrophages in the injured artery decreased in the EPC transplanted groups. Conclusions Transplanted EPCs had chemotactic enrichment and attached to the injured arterial luminal surface. Although decreasing significantly after the fourth day at the site of injury after transplantation, transplanted EPCs could still promote reendothelialisation and inhibit neointimal hyperplasia. The underlying mechanism is through paracrine cytokines and not differentiation into mature endothelial cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02135-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yingqian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hui Hui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Tong
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zechen Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongxuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Suhui Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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13
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Reddy LVK, Murugan D, Mullick M, Begum Moghal ET, Sen D. Recent Approaches for Angiogenesis in Search of Successful Tissue Engineering and Regeneration. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:111-134. [PMID: 31682212 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666191104151928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a central role in human physiology from reproduction and fetal development to wound healing and tissue repair/regeneration. Clinically relevant therapies are needed for promoting angiogenesis in order to supply oxygen and nutrients after transplantation, thus relieving the symptoms of ischemia. Increase in angiogenesis can lead to the restoration of damaged tissues, thereby leading the way for successful tissue regeneration. Tissue regeneration is a broad field that has shown the convergence of various interdisciplinary fields, wherein living cells in conjugation with biomaterials have been tried and tested on to the human body. Although there is a prevalence of various approaches that hypothesize enhanced tissue regeneration via angiogenesis, none of them have been successful in gaining clinical relevance. Hence, the current review summarizes the recent cell-based and cell free (exosomes, extracellular vesicles, micro-RNAs) therapies, gene and biomaterial-based approaches that have been used for angiogenesis-mediated tissue regeneration and have been applied in treating disease models like ischemic heart, brain stroke, bone defects and corneal defects. This review also puts forward a concise report of the pre-clinical and clinical studies that have been performed so far; thereby presenting the credible impact of the development of biomaterials and their 3D concepts in the field of tissue engineering and regeneration, which would lead to the probable ways for heralding the successful future of angiogenesis-mediated approaches in the greater perspective of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekkala Vinod Kumar Reddy
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Durai Murugan
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Madhubanti Mullick
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Erfath Thanjeem Begum Moghal
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dwaipayan Sen
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.,University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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14
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Chen Q, Chen S, Zhao J, Zhou Y, Xu L. MicroRNA-126: A new and promising player in lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:35. [PMID: 33262827 PMCID: PMC7693477 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors associated with cancer death; however, the mechanisms involved in lung tumor development have not been completely elucidated, which impedes the advancement of clinical diagnosis and therapy. MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) is an important member of the microRNA family and is encoded by intron 7 of epidermal growth factor-like domain-containing gene 7. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that miR-126, as a distinct endothelial-enriched miRNA and new tumor suppressor gene, serves a promising role in the occurrence, development and metastasis of various types of cancer, including liver cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma and lung cancer. In the present review, the current knowledge of the role of miR-126 in lung cancer growth, metastasis, diagnosis and prognosis as well as therapy was summarized, which may provide new insights on the biological roles of miRNAsin lung cancer and facilitate the ultimate development of miRNA-based therapies in clinical patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Chen
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Shuanghua Chen
- Department of General Medicine, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Department of Medical Physics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
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15
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Kong Z, Chen M, Jiang J, Zhu J, Liu Y. A new method of culturing rat bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells in vitro. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2020; 10:1270-1279. [PMID: 33224751 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-20-536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in the re-endothelialization of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. However, the current acquisition method has some deficiencies. This study aimed to design a new and practical method for obtaining EPCs. Methods Bone marrow was obtained autologously from the right tibia of living rats. Briefly, the right tibia bone was carefully exposed and two holes (1 mm in diameter) were made in the tuberosity and lower one-third of the tibia, respectively. A PE-50 catheter and syringe (5 mL) were inserted through the holes to aspirate the bone marrow. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) were isolated by density-gradient centrifugation with Ficoll and counted. Adherent cell culture continued for 2 weeks, and the medium was replaced every 3 days. Results During the first days of culture, adherent cells formed a monolayer, consisting predominantly of small-sized cells. Single large cells with endothelial morphology were observed. On day 4, the nonadherent cells were removed, and the adherent cells were left for further culture. On day 6-7, a proliferating population of round cells formed clusters in the culture chamber, and morphological analysis revealed a homogeneous population of colony-forming units (CFUs). Large, flat cells with endothelial morphology sprouted from the CFUs, which had nearly disappeared by day 14 of culture. The adherent cells were positive for CD133 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), internalized acetylated low-density lipoprotein, and bound ulex europaeus-agglutinin-I, but were negative for CD45, which correlated with the endothelial morphology and ability to form capillaries of EPCs. Conclusions Our results are direct evidence that mononuclear cells (MCS) from living rat bone marrow can be used to culture EPCs in vitro under certain culture conditions, providing a new method for the further study of autologous EPC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohong Kong
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meixin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, China
| | - Yumin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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16
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Hong Y, Yu Q, Kong Z, Wang M, Zhang R, Li Y, Liu Y. Exogenous endothelial progenitor cells reached the deficient region of acute cerebral ischemia rats to improve functional recovery via Bcl-2. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2020; 10:695-704. [PMID: 32968626 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-20-329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background As discovered in our previous study, autologous endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) protect against acute focal ischemia rat via the promotion of angiogenesis. However, it is unknown whether the EPCs that reached the deficient region were transplanted ones or the products of other auto-conversion cells they had promoted. This study aimed to gather direct evidence for determining if exogenous transplanted EPCs directly participate in angiogenesis in ischemic areas and attempted to clarify the related mechanism. Methods First, EPCs were extracted in vitro from male rats, which were characterized by uptake of fluorescently labeled acetylated low-density lipoprotein (ac-LDL) intake and Ulex europaeus agglutinin (UEA-1) and subsequently introduced to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) female rats for 7 days after ischemia surgery. The EPC-treated animals received approximately 1×106 cells, while the control animals received phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The animals behavior function recovery were by a rotarod (TOR) test, while infarct volume was assessed by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CD31 antibody was used to determine the presence of EPCs in the ischemic zone, and sex-determining region Y (SRY) gene in-situ hybridization (ISH) traced the EPC process. In addition, immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to assess B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression in the ischemic brain. Results Behavior tests and MRI of all ischemic stroke groups on postoperative day 14 indicated that EPCs were more effective in behavior function recovery and reducing infarct volume and gliosis status than the control group. Cluster of differentiation (CD31) immunofluorescent staining and SRY gene ISH demonstrated that EPCs yielded a better outcome in both angiogenesis and exogenous cell homing status. We also observed increased Bcl-2 distribution and higher plasma Bcl-2 levels in the EPC-treated group compared to the control group. Conclusions Our results provide direct evidence that exogenous EPCs can participate in angiogenesis to improve neurological outcome and revascularization directly after stroke, with Bcl-2 playing an important role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohong Kong
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meiyao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Renwei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yumin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Liu J, Yan Z, Yang F, Huang Y, Yu Y, Zhou L, Sun Z, Cui D, Yan Y. Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Accelerate Cutaneous Wound Healing by Enhancing Angiogenesis through Delivering Angiopoietin-2. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 17:305-317. [PMID: 32613452 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-09992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) and their exosomes (hucMSC-Exs), which play significant roles in skin wound healing, remain poorly understood. By using a rat model of deep second-degree burn injury, the roles of hucMSC-Exs in angiogenesis and cutaneous wound healing in vivo were investigated. We found that hucMSC-Exs accelerated skin wound healing and angiogenesis, inducing a higher wound-closure rate and increased expression of CD31 in vivo. We also discovered that hucMSC-Exs contained angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), and treatment with hucMSC-Exs enhanced the expression of the Ang-2 protein in the wound area and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through exosomal-mediated Ang-2 transfer. Moreover, hucMSC-Exs promoted the proliferative, migratory, and tube-forming ability of HUVECs. Furthermore, overexpression of Ang-2 in hucMSC-Exs further enhanced HUVEC migration and tube formation and exerted therapeutic and proangiogenic effects in cutaneous wounds in rats, whereas knockdown of Ang-2 in hucMSC-Exs abrogated these therapeutic and proangiogenic effects. Taken together, our results indicated that hucMSC-Ex-derived Ang-2 plays a significant role in tube formation of HUVECs and promotion of angiogenesis, and further suggested that hucMSC-Ex-based therapy may serve as a promising therapeutic approach for promoting cutaneous wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwen Liu
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuji Yang
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yu
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Sun
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Kong Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Shan W, Wu J, Wang Q. MicroRNA-126 promotes endothelial progenitor cell proliferation and migration ability via the Notch pathway. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2020; 10:490-499. [PMID: 32695628 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-20-178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Effective regulation of the biological function of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is of great importance in its clinical application. This study aimed to explore the effect of microRNA-126 (miR-126) on the proliferation and migration of EPCs and the possible mechanism involved. Methods EPCs was isolated and cultured in vitro, and differences in the expression of miR-126 in endothelial cells (ECs) and EPCs, respectively, were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR). EPCs proliferation was then observed through CCK8 and colony formation experiments. Flow cytometry was also used to observe changes in the cycle and apoptosis of EPCs, and their migration ability was detected by scratch healing and Transwell assays. RT-PCR and Western blotting were carried out to observe the expression of key mRNA molecules and proteins of the Notch pathway. Results The relative expression of miR-126 in the EPCs group were 1.91±0.21, which was significantly higher than that in the EC group (1.25±0.06, P<0.05). When si-miR-126 and si-NC were transfected into the EPCs, it was found that the proliferation ability of cells in the si-miR-126 group decreased significantly (P<0.05), the apoptotic rate of the cells transfected with si-miR-126 was significantly increased, and the cell cycle was blocked at G0/G1 phase. RT-PCR and Western blotting demonstrated that the mRNA and protein expressions of Notch 1 and HES were significantly decreased in the si-miR-126 group. Conclusions miR-126 can effectively promote the proliferation, invasion, and migration of EPCS, while inhibiting apoptosis, through the Notch1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohong Kong
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yudi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Shan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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Kong Z, Shen Q, Jiang J, Deng M, Zhang Z, Wang G. Wogonin improves functional neuroprotection for acute cerebral ischemia in rats by promoting angiogenesis via TGF-β1. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:639. [PMID: 31930040 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.10.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Previous studies showed that wogonin is a potential candidate for more effective treatment of neuronal and inflammatory disease and could offer neuroprotective activity in various models, but all these studies were in vitro. Our research aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of wogonin on focal cerebral ischemia in rats and uncover its potential mechanism. Methods A total of 80 male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group (Sham group, 20 rats), a normal saline group (NS group, 20 rats), and a wogonin intervention group (W2W group, 20 rats), while the remaining 20 rats were kept as a substitute. The model of focal cerebral ischemia (MCAO) was established by thread embolization. The neurological deficits were evaluated by the modified neurological deficit scale (mNSS). The laser confocal technique was used to observe the diameter, density, and total area of microvessel. Lastly, the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was detected by Western blot. Results The mNSS scores of the NS group and Wn2W group were 6.57±1.13 and 4.39±0.92 respectively, and the difference between NS group and Wn2W group was statistically significant (P<0.05); the vascular diameter of the Wn2W group, Sham group, and NS group were 2.93±0.19, 4.24±0.16, and 3.56±0.22 µm respectively, and the differences among these groups were statistically significant (F=102.142, P<0.01). Furthermore, the differences in the vascular density (F=290.49, P<0.01) and total microvessel area (F=163.08, P<0.01) among these groups were also statistically significant. The expression of TGF-β1 in ischemic brain tissue of the Sham group, NS group, and Wn2W group were 0.46±0.14, 0.62±0.18, and 0.94±0.21 respectively, and the differences among these groups were statistically significant (F=102.142, P<0.01). Conclusions Wogonin can markedly reduce nerve injury and improve nerve function in rats with cerebral ischemia, which may be related to the TGF-β1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohong Kong
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry & Mental Health Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430061, China.,Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qinglin Shen
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Min Deng
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry & Mental Health Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430061, China
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Sadanandan N, Di Santo S, Widmer HR. Another win for endothelial progenitor cells: Endothelial progenitor cell-derived conditioned medium promotes proliferation and exerts neuroprotection in cultured neuronal progenitor cells. Brain Circ 2019; 5:106-111. [PMID: 31620656 PMCID: PMC6785943 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_41_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress in stem cell research demonstrates stem cells' potential for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Stem cells have proliferative/differentiative properties and produce a variety of paracrine factors that can potentially be used to regenerate nervous tissue. Previous studies have shown the positive regenerative effects of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and thus, they may be used as a tool for regeneration. A study by Di Santo et al. explored whether EPC-derived conditioned medium (EPC-CM) promotes the survival of cultured striatal progenitor cells and attempted to find the paracrine factors and signaling pathways involved with EPC-CM's effects. The neuronal progenitor cells that were cultured with EPC-CM had much higher densities of GABA-immunoreactive (GABA-ir) neurons. It was shown that phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK signaling pathways are involved in the proliferation of GABAergic neurons, as inhibition of these pathways decreased GABAergic densities. In addition, the results suggest that paracrine factors from EPC, both proteinaceous and lipidic, significantly elevated the viability and/or differentiation in the cultures. Importantly, it was found that EPC-CM provided neuroprotection against toxins from 3-nitropropionic acid. In sum, EPC-CM engendered proliferation and regeneration of the cultured striatal cells through paracrine factors and imparted neuroprotection. Furthermore, the effects of EPC-CM may generate a cell-free therapeutic strategy to address neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Sadanandan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, College of Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Stefano Di Santo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter and Regenerative Neuroscience Cluster, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hans Rudolf Widmer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter and Regenerative Neuroscience Cluster, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Santo SD, Seiler S, Andres R, Widmer HR. Endothelial Progenitor Cells Conditioned Medium Supports Number of GABAergic Neurons and Exerts Neuroprotection in Cultured Striatal Neuronal Progenitor Cells. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:367-378. [PMID: 31017468 PMCID: PMC6628568 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719835192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that stem and progenitor cells exert regenerative actions by means of paracrine factors. In line with these notions, we recently demonstrated that endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-derived conditioned medium (EPC-CM) substantially increased viability of brain microvascular cells. In the present study, we aimed at investigating whether EPC-CM supports cell survival of cultured striatal progenitor cells. For that purpose, primary cultures from fetal rat embryonic (E14) ganglionic eminence were prepared and grown for 7 days in vitro (DIV). EPC-CM was administered from DIV5–7. Treatment of the striatal cultures with EPC-CM resulted in significantly increased densities of GABA-immunoreactive (-ir) neurons. Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, but not of the ROCK pathway, significantly attenuated the EPC-CM induced increase in GABA-ir cell densities. Similar results were observed when EPC-CM was subjected to proteolytic digestion and lipid extraction. Furthermore, inhibition of translation abolished the EPC-CM induced effects. Importantly, EPC-CM displayed neuroprotection against 3-nitropropionic acid induced toxicity. These findings demonstrate that EPC-derived paracrine factors substantially promote survival and/or differentiation of cultured striatal progenitor cells involving both proteinaceous factors and lipidic factors. In sum, EPC-CM constituents might lead to a novel cell-free therapeutic strategy to challenge neuronal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Di Santo
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Bern University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Seiler
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Bern University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - Robert Andres
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Bern University Hospital, Switzerland
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Montgomery R, Paterson A, Williamson C, Florida-James G, Ross MD. Blood Flow Restriction Exercise Attenuates the Exercise-Induced Endothelial Progenitor Cell Response in Healthy, Young Men. Front Physiol 2019; 10:447. [PMID: 31057427 PMCID: PMC6478759 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a vasculogenic subset of progenitors, which play a key role in maintenance of endothelial integrity. These cells are exercise-responsive, and thus exercise may play a key role in vascular repair and maintenance via mobilization of such cells. Blood flow restriction exercise, due to the augmentation of local tissue hypoxia, may promote exercise-induced EPC mobilization. Nine, healthy, young (18–30 years) males participated in the study. Participants undertook 2 trials of single leg knee extensor (KE) exercise, at 60% of thigh occlusion pressure (4 sets at 30% maximal torque) (blood flow restriction; BFR) or non- blood flow restriction (non-BFR), in a fasted state. Blood was taken prior, immediately after, and 30 min after exercise. Blood was used for the quantification of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs: CD34+CD45dim), EPCs (CD34+VEGFR2+/CD34+CD45dimVEGFR2+) by flow cytometry. Our results show that unilateral KE exercise did not affect circulating HPC levels (p = 0.856), but did result in increases in both CD34+VEGFR2+ and CD34+CD45dimVEGFR2+ EPCs, but only in the non-BFR trial (CD34+VEGFR2+: 269 ± 42 cells mL-1 to 573 ± 90 cells mL-1, pre- to immediately post-exercise, p = 0.008; CD34+CD45dimVEGFR2+: 129 ± 21 cells mL-1 to 313 ± 103 cells mL-1, pre- to 30 min post-exercise, p = 0.010). In conclusion, low load BFR exercise did not result in significant circulating changes in EPCs in the post-exercise recovery period and may impair exercise-induced EPC mobilization compared to non-BFR exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Montgomery
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Allan Paterson
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Williamson
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mark Daniel Ross
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Aboutaleb N, Faezi M, Nasseri Maleki S, Nazarinia D, Razavi Tousi SMT, Hashemirad N. Conditioned medium obtained from mesenchymal stem cells attenuates focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury through activation of ERK1/ERK2-BDNF signaling pathway. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 97:87-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Otto M, Blatt S, Pabst A, Mandic R, Schwarz J, Neff A, Ziebart T. Influence of buffy coat-derived putative endothelial progenitor cells on tumor growth and neovascularization in oral squamous cell carcinoma xenografts. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 23:3767-3775. [PMID: 30693401 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02806-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this murine in vivo study was to investigate whether buffy coat-derived putative endothelial progenitor cells (BCEPC) alter tumor growth and neovascularization in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A murine xenograft model using the PCI-13 oral cancer cell line was deployed of which n = 24 animals received 2 × 106 BCEPC by transfusion whereas the control group (n = 24) received NaCl (0.9%) instead. Tumor size, volume, and capillary density were determined by sonography and measurement with a caliper. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out with antibodies specific for Cytokeratins, Flt-4, Podoplanin, and Vimentin. RESULTS In the experimental group, systemic application of BCEPC significantly increased tumor volume to 362.49% (p = 0.0012) and weight to 352.38% (p = 0.0018) as well as vascular densities to 162.15% (p = 0.0021) compared with control tumors. In addition, BCEPC-treated xenografts exhibited higher Cytokeratin expression levels by a factor of 1.47 (p = 0.0417), Podoplanin by a factor of 3.3 (p = 0.0020) and Vimentin by a factor of 2.5 (p = 0.0001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Immunohistochemical investigations support the notion that BCEPC transfusion influences neovascularization and lymphatic vessel density, thereby possibly promoting tumor progression. Future studies, which will include gene expression analysis, should help to define the possible role of BCEPC during OSCC progression in more detail. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) could serve as a target structure for the treatment of OSCC and possibly other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Otto
- Interdisciplinary Head & Neck Oncology Laboratory, Department for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, D-35033, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Blatt
- Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Pabst
- Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal Armed Forces Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Robert Mandic
- Interdisciplinary Head & Neck Oncology Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Schwarz
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Research Group for Bioinformatics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Neff
- Interdisciplinary Head & Neck Oncology Laboratory, Department for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, D-35033, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Ziebart
- Interdisciplinary Head & Neck Oncology Laboratory, Department for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, D-35033, Marburg, Germany.
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