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Safy RK, Ragab MH, Abdel-Maksoud HB. Histopathological Evaluation of Human Placental Extract as a Direct Pulp-Capping Material in Dogs' Teeth. Eur J Dent 2024. [PMID: 38942055 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current research aimed to evaluate the histopathological pulpal alterations in dogs' teeth following direct pulp capping using either mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) or human placenta extract (HPE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight incisors with mature apices from four dogs were involved. The teeth were randomly allocated to three groups (n = 16) based on the material utilized for direct pulp capping: MTA, HPE, and Teflon as the negative control group. All involved teeth were capped and restored at the same session. Each group was subsequently divided into two subgroups (n = 8) based on the post treatment evaluation period: 2 and 4 weeks. The histopathologic changes in each specimen's pulp tissues, including pulp inflammation, hyperemia, necrosis, and dentin bridge development, were assessed. Then, all the data were statistically analyzed using chi-square, t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (p < 0.05). RESULTS At 2 weeks, chronic inflammation was observed in 100% of MTA and 50% of HPE subgroups with a significant difference between them whereas the remaining 50% exhibited no inflammation. In contrast to Teflon that showed acute inflammation, remission of inflammation was time-dependent at both MTA and HPE subgroups as there was a substantial difference between the 2- and 4-weeks evaluation periods within the same group. However, throughout the initially observed 2 weeks, all subgroups exhibited essentially no complete calcified bridge; at 4 weeks, all MTA and HPE subgroups developed dentin bridge formation, with a significant difference between them regarding its thickness. CONCLUSION HPE is a promising pulp-capping material inducing less intense chronic inflammation accompanied with thicker dentine bridge formation in comparison to MTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab Khalil Safy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Mai Hamdy Ragab
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt
- King Salman International University, Eltor, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Heba Bahgat Abdel-Maksoud
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt
- Restorative Dentistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Bahammam LA, Alsharqawi W, Bahammam HA, Mounir M. Histological Evaluation of Pulpal Response and Dentin Bridge Formation After Direct Pulp Capping Using Recombinant Amelogenin and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). Cureus 2024; 16:e54560. [PMID: 38516479 PMCID: PMC10957103 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to compare and histologically investigate pulpal response and dentin bridge formation after direct pulp capping using recombinant amelogenin and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Recombinant amelogenin protein and MTA were used as pulp capping materials in 120 teeth from eight mongrel dogs. Dogs were sacrificed at two different evaluation times. Regenerative changes were evaluated histologically. At two weeks, in contrast to the MTA group, most of the amelogenin group showed moderately formed hard tissue formation and the pulp tissue was completely filling the entire pulp chamber. These results were statistically significant. At two months, all the samples of the amelogenin group showed complete dentin bridge formation and the pulp chamber was filled entirely with tissue-mimicking the authentic pulp in all the specimens of the amelogenin group. These results were statistically significant. In conclusion, direct pulp capping by recombinant amelogenin protein resulted in significantly better regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex than MTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila A Bahammam
- Department of Endodontics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Hammam A Bahammam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Maha Mounir
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
- Department of Oral Biology, Future University, Cairo, EGY
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Tran ATL, Sukajintanakarn C, Senawongse P, Sritanaudomchai H, Ruangsawasdi N, Lapthanasupkul P, Kitkumthorn N, Monmaturapoj N, Khamsut C, Naruphontjirakul P, Pongprueksa P. Influence of Lithium- and Zinc-Containing Bioactive Glasses on Pulpal Regeneration. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:1120-1128. [PMID: 36812931 PMCID: PMC10756789 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential of modified bioactive glasses containing lithium and zinc as pulp capping materials by investigating the odontogenic differentiation and mineralization response in the tooth culture model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lithium- and zinc-containing bioactive glasses (45S5.1Li, 45S5.5Li, 45S5.1Zn, 45S5.5Zn, 45S5.1Zn sol-gel, and 45S5.5Zn sol-gel), fibrinogen-thrombin, and biodentine were prepared to assess Axin2 gene expression at 0, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 12 hours, and 1 day and DSPP gene expression at 0, 3, 7, and 14 days in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) using qRT-PCR. The experimental bioactive glasses incorporated with fibrinogen-thrombin and biodentine were placed on the pulpal tissue in the tooth culture model. Histology and immunohistochemistry were analyzed at 2 weeks and 4 weeks. RESULTS Axin2 gene expression for all experimental groups was significantly higher than the control at 12 hours. The DSPP gene expression for all experimental groups was significantly higher than the control at 14 days. The presence of mineralization foci was significantly higher at 4 weeks for the modified bioactive glasses 45S5.5Zn, 45S5.1Zn sol-gel, and 45S5.5Zn sol-gel as well as Biodentine compared with the fibrinogen-thrombin control. CONCLUSION Lithium- and zinc-containing bioactive glasses increased Axin2 and DSPP gene expression in SHEDs and can potentially enhance pulp mineralization and regeneration. Zinc-containing bioactive glasses are a promising candidate to be used as pulp capping materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Thi Loc Tran
- Dental Biomaterials Science Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Charnsak Sukajintanakarn
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pisol Senawongse
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Nisarat Ruangsawasdi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Puangwan Lapthanasupkul
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naruporn Monmaturapoj
- Assistive Technology and Medical Devices Research Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Chutikarn Khamsut
- Assistive Technology and Medical Devices Research Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Parichart Naruphontjirakul
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pong Pongprueksa
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Chung M, Lee S, Kim S, Kim E. Inflammatory response and odontogenic differentiation of inflamed dental pulp treated with different pulp capping materials: An in vivo study. Int Endod J 2023; 56:1118-1128. [PMID: 37350351 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM Previous studies have evaluated the pulpal responses to calcium silicate cements (CSCs) on normal dental pulp, but investigations on the effects of CSCs on inflamed pulp are limited. This study aimed to test the inflammatory response and odontogenic differentiation of inflamed rat dental pulp after direct pulp capping with CSCs. METHODOLOGY Wistar rat molars pulps were exposed for 48 h to induce inflammation and then capped with ProRoot MTA (Dentsply), Biodentine (Septodont), RetroMTA (Bio MTA) and Dycal (Dentsply Caulk). The degree of pulpal inflammation and hard tissue formation was evaluated by histological analysis. Immunofluorescence staining for interleukin (IL)-6, osteocalcin (OCN) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) was also performed. RESULTS After 4 weeks, complete recovery from inflammation was evident in 22%, 37.5%, 10% and none of the ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, RetroMTA and Dycal samples, respectively. Heavy hard tissue deposition as a continuous hard tissue bridge was observed in 77.8%, 75%, 70% and 60% of the ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, RetroMTA and Dycal samples, respectively. IL-6, OCN and RUNX2 were detected in all materials, mainly adjacent to areas of inflammation and reparative dentine formation. At one, two and 4 weeks, significant differences were not observed between the inflammation and hard tissue formation scores of the four material groups (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS In this study, pulpal inflammation was still present in most specimens at 4 weeks after pulp capping and a significant number of samples showed incomplete and discontinuous dentine bridge formation. The results of this study suggest that initial inflammatory conditions of the pulp may risk the prognosis of teeth treated with CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chung
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Microscope Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Lee
- Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Microscope Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - E Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Microscope Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
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5
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Nabil Sulyiman S, El-Rashidy AA, El Moshy S, Abbas MMS, Waly G. Nano eggshell-based slurry as a direct pulp-capping material: In vitro characterization and histopathological assessment in an experimental animal model. Int Endod J 2023; 56:1129-1146. [PMID: 37358385 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM Pulp vitality is essential for tooth integrity. Following pulp exposure, choosing a suitable pulp-capping material is crucial to maintain pulp vitality. However, the reparative dentine bridge created by calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 ) is generally porous and incomplete. The aim of the current study is to assess the in vitro and in vivo bioactivities of nano eggshell-based slurry (NES), using NES as a direct pulp-capping material, compared with Ca(OH)2 in rabbit animal model. METHODOLOGY Nano eggshell powder (NE) was characterized for particle morphology, chemical composition and ion release. In vitro bioactivity was tested by immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 days. For histopathological evaluation, 36 adult New Zealand rabbits (72 pulp exposures) were divided into nine groups (n = 8) according to the pulp-capping material (NES, Ca(OH)2 and no capping as negative control group) and the animals were sacrificed after 7, 14 or 28 days. The pulps of the two lower central incisors were exposed and then directly capped by Ca(OH)2 or NES or left untreated. The cavities were then sealed with glass ionomer cement. Teeth were collected for histopathological evaluation using an optical microscope. Pulp haemorrhage, inflammation, fibrosis and calcific bridge formation were assessed. Results were statistically analysed using anova and Tukey's tests. RESULTS Nano eggshell particles were spherical with a 20 nm diameter and were composed mainly of calcite. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant increase in the release of all investigated ions between days 1 and 28, except for copper. NES group showed a significantly higher release of all elements as compared to Ca(OH)2 . Environmental scanning electron microscope micrographs of NES incubated for 7 days in SBF showed the formation of HAp with a Ca/P ratio (1.686). For histopathological evaluation, the difference between groups was statistically significant. At day 28, 75% of the pulps of the Ca(OH)2 group showed mild calcific bridge in comparison with 100% moderate calcific bridge in the NES group. The NES group showed significantly less inflammation at days 7 and 28, and higher fibrosis at day 7 compared with Ca(OH)2 . CONCLUSIONS Nano eggshell-based slurry represents a promising novel direct pulp-capping material with favourable pulp tissue response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aiah A El-Rashidy
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo university, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara El Moshy
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo university, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa M S Abbas
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo university, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gihan Waly
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo university, Cairo, Egypt
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6
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Yang D, Solidum JGN, Park D. Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Current in vivo Approaches to Study Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Pulp Injury and Regeneration. J Bone Metab 2023; 30:231-244. [PMID: 37718901 PMCID: PMC10509030 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2023.30.3.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have garnered significant interest in dental research for their unique characteristics and potential in tooth development and regeneration. While there were many studies to define their stem cell-like characteristics and osteogenic differentiation functions that are considered ideal candidates for regenerating damaged dental pulp tissue, how endogenous DPSCs respond to dental pulp injury and supply new dentin-forming cells has not been extensively investigated in vivo. Here, we review the recent progress in identity, function, and regulation of endogenous DPSCs and their clinical potential for pulp injury and regeneration. In addition, we discuss current advances in new mouse models, imaging techniques, and its practical uses and limitations in the analysis of DPSCs in pulp injury and regeneration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwook Yang
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
- Center for Skeletal Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
| | - Jea Giezl Niedo Solidum
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila,
Philippines
| | - Dongsu Park
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
- Center for Skeletal Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
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7
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Xu R, Zhou Z, Lin D, Yuan L, Wang S, Xu M, Chen Y, Hu X. Enhancing effects of immobilized chondroitin sulfate on odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells and reparative dentin formation. J Endod 2023:S0099-2399(23)00240-6. [PMID: 37150292 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a major proteoglycan involved in the mineralization of the organic matrix of dentin. In this study, the roles of CS immobilized in crosslinked collagen I hydrogels (CS-Col I) on odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and reparative dentin formation were investigated. METHODS Different concentrations of CS were incorporated into the genipin- crosslinked Col I hydrogels (CS-0.05, CS-0.1, and CS-0.2 respectively). The influences of CS on proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs were investigated. Finally, the effect of the functionalized hydrogel on the formation of reparative dentin was analyzed in a rat pulp capping model in vivo. RESULTS CS improved the proliferation of DPSCs seeded on the hydrogels (p<0.05). CS also enhanced the mineralization activities and increased the expression levels of the odontogenic related proteins of DPSCs on day 7 and day 14 (p<0.05). In vivo, CS-0.1 hydrogel induced reparative dentin formation with higher quality compared to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). CONCLUSION CS immobilized in Col I hydrogels could induce odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs in vitro and promote homogeneous mineralized barrier formation in vivo. CS-Col I hydrogel has the potential for reparative dentin formation of high quality in direct pulp capping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoman Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key, Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Ziyu Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key, Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Danle Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key, Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Lingling Yuan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key, Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Siyu Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key, Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Meng Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key, Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Yanan Chen
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key, Laboratory of Stomatology.
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Cunha D, Souza N, Moreira M, Rodrigues N, Silva P, Franca C, Horsophonphong S, Sercia A, Subbiah R, Tahayeri A, Ferracane J, Yelick P, Saboia V, Bertassoni L. 3D-printed microgels supplemented with dentin matrix molecules as a novel biomaterial for direct pulp capping. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:1215-1225. [PMID: 36287273 PMCID: PMC10171721 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04735-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop a 3D-printed, microparticulate hydrogel supplemented with dentin matrix molecules (DMM) as a novel regenerative strategy for dental pulp capping. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gelatin methacryloyl microgels (7% w/v) mixed with varying concentrations of DMM were printed using a digital light projection 3D printer and lyophilized for 2 days. The release profile of the DMM-loaded microgels was measured using a bicinchoninic acid assay. Next, dental pulp exposure defects were created in maxillary first molars of Wistar rats. The exposures were randomly capped with (1) inert material - negative control, (2) microgels, (3) microgels + DMM 500 µg/ml, (4) microgels + DMM 1000 µg/ml, (5) microgels + platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF 10 ng/ml), or (6) MTA (n = 15/group). After 4 weeks, animals were euthanized, and treated molars were harvested and then processed to evaluate hard tissue deposition, pulp tissue organization, and blood vessel density. RESULTS All the specimens from groups treated with microgel + 500 µg/ml, microgel + 1000 µg/ml, microgel + PDGF, and MTA showed the formation of organized pulp tissue, tertiary dentin, newly formed tubular and atubular dentin, and new blood vessel formation. Dentin bridge formation was greater and pulp necrosis was less in the microgel + DMM groups compared to MTA. CONCLUSIONS The 3D-printed photocurable microgels doped with DMM exhibited favorable cellular and inflammatory pulp responses, and significantly more tertiary dentin deposition. CLINICAL RELEVANCE 3D-printed microgel with DMM is a promising biomaterial for dentin and dental pulp regeneration in pulp capping procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Cunha
- Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Nayara Souza
- Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Manuela Moreira
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Nara Rodrigues
- School of Dentistry, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Paulo Silva
- School of Dentistry, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Franca
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sivaporn Horsophonphong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Ashley Sercia
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ramesh Subbiah
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anthony Tahayeri
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jack Ferracane
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Pamela Yelick
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Medicine, School of Engineering, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Vicente Saboia
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Luiz Bertassoni
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA.
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Tian J, Wu Z, Wang Y, Han C, Zhou Z, Guo D, Lin Y, Ye Z, Fu J. Multifunctional dental resin composite with antibacterial and remineralization properties containing nMgO-BAG. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 141:105783. [PMID: 36996527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
The inherent characteristics of resin composite can lead to micro-leakage after polymerization shrinkage. The bacteria invasion through edge micro-leakage and attachment onto the material surface can cause secondary caries, reducing the service life of resin composites. In this study, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (nMgO) as an inorganic antimicrobial agent and bioactive glass (BAG) as a remineralization agent were simultaneously incorporated into the resin composite. With the addition of both nMgO and BAG, the resin composite showed an excellent antimicrobial effect compared to the resin composite with nMgO or BAG only. The remineralization capacity of demineralized dentin increased with the increasing content of BAG. Vickers hardness, compressive strength, and flexural strength of the resin composite with nMgO-BAG were not significantly affected compared to the ones with the same total filler amount but with BAG only. The depth of cure and water sorption values of the resin composite showed an increasing trend with the increasing total amount of nMgO and BAG fillers. This developed multifunctional resin composite is expected to reduce bacterial invasion and promote remineralization of early caries damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunhua Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zixuan Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Di Guo
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yifan Lin
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhou Ye
- Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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10
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Guneser MB, Ozturk TY, Sahin AND, Uysal BA, Eldeniz AU. Effect of nanosized bioactive glass addition on some physical properties of biodentine. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2023; 21:22808000231184059. [PMID: 37680087 DOI: 10.1177/22808000231184059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate some physical properties of Biodentine (BD) (Septodont, France) that has been modified by adding nanosized bioactive glass (nBG) particles to it in different ratios. The cement was modified by adding 1% (7 mg) and 2% (14 mg) nBG powder to BD. BD was used as the control group in its commercial form. A total of 240 cement samples (n = 80) were prepared according to the standard measurements for each test. Subsequently, tests to determine compressive strength, microhardness, initial setting time, and solubility of the samples were performed. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HDS tests, and the significance level was found to be 0.05. The compressive strength values of the samples modified with 1% and 2% nBG were higher than those of the unmodified BD; however, no statistically significant difference was found between them [BD + nBG (2 wt%) ⩾ BD+nBG (1 wt%) ⩾ control BD], (p > 0.05). The microhardness values of the samples modified with 1% and 2% nBG were found to be significantly higher than those of the control group [BD + nBG (2 wt%) > BD+nBG (1 wt%) > control BD], p < 0.05. Initial setting times were determined as 14 min for unmodified BD, 13 min for BD + nBG (1 wt%), and 12 min for BD + nBG (2 wt%). The addition of nBG to BD significantly reduced the initial setting time of BD (p < 0.05). A significant decrease was observed in the solubility of the BD modified with nBG samples compared to that of the control group [control BD > BD+nBG (1 wt%) >BD+nBG (2 wt%)], p < 0.05. Within the limitations of this study, it was found that the addition of certain amounts of nBG to BD positively affected some physical properties of the cement. Future in vitro and in vivo studies should be performed to prove the clinical applicability of the cements used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Burak Guneser
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Betul Aycan Uysal
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayce Unverdi Eldeniz
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Kumar N, Maher N, Amin F, Ghabbani H, Zafar MS, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ, Oñate-Sánchez RE. Biomimetic Approaches in Clinical Endodontics. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7040229. [PMID: 36546929 PMCID: PMC9775094 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7040229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, biomimetic concepts have been widely adopted in various biomedical fields, including clinical dentistry. Endodontics is an important sub-branch of dentistry which deals with the different conditions of pulp to prevent tooth loss. Traditionally, common procedures, namely pulp capping, root canal treatment, apexification, and apexigonesis, have been considered for the treatment of different pulp conditions using selected materials. However, clinically to regenerate dental pulp, tissue engineering has been advocated as a feasible approach. Currently, new trends are emerging in terms of regenerative endodontics which have led to the replacement of diseased and non-vital teeth into the functional and healthy dentine-pulp complex. Root- canal therapy is the standard management option when dental pulp is damaged irreversibly. This treatment modality involves soft-tissue removal and then filling that gap through the obturation technique with a synthetic material. The formation of tubular dentine and pulp-like tissue formation occurs when stem cells are transplanted into the root canal with an appropriate scaffold material. To sum up tissue engineering approach includes three components: (1) scaffold, (2) differentiation, growth, and factors, and (3) the recruitment of stem cells within the pulp or from the periapical region. The aim of this paper is to thoroughly review and discuss various pulp-regenerative approaches and materials used in regenerative endodontics which may highlight the current trends and future research prospects in this particular area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Kumar
- Department of Science of Dental Materials, Dr. Ishrat Ul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-333-2818500
| | - Nazrah Maher
- Department of Science of Dental Materials, Dr. Ishrat Ul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Amin
- Department of Science of Dental Materials, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Hani Ghabbani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | | | - Ricardo E. Oñate-Sánchez
- Department of Special Care in Dentistry, Hospital Morales Meseguer, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, 30008 Murcia, Spain
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12
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İnci MA, Korkut E. Is Bioactive Glass an Effective Agent in Pulp-capping Treatments?: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial with One-year Follow-up. J Contemp Dent Pract 2022; 23:1128-1135. [PMID: 37073936 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Indirect pulp-capping treatment is a procedure applied to teeth with deep and close-to-pulp caries lesions and without pulp degeneration symptoms. This study aimed to explore the use of a material containing bioactive glass for indirect pulp capping in primary and permanent teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 145 patients, aged 4-15 years, without any systemic disease and 100 primary second molars and 100 permanent first molars in total. Four material groups were determined: calcium hydroxide (Dycal-DC group), glass ionomer (Biner LC-BC group), calcium silicate (TheraCal LC-TC group), and Bioactive glass-containing ACTIVA BioACTIVE-AC group. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were made 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the treatment. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS During the 12-month follow-up period, the DC and TC groups were more successful clinically (94%), while the DC and AC groups were found to be more successful radiographically (94%). However, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study supported the view that the success of indirect pulp-capping treatments was independent of the material used. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrated that a material containing bioactive glass, ACTIVA BioACTIVE-Base/Liner, can be used safely in indirect pulp-capping processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Abaklı İnci
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey, Phone: +90 5065803056, e-mail:
| | - Emre Korkut
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey, Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6976-3071
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13
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Dentin Sialoprotein/Phosphophoryn (DSP/PP) as Bio-Inductive Materials for Direct Pulp Capping. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173656. [PMID: 36080731 PMCID: PMC9460548 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional direct pulp capping, such as calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) or silicate products, usually induces an inflammatory reaction to provoke pulp regeneration. Phosphophoryn (PP) and dentin sialoprotein (DSP), the two most abundant non-collagenous proteins in the dentin matrix, are responsible for dentin mineralization, pulp cell migration, and differentiation. Here we examined the PP and combined DSP/PP as bio-inductive pulp capping materials by in vitro and in vivo tests. Firstly, the effects of the PP dose on pulp cell migration and matrix protein expression were examined by an agarose bead test. Secondly, the role of recombinant DSP (recDSP) and recDSP/PP on stimulating DSP-PP transcript expression was examined by RT-PCR. DSPP mRNA was also knocked down by RNA interference (RNAi) to examine their functions on dentin matrix mineralization. Finally, we used ferret animal models to test PP and recDSP/PP acting as capping agents on in vivo pulp responses and reparative dentin formation. The result showed that intermediate-dose PP was the most effective to enhance cell migration and differentiation. RecDSP/PP strongly enhanced the DSP-PP transcript expression, while inhibition of DSPP mRNA expression by siRNAs partially or completely affected dental pulp cell mineralization. The in vivo results showed that intermediate-dose PP and recDSP/PP proteins induced less pulp inflammation and promoted reparative dentin formation. Contrarily, conventional calcium hydroxide induced severe pulp inflammation. With these findings, DSP and PP could serve as capping agents for pulp capping therapy.
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14
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Papic M, Zivanovic S, Vucicevic T, Papic MV, Zdravkovic D, Milivojevic N, Virijevic K, Zivanovic M, Mircic A, Ljujic B, Lukic ML, Popovic M. Pulpal expression of erythropoietin and erythropoietin receptor after direct pulp capping in rat. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12888. [PMID: 35917324 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of direct pulp capping on the expression of erythropoietin (Epo) and Epo-receptor (Epor) genes in relation to the expression of inflammatory and osteogenic genes in rat pulp. Dental pulps of the first maxillary molars of Wistar Albino rats were exposed and capped with either calcium hydroxide or mineral trioxide aggregate, or were left untreated. After 4 wk, animals were euthanized, and maxillae were prepared for histological and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Histological scores of pulp inflammation and mineralization, and relative expressions of Epo, Epor, inflammatory cytokines, and pulp osteogenic genes were evaluated. The capped pulps showed higher expressions of Epo, while the untreated pulps had the highest expression of Epor. Both calcium hydroxide and mineral trioxide aggregate downregulated the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha compared to untreated controls, and upregulated transforming growth factor beta compared to healthy controls. Alkaline phosphatase expression was significantly higher in experimental groups. Relative expression of Epo negatively correlated with pulp inflammation, and positively correlated with pulp mineralization. Pulp exposure promoted expression of Epor and pro-inflammatory cytokines, while pulp capping promoted expression of Epo, alkaline phosphatase, and downregulated Epor and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Papic
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Suzana Zivanovic
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Tamara Vucicevic
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Mirjana V Papic
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dejan Zdravkovic
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nevena Milivojevic
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina Virijevic
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marko Zivanovic
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Mircic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Ljujic
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Miodrag L Lukic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milica Popovic
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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15
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Jafari N, Habashi MS, Hashemi A, Shirazi R, Tanideh N, Tamadon A. Application of bioactive glasses in various dental fields. Biomater Res 2022; 26:31. [PMID: 35794665 PMCID: PMC9258189 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBioactive glasses are a group of bioceramic materials that have extensive clinical applications. Their properties such as high biocompatibility, antimicrobial features, and bioactivity in the internal environment of the body have made them useful biomaterials in various fields of medicine and dentistry. There is a great variation in the main composition of these glasses and some of them whose medical usage has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are called Bioglass. Bioactive glasses have appropriate biocompatibility with the body and they are similar to bone hydroxyapatite in terms of calcium and phosphate contents. Bioactive glasses are applied in different branches of dentistry like periodontics, orthodontics, endodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, esthetic and restorative dentistry. Also, some dental and oral care products have bioactive glasses in their compositions. Bioactive glasses have been used as dental implants in the human body in order to repair and replace damaged bones. Other applications of bioactive glasses in dentistry include their usage in periodontal disease, root canal treatments, maxillofacial surgeries, dental restorations, air abrasions, dental adhesives, enamel remineralization, and dentin hypersensitivity. Since the use of bioactive glasses in dentistry is widespread, there is a need to find methods and extensive resources to supply the required bioactive glasses. Various techniques have been identified for the production of bioactive glasses, and marine sponges have recently been considered as a rich source of it. Marine sponges are widely available and many species have been identified around the world, including the Persian Gulf. Marine sponges, as the simplest group of animals, produce different bioactive compounds that are used in a wide range of medical sciences. Numerous studies have shown the anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and antibiotic effects of these compounds. Furthermore, some species of marine sponges due to the mineral contents of their structural skeletons, which are made of biosilica, have been used for extracting bioactive glasses.
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16
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Zhu L, Li J, Dong Y. Effect of mesoporous bioactive glass on odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12421. [PMID: 34900414 PMCID: PMC8621711 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy pulp tissue plays an important role in normal function and long-term retention of teeth. Mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) as a kind of regenerative biomaterials shows the potential in preserving the vital pulp. In this study, MBG prepared by organic template method combined with sol-gel method were used in human dental pulp cell culture and ectopic mineralization experiment. Real-Time PCR was used to explore its ability to induce odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp cells. MBG and rat crowns were implanted under the skin of nude mice for 4 weeks to observe the formation of pulp dentin complex. We found that MBG can release Si and Ca ions and has a strong mineralization activity in vitro. The co-culture of MBG with human dental pulp cells promoted the expression of DMP-1 (dentin matrix protein-1) and ALP (alkalinephosphatase) without affecting cell proliferation. After 4 weeks of subcutaneous implantation in nude mice, the formation of hard tissue with regular structure under the material could be seen, and the structure was similar to dentin tubules. These results indicate that MBG can induce the differentiation of dental pulp cells and the formation of dental pulp-dentin complex and has the potential to promote the repair and regeneration of dental pulp injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmei Dong
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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17
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Kim J, Kim HJ, Chang SW, Oh S, Kim SY, Choi KK, Kim DS, Jang JH. Effect of bioactive glass addition on the physical properties of mineral trioxide aggregate. Biomater Res 2021; 25:39. [PMID: 34819173 PMCID: PMC8611879 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-021-00238-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The addition of bioactive glass (BG), a highly bioactive material with remineralization potential, might improve the drawback of weakening property of mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) when it encounters with body fluid. This study aims to evaluate the effect of BG addition on physical properties of MTA. Methods ProRoot (MTA), and MTA with various concentrations of BG (1, 2, 5 and 10% BG/MTA) were prepared. Simulated body fluid (SBF) was used to investigate the effect of the storage solution on dentin remineralization. Prepared specimens were examined as following; the push-out bond strength to dentin, compressive strength, setting time solubility and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Results The 2% BG/MTA showed higher push-out bond strengths than control group after 7 days of SBF storage. The 2% BG/MTA exhibited the highest compressive strength. Setting times were reduced in the 1 and 2% BG/MTA groups, and solubility of all experimental groups were clinically acceptable. In all groups, precipitates were observed in dentinal tubules via SEM. XRD showed the increased hydroxyapatite peaks in the 2, 5 and 10% BG/MTA groups. Conclusion It was verified that the BG-added MTA increased dentin push-out bond strength and compressive strength under SBF storage. The addition of BG did not negatively affect the MTA maturation reaction; it increased the amount of hydroxyapatite during SBF maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jei Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok Woo Chang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Soram Oh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Kyu Choi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Duck-Su Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Jang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Effectiveness of Direct Pulp Capping Bioactive Materials in Dentin Regeneration: A Systematic Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226811. [PMID: 34832214 PMCID: PMC8621741 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Regenerative endodontics aims to restore normal pulp function in necrotic and infected teeth, restoring protective functions, such as innate pulp immunity, pulp repair through mineralization, and pulp sensibility. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the dentin regeneration efficacy of direct pulp capping (DPC) biomaterials. Methods: The literature published between 2005 and 2021 was searched by using PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. Clinical controlled trials, randomized controlled trials, and animal studies investigating DPC outcomes or comparing different capping materials after pulp exposure were included in this systematic review. Three independent authors performed the searches, and information was extracted by using a structured data format. Results: A total of forty studies (21 from humans and 19 from animals) were included in this systemic review. Histological examinations showed complete/partial/incomplete dentin bridge/reparative dentin formation during the pulp healing process at different follow-up periods, using different capping materials. Conclusions: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine can induce dentin regeneration when applied over exposed pulp. This systematic review can conclude that MTA and its variants have better efficacy in the DPC procedure for dentin regeneration.
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19
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Toida Y, Kawano S, Islam R, Jiale F, Chowdhury AA, Hoshika S, Shimada Y, Tagami J, Yoshiyama M, Inoue S, Carvalho RM, Yoshida Y, Sano H. Pulpal response to mineral trioxide aggregate containing phosphorylated pullulan-based capping material. Dent Mater J 2021; 41:126-133. [PMID: 34602588 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2021-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the pulpal responses of monkey's pulp after direct pulp capping (DPC) with the novel mineral trioxide aggregate containing phosphorylated pullulan-based material (MTAPPL). Seventy-two teeth were randomly divided into four groups: MTAPPL; Nex-Cem MTA (NX); TheraCal LC (TH); and Dycal (DY). Histopathological changes in the pulps were observed at days 3, 7 and 70. On day 3, mild inflammatory responses were observed in the MTAPPL, no to moderate inflammatory responses in the TH, whereas moderate inflammatory responses in the NX and DY. No mineralized tissue formation (MTF) was observed in all groups. On day 7, no or mild inflammatory responses were observed in all groups. Initial MTF was observed except for DY. No inflammation with complete MTF including presence of odontoblast-like cells was observed in the MTAPPL, NX and TH groups at day 70. These findings indicate that MTAPPL could be an efficient DPC material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Toida
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Shimpei Kawano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University.,Sapporo Prison, Sapporo Regional Correction Headquarters, Correction Bureau, Ministry of Justice, Government of Japan
| | - Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Fu Jiale
- Department of Dental Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease
| | - Afm A Chowdhury
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University.,Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sapporo Dental College and Hospital
| | - Shuhei Hoshika
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Field of Study of Biofunctional Recovery and Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Masahiro Yoshiyama
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Field of Study of Biofunctional Recovery and Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Section for Clinical Education, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Ricardo M Carvalho
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Hidehiko Sano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
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20
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Islam R, Toida Y, Chen F, Tanaka T, Inoue S, Kitamura T, Yoshida Y, Chowdhury AFMA, Ahmed HMA, Sano H. Histological evaluation of a novel phosphorylated pullulan-based pulp capping material: An in vivo study on rat molars. Int Endod J 2021; 54:1902-1914. [PMID: 34096634 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the dental pulp response to a novel mineral trioxide aggregate containing phosphorylated pullulan (MTAPPL) in rats after direct pulp capping. METHODS Ninety-six cavities were prepared in the maxillary first molars of 56 male Wistar rats. The dental pulps were intentionally exposed and randomly divided into four groups according to the application of pulp capping materials: MTAPPL; phosphorylated pullulan (PPL); a conventional MTA (Nex-Cem MTA, NCMTA; positive control); and Super-Bond (SB; negative control). All cavities were restored with SB and observed for pulpal responses at 1-, 3-, 7- and 28-day intervals using a histological scoring system. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test with Bonferroni's correction, and the level of significance was set at 0.05. DMP1 and CD34 antigen were used to evaluate odontoblast differentiation and pulpal vascularization, respectively. RESULTS On day 1, mild inflammatory cells were present in MTAPPL and NCMTA groups; fewer inflammatory cells were present in the PPL, whereas SB was associated with a mild-to-moderate inflammatory response. A significant difference was observed between PPL and SB (p < .05). No mineralized tissue deposition was observed. On day 3, moderate-to-severe inflammatory cells were present in PPL and SB, whereas MTAPPL and NCMTA had a mild inflammatory response. Initial mineralized tissue deposition was observed in the NCMTA, MTAPPL and SB. A significant difference was observed between MTAPPL and PPL (p < .05). On day 7, a thin layer of mineralized tissue was observed in all tested groups with no or mild inflammatory response. On day 28, no inflammatory response was observed in MTAPPL, whereas NCMTA, PPL and SB had mild inflammatory responses. A significant difference was observed between MTAPPL and SB (p < .05). Complete mineralized tissue barrier formation was observed in MTAPPL, NCMTA and PPL with no significant difference (p > .05). SB exhibited incomplete mineralized tissue barriers, significantly different from NCMTA, MTAPPL and PPL (p < .05). The staining with CD34 was positive in all the groups on all observation days. CONCLUSION The favourable pulpal responses and induction of mineralized tissue formation associated with MTAPPL indicate its potential application as a direct pulp capping material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yu Toida
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Toru Tanaka
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Section for Clinical Education, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kitamura
- Department of Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Abu Faem Mohammad Almas Chowdhury
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.,Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sapporo Dental College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hidehiko Sano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
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21
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Corral Nunez C, Altamirano Gaete D, Maureira M, Martin J, Covarrubias C. Nanoparticles of Bioactive Glass Enhance Biodentine Bioactivity on Dental Pulp Stem Cells. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14102684. [PMID: 34065440 PMCID: PMC8161258 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity and bioactivity of a novel nanocomposite containing nanoparticles of bioactive glass (nBGs) on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). nBGs were synthesized by the sol–gel method. Biodentine (BD) nanocomposites (nBG/BD) were prepared with 2 and 5% wt of nBG content; unmodified BD and glass ionomer cement were used as references. Cell viability and attachment were evaluated after 3, 7 and 14 days. Odontogenic differentiation was assessed with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity after 7 and 14 days of exposure. Cells successfully adhered and proliferated on nBG/BD nanocomposites, cell viability of nanocomposites was comparable with unmodified BD and higher than GIC. nBG/BD nanocomposites were, particularly, more active to promote odontogenic differentiation, expressed as higher ALP activity of hDPSCs after 7 days of exposure, than neat BD or GIC. This novel nanocomposite biomaterial, nBG/BD, allowed hDPSC attachment and proliferation and increased the expression of ALP, upregulated in mineral-producing cells. These findings open opportunities to use nBG/BD in vital pulp therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Corral Nunez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (D.A.G.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.N.); (C.C.); Tel.: +56-2-9781742 (C.C.N.); +56-2-9785063 (C.C.)
| | - Diego Altamirano Gaete
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (D.A.G.); (J.M.)
| | - Miguel Maureira
- Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile;
| | - Javier Martin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (D.A.G.); (J.M.)
| | - Cristian Covarrubias
- Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile;
- Correspondence: (C.C.N.); (C.C.); Tel.: +56-2-9781742 (C.C.N.); +56-2-9785063 (C.C.)
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22
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Andrei M, Vacaru RP, Coricovac A, Ilinca R, Didilescu AC, Demetrescu I. The Effect of Calcium-Silicate Cements on Reparative Dentinogenesis Following Direct Pulp Capping on Animal Models. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092725. [PMID: 34066444 PMCID: PMC8125639 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp vitality is a desideratum for preserving the health and functionality of the tooth. In certain clinical situations that lead to pulp exposure, bioactive agents are used in direct pulp-capping procedures to stimulate the dentin-pulp complex and activate reparative dentinogenesis. Hydraulic calcium-silicate cements, derived from Portland cement, can induce the formation of a new dentin bridge at the interface between the biomaterial and the dental pulp. Odontoblasts are molecularly activated, and, if necessary, undifferentiated stem cells in the dental pulp can differentiate into odontoblasts. An extensive review of literature was conducted on MedLine/PubMed database to evaluate the histological outcomes of direct pulp capping with hydraulic calcium-silicate cements performed on animal models. Overall, irrespective of their physico-chemical properties and the molecular mechanisms involved in pulp healing, the effects of cements on tertiary dentin formation and pulp vitality preservation were positive. Histological examinations showed different degrees of dental pulp inflammatory response and complete/incomplete dentin bridge formation during the pulp healing process at different follow-up periods. Calcium silicate materials have the ability to induce reparative dentinogenesis when applied over exposed pulps, with different behaviors, as related to the animal model used, pulpal inflammatory responses, and quality of dentin bridges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Andrei
- Division of Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (R.P.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Raluca Paula Vacaru
- Division of Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (R.P.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Anca Coricovac
- Division of Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (R.P.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Radu Ilinca
- Division of Biophysics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Andreea Cristiana Didilescu
- Division of Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (R.P.V.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-722536798
| | - Ioana Demetrescu
- Department of General Chemistry, University Politehnica Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
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23
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Pulpal Response to the Combined Use of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Iloprost for Direct Pulp Capping. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11083702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The present study aims to assess the combined effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and iloprost when used as a pulp capping material on pulpal inflammation and tertiary dentin formation compared with MTA and iloprost alone in rat molar teeth. Methods: Eighty maxillary first molar rat teeth were exposed and capped with iloprost solution, MTA, or MTA mixed with iloprost (MTA-iloprost). The cavities were then filled with resin-modified glass ionomer. The cavity was restored with glass ionomer without the use of pulp capping agent in the control group. The rats were sacrificed after one and four weeks. Block sections of the molar specimens were prepared and subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining for evaluation. Statistical analysis was done using the Kruskal–Wallis test, followed by Dunnett’s test. Results: At week one, the control group showed significantly more severe pulpal inflammatory reactions than the iloprost (p = 0.00), MTA (p = 0.04), and MTA-iloprost (p = 0.00) groups. Hard tissue formation was commonly found in the iloprost, MTA, and MTA-iloprost groups. After four weeks, pulpal tissue degeneration was observed in the control group. Complete hard tissue barriers were found in 50%, 72.7%, and 77.8% of the specimens in iloprost, MTA, and MTA-iloprost groups, respectively, with no significant differences among the experimental groups. The dentinal tubule patterns were mostly regular in the MTA-iloprost group and irregular in the iloprost and MTA groups. Conclusions: The application of iloprost, MTA, and MTA-iloprost as a pulp capping material resulted in similar pulpal responses in the mechanically exposed pulp of rat molars. Therefore, mixing MTA with iloprost might not be clinically significant.
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24
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Nagendrababu V, Kishen A, Murray PE, Nekoofar MH, de Figueiredo JAP, Priya E, Jayaraman J, Pulikkotil SJ, Jakovljevic A, Dummer PMH. PRIASE 2021 guidelines for reporting animal studies in Endodontology: explanation and elaboration. Int Endod J 2021; 54:858-886. [PMID: 33492704 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Laws and ethics require that before conducting human clinical trials, a new material, device or drug may have to undergo testing in animals in order to minimize health risks to humans, unless suitable supporting grandfather data already exist. The Preferred Reporting Items for Animal Studies in Endodontology (PRIASE) 2021 guidelines were developed exclusively for the specialty of Endodontology by integrating and adapting the ARRIVE (Animals in Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments) guidelines and the Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publications (CLIP) principles using a validated consensus-based methodology. Implementation of the PRIASE 2021 guidelines will reduce potential sources of bias and thus improve the quality, accuracy, reproducibility, completeness and transparency of reports describing animal studies in Endodontology. The PRIASE 2021 guidelines consist of a checklist with 11 domains and 43 individual items and a flowchart. The aim of the current document is to provide an explanation for each item in the PRIASE 2021 checklist and flowchart and is supplemented with examples from the literature in order for readers to understand their significance and to provide usage guidance. A link to the PRIASE 2021 explanation and elaboration document and PRIASE 2021 checklist and flowchart is available on the Preferred Reporting Items for study Designs in Endodontology (PRIDE) website (http://pride-endodonticguidelines.org/priase/).
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nagendrababu
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - A Kishen
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P E Murray
- Private Consultant, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - M H Nekoofar
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - E Priya
- Division of Children and Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J Jayaraman
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, University of Texas Health School of Dentistry, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - S J Pulikkotil
- Division of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Jakovljevic
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - P M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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25
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Wang Y, Zhu M, Zhu XX. Functional fillers for dental resin composites. Acta Biomater 2021; 122:50-65. [PMID: 33290913 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dental resin composites (DRCs) are popular materials to repair caries. Although various types of DRCs with different characteristics have been developed, restoration failures still exist. Bulk fracture and secondary caries have been considered as main causes for the failure of composites restoration. To address these problems, various fillers with specific functions have been introduced and studied. Some fillers with specific morphologies such as whisker, fiber, and nanotube, have been used to increase the mechanical properties of DRCs, and other fillers releasing ions such as Ag+, Ca2+, and F-, have been used to inhibit the secondary caries. These functional fillers are helpful to improve the performances and lifespan of DRCs. In this article, we firstly introduce the composition and development of DRCs, then review and discuss the functional fillers classified according to their roles in the DRCs, finally give a summary on the current research and predict the trend of future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - X X Zhu
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
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26
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Elhamouly Y, El Backly RM, Talaat DM, Omar SS, El Tantawi M, Dowidar KML. Tailored 70S30C Bioactive glass induces severe inflammation as pulpotomy agent in primary teeth: an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:3775-3787. [PMID: 33409691 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03707-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared clinical, histologic, and inflammatory outcomes of Biodentine and Bioactive glass (70S30C-BAG) as pulpotomy agents in primary teeth. METHODS A randomised, clinical trial was performed recruiting 70 children, 5-9 years old, having ≥ 1 tooth indicated for vital pulpotomy. Participants were randomised to Biodentine or 70S30C-BAG groups. Clinical evaluation was scheduled at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Additional 16 teeth were extracted after 6 weeks to assess histologic and inflammatory response (IL-8/IL-10 ratio) using ELISA. Fisher exact, Mann Whitney U test, and t test were used to compare clinical, histologic outcomes and IL-8/IL-10 ratio. RESULTS After 3 months, 10 teeth treated with Biodentine were clinically successful, while 9 teeth treated with 70S30C-BAG failed (P < 0.001) necessitating trial termination. Causes of failure were analysed by assessing the pH and ionic release of 70S30C-BAG. Biodentine-treated teeth showed minor inflammation, normal pulp, and hard tissue formation.70S30C-BAG-treated teeth showed severe inflammation, abscesses, root resorption without hard tissue formation. There was a significantly greater percent reduction of IL-8/IL-10 ratio in Biodentine than 70S30C-BAG (mean ± SD = 66.39 ± 18.56 and 40.66 ± 0.86, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Biodentine showed favourable clinical, histologic, and anti-inflammatory outcomes, promoting pulp healing and regeneration. 70S30C-BAG resulted in pulp necrosis-through persistent inflammation-causing clinical failure. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Biodentine is a promising pulpotomy agent in primary teeth; it promoted healing and regeneration of the dentine-pulp complex. In its current form, 70S30C-BAG is not a suitable pulpotomy agent; it induced persistent inflammation, negating the pulp ability to heal and regenerate. TRN: NCT03786302, 12/19/2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Elhamouly
- Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. .,Pediatric and Community Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Rania M El Backly
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dalia M Talaat
- Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samia S Omar
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Karin M L Dowidar
- Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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27
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Song W, Sun W, Chen L, Yuan Z. In vivo Biocompatibility and Bioactivity of Calcium Silicate-Based Bioceramics in Endodontics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:580954. [PMID: 33195142 PMCID: PMC7658386 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.580954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endodontic therapy aims to preserve or repair the activity and function of pulp and periapical tissues. Due to their excellent biological features, a substantial number of calcium silicate-based bioceramics have been introduced into endodontics and simultaneously increased the success rate of endodontic treatment. The present manuscript describes the in vivo biocompatibility and bioactivity of four types of calcium silicate-based bioceramics in endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Song
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenglin Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
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28
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Zhai Y, Yuan X, Zhao Y, Ge L, Wang Y. Potential Application of Human β-Defensin 4 in Dental Pulp Repair. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1077. [PMID: 32973567 PMCID: PMC7472722 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
When pulp tissue is damaged by caries or trauma, vital pulp therapy (VPT) can help preserve the pulp tissue for long-term retention of teeth. However, the choice of pulp capping agent used in VPT is important for the successful preservation of the pulp tissue. Here we investigated the expression and biological function of human β-defensin 4 (HBD4) in dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) and explored its potential as a pulp capping agent. We examined the expression of HBD4 in DPSC in vitro using qPCR and immunofluorescence staining. We also looked at the effect of HBD4 on inflammatory factors in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DPSC, and its effects on mineralizing cell phenotype differentiation, via qPCR and western blot. Finally, we examined the ability of HBD4 to promote the restoration of the pulp-dentin complex in vivo, using male Wistar rats with reversible pulpitis. We found HBD4 was highly expressed in DPSC stimulated by TNF-α and IL-1α. HBD4 down-regulated the expression of inflammatory mediators (i.e., IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) in LPS-stimulated DPSC, and suppressed MAPK activity and the NF-κB pathway. HBD4 also enhanced the differentiation of DPSC into osteoblasts or odontoblasts, potentially by modulating the Notch pathway. Furthermore, HBD4 controlled the degree of pulp inflammation in a rat model of reversible pulpitis and induced the formation of restorative dentin. Together our findings indicate HBD4 may be a useful pulp capping agent for use in VPT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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29
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Karabulut B, Dönmez N, Göret CC, Ataş C, Kuzu Ö. Reactions of Subcutaneous Connective Tissue to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Biodentine®, and a Newly Developed BioACTIVE Base/Liner. SCANNING 2020; 2020:6570159. [PMID: 32518612 PMCID: PMC7254077 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6570159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM There is an increasing interest in the application of BioACTIVE materials to achieve hard tissue formation and maintain pulp vitality. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine® are BioACTIVE materials used for pulp capping. Recently, dental researchers have produced BioACTIVE glass-incorporated light-curable pulp capping material. The study is aimed at evaluating the subcutaneous connective tissue reactions to MTA, Biodentine®, ACTIVA BioACTIVE Base/Liner. These materials were placed in polyethylene tubes and implanted into the dorsal connective tissue of Sprague Dawley rats. The presence of inflammation, predominant cell type, calcification, and thickness of fibrous connective tissue was recorded by histological examination 7, 30, and 60 days after the implantation procedure. Scores were defined as follows: 0 = none or few inflammatory cells, no reaction; 1 = <25 cells, mild reaction; 2 = 25 to 125 cells, moderate reaction; and 3 = ≥125 cells, severe reaction. Fibrous capsule thickness, necrosis, and formation of calcification were recorded. ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett's tests were used for statistically analyses (p < 0.05). RESULTS In terms of oedema, inflammation, fibrous capsule, and necrosis, no significant differences were found in any time period for any material. MTA and Biodentine® showed higher calcification than in the ACTIVA BioACTIVE on day 30, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). After 60 days, while calcification was not seen in the control group, it was observed in the test groups. There was a statistically significant difference between the control and the others. CONCLUSION All materials were well tolerated by the tissues in the 60-day evaluation period. One notable finding is the presence of dystrophic calcification in the connective tissue adjacent to the newly developed BioACTIVE Base/Liner material. Therefore, this new BioACTIVE Base/Liner material may be safely recommended to clinicians as a pulp capping material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barış Karabulut
- Health Sciences University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazmiye Dönmez
- Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceren Canbey Göret
- Health Sciences University Department of Surgical Pathology, Bagcilar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cafer Ataş
- Health Sciences University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Kuzu
- Health Sciences University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul, Turkey
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30
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Skallevold HE, Rokaya D, Khurshid Z, Zafar MS. Bioactive Glass Applications in Dentistry. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5960. [PMID: 31783484 PMCID: PMC6928922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, researchers in the field of biomaterials are focusing on the oral hard and soft tissue engineering with bioactive ingredients by activating body immune cells or different proteins of the body. By doing this natural ground substance, tissue component and long-lasting tissues grow. One of the current biomaterials is known as bioactive glass (BAG). The bioactive properties make BAG applicable to several clinical applications involving the regeneration of hard tissues in medicine and dentistry. In dentistry, its uses include dental restorative materials, mineralizing agents, as a coating material for dental implants, pulp capping, root canal treatment, and air-abrasion, and in medicine it has its applications from orthopedics to soft-tissue restoration. This review aims to provide an overview of promising and current uses of bioactive glasses in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Informetrics Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Prosthodontic and Dental Implantology Department, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
- Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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31
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Effect of Leptin on Odontoblastic Differentiation and Angiogenesis: An In Vivo Study. J Endod 2019; 45:1332-1341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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32
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Almeida LHS, Pilownic KJ, Tarquínio SBC, Felix AC, Pappen FG, Romano AR. Influence of Pregnancy on the Inflammatory Process Following Direct Pulp Capping: a Preliminary Study in Rats. Braz Dent J 2019; 30:22-30. [PMID: 30864642 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201902093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory process following direct pulp capping during pregnancy. This experimental study involved 48 maxillary first molars of female Wistar rats. The procedures were performed in pregnant and non-pregnant animals (n =20 each). Direct pulp capping with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and restoration with a light-cured resin composite was performed in half of exposed pulp specimens. In the other half of specimens, light-cured composite was placed directly on the exposed pulp. In the control groups (n=4 each), no intervention was performed. Animals were euthanized at 3 and 7 days. All sections (three per slide) were viewed under an optical microscope. One previously calibrated pathologist performed descriptive analysis and assigned scores for inflammatory response and tissue organization adjacent to the pulp exposure. The Kappa value for intra-examiner variability was 0.91. At 3 days, in animals treated with MTA, inflammatory infiltrate was absent in non-pregnant animals while mild inflammatory infiltrate was observed in some pregnant animals. The inflammatory response ranged from mild to severe in both groups treated with composite alone. At 7 days, the inflammatory response was more intense in pregnant than in non-pregnant animals treated with MTA; while this difference were not evident in animals treated with composite alone. In conclusion, pregnancy may not influence the inflammatory process following direct pulp capping with light-cured resin composite, which was always harmful to the pulp; while the tissue response after the direct pulp with MTA were more favorable in non-pregnant animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anelize Campello Felix
- Central Vivarium, Faculty of Veterinary, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Regina Romano
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Tziafas D. Characterization of Odontoblast-like Cell Phenotype and Reparative Dentin Formation In Vivo: A Comprehensive Literature Review. J Endod 2019; 45:241-249. [PMID: 30803530 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The primary aim was to explore the criteria used in characterization of reparative cells and mineralized matrices formed after treatment of pulp exposures, and the sequence of relative events. The secondary aim was to evaluate whether the reparative events depend on the experimental model species, age, and therapeutic intervention. METHODS A literature search of databases using different combinations of the key words was undertaken. Data analysis was based only on studies having histological or histochemical assessment of the pulp tissue responses. The search yielded 86 studies, 47 capping material-based and 39 bioactive application-based experiments, which provided data on morphological or functional characterization of the mineralized matrices and the associated cells. RESULTS In 64% of capping material-based and 72% of bioactive application-based experiments, a 2-zone mineralized matrix formation (atubular followed by tubular) was detected, whereas characterization of odontoblastic differentiation is provided in only 25.5% and 46.1% of the studies, respectively. In 93.3% of the studies showing odontoblast-like cells, differentiated cells were in association with tubular mineralized matrix formation. Analyses further showed that cell- and matrix-related outcomes do not depend on experimental model species, age, and therapeutic intervention. CONCLUSIONS The evidence of the reviewed scientific literature is that dental pulp cells secrete a dentin-like matrix of tubular morphology in relation to primitive forms of atubular or osteotypic mineralized matrix. Furthermore, data analysis showed that dental pulp cells express in vivo the odontoblastic phenotype, and secrete matrix in a predentin-like pattern, regardless of the model species, age, and therapeutic intervention used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tziafas
- Hamdan Bin Mohamed College of Dental Medicine, MBR University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE.
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34
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Trongkij P, Sutimuntanakul S, Lapthanasupkul P, Chaimanakarn C, Wong RH, Banomyong D. Pulpal responses after direct pulp capping with two calcium-silicate cements in a rat model. Dent Mater J 2019; 38:584-590. [PMID: 31105162 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2018-225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bioactivity of Bio-MA, a calcium chloride accerelator-containing calcium-silicate cement, as a pulp capping material was evaluated on mechanically exposed rat molar pulp. Sixty maxillary first molars from Wistar rats were mechanically exposed and assigned to two capping materials: Bio-MA or white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA), and three periods: 1, 7, or 30 days. Nine molars were exposed and covered with polytetrafluoroethylene tape, as positive controls. From histological examination, inflammatory cell infiltration and reparative dentin formation were evaluated using grading scores. No significant difference in pulpal responses between the two materials was observed at any period (p>0.05). At 1 day, all experimental groups showed localized mild inflammation. At 7 days, dentin bridge was partially observed at exposure sites with few inflammatory cells. At 30 days, pulp appeared normal with complete tubular dentin bridges. Bio-MA with accerelator was biocompatible similar to WMTA and could be used as a pulp-capping material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panruethai Trongkij
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
| | | | | | - Chitpol Chaimanakarn
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
| | - Rebecca H Wong
- Restorative Section, Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne
| | - Danuchit Banomyong
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
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Washio A, Teshima H, Yokota K, Kitamura C, Tabata Y. Preparation of gelatin hydrogel sponges incorporating bioactive glasses capable for the controlled release of fibroblast growth factor-2. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:49-63. [PMID: 30470163 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2018.1544474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Gelatin hydrogel sponges incorporating bioactive glasses (Gel-BG) were fabricated. We evaluated the characteristics of Gel-BG as scaffolds from the perspective of their mechanical properties and the formation of hydroxyapatite by the incorporation of bioactive glasses (BG). In addition, the Gel-BG degradation and the profile of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) release from the Gel-BG were examined. Every Gel-BG showed an interconnected pore structure with the pore size range of 180-200 µm. The compression modulus of sponges incorporating BG increased. The time profiles of degradation for the 72-h crosslinked gelatin hydrogel sponges incorporating 10 wt% BG (Gel-BG(10)) and 50 wt% BG (Gel-BG(50)) were analogous to that of the 24-h crosslinked gelatin hydrogel sponge without BG (Gel-BG(0)). In measuring the release of FGF-2 from Gel-BG, the Gel-BG(10) and Gel-BG(50) showed almost analogous 100% cumulative release within 28 days in vivo. Additionally, a bioactivity evaluation showed that the presence of gelatin does not affect the in vitro bioactivity of Gel-BG. These sponges showed mechanical and chemical functionality as scaffolds, featuring both the controlled release of FGF-2 and the induction of hydroxyapatite crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Washio
- a Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions , Kyushu Dental University , Kitakyushu , Japan
| | - Hiroki Teshima
- b Research and Development Department , Nippon Shika Yakuhin Co., Ltd , Shimonoseki , Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yokota
- b Research and Development Department , Nippon Shika Yakuhin Co., Ltd , Shimonoseki , Japan
| | - Chiaki Kitamura
- a Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions , Kyushu Dental University , Kitakyushu , Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- c Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering , Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
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Kim DH, Jang JH, Lee BN, Chang HS, Hwang IN, Oh WM, Kim SH, Min KS, Koh JT, Hwang YC. Anti-inflammatory and Mineralization Effects of ProRoot MTA and Endocem MTA in Studies of Human and Rat Dental Pulps In Vitro and In Vivo. J Endod 2018; 44:1534-1541. [PMID: 30174104 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have reported direct pulp capping in inflamed pulp conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo responses of dental pulp during direct pulp capping using various pulp capping materials in inflamed conditions. METHODS Human dental pulp cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cultured with Dycal (Dentsply Caulk, Milford, DE), ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), and Endocem MTA (Maruchi, Wonju, South Korea). The expressions of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, dentin matrix protein 1, and dentin sialophosphoprotein were analyzed through real-time polymerase chain reaction. The maxillary molars of Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed for 2 days. The exposed pulps were capped with Dycal, ProRoot MTA, and Endocem MTA and sealed with resin-modified glass ionomer followed by histologic and immunohistochemical analyses. RESULTS The expression of IL-1β and IL-6 was increased with LPS and decreased by Dycal, ProRoot MTA, and Endocem MTA. Dentin matrix protein 1 and dentin sialophosphoprotein levels were decreased with LPS and increased after treatment with pulp capping materials.In the in vivo study, inflammation associated with Dycal was higher than that associated with ProRoot MTA and Endocem MTA at week 1, without any significant difference between the 2. At 4 weeks, inflammation was decreased, and mineralization was increased compared with week 1 in all 3 of the materials. At week 1, IL-6 immunoreactivity was strongly expressed. Dycal exhibited stronger immunoreactivity than ProRoot MTA and Endocem MTA. However, the immunoreactivity was decreased in all groups at week 4. CONCLUSIONS Successful direct pulp capping requires more effective pulp capping materials for the treatment of inflamed pulps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Jang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bin-Na Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hoon-Sang Chang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - In-Nam Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won-Mann Oh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sun-Hun Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kyung-San Min
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea; Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
| | - Yun-Chan Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea; Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
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Trongkij P, Sutimuntanakul S, Lapthanasupkul P, Chaimanakarn C, Wong R, Banomyong D. Effects of the exposure site on histological pulpal responses after direct capping with 2 calcium-silicate based cements in a rat model. Restor Dent Endod 2018; 43:e36. [PMID: 30483461 PMCID: PMC6237730 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2018.43.e36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Direct pulp capping is a treatment for mechanically exposed pulp in which a biocompatible capping material is used to preserve pulpal vitality. Biocompatibility tests in animal studies have used a variety of experimental protocols, particularly with regard to the exposure site. In this study, pulp exposure on the occlusal and mesial surfaces of molar teeth was investigated in a rat model. Materials and Methods A total of 58 maxillary first molars of Wistar rats were used. Forty molars were mechanically exposed and randomly assigned according to 3 factors: 1) the exposure site (occlusal or mesial), 2) the pulp-capping material (ProRoot White MTA or Bio-MA), and 3) 2 follow-up periods (1 day or 7 days) (n = 5 each). The pulp of 6 intact molars served as negative controls. The pulp of 12 molars was exposed without a capping material (n = 3 per exposure site for each period) and served as positive controls. Inflammatory cell infiltration and reparative dentin formation were histologically evaluated at 1 and 7 days using grading scores. Results At 1 day, localized mild inflammation was detected in most teeth in all experimental groups. At 7 days, continuous/discontinuous calcified bridges were formed at exposure sites with no or few inflammatory cells. No significant differences in pulpal response according to the exposure site or calcium-silicate cement were observed. Conclusions The location of the exposure site had no effect on rat pulpal healing. However, mesial exposures could be performed easily, with more consistent results. The pulpal responses were not significantly different between the 2 capping materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panruethai Trongkij
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supachai Sutimuntanakul
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Puangwan Lapthanasupkul
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chitpol Chaimanakarn
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rebecca Wong
- Restorative Section, Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Danuchit Banomyong
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Hanada K, Morotomi T, Washio A, Yada N, Matsuo K, Teshima H, Yokota K, Kitamura C. In vitro and in vivo effects of a novel bioactive glass-based cement used as a direct pulp capping agent. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:161-168. [PMID: 29575555 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Direct pulp capping is an important procedure for preserving pulp viability. The pulp capping agent must possess several properties, including usability, biocompatibility, and the ability to induce reparative dentin formation. In this study, a novel bioactive glass-based cement was examined to determine whether the cement has the necessary properties to act as a direct pulp capping agent. Physicochemical properties of the bioactive glass-based cement and in vitro effects of the cement on odontoblast-like cells, as well as in vivo effects on the exposed dental pulp, were analyzed. The cement immersed in water stabilized at pH10, and hydroxyapatite-like precipitation was induced on the surface of the cement in simulate body fluid. There were no cytotoxic effects on the viability, alkaline phosphatase activity, or calcium deposition ability of odontoblast-like cells. In the in vivo rat study of an exposed dental pulp model, the cement induced a sufficient level of reparative dentin formation by odontoblast-like cells expressing odontoblastic markers at the exposed area of the dental pulp. These results suggest that the newly developed bioactive glass-based cement provides favorable biocompatibility with the dental pulp and may be useful as a direct pulp capping agent. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 161-168, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Hanada
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Science of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiko Morotomi
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Science of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ayako Washio
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Science of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naomi Yada
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kou Matsuo
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | - Chiaki Kitamura
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Science of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
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