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Liu Y, Cui Y, Liang X, Man S, Li X, Pecoraro L, Venturella G, Gao W. Exploring the apparent properties and Q-markers for quality control of Cornus officinalis. Food Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Aqueous Extract and Polysaccharide of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Induce Apoptosis and G0/G1 Phase Cell Cycle Arrest by PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Mesangial Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3664696. [PMID: 35497917 PMCID: PMC9054446 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3664696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MesPGN) is a common renal disease that lacks effective drug intervention. Aconiti Lateralis Radix (Fuzi), a natural Chinese medical herb, is found with significant therapeutic effects on various diseases in the clinic. However, its effects on MesPGN have not been reported. This study is aimed to discuss the therapeutic effects of the aqueous extract of Aconiti Lateralis Radix (ALR) and the polysaccharides of Aconiti Lateralis Radix (PALR) on MesPGN as well as the underlying mechanism. In this study, we, firstly, studied the anti-MesPGN mechanism of ALR and PALR. ALR and PALR inhibit the proliferation of the mesangial cells through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, induce the G0/G1 phase of block and apoptosis, inhibit the activity of Cyclin E and CDK2, increase the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-8/caspase-8, and cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 proteins, and effectively inhibit the growth of the mesangial cells. Overall, our data suggest that ALR and PALR may be potential candidates for MesPGN and that PALR is more effective than ALR.
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Wang X, Wu W, Zhang J, Gao L, Zhang L, Long H, Hou J, Wu W, Guo D. An integrated strategy for holistic quality identification of Chinese patent medicine: Liuwei Dihuang Pills as a case study. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:183-197. [PMID: 32130754 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Liuwei Dihuang Pills (concentrated pills, simplified as LWDHP), one of the most famous classic Chinese Patent Medicine (CPM), is produced by hundreds of pharmaceutical manufacturers with billions of Chinese yuan (CNY) in annual sales. However, current quality identification of LWDHP mainly relies on a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method that is complicated and deficient. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study is to simplify the identification process and provide a more comprehensive quality assessment method of LWDHP by developing an integrated strategy based on liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and multivariate statistical analysis. METHOD Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QTOF-MS) was employed to perform qualitative analyses of a home-made LWDHP and to establish a stably characteristic compound library by analysis of batches of its component herbs. Then selective ion monitoring (SIM) of single MS was utilised to develop a rapid identification method based on the UHPLC/QTOF-MS analysis result. Multivariate statistical analysis was subsequently used for the quality assessment of different commercial samples. RESULTS Seventy-eight characteristic compounds were characterised, and 68 of them were recorded to establish a stably characteristic compound library. Thirty-one compounds were selected from the library for the establishment of SIM identification method. Good specificity, capability, and feasibility had been respectively verified by the analysis of blank sample, negative control (NC) preparation samples, home-made LWDHP sample, and commercial sample. Multivariate statistical analysis of 20 batches of commercial LWDHP samples revealed the quality consistency of the same vendor's product and quality difference between diverse vendors' products. CONCLUSION The SIM identification method by a single analysis could significantly simplify the identification process of LWDHP, and it was performed in a holistic mode for no less than two compounds of each component herb monitored. Moreover, it could also be combined with multivariate statistical analysis to conduct quality assessments of batches of samples. The integrated strategy used in the study of LWDHP could be applied for the identification of other CPM as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenyong Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huali Long
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jinjun Hou
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wanying Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dean Guo
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
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Huang G, Yang L, Zhang Z, Ren S, Tang X, Zhou W, Wang Y, Ma Z, Gao S, Gao Y. Human PXR-mediated transcriptional activation of CYP3A4 by 'Fuzi' extracts. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 29:155-164. [PMID: 30303438 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1534296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study focused on determining whether the 'Fuzi' (FZ) extracts from different extraction methods are related to pregnane X receptor (PXR) and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), and explore the mechanism. METHODS FZ was extracted under various conditions, and the components were identified by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography/Quad Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS). Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide staining assays were used to measure the cell cytotoxicity of these extracts. Real-time PCR, western blot analysis and reporter gene assay were used to detect the expression changes of PXR and CYP3A4. RESULTS FZ extracts were found to contain high levels of monoester-diterpene alkaloids (MDAs) and diester-diterpene alkaloids (DDAs). FZ extracts were cytotoxic. Interestingly, we found that FZ extracts and DDAs can induce the expressions of PXR and CYP3A4. And the MDAs can inhibit the expressions of PXR and CYP3A4. CONCLUSION Different extracts of FZ can induce the expressions of PXR and CYP3A4 in different degrees. This may be related to the drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Huang
- a Department of Pharmacology , Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China
| | - Liang Yang
- b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Zhaoyan Zhang
- b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Sijia Ren
- a Department of Pharmacology , Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China
| | - Xianglin Tang
- b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Wei Zhou
- b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Zengchun Ma
- b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Shan Gao
- a Department of Pharmacology , Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China
| | - Yue Gao
- b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , China
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Study on Cardiotoxicity and Mechanism of "Fuzi" Extracts Based on Metabonomics. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113506. [PMID: 30405071 PMCID: PMC6274692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the toxicity of water and ethanol "Fuzi" (FZ) extracts and to explore the toxicity mechanism in rats. Water and ethanol extracts were prepared. Three groups of rats received the water extract, ethanol extract, or water by oral gavage for seven days. Pathological section staining of heart tissue. Colorimetric analysis was used to determine serum lactate dehydrogenase. The metabolic expression of small molecules in rats was measured by a metabolomics method. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and caspase-3. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CTnI, mTOR, and TGF-β1. The water and ethanol FZ extracts exert cardiotoxic effects via activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Wang L, Chen H, Jiang Y, Liu Z, Wang Q, Zheng X. Simultaneous Determination of 11 High-Polarity Components from Fructus Corni: A Quantitative LC-MS/MS Method for Improved Quality Control. J Chromatogr Sci 2018; 56:56-64. [PMID: 29036589 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmx083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fructus Corni, the dried ripe sarcocarp of Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc (Cornaceae), is widely used in traditional medicine. Pharmacological studies to date have attributed many biological effects to the high-polarity components. However, current quality control methods focus on only several iridoid glycoside components, and, of note, there is no comprehensive method available to simultaneously quantify the high-polarity components in Fructus Corni. Here, a simple, sensitive and robust liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to simultaneously determine 11 high-polarity constituents (5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural, gallic acid, sweroside, cornin, loganin, morroniside, 7α-O-methylmorroniside, 7β-O-methylmorroniside, 7α-O-ethylmorroniside and 7β-O-ethylmorroniside, cornuside) of Fructus Corni. This method showed good specificity, linearity (r2 ≥ 0.9907), repeatability (RSD < 5.98%) and recovery (93.24 ~ 112.92%, RSD < 9.06%). This validated method was successfully employed to assess the component variation of crude Fructus Corni of three regional origins as well as after processing. In particular, the iridoid isomers were, for the first time, included as the quality markers for Fructus Corni. We propose that this method may provide a new and powerful tool for achieving comprehensive quality control of Fructus Corni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liling Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuhong Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
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Du K, Li J, Bai Y, An M, Gao XM, Chang YX. A green ionic liquid-based vortex-forced MSPD method for the simultaneous determination of 5-HMF and iridoid glycosides from Fructus Corni by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. Food Chem 2018; 244:190-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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Xiong Y, Chen L, Hu Y, Cui X. Uncovering Active Constituents Responsible for Different Activities of Raw and Steamed Panax notoginseng Roots. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:745. [PMID: 29093679 PMCID: PMC5651511 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Panax notoginseng (PN) roots in raw and steamed forms were historically supposed to be different in the efficacies, the raw materials and steamed ones were often undifferentiated in the use and market circulation, which might bring unstable curative effects or even adverse reactions. To uncover chemical constituents responsible to different activities of raw and steamed PN, chemometrics analyses including partial least squares regression (PLSR) and multi-linear regression analysis (MLRA) were used to establish the relationships between the chromatographic fingerprints and activities of PN samples. Chemical fingerprints of PN were determined by HPLC. Anticoagulant and antioxidant activities were evaluated by the thromboplastin inhibiting test and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, respectively. Results showed that there was a significant difference in the chemical composition between raw and steamed PN, which could be discriminated by principle component analysis according to different steaming temperatures. Compared with the steamed PN, raw PN exhibited stronger anticoagulation and weaker antioxidation. By chemometrics analyses, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, and Rd were found to be the major active constituents of raw PN, whereas ginsenosides Rh1, Rk3, Rh4, and 20(R)-Rg3 had the key role in the activities of steamed PN, which could be used as new markers for the quality control (QC) of steamed PN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Xiong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, China.,Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Panax notoginseng Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, China.,Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Panax notoginseng Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yupiao Hu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, China.,Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Panax notoginseng Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xiuming Cui
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, China.,Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Panax notoginseng Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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9
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Yu M, Cao LL, Yang YX, Guan LL, Gou LL, Shu XY, Huang J, Liu D, Zhang H, Hou DB. Genetic diversity and marker–trait association analysis for agronomic traits in Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1355747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ma Yu
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ling-Li Cao
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yu-Xia Yang
- Laboratory of Genetic Resources, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Cultivation, Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ling-Liang Guan
- Department of Genetic Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Danzhou, PR China
| | - Lu-Lu Gou
- Department of Genetic Breeding, Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yan Shu
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Da-Bin Hou
- Department of Agronomy, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, PR China
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Zhao M, Tao J, Du L, Jiang S, Qian D, Duan J. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-Based Metabolic Profiling Comparison of Two Major Bioactive Components and Their Metabolites in Normal and CKD Rat Plasma, Urine and Feces Following Oral Administration of Fructus Corni Extract. J Chromatogr Sci 2017; 55:857-865. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmx046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Tao
- School of Pharmacy, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, P.R. China
| | - Leyue Du
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
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Jiang Y, Chen H, Wang L, Zou J, Zheng X, Liu Z. Quality Evaluation of Polar and Active Components in Crude and Processed Fructus Corni by Quantitative Analysis of Multicomponents with Single Marker. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2016; 2016:6496840. [PMID: 27446632 PMCID: PMC4942657 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6496840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective. To develop a quantitative analysis of multicomponents by single-marker (QAMS) method for the simultaneous determination of polar active components in Fructus Corni. Methods. Loganin was selected as the internal reference, and the relative correction factors (RCFs) of gallic acid, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural, morroniside, sweroside, cornin, 7α-O-methylmorroniside, 7β-O-methylmorroniside, 7α-O-ethylmorroniside, 7β-O-ethylmorroniside, and cornuside were established. The contents of multicomponents were then calculated based on their RCFs, respectively. Contents of the 11 components were also calculated by external standard method and compared with those of the QAMS method. Results. The contents of the 11 components in 21 crude and 10 processed Fructus Corni products were measured. No significant difference was found in the quantitative results of the QAMS and external standard methods. Conclusion. QAMS could serve as an accurate and convenient method in determining the polar and active components in Fructus Corni and its processed products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liling Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
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12
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Wang H, Zhang W, Wang X. Elucidation of a CGP7930 in vitro metabolite by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:491-496. [PMID: 26777679 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE γ-Aminobutyric acid-B (GABAB ) receptors are widely expressed in the nervous system and have been implicated as targets for various neurological and psychiatric disorders. CGP7930 is a positive allosteric modulator of GABAB receptors. It has been demonstrated to reduce drug self-administration and has gained increased research as a potential psychotropic treatment. METHODS An in vitro metabolic system with liver microsomes of SD rats has been conducted and evaluated by probe drugs. The predominant in vitro metabolite of CGP7930 was identified and elucidated using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-QTOF-MS/MS). Its structure was determined by comparing the characteristic ions of CGP7930 and those of the metabolite, based on the accurate mass measurement by MS and the fragmentation pattern obtained by MS/MS. RESULTS We found that the main metabolic pathway of CGP7930 was via a monohydroxylation reaction and the hydroxylation site located at the terminal butyl-carbon. The collision-induced dissociation (CID) fragmentation of the hydroxylated metabolite underwent McLafferty rearrangement and α-cleavage. CONCLUSIONS This work provides an understanding of the in vitro metabolism of CGP7930, which is helpful for the further study of the development of potential drug candidates targeting GABAB receptors, for the treatment of depression. The work also demonstrates that the LC/ESI-QTOF-MS/MS method has the advantage of possibly determining the structures of drug metabolites without the use of standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Xian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P.R. China
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Simultaneous determination of seven alkaloids in rat plasma by UFLC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Cerebralcare Granule. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1017-1018:28-35. [PMID: 26943262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An ultra fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass sepectrometry (UFLC-MS/MS) method was developed for simultaneous determination of seven active alkaloid components (tetrahydropalmatine, corydaline, α-allocryptopine, tetrahydroberberine, tetrahydrocoptisine, tetrahydrocolumbamine and dehydrocorydaline) in rat plasma after oral administration of Cerebralcare Granule. Plasma samples were pretreated by protein precipitation with acetronitrile containing the internal standard diazepam. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Phenomenex Kinetex C18 column (100×2.1mm, 2.6μm) with gradient elution using mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile -0.1% formic acid in water at a flow rate of 0.3mL/min. The detection was performed on an electrospray ionization triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) with positive ionization mode. The established method was fully validated and proved to be sensitive and specific with lower limits of quantification (LLOQs) all less than 0.0265ng/mL in rat plasma. Good linearities of seven alkaloids were obtained in respective concentration ranges (r>0.9923). The intra- and inter-day precisions were below of 15% for all the seven alkaloids in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD), and the accuracies were ranged from -2.7% to 8.3% in terms of relative error (RE). Extraction recovery, matrix effect and stability were within the required limits in rat plasma. The validated method was successfully applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics of the seven alkaloids in rat plasma after oral administration of Cerebralcare Granule (CG).
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14
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Zhao M, Tao J, Qian D, Liu P, Shang EX, Jiang S, Guo J, Su SL, Duan JA, Du L. Simultaneous determination of loganin, morroniside, catalpol and acteoside in normal and chronic kidney disease rat plasma by UPLC-MS for investigating the pharmacokinetics of Rehmannia glutinosa and Cornus officinalis Sieb drug pair extract. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1009-1010:122-9. [PMID: 26720701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and rapid method for determination of loganin, morroniside, catalpol and acteoside in rat plasma after oral administration of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch and Cornus officinalis Sieb drug pair based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Chromatographic separation was achieved using an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (100mm×2.1mm, 1.7μm) at a flow rate of 0.4mL/min, using gradient mode containing 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile were used as the mobile phase A and B. Loganin, morroniside, catalpol, acteoside and the internal standard (chloramphenicol) were detected by selected reaction monitoring in the negative ion mode with the mass transition of m/z 451.0→179.0 (morroniside), m/z 435.0→227.0 (loganin), m/z 407.1→199.1 (catalpol), m/z 623.2→161.0 (acteoside) and m/z 320.8→151.9 (chloramphenicol), respectively. All calibration curves showed good linearity (r>0.991). The precision was evaluated by intra-day and inter-day assays and the RSD% were all within 9.58%. The recovery ranged from 67.62 to 80.14%. The method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study of the analytes in normal and doxorubicin-induced chronic kidney disease rat plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jinhua Tao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Er-xin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Jianming Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shu-lan Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jin-ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Leyue Du
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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15
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Liao CL, Hsu SC, Yu CC, Yang JS, Tang NY, Wood WG, Lin JG, Chung JG. The crude extract of Corni Fructus induces apoptotic cell death through reactive oxygen species-modulated pathways in U-2 OS human osteosarcoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:1020-1031. [PMID: 23239598 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Crude extract of Corni Fructus (CECF) has been used in Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of different diseases for hundreds of years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of CECF on U-2 OS human osteosarcoma cells. Flow cytometry was used for measuring the percentage of viable cells, cell-cycle distribution, apoptotic cells in sub-G1 phase, reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca(2+) levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ). Comet assay and 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining were used for examining DNA damage and condensation. Western blotting was used to examine apoptosis-associated protein levels in U-2 OS cells after exposed to CECF. Immunostaining and confocal laser system microscope were used to examine protein translocation after CECF incubation. CECF decreased the percentage of viability, induced DNA damage and DNA condensation, G₀/G₁ arrest, and apoptosis in U-2 OS cells. CECF-stimulated activities of caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3, ROS, and Ca(2+) production, decreased ΔΨm levels of in U-2 OS cells. CECF increased protein levels of caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, cytochrome c, GRP78, AIF, ATF-6α, Fas, TRAIL, p21, p27, and p16 which were associated with cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. These findings suggest that CECF triggers apoptosis in U-2 OS cells via ROS-modulated caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Lung Liao
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, Republic of China
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16
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Chen X, Cao G, Jiang J. Comparison of pharmacokinetic behavior of two iridoid glycosides in rat plasma after oral administration of crude Cornus officinals and its jiuzhipin by high performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry combined with multiple reactions monitoring mode. Pharmacogn Mag 2014; 10:S115-21. [PMID: 24914290 PMCID: PMC4047585 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.127358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study examined the pharmacokinetic profiles of two iridoid glycosides named morroniside and loganin in rat plasma after oral administration of crude and processed Cornus officinals. Materials and Methods: A rapid, selective and specific high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry with multiple reactions monitoring mode was developed to simultaneously investigate the pharmacokinetic profiles of morroniside and loganin in rat plasma after oral administration of crude C. officinals and its jiuzhipin. Results: The morroniside and loganin in crude and processed C. officinals could be simultaneously determined within 7.4 min. Linear calibration curves were obtained over the concentration ranges of 45.45-4800 ng/mL for all the analytes. The intra-and inter-day precisions relative standard deviation was lesser than 2.84% and 4.12%, respectively. Conclusion: The pharmacokinetic parameters of two iridoid glucosides were also compared systematically between crude and processed C. officinals. This paper provides the theoretical proofs for further explaining the processing mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocheng Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Gang Cao
- Research Center of TCM Processing Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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17
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Noh HJ, Seo HM, Lee JH, Chang YH. Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Yogurt Supplemented with Corni fructus during Storage. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2014; 18:45-9. [PMID: 24471109 PMCID: PMC3867155 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2013.18.1.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine a possibility of adding Corni fructus extract (CFE) into yogurt for improving the neutraceutical properties of yogurt and the effects of adding CFE (2∼6%, v/v) on the physicochemical and sensory properties of the products during a 15-day storage period at 4°C. Incorporation of CFE into the yogurt samples resulted in a significant pH reduction and a significant increase in titratable acidity. When evaluating the color of the yogurt, the L*-values were not significantly influenced by CFE supplementation; however, the a*- and b*-values significantly increased with the addition of CFE during storage. The power law and Casson models were applied to assess the flow behavior of CFE-added yogurt samples. The magnitudes of apparent viscosity (ηa,100), consistency index (K), and yield stress (σoc) for 4∼6% CFE yogurt samples were significantly greater than those for the control, indicating that CFE can be used as a thickening agent for yogurt. The sensory test revealed that addition of CFE (2∼4%) to yogurt did not significantly affect the overall scores, but the overall preference score for 6% CFE yogurt was significantly decreased. Based on the data obtained from the present study, we concluded that the concentrations (2∼4%) of CFE could be used to produce a CFE-added yogurt without the significantly adverse effects on the physicochemical and sensory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Ju Noh
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 712-714, Korea
| | - Hye Min Seo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 712-714, Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 712-714, Korea
| | - Yoon Hyuk Chang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 712-714, Korea
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18
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Identification of the absorbed constituents after oral administration of Yuanhu Zhitong prescription extract and its pharmacokinetic study by rapid resolution liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 935:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Investigation of the Effect of Rice Wine on the Metabolites of the Main Components of Herbal Medicine in Rat Urine by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry: A Case Study on Cornus officinalis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:306712. [PMID: 23737825 PMCID: PMC3657418 DOI: 10.1155/2013/306712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) was developed for rapid and sensitive analysis of the effect of rice wine on the metabolites of the main components of herbal medicine in rat urine. Using Cornus officinalis as a model of herbal medicine, the metabolite profiles of crude and processed (steaming the crude drug presteeped in rice wine) Cornus officinalis extracts in rat urine were investigated. The metabolites of Cornus officinalis were identified by using dynamic adjustment of the fragmentor voltage to produce structure-relevant fragment ions. In this work, we identified the parent compounds and metabolites of crude and processed Cornus officinalis in rats. In total, three parent compounds and seventeen new metabolites of Cornus officinalis were found in rats. The contents of the parent compounds and metabolites in vivo varied significantly after intragastric (i.g.) administration of aqueous extracts of crude and processed Cornus officinalis. Data from this study suggests that UPLC-QTOF/MS could be used as a potential tool for uncovering the effects of excipients found in the metabolites of the main components of herbal medicine, in vivo, to predict and discover the processing mechanisms of herbal medicine.
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20
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Liu Z, Liu M, Qi Y, Zhu Z, Chai Y, Yuan C, Lin Y. Plasma pharmacochemistry combined with microdialysis to screen potential bioactive components and their metabolites in Anemarrhena asphodeloides
saponin extract using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:1659-66. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201201116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research; Shanghai P. R. China
- Drug Control Institute of Nanjing Military Area Command; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Qi
- School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yifeng Chai
- School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Shenyang Medical Depot; Shenyang Military Area Command; Shenyang P. R. China
| | - Yang Lin
- Shenyang Medical Depot; Shenyang Military Area Command; Shenyang P. R. China
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21
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Li Y, Wang Y, Su L, Li L, Zhang Y. Exploring potential chemical markers by metabolomics method for studying the processing mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine using RPLC-Q-TOF/MS: a case study of Radix Aconiti. Chem Cent J 2013; 7:36. [PMID: 23432780 PMCID: PMC3599468 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-7-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pao zhi is a common traditional approach that usually occurs before most herbs are prescribed whereby during processing, secondary plant metabolites are transformed, thus helping to increase potency, reduce toxicity and altering their effects. Using Radix Aconiti (Chuan Wu, CW) as a model herb, suitable chemical markers are crucial for studying the processing mechanisms of these herbs. Results In this study, the comprehensive metabolomic characters of CW and Prepared CW (ZCW) by RPLC-Q-TOF/MS were investigated to guarantee clinical safety. Multivariate analyses successfully identified specific metabolite changes between CW and ZCW. In addition, 22 key biomarkers responsible for the detoxifying actions of pao zhi were discovered. The processing mechanism of CW were discussed according to the identified metabolites. This method is efficient, providing more accurate characterisations of traditional pao zhi detoxification. Conclusions The proposed strategy proves that RPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based metabolomic analysis does not only explore chemical markers but can also provide a comprehensive understanding of the transformation mechanisms underlying pao zhi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin 300193, P, R, China.
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22
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Yin XY, Luo YM, Fu JJ, Zhong YQ, Liu QS. Determination of hyperoside and isoquercitrin in rat plasma by membrane-protected micro-solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:384-91. [PMID: 22258808 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A novel method, micro-solid-phase extraction based on membrane-protected molecularly imprinted polymer, was developed to extract hyperoside and isoquercitrin in rat plasma. Synthesized hyperoside MIPs were packed in a porous polyether sulfone membrane envelope to perform extraction. The parameters sorbent materials, membrane types, extraction time and desorption conditions were optimized for micro-solid-phase extraction. Under the optimal conditions, correlation coefficients, 0.998 and 0.999, were obtained for hyperoside and isoquercitrin, respectively, with the linear range between 1 and 120 μg/mL. The absolute extraction recoveries from 84.5 to 89.3% were found. The method detection limits of hyperoside and isoquercitrin were 0.24 and 0.22 μg/mL, respectively. Compared with traditional methods, solid-phase extraction, liquid-liquid extraction and protein precipitation, the developed method was simple, highly efficient for extraction, environmentally friendly, and particularly suitable for complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ying Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China
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23
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Qi P, Fan M, Li Z, Chen M, Sun Z, Wu B, Huang C. In vivo metabolism study of vaccarin in rat using HPLC-LTQ-MSn. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 27:96-101. [PMID: 22522976 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In order to illustrate the main biotransformation pathways of vaccarin in vivo, metabolites of vaccarin in rats were identified using a specific and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization linear ion trap mass spectrometry (LTQ XL™) method. The rats were administered a single dose (200 mg/kg) of vaccarin by oral gavage. By comparing their changes in molecular masses (ΔM), retention times and spectral patterns with those of the parent drug, the parent compound and six metabolites were found in rat urine after oral administration of vaccarin. The parent compound and five metabolites were detected in rat plasma. In heart, liver and kidney samples, respectively, one, four and three metabolites were identified, in addition to the parent compound. Three metabolites, but no trace of parent drug, were found in the rat feces. This is the first systematic metabolism study of vaccarin in vivo. The biotransformation pathways of vaccarin involved methylation, hydroxylation, glycosylation and deglycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qi
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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24
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Gong P, Cui N, Wu L, Liang Y, Hao K, Xu X, Tang W, Wang G, Hao H. Chemicalome and Metabolome Matching Approach to Elucidating Biological Metabolic Networks of Complex Mixtures. Anal Chem 2012; 84:2995-3002. [DOI: 10.1021/ac3002353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Gong
- State Key
Laboratory of Natural
Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Nan Cui
- State Key
Laboratory of Natural
Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Liang Wu
- State Key
Laboratory of Natural
Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan Liang
- State Key
Laboratory of Natural
Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kun Hao
- State Key
Laboratory of Natural
Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Jinling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Weiguo Tang
- Jinling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- State Key
Laboratory of Natural
Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haiping Hao
- State Key
Laboratory of Natural
Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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25
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Wang X, Wang H, Zhang A, Lu X, Sun H, Dong H, Wang P. Metabolomics Study on the Toxicity of Aconite Root and Its Processed Products Using Ultraperformance Liquid-Chromatography/Electrospray-Ionization Synapt High-Definition Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Pattern Recognition Approach and Ingenuity Pathways Analysis. J Proteome Res 2011; 11:1284-301. [DOI: 10.1021/pr200963e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xijun Wang
- National TCM Key Lab of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Pharmacometabolomics Platform of Chinese Medicines, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Huiyu Wang
- National TCM Key Lab of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Pharmacometabolomics Platform of Chinese Medicines, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- National TCM Key Lab of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Pharmacometabolomics Platform of Chinese Medicines, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xin Lu
- National TCM Key Lab of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Pharmacometabolomics Platform of Chinese Medicines, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hui Sun
- National TCM Key Lab of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Pharmacometabolomics Platform of Chinese Medicines, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hui Dong
- National TCM Key Lab of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Pharmacometabolomics Platform of Chinese Medicines, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ping Wang
- National TCM Key Lab of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Pharmacometabolomics Platform of Chinese Medicines, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
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26
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Sun H, Ni B, Zhang A, Wang M, Dong H, Wang X. Metabolomics study on Fuzi and its processed products using ultra-performance liquid-chromatography/electrospray-ionization synapt high-definition mass spectrometry coupled with pattern recognition analysis. Analyst 2011; 137:170-85. [PMID: 22030742 DOI: 10.1039/c1an15833c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The lateral root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx is named "Fuzi" which is widely distributed across Asia and North America and has been used to relieve joint pain and treat rheumatic diseases for over two thousand years. However, it has very narrow therapeutic ranges and despite the toxicological risk, its usage remains very high. A traditional Chinese processing approach (Paozhi, detoxifying measure) is necessary to remove the poisonous Aconitum alkaloids mainly deriving from the diester diterpene alkaloids (DDAs) including aconitine, mesaconitine and hypaconitine. They can be decomposed into less or non-toxic derivatives through Paozhi that plays an essential role in detoxification. Processed Fuzi is mainly focused on the three main forms of Yanfuzi (YFZ), Heishunpian (HSP) and Baifupian (BFP) which are highly desirable in order to guarantee the clinical safety and their low toxicity in decoctions. The difference in metabolomic characters between Fuzi and its processed preparations is still completely unclear. Therefore, this paper was designed to investigate a comprehensive metabolome of Fuzi and its processed products by ultra-performance liquid-chromatography/electrospray-ionization synapt high-definition mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-HDMS) combined with pattern recognition methods. The difference in metabolic profiles between Fuzi and its processed preparations was well observed by the principal component analysis (PCA) of the MS spectra. Significant changes of 19 metabolite biomarkers were detected in the Fuzi samples and three preparations. The underlying regulations of Paozhi-perturbed metabolic pathways were also discussed according to the identified metabolites. The present study proves that UPLC-Q-TOF-HDMS based metabolomic analysis greatly contributes to the investigation of Fuzi metabolism through Paozhi techniques, and provides useful information to further comprehensively understand the pharmacological activity and potential toxicity of processed Fuzi in a clinical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- National TCM Key Lab of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
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