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Ding N, Sun S, Zhou S, Lv Z, Wang R. Icariin alleviates renal inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis via Nrf2-mediated attenuation of mitochondrial damage. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4005. [PMID: 38583082 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is an inevitable consequence of all progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) and contributes to a substantial health burden worldwide. Icariin, an active flavonoid glycoside obtained from Epimedium species, exerts potential antifibrotic effect. The study aimed to explore the protective effects of icariin against tubulointerstitial fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced CKD mice and TGF-β1-treated HK-2 cells, and furthermore, to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrated that icariin significantly improved renal function, alleviated tubular injuries, and reduced fibrotic lesions in UUO mice. Furthermore, icariin suppressed renal inflammation, reduced oxidative stress as evidenced by elevated superoxide dismutase activity and decreased malondialdehyde level. Additionally, TOMM20 immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscope revealed that mitochondrial mass and morphology of tubular epithelial cells in UUO mice was restored by icariin. In HK-2 cells treated with TGF-β1, icariin markedly decreased profibrotic proteins expression, inhibited inflammatory factors, and protected mitochondria along with preserving mitochondrial morphology, reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) overproduction, and preserving membrane potential. Further investigations demonstrated that icariin could activate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway both in vivo and in vitro, whereas inhibition of Nrf2 by ML385 counteracted the protective effects of icariin on TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. In conclusion, icariin protects against renal inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis at least partly through Nrf2-mediated attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction, which suggests that icariin could be developed as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shanyue Sun
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuting Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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2
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Ma Z, Zhu L, Wang S, Guo X, Sun B, Wang Q, Chen L. Berberine protects diabetic nephropathy by suppressing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition involving the inactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Ren Fail 2022; 44:923-932. [PMID: 35618411 PMCID: PMC9154812 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2079525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has implicated that berberine (BBR) has a beneficial effect on diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but its mechanism is not clear. The aim of this study was to assess whether berberine could alleviate tubulointerstitial fibrosis and attenuate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its possible molecular mechanism. High-fat diet (HFD) followed by injection of STZ was used to induce diabetic rats in vivo. After the onset of diabetes, rats were treated with either BBR or saline for 12 weeks. In vitro, the human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2) was exposed to high glucose, with or without BBR. The influence of berberine on renal tubulointerstitial histological changes, markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and (NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3) NLRP3 inflammasome expression were examined. Results showed that in vivo, BBR could significantly ameliorate microalbumin and renal pathologic changes in diabetic rats. Immunofluorescence showed that BBR could inhibit EMT. Furthermore, BBR could down-regulate the level of the NLRP3 inflammasome in diabetic rats. Consistently, in vitro, BBR suppressed high glucose-induced EMT and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in HK-2. Our study demonstrated that BBR could inhibit high glucose-induced EMT and renal interstitial fibrosis by suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome. BBR might be used as a novel drug to ameliorate tubulointerstitial fibrosis in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin
| | - Lili Zhu
- Tianjin Medical Devices Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Shangshang Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin
| | - Xin Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin
| | - Bei Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin
| | - Qilong Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Liming Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin
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3
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Xu M, Li S, Wang J, Huang S, Zhang A, Zhang Y, Gu W, Yu X, Jia Z. Cilomilast Ameliorates Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis by Inhibiting the TGF-β1-Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:626140. [PMID: 33553218 PMCID: PMC7859332 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.626140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the key pathological feature in chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) with no satisfactory therapies in clinic. Cilomilast is a second-generation, selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, but its role in renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in CKD remains unclear. Material and Methods: Cilomilast was applied to the mice with unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO) and renal fibroblast cells (NRK-49F) stimulated by TGF-β1. Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and inflammation after UUO or TGF-β1 stimulation were examined by histology, Western blotting, real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. KIM-1 and NGAL were detected to evaluate tubular injury in UUO mice. Results:In vivo, immunohistochemistry and western blot data demonstrated that cilomilast treatment inhibited extracellular matrix deposition, profibrotic gene expression, and the inflammatory response. Furthermore, cilomilast prevented tubular injury in UUO mice, as manifested by reduced expression of KIM-1 and NGAL in the kidney. In vitro, cilomilast attenuated the activation of fibroblast cells stimulated by TGF-β1, as shown by the reduced expression of fibronectin, α-SMA, collagen I, and collagen III. Cilomilast also inhibited the activation of TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling in TGF-β1-treated fibroblast cells. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that cilomilast is protective against renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in CKD, possibly through the inhibition of TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling, indicating the translational potential of this drug in treating CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shumin Li
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowen Yu
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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4
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Guo L, Tan K, Luo Q, Bai X. Dihydromyricetin promotes autophagy and attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis by regulating miR-155-5p/PTEN signaling in diabetic nephropathy. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2020; 20:372-380. [PMID: 31668144 PMCID: PMC7416184 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2019.4410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common complication of diabetes and is prone to kidney failure. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) has been reported to have a variety of pharmacological activities. This study aims to explore the effect of DHM on DN and the underlying molecular mechanism. An in vivo DN rat model was established. The degree of renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) was detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Masson's trichrome staining, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). In vitro, NRK-52E cells were divided into four groups: normal glucose (NG), high glucose (HG), HG+DHM, and HG+rapamycin (autophagy inhibitor). The levels of autophagy- and fibrosis-related proteins were analyzed by western blotting. The expression of miR-155-5p and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) and their relationship were assessed by quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR and dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Our results showed that RIF was increased in DN rat model and in HG-induced NRK-52E cells. DHM treatment attenuated the increased RIF and also increased autophagy. MiR-155-5p expression was increased, while PTEN expression was decreased in DN rat and cell model, and DHM reversed both effects. Dual luciferase assay showed that PTEN was the target gene of miR-155-5p. DHM inhibited HG-induced fibrosis and promoted autophagy by inhibiting miR-155-5p expression in NRK-52E cells. In addition, DHM promoted autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In conclusion, DHM promotes autophagy and attenuates RIF by regulating the miR-155-5p/PTEN signaling and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Guo
- Department of Nephrology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kuibi Tan
- Department of Nephrology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qun Luo
- Department of Nephrology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu Bai
- Department of Nephrology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, China
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5
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Liu L, Zhang P, Bai M, He L, Zhang L, Liu T, Yang Z, Duan M, Liu M, Liu B, Du R, Qian Q, Sun S. p53 upregulated by HIF-1α promotes hypoxia-induced G2/M arrest and renal fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 11:371-382. [PMID: 30032308 PMCID: PMC7727266 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjy042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia plays an important role in the genesis and progression of renal fibrosis. The underlying mechanisms, however, have not been sufficiently elucidated. We examined the role of p53 in hypoxia-induced renal fibrosis in cell culture (human and rat renal tubular epithelial cells) and a mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model. Cell cycle of tubular cells was determined by flow cytometry, and the expression of profibrogenic factors was determined by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter experiments were performed to explore the effect of HIF-1α on p53 expression. We showed that, in hypoxic tubular cells, p53 upregulation suppressed the expression of CDK1 and cyclins B1 and D1, leading to cell cycle (G2/M) arrest (or delay) and higher expression of TGF-β, CTGF, collagens, and fibronectin. p53 suppression by siRNA or by a specific p53 inhibitor (PIF-α) triggered opposite effects preventing the G2/M arrest and profibrotic changes. In vivo experiments in the UUO model revealed similar antifibrotic results following intraperitoneal administration of PIF-α (2.2 mg/kg). Using gain-of-function, loss-of-function, and luciferase assays, we further identified an HRE3 region on the p53 promoter as the HIF-1α-binding site. The HIF-1α–HRE3 binding resulted in a sharp transcriptional activation of p53. Collectively, we show the presence of a hypoxia-activated, p53-responsive profibrogenic pathway in the kidney. During hypoxia, p53 upregulation induced by HIF-1α suppresses cell cycle progression, leading to the accumulation of G2/M cells, and activates profibrotic TGF-β and CTGF-mediated signaling pathways, causing extracellular matrix production and renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lijie He
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Menglu Duan
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Minna Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baojian Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Navy General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Qian
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Mayo Graduate School, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shiren Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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6
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Xiao Y, Peng C, Xiao Y, Liang D, Yuan Z, Li Z, Shi M, Wang Y, Zhang F, Guo B. Oxymatrine Inhibits Twist-Mediated Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis by Upregulating Id2 Expression. Front Physiol 2020; 11:599. [PMID: 32636757 PMCID: PMC7317027 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The final pathway for the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) into chronic renal failure in DN is glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Renal tubular lesions can occur in the early stage of DN renal injury. Cumulative evidence shows that oxymatrine (OMT) has a variety of biological and pharmacological properties. In recent years, more attention has been paid on the preventive and therapeutic influence of OMT on organ fibrosis. In this experiment, db/db mice were intraperitoneally injected with OMT 120 mg/kg for 8 weeks, and NRK-52E cultured with 30 mmol/L glucose and 0.1 mg/mL OMT for 48-hour. We investigated the relationship between Id2 and Twist in NRK-52E cells and the effect of OMT on the expression of E-cadherin, α-SMA, Fibronectin, and Collagen-IV by Western blot, Real-time PCR, Immunofluorescence, cell transfection, Co-Immunoprecipitation, and Luciferase assays. OMT increased the expression of Id2 but decreased that of Twist under high glucose condition in vitro and in vivo. The promoted recovery of Id2 facilitated its binding to Twist and affected E-cadherin activity inhibiting EMT and the excessive proliferation and abnormal deposition of ECM. In brief, OMT promotes Id2 to reverse EMT and exert anti-fibrotic effect in diabetic renal tubular epithelial cells by binding Id2 to Twist and affecting its transcriptional activation of downstream target genes. Or findings provide a new experimental basis for delaying the progress and for treatment of diabetic renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Can Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yawen Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dan Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhiping Yuan
- School Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhiyang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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7
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Karagiannis G, Hao W, Lin G. Calibrations and validations of biological models with an application on the renal fibrosis. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng 2020; 36:e3329. [PMID: 32101373 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We calibrate a mathematical model of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by Hao et al which is used to explore potential drugs for Lupus Nephritis, against a real data set of 84 patients. For this purpose, we present a general calibration procedure which can be used for the calibration analysis of other biological systems as well. Central to the procedure is the idea of designing a Bayesian Gaussian process (GP) emulator that can be used as a surrogate of the fibrosis mathematical model which is computationally expensive to run massively at every input value. The procedure relies on detecting influential model parameters by a GP-based sensitivity analysis, and calibrating them by specifying a maximum likelihood criterion, tailored to the application, which is optimized via Bayesian global optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenrui Hao
- Department of Mathematics, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Guang Lin
- Department of Mathematics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Department of Statistics (by Courtesy), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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8
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Gu W, Pan W, Zhu Q, Xiao X, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Liu J, Li M. [Expression of kinesin KIF3A in the kidney of mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2020; 40:219-224. [PMID: 32376524 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.02.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of KIF3A in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and TGF-β1-induced NRK-52E cells and the role of KIF3A in renal tubular epithelial cell transdifferentiation. METHODS Thirty-six C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the sham group (n=18) and UUO group (n=18). Six mice in each group were sacrificed at 7, 14 and 21days after the operation. The degree of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis of the mice was observed by HE staining, Masson trichrome staining and Sirius red staining. The expression and distribution of KIF3A in the kidney of the mice was detected using RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of KIF3A, E-cadherin and α-SMA proteins in the renal tissue of the mice. The expressions of KIF3A, E-cadherin, α-SMA, Wnt4 and β-catenin proteins in NRK-52E cells with TGF-β1-induced transdifferentiation were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with the sham-operated mice, the mice with UUO showed worsened renal interstitial fibrosis with the increase of obstruction time, indicating successful modeling. The expressions of KIF3A mRNA and protein increased progressively and reached the peaked level at 21 days after UUO. The expression of α-SMA protein was significantly increased while E-cadherin protein expression was significantly reduced after UUO. The transdifferentiated NRK-52E cells showed significantly increased expressions of KIF3A (P < 0.001), Wnt4 (P < 0.05) and β-catenin proteins (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS KIF3A may participate in the development of renal fibrosis through epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediated by wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Gu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Department of Biobank, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wenbin Pan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yaqin Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510028, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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9
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Zhu Q, Dong H, Bukhari AAS, Zhao A, Li M, Sun Y, Zhang X, Cao C, Su D, Liang X. HUWE1 promotes EGFR ubiquitination and degradation to protect against renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. FASEB J 2020; 34:4591-4601. [PMID: 32017279 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902751r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Injury of renal tubular epithelial cells is a key feature of the pathogenicity associated with tubulointerstitial fibrosis and other kidney diseases. HUWE1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, acts by participating in ubiquitination and degradation of its target proteins. However, the detailed mechanisms by which HUWE1 might regulate fibrosis in renal tubular epithelial cells have not been established. Here, the possible regulation of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by HUWE1 was investigated by examining the expression of HUWE1 and EGFR in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice. Markedly consistent reciprocal changes in HUWE1 and EGFR expression were observed at the protein and mRNA levels in the kidney after UUO injury. Expression of HUWE1 inhibited TGF-β-induced injury to HK-2 cells, while HUWE1 overexpression decreased the expression of EGFR. Further analysis indicated that HUWE1 physically interacted with EGFR and promoted its ubiquitination and degradation. HUWE1 expression also showed clinical relevance in renal disease, as it notably decreased in multiple types of clinical nephropathy, while EGFR expression significantly increased when compared to the normal kidney. Therefore, this study demonstrated that HUWE1, which serves as an E3 ubiquitin ligase specific for EGFR, promotes EGFR ubiquitination and degradation, thereby regulating EGFR expression and providing protection against kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Anran Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifei Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changchun Cao
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongming Su
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Center of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiubin Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Zhang K, Kuang L, Xia F, Chen Y, Zhang W, Zhai H, Wang C, Wang N, Lu Y. Follicle-stimulating hormone promotes renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in aging women via the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12997. [PMID: 31243899 PMCID: PMC6718534 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen withdrawal in aging women contributes to the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the effect of high circulating follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) levels on renal dysfunction remains unknown. In this study, blood samples from 3,055 postmenopausal women were collected and tested, which showed that there was a strong negative correlation between eGFR and FSH levels (p < 0.001), independent of LH, testosterone, and estradiol. Functional FSHR was detected in renal tubular epithelial cells. In vivo, high circulating FSH levels promoted a phenotype of tubulointerstitial fibrosis, characterized by increases in 24‐hr urine protein/creatinine ratio, serum Cr, serum BUN, and ECM deposition. Similar results obtained from cultured HK‐2 cells showed that FSH increased the transcriptional and protein expression of profibrotic mediators (collagen IV, fibronectin, and PAI‐1). This promotion of fibrosis by FSH occurred through the activation of AKT/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin pathway, which could be attenuated by silencing FSHR by siRNA or by LY294002 or MK2206. In addition, FSH‐stimulated HK‐2 cells secreted IL‐8, which promoted macrophage migration to exacerbate tubulointerstitial fibrosis. These results revealed a previously unknown effect of FSH on kidney injury, which may offer a critical insight into the development of CKD in aging postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Lin Kuang
- Institute and Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Zhejiang China
| | - Fangzhen Xia
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Hualing Zhai
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Chiyu Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
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11
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Yan R, Wang Y, Shi M, Xiao Y, Liu L, Liu L, Guo B. Regulation of PTEN/AKT/FAK pathways by PPARγ impacts on fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:6998-7014. [PMID: 30652342 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Renal tubular epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) are important pathological features of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the regulatory mechanism underlying EMT and TIF are still unclear. Previous studies showed that the decrease in the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) was closely related to the aggravation of DN, but no published study showed how PTEN participated in the regulation of EMT and TIF. In this study, the rat proximal tubular epithelial cells (NRK52E) and C57BL mice and human kidney tissues were used as the research objects to investigate the mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ (PPARγ) on PTEN and its influence on EMT and TIF, the regulation of PTEN's dual activity of lipid phosphatase/protein phosphatase by the serine threonine protein kinase B(AKT)/focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway, and the role of PTEN in EMT and TIF. The results showed that PPARγ regulated the expression of PTEN at a transcriptional level and further regulated EMT and TIF. This dual activity could regulate the phosphorylation level of AKT and FAK and also affect FAK transcription. However, the 129 mutant of PTEN (PTEN-G129E) lost the lipid phosphatase activity, and its protein phosphatase activity was involved only in EMT and renal fibrosis through regulating FAK phosphorylation. This study systematically elucidated the role of PPARγ/PTEN/AKT/FAK signaling pathway in EMT and TIF during the pathogenesis of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lirong Liu
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lingling Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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12
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Hou X, Tian J, Geng J, Li X, Tang X, Zhang J, Bai X. MicroRNA-27a promotes renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis via suppressing PPARγ pathway in diabetic nephropathy. Oncotarget 2016; 7:47760-76. [PMID: 27351287 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-27a (miR-27a) upregulation has been identified in diabetes, but the pathogenesis of miR-27a in renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not been elucidated. Herein, we found that high glucose stimulated miR-27a expression, which directly inhibited PPARγ and promoted fibrosis in NRK-52E cells. The functional relevance of miR-27a-dependent PPARγ decrease was proven by inhibition or overexpression of miR-27a both in vitro and in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MiR-27a, via repression of PPARγ, activates the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling and contributes to the expressional changes of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), Fibronectin and Collagen I, key mediators of fibrosis. Furthermore, we provide evidences that plasma miR-27a upregulation contributed to unfavorable renal function and increased TIF in renal tissues of diabetic rats and DN patients. Notably, miR-27a exhibited clinical and biological relevance as it was linked to elevated serum creatinine, proteinuria, urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Thus, we propose a novel role of the miR-27a-PPARγ axis in fostering the progression toward more deteriorated renal TIF in DN. Monitoring plasma miR-27a level and its association with PPARγ can be used to reflect the severity of renal TIF. Targeting miR-27a could be evaluated as a potential therapeutic approach for DN.
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13
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Liu S, Wang BH, Kelly DJ, Krum H, Kompa AR. Chronic kidney disease with comorbid cardiac dysfunction exacerbates cardiac and renal damage. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:628-645. [PMID: 28994186 PMCID: PMC5742721 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To address the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying chronic kidney disease with comorbid cardiac dysfunction, we investigated renal and cardiac, functional and structural damage when myocardial infarction (MI) was applied in the setting of kidney injury (induced by 5/6 nephrectomy-STNx). STNx or Sham surgery was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats with MI or Sham surgery performed 4 weeks later. Rats were maintained for a further 8 weeks. Rats (n = 36) were randomized into four groups: Sham+Sham, Sham+MI, STNx+Sham and STNx+MI. Increased renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (P < 0.01) and kidney injury molecule-1 expression (P < 0.01) was observed in STNx+MI compared to STNx+Sham animals, while there were no further reductions in renal function. Heart weight was increased in STNx+MI compared to STNx+Sham or Sham+MI animals (P < 0.05), despite no difference in blood pressure. STNx+MI rats demonstrated greater cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area and increased cardiac interstitial fibrosis compared to either STNx+Sham (P < 0.01) or Sham+MI (P < 0.01) animals which was accompanied by an increase in diastolic dysfunction. These changes were associated with increases in ANP, cTGF and collagen I gene expression and phospho-p38 MAPK and phospho-p44/42 MAPK protein expression in the left ventricle. Addition of MI accelerated STNx-induced structural damage but failed to significantly exacerbate renal dysfunction. These findings highlight the bidirectional response in this model known to occur in cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) and provide a useful model for examining potential therapies for CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liu
- School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyChina
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in TherapeuticsDepartment of Epidemiology and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Bing H. Wang
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in TherapeuticsDepartment of Epidemiology and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Darren J. Kelly
- Department of MedicineSt. Vincent's HospitalUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Henry Krum
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in TherapeuticsDepartment of Epidemiology and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Andrew R. Kompa
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in TherapeuticsDepartment of Epidemiology and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
- Department of MedicineSt. Vincent's HospitalUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
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14
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Hu P, Liu SY, Zhang DD, Xu Y, Xia X. Urinary C-type natriuretic peptide excretion: a promising biomarker to detect underlying renal injury and remodeling both acutely and chronically. Biomark Med 2016; 10:999-1008. [PMID: 27586401 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) refers to a sudden decline in renal function. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that AKI is a risk factor for the future development or accelerated progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), whereas the actual distinction between AKI and CKD remains unknown. CNP is predominantly present in the kidney and possesses multiple renoprotective properties. Urinary CNP excretion tends to be high in AKI, whereas back to the baseline in CKD. The dynamic changes in urinary CNP excretion may help detect underlying renal injury and remodeling both acutely and chronically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, PR China
| | - Si Yan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, PR China
| | - Dong Dong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, PR China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, PR China
| | - Xun Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, PR China
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15
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Wang L, Chi YF, Yuan ZT, Zhou WC, Yin PH, Zhang XM, Peng W, Cai H. Astragaloside IV inhibits renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by blocking TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 239:1310-24. [PMID: 24879422 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214532597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a major active ingredient from Radix astragali, which has been considered as a renoprotective agent; however, its molecular mechanisms are unclear. Thus, we designed to investigate the renoprotective effects and mechanisms of AS-IV in rat model of renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in vivo and TGF-β1-stimulated rat renal fibroblasts (NRK-49F) in vitro. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham operation, UUO, UUO/AS-IV (3.3, 10, 33 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)), and UUO/enalapril (4 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)). Renal function, tubulointerstitial damage index score, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and the expressions of TGF-β1, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen I, III, Smad2/3, phosphorylated-Smad2/3, and Smad7 were measured. In addition, the expressions of CTGF, α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen I, III, Smad2/3, phosphorylated-Smad2/3, and Smad7 were measured in TGF-β1-stiumlated NRK-49F cell line. AS-IV significantly decreased UUO-induced renal fibrosis and functional impairment, which are associated with inhibition of TGF-β1, CTGF, α-SMA, and collagen matrix expression, and a decrease in serum creatinine and urea nitrogen. The renoprotective effects of AS-IV on fibrosis were associated with up-regulation of Smad7, thereby blocking up-regulations of TGF-β1, CTGF, and α-SMA, and activation of phosphorylated-Smad2/3. These effects were further conformed in NRK-49F cell line stimulated by TGF-β1. Moreover, knockdown of Smad7 gene in NRK-49F cells was able to prevent AS-IV-induced inhibition to Smad2/3 signaling activation, expression of CTGF, α-SMA, and ECM proteins in response to TGF-β1. Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis was attenuated by treatment with AS-IV, which was closely related to induction of Smad7, thereby inhibiting TGF-β/Smad signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yang-Feng Chi
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Ze-Ting Yuan
- Experimental Research Center, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Wen-Chao Zhou
- Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Pei-Hao Yin
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wen Peng
- Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA Section of Nephrology, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30322, USA
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16
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Wei J, Li Z, Chen W, Ma C, Zhan F, Wu W, Peng Y. AEG-1 participates in TGF-beta1-induced EMT through p38 MAPK activation. Cell Biol Int 2013; 37:1016-21. [PMID: 23640911 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important cellular event in organogenesis, cancer and renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is the key inducer of EMT and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK), an major intracellular signal transduction pathway is involved in TGF-beta1-induced EMT. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) represents an chief genetic determinant regulating multiple events in tumorigenesis. Our present study is to explore the role of AEG-1 in TGF-beta1-induced p38 MAPK activation and EMT process in human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells. The protein expressions of AEG-1, the markers of EMT and p38 phosphorylation were measured by Western blot. The protein expression of AEG-1 was increased in HK-2 cells treated with TGF-beta1. Knockdown of AEG-1 potently inhibited phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and reversed TGF-beta1-induced EMT. Over-expression of AEG-1 via AEG-1 transfection elicited p38 MAPK phosphorylation and promoted EMT. The effects of AEG-1 during EMT were blocked by a p38-specific inhibitor. Our findings suggest that AEG-1 plays an important role in TGF-beta1-induced EMT through activation of p38 MAPK in proximal tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Wei
- Department of Nephrology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
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