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Mudrova B, Hrabakova K, Kozlik P, Hobzova R, Sirc J, Bosakova Z. A sensitive bioanalytical ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantitation of lactone and carboxylate forms of topotecan in plasma and vitreous. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400181. [PMID: 38863110 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Topotecan (TPT) is used in the treatment of retinoblastoma, the most common malignant intraocular tumor in children. TPT undergoes pH-dependent hydrolysis of the lactone ring to the ring-opened carboxylate form, with the lactone form showing antitumor activity. A selective, and highly sensitive ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the determination of both forms of TPT in one mobile phase composition in plasma and vitreous humor matrices. The method showed an excellent linear range of 0.375-120 ng/mL for the lactone. For the carboxylate, the linear range was from 0.75 to 120 ng/mL. The matrix effect and the recovery for the lactone ranged from 98.5% to 106.0% in both matrices, for the carboxylate form, it ranged from 94.9% to 101.2%. The dynamics of the transition between TPT lactone and TPT carboxylate were evaluated at different pH environments. The stability of TPT forms was assessed in plasma and vitreous humor at 8 and 37°C and a very fast conversion of lactone to carboxylate form occurred at 37°C in both matrices. The method developed facilitates the investigation of TPT pharmacodynamics and the release kinetics in the development of the innovative local drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Mudrova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Hrabakova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kozlik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Hobzova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Sirc
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bosakova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Jeong SH, Jang JH, Lee YB. Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Three Different Administration Routes for Topotecan Hydrochloride in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13090231. [PMID: 32887301 PMCID: PMC7559546 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Topotecan is actively used in clinic, with its primary use being in treatment of various types of cancer. The approved administration routes are oral and intravenous. The purpose of this study was to investigate and identify pharmacokinetic profiles of different administration routes. We conducted pharmacokinetic studies on three different routes of administration in rats. Five rats in each group received a single dose of 4 mg/kg of topotecan hydrochloride intravenously, orally, or subcutaneously, and the concentrations of lactone and total forms of the drug in plasma, urine, and feces were quantified. Various pharmacokinetic parameters were compared statistically. Plasma concentrations of both the lactone and total forms at elimination phase following subcutaneous administration, were two times higher than was seen with oral administration and 10 times higher than with intravenous administration. Subcutaneous administration of topotecan showed pharmacokinetic profiles similar to sustained release. In addition, subcutaneous administration showed bioavailability from 88.05% (for lactone form) to 99.75% (for total form), and these values were four–five times greater than those of oral administration. The results of this non-clinical study will not only provide greater understanding of the in vivo pharmacokinetics of topotecan, but also be useful for development of additional formulations and/or administration routes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yong-Bok Lee
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-530-2931; Fax: +82-62-530-0106
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Crotti S, Posocco B, Marangon E, Nitti D, Toffoli G, Agostini M. Mass spectrometry in the pharmacokinetic studies of anticancer natural products. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2017; 36:213-251. [PMID: 26280357 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In the history of medicine, nature has represented the main source of medical products. Indeed, the therapeutic use of plants certainly goes back to the Sumerian and Hippocrates and nowadays nature still represents the major source for new drugs discovery. Moreover, in the cancer treatment, drugs are either natural compounds or have been developed from naturally occurring parent compounds firstly isolated from plants and microbes from terrestrial and marine environment. A critical element of an anticancer drug is represented by its severe toxicities and, after administration, the drug concentrations have to remain in an appropriate range to be effective. Anyway, the drug dosage defined during the clinical studies could be inappropriate for an individual patient due to differences in drug absorption, metabolism and excretion. For this reason, personalized medicine, based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), represents one of most important challenges in cancer therapy. Mass spectrometry sensitivity, specificity and fastness lead to elect this technique as the Golden Standard for pharmacokinetics and drug metabolism studies therefore for TDM. This review focuses on the mass spectrometry-based methods developed for pharmacokinetic quantification in human plasma of anticancer drugs derived from natural sources and already used in clinical practice. Particular emphasis was placed both on the pre-analytical and analytical steps, such as: sample preparation procedures, sample size required by the analysis and the limit of quantification of drugs and metabolites to give some insights on the clinical practice applicability. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev. 36:213-251, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Crotti
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica - Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Bianca Posocco
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Elena Marangon
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Donato Nitti
- Surgical Clinic, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Nicolo Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica - Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy
- Surgical Clinic, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Nicolo Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
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Kim HR, Pereira CM, Han HY, Lee HJ. Voltammetric Studies of Topotecan Transfer Across Liquid/Liquid Interfaces and Sensing Applications. Anal Chem 2015; 87:5356-62. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Rim Kim
- Department
of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu-city, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Carlos M. Pereira
- Centro
de Investigação em Química−UP, L4, Departamento
de Química e Bioquímica da Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hye Youn Han
- Department
of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu-city, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- Department
of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu-city, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Khuroo T, Verma D, Talegaonkar S, Padhi S, Panda AK, Iqbal Z. Topotecan-tamoxifen duple PLGA polymeric nanoparticles: investigation of in vitro, in vivo and cellular uptake potential. Int J Pharm 2014; 473:384-94. [PMID: 25051112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The dual drug loaded poly(dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA(1)) nanoparticles (TOP-TAM NPs(2)) concurrently delivering topotecan hydrochloride (TOP(3)) and tamoxifen citrate (TAM(4)) were developed to achieve synergism for the treatment of breast cancer by enhancing the permeation of TOP through the gut and the cells present in the breast. TAM acted as P-glycoprotein (P-gp(5)) inhibitor, reduced the side effects of individual drugs by reducing the dose. The NPs were prepared by double emulsion (w/o/w) method. The optimized TOP-TAM NPs were found to have smooth and spherical morphology by using SEM(6) and TEM(7) technique. Similarly size of nanoparticles was found to be 151.2 ± 1.6 nm with 0.147 ± 0.03 polydispersity index (PDI(8)). The percentage entrapment efficiency of 95.17 ± 3.57 and 57.77 ± 2.2 was found for TAM and TOP respectively. The lyophillized nanoparticles under DSC(9) showed amorphous nature of both TOP and TAM. In an in vitro release study the release of drugs from TOP-TAM NPs was found to follow the Higuchi pattern. The ex vivo gut permeation study revealed that the TAM enhanced the permeation of TOP and increased its bioavailability by 1.9 folds. The permeation and activity of combination of drugs were further confirmed by carrying out cell line studies on MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Khuroo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India; Product Development Cell-II, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India; Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Gurgaon 122015, Haryana, India.
| | - Devina Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sushama Talegaonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Santwana Padhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Amulya K Panda
- Product Development Cell-II, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Development and validation of a sensitive LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of sinotecan and its active metabolite in human blood. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 951-952:62-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Li N, Song Y, Du P, Shen Y, Yang J, Gui L, Wang S, Wang J, Sun Y, Han X, Shi Y. Oral topotecan: Bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and impact of ABCG2 genotyping in Chinese patients with advanced cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2013; 67:801-6. [PMID: 24074809 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral topotecan (Hycamtin(®)) has been recently approved for the treatment of relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in 2007, however, the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic data of topotecan for Chinese patients is still limited. Xinze(®) is a new and the only capsule formulation of topotecan used in China that is similar to Hycamtin(®). The current study aimed to investigate the absolute bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of Xinze(®) in Chinese patients with advanced cancers. On day 1, an IV dose of 1.5 mg/m(2)/d as a 30 min continuous infusion was administered. Patients took the oral topotecan at one of two dose levels: 1.5 mg/m(2)/d (six patients) or 1.9 mg/m(2)/d (seven patients) on day 2. Plasma pharmacokinetics of total topotecan and topotecan in the lactone form were performed on both days using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in exon 5 (421C>A) and in exon 2 (34G>A) in ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2) were analyzed by direct sequencing. Safety assessments were performed throughout the study. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) reached at 1-2 h and the elimination half-life time (T1/2) was approximately 4.2 h after oral administration. The absolute bioavailability of total topotecan in the 1.5 mg/m(2)/d and 1.9 mg/m(2)/d groups averaged 41.23 ± 11.8% and 36.00 ± 14.8%, respectively. The patients with heterozygous SNPs had essentially the same bioavailability and pharmacokinetics. The bioavailability of topotecan after oral administration illustrates good systemic exposure at dosages of 1.5 mg/m(2)/d and 1.9 mg/m(2)/d over a five-day schedule in Chinese patients. On a dose-normalized basis, the values of Cmax and AUC0-t for total topotecan in Chinese patients were higher than in Caucasians following oral and intravenous administration, while the T1/2 was consistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, 17, Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, PR China
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