1
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Ďuriš M, Hradski J, Szucs R, Masár M. Microchip isotachophoresis for green and sustainable pharmaceutical quality control: Method validation and application to complex pharmaceutical formulations. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1729:465055. [PMID: 38852265 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Universal microchip isotachophoresis (μITP) methods were developed for the determination of cationic and anionic macrocomponents (active pharmaceutical ingredients and counterions) in cardiovascular drugs marketed in salt form, amlodipine besylate and perindopril erbumine. The developed methods are characterized by low reagent and sample consumption, waste production and energy consumption, require only minimal sample preparation and provide fast analysis. The greenness of the proposed methods was assessed using AGREE. An internal standard addition was used to improve the quantitative parameters of μITP. The proposed methods were validated according to the ICH guideline. Linearity, precision, accuracy and specificity were evaluated for each of the studied analytes and all set validation criteria were met. Good linearity was observed in the presence of matrix and in the absence of matrix, with a correlation coefficient of at least 0.9993. The developed methods allowed precise and accurate determination of the studied analytes, the RSD of the quantitative and qualitative parameters were less than 1.5% and the recoveries ranged from 98 to 102%. The developed μITP methods were successfully applied to the determination of cationic and anionic macrocomponents in six commercially available pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ďuriš
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava SK-84215, Slovakia
| | - Jasna Hradski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava SK-84215, Slovakia.
| | - Roman Szucs
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava SK-84215, Slovakia
| | - Marián Masár
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava SK-84215, Slovakia
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2
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Yan X, Almajidi YQ, Uinarni H, Bokov DO, Mansouri S, Fenjan MN, Saxena A, Zabibah RS, Hamzah HF, Oudah SK. Bio(sensors) based on molecularly imprinted polymers and silica materials used for food safety and biomedical analysis: Recent trends and future prospects. Talanta 2024; 276:126292. [PMID: 38795646 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, analytical techniques have increasingly focused on the precise quantification. Achieving this goal has been accomplished with conventional analytical approaches that typically require extensive pretreatment methods, significant reagent usage, and expensive instruments. The need for rapid, simple, and highly selective identification platforms has become increasingly pronounced. Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) has emerged as a promising avenue for developing advanced sensors that can potentially surpass the limitations of conventional detection methods. In recent years, the application of MIP-silica materials-based sensors has garnered significant attention owing to their distinctive characteristics. These types of probes hold a distinct advantage in their remarkable stability and durability, all of which provide a suitable sensing platform in severe environments. Moreover, the substrate composed of silica materials offers a vast surface area for binding, thereby facilitating the efficient detection of even minuscule concentrations of targets. As a result, sensors based on MIP-silica materials have the potential to be widely applied in various industries, including medical diagnosis, and food safety. In the present review, we have conducted an in-depth analysis of the latest research developments in the field of MIPs-silica materials based sensors, with a focus on succinctly summarizing and elucidating the most crucial findings. This is the first comprehensive review of integration MIPs with silica materials in electrochemical (EC) and optical probes for biomedical analysis and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yasir Qasim Almajidi
- Baghdad College of Medical Sciences-Department of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutics), Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Herlina Uinarni
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia; Department of Radiology, Pantai Indah Kapuk Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation
| | - Sofiene Mansouri
- Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia; University of Tunis El Manar, Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, Laboratory of Biophysics and Medical Technologies, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohammed N Fenjan
- College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Archana Saxena
- Department of Management, Uttaranchal Institute of Management, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Rahman S Zabibah
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Hamza Fadhel Hamzah
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Shamam Kareem Oudah
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
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Rashidi M, Panahi A, Pishevar A, Benneker AM. Droplet Electrophoresis with Internal Free Ions: Effect of Permittivity Changes in the Electric Double Layer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:16121-16131. [PMID: 39044382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Droplet electrophoresis (EP) is of interest in biological systems, microfluidics, and separation techniques. We investigate EP of an oil droplet that contains free ions and is stabilized in an electrolyte solution through an amphoteric surfactant. The presence of mobile ions within the droplet leads to the creation of a distinct nonzero space charge density inside the droplet and consequently, formation of an inner EDL inside the droplet in addition to the traditionally considered outside EDL. While we assume the permittivity inside the inner EDL to remain constant, we consider both the case of constant and variable permittivity in the outer EDL. Our findings demonstrate a change in the droplet direction of motion in the electric field when transitioning from acidic to alkaline pH, regardless of permittivity and ionic strength in both oil and electrolyte. We further find a significant reduction in the magnitude of droplet velocity in the case of a variable permittivity due to reduction of the local space charge density within the EDL surrounding the droplet. When decreasing the viscosity ratio of the oil to the electrolyte, in all cases we find a reduction in droplet velocity. This decline is attributed mostly to the formation and strength of a vortex around the droplet. We finally demonstrate that with constant permittivity in the outer EDL, the variation in κaouter has a more significant effect on the droplet's EP velocity than altering κainner. However, in cases where the body forces inside of the droplet dominate, minor changes in the outer electrolyte concentration have no influence on the droplet motion, which is relevant for biological colloids that can contain significant free internal charges. Our results are important for the manipulation of biological colloids, water and waste treatment such as lubricant removal from processing streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoureh Rashidi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Amirreza Panahi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Ahmadreza Pishevar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Anne M Benneker
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Isokawa M, Nakanishi K, Kanamori T, Sekiguchi T, Funatsu T, Shoji S, Tsunoda M. Pillar Array Mixer for Postcolumn Derivatization Integrated into Liquid Chromatography-Based Microfluidic Device. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11002-11008. [PMID: 38870183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The chemical derivatization of target analytes can enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of separation-based methods for metabolite analysis using microfluidic devices. However, the development of chromatography-based microfluidic devices with integrated derivatization units is challenging. In this study, a novel derivatization unit with a pillar array (PA)-based mixing channel was developed for postcolumn derivatization during on-chip liquid chromatography (LC). The PA mixer enhanced mixing between the derivatization reagents and analytes in the transverse direction, while preventing analyte dispersion in the flow direction. After the concept was confirmed using computational fluid dynamics analysis, microfluidic devices with a LC column and PA mixer were fabricated on a 20 × 20 mm silicon plate. Fluid experiments were performed using a PA mixer with a pillar size of 5 or 10 μm or a hollow-channel mixer, which revealed that the PA mixer enhanced transverse mixing without increasing the width of the analyte peak. Moreover, the developed device enabled the analysis of three amino acids within 40 s by separation via hydrophilic interaction chromatography followed by postcolumn fluorogenic derivatization with naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde and fluorescence detection. Our results demonstrate the potential of integrated derivatization units for the development of micrototal analysis systems for use in bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneki Isokawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kanki Nakanishi
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kanamori
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Sekiguchi
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Funatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shuichi Shoji
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Makoto Tsunoda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Abeywardena SBY, Yue Z, Wallace GG, Innis PC. Novel 3D textile structures and geometries for electrofluidics. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:1171-1181. [PMID: 38837441 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202400020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The integration of microfluidics with electric field control, commonly referred to as electrofluidics, has led to new opportunities for biomedical analysis. The requirement for closed microcapillary channels in microfluidics, typically formed via complex microlithographic fabrication approaches, limits the direct accessibility to the separation processes during conventional electrofluidic devices. Textile structures provide an alternative and low-cost approach to overcome these limitations via providing open and surface-accessible capillary channels. Herein, we investigate the potential of different 3D textile structures for electrofluidics. In this study, 12 polyester yarns were braided around nylon monofilament cores of different diameters to produce functional 3D core-shell textile structures. Capillary electrophoresis performances of these 3D core-shell textile structures both before and after removing the nylon core were evaluated in terms of mobility and bandwidth of a fluorescence marker compound. It was shown that the fibre arrangement and density govern the inherent capillary formation within these textile structures which also impacts upon the solute analyte mobility and separation bandwidth during electrophoretic studies. Core-shell textile structures with a 0.47 mm nylon core exhibited the highest fluorescein mobility and presented a narrower separation bandwidth. This optimal textile structure was readily converted to different geometries via a simple heat-setting of the central nylon core. This approach can be used to fabricate an array of miniaturized devices that possess many of the basic functionalities required in electrofluidics while maintaining open surface access that is otherwise impractical in classical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujani B Y Abeywardena
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute (IPRI), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zhilian Yue
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute (IPRI), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gordon G Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute (IPRI), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter C Innis
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute (IPRI), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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Bogiel T, Dura A, Woźniak M, Mikucka A, Kanarek P. Usefulness of Capillary Gel Electrophoresis-Based PCR for Detection of Clostridioides difficile Strains with Hypervirulent Ribotypes. Gels 2024; 10:343. [PMID: 38786259 PMCID: PMC11121280 DOI: 10.3390/gels10050343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile is a complex of anaerobic bacteria responsible for the epidemics of post-antibiotic diarrhea as one of the examples of CDI (Clostridioides difficile infection). As many as 70% of cases concern hospitalized patients, particularly those in intensive care units. Ribotyping is one of the most common methods for differentiating bacterial strains. The purpose of this work was to show the effectiveness of the gel electrophoresis-based PCR ribotyping method and the Webribo database for typing C. difficile isolates, including the hypervirulent 027 ribotype. DNA samples extracted from 69 C. difficile strains with previously marked genotypes were included in this study. PCR was performed using 16S-23S primers, and capillary gel electrophoresis was performed on the Applied Biosystem 3130xl Genetic Analyzer. The Webribo database was applied for ribotype assignment. Out of 69 samples, 48 belonged to already known ribotypes, 13 represented new ribotypes and 8 was indicated as similar to the existing ones, having some differences. Capillary gel electrophoresis-based PCR is an effective method for the differentiation of C. difficile ribotypes and can be recognized as a very useful tool in epidemiological studies, while the Webribo database is a useful and an accessible database for a quick analysis of C. difficile ribotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Bogiel
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Antoni Jurasz University Hospital No. 1, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alicja Dura
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (A.D.)
| | - Marcin Woźniak
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (A.D.)
| | - Agnieszka Mikucka
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Antoni Jurasz University Hospital No. 1, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Piotr Kanarek
- Department of Microbiology and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-029 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Nagase K. Bioanalytical technologies using temperature-responsive polymers. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:827-841. [PMID: 38584205 PMCID: PMC11035477 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00545-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, various bioanalytical technologies have been investigated for appropriate medical treatment and effective therapy. Temperature-responsive chromatography is a promising bioanalytical technology owing to its functional properties. Temperature-responsive chromatography uses a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAAm) modified stationary phase as the column packing material. The hydrophobic interactions between PNIPAAm and the analyte could be modulated by changing the column temperature because of the temperature-responsive hydrophobicity of PNIPAAm. Thus, the chromatography system does not require organic solvents in the mobile phase, making it suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring in medical settings such as hospitals. This review summarizes recent developments in temperature-responsive chromatography systems for therapeutic drug monitoring applications. In addition, separation methods for antibody drugs using PNIPAAm are also summarized because these methods apply to the therapeutic drug monitoring of biopharmaceutics. The temperature-responsive chromatography systems can also be utilized for clinical diagnosis, as they can assess multiple medicines simultaneously. This highlights the significant potential of temperature-responsive chromatography in medicine and healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Nagase
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
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Xu X, Zuo Y, Chen S, Hatami A, Gu H. Advancements in Brain Research: The In Vivo/In Vitro Electrochemical Detection of Neurochemicals. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:125. [PMID: 38534232 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Neurochemicals, crucial for nervous system function, influence vital bodily processes and their fluctuations are linked to neurodegenerative diseases and mental health conditions. Monitoring these compounds is pivotal, yet the intricate nature of the central nervous system poses challenges. Researchers have devised methods, notably electrochemical sensing with micro-nanoscale electrodes, offering high-resolution monitoring despite low concentrations and rapid changes. Implantable sensors enable precise detection in brain tissues with minimal damage, while microdialysis-coupled platforms allow in vivo sampling and subsequent in vitro analysis, addressing the selectivity issues seen in other methods. While lacking temporal resolution, techniques like HPLC and CE complement electrochemical sensing's selectivity, particularly for structurally similar neurochemicals. This review covers essential neurochemicals and explores miniaturized electrochemical sensors for brain analysis, emphasizing microdialysis integration. It discusses the pros and cons of these techniques, forecasting electrochemical sensing's future in neuroscience research. Overall, this comprehensive review outlines the evolution, strengths, and potential applications of electrochemical sensing in the study of neurochemicals, offering insights into future advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Yimei Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Amir Hatami
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Prof. Sobouti Boulevard, P.O. Box 45195-1159, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Synthesis of ternary core-shell carbon sphere@α-Fe2O3@Ag composites and their application for simultaneous voltammetric detection of uric acid, xanthine, and hypoxanthine. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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10
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Naghdi E, Moran GE, Reinau ME, De Malsche W, Neusüß C. Concepts and recent advances in microchip electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry: Technologies and applications. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:246-267. [PMID: 35977423 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The online coupling of microchip electrophoresis (ME) as a fast, highly efficient, and low-cost miniaturized separation technique to mass spectrometry (MS) as an information-rich and sensitive characterization technique results in ME-MS an attractive tool for various applications. In this paper, we review the basic concepts and latest advances in technology for ME coupled to MS during the period of 2016-2021, covering microchip materials, structures, fabrication techniques, and interfacing to electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-MS. Two critical issues in coupling ME and ESI-MS include the electrical connection used to define the electrophoretic field strength along the separation channel and the generation of the electrospray for MS detection, as well as, a miniaturized ESI-tip. The recent commercialization of ME-MS in zone electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing modes has led to the widespread application of these techniques in academia and industry. Here we summarize recent applications of ME-MS for the separation and detection of antibodies, proteins, peptides, carbohydrates, metabolites, and so on. Throughout the paper these applications are discussed in the context of benefits and limitations of ME-MS in comparison to alternative techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Naghdi
- Department of Chemistry, Aalen University, Aalen, Germany
| | - Griffin E Moran
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Maaloev, Denmark
| | | | - Wim De Malsche
- µFlow group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Csapai A, Toc DA, Popa F, Tosa N, Pascalau V, Costache C, Botan A, Popa CO. 3D Printed Microfluidic Bioreactors Used for the Preferential Growth of Bacterial Biofilms through Dielectrophoresis. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1377. [PMID: 36144000 PMCID: PMC9504626 DOI: 10.3390/mi13091377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A realistic modelling of the way biofilms form and evolve in time requests a dynamic approach. In this study, the proposed route uses continuous-flow bioreactors under controlled flow rates and temperature in the culture medium containing bacteria or fungi. 3D printed, Polylactic acid (PLA), flow-based bioreactors with integrated copper electrodes were used to investigate the effect of dielectrophoresis on the formation and growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883 biofilms. Bacterial suspensions of 1McF turbidity have been prepared and circulated through the bioreactors. At the same time, a 30 V potential difference was applied on the system. The effect of the non-uniform electric field induced upon the bacterial cells was determined using quantitative methods, such as an adjusted microtiter plate technique, as well as spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images. The morphology and the surface quality of the biofilms were investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images. The results show that the different bacterial cells present a positive dielectrophoretic behaviour, with the preferential formation of biofilms in the high field gradient region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Csapai
- Materials Engineering Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 103-105 Muncii Ave., 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan A. Toc
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Florin Popa
- Materials Engineering Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 103-105 Muncii Ave., 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Tosa
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, 67-103 Donat Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Violeta Pascalau
- Materials Engineering Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 103-105 Muncii Ave., 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Costache
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Botan
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Catalin O. Popa
- Materials Engineering Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 103-105 Muncii Ave., 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Selemani M, Castiaux AD, Martin RS. PolyJet-Based 3D Printing against Micromolds to Produce Channel Structures for Microchip Electrophoresis. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:13362-13370. [PMID: 35474767 PMCID: PMC9026087 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate the ability to use micromolds along with a stacked three-dimensional (3D) printing process on a commercially available PolyJet printer to fabricate microchip electrophoresis devices that have a T-intersection, with channel cross sections as small as 48 × 12 μm2 being possible. The fabrication process involves embedding removable materials or molds during the printing process, with various molds being possible (wires, brass molds, PDMS molds, or sacrificial materials). When the molds are delaminated/removed, recessed features complementary to the molds are left in the 3D prints. A thermal lab press is used to bond the microchannel layer that also contains printed reservoirs against another solid 3D-printed part to completely seal the microchannels. The devices exhibited cathodic electroosmotic flow (EOF), and mixtures of fluorescein isothiocyanate isomer I (FITC)-labeled amino acids were successfully separated on these 3D-printed devices using both gated and pinched electrokinetic injections. While this application is focused on microchip electrophoresis, the ability to 3D-print against molds that can subsequently be removed is a general methodology to decrease the channel size for other applications as well as to possibly integrate 3D printing with other production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Major
A. Selemani
- Department
of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave., St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Andre D. Castiaux
- Center
for Additive Manufacturing, Saint Louis
University, 240 N Grand
Blvd, Saint Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - R. Scott Martin
- Department
of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave., St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
- Center
for Additive Manufacturing, Saint Louis
University, 240 N Grand
Blvd, Saint Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
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Raffaele J, Loughney JW, Rustandi RR. Development of a microchip capillary electrophoresis method for determination of the purity and integrity of mRNA in lipid nanoparticle vaccines. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:1101-1106. [PMID: 34806186 PMCID: PMC9011815 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA)‐based vaccines are advantageous because they can be relatively quicker and more cost efficient to manufacture compared to other traditional vaccine products. Lipid nanoparticles have three common purposes: delivery, self‐adjuvanting properties, and mRNA protection. Faster vaccine development requires an efficient and fast assay to monitor mRNA purity and integrity. Microchip CE is known to be a robust technology that is capable of rapid separation. Here, we describe the development and optimization of a purity and integrity assay for mRNA‐based vaccines encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles using commercial microchip‐based separation. The analytical parameters of the optimized assay were assessed and the method is a stability indicating assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Raffaele
- Analytical Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, 19486, USA
| | - John W Loughney
- Analytical Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, 19486, USA
| | - Richard R Rustandi
- Analytical Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, 19486, USA
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14
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Development of Microchip Isotachophoresis Coupled with Ion Mobility Spectrometry and Evaluation of Its Potential for the Analysis of Food, Biological and Pharmaceutical Samples. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206094. [PMID: 34684674 PMCID: PMC8538814 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
An online coupling of microchip isotachophoresis (µITP) with ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) using thermal evaporation interface is reported for the first time. This combination integrates preconcentration power of the µITP followed by unambiguous identification of trace compounds in complex samples by IMS. Short-chain carboxylic acids, chosen as model analytes, were first separated by the µITP in a discontinuous electrolyte system at pH 5–6, and subsequently evaporated at 130 °C during their transfer to the IMS analyzer. Various parameters, affecting the transfer of the separated sample components through the evaporation system, were optimized to minimize dispersion and loss of the analytes as well as to improve sensitivity. The following analytical attributes were obtained for carboxylic acids in the standard solutions: 0.1–0.3 mg L−1 detection limits, 0.4–0.9 mg L−1 quantitation limits, linear calibration range from the quantitation limit to 75 mg L−1, 0.2–0.3% RSD of the IMS response and 98–102% accuracy. The analytical potential of the developed µITP-IMS combination was demonstrated on the analysis of various food, pharmaceutical and biological samples, in which the studied acids are naturally present. These include: apple vinegar, wine, fish sauce, saliva and ear drops. In the real samples, 0.3–0.6% RSD of the IMS response and 93–109% accuracy were obtained.
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15
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Moving forward with isoprostanes, neuroprostanes and phytoprostanes: where are we now? Essays Biochem 2021; 64:463-484. [PMID: 32602531 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential components in eukaryotic cell membrane. They take part in the regulation of cell signalling pathways and act as precursors in inflammatory metabolism. Beside these, PUFAs auto-oxidize through free radical initiated mechanism and release key products that have various physiological functions. These products surfaced in the early nineties and were classified as prostaglandin isomers or isoprostanes, neuroprostanes and phytoprostanes. Although these molecules are considered robust biomarkers of oxidative damage in diseases, they also contain biological activities in humans. Conceptual progress in the last 3 years has added more understanding about the importance of these molecules in different fields. In this chapter, a brief overview of the past 30 years and the recent scope of these molecules, including their biological activities, biosynthetic pathways and analytical approaches are discussed.
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16
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Nouwairi RL, O'Connell KC, Gunnoe LM, Landers JP. Microchip Electrophoresis for Fluorescence-Based Measurement of Polynucleic Acids: Recent Developments. Anal Chem 2020; 93:367-387. [PMID: 33351599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renna L Nouwairi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Killian C O'Connell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Leah M Gunnoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - James P Landers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
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17
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Lu N, Kutter JP. Recent advances in microchip enantioseparation and analysis. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:2122-2135. [PMID: 32949465 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent developments (over the past decade) in the field of microfluidics-based solutions for enantiomeric separation and detection. The progress in various formats of microchip electrodriven separations, such as MCE, microchip electrochromatography, and multidimensional separation techniques, is discussed. Innovations covering chiral stationary phases, surface coatings, and modification strategies to improve resolution, as well as integration with detection systems, are reported. Finally, combinations with other microfluidic functional units are also presented and highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jörg P Kutter
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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18
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Juang YJ, Wang Y, Hsu SK. One-Step Hot Microembossing for Fabrication of Paper-Based Microfluidic Chips in 10 Seconds. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2493. [PMID: 33120953 PMCID: PMC7692775 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) have been developed because they are simple, inexpensive and power-free for low-cost chemical, biological and environmental detection. Moreover, paper is lightweight; easy to stack, store and transport; biodegradable; biocompatible; good for colorimetric tests; flammable for easy disposal of used paper-based diagnostic devices by incineration; and can be chemically modified. Different methods have been demonstrated to fabricate µPADs such as solid wax printing, craft cutting, photolithography, etc. In this study, one-step hot microembossing was proposed and demonstrated to fabricate µPADs. The processing parameters like embossing temperature, pressure and time were systematically investigated. It was found that, at 55 °C embossing temperature, the embossing pressure ranging from 10 to 14 MPa could be applied and the embossing time was only 5 s. This led to the overall processing time for fabrication of µPADs within 10 s. Glucose detection was conducted using the µPADs as fabricated, and a linear relationship was obtained between 5 and 50 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Je Juang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (Y.W.); (S.-K.H.)
- Center for Micro/nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, No.1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, No.1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (Y.W.); (S.-K.H.)
| | - Shu-Kai Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (Y.W.); (S.-K.H.)
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19
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Khan JU, Sayyar S, Paull B, Innis PC. Novel Approach toward Electrofluidic Substrates Utilizing Textile-Based Braided Structure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:45618-45628. [PMID: 32910632 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrofluidics is the unique combination of electrophoresis and microfluidics, which has opened up broad opportunities for bioanalysis and multiplexed assay. These systems typically comprise inaccessible and fully enclosed microcapillary or microchannels, with limited sample loading capacities and no direct access to the solutes within. Here, we investigate the application of multiyarn textile assemblies which provides an open and surface accessible electrophoretic separation platform. Three-dimensional (3D) textile structures have been produced using conventional knitting and braiding techniques from a range of commercially available yarns. Capillary zone electrophoresis separation studies have been carried out on these substrates using fluorescent anionic (fluorescence, FL) and cationic (rhodamine-B, Rh-B) markers. The effects of different yarn surface chemistry, textile fabrication technique, and electrolyte ionic strength on the electrophoretic mobility of the test analytes have been studied. From the broad range of yarns investigated, polyester was shown to have the highest electrophoretic mobility for Rh-B (6 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1) and for FL (4 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1). The braiding approach, being simple and versatile, was found to be the most effective route to produce 3D textile-based structures and offered the potential for selective movement and targeted delivery to different channels. Composite braids made with yarns of differential surface chemistries further revealed a unique behavior of separation and parallel movement of oppositely charged ionic species. We also demonstrate the feasibility to apply isotachophoresis (ITP) on these braided textile substrates to rapidly focus dispersed FL sample bands. Here, we demonstrate the focusing of FL from a dispersed band into narrow band with a 400 times reduction in sample width over 90 s. Owing to the simplicity and reproducibility of the developed approach, textile-based inverted microfluidic applications are expected to enable opportunities in bioanalysis, proteomics, and rapid clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawairia Umar Khan
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
- Department of Fibre and Textile Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sepidar Sayyar
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
- Australian National Fabrication Facility-Materials Node, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Brett Paull
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS) and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7005, Australia
| | - Peter C Innis
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
- Australian National Fabrication Facility-Materials Node, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
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20
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Schilly KM, Gunawardhana SM, Wijesinghe MB, Lunte SM. Biological applications of microchip electrophoresis with amperometric detection: in vivo monitoring and cell analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:6101-6119. [PMID: 32347360 PMCID: PMC8130646 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02647-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Microchip electrophoresis with amperometric detection (ME-EC) is a useful tool for the determination of redox active compounds in complex biological samples. In this review, a brief background on the principles of ME-EC is provided, including substrate types, electrode materials, and electrode configurations. Several different detection approaches are described, including dual-channel systems for dual-electrode detection and electrochemistry coupled with fluorescence and chemiluminescence. The application of ME-EC to the determination of catecholamines, adenosine and its metabolites, and reactive nitrogen and oxygen species in microdialysis samples and cell lysates is also detailed. Lastly, approaches for coupling of ME-EC with microdialysis sampling to create separation-based sensors that can be used for near real-time monitoring of drug metabolism and neurotransmitters in freely roaming animals are provided. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelci M Schilly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
| | - Shamal M Gunawardhana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
| | - Manjula B Wijesinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
| | - Susan M Lunte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2010 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
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21
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Caruso G, Musso N, Grasso M, Costantino A, Lazzarino G, Tascedda F, Gulisano M, Lunte SM, Caraci F. Microfluidics as a Novel Tool for Biological and Toxicological Assays in Drug Discovery Processes: Focus on Microchip Electrophoresis. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E593. [PMID: 32549277 PMCID: PMC7344675 DOI: 10.3390/mi11060593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The last decades of biological, toxicological, and pharmacological research have deeply changed the way researchers select the most appropriate 'pre-clinical model'. The absence of relevant animal models for many human diseases, as well as the inaccurate prognosis coming from 'conventional' pre-clinical models, are among the major reasons of the failures observed in clinical trials. This evidence has pushed several research groups to move more often from a classic cellular or animal modeling approach to an alternative and broader vision that includes the involvement of microfluidic-based technologies. The use of microfluidic devices offers several benefits including fast analysis times, high sensitivity and reproducibility, the ability to quantitate multiple chemical species, and the simulation of cellular response mimicking the closest human in vivo milieu. Therefore, they represent a useful way to study drug-organ interactions and related safety and toxicity, and to model organ development and various pathologies 'in a dish'. The present review will address the applicability of microfluidic-based technologies in different systems (2D and 3D). We will focus our attention on applications of microchip electrophoresis (ME) to biological and toxicological studies as well as in drug discovery and development processes. These include high-throughput single-cell gene expression profiling, simultaneous determination of antioxidants and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, DNA analysis, and sensitive determination of neurotransmitters in biological fluids. We will discuss new data obtained by ME coupled to laser-induced fluorescence (ME-LIF) and electrochemical detection (ME-EC) regarding the production and degradation of nitric oxide, a fundamental signaling molecule regulating virtually every critical cellular function. Finally, the integration of microfluidics with recent innovative technologies-such as organoids, organ-on-chip, and 3D printing-for the design of new in vitro experimental devices will be presented with a specific attention to drug development applications. This 'composite' review highlights the potential impact of 2D and 3D microfluidic systems as a fast, inexpensive, and highly sensitive tool for high-throughput drug screening and preclinical toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Caruso
- Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, 94018 Troina (EN), Italy; (M.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Nicolò Musso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (N.M.); (G.L.)
| | - Margherita Grasso
- Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, 94018 Troina (EN), Italy; (M.G.); (F.C.)
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Angelita Costantino
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Lazzarino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (N.M.); (G.L.)
| | - Fabio Tascedda
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Massimo Gulisano
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (M.G.)
- Molecular Preclinical and Translational Imaging Research Centre-IMPRonTE, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for Biotechnology, Area di Ricerca, Padriciano, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Susan M. Lunte
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047-1620, USA;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047-1620, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047-1620, USA
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, 94018 Troina (EN), Italy; (M.G.); (F.C.)
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (M.G.)
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22
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Ragab MAA, El-Kimary EI. Recent Advances and Applications of Microfluidic Capillary Electrophoresis: A Comprehensive Review (2017-Mid 2019). Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:709-741. [PMID: 32447968 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1765729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic capillary electrophoresis (MCE) is the novel technique resulted from the CE mininaturization as planar separation and analysis device. This review presents and discusses various application fields of this advanced technology published in the period 2017 till mid-2019 in eight different sections including clinical, biological, single cell analysis, environmental, pharmaceuticals, food analysis, forensic and ion analysis. The need for miniaturization of CE and the consequence advantages achieved are also discussed including high-throughput, miniaturized detection, effective separation, portability and the need for micro- or even nano-volume of samples. Comprehensive tables for the MCE applications in the different studied fields are provided. Also, figure comparing the number of the published papers applying MCE in the eight discussed fields within the studied period is included. The future investigation should put into consideration the possibility of replacing conventional CE with the MCE after proper validation. Suitable validation parameters with their suitable accepted ranges should be tailored for analysis methods utilizing such unique technique (MCE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A A Ragab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Alexandria University, El-Messalah, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman I El-Kimary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Alexandria University, El-Messalah, Alexandria, Egypt
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23
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Dunn RC. High-Speed Capillary Electrophoresis Using a Thin-Wall Fused-Silica Capillary Combined with Backscatter Interferometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:7540-7546. [PMID: 32352792 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High-speed capillary electrophoresis (HSCE) is implemented using a 10 cm total length fused-silica capillary (50 μm i.d., 80 μm o.d.) combined with refractive index (RI) detection using backscatter interferometry (BSI). The short capillary length reduces analysis time while the ultrathin wall (15 μm) efficiently dissipates heat from the separation channel, mitigating the deleterious effects of Joule heating. The separation capillary is mounted on a temperature-controlled heat sink that stabilizes the temperature to ±0.004 °C. This temperature stabilization improves separation efficiency and enhances RI detection. Ohm's Law plots confirm the superior heat dissipation of the HSCE capillary compared to a similarly prepared conventional CE capillary (50 μm i.d., 363 μm o.d.). The speed and efficiency of HSCE combined with universal RI detection is illustrated through the separation of K+, Ba2+, Mg2+, Na+, Li+, and Tris+ in approximately 30 s, with efficiencies greater than 500 000 plates/m. Run-to-run repeatability is explored using nine consecutive electrokinetic injections of a K+, Na+, and Li+ mixture. The average migration times and %RSD for K+, Na+, and Li+ were measured to be 22.04 s (1.59%), 26.81 s (1.38%), and 29.80 s (2.21%), respectively. Finally, we show that the BSI signal is sensitive to the separation voltage through the Kerr mechanism. This leads to peaks in the electropherogram from the injection process that are useful for precisely defining the start of each separation and quantifying the amount of sample injected onto the capillary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Dunn
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
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24
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Voronin DV, Kozlova AA, Verkhovskii RA, Ermakov AV, Makarkin MA, Inozemtseva OA, Bratashov DN. Detection of Rare Objects by Flow Cytometry: Imaging, Cell Sorting, and Deep Learning Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2323. [PMID: 32230871 PMCID: PMC7177904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Flow cytometry nowadays is among the main working instruments in modern biology paving the way for clinics to provide early, quick, and reliable diagnostics of many blood-related diseases. The major problem for clinical applications is the detection of rare pathogenic objects in patient blood. These objects can be circulating tumor cells, very rare during the early stages of cancer development, various microorganisms and parasites in the blood during acute blood infections. All of these rare diagnostic objects can be detected and identified very rapidly to save a patient's life. This review outlines the main techniques of visualization of rare objects in the blood flow, methods for extraction of such objects from the blood flow for further investigations and new approaches to identify the objects automatically with the modern deep learning methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis V. Voronin
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
- Department of Physical and Colloid Chemistry, National University of Oil and Gas (Gubkin University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiia A. Kozlova
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Roman A. Verkhovskii
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
- School of Urbanistics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 410054 Saratov, Russia
| | - Alexey V. Ermakov
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Makarkin
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Olga A. Inozemtseva
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Daniil N. Bratashov
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
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25
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Gunawardhana SM, Bulgakova GA, Barybin AM, Thomas SR, Lunte SM. Progress toward the development of a microchip electrophoresis separation-based sensor with electrochemical detection for on-line in vivo monitoring of catecholamines. Analyst 2020; 145:1768-1776. [PMID: 31915763 PMCID: PMC7127871 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01980d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of a separation-based sensor for catecholamines based on microdialysis (MD) coupled to microchip electrophoresis (ME) with electrochemical (EC) detection is described. The device consists of a pyrolyzed photoresist film working electrode and a poly(dimethylsiloxane) microchip with a flow-gated sample injection interface. The chip was partially reversibly sealed to the glass substrate by selectively exposing only the top section of the chip to plasma. This partially reversible chip/electrode integration process not only allows the reuse of the working electrode but also greatly enhanced the reproducibility of electrode alignment with the separation channel. The developed MD-ME-EC system was then tested using l-DOPA, 3-O-MD, HVA, DOPAC, and dopamine standards, which were separated in less than 100 seconds using a background electrolyte consisting of 15 mM sodium phosphate (pH 7.4), 15 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 2.5 mM boric acid. A potential of +1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl was used for amperometric detection of the analytes. The device was evaluated for on-line monitoring of the conversion of l-DOPA to dopamine in vitro and for monitoring dopamine release in an anesthetized rat in vivo following high K+ stimulation. The system was able to detect stimulated dopamine release in vivo but not endogenous levels of dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamal M Gunawardhana
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA. and Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Galina A Bulgakova
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA. and Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Anton M Barybin
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA. and Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Sara R Thomas
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA. and Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Susan M Lunte
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA. and Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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26
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Khan NI, Song E. Lab-on-a-Chip Systems for Aptamer-Based Biosensing. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11020220. [PMID: 32093323 PMCID: PMC7074738 DOI: 10.3390/mi11020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers are oligonucleotides or peptides that are selected from a pool of random sequences that exhibit high affinity toward a specific biomolecular species of interest. Therefore, they are ideal for use as recognition elements and ligands for binding to the target. In recent years, aptamers have gained a great deal of attention in the field of biosensing as the next-generation target receptors that could potentially replace the functions of antibodies. Consequently, it is increasingly becoming popular to integrate aptamers into a variety of sensing platforms to enhance specificity and selectivity in analyte detection. Simultaneously, as the fields of lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technology, point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, and personal medicine become topics of great interest, integration of such aptamer-based sensors with LOC devices are showing promising results as evidenced by the recent growth of literature in this area. The focus of this review article is to highlight the recent progress in aptamer-based biosensor development with emphasis on the integration between aptamers and the various forms of LOC devices including microfluidic chips and paper-based microfluidics. As aptamers are extremely versatile in terms of their utilization in different detection principles, a broad range of techniques are covered including electrochemical, optical, colorimetric, and gravimetric sensing as well as surface acoustics waves and transistor-based detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niazul I. Khan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA;
| | - Edward Song
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA;
- Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-603-862-5498
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Ou X, Chen P, Huang X, Li S, Liu B. Microfluidic chip electrophoresis for biochemical analysis. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:258-270. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Ou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti‐Cancer Active IngredientsCollege of Chemistry and Life ScienceHubei University of Education Wuhan P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xizhi Huang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Shunji Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Bi‐Feng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
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Sierra T, Crevillen AG, Escarpa A. Determination of Glycoproteins by Microchip Electrophoresis Using Os(VI)-Based Selective Electrochemical Tag. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10245-10250. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Sierra
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Madrid E-28871, Spain
| | - Agustín G. Crevillen
- Department of Analytical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - Alberto Escarpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Madrid E-28871, Spain
- Chemical Research Institute “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid E-28805, Spain
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Murugan E, Kumar K. Fabrication of SnS/TiO2@GO Composite Coated Glassy Carbon Electrode for Concomitant Determination of Paracetamol, Tryptophan, and Caffeine in Pharmaceutical Formulations. Anal Chem 2019; 91:5667-5676. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eagambaram Murugan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalpana Kumar
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zhang K, Gan N, Shen Z, Cao J, Hu F, Li T. Microchip electrophoresis based aptasensor for multiplexed detection of antibiotics in foods via a stir-bar assisted multi-arm junctions recycling for signal amplification. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 130:139-146. [PMID: 30735947 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Microchip electrophoresis (MCE) was a good available method for high-throughput and rapid detecting chemical pollutants in food samples. However, many of the reported MCE assays involve complex design of microchip, laborious operation and poor universality which limited its promotion in multiple antibiotics' detection. Herein, a multiplexed aptasensor was developed based on a universal double-T type microchip to one-step and simultaneously detect several antibiotics within 3 min using chloramphenicol (CAP) and kanamycin (Kana) as representatives. Besides, a novel stir-bar assisted DNA multi-arm junctions recycling (MAJR) strategy was designed for transducing and amplifying the signal. The brief detection mechanism was as following: the added CAP and Kana can specifically react with their aptamer probes on the stir-bar and produce different single-stranded DNA primer, respectively. Afterwards, the primers can trigger MAJR to form a lot of three- and four-arm DNA junctions corresponding to different targets. The DNA multi-arm junctions can be easily separated and detected by MCE for quantification. Moreover, the stir-bar can facilitate phase separation and obviously eliminate matrix interference in food. The assay was successfully applied in milk and fish samples, showing excellent selectivity and sensitivity with a detection limits of 0.52 pg mL-1 CAP and 0.41 pg mL-1 Kana (S/N = 3). Thus, the assay holds a great potential application for screening of antibiotics in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ning Gan
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Zhipeng Shen
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jinxuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Futao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Tianhua Li
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Troška P, Poboży E, Némethová Z, Masár M. Determination of Commonly Used Excipients in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Microchip Electrophoresis with Conductivity Detection. Chromatographia 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-019-03691-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Buyuktuncel E. Microchip Electrophoresis and Bioanalytical Applications. CURR PHARM ANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412914666180831100533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microanalytical systems have aroused great interest because they can analyze extremely
small sample volumes, improve the rate and throughput of chemical and biochemical analysis in a way
that reduces costs. Microchip Electrophoresis (ME) represents an effective separation technique to perform
quick analytical separations of complex samples. It offers high resolution and significant peak
capacity. ME is used in many areas, including biology, chemistry, engineering, and medicine. It is established
the same working principles as Capillary Electrophoresis (CE). It is possible to perform electrophoresis
in a more direct and convenient way in a microchip. Since the electric field is the driving
force of the electrodes, there is no need for high pressure as in chromatography. The amount of the voltage
that is applied in some electrophoresis modes, e.g. Micelle Electrokinetic Chromatography (MEKC)
and Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (CZE), mainly determines separation efficiency. Therefore, it is
possible to apply a higher electric field along a considerably shorter separation channel, hence it is possible
to carry out ME much quicker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Buyuktuncel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
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Abstract
Microchip electrophoresis (ME) results from miniaturization of capillary electrophoresis (CE) to a microfabricated separation device. Both techniques have common characteristics, but in some aspects, the microfluidic separation device has unique features resulting from its planar miniaturized format. Here we describe the process to transfer of CE to ME and the benefits and drawbacks of the chip with respect to the capillary. A practical guide for method development on the microchip for small ionizable molecules such as phenolic compounds, amino acids, or alkaloids is also presented.
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Kailasa SK, Koduru JR, Park TJ, Wu HF, Lin YC. Progress of electrospray ionization and rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometric techniques for the broad-range identification of microorganisms. Analyst 2019; 144:1073-1103. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an02034e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Electrospray ionization and rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometric techniques have attracted much attention in the identification of microorganisms, and in the diagnosis of bacterial infections from clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar Kailasa
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- S. V. National Institute of Technology
- Surat – 395007
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Tae Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Convergence Research
- Research Institute of Halal Industrialization Technology
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
| | - Hui-Fen Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Sun Yat-Sen University
- Kaohsiung
- Taiwan
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
| | - Ying-Chi Lin
- School of Pharmacy
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Kaohsiung
- Taiwan
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35
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García-Carmona L, Rojas D, González MC, Escarpa A. Microchip in situ electrosynthesis of silver metallic oxide clusters for ultra-FAST detection of galactose in galactosemic newborns' urine samples. Analyst 2018; 141:6002-6007. [PMID: 27704089 DOI: 10.1039/c6an01716a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This work describes for the first time the coupling of microfluidic chips (MC) to electrosynthetized silver metallic oxide clusters (AgMOCs). As an early demonstration of this novel approach, the ultrafast detection of galactose in galactosemic newborns' urine samples is proposed. AgMOCs were in situ electrosynthetized on integrated microchip platinum electrodes using a double pulse technique and characterized in full using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical techniques revealing the presence of silver oxides and electrocatalysis towards galactose as a galactosemia biomarker. Galactose detection in galactosemic newborns' urine samples proceeded in less than 30 s, differentiating between ill and healthy urine samples and requiring negligible urine sample consumption. The significance of the newborns' urine samples confirmed the analytical potency of the MC-AgMOCs approach for future implementation of screening for rare disease diagnosis such as galactosemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Carmona
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Daniel Rojas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Cristina González
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alberto Escarpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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36
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Ahmadyousefi Y, Malih S, Mirzaee Y, Saidijam M. Nucleic acid aptamers in diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Biochimie 2018; 156:1-11. [PMID: 30244135 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamers are promising recognition ligands for diagnostic applications. They are short DNA or RNA molecules isolated from large random libraries through the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX) procedure. These molecules, with a particular three-dimensional shape, bind to a wide range of targets from small molecules to whole cells with high affinity and specificity. The unique properties of nucleic acid aptamers including high binding affinity and specificity, thermostability, ease of chemical production, ease of chemical modification, target adaptability, simple storage, resistance to denaturation, low immunogenicity, and low cost make them potential diagnostic tools for clinical use. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in humans and the third leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. Due to low response rate to current therapies in advanced stages of the disease, early detection of CRC can be useful in disease management. This review highlights recent advances in the development of nucleic acid aptamer-based methods for diagnosis, prognosis, and theranosis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaghoub Ahmadyousefi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Sara Malih
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Younes Mirzaee
- Research Deputy of Jahad-e-Daneshgahi Institute, Ilam Branch, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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37
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Khoshbin Z, Verdian A, Housaindokht MR, Izadyar M, Rouhbakhsh Z. Aptasensors as the future of antibiotics test kits-a case study of the aptamer application in the chloramphenicol detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 122:263-283. [PMID: 30268964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobial drug with the ubiquitous presence in foodstuff that effectively applied to treat the diseases and promote the animal growth worldwide. Chloramphenicol as one of the antibiotics with the broad action spectrum against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria is widely applied for the effective treatment of infectious diseases in humans and animals. Unfortunately, the serious side effects of chloramphenicol, such as aplastic anemia, kidney damage, nausea, and diarrhea restrict its application in foodstuff and biomedical fields. Development of the sufficiently sensitive methods to detect chloramphenicol residues in food and clinical diagnosis seems to be an essential demand. Biosensors have been introduced as the promising tools to overcome the requirement. As one of the newest types of the biosensors, aptamer-based biosensors (aptasensors) are the efficient sensing platforms for the chloramphenicol monitoring. In the present review, we summarize the recent achievements of the accessible aptasensors for qualitative detection and quantitative determination of chloramphenicol as a candidate of the antibiotics. The present chloramphenicol aptasensors can be classified in two main optical and electrochemical categories. Also, the other formats of the aptasensing assays like the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and microchip electrophoresis (MCE) have been reviewed. The enormous interest in utilizing the diverse nanomaterials is also highlighted in the fabrication of the chloramphenicol aptasensors. Finally, some results are presented based on the advantages and disadvantages of the studied aptasensors to achieve a promising perspective for designing the novel antibiotics test kits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khoshbin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asma Verdian
- Department of food safety and quality control, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Izadyar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zeinab Rouhbakhsh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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38
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Gunawardhana SM, Lunte SM. Continuous monitoring of adenosine and its metabolites using microdialysis coupled to microchip electrophoresis with amperometric detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2018; 10:3737-3744. [PMID: 31579297 PMCID: PMC6774626 DOI: 10.1039/c8ay01041b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rapid monitoring of concentration changes of neurotransmitters and energy metabolites is important for understanding the biochemistry of neurological disease as well as for developing therapeutic options. This paper describes the development of a separation-based sensor using microchip electrophoresis (ME) with electrochemical (EC) detection coupled to microdialysis (MD) sampling for continuous on-line monitoring of adenosine and its downstream metabolites. The device was fabricated completely in PDMS. End-channel electrochemical detection was accomplished using a carbon fiber working electrode embedded in the PDMS. The separation conditions for adenosine, inosine, hypoxanthine, and guanosine were investigated using a ME-EC chip with a 5-cm long separation channel. The best resolution was achieved using a background electrolyte consisting of 35 mM sodium borate at pH 10, 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and 2 mM sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), and a field strength of 222 V/cm. Under these conditions, all four purines were separated in less than 85 s. Using a working electrode detection potential of 1.4 vs Ag/AgCl, the limits of detection were 25, 33, 10, and 25 μM for adenosine, inosine, hypoxanthine, and guanosine, respectively. The ME-EC chip was then coupled to microdialysis sampling using a novel all-PDMS microdialysis-microchip interface that was reversibly sealed. This made alignment of the working electrode with the end of the separation channel much easier and more reproducible than could be obtained with previous MD-ME-EC systems. The integrated device was then used to monitor the enzymatic conversion of adenosine to inosine in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamal M Gunawardhana
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Susan M Lunte
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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39
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De Scheerder L, Sparén A, Nilsson GA, Norrby PO, Örnskov E. Designing flexible low-viscous sieving media for capillary electrophoresis analysis of ribonucleic acids. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1562:108-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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40
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Dunn RC. Wavelength Modulated Back-Scatter Interferometry for Universal, On-Column Refractive Index Detection in Picoliter Volumes. Anal Chem 2018; 90:6789-6795. [PMID: 29762009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Wavelength-modulated back scatter interferometry (M-BSI) is shown to improve the detection metrics for refractive index (RI) sensing in microseparations. In M-BSI, the output of a tunable diode laser is focused into the detection zone of a separation channel as the excitation wavelength is rapidly modulated. This spatially modulates the observed interference pattern, which is measured in the backscattered direction. Phase-sensitive detection using a split photodiode detector aligned on one fringe of the interference pattern is used to monitor RI changes as analytes are separated. Using sucrose standards, we report a detection limit of 700 μg/L in a 75 μm i.d. capillary at the 3σ level, corresponding to a detection volume of 90 pL. To validate the approach for electrophoretic separations, Na+ and Li+ were separated and detected with M-BSI and indirect-UV absorbance on the same capillary. A 4 mg/L NaCl and LiCl mixture leads to comparable separation efficiencies in the two detection schemes, with better signal-to-noise in the M-BSI detection, but less baseline stability. The latter arises in part from Joule heating, which influences RI measurements through the thermo-optic properties of the run buffer. To reduce this effect, a 25 μm i.d. capillary combined with active temperature control was used to detect the separation of sucrose, glucose, and lactose with M-BSI. The lack of suitable UV chromophores makes these analytes challenging to detect directly in ultrasmall volumes. Using a 55 mM NaOH run buffer, M-BSI is shown to detect the separation of a mixture of 174 mg/L sucrose, 97 mg/L glucose, and 172 mg/L lactose in a 15 pL detection volume. The universal on-column detection in ultrasmall volumes adds new capabilities for microanalysis platforms, while potentially reducing the footprint and costs of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Dunn
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry , University of Kansas , 2030 Becker Drive , Lawrence , Kansas 66047 , United States
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41
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Boublík M, Riesová M, Dubský P, Gaš B. Enhancement of the conductivity detection signal in capillary electrophoresis systems using neutral cyclodextrins as sweeping agents. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1390-1398. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milan Boublík
- Faculty of Science; Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Martina Riesová
- Faculty of Science; Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dubský
- Faculty of Science; Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslav Gaš
- Faculty of Science; Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
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42
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Hao Y, Bao Y, Huang X, Hu Y, Xiong B. On-line pre-treatment, separation, and nanoelectrospray mass spectrometric determinations for pesticide metabolites and peptides based on a modular microfluidic platform. RSC Adv 2018; 8:39811-39817. [PMID: 35558234 PMCID: PMC9091297 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08276f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to address time-consuming sample pre-treatment and separation prior to mass spectrometry (MS) identifications, highly integrated chips were developed, but damage to any functional unit in these chips would result in complete replacement. Herein, we propose a modular microfluidic platform comprising pre-treatment, liquid chromatography (LC) separation and nanoelectrospray ionization (nESI) chips for on-line enrichment, separation and nESI MS detection of pesticide metabolites and peptides. The pre-treatment chip is applicable in enriching pyridalyl and its metabolites, and it achieves optimal desalination efficiency, 98.5%, for polymerase chain reaction products. Additionally, the LC separation chip was fully characterised, and it demonstrated satisfactory separation efficiency, quantification ability and pressure durability. Finally, the modular microfluidic platform was used to identify the peptides in trypsin-digested casein. Four additional peptides were identified, indicating an improvement in detection ability compared with using off-line zip tips coupled with MS investigations. Because the proposed modular platform can significantly reduce manual work, it would be a potential tool to achieve high throughput and automatic MS identifications with low sample consumptions. A microfluidic platform, composed of enrichment, separation and nanoelectrospray ionization modulations was developed to on-line-investigate pesticide metabolites and peptides.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyin Hao
- School of Mathematics and Statistics
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology
| | - Yajing Bao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Public Health and Molecular Medicine Analysis
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
| | - Xueying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Public Health and Molecular Medicine Analysis
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
| | - Yijun Hu
- School of Mathematics and Statistics
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Bo Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Public Health and Molecular Medicine Analysis
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
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43
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Sahore V, Sonker M, Nielsen AV, Knob R, Kumar S, Woolley AT. Automated microfluidic devices integrating solid-phase extraction, fluorescent labeling, and microchip electrophoresis for preterm birth biomarker analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:933-941. [PMID: 28799040 PMCID: PMC5775915 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0548-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We have developed multichannel integrated microfluidic devices for automated preconcentration, labeling, purification, and separation of preterm birth (PTB) biomarkers. We fabricated multilayer poly(dimethylsiloxane)-cyclic olefin copolymer (PDMS-COC) devices that perform solid-phase extraction (SPE) and microchip electrophoresis (μCE) for automated PTB biomarker analysis. The PDMS control layer had a peristaltic pump and pneumatic valves for flow control, while the PDMS fluidic layer had five input reservoirs connected to microchannels and a μCE system. The COC layers had a reversed-phase octyl methacrylate porous polymer monolith for SPE and fluorescent labeling of PTB biomarkers. We determined μCE conditions for two PTB biomarkers, ferritin (Fer) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). We used these integrated microfluidic devices to preconcentrate and purify off-chip-labeled Fer and CRF in an automated fashion. Finally, we performed a fully automated on-chip analysis of unlabeled PTB biomarkers, involving SPE, labeling, and μCE separation with 1 h total analysis time. These integrated systems have strong potential to be combined with upstream immunoaffinity extraction, offering a compact sample-to-answer biomarker analysis platform. Graphical abstract Pressure-actuated integrated microfluidic devices have been developed for automated solid-phase extraction, fluorescent labeling, and microchip electrophoresis of preterm birth biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Sahore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, C100 BNSN, Provo, UT, 84602-5700, USA
| | - Mukul Sonker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, C100 BNSN, Provo, UT, 84602-5700, USA
| | - Anna V Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, C100 BNSN, Provo, UT, 84602-5700, USA
| | - Radim Knob
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, C100 BNSN, Provo, UT, 84602-5700, USA
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, C100 BNSN, Provo, UT, 84602-5700, USA
| | - Adam T Woolley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, C100 BNSN, Provo, UT, 84602-5700, USA.
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Bahmanzadeh S, Noroozifar M. Fabrication of modified carbon paste electrodes with Ni-doped Lewatit FO36 nano ion exchange resin for simultaneous determination of epinephrine, paracetamol and tryptophan. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Juang YJ, Li WS, Chen PS. Fabrication of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices by filtration-assisted screen printing. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Peng J, Han CL, Ling J, Liu CJ, Ding ZT, Cao QE. Selective fluorescence quenching of papain-Au nanoclusters by self-polymerization of dopamine. LUMINESCENCE 2017; 33:168-173. [PMID: 28960783 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we synthesized a papain-stabilized fluorescent Au nanocluster (NC) probe and studied its interaction with dopamine. As fluorescence of papain-Au NCs is quenched in the presence of dopamine under alkaline conditions, we were able to establish a simple, selective analytical method for dopamine determination. By studying the fluorescence lifetime and dynamic light scattering of the NCs before and after interaction with dopamine, we found that this fluorescence quenching mechanism was possibly due to dopamine self-polymerization that produced polydopamine that cross-linked papain-Au NCs. Based on this new phenomenon, we proposed a highly selective analytical method for dopamine detection. Other small organic molecules, such as amino acids, ascorbic acid and uric acid did not interfere with dopamine detection. Dopamine in the range 20-100 μM can be linearly detected by the fluorescence quenching ratio of gold nanoclusters. Dopamine detection could be visually realized by watching color changes of papain-Au NCs under UV light or daylight, as both fluorescence and absorption of the papain-Au NCs changed during dopamine polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Peng
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Geological Testing Institute, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Ling Han
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ling
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Juan Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Tao Ding
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-E Cao
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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Phillips TM. Recent advances in CE and microchip-CE in clinical applications: 2014 to mid-2017. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:126-135. [PMID: 28853177 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
CE and microchip CE (ME) are powerful tools for the analysis of a number of different analytes and have been applied to a variety of clinical fields and human samples. This review will present an overview of the most recent applications of these techniques to different areas of clinical medicine during the period of 2014 to mid-2017. CE and ME have been applied to clinical chemistry, drug detection and monitoring, hematology, infectious diseases, oncology, endocrinology, neonatology, nephrology, and genetic screening. Samples examined range from serum, plasma, and urine to lest utilized materials such as tears, cerebral spinal fluid, sweat, saliva, condensed breath, single cells, and biopsy tissue. Examples of clinical applications will be given along with the various detection systems employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry M Phillips
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Poinsot V, Ong-Meang V, Ric A, Gavard P, Perquis L, Couderc F. Recent advances in amino acid analysis by capillary electromigration methods: June 2015-May 2017. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:190-208. [PMID: 28805963 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the tenth edition of this article focused on recent advances in amino acid analysis using capillary electrophoresis, we describe the most important research articles published on this topic during the period from June 2015 to May 2017. This article follows the format of the previous articles published in Electrophoresis. The new developments in amino acid analysis with CE mainly describe improvements in CE associated with mass spectrometry. Focusing on applications, we mostly describe clinical works, although metabolomics studies are also very important. Finally, works focusing on amino acids in food and agricultural applications are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véréna Poinsot
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, France
| | | | - Audrey Ric
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Gavard
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, France
| | - Lucie Perquis
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, France
| | - François Couderc
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, France
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Liu Y, Wang W, Jia M, Liu R, Liu Q, Xiao H, Li J, Xue Y, Wang Y, Yan C. Recent advances in microscale separation. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:8-33. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Jia
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Rangdong Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Han Xiao
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Unimicro (shanghai) Technologies Co., Ltd.; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yun Xue
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Chao Yan
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
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Sierra T, Crevillen AG, Escarpa A. Derivatization agents for electrochemical detection in amino acid, peptide and protein separations: The hidden electrochemistry? Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2695-2703. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Sierra
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Alcala; Alcala de Henares Madrid Spain
| | - Agustin G. Crevillen
- Department of Analytical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences; Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Alberto Escarpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Alcala; Alcala de Henares Madrid Spain
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