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Li X, Wang G, Li N, Wang X, Fan W, Zhang Z, Li W, Liu J, Huang J, Liu X, Zhou Q, Hou S. Icariin alleviates oxygen-induced retinopathy by targeting microglia hexokinase 2. Immunology 2024; 173:141-151. [PMID: 38804253 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal disease-causing retinal neovascularization that can lead to blindness. Oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) is a widely used ROP animal model. Icariin (ICA) has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation properties; however, whether ICA has a regulatory effect on OIR remains unclear. In this study, ICA alleviated pathological neovascularization, microglial activation and blood-retina barrier (BRB) damage in vivo. Further results indicated that endothelial cell tube formation, migration and proliferation were restored by ICA treatment in vitro. Proteomic microarrays and molecular mimicry revealed that ICA can directly bind to hexokinase 2 (HK2) and decrease HK2 protein expression in vivo and in vitro. In addition, ICA inhibited the AKT/mTOR/HIF1α pathway activation. The effects of ICA on pathological neovascularization, microglial activation and BRB damage disappeared after HK2 overexpression in vivo. Similarly, the endothelial cell function was revised after HK2 overexpression. HK2 overexpression reversed ICA-induced AKT/mTOR/HIF1α pathway inhibition in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, ICA prevented pathological angiogenesis in OIR in an HK2-dependent manner, implicating ICA as a potential therapeutic agent for ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingran Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanqian Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangyi Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianyang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengping Hou
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Pan X, Tan Z, Meng F, Zhang L, Chen Z, Mao J. Uvaol alleviates oxidative stress induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell injury by suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2024; 35:248-255. [PMID: 38700418 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000001302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a potentially life-threatening disorder with high morbidity. Uvaol is a natural pentacyclic triterpene possessing multiple pharmacological activities. Nevertheless, the role of uvaol in DVT is unclarified. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) to mimic DVT in vitro . CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were utilized for measuring cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Levels of the cell injury marker, thrombosis-associated factors, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress-related markers were examined by commercial assay kits. Western blotting was used for evaluating the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling-associated proteins. Uvaol treatment attenuated H 2 O 2 -induced HUVEC apoptosis and injury. Uvaol reduced the expression of pro-thrombotic factors and inflammatory cytokines and attenuated oxidative stress in H 2 O 2 -stimulated HUVECs. Uvaol inhibited MAPK signaling pathway in H 2 O 2 -stimulated HUVECs. Activating MAPK signaling reversed uvaol-mediated protective effects on H 2 O 2 -treated HUVECs. Uvaol treatment alleviates H 2 O 2 -induced HUVEC injury, apoptosis, and oxidative stress by inactivating MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The People's Hospital of Dan Yang, Dan Yang, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P.R. China
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Mohammadzadeh M, Zarei M, Abbasi H, Webster TJ, Beheshtizadeh N. Promoting osteogenesis and bone regeneration employing icariin-loaded nanoplatforms. J Biol Eng 2024; 18:29. [PMID: 38649969 PMCID: PMC11036660 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-024-00425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing demand for innovative strategies that effectively promote osteogenesis and enhance bone regeneration. The critical process of bone regeneration involves the transformation of mesenchymal stromal cells into osteoblasts and the subsequent mineralization of the extracellular matrix, making up the complex mechanism of osteogenesis. Icariin's diverse pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and osteogenic effects, have attracted considerable attention in biomedical research. Icariin, known for its ability to stimulate bone formation, has been found to encourage the transformation of mesenchymal stromal cells into osteoblasts and improve the subsequent process of mineralization. Several studies have demonstrated the osteogenic effects of icariin, which can be attributed to its hormone-like function. It has been found to induce the expression of BMP-2 and BMP-4 mRNAs in osteoblasts and significantly upregulate Osx at low doses. Additionally, icariin promotes bone formation by stimulating the expression of pre-osteoblastic genes like Osx, RUNX2, and collagen type I. However, icariin needs to be effectively delivered to bone to perform such promising functions.Encapsulating icariin within nanoplatforms holds significant promise for promoting osteogenesis and bone regeneration through a range of intricate biological effects. When encapsulated in nanofibers or nanoparticles, icariin exerts its effects directly at the cellular level. Recalling that inflammation is a critical factor influencing bone regeneration, icariin's anti-inflammatory effects can be harnessed and amplified when encapsulated in nanoplatforms. Also, while cell adhesion and cell migration are pivotal stages of tissue regeneration, icariin-loaded nanoplatforms contribute to these processes by providing a supportive matrix for cellular attachment and movement. This review comprehensively discusses icariin-loaded nanoplatforms used for bone regeneration and osteogenesis, further presenting where the field needs to go before icariin can be used clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
- Regenerative Medicine Group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Zarei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Regenerative Medicine Group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Abbasi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, 48128, USA
| | - Thomas J Webster
- School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
- School of Engineering, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Program in Materials Science, UFPI, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Nima Beheshtizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Regenerative Medicine Group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Ding N, Sun S, Zhou S, Lv Z, Wang R. Icariin alleviates renal inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis via Nrf2-mediated attenuation of mitochondrial damage. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4005. [PMID: 38583082 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is an inevitable consequence of all progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) and contributes to a substantial health burden worldwide. Icariin, an active flavonoid glycoside obtained from Epimedium species, exerts potential antifibrotic effect. The study aimed to explore the protective effects of icariin against tubulointerstitial fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced CKD mice and TGF-β1-treated HK-2 cells, and furthermore, to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrated that icariin significantly improved renal function, alleviated tubular injuries, and reduced fibrotic lesions in UUO mice. Furthermore, icariin suppressed renal inflammation, reduced oxidative stress as evidenced by elevated superoxide dismutase activity and decreased malondialdehyde level. Additionally, TOMM20 immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscope revealed that mitochondrial mass and morphology of tubular epithelial cells in UUO mice was restored by icariin. In HK-2 cells treated with TGF-β1, icariin markedly decreased profibrotic proteins expression, inhibited inflammatory factors, and protected mitochondria along with preserving mitochondrial morphology, reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) overproduction, and preserving membrane potential. Further investigations demonstrated that icariin could activate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway both in vivo and in vitro, whereas inhibition of Nrf2 by ML385 counteracted the protective effects of icariin on TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. In conclusion, icariin protects against renal inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis at least partly through Nrf2-mediated attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction, which suggests that icariin could be developed as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shanyue Sun
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuting Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Ya J, Bayraktutan U. Vascular Ageing: Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11538. [PMID: 37511296 PMCID: PMC10380571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing constitutes the biggest risk factor for poor health and adversely affects the integrity and function of all the cells, tissues, and organs in the human body. Vascular ageing, characterised by vascular stiffness, endothelial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, chronic low-grade inflammation, and early-stage atherosclerosis, may trigger or exacerbate the development of age-related vascular diseases, which each year contribute to more than 3.8 million deaths in Europe alone and necessitate a better understanding of the mechanisms involved. To this end, a large number of recent preclinical and clinical studies have focused on the exponential accumulation of senescent cells in the vascular system and paid particular attention to the specific roles of senescence-associated secretory phenotype, proteostasis dysfunction, age-mediated modulation of certain microRNA (miRNAs), and the contribution of other major vascular risk factors, notably diabetes, hypertension, or smoking, to vascular ageing in the elderly. The data generated paved the way for the development of various senotherapeutic interventions, ranging from the application of synthetic or natural senolytics and senomorphics to attempt to modify lifestyle, control diet, and restrict calorie intake. However, specific guidelines, considering the severity and characteristics of vascular ageing, need to be established before widespread use of these agents. This review briefly discusses the molecular and cellular mechanisms of vascular ageing and summarises the efficacy of widely studied senotherapeutics in the context of vascular ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Ya
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, Nottingham University, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Ulvi Bayraktutan
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, Nottingham University, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
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Regulatory mechanism of icariin in cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114156. [PMID: 36584431 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and neurological diseases are widespread diseases with substantial rates of morbidity and mortality around the world. For the past few years, the preventive effects of Chinese herbal medicine on CVDs and neurological diseases have attracted a great deal of attention. Icariin (ICA), the main constituent of Epimedii Herba, is a flavonoid. It has been shown to provide neuroprotection, anti-tumor, anti-osteoporosis, and cardiovascular protection. The endothelial protection, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, antioxidative stress, and anti-apoptosis properties of ICA can help stop the progression of CVDs and neurological diseases. Therefore, our review summarized the known mechanisms and related studies of ICA in the prevention and treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs), to better understand its therapeutic potential.
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Lou H, Liu X, Liu S, Chen Q. Purification and Characterization of a Novel α-L-Rhamnosidase from Papiliotrema laurentii ZJU-L07 and Its Application in Production of Icariin from Epimedin C. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:644. [PMID: 35736128 PMCID: PMC9225045 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Icariin is the most effective bioactive compound in Herba Epimedii. To enhance the content of icariin in the epimedium water extract, a novel strain, Papiliotrema laurentii ZJU-L07, producing an intracellular α-L-rhamnosidase was isolated from the soil and mutagenized. The specific activity of α-L-rhamnosidase was 29.89 U·mg-1 through purification, and the molecular mass of the enzyme was 100 kDa, as assayed by SDS-PAGE. The characterization of the purified enzyme was determined. The optimal temperature and pH were 55 °C and 7.0, respectively. The enzyme was stable in the pH range 5.5-9.0 for 2 h over 80% and the temperature range 30-40 °C for 2 h more than 70%. The enzyme activity was inhibited by Ca2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, and Mg2+, especially Fe2+. The kinetic parameters of Km and Vmax were 1.38 mM and 24.64 μmol·mg-1·min-1 using pNPR as the substrate, respectively. When epimedin C was used as a nature substrate to determine the kinetic parameters of α-L-rhamnosidase, the values of Km and Vmax were 3.28 mM and 0.01 μmol·mg-1·min-1, respectively. The conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis were optimized through single factor experiments and response surface methodology. The icariin yield increased from 61% to over 83% after optimization. The enzymatic hydrolysis method could be used for the industrialized production of icariin. At the same time, this enzyme could also cleave the α-1,2 glycosidic linkage between glucoside and rhamnoside in naringin and neohesperidin, which could be applicable in other biotechnological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qihe Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (H.L.); (X.L.); (S.L.)
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Zeng Y, Xiong Y, Yang T, Wang Y, Zeng J, Zhou S, Luo Y, Li L. Icariin and its metabolites as potential protective phytochemicals against cardiovascular disease: From effects to molecular mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Liu S, Zhang C, Hao J, Liu Y, Zheng S, Yang C, Yang J, Wu H. Icariin Promotes In Vitro Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Differentiation in Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the excellent candidates in myocardial regeneration given their easy accessibility, low immunogenicity and high potential for cardiomyocyte differentiation. This work focused on investigating the role of icariin, a main active component of the Traditional
Chinese herb epimedium, in human bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) proliferation and differentiation into cardiomyocytes In Vitro. Human BMSCs were cultivated In Vitro, and MTT assay was conducted to measure their proliferation. On this basis, we selected the optimal icariin dose
for promoting the proliferation to induce cardiomyocyte differentiation of MSCs, which were pretreated with or without 5-azacytidine (5-Aza). Cardiac-specific cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and connexin 43 (Cx43)-positive cells were detected by immunofluorescent staining. The differentiation ratio
of MSCs was examined by flow cytometry. This study measured early cardiac transcription factors (TFs) Nkx2.5 and GATA4 levels through RT-PCR and Western blotting (WB). As a result, icariin increased MSC proliferation dependent on its dose, and the optimal dose was determined to be 80 μg/l.
Furthermore, MSCs showed minimal cardiomyogenic differentiation when induced by icariin alone as confirmed by the expression of cardiac-related markers. Moreover, a synergic interaction was observed when icariin and 5-Aza cooperated to induce cardiomyocyte differentiation of MSCs. In conclusion,
Icariin stimulates proliferation and facilitates cardiomyocyte differentiation of MSCs In Vitro and may be potentially used as a new method for enhancing the MSCs efficacy in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoying Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Dongjie 3, Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Chengying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Beijing Huairou, 1 Houheng Jie, Huairou District, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Jing Hao
- Jimenli Community Health Service Center, Jimenli Community, Beisanhuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuna Liu
- Department of Laboratory, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Dongjie 3, Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Sidao Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Dongjie 3, Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Cui Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Beijing Huairou, 1 Houheng Jie, Huairou District, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Jiyuan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Dongjie 3, Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Hongjin Wu
- Beijing Haidian Hospital, Haidian Section of Peking University Third Hospital, 29 Zhongguancun Dajie, Haidian District, Beijing 100080, China
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Hu L, Wang Z, Li H, Wei J, Tang F, Wang Q, Wang J, Zhang X, Zhang Q. Icariin inhibits isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocyte hypertropic injury through activating autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 593:65-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Scicchitano M, Carresi C, Nucera S, Ruga S, Maiuolo J, Macrì R, Scarano F, Bosco F, Mollace R, Cardamone A, Coppoletta AR, Guarnieri L, Zito MC, Bava I, Cariati L, Greco M, Foti DP, Palma E, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Mollace V. Icariin Protects H9c2 Rat Cardiomyoblasts from Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Role of Caveolin-1 Upregulation and Enhanced Autophagic Response. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114070. [PMID: 34836326 PMCID: PMC8623794 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Doxo) is a widely used antineoplastic drug which often induces cardiomyopathy, leading to congestive heart failure through the intramyocardial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Icariin (Ica) is a flavonoid isolated from Epimedii Herba (Berberidaceae). Some reports on the pharmacological activity of Ica explained its antioxidant and cardioprotective effects. The aim of our study was to assess the protective activities of Ica against Doxo-detrimental effects on rat heart-tissue derived embryonic cardiac myoblasts (H9c2 cells) and to identify, at least in part, the molecular mechanisms involved. Our results showed that pretreatment of H9c2 cells with 1 μM and 5 μM of Ica, prior to Doxo exposure, resulted in an improvement in cell viability, a reduction in ROS generation, the prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction and mPTP opening. Furthermore, for the first time, we identified one feasible molecular mechanism through which Ica could exerts its cardioprotective effects. Indeed, our data showed a significant reduction in Caveolin-1(Cav-1) expression levels and a specific inhibitory effect on phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5a) activity, improving mitochondrial function compared to Doxo-treated cells. Besides, Ica significantly prevented apoptotic cell death and downregulated the main pro-autophagic marker Beclin-1 and LC3 lipidation rate, restoring physiological levels of activation of the protective autophagic process. These results suggest that Ica might have beneficial cardioprotective effects in attenuating cardiotoxicity in patients requiring anthracycline chemotherapy through the inhibition of oxidative stress and, in particular, through the modulation of Cav-1 expression levels and the involvement of PDE5a activity, thereby leading to cardiac cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Scicchitano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Federica Scarano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Anna Rita Coppoletta
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Lorenza Guarnieri
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Maria Caterina Zito
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Irene Bava
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Luca Cariati
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Marta Greco
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Daniela Patrizia Foti
- Department of Experimental, Clinical Medicine University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 88163 Roma, Italy
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.S.); (S.N.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (M.C.Z.); (I.B.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (V.M.)
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 88163 Roma, Italy
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12
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Yang L, Chen Z, Li J, Ding P, Wang Y. Effects of Escitalopram on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress Induced by Tunicamycin. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:737509. [PMID: 34759791 PMCID: PMC8573126 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.737509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) was reported to be associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) combined with oxidative stress (OS) (ERS/OS). Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of escitalopram (ESC) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and ERS/OS-related pathways in brain microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3 cells) induced by tunicamycin (TM). Methods: bEnd.3 cells were divided into four groups: control, TM, ESC, and ESC + TM groups. CCK-8 and flow cytometry were used to detect cell survival and apoptosis, respectively. The expression levels of proteins involved in cell permeability and ERS/OS-related pathways were assessed by western blot and immunofluorescence. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined by commercial kits. Results: We revealed that TM-induced bEnd.3 cells exhibited remarkably decreased viability and increased apoptosis rate, while ESC treatment reversed these changes. Additionally, TM treatment resulted in markedly increased PERK, GRP78, ATF6, XBP1, and CHOP protein expression levels. On the contrary, the expression of PERK, GRP78, XBP1, and CHOP was obviously reduced in TM-induced bEnd.3 cells after ESC treatment. Moreover, TM significantly reduced the expression of p-eNOS and P-gp and increased the expression of CaMKII and MMP9 compared with the control group. However, ESC reversed these changes in TM-induced bEnd.3 cells. Furthermore, the expression of SOD was significantly decreased, while MDA was significantly increased by TM treatment. In contrast, the expression of SOD was dramatically increased, while MDA was remarkably decreased by ESC treatment. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that ESC can inhibit ERS/OS and BBB permeability of TM-induced bEnd.3 cells. ESC may alleviate cognitive impairment and prevent comorbidities in MDD patients through ERS/OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - ZhengHong Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - PengJin Ding
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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13
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The Mechanism Exploration of Follicular Fluids on Granulose Cell Apoptosis in Endometriosis-Associated Infertility. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6464686. [PMID: 34746304 PMCID: PMC8568523 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6464686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the mechanisms of follicular fluids (FFs) on granulose cell (GC) apoptosis in endometriosis-associated infertility. Materials and Methods 60 infertile women were enrolled. The FFs from 30 endometriosis-associated infertility (EI) patients were collected and processed by ELISA hormone assay and proteomic profiling. The ovary GCs collected from 30 tubal-associated infertility (TI) patients were cultured in follicular fluids of endometriosis-associated infertility patients (EI-FFs), and the apoptosis mechanisms were explored by flow cytometry assay, real-time PCR, Western blotting, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Results Our results showed that the expression of 22 specific proteins was significantly different in the FFs from EI and TI patients, and the level of testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone was not obviously different between the two groups. EI-FFs could accelerate the apoptosis process of granulose cells of tubal-associated infertility patients (TI-GCs) by regulating the expression of 5 apoptosis-related proteins including BCL2, BAX, CASP3, CASP9, and TP53. The correlation of these 22 specific proteins and 5 apoptosis-related proteins was analyzed by PPI, and 5 protein biomarkers (INS, CXCL10, ICAM1, WIF1, and TNFRSF13C) and 5 signaling pathways (cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, apoptosis, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, MAPK, and p53 signaling pathway) were predicted. Conclusion This research clarified the effect and explored the mechanisms of EI-FFs on the apoptosis of TI-GCs and indicated the protein biomarkers and signaling pathways for further study.
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Li T, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Sun W, Dong Y. A steroid-induced osteonecrosis model established using an organ-on-a-chip platform. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1070. [PMID: 34447463 PMCID: PMC8355687 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) constitute the central part of the femoral head's intramural microenvironment network and have an essential role in the development of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Recently, the rapid development of microfluidic technology has led to innovations in the fields of chemistry, medicine and life sciences. It is now possible to use microfluidics organ-on-a-chip techniques to assess osteonecrosis. In the present study, BMECs were cultured on a microfluidic organ-on-a-chip platform to explore the pathogenesis of femoral-head necrosis. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of different interventions on BMECs and study the pathogenesis of steroid-induced osteonecrosis through a microfluidic organ-on-a-chip platform. Methods including SU-8 lithography were used to produce a microfluidic organ-on-a-chip and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to test whether it was possible to culture cells on the chip. Subsequently, a set of methods were applied for the isolation, purification, culture and identification of BMECs. Hydroxyapatite (HA) was used for co-culture, dexamethasone was used at different concentrations as an intervention in the cells and icariin was used for protection. BMECs were isolated and cultured from the femoral head obtained following total hip arthroplasty and were then inoculated into the microfluidic organ-on-a-chip for further treatment. In part I of the experiment, HUVECs and BMECs both successfully survived on the chip and a comparison of the growth and morphology was performed. HA and BMECs were then co-cultured for comparison with the control group. The cell growth was observed by confocal microscopy after 24 h. In part II, the effects of different concentrations of glucocorticoid (0.4 or 0.6 mg/ml dexamethasone) and the protection of icariin were evaluated. The morphology of BMECs and the cleaved caspase-3/7 content were observed by immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy after 24 h. In the microfluidic organ-on-a-chip, the response of the cells was able to be accurately observed. In part I, at the same concentration of injected cells, BMECs exhibited improved viability compared with HUVECs (P<0.05). In addition, it was indicated that HA was not only able to promote the germination and growth of BMECs but also improve the survival of the cells (P<0.05). In part II, it was identified that dexamethasone was able to induce BMECs to produce cleaved caspase 3/7; the caspase 3/7 content was significantly higher than that in the blank control group (P<0.05) and a dose correlation was observed. Icariin was able to inhibit this process and protect the microvascular structure of BMECs. The content of cleaved caspase 3/7 in the icariin-protected group was significantly lower than that in the group without icariin (P<0.05). It was concluded that BMECs are more likely to survive than HUVECs and HA promoted the growth of BMECs on the microfluidic organ-on-a-chip platform. Glucocorticoid caused damage to BMECs through the production of cleaved caspase 3/7, which was observed through the microfluidic organ-on-a-chip platform, and icariin protected BMECs from damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengqi Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yadi Liu
- Department of Bioanalysis, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yiyang Dong
- Department of Bioanalysis, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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Yao W, Wang K, Wang X, Li X, Dong J, Zhang Y, Ding X. Icariin ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetic rats by suppressing ER stress via the PPARα/Sirt1/AMPKα pathway. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:1889-1902. [PMID: 32770555 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Icariin (ICA), as a flavonoid glycoside, is associated with the improvement of vascular complications in diabetes. However, its protective mechanisms remain to be well-established. Here, we tested the hypothesis that ICA attenuates vascular endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in type 1 diabetes. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, ICA positively affected acetylcholine-induced vasodilation and phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction in aortas. ICA treatment significantly attenuated ER stress in diabetic rats and high-glucose induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Incubation with ICA in vitro attenuated vascular reactivity in diabetic rats, which was blocked by the ER stress inducer, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), sirtuin1 (Sirt1), or AMP-activated protein kinase-α (AMPKα) inhibitors. Western blot showed that ICA activated the PPARα/Sirt1/AMPKα pathway, which contributed to reducing ER stress and activating endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vivo and vitro. Our results implicate that ICA normalizes ER stress to attenuate endothelial dysfunction by the regulation of the PPARα/Sirt1/AMPKα pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Yao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiniao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinran Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jieyan Dong
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuansheng Ding
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response in cardiovascular diseases. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:499-521. [PMID: 33619348 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00511-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as ischaemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, hypertension, stroke and heart failure, are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although specific CVDs and the associated cardiometabolic abnormalities have distinct pathophysiological and clinical manifestations, they often share common traits, including disruption of proteostasis resulting in accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ER proteostasis is governed by the unfolded protein response (UPR), a signalling pathway that adjusts the protein-folding capacity of the cell to sustain the cell's secretory function. When the adaptive UPR fails to preserve ER homeostasis, a maladaptive or terminal UPR is engaged, leading to the disruption of ER integrity and to apoptosis. ER stress functions as a double-edged sword, with long-term ER stress resulting in cellular defects causing disturbed cardiovascular function. In this Review, we discuss the distinct roles of the UPR and ER stress response as both causes and consequences of CVD. We also summarize the latest advances in our understanding of the importance of the UPR and ER stress in the pathogenesis of CVD and discuss potential therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring ER proteostasis in CVDs.
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Sun JB, Wang Z, An WJ. Protection of Icariin Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced MC3T3-E1 Cell Oxidative Damage. Orthop Surg 2021; 13:632-640. [PMID: 33619876 PMCID: PMC7957425 DOI: 10.1111/os.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential protective mechanism of icariin against oxidative damage caused by hydrogen peroxide in MC3T3‐E1 cells. Methods MC3T3‐E1 cells were treated with different concentrations of icariin to explore the optimal dose of icariin. MC3T3‐E1 cells were divided into groups treated with various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, and 2 mM) for 24 h to induce oxidative damage and cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay. Then, cells were divided into five groups: control, H2O2 (0.2 mM), icariin (0.1 μM) and H2O2 (0.2 mM), + icariin (0.1 μM). Cell viability was detected by CCK‐8 assay. In addition, the content of glutathione and superoxide dismutase and the activity level of malondialdehyde in these treatment groups were determined. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red S (ARS) staining were also performed to measure the early and late osteogenesis, respectively. Protein expression of β‐catenin and cyclin D1 was measured by western blot assay. Then, we used an antagonist of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway (DKK‐1) and western blot analysis to further explore potential mechanism. Results After 24 h of exposure to 0.2 mM H2O2, the viability of MC3T3‐E1 cells was significantly decreased compared to that of the control cells. We first found that icariin can promote cell proliferation of MC3T3‐E1 cells in a dose‐dependent manner, with the dosage 0.1 μM showing the best pro‐proliferative effect. Furthermore, icariin could promote the protein expression of OSX and RUNX2. The results showed that icariin can reverse the inhibitory osteogenic effects of MC3T3‐E1 caused by H2O2. In addition, icariin could increase the Wnt‐signaling related proteins. The results showed that MC3T3‐E1 cells in the H2O2 (0.2 mM) + icariin (0.1 μM) + Wnt‐signaling antagonist (DKK‐1) group had weaker ALP and ARS staining compared with that observed in the control and H2O2 (0.2 mM) + icariin (0.1 μM) groups. The ALP activity and calcium content were decreased in the 0.2 mM H2O2 + 0.1 μM icariin + DKK‐1 group compared to that observed in the 0.2 mM H2O2 + 0.1 μM icariin group. Conclusion The results showed that icariin can increase the viability of MC3T3‐E1 cells, reverse the oxidative stress induced by H2O2 and protect MC3T3‐E1 cells against H2O2‐induced inhibition of osteogenic differentiation, which may occur through the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bin Sun
- Department of Trauma Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Trauma Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wei-Jun An
- Department of Trauma Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Wang J, Zhu G, Wang X, Cai J, Xie L, Zheng W, Feng Y, Guo Q, Chen H, Cai L. An injectable liposome for sustained release of icariin to the treatment of acute blunt muscle injury. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1152-1164. [PMID: 32567690 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Icariin, extracted from Epimedium, is a kind of flavonoid and possesses osteogenesis and antioxidant. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of icariin liposome on acute blunt skeletal muscle injury in rats. METHODS Icariin liposome was prepared by the thin-film dispersion method. After muscle injury, the corresponding treatment measures were given every day for two weeks. Recovery and mechanism of muscle injury were evaluated by QRT-PCR, HE, immunohistochemistry, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and serological tests. KEY FINDINGS The particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of icariin liposomes were 171.37 ± 38.23 nm, 0.27 ± 0.01, -5.59 ± 1.36 mV, 78.15 ± 2.04% and 15.62%, respectively. The QRT-PCR showed that icariin liposome significantly promoted the expression of MHCIIB and vimentin. Through HE, immunohistochemistry, ELISA and serological tests, we found that icariin liposome effectively promoted desmin expression, reduced collagen I expression and inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory factors, including TNF-α and IL-6. Icariin liposome therapy significantly reduced the level of malondialdehyde and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase. CONCLUSIONS Icariin liposome has excellent therapeutic effects on acute blunt muscle injury in rats by improving immunity, repairing cytoskeleton and cellular integrity, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis and antioxidant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gaosheng Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Linzhen Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongzeng Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Leyi Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Li G, Pan C, Sun J, Wan G, Sun J. lncRNA SOX2-OT regulates laryngeal cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion and induces apoptosis by suppressing miR-654. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3316-3324. [PMID: 32266028 PMCID: PMC7132247 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma is the most common type of malignant tumor in the head and neck. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve crucial roles in numerous biological processes. The present study aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA SOX2-OT in laryngeal cancer and to reveal the underlying mechanisms. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assays were used to measure the expression levels of SOX2-OT in the laryngeal cell lines. Furthermore, cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were assessed by CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. Western blot assay was performed to detect the protein expressions. In addition, a dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the direct interaction between SOX2-OT and microRNA (miR)-654. The data demonstrated that SOX2-OT level were significantly increased in the laryngeal cell lines. Furthermore, SOX2-OT silencing markedly promoted apoptosis and suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of TU-177 cells. A dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-654 was a direct target of SOX2-OT. Moreover, downregulation of miR-654 could attenuate cell apoptosis and accelerate cell proliferation, migration and invasion in TU-177 cells. In summary, the present study reported that knockdown of SOX2-OT could suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induce apoptosis in laryngeal cancer by targeting miR-654.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Li
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Chunchen Pan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Guanglun Wan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Jingwu Sun
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
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He C, Wang Z, Shi J. Pharmacological effects of icariin. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2020; 87:179-203. [PMID: 32089233 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Icariin (ICA) is a principal active component from traditional Chinese medicine Epimedium grandiflorum. To explain its traditional medical usages by modern science, a variety of pharmacological effects have been studied for ICA. In this review, we summarized the pharmacokinetics of ICA as well as its pharmacological mechanisms in neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular disease, anti-osteoporosis, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, anti-depression and anti-tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang He
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, P.R. China; Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Ze Wang
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, P.R. China; Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, P.R. China.
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Zheng M, Mitra RN, Weiss ER, Han Z. Rhodopsin Genomic Loci DNA Nanoparticles Improve Expression and Rescue of Retinal Degeneration in a Model for Retinitis Pigmentosa. Mol Ther 2019; 28:523-535. [PMID: 31879189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of gene therapy may allow replacement of the defective gene. Minigenes, such as cDNAs, are often used. However, these may not express normal physiological genetic profiles due to lack of crucial endogenous regulatory elements. We constructed DNA nanoparticles (NPs) that contain either the mouse or human full-length rhodopsin genomic locus, including endogenous promoters, all introns, and flanking regulatory sequences of the 15-16 kb genomic rhodopsin DNA inserts. We transduced the NPs into primary retinal cell cultures from the rhodopsin knockout (RKO) mouse in vitro and into the RKO mouse in vivo and compared the effects on different functions to plasmid cDNA NP counterparts that were driven by ubiquitous promoters. Our results demonstrate that genomic DNA vectors resulted in long-term high levels of physiological transgene expression over a period of 5 months. In contrast, the cDNA counterparts exhibited low levels of expression with sensitivity to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress mechanism using the same transgene copy number both in vitro and in vivo. This study demonstrates for the first time the transducing of the rhodopsin genomic locus using compacted DNA NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rajendra N Mitra
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ellen R Weiss
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zongchao Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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