1
|
Xiao T, Yang L, Yang F, Nie G, Jin X, Peng X, Zhong X, Wang J, Lu Y, Zheng Y. Traceability of chemicals from Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook. f. in raw honey and the potential synergistic effects of honey on acute toxicity induced by celastrol and triptolide. Food Chem 2024; 447:139044. [PMID: 38513481 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The object of this study was to trace TwHf-derived toxins in raw honey and clarify their acute toxic effect related to the addition of honey or sugars. TwHf flowers, raw honey from TwHf planting base and from beekeepers in high-risk area were detected using LC-MS/MS. The results revealed five target toxins were detected in TwHf flowers; only celastrol was detected in one raw honey sample, as a food safety risk factor, celastrol had been traced back to TwHf flowers from raw honey. In a series of acute toxic tests on zebrafish, toxification effects were observed when honey, mimic honey or sugar was mixed with toxins. The degree of toxicity varied among various sugar-based solutions. At the same mass concentration, they follow this order: raw honey/mimic honey > glucose > fructose. The main toxic target organs of triptolide and celastrol with honey were the heart and liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xiao
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China; College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Li Yang
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China; College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Guang Nie
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China; College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiue Jin
- Hubei Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xiaoying Peng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhong
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Hubei Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Ying Lu
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China; College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Yajie Zheng
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China; College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang H, Lu J, Liu H, Guan L, Xu S, Wang Z, Qiu Y, Liu H, Peng L, Men X. Ajugol enhances TFEB-mediated lysosome biogenesis and lipophagy to alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Pharmacol Res 2021; 174:105964. [PMID: 34732369 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lipophagy is the autophagic degradation of lipid droplets. Dysregulated lipophagy has been implicated in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Ajugol is an active alkaloid isolated from the root of Rehmannia glutinosa which is commonly used to treat various inflammatory and metabolic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ajugol on alleviating hepatic steatosis and sought to determine whether its potential mechanism via the key lysosome-mediated process of lipophagy. Our findings showed that ajugol significantly improved high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in mice and inhibited palmitate-induced lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Further analysis found that hepatic steatosis promoted the expression of LC3-II, an autophagosome marker, but led to autophagic flux blockade due to a lack of lysosomes. Ajugol also enhanced lysosomal biogenesis and promoted the fusion of autophagosome and lysosome to improve impaired autophagic flux and hepatosteatosis. Mechanistically, ajugol inactivated mammalian target of rapamycin and induced nuclear translocation of the transcription factor EB (TFEB), an essential regulator of lysosomal biogenesis. siRNA-mediated knockdown of TFEB significantly abrogated ajugol-induced lysosomal biogenesis as well as autophagosome-lysosome fusion and lipophagy. We conclude that lysosomal deficit is a critical mediator of hepatic steatosis, and ajugol may alleviate NAFLD via promoting the TFEB-mediated autophagy-lysosomal pathway and lipophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian District, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Junfeng Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lingling Guan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shiqing Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zai Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Honglin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xiuli Men
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian District, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Balazs E, Galik-Olah Z, Galik B, Somogyvari F, Kalman J, Datki Z. External modulation of Rotimer exudate secretion in monogonant rotifers. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 220:112399. [PMID: 34091187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Rotimer, a rotifer-specific biopolymer, is an exogenic bioactive exudate secreted by different monogonant species (e.g. Euchlanis dilatata or Lecane bulla). The production of this viscoelastic biomolecule is induced by different micro-particles, thereby forming a special Rotimer-Inductor Conglomerate (RIC) in a web format. In this case, the water insoluble Carmine crystals, filtered to size (max. diameter was 50 µm), functioned as an inductor. The RIC production is an adequate empirical indicator to follow up this filamentous biopolymer secretion experientially; moreover, this procedure is very sensitive to the environmental factors (temperature, pH, metals and possible natural pollutant agents). The above mentioned species show completely different reactions to these factors, except to the presence of calcium and to the modulating effects of different drugs. One of the novelties of this work is that the Rotimer secretion and consequently, the RIC-formation is a mutually obligatory and evolutionary calcium-dependent process in the concerned monogonants. This in vivo procedure needs calcium, both for the physiology of animals and for fiber formation, particularly in the latter case. The conglomerate covered area (%) and the detection of the longest filament (mm) of the given RIC were the generally and simultaneously applied methods in the current modulating experiments. Exploring the regulatory (e.g. calcium-dependency) and stimulating (e.g. Lucidril effect) possibilities of biopolymer secretion are the basis for optimizing the RIC-production capacities of these micro-metazoans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelin Balazs
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Vasas Szent Peter u. 1-3, H-6724 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zita Galik-Olah
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Vasas Szent Peter u. 1-3, H-6724 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bence Galik
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Bioinformatics and Sequencing Core Facility, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjusag u. 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, ul.Jana Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ferenc Somogyvari
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Dóm square 10, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Janos Kalman
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Vasas Szent Peter u. 1-3, H-6724 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Datki
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Vasas Szent Peter u. 1-3, H-6724 Szeged, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Datki Z, Acs E, Balazs E, Sovany T, Csoka I, Zsuga K, Kalman J, Galik-Olah Z. Exogenic production of bioactive filamentous biopolymer by monogonant rotifers. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 208:111666. [PMID: 33396176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The chemical ecology of rotifers has been little studied. A yet unknown property is presented within some monogonant rotifers, namely the ability to produce an exogenic filamentous biopolymer, named 'Rotimer'. This rotifer-specific viscoelastic fiber was observed in six different freshwater monogonants (Euchlanis dilatata, Lecane bulla, Lepadella patella, Itura aurita, Colurella adriatica and Trichocerca iernis) in exception of four species. Induction of Rotimer secretion can only be achieved by mechanically irritating rotifer ciliate with administering different types (yeast cell skeleton, denatured BSA, epoxy, Carmine or urea crystals and micro-cellulose) and sizes (approx. from 2.5 to 50 µm diameter) of inert particles, as inductors or visualization by adhering particles. The thickness of this Rotimer is 33 ± 3 nm, detected by scanning electron microscope. This material has two structural formations (fiber or gluelike) in nano dimension. The existence of the novel adherent natural product becomes visible by forming a 'Rotimer-Inductor Conglomerate' (RIC) web structure within a few minutes. The RIC-producing capacity of animals, depends on viability, is significantly modified according to physiological- (depletion), drug- (toxin or stimulator) and environmental (temperature, salt content and pH) effects. The E. dilatata-produced RIC is affected by protein disruptors but is resistant to several chemical influences and its Rotimer component has an overwhelming cell (algae, yeast and human neuroblastoma) motility inhibitory effect, associated with low toxicity. This biopolymer-secretion-capacity is protective of rotifers against human-type beta-amyloid aggregates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Datki
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Vasas Szent Peter u. 1-3, H-6724 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Eva Acs
- Danube Research Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina ut 29-31, H-1113 Budapest, Hungary; National University of Public Service, Faculty of Water Sciences, 6500 Baja, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky utca 12-14., Hungary
| | - Evelin Balazs
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Vasas Szent Peter u. 1-3, H-6724 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamas Sovany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacology, University of Szeged, Eotvos u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ildiko Csoka
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacology, University of Szeged, Eotvos u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Janos Kalman
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Vasas Szent Peter u. 1-3, H-6724 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zita Galik-Olah
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Vasas Szent Peter u. 1-3, H-6724 Szeged, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kee JY, Han YH, Mun JG, Um JY, Hong SH. Pharmacological effect of prohibited combination pair Panax ginseng and Veratrum nigrum on colorectal metastasis in vitro and in vivo. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 220:177-187. [PMID: 29601980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The pharmacological effect derived from herb-herb interaction is important to constitute the prescription especially in traditional oriental medicine. The relationship of two medicinal herbs is called "couplet medicinals" which is used in pair for the purpose of enhancing the therapeutic effect, reducing the toxic effect or the adverse effect. The "Eighteen Incompatible Medicaments" constitute one of the contents in the incompatibility of traditional oriental drugs in a prescription. Among the "Eighteen Incompatible Medicaments", the roots and rhizomes of Veratrum nigrum (VN), is incompatible with the roots and rhizomes of Panax ginseng (PG). However, definite evidences of adverse effect by these combinations has yet to be reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of ethanol extracts of PG, VN, and their combination (P + V) on the metastatic ability of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells using WST assay, flow cytometry, western blot analysis, real-time RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, migration assay, invasion assay, zymography, and an in vivo experiment with a lung-metastasis mouse model. RESULTS The PG extract decreased cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of CRC cells. In addition, PG inhibited metastatic abilities of CRC cells including Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, migration, and invasion. Additionally, the PG extract suppressed lung metastasis of the CRC cells in the mouse model. However, the P + V extract exhibited weaker anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects than PG alone. CONCLUSION Based on these results, the P + V couplet medicinal attenuates the anti-metastatic effects of PG, both in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ye Kee
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo-Han Han
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Geon Mun
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Heon Hong
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Deng X, Zheng LP, Mu ZQ, Lai R, Niu GP, Tu LP, Zhu D, Liu YQ. The inhibitory effect of Aconiti Sinomontani Radix extracts on the proliferation and migration of human synovial fibroblast cell line SW982. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 213:321-327. [PMID: 29191397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aconiti Sinomontani Radix is frequently used in the treatment of Bi syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine. Several reports indicate that Aconiti Sinomontani Radix has therapeutic effects for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the cellular mode of action is still unclear. To investigate the effect of alkaloid extracts of Aconiti Sinomontani Radix on proliferation and migration of human synovial sarcoma SW982 cells as well as the molecular mechanism underlying. MATERIALS AND METHODS SW982 cells were examined for proliferation by a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Wound scratch assays were performed to assess the migrated rate of SW982 cells. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of Wnt5a, Runx2, MMP3, and Bmp2. Western blotting was used to measure the phosphorylated levels of JNK and NF-κB as well as the expression of MMP3. RESULTS The alkaloid extract from Aconiti Sinomontani Radix (MQA) and MQB, which removed lappaconitine from MQA significantly inhibited the proliferation of SW982 in a dose-dependent manner. The proliferation inhibitory effect of MQB was more potent. Incubation with 10μg/ml MQB for 12, 24, and 36h inhibited the migration of SW982 cells by 83%, 58%, and 42%, respectively. Treatment with different concentrations of MQB for 24h inhibited mRNA expression of Wnt5a, Runx2, and MMP3, but Bmp2 mRNA expression was elevated by MQB. Further, MQB inhibited phosphorylation of JNK and NF-κB p65 as well as MMP3 expression by Western blotting analysis. CONCLUSION The results showed that MQB inhibited proliferation and migration of SW982 cells possibly through suppressing Wnt5a-mediated JNK and NF-κB pathways. These results indicated that MQB might be an active extract of Aconiti Sinomontani Radix for targeting fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and be potential for RA therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Deng
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lu-Ping Zheng
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhen-Qiang Mu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Chongqin 643000, China
| | - Rui Lai
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Guo-Ping Niu
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Liang-Ping Tu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Chongqin 643000, China
| | - Di Zhu
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Liu
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang W, Cai Q, Zhou F, Liu J, Jin X, Ni P, Lu M, Wang G, Zhang J. Impaired pentose phosphate pathway in the development of 3D MCF-7 cells mediated intracellular redox disturbance and multi-cellular resistance without drug induction. Redox Biol 2017; 15:253-265. [PMID: 29291545 PMCID: PMC5752090 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although metabolic reprogramming and redox imbalance are widely reported to be involved in chemo-resistance in cancer treatment, much more attention was paid to anti-cancer drug induced effect. Our previous studies showed that cancer cells can develop P-gp overexpression-mediated intrinsic drug resistance in the formation of 3D MCF-7 multi-cellular layers (MCLs) without any drug induction. However, whether metabolic reprogramming and redox imbalance functioned during this progress remained unrevealed. In our present study, LC-Q/TOF-MS and GC-MS were used in combination for analysing intracellular metabolites. The contribution of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and its related redox status were checked by chemical interfering and silencing/over-expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). The downstream products of G6PD were assayed by quantitative real-time PCR, western blot and flow cytometry. Results showed that not only G6PD expression but also G6PD activity was significantly lowered along with 3D MCF-7 cells culture time. Impaired PPP disturbed redox-cycling, generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), which triggered cell cycle arrest and caused the switch to Chk2/p53/NF-κB pathway-mediated P-gp induction. Our results provided a new attempt to associate intrinsic small molecule metabolites (impaired PPP) communicating with cell signalling pathways through disturbed intracellular redox status to elucidate multi-cellular resistance (MCR) in 3D MCF-7 cells, which improved the understanding of the mechanisms of P-gp up-regulation in MCR with metabolomic and related redox status support. Impaired pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in the development of 3D MCF-7 cells. PPP mediated intracellular redox disturbance and multi-cellular resistance (MCR). P-gp up-regulation in MCR with metabolomics and related redox status support. Intrinsic small molecule metabolites communicating with cell signalling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingyun Cai
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoliang Jin
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Ni
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Lu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kurdi A, Cleenewerck M, Vangestel C, Lyssens S, Declercq W, Timmermans JP, Stroobants S, Augustyns K, De Meyer GRY, Van Der Veken P, Martinet W. ATG4B inhibitors with a benzotropolone core structure block autophagy and augment efficiency of chemotherapy in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28642033 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.06.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a cell survival mechanism hijacked by advanced tumors to endure a rough microenvironment. Late autophagy inhibitors such as (hydroxy)chloroquine have been used clinically to halt tumor progression with modest success. However, given the toxic nature of these compounds and their lack of specificity, novel targets should be considered. We recently identified a benzotropolone derivative that significantly inhibited the essential autophagy protein ATG4B. Therefore, we synthesized and tested additional benzotropolone compounds to identify a promising ATG4B inhibitor that impairs autophagy both in vitro and in vivo. A compound library containing 27 molecules with a benzotropolone backbone was synthesized and screened for inhibition of recombinant ATG4B. Depending on the benzotropolone compound, inhibition of recombinant ATG4B ranged from 3 to 82%. Active compounds were evaluated in cellular assays to confirm inhibition of ATG4B and suppression of autophagy. Seven compounds inhibited processing of the autophagy protein LC3 and autophagosome formation. Compound UAMC-2526 was selected for further in vivo use because of its fair plasma stability. This compound abolished autophagy both in nutrient-deprived GFP-LC3 mice and in CD1-/- Foxn1nu mice bearing HT29 colorectal tumor xenografts. Moreover, addition of UAMC-2526 to the chemotherapy drug oxaliplatin significantly improved inhibition of tumor growth. Our data indicate that suppression of autophagy via ATG4B inhibition is a feasible strategy to augment existing chemotherapy efficacy and to halt tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Kurdi
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Matthias Cleenewerck
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (UAMC), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christel Vangestel
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp (MICA), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sophie Lyssens
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (UAMC), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Declercq
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sigrid Stroobants
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp (MICA), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Koen Augustyns
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (UAMC), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Guido R Y De Meyer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pieter Van Der Veken
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (UAMC), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Martinet
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Morita M, Naito Y, Niki E, Yoshikawa T. Antioxidant action of fermented grain food supplement: Scavenging of peroxyl radicals and inhibition of plasma lipid oxidation induced by multiple oxidants. Food Chem 2017; 237:574-580. [PMID: 28764037 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Unregulated oxidative modification of biological molecules induced by multiple oxidants in vivo has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Accordingly, the role of antioxidants contained in foods in the maintenance of health and prevention of diseases has received much attention. The efficacy of antioxidants against oxidative stress depends on the nature of oxidants. In the present study, the antioxidant action of fermented grain food supplement, Antioxidant Biofactor (AOB), for scavenging peroxyl radical and inhibition of plasma lipid oxidation induced by multiple oxidants was measured. The antioxidant efficacy against lipid oxidation was assessed by the level of lipid hydroperoxides produced using diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine, which is not fluorescent per se but reacts with lipid hydroperoxides stoichiometrically to yield highly fluorescent diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine oxide. AOB acted as a potent peroxyl radical scavenger and suppressed lipid oxidation induced by peroxyl radical, peroxynitrite, hypochlorite, and singlet oxygen, but not by 15-lipoxygenase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Morita
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; Department of Gastrointestinal Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Etsuo Niki
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology, Health Research Institute, Takamatsu 761-0395, Japan.
| | - Toshikazu Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen F, Qin X, Xu G, Gou S, Jin X. Reversal of cisplatin resistance in human gastric cancer cells by a wogonin-conjugated Pt(IV) prodrug via attenuating Casein Kinase 2-mediated Nuclear Factor-κB pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 135:50-68. [PMID: 28288821 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pt(IV) prodrugs, with two additional coordination sites in contrast to Pt(II) drugs, have been actively studied nowadays, for they can perform well in enhancing the accumulation and retention of the corresponding Pt(II) drugs in cancer cells. Our designed Pt(II) drug, DN604, was recently found to exhibit significant anticancer activity and low toxicity, while, wogonin, a naturally O-methylated flavones, has been widely investigated for its tumor therapeutic potential. Thus, two Pt(IV)-based prodrugs were derived by addition of a wogonin unit to the axial position of DN604 and its analogue DN603 via a linker group. In vitro cytotoxicity assay indicated that the resulting compound 8 not only inherited the genotoxicity of DN604 on gastric cancer cells, but also obtained the COX inhibitory property arising from wogonin. Further studies revealed that compound 8 caused the accumulation of ROS production and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). The CK2α kinase activity assay, ChIP and luciferase assays showed that CK2 plays an important role in the blockade of compound 8 on activated NF-κB survival pathways, which were established for sensitivity of cancer cells to platinum drugs. Similarly in vivo, in nude mice with SGC-7901/cDDP xenografts, compound 8 improved the effectiveness of DN604 via reversing tumor resistance and maintaining low toxicity. Overall, compound 8 is a promising Pt(IV) prodrug, which could be used to promote the anticancer activity of its counterpart Pt(II) species and reverse drug resistance via attenuating CK2-mediated NF-κB pathways during platinum-based chemotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feihong Chen
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Xiaodong Qin
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Shaohua Gou
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Xiufeng Jin
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li D, Chen J, Ye J, Zhai X, Song J, Jiang C, Wang J, Zhang H, Jia X, Zhu F. Anti-inflammatory effect of the six compounds isolated from Nauclea officinalis Pierrc ex Pitard, and molecular mechanism of strictosamide via suppressing the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 196:66-74. [PMID: 27989509 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nauclea officinalis Pierrc ex Pitard. is a Chinese medicinal herb that contains high level of alkaloids which is the most abundant and active constituent. Strictosamide isolated from Nauclea officinalis Pierrc ex Pitard. showed significant effects on inflammatory response, compared with pumiloside, 3-epi-pumiloside, vincosamide, 3α,5α-tetrahydrodeoxycordifoline lactam and naucleamide A-10-O-β-D-glucopyranoside of this plant. AIM OF STUDY we investigated the biological activities of the six compounds mentioned-above, and the underlying molecular mechanism exerted by the most potent one, strictosamide. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of strictosamide and other five compounds on the inhibitory activity of nitric oxide (NO) were screened by Griess test. The contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in media were detected by using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) kits. The effects on the mRNA expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), TNF-α and IL-1β of strictosamide were further investigated by RT-qPCR. Western blot assay was conducted to illustrate the effects of strictosamide on iNOS and phosphorylation of p65, inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB)-α, IκB-kinase (IKK)-α as well as p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p-c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p-p38 in the protein levels. RESULTS Strictosamide potently suppressed the productions of NO, TNF-α and IL-1β in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages, and it dose-dependently alleviated the LPS-simulated protein level of iNOS as well as the mRNA expressions of iNOS, TNF-α and IL-1β. In addition, molecular data revealed that strictosamide markedly decreased the expressions of p-p65, p-IκBα and p-IKKα. Furthermore, strictosamide significantly attenuated LPS-induced the phosphorylation of p38, ERK and JNK. CONCLUSIONS At present study, the results indicated that the anti-inflammatory activity of strictosamide was associated with the restraint of NO, TNF-α and IL-1β via negative regulation of both NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- DongYu Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - JiaQuan Chen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - JiQing Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - XiaoTing Zhai
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jie Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - CuiHua Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - XiaoBin Jia
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - FenXia Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhai XT, Chen JQ, Jiang CH, Song J, Li DY, Zhang H, Jia XB, Tan W, Wang SX, Yang Y, Zhu FX. Corydalis bungeana Turcz. attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory responses via the suppression of NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 194:153-161. [PMID: 27616027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Corydalis bungeana Turcz. (C. bungeana) is one of traditionally used medicines in China and possesses various biological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial activity and inhibition of the immune function of the host. AIM OF THE STUDY we studied the anti-inflammatory effect and molecular mechanism involved of C. bungeana both in vitro and in vivo model system in which the inflammatory response was induced by LPS treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory activity of C. bungeana was investigated by LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and BALB/c mice. The production and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by Griess reagent, ELISA kits and RT-qPCR, respectively. Phosphorylation status of IκBα and p65 was illustrated by western blot assay. RESULTS C. bungeana reduced the secretion of NO, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β through inhibiting the protein expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in vitro and in vivo. Western blot analysis suggested that C. bungeana supressed NF-κB activation via regulating the phosphorylation of IκBα and p65. Immunohistochemical assay also demostrated the histological inflammatory change in liver tissue. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that C. bungeana supresses the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway through inhibiting phosphorylation of IκBα and p65, which results in good anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, C. bungeana attenuates inflammatory reaction by supressing the expression of various inflammatory cytokines both in vivo and in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ting Zhai
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jia-Quan Chen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Cui-Hua Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Jie Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Dong-Yu Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Xiao-Bin Jia
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Wei Tan
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Shu-Xia Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Fen-Xia Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shao YX, Xu XX, Li YY, Qi XM, Wang K, Wu YG, Meng XM. Paeoniflorin inhibits high glucose-induced macrophage activation through TLR2-dependent signal pathways. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 193:377-386. [PMID: 27566204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Paeoniflorin(PF), extracted from the root peeled of Paeonia lactiflora Pall(Family: Ranunculaceae), has therapeutic potential in many animal models of inflammatory diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY Although the anti-inflammatory efficacy of PF has been well illustrated in several animal models, whether it could attenuate diabetic nephropathy and detailed mechanisms are still obscure. Till now, accumulating evidence has proposed the pivotal role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in renal inflammation in diabetic patients. In this setting, the current study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanism of PF on high glucose-induced activation of toll like-receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling in macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) were isolated from male Tlr2tm1kir (TLR2-/-) mice and wild-type littermates (C57BL/6JWT). The level of TLR2 and activation of downstream signaling were evaluated in response to 30mmol/L high glucose (HG)-containing medium. Macrophages behaviors, which include cell viability, migration and inflammatory cytokines production, were also determined. RESULTS PF suppressed HG-induced production of TLR2, activation of downstream signaling and synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). PF could further inhibit MyD88-dependent pathway in HG-induced models in which TLR2 was knocked out. Moreover, deletion of TLR2 inhibited the HG-induced activation of MyD88-dependent pathway, but not TIR domain containing adapter inducing interferon-β (Trif) signal pathway in BMDMs. As HG stimulation polarizes macrophages into M1 phenotype, treatment of PF or knockout of TLR2 significantly reduces M1 markers on the membrane of macrophages. Additionally, levels of inflammatory cytokines and iNOS were remarkably reduced in response to PF or TLR2 deficiency. CONCLUSION Collectively, these data demonstrated that HG activated macrophages primarily through TLR2-dependent mechanisms which aggravated the severity of renal inflammation and eventually contributed to DN. Additionally, PF might be applied as a potential therapeutic agent in the battle against progressive DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Xia Shao
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xin-Xing Xu
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiang-Ming Qi
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yong-Gui Wu
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Han SN, Jing Y, Yang LL, Zhang Z, Zhang LR. Propofol inhibits hERG K + channels and enhances the inhibition effects on its mutations in HEK293 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 791:168-178. [PMID: 27575519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
QT interval prolongation, a potential risk for arrhythmias, may result from gene polymorphisms relevant to cardiomyocyte repolarization. Another noted cause of QT interval prolongation is the administration of chemical compounds such as anesthetics, which may affect a specific type of cardiac K+ channel encoded by the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG). hERG K+ current was recorded using whole-cell patch clamp in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells expressing wild type (WT) or mutated hERG channels. Expression of hERG K+ channel proteins was evaluated using western blot and confirmed by fluorescent staining and imaging. Computational modeling was adopted to identify the possible binding site(s) of propofol with hERG K+ channels. Propofol had a significant inhibitory effect on WT hERG K+ currents in a concentration-dependent manner, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 60.9±6.4μM. Mutations in drug-binding sites (Y652A or F656C) of the hERG channel were found to attenuate hERG current blockage by propofol. However, propofol did not inhibit the trafficking of hERG protein to the cell membrane. Meanwhile, for the three selective hERG K+ channel mutant heterozygotes WT/Q738X-hERG, WT/A422T-hERG, and WT/H562P-hERG, the IC50 of propofol was calculated as 14.2±2.8μM, 3.3±1.2μM, and 5.9±1.9μM, respectively, which were much lower than that for the wild type. These findings indicate that propofol may potentially increase QT interval prolongation risk in patients via direct inhibition of the hERG K+ channel, especially in those with other concurrent triggering factors such as hERG gene mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Na Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ying Jing
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lin-Lin Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular & Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science in Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Li-Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang Y, Wang D, Zhang L, Ye F, Li M, Wen K. Role of JAK-STAT pathway in reducing cardiomyocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation injury induced by S1P postconditioning. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 784:129-36. [PMID: 27215146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was designed to explore the protection of sphingosine1-phosphate (S1P) postconditioning on rat myocardial cells injured by hypoxia/reoxygenation acting via the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signal pathway. The data showed that S1P could significantly increase cell viability, lower the rate of apoptosis, decrease the content of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and caspase3 activity in the culture medium, increase the activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), reduce the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the fluorescence intensity of intracellular calcium, as well as increase the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 in comparison with the H/R group. When the JAK inhibitor AG490 or the STAT inhibitor stattic were added, the effects of S1P were inhibited. Our date shows that S1P protects H9c2 cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury and that the protection by S1P was inhibited by AG490 and stattic. Therefore S1P protects H9c2 cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury via the JAK-STAT pathway.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhai XT, Zhang ZY, Jiang CH, Chen JQ, Ye JQ, Jia XB, Yang Y, Ni Q, Wang SX, Song J, Zhu FX. Nauclea officinalis inhibits inflammation in LPS-mediated RAW 264.7 macrophages by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 183:159-165. [PMID: 26806575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nauclea officinalis has been traditionally used in China for the treatment of fever, pneumonia and enteritidis etc. This study aims to investigate effects of N. officinalis on the inflammatory response as well as the possible molecular mechanism in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory activity of N. officinalis (10, 20, 50, and 100µg/mL) was investigated by using LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. The NO production was determined by assaying nitrite in culture supernatants with the Griess reagent. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in culture media were measured with ELISA kits. Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR was detected for mRNA expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Western blot assay was performed to illustrate the inhibitory effects of N. officinalis on phosphorylation of IκB-α and NF-κB p65. RESULTS Treatment with N. officinalis (10-100µg/mL) dose-dependently inhibited the production as well as mRNA expression of NO, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Western blot assay suggested that the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect was associated with the inhibition of phosphorylation of IκB-α and NF-κB p65. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that N. officinalis potentially inhibited the activation of upstream mediator NF-κB signaling pathway via suppressing phosphorylation of IκB-α and NF-κB p65 to inhibit LPS-stimulated inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ting Zhai
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, PR China
| | - Cui-Hua Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Jia-Quan Chen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Ji-Qing Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xiao-Bin Jia
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Qian Ni
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Shu-Xia Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Jie Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Fen-Xia Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang X, Sun Y, Zhao Y, Ding Y, Zhang X, Kong L, Li Z, Guo Q, Zhao L. Oroxyloside prevents dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in mice by inhibiting NF-κB pathway through PPARγ activation. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 106:70-81. [PMID: 26947454 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Oroxyloside, as a metabolite of oroxylin A, may harbor various beneficial bioactivities which have rarely been reported in the previous studies. Here we established the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis and evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of oroxyloside in vivo. As a result, oroxyloside attenuated DSS-induced body weight loss, colon length shortening and colonic pathological damage. Furthermore, oroxyloside inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities as well. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum and colon was also significantly reduced by oroxyloside. We unraveled the underlying mechanisms that oroxyloside inhibited NF-κB pathway by activating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) to attenuate DSS-induced colitis. Moreover, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanisms of oroxyloside in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 and bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM). Oroxyloside decreased several LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in RAW264.7 and BMDM. We also found that oroxyloside inhibited LPS-induced activation of NF-κB signaling pathway via activating PPARγ in RAW 264.7 and BMDM. Docking study showed that oroxyloside could bind with PPARγ. GW9662, the inhibitor of PPARγ, and PPARγ siRNA transfection blocked the effect of oroxyloside on PPARγ activation. Our study suggested that oroxyloside prevented DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting NF-κB pathway through PPARγ activation. Therefore, oroxyloside may be a promising and effective agent for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Youxiang Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Huang B, Cheng JK, Wu CY, Chen PH, Tu PS, Fu YS, Wu CH. Camptothecin promotes the production of nitric oxide that triggers subsequent S-nitrosoproteome-mediated signaling cascades in endothelial cells. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 90:27-35. [PMID: 26239883 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) has been used for colorectal cancer therapy. At low concentration of 10-9M, CPT modulates endothelial nitric oxide production following the phosphorylation of LKB1 Ser431, AMPK-α Thr172, eNOS Ser633 and Ser1177. Elevated nitric oxide (NO) was observed by FA-OMe fluorescent probe. 726 S-nitrosoproteins were identified by iTRAQ quantitative proteomics. IPA analysis indicated that ERK/MAPK was closely linked in the signaling network. Further studies showed that CPT phosphorylated p38 MAPK Thr180/Tyr182 and dephosphorylated Tau Ser199/202. CPT also suppressed the TNF-α-induced expression of the inflammasome and cyclooxygenase 2. All this suggests that in addition to the original character of CPT in attenuating the binding of topoisomerase I and DNA in cancer cells, the role of CPT in triggering NO production and the subsequent S-nitrosylated signaling including anti-inflammatory effects in endothelial cells are proposed here. CPT, therefore, provides a potential application addition in preventing vascular disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Kun Cheng
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan; MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei 11260, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yi Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ho Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Po-Shu Tu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yaw-Syan Fu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Hsing Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; Center for General Education, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 83347, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sun Y, Zhao Y, Yao J, Zhao L, Wu Z, Wang Y, Pan D, Miao H, Guo Q, Lu N. Wogonoside protects against dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in mice by inhibiting NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 94:142-54. [PMID: 25677765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that wogonoside, the glucuronide metabolite of wogonin, has anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and anticancer effects. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of wogonoside has not been fully elucidated. Recently, NLRP3 inflammasome has been reported to be correlated with inflammatory bowel disease for its ability to induce IL-1β release. Nevertheless, there are few drug candidates targeting NLRP3 inflammasome for this disease. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of wogonoside in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis and further revealed the underlying mechanisms by targeting NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome. Wogonoside treatment dose-dependently attenuated DSS-induced body weight loss and colon length shortening. Moreover, wogonoside prevented DSS-induced colonic pathological damage, remarkably inhibited inflammatory cells infiltration and significantly decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities. The production of pro-inflammatory mediators in serum and colon was also significantly reduced by wogonoside. The underlying mechanisms for the protective effect of wogonoside in DSS-induced colitis may be attributed to its inhibition on NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in colons. Furthermore, wogonoside markedly decreased production of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 and suppressed mRNA expression of pro-IL-1β and NLRP3 in phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 cells via inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that wogonoside may exert its anti-inflammatory effect via dual inhibition of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting that wogonoside might be a potential effective drug for inflammatory bowel diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhaoqiu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Di Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hanchi Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Na Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu YQ, Zhan LB, Liu T, Cheng MC, Liu XY, Xiao HB. Inhibitory effect of Ecliptae herba extract and its component wedelolactone on pre-osteoclastic proliferation and differentiation. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 157:206-11. [PMID: 25267578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ecliptae herba, also known as "Mo-Han-Lian", has long been used in China to nourish Kidney and thereafter strengthen bones. Accumulating evidence indicates that extracts of Ecliptae herba have antiosteoporotic effect. However, the effective compounds and cellular mode of action are still unclear. To investigate the effect of ethyl acetate extract of Ecliptae herba (EAE) and its component wedelolactone on proliferation and differentiation of preosteoclastic RAW264.7 cells as well as proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). MATERIALS AND METHODS RAW264.7 and BMSC were examined for proliferation by a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity of RAW264.7 was measured by using p-nitrophenyl sodium phosphate (pNPP) assay after the cells were treated with 30ng/ml receptor activator for nuclear factor-κ B ligand (RANKL) plus various concentrations of EAE, wedelolactone or alendronate. The formation of multinucleated TRAP-positive RAW264.7 cells was observed by using a TRAP-staining kit. RESULTS Treatment of RAW264.7 cells with EAE at high doses (20µg/ml and 40µg/ml) or wedelolactone at 10µg/ml resulted in a decrease in proliferation of RAW264.7 cells. Low doses of EAE (5, 10µg/ml) and wedelolactone (2.5µg/ml) inhibited RANKL-induced TRAP activity by 20.3%, 37.9%, and 48.3%. The inhibitory effect of wedelolactone is more potent than that of alendronate, an anti-resorptive drug. Morphological changes revealed that 5µg/ml EAE and 2.5µg/ml wedelolactone reduced the number of multinucleated osteoclast-like cells. At the high doses, EAE (20µg/ml) and wedelolactone (10µg/ml) inhibited the growth of BMSC. CONCLUSIONS EAE and its component wedelolactone inhibited osteoclast RAW264.7 proliferation and differentiation at the low doses, but at the high doses, showed cytotoxic effect on BMSC. These results indicated that EAE and wedelolatone might be potential alternative therapy for osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qiu Liu
- College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Li-Bin Zhan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, China; College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Tiegang Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Meng-Chun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hong-Bin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xu X, Zhang Y, Li W, Miao H, Zhang H, Zhou Y, Li Z, You Q, Zhao L, Guo Q. Wogonin reverses multi-drug resistance of human myelogenous leukemia K562/A02 cells via downregulation of MRP1 expression by inhibiting Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 92:220-34. [PMID: 25264278 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Constitutive NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation has been recently reported to play a pivotal role in enhancing cell survival and resistance to anticancer drugs in many tumors. Previously, much effort has been devoted to the investigation of blocking Nrf2 function in cultured cells and cancer tissues, but few researches have been undertaken to evaluate the precise mechanism of flavonoids-induced sensitivity by inhibiting Nrf2. In this study, we investigated the reversal effect of Wogonin, a flavonoid isolated from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, in resistant human myelogenous leukemia. Data indicated that Wogonin had strong reversal potency by inhibiting functional activity and expression of MRP1 at both protein and mRNA in adriamycin (ADR)-induced resistant human myelogenous leukemia K562/A02 cells. Consequently, the inhibition of MRP1 by Wogonin was dependent on Nrf2 through the decreased binding ability of Nrf2 to antioxidant response element (ARE). Further research revealed Wogonin modulated Nrf2 through the reduction of Nrf2mRNA at transcriptional processes rather than RNA degradation, which is regulated by the PI3K/Akt pathway. Moreover, DNA-PKcs was found to be involved in the Wogonin-induced downregulation of Nrf2 mRNA at transcriptional levels. In summary, these results clearly demonstrated the effectiveness of using Wogonin via inhibiting Nrf2 to combat chemoresistance and suggested that Wogonin can be developed into an efficient natural sensitizer for resistant human myelogenous leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanchi Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qidong You
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Khuroo T, Verma D, Talegaonkar S, Padhi S, Panda AK, Iqbal Z. Topotecan-tamoxifen duple PLGA polymeric nanoparticles: investigation of in vitro, in vivo and cellular uptake potential. Int J Pharm 2014; 473:384-94. [PMID: 25051112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The dual drug loaded poly(dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA(1)) nanoparticles (TOP-TAM NPs(2)) concurrently delivering topotecan hydrochloride (TOP(3)) and tamoxifen citrate (TAM(4)) were developed to achieve synergism for the treatment of breast cancer by enhancing the permeation of TOP through the gut and the cells present in the breast. TAM acted as P-glycoprotein (P-gp(5)) inhibitor, reduced the side effects of individual drugs by reducing the dose. The NPs were prepared by double emulsion (w/o/w) method. The optimized TOP-TAM NPs were found to have smooth and spherical morphology by using SEM(6) and TEM(7) technique. Similarly size of nanoparticles was found to be 151.2 ± 1.6 nm with 0.147 ± 0.03 polydispersity index (PDI(8)). The percentage entrapment efficiency of 95.17 ± 3.57 and 57.77 ± 2.2 was found for TAM and TOP respectively. The lyophillized nanoparticles under DSC(9) showed amorphous nature of both TOP and TAM. In an in vitro release study the release of drugs from TOP-TAM NPs was found to follow the Higuchi pattern. The ex vivo gut permeation study revealed that the TAM enhanced the permeation of TOP and increased its bioavailability by 1.9 folds. The permeation and activity of combination of drugs were further confirmed by carrying out cell line studies on MCF-7 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Khuroo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India; Product Development Cell-II, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India; Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Gurgaon 122015, Haryana, India.
| | - Devina Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sushama Talegaonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Santwana Padhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Amulya K Panda
- Product Development Cell-II, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang Y, Miao H, Li W, Yao J, Sun Y, Li Z, Zhao L, Guo Q. CXCL12/CXCR4 axis confers adriamycin resistance to human chronic myelogenous leukemia and oroxylin A improves the sensitivity of K562/ADM cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2014;90:212-225. [PMID: 24858801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the reversal effect of oroxylin A, a naturally bioactive monoflavonoid separated and purified from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, in human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that CXCL12 could enhance the resistance of K562 cells to adriamycin (ADM) by increasing the expression of CXCR4, up-regulating the downstream PI3K/Akt pathway, and promoting translocation of NF-κB dimers into nucleus and subsequently decreasing the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in K562 cells. And we found that ADM resistance was partially reversed by CXCR4 siRNA transfection. Moreover, the sensitivity enhancement of oroxylin A was demonstrated by decreasing the expression of CXCR4 at both protein and mRNA levels, via PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway and triggering the apoptosis pathway in vitro. In addition, the in vivo study showed that oroxylin A increased apoptosis of leukemic cells with low systemic toxicity, and the mechanism was the same as in vitro study. In conclusion, all these results showed that oroxylin A improved the sensitivity of K562/ADM cells by increasing apoptosis in leukemic cells and decreasing the expression of CXCR4 and PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, and probably served as a most promising agent for CML treatment.
Collapse
|
24
|
Pan D, Li W, Miao H, Yao J, Li Z, Wei L, Zhao L, Guo Q. LW-214, a newly synthesized flavonoid, induces intrinsic apoptosis pathway by down-regulating Trx-1 in MCF-7 human breast cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 87:598-610. [PMID: 24374359 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the anticancer effect of LW-214, a newly synthesized flavonoid, against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. LW-214 triggered the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by increasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and caspase-9 activation, degradation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), cytochrome c (Cyt c) release and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) transposition. Further research revealed that both the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) activation by LW-214 were induced by down-regulating the thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) expression. The ROS elevation and ASK1 activation induced a sustained phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), while SP600125, as known as JNK inhibitor, almost reversed LW-214-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Overexpression of Trx-1 in MCF-7 cells attenuated LW-214-mediated apoptosis as well as the JNK activation and reversed the expression of mitochondrial apoptosis-related protein. Accordingly, the in vivo study showed that LW-214 exhibited a potential antitumor effect in BALB/c species mice inoculated MCF-7 tumor with low systemic toxicity, and the mechanism was the same as in vitro study. Taken together, these findings indicated that LW-214 may down-regulated Trx-1 function, causing intracellular ROS generation and releasing the ASK1, and lead to JNK activation, which consequently induced the mitochondrial apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanchi Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Libin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|