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Köhler I, Bivik-Eding C, Kasic N, Verma D, Enerbäck C. 388 The impact of the susceptibility gene NOS2 and its bioactive molecule Nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bhatia K, Columb M, Shelton C, Lie J, Leach S, Froud O, Verma D, Sturgess P, Sawyerr A, Desai J, Gould N, Kumari S, Sen U, Verma P, Kamath P, Koirala A, Kimber‐Craig S, Eccles J, Bewlay A, Eslam E, Radwan M, Hulgur M, Christian J, Aiyad A. Epidural labour analgesia rates during the
COVID
‐19 pandemic in the north‐west of England. Anaesthesia 2022; 77:1055-1056. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.15780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tappy E, Pan E, Wang A, Verma D, Brown L, Florian-Rodriguez M. Evaluation of linguistic differences by race in letters of recommendation for female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery fellowship applicants. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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4
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King R, Verma D. P.119 Time to improve maternity care by provision of 24-hour echocardiography services: A survey on ECHO services – Recommendation versus reality. Int J Obstet Anesth 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2021.103117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yadav AK, Verma D, Kumar A, Kumar P, Solanki PR. The perspectives of biomarker-based electrochemical immunosensors, artificial intelligence and the Internet of Medical Things toward COVID-19 diagnosis and management. Mater Today Chem 2021; 20:100443. [PMID: 33615086 PMCID: PMC7877231 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2021.100443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the COVID-19 an international health emergency due to the severity of infection progression, which became more severe due to its continuous spread globally and the unavailability of appropriate therapy and diagnostics systems. Thus, there is a need for efficient devices to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection at an early stage. Nowadays, the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique is being applied for detecting this virus around the globe; however, factors such as stringent expertise, long diagnostic times, invasive and painful screening, and high costs have restricted the use of RT-PCR methods for rapid diagnostics. Therefore, the development of cost-effective, portable, sensitive, prompt and selective sensing systems to detect SARS-CoV-2 in biofluids at fM/pM/nM concentrations would be a breakthrough in diagnostics. Immunosensors that show increased specificity and sensitivity are considerably fast and do not imply costly reagents or instruments, reducing the cost for COVID-19 detection. The current developments in immunosensors perhaps signify the most significant opportunity for a rapid assay to detect COVID-19, without the need of highly skilled professionals and specialized tools to interpret results. Artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) can also be equipped with this immunosensing approach to investigate useful networking through database management, sharing, and analytics to prevent and manage COVID-19. Herein, we represent the collective concepts of biomarker-based immunosensors along with AI and IoMT as smart sensing strategies with bioinformatics approach to monitor non-invasive early stage SARS-CoV-2 development, with fast point-of-care (POC) diagnostics as the crucial goal. This approach should be implemented quickly and verified practicality for clinical samples before being set in the present times for mass-diagnostic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Yadav
- Special Center for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - D Verma
- Special Center for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India
| | - A Kumar
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - P Kumar
- Sri Aurobindo College, Delhi University, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - P R Solanki
- Special Center for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
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Bhatia K, Columb M, Bewlay A, Eccles J, Hulgur M, Jayan N, Lie J, Verma D, Parikh R. The effect of COVID-19 on general anaesthesia rates for caesarean section. A cross-sectional analysis of six hospitals in the north-west of England. Anaesthesia 2020; 76:312-319. [PMID: 33073371 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
At the onset of the global pandemic of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2), guidelines recommended using regional anaesthesia for caesarean section in preference to general anaesthesia. National figures from the UK suggest that 8.75% of over 170,000 caesarean sections are performed under general anaesthetic. We explored whether general anaesthesia rates for caesarean section changed during the peak of the pandemic across six maternity units in the north-west of England. We analysed anaesthetic information for 2480 caesarean sections across six maternity units from 1 April to 1 July 2020 (during the pandemic) and compared this information with data from 2555 caesarean sections performed at the same hospitals over a similar period in 2019. Primary outcome was change in general anaesthesia rate for caesarean section. Secondary outcomes included overall caesarean section rates, obstetric indications for caesarean section and regional to general anaesthesia conversion rates. A significant reduction (7.7 to 3.7%, p < 0.0001) in general anaesthetic rates, risk ratio (95%CI) 0.50 (0.39-0.93), was noted across hospitals during the pandemic. Regional to general anaesthesia conversion rates reduced (1.7 to 0.8%, p = 0.012), risk ratio (95%CI) 0.50 (0.29-0.86). Obstetric indications for caesarean sections did not change (p = 0.17) while the overall caesarean section rate increased (28.3 to 29.7%), risk ratio (95%CI) 1.02 (1.00-1.04), p = 0.052. Our analysis shows that general anaesthesia rates for caesarean section declined during the peak of the pandemic. Anaesthetic decision-making, recommendations from anaesthetic guidelines and presence of an on-site anaesthetic consultant in the delivery suite seem to be the key factors that influenced this decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bhatia
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, University of Manchester, Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - M Columb
- Department of Anaesthesia, Peri-operative and Intensive Care Medicine, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Bewlay
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | - J Eccles
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Oldham Hospital, Oldham Care Organisation, Northern Care Alliance NHS Group, Oldham, UK
| | - M Hulgur
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - N Jayan
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
| | - J Lie
- Department of Anaesthesia, Burnley General Teaching Hospital, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn, UK
| | - D Verma
- Department of Anaesthesia, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Parikh
- Department of Anaesthesia, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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Anjum F, Zakir F, Verma D, Aqil M, Singh M, Jain P, Mirza MA, Anwer MK, Iqbal Z. Exploration of Nanoethosomal Transgel of Naproxen Sodium for the Treatment of Arthritis. Curr Drug Deliv 2020; 17:885-897. [PMID: 32713340 DOI: 10.2174/1567201817666200724170203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present work aimed to develop an ethosomal gel of naproxen sodium for the amelioration of rheumatoid arthritis. OBJECTIVE In the present work, we have explored the potential of ethosomes to deliver naproxen into deeper skin strata. Further, the anti-inflammatory efficacy of naproxen ethosomal formulation was assessed using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. METHODS Naproxen sodium nanoethosomes were prepared using different proportions of lipoid S100 (50mg-200mg), ethanol (20-50%) and water, and were further characterized on the basis of vesicle morphology, entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, in-vitro drug release and ex-vivo permeation studies. RESULTS The optimized ethosomal formulation was found to have 129 ± 0.01 nm particle size, 0.295 Polydispersity Index (PDI), -3.29 mV zeta potential, 88% entrapment efficiency and 96.573% drug release in 24 hours. TEM and SEM analysis of the optimized formulation showed slightly smooth spherical structures. The Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that ethosomes could easily infiltrate into deeper dermal layers (upto 104.9μm) whereas the hydroalcoholic solution of the drug could penetrate up to 74.9μm. Further, the optimized ethosomal formulation was incorporated into 1% carbopol 934 gel base and optimized wherein the transdermal flux was found to be approximately 10 times more than the hydroethanolic solution. Also, the in-vivo pharmacodynamic study of the optimized ethosomal gel exhibited a higher percentage inhibition of swelling paw edema than marketed diclofenac gel. CONCLUSION The ethosomal gel was successfully developed and has shown the potential to be a good option for the replacement of conventional therapies of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Anjum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nanoformulation Research Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Foziyah Zakir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nanoformulation Research Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Devina Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nanoformulation Research Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohd Aqil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nanoformulation Research Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Manvi Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nanoformulation Research Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Pooja Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nanoformulation Research Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohd Aamir Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nanoformulation Research Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj,11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nanoformulation Research Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
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Verma J, Verma D, Maria A. PCN37 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pembrolizumab Versus Nivolumab As the First-LINE Treatment for Advanced and Metastatic NON-SMALL CELL LUNG Cancer in France. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Singh M, Hassan N, Verma D, Thakur P, Panda BP, Panda AK, Sharma RK, Mirza A, Mansoor S, Alrokayan SH, Khan HA, Ahmad P, Iqbal Z. Design of expert guided investigation of native L-asparaginase encapsulated long-acting cross-linker-free poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoformulation in an Ehrlich ascites tumor model. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:719-728. [PMID: 32550804 PMCID: PMC7292879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Present study explores native L-asparaginase encapsulated long-acting cross-linker-free PLGA-nanoformulation in an Ehrlich ascites tumor model. L-asparaginase-PLGA nanoparticles for tumor were prepared using a double emulsion solvent evaporation technique, optimized and validated by Box-Behnken Design. L-ASN-PNs showed a particle size of 195 nm ± 0.2 nm and a PDI of 0.2. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) techniques revealed its smooth morphology and elicited an in-vitro release of 80% of the drug, following the Higuchi drug release model. In-vivo studies of L-ASN-PNs on an Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) model were completed and compared with the standard medication of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment. L-ASN-PN treated mice showed a 51.15% decrease in tumor volume and 100% survival rate with no reduction in body weight, no haemotoxicity and no hepatotoxicity, as evident from the hematological parameters, and liver enzyme parameters that were well within the prescribed limits. Chemotherapy has severe side effects and restricted therapeutic success. Henceforth, the purported L-Asparaginase PLGA nanoparticles are a suitable entity for better tumor regression, intra-tumor accumulation and no hematological side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manvi Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Delhi 110062, India
| | - Nazia Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Delhi 110062, India
| | - Devina Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Delhi 110062, India
| | - Pragya Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Delhi 110062, India
| | - Bibhu Prasad Panda
- Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Amulya Kumar Panda
- Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sharma
- Division of Radiopharmaceuticals and Radiation Biology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110 054, India
| | - Aamir Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Delhi 110062, India
| | | | - Salman H. Alrokayan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saudi University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haseeb A. Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saudi University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saudi University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Delhi 110062, India
- Corresponding author.
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Chandak RJ, Malhotra B, Bhargava S, Goel SK, Verma D, Tiwari J. Evaluation of MTBDR sl for detecting resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis to second-line drugs. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 23:1257-1262. [PMID: 31931908 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING: Patients with presumed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and undergoing MDR-TB treatment from Rajasthan, India.OBJECTIVE: To compare the GenoType® MTBDRsl v.1.0 (MTBDRsl) assay capacity to detect resistance to ofloxacin, amikacin, capreomycin, kanamycin and ethambutol in Mycobacterium tuberculosis with phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) using MGIT™960™ in sputum samples and isolates.DESIGN: Fifty-three smear-positive sputum samples were tested directly by MTBDRsl and 205 MDR-TB isolates were processed using MTBDRsl and DST for five drugs on MGIT960. DNA sequencing was performed in isolates with discordance in the results between the two methods for the gyrA, gyrB and rrs genes.RESULT: Sensitivity and specificity of MTBDRsl was found to be respectively 93.1% and 100% for fluoroquinoline, respectively 75-78% and 100% for aminoglycosides/cyclopeptides, respectively 70% and 92% for ethambutol and respectively 92.3% and 100% for extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB detection. On sequencing eight discordant isolates for quinolones, mutations were seen in 12.5% of the gyrB gene and among 20 discordant isolates for aminoglycosides/cyclopeptides in the rrs gene in 15% isolates. The turnaround time was 2 days for MTBDRsl vs. 10 days for MGIT960.CONCLUSIONS: MTBDRsl can be used as an initial rapid test for detecting XDR-TB, resistance to quinolones and aminogycosides/cyclopeptides in smear-positive sputum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Chandak
- Gobind Ballabh Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi
| | - B Malhotra
- Department of Microbiology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, India
| | - S Bhargava
- Department of Microbiology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, India
| | - S K Goel
- Department of Microbiology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, India
| | - D Verma
- Department of Microbiology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, India
| | - J Tiwari
- Department of Microbiology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, India
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Verma D, Bonora F, Walker R, Kaneshamoorthy M, Bafadhel L. 17 Improving Frailty Identification and Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) Completion on the Wards. Age Ageing 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz183.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) is known to deliver substantial and measurable health improvements to frail older people, including increased independence and a reduction in mortality.1 The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) can detect older adults at higher risk of complicated course and longer hospital stay.2 Despite the known benefits, previous audits has shown poor documentation on geriatric wards at Southend Hospital. Therefore, we devised a Quality Improvement Project to improve the uptake of both these.
Methods
A total of two Plan Do Study Act (PDSA) cycles were completed where CGA completion and CFS documentation was audited. Each cycle lasted two weeks (25 patients). Qualitative feedback was obtained from the members of multidisciplinary team to aid improvements. The baseline audit was based on the introduction of a 2-page ward proforma for all new patients. The first intervention was an improved 2-page ward-proforma. The second intervention was a single page ward-proforma.
Results
Originally, 40% of new patients admitted onto the ward had a CGA assessment and CFS score. After the first intervention, 79% (19) patients had a CFS score and a CGA assessment. 21% had a full CGA completed and 58% had partial CGA. Feedback included wanting a single page proforma to increase uptake. Questions needed to be more unambiguous and more tick boxes. After the second intervention 100% (25) patients had a CFS score and a CGA assessment. 40% (10) had a full CGA completed and 60% (15) had a partial CGA. Feedback include incorporating the ward round documentation to avoid repetition.
Conclusions
The results show that by using a focused, concise and user-friendly proforma, uptake of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and Clinical Frailty Scale can be significantly increased, bringing substantial and measurable health improvements to frail older people admitted to elderly care wards.
References
1. Welsh TJ, Gordon AL, Gladman JR. Int J Clin Pract. 2014;68(3):290–293.
2. Juma S, Taabazuing MM, Montero-Odasso M. Can Geriatr J. 2016;19(2):34–39.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Verma
- Southend University Hospital
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12
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Seibolt L, Verma D, Mulroy W, Loli A. P3730Left atrial appendage perimeter measurement by cardiac CT is superior to transesophageal echocardiography for Watchman device sizing. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Left atrial appendage occlusion with Watchman device traditionally relies on accurate left atrial appendage (LAA) ostium diameter measurement by 2D or 3D transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE). Alternate methods of ostium measurement including area-derived diameter and perimeter-derived diameter using cardiac computed tomography (CT) have been proposed.
Purpose
We aim to use CT technology with an advanced medical imaging application to measure LAA ostium perimeter for improved pre-procedural device sizing.
Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of 92 patients with atrial fibrillation (Afib) who underwent Watchman implantation with pre-procedural TEE and cardiac CT between May 2015 and December 2018. LAA characteristics including ostial or landing zone perimeter, minimum and maximum diameters were acquired utilizing 3mensio Structural Heart Imaging Program. Proposed Watchman device size was estimated utilizing ostium perimeter by CT and compared to the current standard utilizing ostium diameter by 2D-TEE. Both measurements were then compared to actual implanted Watchman device size which met the P.A.S.S. criteria of position, anchor, size and seal.
Results
Watchman device sizing based on novel LAA landing zone perimeter size by CT had a very high correlation with the actual implanted Watchman size (Pearson coefficient r=0.94, p<0.001). Traditional TEE based Watchman sizing only had a modest correlation with the implanted Watchman size (Pearson coefficient r=0.66, p<0.001). CT predicted Watchman size had a significantly higher agreement compared to current standard TEE based sizing (93.4% vs 47.8%), inter-rater agreement was very high for CT based Watchman sizing compared to current standard TEE based sizing (Cohen's kappa = 0.91 vs Cohen's kappa = 0.32, p<0.001, p<0.001 respectively). Bland-Altman analysis also showed better correlation with CT based sizing compared to TEE (see Figure 1).
Figure 1
Conclusion
CT LAA perimeter sizing is superior to the current standard TEE based Watchman sizing. Larger, multi-center studies may be necessary to further validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Seibolt
- Banner University Medical Center - Phoenix, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - D Verma
- Banner University Medical Center - Phoenix, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - W Mulroy
- Biltmore Cardiology, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - A Loli
- Banner University Medical Center - Phoenix, Phoenix, United States of America
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Thornby J, Verma D, Cochrane R, Westwood A, Manakari VB, Gupta M, Haghshenas M. Indentation-based characterization of creep and hardness behavior of magnesium carbon nanotube nanocomposites at room temperature. SN Appl Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0696-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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14
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Verma D, Bivik Eding C, Enerback C. 293 Altered methylation of microRNA (miRNA) in the psoriatic epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Ashukem M, Madrigal C, Karikari V, Kobayashi A, Verma D, Loli A. P26493D multislice comparing computed Tomography (MSCT) Vs transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for preprocedural evaluation of left atrial appendage (LAA) and WATCHMAN device sizing. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Ashukem
- University of Arizona-Phoenix/Banner University Medical Center, Cardiology, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - C Madrigal
- University of Arizona-Phoenix/Banner University Medical Center, Cardiology, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - V Karikari
- University of Arizona-Phoenix/Banner University Medical Center, Cardiology, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - A Kobayashi
- University of Arizona-Phoenix/Banner University Medical Center, Cardiology, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - D Verma
- University of Arizona-Phoenix/Banner University Medical Center, Cardiology, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - A Loli
- University of Arizona-Phoenix/Banner University Medical Center, Cardiology, Phoenix, United States of America
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Enerbäck C, Sandin C, Lambert S, Zawistowski M, Stuart PE, Verma D, Tsoi LC, Nair RP, Johnston A, Elder JT. The psoriasis-protective TYK2 I684S variant impairs IL-12 stimulated pSTAT4 response in skin-homing CD4+ and CD8+ memory T-cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7043. [PMID: 29728633 PMCID: PMC5935702 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) belongs to the Janus kinase (JAK) family of tyrosine kinases, which transmit signals from activated cytokine receptors. GWAS have consistently implicated TYK2 in psoriasis susceptibility. We performed an in-depth association analysis of TYK2 using GWAS and resequencing data. Strong genetic association of three nonsynonymous variants in the exonic regions of the TYK2 gene (rs34536443, rs12720356, and rs2304256) were found. rs12720356 encoding I684S is predicted to be deleterious based on its location in the pseudokinase domain. We analyzed PBMCs from 29 individuals representing the haplotypes containing each of the significantly associated signals. STAT4 phosphorylation was evaluated by phospho-flow cytometry after CD3/CD28 activation of cells followed by IL-12 stimulation. Individuals carrying the protective I684S variant manifested significantly reduced p-STAT4 levels in CD4 + CD25 + CD45RO+ (mean Stimulation Index (S.I.) 48.08, n = 10) and CD8 + CD25 + CD45RO + cells (S.I. 55.71, n = 10), compared to controls homozygous for the ancestral haplotype (S.I. 68.19, n = 10 (p = 0.002) and 76.76 n = 10 (p = 0.0008) respectively). Reduced p-STAT4 levels were also observed in skin-homing, cutaneous lymphocyte associated antigen (CLA)-positive CD4 and CD8 cells from I684S carriers. No significant changes in p-STAT4 for the psoriasis-associated variant rs34536443 was found. These data establish the functional significance of the TYK2 I684S variant in psoriasis susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Enerbäck
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Ingrid Asp Psoriasis Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - C Sandin
- Ingrid Asp Psoriasis Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - S Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - M Zawistowski
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - P E Stuart
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - D Verma
- Ingrid Asp Psoriasis Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - L C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - R P Nair
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - A Johnston
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J T Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Padhi S, Kapoor R, Verma D, Panda AK, Iqbal Z. Formulation and optimization of topotecan nanoparticles: In vitro characterization, cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and pharmacokinetic outcomes. J Photochem Photobiol B 2018; 183:222-232. [PMID: 29729631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The study focuses on widening up the therapeutic perspective of anti-cancer therapy by entrapping a hydrophilic anticancer drug, topotecan hydrochloride (TOPO) in biodegradable poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) matrix to form topotecan nanoparticles (TOPO NPs) by a double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. Statistical optimization using Box-Behnken design showed that sonication time of primary emulsion for 120 s, drug: polymer ratio of 1:12.65, organic phase: external aqueous phase ratio of 1:2.82 and 0.5% w/v of polyvinyl alcohol in the drug containing phase produced TOPO NPs with a size of 243.2 ± 4 nm and an entrapment efficiency of 60.9 ± 2.2%. TOPO NPs illustrated sustained release of TOPO for a week in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at simulating physiological (pH 7.4) and acidic tumor microenvironmental (pH 6.5) conditions. A dramatic increase in cellular uptake with a corresponding enhanced cytotoxic potency was also displayed by TOPO NPs against human ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3) over time as compared to native drug, TOPO. These findings were further supported by the enhancement of bioavailability (13.05 fold) conferred by TOPO NPs from the in vivo pharmacokinetic study. The study represents a logistic approach for formulating TOPO NPs which can be used as an effective drug delivery system for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santwana Padhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; Product Development Cell-II, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rohit Kapoor
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Devina Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Amulya K Panda
- Product Development Cell-II, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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18
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Kuemmerle-Deschner JB, Verma D, Endres T, Broderick L, de Jesus AA, Hofer F, Blank N, Krause K, Rietschel C, Horneff G, Aksentijevich I, Lohse P, Goldbach-Mansky R, Hoffman HM, Benseler SM. Clinical and Molecular Phenotypes of Low-Penetrance Variants of NLRP3: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 69:2233-2240. [PMID: 28692792 DOI: 10.1002/art.40208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) result from gain-of-function mutations in the NLRP3 gene, which causes excessive release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and systemic inflammation. While pathogenetic NLRP3 variant phenotypes are well-characterized, low-penetrance NLRP3 variants represent a significant clinical challenge. The aims of this study were to determine the clinical phenotype, the in vitro biologic phenotype, and the effect of anti-IL-1 treatment in patients with low-penetrance NLRP3 variants. METHODS A multicenter study of consecutive symptomatic patients with low-penetrance NLRP3 variants recruited from 7 centers between May 2012 and May 2013 was performed. The observed findings were transferred into a study database, from which they were extracted for analysis. Controls were patients with a known pathogenetic NLRP3 variant. Clinical presentation and CAPS markers of inflammation were captured. Functional assays of inflammasome activation, including caspase 1 activity, NF-κB release, cell death, and IL-1β release, were performed. Treatment effects of IL-1 were determined. Comparisons between low-penetrance and pathogenetic NLRP3 variants were performed. RESULTS The study included 45 patients, 21 of which were female (47%); 26 of the patients (58%) were children. NLRP3 low-penetrance variants identified in the patients were Q703K (n = 19), R488K (n = 6), and V198M (n = 20). In the controls, 28 had pathogenetic NLRP3 variants. Patients with low-penetrance NLRP3 variants had significantly more fever (76%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (73%); eye disease, hearing loss, and renal involvement were less common. Functional inflammasome testing identified an intermediate phenotype in low-penetrance NLRP3 variants as compared to wild-type and pathogenetic NLRP3 variants. All treated patients responded to IL-1 inhibition, with complete response documented in 50% of patients. CONCLUSION Patients with low-penetrance NLRP3 variants display a distinct clinical phenotype and an intermediate biologic phenotype, including IL-1β and non-IL-1β-mediated inflammatory pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Verma
- Rady Children's Hospital and University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - T Endres
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - L Broderick
- Rady Children's Hospital and University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - A A de Jesus
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - F Hofer
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - N Blank
- Universitaetsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Krause
- Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Rietschel
- Clementine-Kinderhospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - G Horneff
- Asklepios-Klinik Sankt Augustin, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - I Aksentijevich
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - P Lohse
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Human Genetics, Singen, Germany
| | | | - H M Hoffman
- Rady Children's Hospital and University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - S M Benseler
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany, and Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Sultan M, Flores E, Verma D, Argarwal S, Rayyan E, Loli A, Cherukuri M. 5000Incidence and current management of left ventricular assist device thrombus. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.5000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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20
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Singh S, Verma D, Mirza MA, Das AK, dudeja M, Anwer MK, Sultana Y, Talegaonkar S, Iqbal Z. Development and optimization of ketoconazole loaded nano-transfersomal gel for vaginal delivery using Box-Behnken design: In vitro , ex vivo characterization and antimicrobial evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Bisht D, Verma D, Mirza MA, Anwer MK, Iqbal Z. Development of ethosomal gel of ranolazine for improved topical delivery: In vitro and ex vivo evaluation. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.11.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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23
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Grogono DM, Bryant JM, Rodriguez-Rincon D, Everall I, Brown KP, Moreno P, Verma D, Hill E, Drijkoningen J, Haworth CS, Harris SR, Ordway D, Parkhill J, Floto RA. T4 Global spread of mycobacterium abscessus clones amongst cystic fibrosis patient. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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24
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Verma D, Hörmer B, Bellmann-Sickert K, Thieme V, Beck-Sickinger AG, Herzog H, Sperk G, Tasan RO. Pancreatic polypeptide and its central Y4 receptors are essential for cued fear extinction and permanent suppression of fear. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:1925-38. [PMID: 26844810 PMCID: PMC4882497 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Avoiding danger and finding food are closely related behaviours that are essential for surviving in a natural environment. Growing evidence supports an important role of gut‐brain peptides in modulating energy homeostasis and emotional‐affective behaviour. For instance, postprandial release of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) reduced food intake and altered stress‐induced motor activity and anxiety by activating central Y4 receptors. Experimental approach We characterized [K30(PEG2)]hPP2‐36 as long‐acting Y4 receptor agonist and injected it peripherally into wildtype and Y4 receptor knockout (Y4KO) C57Bl/6NCrl mice to investigate the role of Y4 receptors in fear conditioning. Extinction and relapse after extinction was measured by spontaneous recovery and renewal. Key results The Y4KO mice showed impaired cued and context fear extinction without affecting acquisition, consolidation or recall of fear. Correspondingly, peripheral injection of [K30(PEG2)]hPP2‐36 facilitated extinction learning upon fasting, an effect that was long‐lasting and generalized. Furthermore, peripherally applied [K30(PEG2)]hPP2‐36 before extinction inhibited the activation of orexin‐expressing neurons in the lateral hypothalamus in WT, but not in Y4KO mice. Conclusions and implications Our findings suggests suppression of excessive arousal as a possible mechanism for the extinction‐promoting effect of central Y4 receptors and provide strong evidence that fear extinction requires integration of vegetative stimuli with cortical and subcortical information, a process crucially depending on Y4 receptors. Importantly, in the lateral hypothalamus two peptide systems, PP and orexin, interact to generate an emotional response adapted to the current homeostatic state. Detailed investigations of feeding‐relevant genes may thus deliver multiple intervention points for treating anxiety‐related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Hörmer
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - V Thieme
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - H Herzog
- Neuroscience Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - G Sperk
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R O Tasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
Efficient drug delivery at vaginal cavity is often a challenge owing to its peculiar physiological variations including vast differences in pH. Keeping in view this attribute of the target site, the current work was aimed at developing formulation strategies which could overcome this and successfully deliver molecules like itraconazole through SLNs. Optimized SLNs with the given composition was selected for further development into mucoadhesive and thermosensitive gel. Stearic acid and Compritol 888 (1:1, w/w ratio) as lipid, a mixture of 3% Poloxomer 188 and 0.5% sodium taurocholate as surfactant and organic to aqueous ratio of 10:50 was taken. Carbopol 934 and Pluronic F 127 were taken for the development of gel. Optimized gel exhibited a desired gelling temperature (35 °C); viscosity (0.920 PaS) and appreciable in vitro drug release (62.2% in 20 h). MTT assay did not show any cytotoxic effect of the gel. When evaluated in vivo, it did not exhibit any irritation potential despite appreciable bioadhesion. A remarkable decrease in CFUs was also observed in comparison with control and marketed formulation when evaluated in rat infection model. Thus, the proposed study defines the challenges for developing a suitable formulation system overcoming the delivery barriers of the vaginal site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Aamir Mirza
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India
| | - Amulya K Panda
- b Product Development Cell , National Institute of Immunology , New Delhi , India
| | - S Asif
- c Laboratory of Chemical Glycobiology , National Institute of Immunology , New Delhi , India
| | - Devina Verma
- c Laboratory of Chemical Glycobiology , National Institute of Immunology , New Delhi , India
| | - Sushama Talegaonkar
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India
| | - Nikhat Manzoor
- d Department of Biosciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India , and
| | - Amber Khan
- d Department of Biosciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India , and
| | - Farhan Jalees Ahmed
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India
| | - Mridu Dudeja
- e Department of Microbiology , Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India
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Tasan RO, Verma D, Wood J, Lach G, Hörmer B, de Lima TCM, Herzog H, Sperk G. The role of Neuropeptide Y in fear conditioning and extinction. Neuropeptides 2016; 55:111-26. [PMID: 26444585 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
While anxiety disorders are the brain disorders with the highest prevalence and constitute a major burden for society, a considerable number of affected people are still treated insufficiently. Thus, in an attempt to identify potential new anxiolytic drug targets, neuropeptides have gained considerable attention in recent years. Compared to classical neurotransmitters they often have a regionally restricted distribution and may bind to several distinct receptor subtypes. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a highly conserved neuropeptide that is specifically concentrated in limbic brain areas and signals via at least 5 different G-protein-coupled receptors. It is involved in a variety of physiological processes including the modulation of emotional-affective behaviors. An anxiolytic and stress-reducing property of NPY is supported by many preclinical studies. Whether NPY may also interact with processing of learned fear and fear extinction is comparatively unknown. However, this has considerable relevance since pathological, inappropriate and generalized fear expression and impaired fear extinction are hallmarks of human post-traumatic stress disorder and a major reason for its treatment-resistance. Recent evidence from different laboratories emphasizes a fear-reducing role of NPY, predominantly mediated by exogenous NPY acting on Y1 receptors. Since a reduction of fear expression was also observed in Y1 receptor knockout mice, other Y receptors may be equally important. By acting on Y2 receptors, NPY promotes fear extinction and generates a long-term suppression of fear, two important preconditions that could support cognitive behavioral therapies in human patients. A similar effect has been demonstrated for the closely related pancreatic polypeptide (PP) when acting on Y4 receptors. Preliminary evidence suggests that NPY modulates fear in particular by activation of Y1 and Y2 receptors in the basolateral and central amygdala, respectively. In the basolateral amygdala, NPY signaling activates inhibitory G protein-coupled inwardly-rectifying potassium channels or suppresses hyperpolarization-induced I(h) currents in a Y1 receptor-dependent fashion, favoring a general suppression of neuronal activity. A more complex situation has been described for the central extended amygdala, where NPY reduces the frequency of inhibitory and excitatory postsynaptic currents. In particular the inhibition of long-range central amygdala output neurons may result in a Y2 receptor-dependent suppression of fear. The role of NPY in processes of learned fear and fear extinction is, however, only beginning to emerge, and multiple questions regarding the relevance of endogenous NPY and different receptor subtypes remain elusive. Y2 receptors may be of particular interest for future studies, since they are the most prominent Y receptor subtype in the human brain and thus among the most promising therapeutic drug targets when translating preclinical evidence to potential new therapies for human anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- R O Tasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - D Verma
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - J Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Lach
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Capes Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, 70040-020 Brasília/DF, Brazil
| | - B Hörmer
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T C M de Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88049-970 Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - H Herzog
- Neuroscience Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - G Sperk
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Padhi S, Mirza MA, Verma D, Khuroo T, Panda AK, Talegaonkar S, Khar RK, Iqbal Z. Revisiting the nanoformulation design approach for effective delivery of topotecan in its stable form: an appraisal of its in vitro Behavior and tumor amelioration potential. Drug Deliv 2015; 23:2827-2837. [PMID: 26548664 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1105323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Topotecan (TPT) is indicated against a variety of solid tumors, but has restricted clinical use owing to associated pharmaceutical caveats. This study is focused at formulating a successful TPT PLGA nanosystem which ameliorates the rapid conversion of active lactone form of drug to its inactive carboxylate form and consequently improvises its efficacy. TPT PLGA nanoparticles were formulated by a double emulsion-solvent evaporation technique with sequential optimization to obtain desired particle size, PDI, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. Stability of TPT was ensured by maintaining an acidic pH in the drug-containing phase and the system was evaluated for in vitro-in vivo performance including cytotoxic potency. The optimized nanosystem had a particle size of 187.33 ± 7.50 nm, a PDI of 0.179 ± 0.05, and an entrapment efficiency of 56 ± 1.2%. Low pH in the interior of nanoparticles stabilized the drug to remain in its active lactone form and revealed a biphasic release pattern till 15 d. Additionally, an in vitro cytotoxicity testing as well as in vivo antitumor efficacy demonstrated a significant potential of higher proliferation inhibition as compared with neat drug (TPT). Thus, the investigation summarized an innovative simple tool for developing stable TPT NPs for effective delivery for treating solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santwana Padhi
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Faculty of pharmacy Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India.,b Product Development Cell-II, National Institute of Immunology , New Delhi , India
| | | | - Devina Verma
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Faculty of pharmacy Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India
| | - Tahir Khuroo
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Faculty of pharmacy Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India
| | - Amulya K Panda
- b Product Development Cell-II, National Institute of Immunology , New Delhi , India
| | - Sushama Talegaonkar
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Faculty of pharmacy Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India
| | | | - Zeenat Iqbal
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Faculty of pharmacy Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India
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Wood J, Verma D, Lach G, Bonaventure P, Herzog H, Sperk G, Tasan RO. Structure and function of the amygdaloid NPY system: NPY Y2 receptors regulate excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in the centromedial amygdala. Brain Struct Funct 2015; 221:3373-91. [PMID: 26365505 PMCID: PMC4696156 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-015-1107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The amygdala is essential for generating emotional-affective behaviors. It consists of several nuclei with highly selective, elaborate functions. In particular, the central extended amygdala, consisting of the central amygdala (CEA) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is an essential component actively controlling efferent connections to downstream effectors like hypothalamus and brain stem. Both, CEA and BNST contain high amounts of different neuropeptides that significantly contribute to synaptic transmission. Among these, neuropeptide Y (NPY) has emerged as an important anxiolytic and fear-reducing neuromodulator. Here, we characterized the expression, connectivity and electrophysiological function of NPY and Y2 receptors within the CEA. We identified several NPY-expressing neuronal populations, including somatostatin- and calretinin-expressing neurons. Furthermore, in the main intercalated nucleus, NPY is expressed primarily in dopamine D1 receptor-expressing neurons but also in interspersed somatostatin-expressing neurons. Interestingly, NPY neurons did not co-localize with the Y2 receptor. Retrograde tract tracing experiments revealed that NPY neurons reciprocally connect the CEA and BNST. Functionally, the Y2 receptor agonist PYY3-36, reduced both, inhibitory as well as excitatory synaptic transmission in the centromedial amygdala (CEm). However, we also provide evidence that lack of NPY or Y2 receptors results in increased GABA release specifically at inhibitory synapses in the CEm. Taken together, our findings suggest that NPY expressed by distinct populations of neurons can modulate afferent and efferent projections of the CEA via presynaptic Y2 receptors located at inhibitory and excitatory synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Strasse 1a, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Strasse 1a, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Institute of Physiology I (Neurophysiology), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Munster, Germany
| | - G Lach
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Strasse 1a, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Capes Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF, 70040-020, Brazil
| | - P Bonaventure
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - H Herzog
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - G Sperk
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Strasse 1a, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R O Tasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Strasse 1a, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Verma D, Wood J, Lach G, Mietzsch M, Weger S, Heilbronn R, Herzog H, Bonaventure P, Sperk G, Tasan RO. NPY Y2 receptors in the central amygdala reduce cued but not contextual fear. Neuropharmacology 2015; 99:665-74. [PMID: 26314208 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The amygdala is fundamental for associative fear and extinction learning. Recently, also the central nucleus of the amygdala (CEA) has emerged as a site of plasticity actively controlling efferent connections to downstream effector brain areas. Although synaptic transmission is primarily mediated by glutamate and GABA, neuropeptides critically influence the overall response. While neuropeptide Y (NPY) acting via postsynaptic Y1 receptors exerts an important anxiolytic and fear-reducing action, the role of the predominantly presynaptic Y2 receptors is less defined. To investigate the role of Y2 receptors in the CEA we employed viral-vector mediated over-expression of the Y2 selective agonist NPY3-36 in fear conditioning and extinction experiments. NPY3-36 over-expression in the CEA resulted in reduced fear expression during fear acquisition and recall. Interestingly, this effect was blocked by intraperitoneal injection of a brain-penetrant Y2 receptor antagonist. Furthermore, over-expression of NPY3-36 in the CEA also reduced fear expression during fear extinction of CS-induced but not context-related fear. Again, fear extinction appeared delayed by peripheral injection of a Y2 receptor antagonist JNJ-31020028. Importantly, mice with over-expression of NPY3-36 in the CEA also displayed reduced spontaneous recovery and reinstatement, suggesting that Y2 receptor activation supports a permanent suppression of fear. Local deletion of Y2 receptors in the CEA, on the other hand, increased the expression of CS-induced freezing during fear recall and fear extinction. Thus, NPY inhibits fear learning and promotes cued extinction by reducing fear expression also via activation of presynaptic Y2 receptors on CEA neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Lach
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Capes Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, 70040-020 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - M Mietzsch
- Institute of Virology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Weger
- Institute of Virology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - R Heilbronn
- Institute of Virology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - H Herzog
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - P Bonaventure
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - G Sperk
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R O Tasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Soni
- Laboratory Oncology unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Chopra
- Laboratory Oncology unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - S Bakhshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Vishwanath
- Laboratory Oncology unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - D Verma
- Laboratory Oncology unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Rai
- Laboratory Oncology unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Kumar
- Laboratory Oncology unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Verma D, Khuroo T, Talegaonkar S, Iqbal Z. Nanopotentiated combination cancer therapy: Chemotherapeutic and chemosensitizer (2C approach). Med Hypotheses 2015; 84:580-2. [PMID: 25792105 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An insight into the complex cancer pathophysiology reveals that a dependable amelioration of the disease could only be envisaged with a multipronged treatment approach. It is highly evident that singular chemotherapeutic agents used in clinical practice have shown limitations like severe side effects, MDR and are often associated with poor QOL while combinations of drugs have yielded better therapeutic outcomes. The current hypothesis takes it a step forward wherein a chemotherapeutic agent is combined with a natural chemosensitizer, both loaded into a nanopotentiated particulate system, which would eventually deliver the drug cargo at the target site with certitude. The encapsulated natural bioactive would then favorably act on the tumor milieu through multiple portals and chemosensibilize the cells towards cytotoxic action of the synthetic drug moiety. This 2C (chemotherapeutic and chemosensitizer) approach along with nanosystem's attributes like high payload, prolonged action and diminished side effects would proffer a more dependable treatment modality. In conclusion, the proposed system would be a value addition to the currently available armamentarium of cancer treatment tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devina Verma
- Dept of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Tahir Khuroo
- Dept of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sushama Talegaonkar
- Dept of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Dept of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Ekman AK, Verma D, Fredrikson M, Bivik C, Enerbäck C. Genetic variations of NLRP1: susceptibility in psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:1517-20. [PMID: 24909542 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NACHT, LRR and PYD domain-containing protein (NLRP)1 is part of the inflammasome multiprotein complex involved in the production of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, two cytokines strongly implicated in psoriasis pathogenesis. Genetic variations in NLRP1 are associated with a predisposition for chronic inflammatory conditions. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate the role of genetic variation in the NLRP1 inflammasome in psoriasis susceptibility. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs6502867, rs8079034, rs878329 and rs12150220) were investigated by TaqMan allelic discrimination in a patient sample comprising 1847 individuals from 478 families and 802 healthy controls. RESULTS Using the transmission disequilibrium test, a significant increase in the transmission of the NLRP1 rs8079034C and rs878329C alleles to patients with psoriasis was demonstrated (P = 0·006 and P = 0·033, respectively). Furthermore, homozygosity for the rs878329C allele correlated with a younger age of onset. We also observed an increase in the expression of NLRP1 mRNA in the peripheral blood cells of patients with psoriasis. This was accompanied by a higher level of circulating IL-18 and appeared to be associated with the rs878329C allele. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the involvement of NLRP1 and the NLRP1 inflammasome in psoriasis susceptibility and further support the role of innate immunity in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-K Ekman
- Ingrid Asp Psoriasis Research Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85, Linköping, Sweden
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Kiran S, Verma D. Evaluation of gabapentin in attenuating pressor response to direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/22201173.2008.10872576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Khuroo T, Verma D, Talegaonkar S, Padhi S, Panda AK, Iqbal Z. Topotecan-tamoxifen duple PLGA polymeric nanoparticles: investigation of in vitro, in vivo and cellular uptake potential. Int J Pharm 2014; 473:384-94. [PMID: 25051112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The dual drug loaded poly(dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA(1)) nanoparticles (TOP-TAM NPs(2)) concurrently delivering topotecan hydrochloride (TOP(3)) and tamoxifen citrate (TAM(4)) were developed to achieve synergism for the treatment of breast cancer by enhancing the permeation of TOP through the gut and the cells present in the breast. TAM acted as P-glycoprotein (P-gp(5)) inhibitor, reduced the side effects of individual drugs by reducing the dose. The NPs were prepared by double emulsion (w/o/w) method. The optimized TOP-TAM NPs were found to have smooth and spherical morphology by using SEM(6) and TEM(7) technique. Similarly size of nanoparticles was found to be 151.2 ± 1.6 nm with 0.147 ± 0.03 polydispersity index (PDI(8)). The percentage entrapment efficiency of 95.17 ± 3.57 and 57.77 ± 2.2 was found for TAM and TOP respectively. The lyophillized nanoparticles under DSC(9) showed amorphous nature of both TOP and TAM. In an in vitro release study the release of drugs from TOP-TAM NPs was found to follow the Higuchi pattern. The ex vivo gut permeation study revealed that the TAM enhanced the permeation of TOP and increased its bioavailability by 1.9 folds. The permeation and activity of combination of drugs were further confirmed by carrying out cell line studies on MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Khuroo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India; Product Development Cell-II, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India; Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Gurgaon 122015, Haryana, India.
| | - Devina Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sushama Talegaonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Santwana Padhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Amulya K Panda
- Product Development Cell-II, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Karmakar A, Maitra S, Verma D, Chakraborti B, Goswami R, Ghosh P, Sinha S, Mohanakumar KP, Usha R, Mukhopadhyay K. Potential contribution of monoamine oxidase a gene variants in ADHD and behavioral co-morbidities: scenario in eastern Indian probands. Neurochem Res 2014; 39:843-52. [PMID: 24652311 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-014-1276-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most frequently diagnosed behavioral disorder in children with a high frequency of co-morbid conditions like conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). These traits are controlled by neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine. Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), a mitochondrial enzyme involved in the degradation of amines, has been reported to be associated with aggression, impulsivity, depression, and mood changes. We hypothesized that MAOA can have a potential role in ADHD associated CD/ODD and analyzed 24 markers in a group of Indo-Caucasoid subjects. ADHD probands and controls (N = 150 each) matched for ethnicity and gender were recruited following the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders-IV. Appropriate scales were used for measuring CD and ODD traits. Markers were genotyped by PCR-based methods and data obtained analyzed using the Cocaphase program under UNPHASED. Only eight markers were found to be polymorphic. rs6323 "G" allele showed higher frequencies in ADHD (P = 0.0023), ADHD + CD (P = 0.03) and ADHD + ODD (P = 0.01) as compared to controls. Haplotype analysis revealed statistically significant difference for three haplotypes in ADHD cases (P < 0.02). Statistically significant differences were also noticed for haplotypes in ADHD + CD and ADHD + ODD cases (P < 0.01). LD analysis showed significant variation in different groups. Multidimensionality reduction analysis showed independent as well as interactive effects of markers. Genotypes showed correlation with behavioral problems in ADHD and ADHD + CD. We interpret that MAOA gene variants may contribute to the etiology of ADHD as well as associated co-morbid CD and ODD in this ethnic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karmakar
- Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, 482, Madudah, Plot I-24, Sec.-J, E.M. Bypass, Kolkata, 700107, India
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Anand R, Sharma DR, Verma D, Bhalla A, Gill KD, Singh S. Mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes, catalase and markers of oxidative stress in platelets of patients with severe aluminum phosphide poisoning. Hum Exp Toxicol 2013; 32:807-816. [PMID: 23821638 DOI: 10.1177/0960327112468909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum phosphide (ALP), a widely used fumigant and rodenticide, leads to high mortality if ingested. Its toxicity is due to phosphine that is liberated when it comes in contact with moisture. The exact site or mechanism of action of phosphine is not known, although it is widely believed that it affects mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Basic serum biochemical parameters, activity of mitochondrial complexes, antioxidant enzymes and parameters of oxidative stress were estimated in the platelets of 21 patients who developed severe poisoning following ALP ingestion. These parameters were compared with 32 healthy controls and with 22 patients with shock due to other causes (cardiogenic shock (11), septic shock (9) and hemorrhagic shock (2)). The serum levels of creatine kinase-muscle brain and lactate dehydrogenase were higher in patients poisoned with ALP, whereas a significant decrease was observed in the activities of mitochondrial complexes I, II and IV. The activity of catalase was lower but the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were unaffected in them. A significant increase in lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation was observed, whereas total blood thiol levels were lower. In patients severely poisoned with ALP, not only cytochrome c oxidase but also other complexes are involved in mitochondrial electron transport, and enzymes are also inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Anand
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Kastbom A, Klingberg E, Verma D, Carlsten H, Forsblad-d’Elia H, Wesamaa J, Cedergren J, Eriksson P, Söderkvist P. Genetic variants inCARD8but not inNLRP3are associated with ankylosing spondylitis. Scand J Rheumatol 2013; 42:465-8. [DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2013.779020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and its receptors have been implicated in the control of emotional-affective processing, but the mechanism is unclear. While it is increasingly evident that stimulation of Y₁ and inhibition of Y₂ receptors produce prominent anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, the contribution of the individual NPY receptor subtypes in the acquisition and extinction of learned fear are unknown. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Here we performed Pavlovian fear conditioning and extinction in NPY knockout (KO) and in NPY receptor KO mice. KEY RESULTS NPY KO mice display a dramatically accelerated acquisition of conditioned fear. Deletion of Y₁ receptors revealed only a moderately accelerated acquisition of conditioned fear, while lack of Y₂ receptors was without any effect on fear learning. However, the strong phenotype seen in NPY KO mice was reproduced in mice lacking both Y₁ and Y₂ receptors. In addition, NPY KO mice showed excessive recall of conditioned fear and impaired fear extinction. This behaviour was replicated only after deletion of both Y₁ and Y₂ receptors. In Y₁ receptor single KO mice, fear extinction was delayed and was unchanged in Y₂ receptor KO mice. Deletion of NPY and particularly Y₂ receptors resulted in a generalization of conditioned fear. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our data demonstrate that NPY delays the acquisition, reduces the expression of conditioned fear while promoting fear extinction. Although these effects appear to be primarily mediated by Y₁ receptors, the pronounced phenotype of Y₁Y₂ receptor double KO mice suggests a synergistic role of Y₂ receptors in fear acquisition and in fear extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
Metastatic tuberculous abscesses and gummas are unusual forms of cutaneous tuberculosis. They result from haematogeneous spread of the mycobacterium from a primary focus during a period of impaired immunity. A 5-year-old boy is reported who presented with spinal tuberculosis and bilateral subcutaneous swelling of the cheeks owing to tuberculous gummas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shukla
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
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Luong NV, Kroll M, Faderl S, Yang D, Zalpour A, Nguyen KT, Verma D, Borthakur G, Kantarjian H, Vu KD. Venothromboembolism (VTE) in patients (pts) with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.9154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- D Verma
- Division of Gastroenterology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Santos FP, Qiao W, Cortes JE, Jones D, Ravandi F, Verma D, Kantarjian H, Borthakur G. Prognostic value of FLT3 mutations among different cytogenetic subgroups in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.7015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7015 Background: Mutations of the FLT3 gene (in special internal tandem duplication -ITD) are common in normal karyotype AML (NK-AML) and are associated with shorter relapse free and overall survival (OS). The frequency of FLT3 mutations is lower in other cytogenetic subgroups and the impact on outcome is unclear. Methods: The records of patients (pts) with newly diagnosed AML (from 2003 to 2007) were reviewed. Pts were divided among three cytogenetic subgroups: Good-risk (t(8;21), Inv(16)/t(16;16)) Intermediate-Risk (Diploid,-Y) and Poor Risk (-5,-7, 11q abnormalities). FLT3 ITD and tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutations were determined on baseline DNA samples by a PCR based method with 1% sensitivity. Since the frequencies of FLT3 mutations were lower in good- and poor-risk subgroups, ITD/TKD mutations were considered together in the analysis, while in the intermediate risk group they were analyzed separately. Survival curves stratified by FLT3 mutation were estimated by Kaplan Meier plots and compared by logrank test. A Cox model was fit for OS, and non-significant variables were eliminated in a step-down fashion with a p- value cut-off of p = .10. Results: A total of 481 pts were included (65 pts=good risk, 272 pts=intermediate risk and 144 pts= poor risk). Prevalence of FLT3 mutations is shown in the Table. No difference was found in median OS between FLT3-mutated and FLT3- wild type pts in the good risk group (not reached (NR) vs NR, P = 0.57) nor in the poor risk group (55 vs 24 weeks, P = 0.44). In intermediate risk, OS was worse in FLT3-ITD positive pts (33 vs 89 weeks, P < 0.0001) but not in FLT3-TKD positive pts (77 vs 70 weeks, P = 0.89). In the Cox model, FLT3 mutations were prognostic for OS only in intermediate risk pts with FLT3-ITD (HR 2.63, P < 0.0001). Conclusions: In our cohort of pts, FLT3 mutations did not have a prognostic impact in AML with good and poor risk karyotype. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. P. Santos
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - W. Qiao
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J. E. Cortes
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - D. Jones
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - F. Ravandi
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - D. Verma
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - H. Kantarjian
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - G. Borthakur
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Verma D, Kantarjian H, Jones D, Borthakur G, Garcia-Manero G, Thomas DA, Verstovsek S, Rios M, Cortes J. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with e1a2 BCR-ABL fusion transcript type: Analysis of characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic significance. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.7030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7030 Background: The most common BCR-ABL fusion transcripts in CML are e13a2 (b2a2) and e14a2 (b3a2). Rarely, other transcripts like e1a2 are seen. Currently, there is no published series of data on efficacy of imatinib or other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in CML with e1a2. Methods: We analyzed records of 1,292 CML patients treated with TKI at our institution between January 2000 and November 2008. Results: 14 CML patients with e1a2 transcripts were identified, 9 in chronic phase (CP), 1 in accelerated phase (AP), and 4 in blast phase (BP). Median age at diagnosis was 60 (range 28–86) years, median follow-up 39.5 (range 2–109) months. Of the 9 in CP, 3 received interferon and then imatinib after interferon failure, 6 received TKI as first-line therapy (5 imatinib, 1 nilotinib): 5 achieved CHR only, 1 CCyR, 1 MCyR, 1 PCyR, and 1 did not respond to imatinib. 5 patients (2 post-interferon failure - 1 in CHR, 1 in PCyR; 3 frontline imatinib - 1 in CHR, 1 in CCyR, 1 non-responder) progressed to advanced phases (3 myeloid BP, 1 lymphoid BP, 1 AP) at a median 48 (range 4–92) months after CML diagnosis; with only 1 alive and in CMR after allogeneic SCT. AP patient received various TKIs sequentially and achieved only CHR with disappearance of clonal evolution. BP patients received Hyper-CVAD+imatinib/dasatinib or idarubicin+Ara-C; 2 did not respond, 1 had CCyR lasting 12 months with Hyper-CVAD+Imatinib and 1 had CMR after allogeneic SCT lasting 2 months. In all 14 patients, cytogenetic responses lasted 1–9 months before being lost and none (except 2) achieved MMR or CMR on imatinib or other TKI therapy. Six patients (5 CP, 1 AP) were alive at a median 39 (range 2–85) months after initial diagnosis: 4 with CHR (2 on imatinib, 1 nilotinib, 1 bosutinib), 1 with MCyR on imatinib, and 1 with CMR after allogeneic SCT. Conclusions: CML with e1a2 BCR-ABL fusion transcripts is rare and is associated with an inferior outcome to therapy with TKI, with responses being usually short-lived. These patients need to be identified as high-risk patients and monitored closely for efficacy during therapy with TKI. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Verma
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - D. Jones
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | - M. Rios
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J. Cortes
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Bhutani MS, Ahmed I, Verma D, Xiao SY, Brining D. An animal model for studying endoscopic ultrasound changes of early chronic pancreatitis with histologic correlation: a pilot study. Endoscopy 2009; 41:352-6. [PMID: 19340741 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1214492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Due to the difficulty in obtaining pancreatic tissue for histology in humans, we developed an animal model for studying endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) changes of early chronic pancreatitis. This report on the animal model describes the serial changes of early chronic pancreatitis by EUS and correlates results with histology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four 60 - 80-lb dogs were used in the study. Pancreatic EUS was performed to provide baseline images prior to any procedure. At laparotomy, a guide wire was passed into the pancreatic duct, and a 5-Fr pancreatic stent was introduced over the wire into the pancreatic duct. Animals were divided into two survival groups - 2 weeks and 4 weeks. In each group, EUS examination was performed under anesthesia to image the pancreas and then followed by euthanasia. Sequential pancreatic sections were taken from the head, body, and tail of the pancreas. EUS findings were correlated with histologic results with respect to degree of fibrosis, inflammation, and edema. RESULTS At baseline EUS, the pancreas appeared homogeneous with only a few echogenic septations and echogenic margins of the main pancreatic duct. At 2 and 4 weeks poststenting, EUS images showed the following changes: lobularity, hyper and hypoechoic foci, increased echogenic septations, visible pancreatic duct side branches, and irregular margins of the main pancreatic duct. CONCLUSIONS The dog model for chronic pancreatitis appears to be a promising method for studying sequential changes of chronic pancreatitis by EUS and correlating results with histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Bhutani
- Center for Endoscopic Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.
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Singh P, Bapat U, Verma D. 194. Opiate Adjuncts in Spinal Anaesthesia for Caesarean Section - a Comparitive Study of Existing Practice in Two Hospitals in the U.K. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1136/rapm-00115550-200809001-00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kastbom A, Verma D, Eriksson P, Skogh T, Wingren G, Soderkvist P. Genetic variation in proteins of the cryopyrin inflammasome influences susceptibility and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (The Swedish TIRA project). Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007; 47:415-7. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Blatter BM, Heinrich J, Anema JR, Van der Beek AJ, Plato N, Shannon HS, Norman GR, Riklik L, Chung D, Verma D, Breslin FC, Smith P, Dunn JR, Koopmans PC, Roelen CAM, Groothoff JW, Ashley-Martin J, Van Leeuwen J, Guernsey J, Cribb A, Andreou P, Lavoue J, Droz PO, Cui J, Abramson M, de Klerk N, Dennekamp M, Monaco AD, Benke G, Musk B, Sim M. Methods and interventions. Occup Environ Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1136/oem.64.12.e25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Verma D, Jain JP. An Almost Unbiased Correlation Estimator of Heritability. Biom J 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/bimj.4710320506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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