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Shi X, Hu X, Jiang N, Mao J. Regenerative endodontic therapy: From laboratory bench to clinical practice. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00267-4. [PMID: 38969092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintaining the vitality and functionality of dental pulp is paramount for tooth integrity, longevity, and homeostasis. Aiming to treat irreversible pulpitis and necrosis, there has been a paradigm shift from conventional root canal treatment towards regenerative endodontic therapy. AIM OF REVIEW This extensive and multipart review presents crucial laboratory and practical issues related to pulp-dentin complex regeneration aimed towards advancing clinical translation of regenerative endodontic therapy and enhancing human life quality. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW In this multipart review paper, we first present a panorama of emerging potential tissue engineering strategies for pulp-dentin complex regeneration from cell transplantation and cell homing perspectives, emphasizing the critical regenerative components of stem cells, biomaterials, and conducive microenvironments. Then, this review provides details about current clinically practiced pulp regenerative/reparative approaches, including direct pulp capping and root revascularization, with a specific focus on the remaining hurdles and bright prospects in developing such therapies. Next, special attention was devoted to discussing the innovative biomimetic perspectives opened in establishing functional tissues by employing exosomes and cell aggregates, which will benefit the clinical translation of dental pulp engineering protocols. Finally, we summarize careful consideration that should be given to basic research and clinical applications of regenerative endodontics. In particular, this review article highlights significant challenges associated with residual infection and inflammation and identifies future insightful directions in creating antibacterial and immunomodulatory microenvironments so that clinicians and researchers can comprehensively understand crucial clinical aspects of regenerative endodontic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaohan Hu
- Outpatient Department Office, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Nan Jiang
- Central Laboratory, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jing Mao
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Bae KB, Kim HM, Son JW, Ryu JY, Hwang YC, Koh JT, Oh WM, Park C, Lee BN. Effect of 3D-printed polycaprolactone/osteolectin scaffolds on the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:045027. [PMID: 38740059 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad4ad9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Cell-based tissue engineering often requires the use of scaffolds to provide a three-dimensional (3D) framework for cell proliferation and tissue formation. Polycaprolactone (PCL), a type of polymer, has good printability, favorable surface modifiability, adaptability, and biodegradability. However, its large-scale applicability is hindered by its hydrophobic nature, which affects biological properties. Composite materials can be created by adding bioactive materials to the polymer to improve the properties of PCL scaffolds. Osteolectin is an odontogenic factor that promotes the maintenance of the adult skeleton by promoting the differentiation of LepR+ cells into osteoblasts. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether 3D-printed PCL/osteolectin scaffolds supply a suitable microenvironment for the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). The hDPCs were cultured on 3D-printed PCL scaffolds with or without pores. Cell attachment and cell proliferation were evaluated using EZ-Cytox. The odontogenic differentiation of hDPCs was evaluated by alizarin red S staining and alkaline phosphatase assays. Western blot was used to evaluate the expression of the proteins DSPP and DMP-Results: The attachment of hDPCs to PCL scaffolds with pores was significantly higher than to PCL scaffolds without pores. The odontogenic differentiation of hDPCs was induced more in PCL/osteolectin scaffolds than in PCL scaffolds, but there was no statistically significant difference. 3D-printed PCL scaffolds with pores are suitable for the growth of hDPCs, and the PCL/osteolectin scaffolds can provide a more favorable microenvironment for the odontogenic differentiation of hDPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kkot-Byeol Bae
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Mi Kim
- Private practice, Local Dental Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Son
- Researcher, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Ryu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chan Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Mann Oh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Park
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bin-Na Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Cho EH, Kim YS, Kim YR, Kang JH, Park SW, Lim HP, Yun KD, Jang WH, Koh JT, Park C, Lee BN. A leptin-loaded poly- ϵ-caprolactone 3D printing scaffold for odontoblastic differentiation in human dental pulp cells. Biomed Mater 2023; 19:015009. [PMID: 37972541 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad0d84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects on odontoblast differentiation of a 3D-printed poly-ϵ-caprolactone (PCL) scaffold that incorporated leptin. Material extrusion-type 3D printing with a 43 000-molecular weight PCL material was used to fabricate a PCL scaffold with a 6 mm diameter, 1 mm height, and 270-340 µm pore size. The experimental groups were PCL scaffolds (control group), PCL scaffolds with aminated surfaces (group A), and PCL scaffolds with leptin on the aminated surface (group L). The aminated surface was treated with 1,6-hexanediamine and verified by ninhydrin analysis. Leptin loading was performed using Traut's reagent and 4-(N-Maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 3-sulfo-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester sodium salt (Sulfo-SMCC). Groups A and L showed significantly higher surface wettability, pulp cell adhesion, and proliferation than the control group. Group L exhibited increased alkaline phosphatase, calcification deposits, and mRNA and protein expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 compared with the control group. In this study, a 3D-printed PCL scaffold containing leptin was enhanced odontoblast differentiation and dental pulp cells adhesion and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hyo Cho
- School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Seul Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ran Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Kang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Park
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Pil Lim
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwi-Dug Yun
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Hyung Jang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Tea Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Park
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bin-Na Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Luo X, Niu J, Su G, Zhou L, Zhang X, Liu Y, Wang Q, Sun N. Research progress of biomimetic materials in oral medicine. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:72. [PMID: 37996886 PMCID: PMC10668381 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic materials are able to mimic the structure and functional properties of native tissues especially natural oral tissues. They have attracted growing attention for their potential to achieve configurable and functional reconstruction in oral medicine. Though tremendous progress has been made regarding biomimetic materials, significant challenges still remain in terms of controversy on the mechanism of tooth tissue regeneration, lack of options for manufacturing such materials and insufficiency of in vivo experimental tests in related fields. In this review, the biomimetic materials used in oral medicine are summarized systematically, including tooth defect, tooth loss, periodontal diseases and maxillofacial bone defect. Various theoretical foundations of biomimetic materials research are reviewed, introducing the current and pertinent results. The benefits and limitations of these materials are summed up at the same time. Finally, challenges and potential of this field are discussed. This review provides the framework and support for further research in addition to giving a generally novel and fundamental basis for the utilization of biomimetic materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Luo
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Jiayue Niu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Guanyu Su
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Linxi Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Xue Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ningning Sun
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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Zhou L, Zhao S, Xing X. Effects of different signaling pathways on odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells: a review. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1272764. [PMID: 37929208 PMCID: PMC10622672 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1272764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a type of mesenchymal stem cells that can differentiate into odontoblast-like cells and protect the pulp. The differentiation of DPSCs can be influenced by biomaterials or growth factors that activate different signaling pathways in vitro or in vivo. In this review, we summarized six major pathways involved in the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs, Wnt signaling pathways, Smad signaling pathways, MAPK signaling pathways, NF-kB signaling pathways, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, and Notch signaling pathways. Various factors can influence the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs through one or more signaling pathways. By understanding the interactions between these signaling pathways, we can expand our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the regeneration of the pulp-dentin complex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xianghui Xing
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Gu D, Liu H, Qiu X, Yu Y, Tang X, Liu C, Miao L. Erythropoietin induces odontoblastic differentiation of human-derived pulp stem cells via EphB4-Mediated MAPK signaling pathway. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2816-2826. [PMID: 36577689 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human-derived pulp stem cells play key roles during dentinogenesis. Erythropoietin is reportedly involved in osteoblastogenesis and facilitates bone formation. However, the mechanism is still unknown. This research was to study the potential of erythropoietin in enhancing odontoblastic differentiation of human-derived pulp stem cells and to determine the underlying mechanism. METHODS The human-derived pulp stem cells were treated with erythropoietin, EphB4 inhibitor, and MAPK inhibitors, and the odontoblastic differentiation was measured by ALP staining, ALP activity assay, alizarin red S staining, and their quantitative analysis, and RT-qPCR of DSPP, DMP1, OCN, and RUNX2. The direct pulp capping model was established to evaluate the formation of tertiary dentin after treatment with erythropoietin. Western blot assay was conducted to assess relevant protein expressions in the phosphorylated EphB4 and MAPK pathway. RESULTS The results showed that erythropoietin promoted odontoblastic differentiation of human-derived pulp stem cells at 20 U/ml. Erythropoietin induced tertiary dentin formation in vivo. The potential mechanism of this was upregulating phosphorylated EphB4 and phosphorylated MAPK; furthermore, this effect could be decreased by EphB4 inhibitors, which inhibited MAPK phosphorylation. Blockage of MAPK pathways attenuated human-derived pulp stem cells' odontoblastic differentiation, suggesting that MAPK pathways are involved. CONCLUSION Erythropoietin induced tertiary dentin formation in vivo. And erythropoietin enhanced human-derived pulp stem cells' odontoblastic differentiation via the EphB4-mediated MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deao Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanxiao Liu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Zhengzhou Stomatology Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Qiu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yijun Yu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuna Tang
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Leiying Miao
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Liu G, Yang Y, Min KS, Lee BN, Hwang YC. Odontogenic Effect of Icariin on the Human Dental Pulp Cells. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58030434. [PMID: 35334610 PMCID: PMC8948804 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) can be used for dentin regeneration due to its odontogenic differentiation property. Icariin can induce osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. However, its potential to induce odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of icariin to induce odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs and investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. Materials and Methods: Cell viability assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of icariin to HDPCs. Effect of icariin on HDPCs chemotaxis was measured by scratch migration assay. The mineralized and odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red S (ARS) staining, real-time PCR, and Western blot of dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP 1) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). In addition, Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway of icariin-induced biomineralization was investigated by Western blot. Results: Cells treated with icariin at all concentrations tested maintained viability, indicating that icariin was biocompatible. Icariin accelerated HDPCs chemotaxis (p < 0.05). Expression levels of related odontogenic markers were increased in the presence of icariin (p < 0.05). Icariin-induced odontogenic differentiation occurred via activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, MAPK inhibitors suppressed expression levels of DSPP and DMP 1 protein, ALP activity, and mineralization of HDPCs. Conclusions: Icariin can upregulate odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs by triggering the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Liu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (G.L.); (B.-N.L.)
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Dental Implant Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China;
| | - Kyung-San Min
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
| | - Bin-Na Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (G.L.); (B.-N.L.)
| | - Yun-Chan Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (G.L.); (B.-N.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-530-5831
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Leptin in Dental Pulp and Periapical Tissues: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041984. [PMID: 35216099 PMCID: PMC8880140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is a non-glycosylated 16 kDa protein synthesized mainly in adipose cells. The main function of leptin is to regulate energy homeostasis and weight control in a central manner. There is increasing evidence that leptin also has systemic effects, acting as a link between innate and acquired immune responses. The expression of leptin and its receptor in human dental pulp and periradicular tissues have already been described, as well as several stimulatory effects of leptin protein expression in dental and periodontal tissues. The aim of this paper was to review and to compile the reported scientific literature on the role and effects of leptin in the dental pulp and periapical tissues. Twelve articles accomplished the inclusion criteria, and a comprehensive narrative review was carried out. Review of the available scientific literature concluded that leptin has the following effects on pulpal and periapical physiology: 1) Stimulates odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), 2) Increases the expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), odontoblastic proteins involved in odontoblastic differentiation and dentin mineralization, 3) Stimulates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in human dental pulp tissue and primary cultured cells of human dental pulp (hDPCs), 4) Stimulates angiogenesis in rat dental pulp cells, and 5) Induces the expression of interleucinas 6 and 8 in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). There is evidence which suggests that leptin is implicated in the dentin mineralization process and in pulpal and periapical inflammatory and reparative responses.
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Olaru M, Sachelarie L, Calin G. Hard Dental Tissues Regeneration-Approaches and Challenges. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14102558. [PMID: 34069265 PMCID: PMC8156070 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the development of the modern concept of tissue engineering approach and the discovery of the potential of stem cells in dentistry, the regeneration of hard dental tissues has become a reality and a priority of modern dentistry. The present review reports the recent advances on stem-cell based regeneration strategies for hard dental tissues and analyze the feasibility of stem cells and of growth factors in scaffolds-based or scaffold-free approaches in inducing the regeneration of either the whole tooth or only of its component structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Olaru
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Liliana Sachelarie
- Faculty of Medical Dentistry, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 2 Muzicii Str., 700399 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Gabriela Calin
- Faculty of Medical Dentistry, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 2 Muzicii Str., 700399 Iasi, Romania;
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Son JW, Choi SH, Jang JH, Koh JT, Oh WM, Hwang YC, Lee BN. Irisin promotes odontogenic differentiation and angiogenic potential in human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2020; 54:399-412. [PMID: 33089893 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether irisin, a newly discovered myokine that links exercise-induced and metabolic homeostasis, is able to promote odontogenic differentiation and angiogenesis in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODOLOGY Cell viability in the presence of irisin was measured. Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the expression levels of irisin, odontogenic and angiogenic markers. The involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the protein kinase B (Akt) signalling pathway was evaluated by Western blot. To evaluate mineralization nodule formation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red S staining were performed. Scratch wound assays were performed to evaluate the effects of irisin on cell migration. The data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (anova) followed by Tukey post hoc test and Student's t-test. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05. RESULTS Irisin significantly promoted odontogenic differentiation as evidenced by formation of mineralized nodules, induction of ALP activity and upregulation of odontogenic and angiogenic markers (P < 0.05). Scratch wound assays revealed that irisin significantly increased migration of HDPCs (P < 0.05). Phosphorylation of both MAPK and Akt was increased by irisin. MAPK and Akt inhibitors inhibited mineralization, cell migration and the increased expression of odontogenic and angiogenic markers. CONCLUSIONS Irisin promoted odontogenic differentiation and mineralization and has the potential for angiogenesis through activation of the MAPK and Akt signalling pathways in HDPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Son
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S H Choi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - J H Jang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J T Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, Hard-tissue Biointerface Research Center, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - W M Oh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Y C Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - B N Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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11
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Hong H, Chen X, Li K, Wang N, Li M, Yang B, Yu X, Wei X. Dental follicle stem cells rescue the regenerative capacity of inflamed rat dental pulp through a paracrine pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:333. [PMID: 32746910 PMCID: PMC7397608 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01841-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulpitis is a common dental disease characterized by sustained inflammation and impaired pulp self-repair. Mesenchymal stem cell-based minimally invasive vital pulp therapy (MSC-miVPT) is a potential treatment method, but its application is limited by the difficulty in acquiring MSCs. We recently revealed the immunomodulatory effects of rat dental follicle stem cells (rDFSCs) on acute lung injury. The present study focused on the paracrine effects of rDFSCs on the inflammation and regeneration of rat injured dental pulp to detect whether DFSCs are a potential candidate for MSC-miVPT. Methods Conditioned medium from rDFSCs (rDFSC-CM) was applied to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory rat dental pulp cells (rDPCs). The inflammation and regeneration of rDPCs were detected by RT-qPCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, wound-healing assay, and Masson’s staining. The effects of rDFSC-CM on inflamed rat dental pulp were further evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining. Results rDFSC-CM downregulated the ERK1/2 and NF-κB signaling pathways, which resulted in suppression of the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and promotion of the expression of IL-4 and TGF-β, and these findings lead to the attenuation of rDPC inflammation. rDFSC-CM enhanced the in vitro proliferation, migration, and odontogenic differentiation of inflammatory rDPCs and their in vivo ectopic dentinogenesis. Furthermore, rDFSC-CM inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration in rat pulpitis and triggered Runx2 expression in some of the odontoblast-like cells surrounding the injured site, and these effects were conducive to the repair of inflamed dental pulp. Conclusions rDFSC-CM exhibits therapeutic potential by rescuing the regeneration of the inflamed rat dental pulp through an immunomodulatory mechanism, indicating the application prospects of DFSCs in biological regenerative endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Hong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochuan Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xi Wei
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Zhang S, Thiebes AL, Kreimendahl F, Ruetten S, Buhl EM, Wolf M, Jockenhoevel S, Apel C. Extracellular Vesicles-Loaded Fibrin Gel Supports Rapid Neovascularization for Dental Pulp Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124226. [PMID: 32545804 PMCID: PMC7352754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid vascularization is required for the regeneration of dental pulp due to the spatially restricted tooth environment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from mesenchymal stromal cells show potent proangiogenic effects. Since EVs suffer from rapid clearance and low accumulation in target tissues, an injectable delivery system capable of maintaining a therapeutic dose of EVs over a longer period would be desirable. We fabricated an EV-fibrin gel composite as an in situ forming delivery system. EVs were isolated from dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Their effects on cell proliferation and migration were monitored in monolayers and hydrogels. Thereafter, endothelial cells and DPSCs were co-cultured in EV-fibrin gels and angiogenesis as well as collagen deposition were analyzed by two-photon laser microscopy. Our results showed that EVs enhanced cell growth and migration in 2D and 3D cultures. EV-fibrin gels facilitated vascular-like structure formation in less than seven days by increasing the release of VEGF. The EV-fibrin gel promoted the deposition of collagen I, III, and IV, and readily induced apoptosis during the initial stage of angiogenesis. In conclusion, we confirmed that EVs from DPSCs can promote angiogenesis in an injectable hydrogel in vitro, offering a novel and minimally invasive strategy for regenerative endodontic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Zhang
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute of RWTH Aachen University & Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.Z.); (A.L.T.); (F.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Anja Lena Thiebes
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute of RWTH Aachen University & Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.Z.); (A.L.T.); (F.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Franziska Kreimendahl
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute of RWTH Aachen University & Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.Z.); (A.L.T.); (F.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Stephan Ruetten
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.R.); (E.M.B.)
| | - Eva Miriam Buhl
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.R.); (E.M.B.)
| | - Michael Wolf
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute of RWTH Aachen University & Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.Z.); (A.L.T.); (F.K.); (S.J.)
| | - Christian Apel
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute of RWTH Aachen University & Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (S.Z.); (A.L.T.); (F.K.); (S.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-241-80-47475
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13
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Baranova J, Büchner D, Götz W, Schulze M, Tobiasch E. Tooth Formation: Are the Hardest Tissues of Human Body Hard to Regenerate? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4031. [PMID: 32512908 PMCID: PMC7312198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing life expectancy, demands for dental tissue and whole-tooth regeneration are becoming more significant. Despite great progress in medicine, including regenerative therapies, the complex structure of dental tissues introduces several challenges to the field of regenerative dentistry. Interdisciplinary efforts from cellular biologists, material scientists, and clinical odontologists are being made to establish strategies and find the solutions for dental tissue regeneration and/or whole-tooth regeneration. In recent years, many significant discoveries were done regarding signaling pathways and factors shaping calcified tissue genesis, including those of tooth. Novel biocompatible scaffolds and polymer-based drug release systems are under development and may soon result in clinically applicable biomaterials with the potential to modulate signaling cascades involved in dental tissue genesis and regeneration. Approaches for whole-tooth regeneration utilizing adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, or tooth germ cells transplantation are emerging as promising alternatives to overcome existing in vitro tissue generation hurdles. In this interdisciplinary review, most recent advances in cellular signaling guiding dental tissue genesis, novel functionalized scaffolds and drug release material, various odontogenic cell sources, and methods for tooth regeneration are discussed thus providing a multi-faceted, up-to-date, and illustrative overview on the tooth regeneration matter, alongside hints for future directions in the challenging field of regenerative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Baranova
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Vila Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Dominik Büchner
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Straße 20, 53359 Rheinbach, NRW, Germany; (D.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Werner Götz
- Oral Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthodontics, Dental Hospital of the University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstraße 17, 53111 Bonn, NRW, Germany;
| | - Margit Schulze
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Straße 20, 53359 Rheinbach, NRW, Germany; (D.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Edda Tobiasch
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Straße 20, 53359 Rheinbach, NRW, Germany; (D.B.); (M.S.)
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14
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Kim MR, Choi SH, Lee BN, Min KS, Hwang YC. Effect of parathyroid hormone-related protein on odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp cells. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:101. [PMID: 32276610 PMCID: PMC7146980 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) plays an important role in many physiological processes, including bone regeneration. The function of PTHrP is similar to PTH. It promotes osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether PTHrP might have odontogenic differentiation ability in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). METHODS The viability of hDPCs after stimulation with PTHrP was measured. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the expression levels of odontogenic markers and activation of protein kinase B (PKB/AKT), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). To evaluate mineralized nodule formation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red S staining were performed. RESULTS PTHrP promoted odontogenic differentiation as evidenced by the formation of mineralized nodules, the induction of ALP activity, and the upregulation of odontogenic markers (dentin sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein-1). The phosphorylation of AKT, ERK, JNK, and p38 was increased by PTHrP. However, an AKT inhibitor (LY294002), an ERK inhibitor (U0126), a JNK inhibitor (SP600125), and a p38 inhibitor (SB203580) inhibited the increase of mineralization induced by PTHrP. CONCLUSION The present study revealed that PTHrP could promote odontogenic differentiation and mineralization through activating the AKT, ERK, JNK, and p38 signaling pathways. These results provide novel insights into the odontogenic action of PTHrP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ra Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Youngbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hyeon Choi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Youngbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Bin-Na Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Youngbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Kyung-San Min
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Yun-Chan Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Youngbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.
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15
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Kurotaki Y, Sakai N, Miyazaki T, Hosonuma M, Sato Y, Karakawa A, Chatani M, Myers M, Suzawa T, Negishi-Koga T, Kamijo R, Miyazaki A, Maruoka Y, Takami M. Effects of lipid metabolism on mouse incisor dentinogenesis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5102. [PMID: 32198436 PMCID: PMC7083963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61978-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth formation can be affected by various factors, such as oral disease, drug administration, and systemic illness, as well as internal conditions including dentin formation. Dyslipidemia is an important lifestyle disease, though the relationship of aberrant lipid metabolism with tooth formation has not been clarified. This study was performed to examine the effects of dyslipidemia on tooth formation and tooth development. Dyslipidemia was induced in mice by giving a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Additionally, LDL receptor-deficient (Ldlr−/−) strain mice were used to analyze the effects of dyslipidemia and lipid metabolism in greater detail. In the HFD-fed mice, incisor elongation was decreased and pulp was significantly narrowed, while histological findings revealed disappearance of predentin. In Ldlr−/− mice fed regular chow, incisor elongation showed a decreasing trend and pulp a narrowing trend, while predentin changes were unclear. Serum lipid levels were increased in the HFD-fed wild-type (WT) mice, while Ldlr−/− mice given the HFD showed the greatest increase. These results show important effects of lipid metabolism, especially via the LDL receptor, on tooth homeostasis maintenance. In addition, they suggest a different mechanism for WT and Ldlr−/− mice, though the LDL receptor pathway may not be the only factor involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Kurotaki
- Division of Community-Based Comprehensive Dentistry, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ota, Tokyo, 145-8515, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.,Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Sakai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan. .,Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Takuro Miyazaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hosonuma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.,Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yurie Sato
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.,Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.,Division of Dentistry for Persons with Disabilities, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ota, Tokyo, 145-8515, Japan
| | - Akiko Karakawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.,Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Masahiro Chatani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.,Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Mie Myers
- Division of Community-Based Comprehensive Dentistry, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ota, Tokyo, 145-8515, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Suzawa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Takako Negishi-Koga
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.,Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.,Division of Mucosal Barriology, International Research and Development Center for Mucosal vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Akira Miyazaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yasubumi Maruoka
- Division of Community-Based Comprehensive Dentistry, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ota, Tokyo, 145-8515, Japan
| | - Masamichi Takami
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan. .,Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
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16
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Chen Z, Zhang K, Qiu W, Luo Y, Pan Y, Li J, Yang Y, Wu B, Fang F. Genome-wide identification of long noncoding RNAs and their competing endogenous RNA networks involved in the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:114. [PMID: 32169113 PMCID: PMC7071724 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01622-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the multiple differentiations of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, few studies have focused on the regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs in the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). METHODS hDPSCs were induced to differentiate into odontoblasts in vitro, and the expression profiles of lncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in differentiated and undifferentiated cells were obtained by microarray. Bioinformatics analyses including Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, pathway analysis, and binding site prediction were performed for functional annotation of lncRNA. miRNA/odontogenesis-related gene networks and lncRNA-associated ceRNA networks were constructed. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the expression of selected genes. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis were used to explore the location and function of lncRNA-G043225. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the binding sites of miR-588 with G043225 and Fibrillin 1 (FBN1). RESULTS We identified 132 lncRNAs, 114 miRNAs, and 172 mRNAs were differentially expressed. GO analysis demonstrated that regulation of the neurogenic locus notch homolog (Notch), Wnt, and epidermal growth factor receptor (ERBB) signaling pathways and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity were related to odontogenic differentiation. Pathway analysis indicated that the most significant pathway was the forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway, which is related to odontogenic differentiation. Two odontogenesis-related gene-centered lncRNA-associated ceRNA networks were successfully constructed. The qRT-PCR validation results were consistent with the microarray analysis. G043225 mainly locating in cytoplasm was proved to promote the odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs via miR-588 and FBN1. CONCLUSION This is the first study revealing lncRNA-associated ceRNA network during odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs using microarray, and it could provide clues to explore the mechanism of action at the RNA-RNA level as well as novel treatments for dentin regeneration based on stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiying Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Pan
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjia Li
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeqing Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fuchun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Effect of Leptin on Odontoblastic Differentiation and Angiogenesis: An In Vivo Study. J Endod 2019; 45:1332-1341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Wei L, Chen Y, Zhang C, Liu M, Xiong H. Leptin induces IL-6 and IL-8 expression through leptin receptor Ob-Rb in human dental pulp fibroblasts. Acta Odontol Scand 2019; 77:205-212. [PMID: 30600742 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2018.1536280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Leptin, through binding to its special receptor (Ob-Rb), has potent effects on immunity and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the expression of leptin receptor Ob-Rb in human dental pulp fibroblasts (HDPFs) and the effects of leptin on the production of proinflammatory cytokines of IL-6 and IL-8 by HDPFs. METHODS Ob-Rb expression was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (real-time PCR), Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses in cultured HDPFs. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into HDPFs to down-regulate the expression of Ob-Rb. Real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to determine the proinflammatory cytokines of IL-6 and IL-8 levels in leptin-stimulated HDPFs. The involved signalling pathways that mediate the leptin-stimulated production of proinflammatory cytokines were investigated using Western blot and specific signalling inhibitor analyses. RESULTS The expression levels of Ob-Rb mRNA and protein were detected in HDPFs. Leptin could stimulate mRNA and protein expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in HDPFs in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner. Transfection with siRNA targeting Ob-Rb resulted in remarkable reduction of IL-6 and IL-8 expressions by HDPFs. In accordance with the enhanced expression of proinflammatory cytokines, leptin stimulation resulted in rapid phosphorylation of STAT3, p38 MAPK, ERK and Akt in HDPFs. Inhibiting JAK2/STAT3, p38 MAPK or PI3K/Akt substantially decreased leptin-induced IL-6 production, whereas blocking ERK and p38 MAPK substantially suppressed IL-8 production from leptin-stimulated HDPFs. CONCLUSIONS Leptin may up-regulate IL-6 and IL-8 production through binding with Ob-Rb in HDPFs via the activation of different intracellular signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wei
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral Radiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangxi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral Emergency, School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral Emergency, School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingwen Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral Emergency, School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haofei Xiong
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral Emergency, School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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19
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Saberianpour S, Heidarzadeh M, Geranmayeh MH, Hosseinkhani H, Rahbarghazi R, Nouri M. Tissue engineering strategies for the induction of angiogenesis using biomaterials. J Biol Eng 2018; 12:36. [PMID: 30603044 PMCID: PMC6307144 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-018-0133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is touted as a fundamental procedure in the regeneration and restoration of different tissues. The induction of de novo blood vessels seems to be vital to yield a successful cell transplantation rate loaded on various scaffolds. Scaffolds are natural or artificial substances that are considered as one of the means for delivering, aligning, maintaining cell connection in a favor of angiogenesis. In addition to the potential role of distinct scaffold type on vascularization, the application of some strategies such as genetic manipulation, and conjugation of pro-angiogenic factors could intensify angiogenesis potential. In the current review, we focused on the status of numerous scaffolds applicable in the field of vascular biology. Also, different strategies and priming approaches useful for the induction of pro-angiogenic signaling pathways were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Saberianpour
- 1Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St, Tabriz, 5166614756 Iran
- 2Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Heidarzadeh
- 1Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St, Tabriz, 5166614756 Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Geranmayeh
- 3Neuroscience Research Center, Imam Reza Medical Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- 1Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St, Tabriz, 5166614756 Iran
- 5Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- 2Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- 1Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St, Tabriz, 5166614756 Iran
- 5Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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Martín-González J, Pérez-Pérez A, Cabanillas-Balsera D, Vilariño-García T, Sánchez-Margalet V, Segura-Egea JJ. Leptin stimulates DMP-1 and DSPP expression in human dental pulp via MAPK 1/3 and PI3K signaling pathways. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 98:126-131. [PMID: 30476887 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the physiological function of leptin in human dental pulp, and to determine the specific pathways implicated in its effect. METHODS Twenty-seven dental pulp samples were obtained from human third molars. Pulp samples were treated with or without human recombinant leptin. Leptin functional effect was analyzed in terms of regulation of the synthesis levels of DSPP and DMP-1, determined by immunoblot. RESULTS Leptin stimulated DMP-1 and DSPP synthesis in all human dental pulp specimens. The stimulatory effect of leptin on DMP-1 and DSPP synthesis was partially prevented by blocking mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK 1/3) and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) pathways, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates the functional effect of leptin in human dental pulp stimulating the expression of DMP-1 and DSPP, both proteins implicated in dentinogenesis. Leptin stimulates DSPP expression via PI3K pathway and DMP-1 synthesis via MAPK 1/3 pathway. These results support the role of leptin in pulpal reparative response, opening a new research line that could have translational application to the clinic in vital pulp therapy procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Martín-González
- Department of Stomatology (Endodontics section), School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, C/ Avicena s/n, 41009, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Antonio Pérez-Pérez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, Vírgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Sevilla, Av. Dr. Fedriani 3, 41071, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Daniel Cabanillas-Balsera
- Department of Stomatology (Endodontics section), School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, C/ Avicena s/n, 41009, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Teresa Vilariño-García
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, Vírgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Sevilla, Av. Dr. Fedriani 3, 41071, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Victor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, Vírgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Sevilla, Av. Dr. Fedriani 3, 41071, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan José Segura-Egea
- Department of Stomatology (Endodontics section), School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, C/ Avicena s/n, 41009, Sevilla, Spain.
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Janetschek G, Weitzel D, Stein W, Müntefering H, Alken P. Prenatal diagnosis of neuroblastoma by sonography. Urology 1984; 38:93. [PMID: 30791957 PMCID: PMC6385443 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1109-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Zoledronic acid is the most potent osteoclast inhibitor and is widely used for advanced cancer patients with bone metastasis, but its role on cancer stem cells (CSCs) remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to identify the stemness phenotypic characteristics of CSCs derived from cervical cancer cells and explore the anti-cancer efficiency of zoledronic acid on these cells, as well as the possible molecular mechanisms. Methods Stemness phenotypic identification of cervical cancer cells derived CSCs was performed via sphere formation efficiency (SFE), tumorigenesis, immunofluorescence staining, Transwell assay, and western blot. Anti-cancer efficiency of zoledronic acid on these cells (including proliferation, stemness phenotype, apoptosis, and cell cycle) was carried out through MTT assay, SFE, transwell, DAPI staining, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, TUNEL staining, and western blot, both in vitro and in vivo. Results Enhanced self-renewal ability, including SFE and tumorigenesis, was verified in cervical cancer cells derived CSCs compared to parental cervical cancer cells. Specifically, the expression of ALDH1, Sox2, CD49f, Nanog, and Oct4 was significantly up-regulated in cervical cancer cells derived CSCs. Furthermore, enhanced migratory ability was observed in these cells along with up-regulated N-cadherin and Vimentin and down-regulated E-cadherin. Zoledronic acid inhibited cervical cancer cells derived CSCs proliferation in vitro and in vivo. The stemness phenotype of these CSCs including tumor sphere formation, migration, as well as the expression of the aforementioned associated markers was also suppressed. In addition, zoledronic acid significantly induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of cervical cancer cells derived CSCs in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, the expression of phosphorylated Erk1/2 and Akt was significantly increased in cervical cancer cells derived CSCs compared to parental cervical cancer cells. Zoledronic acid inhibited phosphorylated Erk1/2 and Akt in cervical cancer cells derived CSCs. IGF-1, a potent stimulator for Erk1/2 and PI3K/Akt, attenuated the aforementioned anti-cancer effect of zoledronic acid. Conclusions Zoledronic acid inhibited the growth of cervical cancer cells derived CSCs through attenuating their stemness phenotype, inducing apoptosis, and arresting cell cycle. The suppression of phosphorylated Erk1/2 and Akt was involved in this process. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1109-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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